See yabaĺč in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*namukan",
"3": "",
"bor": "1",
"der": "1",
"t": "peaceful, gentle",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→⇒? Proto-Mongolic: *namukan (“peaceful, gentle”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→⇒? Proto-Mongolic: *namukan (“peaceful, gentle”) (from the hypothetical *yaba-kan (“id.”))"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "намхан",
"t": "peaceful, gentle"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian: намхан (namxan, “peaceful, gentle”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mongolian: намхан (namxan, “peaceful, gentle”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-cmn",
"2": "*yabaš"
},
"expansion": "Common Turkic: *yabaš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Common Turkic: *yabaš"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ogz"
},
"expansion": "Oghuz:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "yavaş"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: yavaş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: yavaş"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "یواش",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "yavâš"
},
"expansion": "→ Persian: یواش (yavâš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Persian: یواش (yavâš)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "yəvâş",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Khalaj: yəvâş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Khalaj: yəvâş"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "یواش",
"t": "patient, mild, peaceable",
"tr": "yavaş"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: یواش (yavaş, “patient, mild, peaceable”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: یواش (yavaş, “patient, mild, peaceable”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "yavaş"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: yavaş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: yavaş"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "yavaş"
},
"expansion": "Gagauz: yavaş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gagauz: yavaş"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "ýuwaş"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: ýuwaş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: ýuwaş"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kar"
},
"expansion": "Karluk:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "",
"tr": "yawaš"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (yawaš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (yawaš)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "",
"tr": "yawaš"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: [script needed] (yawaš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: [script needed] (yawaš)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "",
"tr": "yuwaš"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: [script needed] (yuwaš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: [script needed] (yuwaš) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "yuvosh"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: yuvosh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: yuvosh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "",
"der": "1",
"t": "a person who is timid, mild, tractable, and peaceable; docile (of animals)",
"tr": "yawa kiši"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Karakhanid: [script needed] (yawa kiši, “a person who is timid, mild, tractable, and peaceable; docile (of animals)”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Karakhanid: [script needed] (yawa kiši, “a person who is timid, mild, tractable, and peaceable; docile (of animals)”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "",
"der": "1",
"t": "warm, cozy place",
"tr": "yawa yḗr"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Karakhanid: [script needed] (yawa yḗr, “warm, cozy place”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Karakhanid: [script needed] (yawa yḗr, “warm, cozy place”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kip"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qwm",
"2": "iavas",
"t": "docile and obsequious (of animals)",
"tr": "yawa:š"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak: iavas (yawa:š, “docile and obsequious (of animals)”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak: iavas (yawa:š, “docile and obsequious (of animals)”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kbu"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Bulgar:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Bulgar:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "йыуаш"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: йыуаш (yıwaş)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: йыуаш (yıwaş)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Middle Tatar: *ʒovaš (\"peaceful, hospitable\")"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "чӑваш",
"bor": "1",
"t": "Chuvash",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Chuvash: чӑваш (čăvaš, “Chuvash”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Chuvash: чӑваш (čăvaš, “Chuvash”)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "суас",
"bor": "1",
"t": "Tatar"
},
"expansion": "→ Eastern Mari: суас (suas, “Tatar”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Eastern Mari: суас (suas, “Tatar”)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "чуаш",
"bor": "1",
"t": "Chuvash"
},
"expansion": "→ Tatar: чуаш (çuwaş, “Chuvash”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tatar: чуаш (çuwaş, “Chuvash”)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "чува́ша",
"t": "unkempt man"
},
"expansion": "Russian: чува́ша (čuváša, “unkempt man”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: чува́ша (čuváša, “unkempt man”) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "юаш",
"3": "юваш"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: юаш (yuaş), юваш (yuwaş)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: юаш (yuaş), юваш (yuwaş)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kcu"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Cuman:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Cuman:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jct",
"2": "йуваш"
},
"expansion": "Krymchak: йуваш",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Krymchak: йуваш"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": "джууаш"
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: джууаш (cuuaş)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar: джууаш (cuuaş)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "яваш",
"3": "юваш"
},
"expansion": "Kumyk: яваш (yawaş), юваш (yuwaş)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk: яваш (yawaş), юваш (yuwaş)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kdr",
