küŕen

küŕen (nominative singular)
küŕenig (accusative singular)
küŕenni (accusative singular)
küŕenniŋ (genitive singular)
küŕenke (dative singular)
küŕente (locative singular)
küŕenten (ablative singular)
küŕengerü (allative singular)
küŕenin (instrumental singular)
küŕenče (equative singular)
küŕenleyü (singular)
küŕenligü (comitative singular)

Oghur:

→ Hungarian: görény

→? Proto-Mongolic: *kürene

desc

ᠬᠥ᠊᠊ᠷ᠊ᠢ᠊᠊ᠨ ᠬᠥ᠊᠊ᠷᠠᠠ᠊ᠢ᠊ᠡ

Native Script Mongolian: ᠬᠥ᠊᠊ᠷ᠊ᠢ᠊᠊ᠨ
ᠬᠥ᠊᠊ᠷᠠᠠ᠊ᠢ᠊ᠡ (kö--r-i--n kö--raa-i-e)

Mongolian: хүрэн (xüren)

Common Turkic: *küzen

Oghuz:

East Oghuz:

⇒ Turkmen: alajgözen

Kipchak:

→ Nor Nakhichevan Armenian: գյուջեն (gyuǰen), գուջեն (guǰen)

West Kipchak:

Kumyk: гёзен (gözen)

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: көҙән (köźən)

South Kipchak:

Karakalpak: [script needed] (güzen)

Kazakh: күзэн (küzén), сасық күзен (sasyq küzen)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: күзөн (küzön)

Southern Altai: кӱзен (küzen)

Siberian:

South Siberian:

Yeniseian:

Khakas: кӱзен (küzen)

Sayan:

Tuvan: күзэн (küzen, “Siberian polecat”)

Akin to Proto-Mongolic *kürene (“ferret, weasel”), Proto-Tungusic *xur- (“bear; gopher; bear's flesh (as food); young tarbagan”).


kạyïr

kạyïr (nominative singular)
kạyïrïg (accusative singular)
kạyïrnï (accusative singular)
kạyïrnïŋ (genitive singular)
kạyïrka (dative singular)
kạyïrta (locative singular)
kạyïrtan (ablative singular)
kạyïrgaru (allative singular)
kạyïrïn (instrumental singular)
kạyïrča (equative singular)
kạyïrlayu (singular)
kạyïrlïgu (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Chuvash: хӑйӑр (hăjăr, “sand”)

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: qayır, qayraq

Ottoman Turkish: قاير (kayır)

Turkish: kayır (“sand”)

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: gaýyr (“gravel; sand”)

Karluk:

desc

Karakhanid: [script needed] (qayır, “salt steppe; sand”)

Uzbek: qayir (“gravel”)

Kipchak:

West Kipchak:

Kumyk: къайыр (qayır, “gravel”)

South Kipchak:

Karakalpak: қайыр (qayır, “sandbank”)

Kazakh: қайыр (qaiyr, “sandbank”)

Nogai: къайыр (k”ayır, “sand”)

East Kipchak:

Southern Altai: кайыр (kayïr, “salt marsh”)

Siberian:

North Siberian:

⇒ Yakut: хайыр таас (qayır taas, “gravel”)

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tuvan: хайыр (xayır, “salt steppe”)

Compared to Proto-Tungusic *xońi (“sand; dirt”), whence Even [script needed] (ońịŋ, “sand; dirt”).


özgēn

özgēn (nominative singular)
özgēnig (accusative singular)
özgēnni (accusative singular)
özgēnniŋ (genitive singular)
özgēnke (dative singular)
özgēnte (locative singular)
özgēnten (ablative singular)
özgēngerü (allative singular)
özgēnin (instrumental singular)
özgēnče (equative singular)
özgēnleyü (singular)
özgēnligü (comitative singular)

Common Turkic: *özgēn

Siberian:

desc

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (özkän yözkän, “rain”)

North Siberian:

Yakut: өксүөн (öksüön, “cloudy, rainy autumn weather (with snow)”), өһүөн (öhüön, “long-lasting rain”)

→ Buryat: үһээ (ühee), үһээ бороо (ühee boroo, “torrential rain”)

South Siberian:

Yeniseian:

Khakas: ӱскен (üsken, “rain”)

Sayan:

Tofa: [script needed] (ösken)

Most likely a local Siberian word, maybe goes back en earlier *hözgēn . Derived from Proto-Turkic *özgē- (“an unknown verb”) + *-n. According to the logic of Proto-Turkic initial-∅ and Proto-Tungusic initial-p; compared to Proto-Northern-Tungusic *pörȫ- (“?”), and Proto-Southern-Tungusic *pörägä- (“?”); whence also Orok пурэ- (pure-, “to rain”).
Perhaps also related to Common Turkic *ögren, *örgen (“river, brook”) and *özen (“river, brook”).


kuńāĺ

kuńāĺ (nominative singular)
kuńāĺïg (accusative singular)
kuńāĺnï (accusative singular)
kuńāĺnïŋ (genitive singular)
kuńāĺka (dative singular)
kuńāĺta (locative singular)
kuńāĺtan (ablative singular)
kuńāĺgaru (allative singular)
kuńāĺïn (instrumental singular)
kuńāĺča (equative singular)
kuńāĺlayu (singular)
kuńāĺlïgu (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Chuvash: хӗвел (hĕvel, “sun”)

Common Turkic: *kuyāš

Karluk:

Karakhanid: قُياشْ

Chagatai:

Uzbek: quyosh

Uyghur: قۇياش (quyash)

Kipchak:

Cuman: cuyas

Karaim: къуяш (quyaş)

Kumyk: кыяс (kıyas)

→ Turkish: guyaş (dial.)

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: ҡояш (qoyaş)

Tatar: кояш (qoyaş)

South Kipchak:

Caspian:

Nogai: [script needed] (qıyaş)

Karakalpak: quyash

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Southern Altai: [script needed] (quyash)

Siberian:

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (quyaš)

Northern Altai: куйаш (kuyaš)

North Siberian:

Dolgan: куньаас (kuńaas)

Yakut: куйаас (kuyaas)

South Siberian:

Yenisei:

Shor: қуйаш (quyaš)

Whether this is a secondary form of *küneĺ (“sunny place”) or a distinct word is uncertain, with multiple sources claiming one or the other.
Sevortjan suggests a derivation from *kuy- which he considers a secondary form of *köń-, however neither does he explain the morphology nor is such a form attested.


yačan-

Oghur:

Chuvash: ҫӳзӗн (śüzĕn, “to be shocked”)

Common Turkic: *yačan-

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (yaçanmak)

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (yačan-)

Probably derived from the verbal root *yab-.

(intransitive) to be ashamed, embarrassed


kebrüč

kebrüč (nominative singular)
kebrüčüg (accusative singular)
kebrüčni (accusative singular)
kebrüčnüŋ (genitive singular)
kebrüčke (dative singular)
kebrüčde (locative singular)
kebrüčden (ablative singular)
kebrüčgerü (allative singular)
kebrüčün (instrumental singular)
kebrüčče (equative singular)
kebrüčleyü (singular)
kebrüčlügü (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Chuvash: каврӑҫ (kavrăś)

→ Hungarian: kőris

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: göyrüş

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: kürüç, küvrüç (dialectal)

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (kevrik, “hornbeam”)

Kipchak:

West Kipchak:

Karachay-Balkar: кюрюч (kürüç)

Kumyk: гюйрюч (güyrüç)

South Kipchak:

Nogai: [script needed] (güyriş)

Can be analyzable as *keb- + *-rüč, if related to Proto-Tungusic *xiba-gda (“ash tree”), whence also Nanai сивагдан (sivagdan).


ǖgi

ǖgi (nominative singular)
ǖgig (accusative singular)
ǖgini (accusative singular)
ǖginüŋ (genitive singular)
ǖgike (dative singular)
ǖgide (locative singular)
ǖgiden (ablative singular)
ǖgigerü (allative singular)
ǖgin (instrumental singular)
ǖgiče (equative singular)
ǖgileyü (singular)
ǖgilügü (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Chuvash: ӳкӗ (ük̬ĕ)

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish: اكو, اوكى

Ottoman Turkish: اوكو (üğü), اوكى (üği)

Turkish: üğü, öğü, uğu (dialectal)

Salar: ügü

Turkmen: hüwi

Karluk:

Karakhanid:

Xotan-Kenchek: اُوهٖى (ü:hi)

Chagatai: [script needed] (ügü)

Uyghur: ئوۋ (ow), ئۇكە (uke)

Uzbek: ukki

Kipchak: اُوكٖى (ü:gi)

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: өкө (ökö)

Tatar: өке (öke)

South Kipchak:

Kazakh: үкі (ükı)

East Kipchak:

Kazakh: үкү (ükü)

Southern Altai: ӱкӱ (ükü)

Siberian:

North Siberian:

Yeniseian:

Khakas: ӱгӱ (ügü)

Shor: ӱгӱ (ügü)

Sayan:

Tofa: [script needed] (hügü)

Tuvan: үгү (ügü)

Compared to Proto-Mongolic *uxuli (“owl”) and Proto-Tungusic *oksari (“owl”); whence also Mongolian ууль (uulʹ) and Nanai оксаран (oksaran).


torgay

torgay (nominative singular)
torgayïg (accusative singular)
torgaynï (accusative singular)
torgaynïŋ (genitive singular)
torgayka (dative singular)
torgayda (locative singular)
torgaydan (ablative singular)
torgaygaru (allative singular)
torgayïn (instrumental singular)
torgayča (equative singular)
torgaylayu (singular)
torgaylïgu (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Chuvash: тӑри (tări)

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: torağay

Ottoman Turkish: طویغار (“toygar”)

Turkish: toygar, turgay, Toygar (“a male given name”), Turgay (“a male given name”)

