See bašmak in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-cmn-pro",
"2": "*bašmak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Common Turkic: *bašmak",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Common Turkic: *bašmak"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ogz"
},
"expansion": "Oghuz:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "باشمق",
"tr": "başmaq"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: باشمق (başmaq), پاشمق (paşmaq), بشمق (başmaq)\nAzerbaijani: başmaq\nGagauz: başmak\nOttoman Turkish: باشمق (başmak), باشماق (başmak)\nTurkish: başmak\n→ Armenian: պաշմաք (pašmakʻ), պաշմախ (pašmax)\n→ Ukrainian: башмак (bašmak)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: باشمق (başmaq), پاشمق (paşmaq), بشمق (başmaq)\nAzerbaijani: başmaq\nGagauz: başmak\nOttoman Turkish: باشمق (başmak), باشماق (başmak)\nTurkish: başmak\n→ Armenian: պաշմաք (pašmakʻ), պաշմախ (pašmax)\n→ Ukrainian: башмак (bašmak)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "başmak"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: başmak",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: başmak"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kip"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kbu"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Bulgar:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Bulgar:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "başmaq"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: başmaq",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: başmaq"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kcu"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Cuman:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Cuman:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "башмакъ"
},
"expansion": "Kumyk: башмакъ (başmaq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk: башмакъ (başmaq)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kno"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Nogai:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Nogai:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "паспақ"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: паспақ (paspaq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: паспақ (paspaq)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kkp"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "башмак"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: башмак (bašmak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: башмак (bašmak)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "пушмак",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Chuvash: пушмак (pušmak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chuvash: пушмак (pušmak)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"tr": "bašmaq"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: [script needed] (bašmaq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: [script needed] (bašmaq)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "башмак",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: башмак (bašmak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: башмак (bašmak)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "",
"tr": "palmak"
},
"expansion": "Korean [script needed] (palmak)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clauson and Nişanyan derive from *baš- (“to tie together”), reciprocal from of *bā- (“to tie”). Doerfer derives from *baša-. Mahmud Al-Kashgari suggest that the Oghuz people added the -m- consonant to original *bašak.\nRamstedt connects this word with Korean [script needed] (palmak), however, Altaic comparisons are widely discredited. Eren also rejects this proposal, Räsänen puts a question mark while mentioning Ramstedt's derivation.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*bašmak",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bašmak",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shoe, slipper, sandal"
],
"id": "en-bašmak-trk-pro-noun-49JLc7v9",
"links": [
[
"shoe",
"shoe"
],
[
"slipper",
"slipper"
],
[
"sandal",
"sandal"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bašmak"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-cmn-pro",
"2": "*bašmak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Common Turkic: *bašmak",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Common Turkic: *bašmak"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ogz"
},
"expansion": "Oghuz:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "باشمق",
"tr": "başmaq"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: باشمق (başmaq), پاشمق (paşmaq), بشمق (başmaq)\nAzerbaijani: başmaq\nGagauz: başmak\nOttoman Turkish: باشمق (başmak), باشماق (başmak)\nTurkish: başmak\n→ Armenian: պաշմաք (pašmakʻ), պաշմախ (pašmax)\n→ Ukrainian: башмак (bašmak)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: باشمق (başmaq), پاشمق (paşmaq), بشمق (başmaq)\nAzerbaijani: başmaq\nGagauz: başmak\nOttoman Turkish: باشمق (başmak), باشماق (başmak)\nTurkish: başmak\n→ Armenian: պաշմաք (pašmakʻ), պաշմախ (pašmax)\n→ Ukrainian: башмак (bašmak)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "başmak"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: başmak",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: başmak"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kip"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kbu"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Bulgar:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Bulgar:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "başmaq"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: başmaq",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: başmaq"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kcu"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Cuman:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Cuman:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "башмакъ"
},
"expansion": "Kumyk: башмакъ (başmaq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk: башмакъ (başmaq)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kno"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Nogai:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Nogai:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "паспақ"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: паспақ (paspaq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: паспақ (paspaq)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kkp"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "башмак"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: башмак (bašmak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: башмак (bašmak)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "пушмак",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Chuvash: пушмак (pušmak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chuvash: пушмак (pušmak)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"tr": "bašmaq"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: [script needed] (bašmaq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: [script needed] (bašmaq)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "башмак",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: башмак (bašmak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: башмак (bašmak)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "",
"tr": "palmak"
},
"expansion": "Korean [script needed] (palmak)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clauson and Nişanyan derive from *baš- (“to tie together”), reciprocal from of *bā- (“to tie”). Doerfer derives from *baša-. Mahmud Al-Kashgari suggest that the Oghuz people added the -m- consonant to original *bašak.\nRamstedt connects this word with Korean [script needed] (palmak), however, Altaic comparisons are widely discredited. Eren also rejects this proposal, Räsänen puts a question mark while mentioning Ramstedt's derivation.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*bašmak",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bašmak",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic nouns",
"Requests for native script for Chagatai terms",
"Requests for native script for Korean terms"
],
"glosses": [
"shoe, slipper, sandal"
],
"links": [
[
"shoe",
"shoe"
],
[
"slipper",
"slipper"
],
[
"sandal",
"sandal"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bašmak"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bašmak meaning in Proto-Turkic (4.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Turkic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (89e900c and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.