"2": "йуваш"
},
"expansion": "Karaim: йуваш",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karaim: йуваш"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uum",
"2": "йываш"
},
"expansion": "Urum: йываш",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urum: йываш"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kno"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Nogai:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Nogai:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "жуас"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: жуас (juas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: жуас (juas)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": "ювас"
},
"expansion": "Nogai: ювас (yuvas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai: ювас (yuvas)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kkp"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "жоош"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: жоош (jooş)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: жоош (jooş)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "јобош"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: јобош (ǰoboš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: јобош (ǰoboš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-sib"
},
"expansion": "Siberian Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Siberian Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-nsb"
},
"expansion": "North Siberian Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Siberian Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Earlier Yakut: *samā- (\"calm, pleasant, easy-going\")"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "самаан",
"der": "1",
"t": "favourable summer, warm weather",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? Yakut: самаан (samaan, “favourable summer, warm weather”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒? Yakut: самаан (samaan, “favourable summer, warm weather”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ssb"
},
"expansion": "South Siberian Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "South Siberian Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"2": "𐽶𐽰𐽼𐽰𐽻",
"tr": "yabaš"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: 𐽶𐽰𐽼𐽰𐽻 (yabaš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: 𐽶𐽰𐽼𐽰𐽻 (yabaš)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"2": "𐽶𐽰𐽼 𐽶𐽰𐽼",
"der": "1",
"t": "timidly",
"tr": "yap-yap",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? Old Uyghur: 𐽶𐽰𐽼 𐽶𐽰𐽼 (yap-yap, “timidly”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒? Old Uyghur: 𐽶𐽰𐽼 𐽶𐽰𐽼 (yap-yap, “timidly”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "чабас"
},
"expansion": "Khakas: чабас (çabas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khakas: чабас (çabas)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "atv",
"2": "дьобоош",
"3": "чобош"
},
"expansion": "Northern Altai: дьобоош (dʹobooš), чобош (čoboš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Altai: дьобоош (dʹobooš), чобош (čoboš)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cjs",
"2": "чобаш",
"tr": "čobaš"
},
"expansion": "Shor: чобаш (čobaš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shor: чобаш (čobaš)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "чааш"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: чааш (çaaş)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: чааш (çaaş)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kim",
"2": "чааш",
"tr": "čāš"
},
"expansion": "Tofa: чааш (čāš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tofa: чааш (čāš)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*namukan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *namukan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "намхан",
"t": "gentle, peaceful"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian намхан (namxan, “gentle, peaceful”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn-kha",
"2": "зөөлөн",
"t": "soft, weak"
},
"expansion": "Khalkha Mongolian зөөлөн (zöölön, “soft, weak”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "柔ら",
"t": "something soft, fragile, gentle",
"tr": "yawara"
},
"expansion": "Japanese 柔ら (yawara, “something soft, fragile, gentle”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "柔柔",
"t": "soft, supple",
"tr": "yawayawa"
},
"expansion": "Japanese 柔柔 (yawayawa, “soft, supple”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Probably a deverbal from the unattested verb *yaba- (“to calm down (?)”), further etymology cannot be satisfactorily established.\nRäsänen, Vasmer and Nemeth suggest that the ethnonym for Chuvash people (čăwaš) is borrowed or inherited from *yabaš (“calm, peaceful”), via intermediaries. Proto-Mongolic *namukan is given as a cognate by Räsänen (cf. Mongolian намхан (namxan, “gentle, peaceful”))\nAltaicists compare their reconstructed form *yabaĺ with Khalkha Mongolian зөөлөн (zöölön, “soft, weak”) (cf. Written Mongolian ᠵᠣ᠊᠊ᠢ᠊ᠭᠡ᠊ᠯᠠ᠊ᠨ (ʒögelen)) and Japanese 柔ら (yawara, “something soft, fragile, gentle”) (cf. Japanese 柔柔 (yawayawa, “soft, supple”), reduplication of *yawa). Despite semantic and phonological similarities, Altaic comparisons are severely criticized by mainstream historical linguistics.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-cmn",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*yabaĺč",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yabaĺč",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Common Turkic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "59 23 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Uyghur terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 7 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "88 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "65 18 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"peaceful, quiet, calm, mild (Common Turkic)"
],
"id": "en-yabaĺč-trk-pro-adj-JdmX46m3",
"links": [
[
"peaceful",
"peaceful"
],
[
"quiet",
"quiet"
],
[
"calm",
"calm"
],
[
"mild",
"mild"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "n",
"word": "*akuru"
},
{
"alt": "~ -ïl",
"word": "*amul"
},
{
"word": "*enč"
},
{
"word": "*tölen"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"slow (Oghuz Turkic)"
],
"id": "en-yabaĺč-trk-pro-adj-8NhEAEDe",
"links": [
[
"slow",
"slow"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "n",
"word": "*akuru"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"soft (Karakhanid, Siberian Turkic)"
],
"id": "en-yabaĺč-trk-pro-adj-Egpa8AZY",
"links": [
[
"soft",
"soft"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*yïmĺčak"
},
{
"word": "*gebešek"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Oleg Trubachyov"
],