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: torgaý

Karluk:

desctree

Chagatai: تورغای (torğay)
Uzbek:
Cyrillic script: тўрғай (toʻrgʻay)
Latin script: toʻrgʻay
Uyghur:
Arabic script: تورغاي (torghay)
Cyrillic script: торғай (torghay)
Latin script: torghay
→ Persian: ترغای (torğây)

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: турғай (turğay)

Tatar: тургай (turgay)

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: torğay

South Kipchak:

Kazakh: торғай (torğai)

⇒ Nogai: боз торгай (boz torgay)

→ Kalmyk: торһа (torğa)

East Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: торгой (torgoy)

desc

⇒ Southern Altai: бос торкой (bos torkoy)

Siberian:

North Siberian:

Yakut: туйаар (tuyaar)

If the suffix *-gay also used in *kïrguy, then possibly derived from unknown unattested root Proto-Turkic *tor-, which makes it comparable to Proto-Tungusic *turākī (“raven, crow”). ( compare Evenki тураки (turaki, “turaki”)).


següt

següt (nominative singular)
segütüg (accusative singular)
segütni (accusative singular)
segütnüŋ (genitive singular)
segütke (dative singular)
segütde (locative singular)
segütden (ablative singular)
segütgerü (allative singular)
segütün (instrumental singular)
segütče (equative singular)
segütleyü (singular)
segütlügü (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Chuvash:

Common Turkic: *següt, *sögüt

Arghu:

Khalaj: söğət

Proto-Oghuz: *söɣüt

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: söyüd

Ottoman Turkish: سوگود (söğüt)

Gagauz: süüt

Turkish: söğüt

East Oghuz:

Salar:

Turkmen: söwüt

Karluk:

Karakhanid: سُكُتْ (sögüt)

Uyghur: سۆگەت (söget)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (sögüt)

Old Uyghur:

Western Yugur: sögüt, segit

North Siberian:

Dolgan: үөт (üöt)

Yakut: үөт (üöt)

South Siberian:

Yeniseian:

Khakas: сӧӧт

Akin to Proto-Tungusic *siakta (“willow”), compare Evenki секта (sekta), Even хят (hẹt) and Udihe сакта (sakta).


tūŕ

Proto-Mongolic: *dabusun?

Mongolian: ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ (dabusu)

Khalkha Mongolian: давс (davs)

Oghur:

Chuvash: тӑвар (tăvar)

Common Turkic:

Arghu:

Khalaj: tûz

Proto-Oghuz: *duz

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: duz

Ottoman Turkish: طوز (tuz)

Turkish: tuz

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: duz

Salar: duz

Karluk:

Uzbek: tuz

Uyghur: تۇز (tuz)

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: тоҙ (toź)

Tatar: тоз (toz)

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: туз, tuz

Karachay-Balkar: туз (tuz)

Kumyk: туз (tuz)

South Kipchak:

Karakalpak: дуз/duz

Kazakh: тұз (tūz)

Nogai: туз (tuz)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: туз (tuz)

Southern Altai: тус (tus)

Siberian:

North Siberian:

Dolgan: туус (tuus)

Yakut: туус (tuus)

South Siberian:

Sayan:

Tofa: тус (tus)

Tuvan: дус (dus)

Yeniseian:

Khakas: тус (tus)

Shor: тус (tus)

Nişanyan argues that the archaic form of the word is "tūbuz". This explains the form tăvar in Chuvash and Давс in Mongolian.
Compare Evenki турукэ (turukə).


yudruk

yudruk (nominative singular)
yudrukug (accusative singular)
yudruknï (accusative singular)
yudruknuŋ (genitive singular)
yudrukka (dative singular)
yudrukda (locative singular)
yudrukdan (ablative singular)
yudrukgaru (allative singular)
yudrukun (instrumental singular)
yudrukča (equative singular)
yudruklayu (singular)
yudruklugu (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Chuvash: чӑмӑр (čămăr) (< *yumur- (?))

Common Turkic: *yudruk

Arghu:

Khalaj: zumruq

Proto-Oghuz: *yumruk

Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (yumruq)

Azerbaijani: yumruq

Ottoman Turkish: یومروق (yumruk)

Gagauz: yumruk

Turkish: yumruk

→ Bulgarian: юмрук (jumruk)

Salar: yuğurdaq

Turkmen: ýumruk

Karluk:

Karakhanid: يُذْرُقْ (yuδruq)

Chagatai: [script needed] (yumruk)

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Tatar: йомрык (yomrıq), йодрык (yodrıq)

Bashkir: йоҙроҡ (yoźroq)

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: yumruq, yumrıq

Karachay-Balkar: джумдурукъ (cumduruq)

Karaim:

Kumyk: юмурукъ (yumuruq)

Urum: йумрух

Urum: йумрух

South Kipchak:

Caspian:

Karakalpak:

Kazakh: жұдырық (jūdyryq), жұмырық (jūmyryq)

Nogai: юмырык (yumırık)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: жудурук (juduruk)

Southern Altai: јудрук (ǰudruk)

Siberian:

Old Turkic:

Old Uyghur: yydrwq (yïdruq)

Western Yugur: [script needed] (uzïrïq)

North Siberian:

Yakut: сутурук (suturuk), сутурух (suturuq)

South Siberian:

Sayan:

Tofa: нюдуруӄ (ńuduruq)

Tuvan: чудурук (çuduruk)

Yeniseian:

Khakas: мунзурух (munzurux), нузурух (nuzurux)

Shor: [script needed] (nuzruq)

The ultimate origin is unknown. Even though suggested to be a derivation from *yum- (“to close (of eyes)”); Bashkir, Old Uyghur, Karakhanid and so on don't point it. As regards *ń-, Doerfer deemed only the comparison of Mongolic nudurga ‘fist’ and Turkic yudruk acceptable and claimed that the Mongolic form might have been dissimilated from *dudurga. In a later study in which he consonants had not undergone any changes during the formation of
Proto-Common-Turkic and Proto-Bulgar-Turkic, it is possible and quite likely that Proto-Turkic had the same initials *p-, *ń- and *d₂- aswell.
Compared to Proto-Mongolic *nidurga (“fist”) and Proto-Tungusic *nurga (“fist”). And also Korean 주먹 (jumeok, “fist”)


kerekü

kerekü (nominative singular)
kereküg (accusative singular)
kereküni (accusative singular)
kerekünüŋ (genitive singular)
kereküke (dative singular)
kereküde (locative singular)
kereküden (ablative singular)
kerekügerü (allative singular)
kerekün (instrumental singular)
kereküče (equative singular)
kereküleyü (singular)
kerekülügü (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Chuvash:

Common Turkic: *kerekü

Oghuz:

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: gerege

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (kerekü)

Uzbek: keraga

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: кирәгә (kirəgə)

South Kipchak:

Karakalpak: кереге (kerege)

Kazakh: кереге (kerege)

Nogai: кереге (kerege)

East Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: кереге (kerege)

Southern Altai: кереге (kerege)

Somehow similar to Proto-Mongolic *ger (“yurt, house”), whence also Mongolian гэр (ger, “yurt”).


tapïn-

Oghur:

Chuvash:

Common Turkic: *tapïn-

Proto-Oghuz: *tapïn-

West Oghuz:

Azerbaijani: tapınmaq

Ottoman Turkish: طاپنمق (tapınmak)

Turkish: tapınmak

Karluk:

Uyghur: [script needed] (tevin-)

Uzbek: topinmoq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: табыныу (tabınıw)

Tatar: табыну (tabınu)

Central Kipchak:

Karakalpak: [script needed] (tabın-)

Kazakh: табыну (tabynu)

Nogai: [script needed] (tabın-)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: табынуу (tabınuu)

Southern Altai: табынар (tabïnar)

From *tap- (“to worship, serve”) + *-ïn- (“reflexive suffix”).


todtur-

Oghur:

Chuvash: тӑрантар (tărant̬ar)

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Azerbaijani: doydurmaq

Kipchak:

East Kipchak:

Southern Altai: тойдырар (toydïrar)

From *tod- (“to be full”) + *-tur (“causative suffix”)

(Shaz)

(transitive) to saturate, feed, make someone full


tap-

Common Turkic: *tap-

Proto-Oghuz: *tap-

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Ottoman Turkish: طاپمق (tapmak)

Turkish: tapmak

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: tapmak

Kipchak:

South Kipchak:

Caspian:

Kazakh: табыну (tabynu)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: табынуу (tabınuu)

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (tap-)

Siberian

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (tap-)

desc

→ Proto-Mongolic: *taxï- (“to sacrifice”)

Nişanyan suggests that both etymologies may be one in the same and the original meaning may have been "to run around" comparing *tabïĺ-, *tabra- (“to run around, hurry, flee”).