"word": "yabaĺč"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Uyghur terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Turkic adjectives",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic terms with unknown etymologies",
"Requests for native script for Chagatai terms",
"Requests for native script for Karakhanid terms",
"Requests for native script for Uyghur terms"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*namukan",
"3": "",
"bor": "1",
"der": "1",
"t": "peaceful, gentle",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→⇒? Proto-Mongolic: *namukan (“peaceful, gentle”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→⇒? Proto-Mongolic: *namukan (“peaceful, gentle”) (from the hypothetical *yaba-kan (“id.”))"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "намхан",
"t": "peaceful, gentle"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian: намхан (namxan, “peaceful, gentle”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mongolian: намхан (namxan, “peaceful, gentle”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-cmn",
"2": "*yabaš"
},
"expansion": "Common Turkic: *yabaš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Common Turkic: *yabaš"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ogz"
},
"expansion": "Oghuz:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "yavaş"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: yavaş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: yavaş"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "یواش",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "yavâš"
},
"expansion": "→ Persian: یواش (yavâš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Persian: یواش (yavâš)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "yəvâş",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Khalaj: yəvâş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Khalaj: yəvâş"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "یواش",
"t": "patient, mild, peaceable",
"tr": "yavaş"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: یواش (yavaş, “patient, mild, peaceable”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: یواش (yavaş, “patient, mild, peaceable”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "yavaş"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: yavaş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: yavaş"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "yavaş"
},
"expansion": "Gagauz: yavaş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gagauz: yavaş"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "ýuwaş"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: ýuwaş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: ýuwaş"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kar"
},
"expansion": "Karluk:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "",
"tr": "yawaš"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (yawaš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (yawaš)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "",
"tr": "yawaš"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: [script needed] (yawaš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: [script needed] (yawaš)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "",
"tr": "yuwaš"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: [script needed] (yuwaš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: [script needed] (yuwaš) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "yuvosh"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: yuvosh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: yuvosh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "",
"der": "1",
"t": "a person who is timid, mild, tractable, and peaceable; docile (of animals)",
"tr": "yawa kiši"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Karakhanid: [script needed] (yawa kiši, “a person who is timid, mild, tractable, and peaceable; docile (of animals)”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Karakhanid: [script needed] (yawa kiši, “a person who is timid, mild, tractable, and peaceable; docile (of animals)”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "",
"der": "1",
"t": "warm, cozy place",
"tr": "yawa yḗr"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Karakhanid: [script needed] (yawa yḗr, “warm, cozy place”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Karakhanid: [script needed] (yawa yḗr, “warm, cozy place”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kip"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qwm",
"2": "iavas",
"t": "docile and obsequious (of animals)",
"tr": "yawa:š"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak: iavas (yawa:š, “docile and obsequious (of animals)”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak: iavas (yawa:š, “docile and obsequious (of animals)”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kbu"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Bulgar:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Bulgar:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "йыуаш"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: йыуаш (yıwaş)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: йыуаш (yıwaş)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Middle Tatar: *ʒovaš (\"peaceful, hospitable\")"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "чӑваш",
"bor": "1",
"t": "Chuvash",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Chuvash: чӑваш (čăvaš, “Chuvash”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Chuvash: чӑваш (čăvaš, “Chuvash”)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "суас",
"bor": "1",
"t": "Tatar"
},
"expansion": "→ Eastern Mari: суас (suas, “Tatar”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Eastern Mari: суас (suas, “Tatar”)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "чуаш",
"bor": "1",
"t": "Chuvash"
},
"expansion": "→ Tatar: чуаш (çuwaş, “Chuvash”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tatar: чуаш (çuwaş, “Chuvash”)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "чува́ша",
"t": "unkempt man"
},
"expansion": "Russian: чува́ша (čuváša, “unkempt man”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: чува́ша (čuváša, “unkempt man”) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "юаш",
"3": "юваш"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: юаш (yuaş), юваш (yuwaş)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: юаш (yuaş), юваш (yuwaş)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kcu"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Cuman:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Cuman:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jct",
"2": "йуваш"
},
"expansion": "Krymchak: йуваш",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Krymchak: йуваш"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": "джууаш"