(Common Turkic, intransitive) to worship, serve

tap-ïn-

to worship, (reflexive); see there for further descendants


tap-

Oghur:

Chuvash: туп (tup)

Common Turkic: *tap-

Proto-Oghuz: *tap-

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: tapmaq

Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (tapmaj)

Turkish: tapmak, dapmak (dialectal)

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: tapmak

Kipchak:

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: tapmaq

Karachay-Balkar: табаргъа (tabarğa)

Kumyk: [script needed] (tap)

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: табыу (tabıw)

Tatar: табу (tabu)

Central-Kipchak:

Karakalpak: [script needed] (tap-)

Kazakh: табу (tabu)

Nogai: табув (tabuv)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: табуу (tabuu)

Southern Altai: табар (tabar)

Karluk:

Uzbek: topmoq

Uyghur: تېپىش (tëpish)

Siberian:

South Siberian:

Yeniseian:

Khakas: табарға (tabarğa)

Shor: табарға (tabarğa)

Sayan:

Tofa: туъпар (tupar), туъфар (tufar)

Tuvan: тывар (tıvar)

→ Proto-Mongolic: *taxa- (“to guess”)


kurč

→? Proto-Mongolic: *kurca

Mongolian: хурц (xurc)

Oghur:

Chuvash: хурҫӑ (hurś̬ă, “steel”)

Common Turkic:

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: ҡорос (qoros, “steel”)

Tatar: корыч (qorıç, “steel”)

West Kipchak:

Karachay-Balkar: къурч (qurç, “steel”)

Kumyk: къурч (qurç, “brisk, vigorous”)

South Kipchak:

Kazakh: құрыш (qūryş, “steel”)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: курч (kurc, “steel; sharp”)

Southern Altai: курч (kurč, “sharp”)

Siberian:

Old Uyghur: qurč (firm: stout)

Nugteren compares the word to Proto-Mongolic *kurca (“sharp”), whence also Mongolian хурц (xurc, “sharp”).


bālïkčï

bālïkčï (nominative singular)
bālïkčïg (accusative singular)
bālïkčïnï (accusative singular)
bālïkčïnïŋ (genitive singular)
bālïkčïka (dative singular)
bālïkčïda (locative singular)
bālïkčïdan (ablative singular)
bālïkčïgaru (allative singular)
bālïkčïn (instrumental singular)
bālïkčïča (equative singular)
bālïkčïlayu (singular)
bālïkčïlïgu (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Chuvash: пулӑҫӑ (pulăś̬ă)

Common Turkic:

Proto-Oghuz: *bālïkčï

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: balıqçı

desctree

Ottoman Turkish: بالقجی (balıkçı)
Turkish: balıkçı
→ Armenian: պալըխճի (paləxči), բալըխչի (baləxčʻi)
→ Ladino: balukchí
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Latin script: balùgdžija
Cyrillic script: балу̀гџија

Gagauz: balıkçı

East Oghuz:

Salar:

Turkmen: bālykçy

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (balıqçı)

Uyghur: بېلىقچى (bëliqchi)

Uzbek: baliqchi

Kypchak:

North Kypchak:

Bashkir: балыҡсы (balıqsı)

Tatar: балыкчы (balıqçı)

Kypchak-Cuman:

Crimean Tatar: balıqçı

Kumyk: балыкъчы (balıqçı)

Kypchak-Nogai:

Kazakh: балықшы (balyqşy)

Karakalpak: balıqşı

Kyrgyz–Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: балыкчы (balıkcı)

Southern Altai: балыкчы (balïkčï)

Siberian:

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (balïqčï)

North Siberian:

Yakut: балыксыт (balıksıt)

Dolgan: балыксыт (balıksıt)

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tuvan: балыкчы (balıkçı)

From *bālïk (“fish”) + *-čï (“occupational suffix”).


ạrïg

Mongolic:

→? Proto-Mongolic: *arïxun (< *arïgun) (?)

Mongolian: ариун (ariun)

Oghur:

Chuvash: ырӑ (yră, “good”)

Common Turkic:

Arghu:

Khalaj: arığ

Proto-Oghuz: *ạrïɣ

West Oghuz:

Azerbaijani: arı

Ottoman Turkish: آری (arı)

Turkish: arı

Karluk:

Uzbek: ori'

Kipchak:

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: aruv (“good”)

South Kipchak:

Kazakh: ару (aru)

East Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: аруу (aruu)

Southern Altai: ару (aru)

Siberian:

Old Uyghur:

Western Yugur: arïɣ

North Siberian:

⇒ Dolgan: ыраас (ıraas)

⇒ Yakut: ыраас (ıraas)

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tuvan: арыг (arıg)

Yenisei Turkic:

Khakas: арығ (arığ)

Shor: арығ (arığ)

From *ạrï- (“to be clean; to clean, purify”) + *-g.


-gün

ini (“younger brother”) + *-gün → *inigünüm (“my younger brothers”)

Suffix creating plurality for human beings


tüpkür-

Oghur:

Chuvash:

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: tüpürmək, tüfürmək

Ottoman Turkish: توكورمك (tükürmek)

Turkish: tükürmek

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: tüýkürmek

Salar: tükürgüsi

Karluk:

Uzbek: tupurmoq

Uyghur: تۈكۈرمەك (tükürmek)

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: төкөрөү (tököröw)

Tatar: төкерү (tökerü)

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: tükürmek

Kumyk: тюкюрмек (tükürmek)

Karachay-Balkar: тюкюрюрге (tükürürge)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Southern Altai: тӱкӱрер (tükürer)

Teleut тӱкӱр (tükür-)

Kyrgyz: түкүрүү (tükürüü)

South Kipchak:

Karakalpak: түкиру (tükıru)

Kazakh: түкіру (tükıru)

desc

Nogai: туькуьруьв (tükürüv)

Nogai: туькуьруьв (tükürüv)

Siberian:

South Siberian:

Sayan:

Tofa: түккүр (tükkür-)

Tuvan: дүкпүр (dükpür), түкпүр (tükpür)

Yenisei:

Shor: тӱкӱр (tükür-)

Khakas: тӱкӱр (tükür)

From *tüp- + *-kür. The root either further related with Proto-Tungusic *tupi- (“to spit”) (whence also Nanai топин- (topin-)) , or a widespread onotamopoetic.


čümeli

čümeli (nominative singular)
čümelig (accusative singular)
čümelini (accusative singular)
čümeliniŋ (genitive singular)
čümelike (dative singular)
čümelide (locative singular)
čümeliden (ablative singular)
čümeligerü (allative singular)
čümelin (instrumental singular)
čümeliče (equative singular)
čümelileyü (singular)
čümeliligü (comitative singular)

Karluk:

Chigil: جُمالىٖ (çümeli)

Uyghur: چۈمۈلە (chümüle)

Uzbek: chumoli

Kipchak: [script needed] (čümeli)

North Kipchak:

Tatar: [script needed] (čümöldü)

South Kipchak:

Southern Altai: чымалы (čïmalï)

Siberian:

South Siberian:

Sayan:

Tuvan: шымыл (şımıl, “maggot”)


karïnčga

karïnčga (nominative singular)
karïnčgag (accusative singular)
karïnčganï (accusative singular)
karïnčganïŋ (genitive singular)
karïnčgaka (dative singular)
karïnčgada (locative singular)
karïnčgadan (ablative singular)
karïnčgagaru (allative singular)
karïnčgan (instrumental singular)
karïnčgača (equative singular)
karïnčgalayu (singular)
karïnčgalïgu (comitative singular)

Oghuz: قَرِنْجَقْ (karınčak), قَرِنْجا (karınčā)

Old Anatolian Turkish: قارِنْجَ (qarïnja)

Azerbaijani: qarınca, qarışqa

Ottoman Turkish: قرنجه

Gagauz: karımca

Turkish: karınca

→ Crimean Tatar: qarınca

Turkmen: garynja／قارنچغه

Karluk:

Khorezmian Turkic: [script needed] (karïnčka)

Siberian:

Khakas: харчых (xarçıx, “tick”)


tāt

tāt (nominative singular)
tātïg (accusative singular)
tātnï (accusative singular)
tātnïŋ (genitive singular)
tātka (dative singular)
tātda (locative singular)
tātdan (ablative singular)
tātgaru (allative singular)
tātïn (instrumental singular)
tātča (equative singular)
tātlayu (singular)
tātlïgu (comitative singular)

Oghur:

→ Hungarian: tót (“Slovak”)

Common Turkic:

Arghu:

Khalaj: tât

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: tat

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: tat

→? English: Tat

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (tat)

Chagatai: [script needed] (tat)

Uyghur: [script needed] (Tat)

Kipchak: [script needed] (tat)

West Kipchak:

Karaim: тат

Siberian:

Old Turkic: 𐱃𐱃 (tat, “alien; Persian”)

Old Uyghur: tʾt (“Persian”)

Western Yugur: tat (“Tibetan; Eastern Yughur”)


tǖs

tǖs (nominative singular)
tǖsüg (accusative singular)
tǖsni (accusative singular)
tǖsnüŋ (genitive singular)
tǖske (dative singular)
tǖsde (locative singular)
tǖsden (ablative singular)
tǖsgerü (allative singular)
tǖsün (instrumental singular)
tǖsče (equative singular)
tǖsleyü (singular)
tǖslügü (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Chuvash: тӗс (tĕs)

Common Turkic: *tǖs

Karluk:

Uyghur: تۈس (tüs)

Uzbek: tus

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: төҫ (töś)

Tatar: төс (tös)

East Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: түс (tüs)

South Kipchak:

Kazakh: түс (tüs)

Nogai: туьс (tüs)

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: tüs


kām

kām (nominative singular)
kāmïg (accusative singular)
kāmnï (accusative singular)
kāmnïŋ (genitive singular)
kāmka (dative singular)
kāmda (locative singular)
kāmdan (ablative singular)
kāmgaru (allative singular)
kāmïn (instrumental singular)
kāmča (equative singular)
kāmlayu (singular)
kāmlïgu (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Chuvash: юмӑҫ (jumăś)

Common Turkic: *kām

Oghuz:

Turkish: kam

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (kām)

→ Persian: قام (qâm)

Kipchak:

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Southern Altai: кам (kam)

Siberian:

North Siberian:

⇒ Dolgan: камнаа (kamnaa)

⇒ Yakut: хамнаа (qamnaa), хамсаа (qamsaa)

South Siberian:

Sayan:

Tofa: һам (ham)

Tuvan: хам (xam)

Yeniseian:

Khakas: хам (xam)

Shor: қам (qam)


tur-

Oghur:

Chuvash: тӑр (tăr)

Common Turkic:

Arghu:

Khalaj: turmaq

Proto-Oghuz: *dur-

West Oghuz:

Azerbaijani: durmaq, -dir

Ottoman Turkish: طورمق (durmak)

Turkish: durmak, -dir

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: durmak

Karluk:

Uyghur: تۇرماق (turmaq)

Uzbek: turmoq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: тороу (torow)

Tatar: туру (turu)

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: turmaq

Karachay-Balkar: турарга (turarga)

Kumyk: турмакъ (turmaq)

South Kipchak:

Karakalpak: [script needed] (tur-)

Kazakh: тұру (tūru)

Nogai: турув (turuv)

East Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: туруу (turuu)

Southern Altai: турар (turar)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (tur-)

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (tur-)

Western Yugur: tur

North Siberian:

Dolgan: тур (tur)

Yakut: тур (tur)

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tuvan: турар (turar), тур (tur)

Yenisei:

Khakas: турарға (turarğa)

Shor: турарға (turarğa)


yaŋïl-

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

desctree

Ottoman Turkish: یاڭلمق (yañılmak)
Turkish: yanılmak

Siberian:

Old Turkic: 𐰖𐰭𐰞 (yaŋïl-)

Common Turkic: *yaŋlïš

Oghuz:

Azerbaijani: yanlış

Ottoman Turkish: یاكلیش (yañlış), یاڭلش (yañlış)
Turkish: yanlış
→ Albanian: janglaish
→ Aromanian: ianglãshi, ianglãshe, ianglãshã
→ Bulgarian: янлъш (janlǎš)
→ Macedonian: јанлаш (janlaš), јалнаш (jalnaš)
→ Serbo-Croatian: ја̀нлиш／jànliš

Turkmen: ýalňyş

Karluk:

Uzbek: yanglish

Kipchak:

North Kipchak

Bashkir: яңылыш (yañılış)

Tatar: ялгыш (yalgış)

West Kipchak

Crimean Tatar: yañlış

desc

Kumyk: янгылыш (yañılış)

Kumyk: янгылыш (yañılış)

South Kipchak

Kazakh: жаңылыс (jañylys)

East Kipchak

Kyrgyz: жаңылыш (jaŋılış)

⇒ Southern Altai: јаҥылчы (ǰaŋïlčï)

Common Turkic: *yaŋluk

Siberian

Old Turkic: [script needed] (yaŋluk)

(intransitive) to mistake, make an error, be wrong


bït

Oghur:

Chuvash: пыйтӑ (pyjt̬ă)

Arghu:

Khalaj: bit

Oghuz:

Azerbaijani: bit

Ottoman Turkish: بت (bit), بیت (bit)

Turkish: bit

Turkmen: bit

Karluk:

Karakhanid: بِتْ (bit)

Uyghur: پىت (pit)

Uzbek: bit

Kipchak:

Kipchak–Bulgar:

Bashkir: бет (bet)

Tatar: бет (bet), bet

Kipchak–Nogai:

Kazakh: бит (bit)

Nogai: бийт (biyt)

Kyrgyz–Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: бит (bit)

Southern Altai: бийт (biyt)

Kipchak-Cuman:

Crimean Tatar: бит, bit

Karaim: бит

Krymchak: бит

Siberian:

Northern Siberian:

Yakut: быт (bıt)

South Siberian:

Tuvan: быт (bıt)

Yenisei:

Shor: пит


bāĺ

bāĺ (nominative singular)
bāĺïg (accusative singular)
bāĺnï (accusative singular)
bāĺnïŋ (genitive singular)
bāĺka (dative singular)
bāĺta (locative singular)
bāĺtan (ablative singular)
bāĺgaru (allative singular)
bāĺïn (instrumental singular)
bāĺča (equative singular)
bāĺlayu (singular)
bāĺlïgu (comitative singular)

Oghuz:

Ottoman Turkish: باش (baş)

Turkish: baş

Turkmen: bāş

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (bāş)

Siberian:

Old Turkic:

Old Uyghur: bʾš

North Siberian:

Dolgan: баас

Yakut: баас (baas)

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tuvan: баис (bais)

EDAL reconstructs it as *bāĺč on the basis of Chuvash пиҫĕк (piśĕk, “inflammation”), however per Yegorov and Fedotov, that is from пиҫ (piś, “to cook”) from *biĺč-.


ōyna-

trk-cmn-conj-head

ōynadačï ben, ōynamakčï ben, ōynayačak ben

ōynadačï sen, ōynamakčï sen, ōynayačak sen

ōynadačï biz, ōynamakčï biz, ōynayačak biz

ōynadačï siz, ōynamakčï siz, ōynayačak siz

ōynamak (infinitive)
ōynagan (participle present)
ōynagma (participle present)
ōynar (participle present)
ōynaduk (participle past)
ōynamïš (participle past)
ōynadačï (future participle)
ōynamakčï (future participle)
ōynasïk (future participle)
ōynayačak (future participle)
ōynama (noun-from-verb)
ōynag (noun-from-verb)
ōynagu (noun-from-verb)
ōynaš (adverbial)
ōynar ben (aorist indicative singular)
ōynar sen (aorist indicative singular)
ōynar (aorist indicative singular)
ōynar biz (aorist indicative plural)
ōynar siz (aorist indicative plural)
ōynar (aorist indicative plural)
ōynadïm (indicative past singular)
ōynadïŋ (indicative past singular)
ōynadï (indicative past singular)
ōynadïk (indicative past plural)
ōynadïmïz (indicative past plural)
ōynadïŋïz (indicative past plural)
ōynadï (indicative past plural)
ōynamïš ben (indicative inferential past singular)
ōynamïš sen (indicative inferential past singular)
ōynamïš (indicative inferential past singular)
ōynamïš biz (indicative inferential past plural)
ōynamïš siz (indicative inferential past plural)
ōynamïš (indicative inferential past plural)
ōynadačï ben (future indicative singular)
ōynamakčï ben (future indicative singular)
ōynayačak ben (future indicative singular)
ōynadačï sen (future indicative singular)
ōynamakčï sen (future indicative singular)
ōynayačak sen (future indicative singular)
ōynadačï (future indicative singular)
ōynamakčï (future indicative singular)
ōynayačak (future indicative singular)
ōynadačï biz (future indicative plural)
ōynamakčï biz (future indicative plural)
ōynayačak biz (future indicative plural)
ōynadačï siz (future indicative plural)
ōynamakčï siz (future indicative plural)
ōynayačak siz (future indicative plural)
ōynadačï (future indicative plural)
ōynamakčï (future indicative plural)
ōynayačak (future indicative plural)
ōynagay ben (future indicative singular)
ōynagay sen (future indicative singular)
ōynagay (future indicative singular)
ōynagay biz (future indicative plural)
ōynagay siz (future indicative plural)
ōynagay (future indicative plural)
ōynasïkïm (future indicative singular)
ōynasïkïŋ (future indicative singular)
ōynasïk (future indicative singular)
ōynasïkïmïz (future indicative plural)
ōynasïkïŋïz (future indicative plural)
ōynasïk (future indicative plural)
ōynasam (conditional singular)
ōynasar ben (conditional singular)
ōynasaŋ (conditional singular)
ōynasar sen (conditional singular)
ōynasa (conditional singular)
ōynasar (conditional singular)
ōynasak (conditional plural)
ōynasamïz (conditional plural)
ōynasar biz (conditional plural)
ōynasaŋïz (conditional plural)
ōynasar siz (conditional plural)
ōynasalar (conditional plural)
ōynasar (conditional plural)
ōynagay ben (optative singular)
ōynagay sen (optative singular)
ōynagay (optative singular)
ōynagay biz (optative plural)
ōynagay siz (optative plural)
ōynagay (optative plural)
ōynamakda ben (progressive singular)
ōynamakda sen (progressive singular)
ōynamakda (progressive singular)
ōynamakda biz (plural progressive)
ōynamakda siz (plural progressive)
ōynamakda (plural progressive)
ōynamalïg ben (necessitative singular)
ōynamalïg sen (necessitative singular)
ōynamalïg (necessitative singular)
ōynamalïg biz (necessitative plural)
ōynamalïg siz (necessitative plural)
ōynamalïg (necessitative plural)
ōynayayïn (imperative singular)
ōyna (imperative singular)
ōynagïl (imperative singular)
ōynazun (imperative singular)
ōynayalïm (imperative plural)
ōynayïŋ (imperative plural)
ōynazun (imperative plural)
ōynamamak (infinitive negative)
ōynamagan (negative participle present)
ōynamagma (negative participle present)
ōynamaz (negative participle present)
ōynamaduk (negative participle past)
ōynamamïš (negative participle past)
ōynamačï (future negative participle)
ōynamasïk (future negative participle)
ōynamayačak (future negative participle)
ōynamama (negative noun-from-verb)
ōynamag (negative noun-from-verb)
ōynamagu (negative noun-from-verb)
ōynamaš (adverbial negative)
ōynamaz ben (aorist indicative negative singular)
ōynamaz sen (aorist indicative negative singular)
ōynamaz (aorist indicative negative singular)
ōynamaz biz (aorist indicative negative plural)
ōynamaz siz (aorist indicative negative plural)
ōynamaz (aorist indicative negative plural)
ōynamadïm (indicative negative past singular)
ōynamadïŋ (indicative negative past singular)
ōynamadï (indicative negative past singular)
ōynamadïk (indicative negative past plural)
ōynamadïmïz (indicative negative past plural)
ōynamadïŋïz (indicative negative past plural)
ōynamadï (indicative negative past plural)
ōynamamïš ben (indicative inferential negative past singular)
ōynamamïš sen (indicative inferential negative past singular)
ōynamamïš (indicative inferential negative past singular)
ōynamamïš biz (indicative inferential negative past plural)
ōynamamïš siz (indicative inferential negative past plural)
ōynamamïš (indicative inferential negative past plural)
ōynamačï ben (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamayačak ben (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamačï sen (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamayačak sen (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamačï (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamayačak (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamačï biz (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamayačak biz (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamačï siz (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamayačak siz (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamačï (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamayačak (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamagay ben (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamagay sen (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamagay (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamagay biz (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamagay siz (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamagay (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamasïkïm (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamasïkïŋ (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamasïk (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamasïkïmïz (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamasïkïŋïz (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamasïk (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamasam (conditional negative singular)
ōynamasar ben (conditional negative singular)
ōynamasaŋ (conditional negative singular)
ōynamasar sen (conditional negative singular)
ōynamasa (conditional negative singular)
ōynamasar (conditional negative singular)
ōynamasak (conditional negative plural)
ōynamasamïz (conditional negative plural)
ōynamasar biz (conditional negative plural)
ōynamasaŋïz (conditional negative plural)
ōynamasar siz (conditional negative plural)
ōynamasalar (conditional negative plural)
ōynamasar (conditional negative plural)
ōynamagay ben (negative optative singular)
ōynamagay sen (negative optative singular)
ōynamagay (negative optative singular)
ōynamagay biz (negative optative plural)
ōynamagay siz (negative optative plural)
ōynamagay (negative optative plural)
ōynamamakda ben (negative progressive singular)
ōynamamakda sen (negative progressive singular)
ōynamamakda (negative progressive singular)
ōynamamakda biz (negative plural progressive)
ōynamamakda siz (negative plural progressive)
ōynamamakda (negative plural progressive)
ōynamamalïg ben (necessitative negative singular)
ōynamamalïg sen (necessitative negative singular)
ōynamamalïg (necessitative negative singular)
ōynamamalïg biz (necessitative negative plural)
ōynamamalïg siz (necessitative negative plural)
ōynamamalïg (necessitative negative plural)
ōynamayayïn (imperative negative singular)
ōynama (imperative negative singular)
ōynamagïl (imperative negative singular)
ōynamazun (imperative negative singular)
ōynamayalïm (imperative negative plural)
ōynamayïŋ (imperative negative plural)
ōynamazun (imperative negative plural)