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: джууаш (cuuaş)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar: джууаш (cuuaş)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "яваш",
"3": "юваш"
},
"expansion": "Kumyk: яваш (yawaş), юваш (yuwaş)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk: яваш (yawaş), юваш (yuwaş)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kdr",
"2": "йуваш"
},
"expansion": "Karaim: йуваш",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karaim: йуваш"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uum",
"2": "йываш"
},
"expansion": "Urum: йываш",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urum: йываш"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kno"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Nogai:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Nogai:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "жуас"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: жуас (juas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: жуас (juas)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": "ювас"
},
"expansion": "Nogai: ювас (yuvas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai: ювас (yuvas)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kkp"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "жоош"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: жоош (jooş)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: жоош (jooş)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "јобош"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: јобош (ǰoboš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: јобош (ǰoboš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-sib"
},
"expansion": "Siberian Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Siberian Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-nsb"
},
"expansion": "North Siberian Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Siberian Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Earlier Yakut: *samā- (\"calm, pleasant, easy-going\")"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "самаан",
"der": "1",
"t": "favourable summer, warm weather",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? Yakut: самаан (samaan, “favourable summer, warm weather”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒? Yakut: самаан (samaan, “favourable summer, warm weather”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ssb"
},
"expansion": "South Siberian Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "South Siberian Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"2": "𐽶𐽰𐽼𐽰𐽻",
"tr": "yabaš"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: 𐽶𐽰𐽼𐽰𐽻 (yabaš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: 𐽶𐽰𐽼𐽰𐽻 (yabaš)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"2": "𐽶𐽰𐽼 𐽶𐽰𐽼",
"der": "1",
"t": "timidly",
"tr": "yap-yap",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? Old Uyghur: 𐽶𐽰𐽼 𐽶𐽰𐽼 (yap-yap, “timidly”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒? Old Uyghur: 𐽶𐽰𐽼 𐽶𐽰𐽼 (yap-yap, “timidly”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "чабас"
},
"expansion": "Khakas: чабас (çabas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khakas: чабас (çabas)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "atv",
"2": "дьобоош",
"3": "чобош"
},
"expansion": "Northern Altai: дьобоош (dʹobooš), чобош (čoboš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Altai: дьобоош (dʹobooš), чобош (čoboš)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cjs",
"2": "чобаш",
"tr": "čobaš"
},
"expansion": "Shor: чобаш (čobaš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shor: чобаш (čobaš)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "чааш"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: чааш (çaaş)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: чааш (çaaş)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kim",
"2": "чааш",
"tr": "čāš"
},
"expansion": "Tofa: чааш (čāš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tofa: чааш (čāš)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*namukan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *namukan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "намхан",
"t": "gentle, peaceful"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian намхан (namxan, “gentle, peaceful”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn-kha",
"2": "зөөлөн",
"t": "soft, weak"
},
"expansion": "Khalkha Mongolian зөөлөн (zöölön, “soft, weak”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "柔ら",
"t": "something soft, fragile, gentle",
"tr": "yawara"
},
"expansion": "Japanese 柔ら (yawara, “something soft, fragile, gentle”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "柔柔",
"t": "soft, supple",
"tr": "yawayawa"
},
"expansion": "Japanese 柔柔 (yawayawa, “soft, supple”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Probably a deverbal from the unattested verb *yaba- (“to calm down (?)”), further etymology cannot be satisfactorily established.\nRäsänen, Vasmer and Nemeth suggest that the ethnonym for Chuvash people (čăwaš) is borrowed or inherited from *yabaš (“calm, peaceful”), via intermediaries. Proto-Mongolic *namukan is given as a cognate by Räsänen (cf. Mongolian намхан (namxan, “gentle, peaceful”))\nAltaicists compare their reconstructed form *yabaĺ with Khalkha Mongolian зөөлөн (zöölön, “soft, weak”) (cf. Written Mongolian ᠵᠣ᠊᠊ᠢ᠊ᠭᠡ᠊ᠯᠠ᠊ᠨ (ʒögelen)) and Japanese 柔ら (yawara, “something soft, fragile, gentle”) (cf. Japanese 柔柔 (yawayawa, “soft, supple”), reduplication of *yawa). Despite semantic and phonological similarities, Altaic comparisons are severely criticized by mainstream historical linguistics.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-cmn",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*yabaĺč",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yabaĺč",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Common Turkic"
],
"glosses": [
"peaceful, quiet, calm, mild (Common Turkic)"
],
"links": [
[
"peaceful",
"peaceful"
],
[
"quiet",
"quiet"
],
[
"calm",
"calm"
],
[
"mild",
"mild"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "n",
"word": "*akuru"
},
{
"alt": "~ -ïl",
"word": "*amul"
},
{
"word": "*enč"
},
{
"word": "*tölen"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"slow (Oghuz Turkic)"
],
"links": [
[
"slow",
"slow"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "n",
"word": "*akuru"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"soft (Karakhanid, Siberian Turkic)"
],
"links": [
[
"soft",
"soft"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*yïmĺčak"
},
{
"word": "*gebešek"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Oleg Trubachyov"
],
"word": "yabaĺč"
}
Download raw JSONL data for yabaĺč meaning in Proto-Turkic (13.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Turkic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.