Common Turkic:

Arghu:

Khalaj: oynamaq

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Azerbaijani: oynamaq

Ottoman Turkish: اوینامق (oynamak)

Turkish: oynamak

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: oýnamak

Karluk:

Uyghur: ئوينىماق (oynimaq)

Uzbek: oʻynamoq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: уйнау (uynaw)

Tatar: уйнау (uynaw)

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: oynamaq

Kumyk: ойнамакъ (oynamaq)

South Kipchak:

Karakalpak: [script needed] (oyna-)

Kazakh: ойнау (oinau)

East Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: ойноо (oynoo)

Southern Altai: ойноор (oynoor)

Siberian:

Old Turkic:

Old Uyghur: wynʾ- (oyna-)

North Siberian:

desc

Dolgan: оойноо (ooynoo), оойньоо (ooyńoo)

Yakut: оонньоо (oonnyoo)

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tuvan: ойнаар (oynaar)

Yenisei:

Khakas: ойнирға (oynirğa)

Shor: турарға (turarğa)


keleŕ

keleŕ (nominative singular)
keleŕig (accusative singular)
keleŕni (accusative singular)
keleŕniŋ (genitive singular)
keleŕke (dative singular)
keleŕte (locative singular)
keleŕten (ablative singular)
keleŕgerü (allative singular)
keleŕin (instrumental singular)
keleŕče (equative singular)
keleŕleyü (singular)
keleŕligü (comitative singular)

In light of Cypriot Turkish kelte and Chuvash калта (kalt̬a), some suggest a *kel- root, however considering attestation and morphology, this is unlikely, Nishanyan suggests a borrowing from Persian کلته (kalte, “lame”), compare also Kazakh келтә (keltä, “short”) from Persian.


tāl-

Common Turkic:

Proto-Oghuz: *dāl-

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: dalmaq (“to dive”)

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: dalmak (“to dive”)

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: dālmak (dial)

North Kipchak:

Tatar: талау (talaw) (dial)

West Kipchak:

Karaim: [script needed] (dal-)

𐱃𐰞𐰆𐰖

*tāluy (“sea, ocean”) (if not < MC 大灅 (dầj-lwi)); Old Turkic


bȫl-

Arghu:

Khalaj: bö̂lmək

Karluk:

Uyghur: بۆلمەك (bölmek)

Uzbek: boʻlmoq

Kipchak:

South Kipchak:

Kazakh: бөлу (bölu)

Nogai: боьлуьв (bölüv)

East Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: бөлүү (bölüü)

Southern Altai: бӧлӧр (bölör)

Oghuz:

Azerbaijani: bölmək

Ottoman Turkish: بولمك (bölmek)

Turkish: bölmek

Turkmen: bölmek


eŋ

eŋ *bedük.


eŋ

Oghur:

Chuvash:

Common Turkic: *eŋ

Proto-Oghuz: *eŋ

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: ən

Ottoman Turkish: اڭ (eŋ)
Turkish: en

Gagauz: en

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: iň

Karluk:

Uzbek: eng

Uyghur: ئەڭ (eng)

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: иң (iñ)

Tatar: иң (iñ)

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: eñ

Karachay-Balkar: эм (em)

Kumyk: инг (iñ)

South Kipchak:

Kazakh: ең (eñ)

Karakalpak: ең (eŋ)

Nogai: энъ (éñ)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: эң (eŋ)

Southern Altai: эң

Siberian:

Old Turkic: 𐰭 (ŋ /eŋ/)

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (eŋ)

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tofa: эӈ (eŋ)

Tuvan: эң (eñ)

Yenisei Turkic:

Khakas: иң (iñ)


kömürgen

kömürgen (nominative singular)
kömürgenig (accusative singular)
kömürgenni (accusative singular)
kömürgenniŋ (genitive singular)
kömürgenke (dative singular)
kömürgente (locative singular)
kömürgenten (ablative singular)
kömürgengerü (allative singular)
kömürgenin (instrumental singular)
kömürgenče (equative singular)
kömürgenleyü (singular)
kömürgenligü (comitative singular)

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Ottoman Turkish: كومرن (kömüren)

Turkish: kömüren

Gagauz: kömüren

Kipchak:

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: көбүргөн (köbürgön)

Southern Altai: кӧбӱрген (köbürgen)

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (kövürgen), [script needed] (kömürgen), [script needed] (kevürken)

Siberian:

South Siberian:

Yeniseian:

Khakas: кӧбiрген

Shor: кӧбӱрген (köbürgen)

Sayan:

Tofa: көгирҺен (kögirhen)

Tuvan: көгүрөн (kögürön) (dial.)

From *kömür + *-gen, the root word of which is obscure and may be a borrowing, Clauson suggests that Proto-Mongolic *kömeli (“wild onion”) may be borrowed from the same source.
The medial consonant is uncertain, descendants suggest either the consonant *-b- or *-m-. Some sources also reconstruct the first vowel as *-e- instead of *-ö- due to an instance of kewürken in the DLT.


bodun

bodun (nominative singular)
bodunug (accusative singular)
bodunnï (accusative singular)
bodunnuŋ (genitive singular)
bodunka (dative singular)
bodunta (locative singular)
boduntan (ablative singular)
bodungaru (allative singular)
bodunun (instrumental singular)
bodunča (equative singular)
bodunlayu (singular)
bodunlugu (comitative singular)

Karluk:

Karakhanid: بُذُونْ (buδūn)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: 𐰉𐰆𐰑𐰣 (bodun)

Old Uyghur: pwdwn (bodun)

Most probably from *bod (“kin, tribe”) + *-un (“ancient plural-forming suffix”).


yạ̄z-

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

⇒ Azerbaijani: yazıq

Ottoman Turkish:

⇒ Gagauz: yazık

⇒ Turkish: yazık

Turkmen: ýāzmak, ýāzyk

Karluk:

Karakhanid:

Chagatai:

Uzbek: yozmoq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak

Tatar: язу (yazu)

Bashkir: яҙыу (yaźıw)

West Kipchak:

Karachay-Balkar: джазыу (cazıu)

⇒ Kumyk: [script needed] (yazıq)

South Kipchak:

Kazakh: жазу (jazu)

Karakalpak: жазыў

⇒ Nogai: [script needed] (yazıq)

East Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: жазуу (jazuu)

Southern Altai: [script needed] (d́as-)

Siberian:

North Siberian:

Dolgan: һыыс

Yakut: сыыс (sııs)

South Siberian:

Sayan:

Tuvan: [script needed] (čas-)

Yenisei:

Khakas: [script needed] (čas-)


öd(r)eŋi

ödeŋi (canonical)
ödeŋi (nominative singular)
ödreŋi (nominative singular)
ödeŋig (accusative singular)
ödreŋig (accusative singular)
ödeŋini (accusative singular)
ödreŋini (accusative singular)
ödeŋiniŋ (genitive singular)
ödreŋiniŋ (genitive singular)
ödeŋike (dative singular)
ödreŋike (dative singular)
ödeŋide (locative singular)
ödreŋide (locative singular)
ödeŋiden (ablative singular)
ödreŋiden (ablative singular)
ödeŋigerü (allative singular)
ödreŋigerü (allative singular)
ödeŋin (instrumental singular)
ödreŋin (instrumental singular)
ödeŋiče (equative singular)
ödreŋiče (equative singular)
ödeŋileyü (singular)
ödreŋileyü (singular)
ödeŋiligü (comitative singular)
ödreŋiligü (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Chuvash: вӗрене (vĕrene)

Common Turkic:

Karluk:

Uyghur: ئېرەن (ëren)

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: өйәңкә (öyəñkə)

Tatar: өрәңге (öräñge)

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: örge

Karachay-Balkar: юрге (yurge)

Kumyk: уьрге (ürge)

South Kipchak:

Kazakh: үйеңкі (üieñkı)


siŋir

siŋir (nominative singular)
siŋirig (accusative singular)
siŋirni (accusative singular)
siŋirniŋ (genitive singular)
siŋirke (dative singular)
siŋirte (locative singular)
siŋirten (ablative singular)
siŋirgerü (allative singular)
siŋirin (instrumental singular)
siŋirče (equative singular)
siŋirleyü (singular)
siŋirligü (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Chuvash: шӑнӑр (šănăr)

Common Turkic:

Proto-Oghuz: *siŋir

West Oghuz:

Azerbaijani: sinir

desctree

Ottoman Turkish: سڭیر (siŋir), سݣر (siñir), سینیر (sinir)
Turkish: sinir
→ Armenian: սինիր (sinir)

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: siňir

Karluk:

Karakhanid: سِنکِرْ (siŋir)

Uyghur: سىڭىر (si'ngir)

Uzbek: singir

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: һеңер (heñer)

Tatar: сеңер (señer)

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: siñir

Karachay-Balkar: сингир (siñir)

Kumyk: сингир (siñir)

South Kipchak:

Nogai: синъир (siñir)

Kazakh: сіңір (sıñır)

East Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: сиңир (siŋir)

Southern Altai: сиҥир (siŋir)

Teleut: сиңир (siŋir)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (siŋir)

North Siberian:

Dolgan: иҥиир (iñiir)

Yakut: иҥиир (iñiir)

South Siberian:

Sayan:

Tofa: сиир (siir)

Tuvan: сиир (siir)

Yeniseian:

Khakas: сиир (siir)

Possibly related to Proto-Mongolic *sindasun (“sinew”), whence also Mongolian шандас (šandas).


tekiŕ

Oghur:

Chuvash: тагӑр (tagăr)

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: tekīz

Karluk:

Uzbek: tekis

Uyghur: تېكىس (tëkis)

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: тигеҙ (tigeź)

Tatar: тигез (tigez)

→ Chuvash: тикӗс (tik̬ĕs)

South Kipchak:

Caspian:

Kazakh: тегіс (tegıs)

Karakalpak: тегис (tegis)

Nogai: тегис (tegis)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: тегиз (tegiz)

Siberian:

Northern Altai: тегис (tegis)


sögil

sögil (nominative singular)
sögilig (accusative singular)
sögilni (accusative singular)
sögilniŋ (genitive singular)
sögilke (dative singular)
sögilte (locative singular)
sögilten (ablative singular)
sögilgerü (allative singular)
sögilin (instrumental singular)
sögilče (equative singular)
sögilleyü (singular)
sögilligü (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Chuvash: шӑклӑ (šăklă)

Common Turkic:

Arghu:

Khalaj: siyil

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: ziyil
→ Persian: زگیل (zegil)

Ottoman Turkish: سگیل (siğil)

Turkish: siğil

Salar: süle, süli

Turkmen: siňňil

Karluk:

Uzbek: soʻgal

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: һөйәл (höyəl)

Tatar: сөял (söyal)

West Kipchak:

Kumyk: сюел (süyel)

South Kipchak:

Nogai: шүйел

Kazakh: сүйел (süiel)

East Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: сөөл (sööl)

Southern Altai: сӧӧл (sööl)

Siberian:

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (sögöl)

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tofa: сөөл (sööl)

Tuvan: сөөл (sööl)

Yenisei:

Khakas: сӧӧл


čortan

čortan (nominative singular)
čortanïg (accusative singular)
čortannï (accusative singular)
čortannïŋ (genitive singular)
čortanka (dative singular)
čortanta (locative singular)
čortantan (ablative singular)
čortangaru (allative singular)
čortanïn (instrumental singular)
čortanča (equative singular)
čortanlayu (singular)
čortanlïgu (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Chuvash: ҫӑртан (śărt̬an)

Common Turkic:

Proto-Oghuz: *čortan

West Oghuz:

Turkish: çortan

Karluk:

Uyghur: چورتان (chortan)

Uzbek: choʻrtan

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: суртан (surtan)

Tatar: чуртан (çurtan)

West Kipchak:

Kumyk: чортан (çortan)

South Kipchak:

Kazakh: шортан (şortan)

Nogai: шортан (şortan)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: чортон (corton)

Southern Altai: чортон (čorton)

Siberian:

North Siberian:

Dolgan: һордоҥ (hordoñ)

Yakut: сордоҥ (sordoñ)

South Siberian:

Yenisei Turkic:

Khakas: сортан (sortan)

Shor: шортан (şortan)

Sayan Turkic:

Tuvan: шортан (şortan)

Likely comparable to Proto-Mongolic *curukaï (“pike”) and Proto-Tungusic *čōr- (“pike”). Thus, analyzable as *čor- + *-tan.
Compare Mongolian цурхай (curxaj, “pike”) and Solon соралди (soraldi, “pike”).


urkan

urkan (nominative singular)
urkanïg (accusative singular)
urkannï (accusative singular)
urkannïŋ (genitive singular)
urkanka (dative singular)
urkanta (locative singular)
urkantan (ablative singular)
urkangaru (allative singular)
urkanïn (instrumental singular)
urkanča (equative singular)
urkanlayu (singular)
urkanlïgu (comitative singular)

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: urğan (dial.)

Ottoman Turkish: اورغان (urgan)

Gagauz: urgan

Turkish: urgan

Salar: urqan

Turkmen: urgan

→ Karakalpak: [script needed] (urqan)

From *ur- (“to hit; to place”) + *-gan. Cognate with *uruk (“rope”). According to Clauson, unrelated to *ȫrk and *ȫrken which are instead from *ȫr- (“to plait”). Relation to *arkan (“rope”) is uncertain.


ukruk

ukruk (nominative singular)
ukrukug (accusative singular)
ukruknï (accusative singular)
ukruknuŋ (genitive singular)
ukrukka (dative singular)
ukrukda (locative singular)
ukrukdan (ablative singular)
ukrukgaru (allative singular)
ukrukun (instrumental singular)
ukrukča (equative singular)
ukruklayu (singular)
ukruklugu (comitative singular)

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: ukuruk

Karluk:

Karakhanid: اُقْرُقْ (uqruq)

Uyghur: [script needed] (oquruq)

Uzbek: qoʻruq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: ҡороҡ (qoroq)

Tatar: курык (qurıq)

Central Kipchak:

Kazakh: құрық (qūryq)

Nogai: [script needed] (qurıq)

East Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: укурук (ukuruk)

Southern Altai: урук (uruk)

Siberian:

North Siberian:

desc

Yakut: оҕуур (oğuur, “lasso”), оҕурук (oğuruk, “fetter”)

→ Proto-Mongolic: *uxurga (“lasso pole”)

Doerfer suggests three possibilities:
# Related to *uruk, however Clauson doesn't connect the two on the basis of semantics and morphology.
# A compound *ok (“arrow”) + *uruk (“rope”).
# A diminutive from *okur ~ *ukur based on Yakut оҕуур (oğuur, “lasso”).


kibente

kibente (nominative singular)
kibenteg (accusative singular)
kibenteni (accusative singular)
kibenteniŋ (genitive singular)
kibenteke (dative singular)
kibentede (locative singular)
kibenteden (ablative singular)
kibentegerü (allative singular)
kibenten (instrumental singular)
kibenteče (equative singular)
kibenteleyü (singular)
kibenteligü (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Chuvash: кӗвенте (kĕvent̬e)

Kipchak:

South Kipchak:

Kazakh: күйенте (küiente)

Nort Kipchak:

Bashkir: көйәнтә (köyəntə)

Tatar: көянтә (köyantä)


kï̄n

kï̄n (nominative singular)
kï̄nïg (accusative singular)
kï̄nnï (accusative singular)
kï̄nnïŋ (genitive singular)
kï̄nka (dative singular)
kï̄nta (locative singular)
kï̄ntan (ablative singular)
kï̄ngaru (allative singular)
kï̄nïn (instrumental singular)
kï̄nča (equative singular)
kï̄nlayu (singular)
kï̄nlïgu (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Chuvash: йӗнӗ (jĕnĕ)

Common Turkic:

Proto-Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Azerbaijani: qın

Ottoman Turkish: قین (kın)

Turkish: kın

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: gyn

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (qın)

Uyghur: قىن (qin)

Uzbek: qin

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: ҡын (qın)

Tatar: кын (qın)

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: qın

Karaim: kyn

Karachay-Balkar: къын (qın)

Kumyk: къын (qın)

South Kipchak:

Karakalpak: qın

Kazakh: қын (qyn)

Nogai: кын (kın)

East Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: кын (kın)

Southern Altai: кын (kïn)

Siberian:

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (qïn)

Western Yugur: qïn

Northern Altai: кын (kïn)

North Siberian:

Dolgan: кыын (kıın)

Yakut: кыын (kıın)

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tofa: һын (hın)

Tuvan: хын (xın)

Yenisei:

Khakas: хын (xın)

Shor: қын (qın)


bilegü

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: bülöv

Ottoman Turkish: بلگو (bileği, bileğü)

Turkish: bileği

Salar: bili

Turkmen: bilew


bütegü

From Proto-Turkic *büt- (“to end, finish”) + *-egü.


bütegü

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: bütöv, bitev (dial.), pütöy (dial.)

Ottoman Turkish: بیتوی (bitevi)

Turkish: bitevi

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: бөтәү (bötəw)

West Kipchak:

Karachay-Balkar: бютеу (büteu)


kạĺčï-

Oghur:

Chuvash: хыҫ (hyś)

Common Turkic: *qašï-

Arghu:

Khalaj: qaşımaq

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: qaşımaq

Ottoman Turkish: قاشيمق (kaşımak)

Turkish: kaşımak

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: gaşamak

Karluk:

Uzbek: qashimoq

Siberian:

North Siberian:

Yakut: кыһый (kıhıy)


kodurčuk

kodurčuk (nominative singular)
kodurčukug (accusative singular)
kodurčuknï (accusative singular)
kodurčuknuŋ (genitive singular)
kodurčukka (dative singular)
kodurčukda (locative singular)
kodurčukdan (ablative singular)
kodurčukgaru (allative singular)
kodurčukun (instrumental singular)
kodurčukča (equative singular)
kodurčuklayu (singular)
kodurčuklugu (comitative singular)

Common Turkic:

Proto-Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: kavırçak, korçak, koğurçak (all are dial.)

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: gurjak

Karluk:

Karakhanid: قُذُرْجُقْ (quδurčuq)

Chagatai: [script needed] (qoğurcaq), [script needed] (qavur), [script needed] (qavurčağ), [script needed] (qavucaq)

Uyghur: قورچاق (qorchaq)

Uzbek: qoʻgʻirchoq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: ҡурсаҡ (qursaq)

Tatar: курчак (qurçaq)

West Kipchak:

Kumyk: къурчакъ (qurçaq)

South Kipchak:

Karakalpak: [script needed] (quvırşaq)

Kazakh: қуыршақ (quyrşaq)

Nogai: кувыршак (kuvırşak)

East Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: куурчак (kuurcak)

Southern Altai: корчок (korčok)

# According to Tekin, from *koduŕ (“woman”) + *-čuk (“diminutive suffix”). However, the word seems to have more specifically referred to widows, as opposed to women in general, which makes it semantically dubious.
# Authors of EDAL under the discredited Altaic theory, citing Räsänen's construction of this form with a velar rather than an alveolar-dental sound in the second syllable, reconstruct this word as *kagurčak, assuming the Chagatai and Uzbek forms with *-g- to be the original sound and connect the word with Proto-Tungusic *xakukan (“doll”) and Japanese 傀儡 (kugutsu, “doll”). However a sound change *-g- → -d- is otherwise not found in Karakhanid, which is explained by the same authors as a phonetic aberration.
Relation with *kāparčak (“blister, pustule”), which came to also be used for "doll" in Karakhanid is uncertain, perhaps a conflation of the two terms or coincidence.


kegre-

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Turkish: gevremek

(intransitive) to weaken, to become loose


-eyin

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Turkmen: -aýyn, -eýin

Siberian:

Old Turkic: 𐰘𐰤 (-eyin)

seb- (“to love”) + *-eyin → *sebeyin (“I must love!”)

(Common Turkic) Suffix forming first-person singular imperative.

-gil

suffix forming second-person singular imperative

-zün

suffix forming third-person singular imperative

-elim

suffix forming first-person plural imperative

-iŋ

suffix forming second-person plural imperative


kegrek

Common Turkic:

West Oghuz:

Turkish: gevrek

East Kipchak:

Southern Altai: кӱӱрек (küürek, “weak”)

From *kegre- (“to weaken, to become loose”) + *-k


-elim

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: -alım, -elim

Turkmen: -alyň, -eliň

Siberian:

Old Turkic: 𐰠𐰢 (-elim)

seb- (“to love”) + *-elim → *sebelim (“let's love!”)

(Common Turkic) Suffix forming first-person plural imperative.

-eyin

suffix forming first-person singular imperative


-zün

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: -sin, -sın, -sun, -sün

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: -sin, -sın, -sun, -sün

Turkmen: -sin, -syn, -sun, -sün

seb- (“to love”) + *-zün → *sebzün (“he/she/it must love!”)

(Common Turkic) Suffix forming third-person singular imperative.


-galï

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: -alı, -eli

Siberian:

Old Turkic: 𐰏𐰠𐰃 (-geli)

olur- (“to sit”) + *-galï → *olurgalï (“Since he/she/it had sit.”)

Suffix forming verbal adverb denoting the amount of time that has passed since the starting of the verb.

öl- (“to die”) + *-galï → *ölgeli (“mortal”)

Suffix forming verbal adverb denoting the purpose of a verb.


-matï

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: -meden, -madan

olur- (“to sit”) + *-matï → *olurmatï (“Without sitting.”)

Forms converbs with negative connotations or without the verb


-gil

Oghuz:

desc

Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (-gil)

Classical Azerbaijani: -gilen

Azerbaijani: -ginen, -ynen (dial.), -gilen, -gile (South Azerbaijani)

Turkmeneli Turkic: -ginen

Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (-gil)

Turkish: -gilen, -gilene (dialect in Dulkadirli, Kırşehir)

Salar: -gil

Turkmen: -gin (dial.)

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (-gil), [script needed] (-ğıl)

Chagatai: [script needed] (gil), [script needed] (-gin)

Uyghur: [script needed] (-gil), [script needed] (-gin)

Uzbek: -gil, -gin

Kipchak: [script needed] (-gil)

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: -ҡыла (-qıla), -келе (-kele) (dial.)

South Kipchak:

East Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: -гыла (-gıla), -гула (-gula) (dial.)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: 𐰏𐰠 (-gil)

Old Uyghur: -gyl (-gil)

ẹĺit- (“to listen”) + *-gil → *ẹĺitgil (“Listen!”)

(Common Turkic) Forms the second-person singular imperative.


-gil

üč (“three”) + *-gil → *üčgil (“triangle, three sided”)

baĺč (“head”) + *-gil → *baĺčgïl (“a quadruped with a white head”)


ȫgsiŕ

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: öksüz

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: öksüz

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: үкһеҙ (ükheź)

Tatar: үксез (üksez)

South Kipchak:

Kipchak-Nogai:

Kazakh: әкесіз (äkesız)

Nogai: оьксиз (öksiz)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: өксүз (öksüz)

Southern Altai: ӧксӱс (öksüs)

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: öksüz

Karachay-Balkar: ёксюз (yoksüz)

Kumyk: оьксюз (öksüz)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: 𐰇𐰏𐰾𐰃𐰔 (ügs²iz /ögsiz/)

Old Uyghur: 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽷𐽻𐽳𐽴 (ögsüz)

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tofa: өъскүс

Tofa: өъскүс

Tuvan: өскүс (ösküs)

Yenisei Turkic:

Khakas: ӧкіс

From *ȫg (“1. mind 2. mother”) + *-siŕ, literally "motherless" or "mindless".


-gey

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: -a, -ə, -ya, -yə

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: -a, -e, -ya, -ye

öl- (“to die”) + *-gey → *ölgey (“(I hope, I predict) she/he/it dies/will die.”)

Suffix creating optative mood or predictive future.


-gey

ög (“1. mind 2. mother”) + *-gey → *ögey (“step-”)

Suffix creating an adjective similar to the noun.


yïmurt

yïmurt (nominative singular)
yïmurtug (accusative singular)
yïmurtnï (accusative singular)
yïmurtnuŋ (genitive singular)
yïmurtka (dative singular)
yïmurtda (locative singular)
yïmurtdan (ablative singular)
yïmurtgaru (allative singular)
yïmurtun (instrumental singular)
yïmurtča (equative singular)
yïmurtlayu (singular)
yïmurtlugu (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Chuvash: ҫӗмӗрт (śĕmĕrt)

Common Turkic: *yïmurt

Proto-Oghuz: *yumurt

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: cumurt

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: yumurt

Karluk:

Uzbek: shumurt

Siberian:

South Siberian:

Yeniseian:

Khakas: нымырт (nımırt)

Shor: ныбырт (nıbırt)


emgekle-

Common Turkic:

Proto-Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (emekle-)

Turkish: emeklemek (“to crawl”)

Salar: ömüklegüsi

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (emgeklenmek)

Chagatai: [script needed] (emgekle-)

Uyghur: [script needed] (ömilimek)

Kipchak: [script needed] (emgekle-)

North Kipchak:

Tatar: имгәкләргә (imgäklärgä)

South Kipchak:

Caspian:

Kazakh: еңбектеу (eñbekteu)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: эмгектөө (emgektöö)

Siberian:

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (ömgekle-)

From *emgek (“bother, worry, pains”) + *-le.


ȫgey

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: ögey

Ottoman Turkish: اووی (üvey), اوگی (üğey), اویكی (üveyi)

Turkish: üvey

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: öweý

Karluk:

Karakhanid: اُكایْ (ögey)

Uyghur: ئۆگەي (ögey)

Uzbek: oʻgay

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: үгәй (ügəy)

Tatar: үги (ügi)

South Kipchak:

Kazakh: өгей (ögei)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: өгөй (ögöy)

Southern Altai: ӧй (öy)

Kipchak-Kuman:

Crimean Tatar: ögey

Siberian:

South Siberian:

Yeniseian:

Khakas: ӧӧй

From *ȫg (“mind; mother”) + *-gey, literally "mother-y".


-gučï

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: -ici, -ıcı, -ucu, -ücü, -yici, -yıcı, -yucu, -yücü

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: -ici, -ıcı, -ucu, -ücü, -yici, -yıcı, -yucu, -yücü, -giç, -gıç, -guç, -güç

Salar: -güci, -ğuci

From Proto-Turkic *-gü + *-či. Comparable to Proto-Mongolic *-xecin.

ay- (“to speak”) + *-gučï → *aygučï (“speaker”)


ȫg

ȫg (nominative singular)
ȫgüg (accusative singular)
ȫgni (accusative singular)
ȫgnüŋ (genitive singular)
ȫgke (dative singular)
ȫgde (locative singular)
ȫgden (ablative singular)
ȫggerü (allative singular)
ȫgün (instrumental singular)
ȫgče (equative singular)
ȫgleyü (singular)
ȫglügü (comitative singular)

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

⇒ Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (öğlen-, “to gather thoughts”)

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (ȫg)

⇒ Karakhanid: [script needed] (öglüg, “thoughtful”)

⇒ Karakhanid: [script needed] (ögsüz, “witless”)

Siberian:

⇒ Old Turkic: 𐰇𐰏𐰠𐰾 (ögleš-, “to council”)

Old Uyghur: 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽷 (ög, “mind”)

⇒ Old Uyghur: 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽺𐽹𐽰𐽷 (öglenmek, “to become concious”)

⇒ Old Uyghur: 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽷𐽻𐽳𐽴 (ögsüz, “witless”)

⇒ Old Uyghur: 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽷𐽻𐽶𐽾𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽷 (ögsiremek, “to faint”)

From *ȫ- (“to think, to be aware”) + *-g.


īŕle-

īŕlettür-

*īŕlet- (“to make someone or something watch”)

to make someone or something make someone or something watch


kïzak

kïzak (nominative singular)
kïzakïg (accusative singular)
kïzaknï (accusative singular)
kïzaknïŋ (genitive singular)
kïzakka (dative singular)
kïzakda (locative singular)
kïzakdan (ablative singular)
kïzakgaru (allative singular)
kïzakïn (instrumental singular)
kïzakča (equative singular)
kïzaklayu (singular)
kïzaklïgu (comitative singular)

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

→ Persian: خیزک

→ Azerbaijani: xizək

Ottoman Turkish قیزاق (kızak)

Turkish: kızak

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (qızaq)

Uyghur: [script needed] (quzuq)

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: ҡуҙы (quźı)

Tatar: кызав (qızaw)


kökre-

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: kükrəmək

Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (kükremek)

Turkish: kükremek

Turkmen: kükremek

Karluk:

Karakhanid: كُكْراماكْ (kökre:me:k)

Chagatai: [script needed] (kökremek)

Kipchak:

South Kipchak:

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Southern Altai: [script needed] (kököro-)

Siberian:

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (kökre-)


-gerü

Common Turkic:

Siberian:

Old Turkic: 𐰏𐰼𐰇 (-gerü)

Old Uyghur: -k’rw (-gerü)

Karluk:

Karakhanid: ـكرو (-gerü)

at (“horse”) + *-gerü → *atgaru (“toward the horse”)

(Old Turkic) Suffix expressing the allative case.


čöp

čöp (nominative singular)
čöpüg (accusative singular)
čöpni (accusative singular)
čöpnüŋ (genitive singular)
čöpke (dative singular)
čöpde (locative singular)
čöpden (ablative singular)
čöpgerü (allative singular)
čöpün (instrumental singular)
čöpče (equative singular)
čöpleyü (singular)
čöplügü (comitative singular)

Oghuz

West Oghuz

Azerbaijani: çöp

Ottoman Turkish [Term?]

Turkish: çöp


čöpik

čöpik (nominative singular)
čöpikig (accusative singular)
čöpikni (accusative singular)
čöpikniŋ (genitive singular)
čöpikke (dative singular)
čöpikde (locative singular)
čöpikden (ablative singular)
čöpikgerü (allative singular)
čöpikin (instrumental singular)
čöpikče (equative singular)
čöpikleyü (singular)
čöpikligü (comitative singular)

Oghuz

West Oghuz

Azerbaijani: çubuq

Ottoman Turkish [Term?]

Turkish: çubuk

Potentially from *čöp (“1. trash, precipitate 2. stick, twig”) + *-ik, diminutive of *čöp.


yẹgirmi

Oghur:

Bulgar: جيرم (ciyir(e)m)

Chuvash: ҫирӗм (śirĕm)

Common Turkic:

Arghu:

Khalaj: yigirmi

Proto-Oghuz: *yigirmi

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: iyirmi

Ottoman Turkish: یگرمی (yigirmi)

Gagauz: yirmi

Turkish: yirmi

East Oghuz::

Salar: irmi

Turkmen: ýigrimi

Karluk:

Chagatai:

Uyghur: يىگىرمە (yigirme)

Uzbek: yigirma

Kipchak:

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: yigirmi

Karachay-Balkar: джыйырма (cıyırma)

Karaim: yigirmi

Kumyk: йигирма (yigirma)

Urum: йирми (yirmi)

South Kipchak:

Karakalpak: жигирма (jigirma)

Kazakh: жиырма (jiyrma)

Nogai: йырма (yırma)

Northern Kipchak:

Bashkir: егерме (yegerme)

Tatar: егерме (yegerme)

Eastern Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: жыйырма (jıyırma)

Southern Altai:

Teleut: јирме (ǰirme)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: 𐰘𐰏𐰃𐰼𐰢𐰃 (y²gir²mi)

Old Uyghur: 𐽶𐽷𐽾𐽹𐽶 (yegirmi)

Western Yugur: yïɣïrma

North Siberian:

Dolgan: һүүрбэ (hüürbe)

Yakut: сүүрбэ (süürbe)

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tuvan: чээрби (çeerbi)

Yenisei Turkic:

Khakas: чибiрге (çibirge)

desc

Shor: чегирбе (çegirbe), чебирге (çebirge)

Possibly from Proto-Turkic *ẹk(k)i + *-mïĺ


-ümsin

kül- (“to laugh”) + *-ümsin → *külümsin- (“to smile”)

Suffix forming pretense verbs from verbs.


-rer

Oghur:

Chuvash: -ҫар (-śar), -ҫер (-śer)

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: -şar, -ar, -er, -şer

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: -şar, -ar, -er, -şer

Certain daughter languages point to a reconstruction *-(ĺč)Ar instead.

Suffix creating distributive form of numbers.


ödkün-

Common Turkic: *ödkün-

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: öykünmek

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: öýkünmek

Karluk

Karakhanid: [script needed] (ötgün-)

Kipchak:

Western Kipchak:

Karaim: [script needed] (etkin-)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Southern Altai: ӧткӧн- (ötkön-)

Siberian:

North Siberian:

Dolgan: үтүгүн (ütügün)

Yakut: үтүгүн (ütügün)

Sayan:

Tuvan: өттүнер (öttüner)


-egü

Common Turkic: *-agu

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: -ov, -öv

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: -ey

Karluk:

Chagatai:

Uzbek: -ov

Kipchak:

West Kipchak:

Karachay-Balkar: -еу (-yeu)

Kumyk: -ев (-yew)

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: -әү (-əw)

South Kipchak:

Aral:

Kazakh: -еу (-eu)

Kirgiz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: -өө (-öö)

Southern Altai: -ӱ (-ü)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: 𐰏𐰇 (-egü)


ülker

ülker (nominative singular)
ülkerig (accusative singular)
ülkerni (accusative singular)
ülkerniŋ (genitive singular)
ülkerke (dative singular)
ülkerte (locative singular)
ülkerten (ablative singular)
ülkergerü (allative singular)
ülkerin (instrumental singular)
ülkerče (equative singular)
ülkerleyü (singular)
ülkerligü (comitative singular)

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: Ülkər

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: Ülker

Karluk:

Karakhanid: اُلْكَرْ (ülker)

Chagatai:

Uzbek: Hulkar

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: Өлкәр (Ölkər)

West Kipchak:

Kumyk: Уьлкер (Ülker)

South Kipchak:

Caspian:

Kazakh: Үркер (Ürker)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: Үркөр (Ürkör)

Siberian:

𐽰𐽳𐽶𐾁𐽷𐽰𐽾 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴

Old Uyghur: 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐾁𐽷𐽰𐽾 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (Ülker yultuz /ʾwylkʾr ywltwz/)

North Siberian:

Yakut: Үргэл (Ürgel)

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tofa: үъһер

Yenisei Turkic:

Khakas: Ӱлгер (Ülger)


tükel

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (dükel)

Turkish: tükel (dialectal)

Karluk:

Karakhanid: تُكالْ (tükēl)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (tükäl)

→ Turkish: tükel

Derived from *tüke- (“"to end, to complete"”) + *-l whence also *tüken- (“to be consumed”) and *tüket- (“to consume”).


ogrï

Likely related to *ogra- (“to meet, to come by”) and *ogur (“luck, fortune; opportunity; a specific time”).


ogrï

ogrï (nominative singular)
ogrïg (accusative singular)
ogrïnï (accusative singular)
ogrïnïŋ (genitive singular)
ogrïka (dative singular)
ogrïda (locative singular)
ogrïdan (ablative singular)
ogrïgaru (allative singular)
ogrïn (instrumental singular)
ogrïča (equative singular)
ogrïlayu (singular)
ogrïlïgu (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Chuvash: вӑрӑ (vără)

→ Hungarian: orv

Common Turkic:

Arghu:

Khalaj: hoğrı

Proto-Oghuz: *oɣrï

West Oghuz:

Azerbaijani: oğru

Ottoman Turkish: اوغری (oğrı)

Turkish: uğru

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: ogry

Karluk:

Karakhanid: اُغْریٖ (oɣrï)

Uyghur: ئوغرى (oghri)

Uzbek: oʼgʼri

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: уғры (uğrı)

Tatar: угры (uğrı)

West Kipchak:

Kumyk: уручу (uruçu) (< *ogrïčï)

South Kipchak:

Nogai: уры (urı)

Kazakh: ұры (ūry)

East Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: ууру (uuru)

Southern Altai: уур (uur)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: 𐰆𐰍𐰺𐰃 (oɣrï)

North Siberian:

Dolgan: уор (uor)

Yakut: уор (uor)

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tofa: оору (ooru)

Tuvan: оор (oor)

Yenisei:

Khakas: оғыр (oğır)


-sik

Common Turkic:

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (-sik)

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (-sik)

öl- (“to die”) + *-sik → *ölsüküŋ (“You will inevitably die.”)

(Old Turkic) Suffix creating the necessitive future tense.

to- (“to be full”) + *-sik → *tosïk (“satiety”)


ȫ-

ȫmek (infinitive)
ȫgen (participle present)
ȫgme (participle present)
ȫr (participle present)
ȫdük (participle past)
ȫmiš (participle past)
ȫdeči (future participle)
ȫmekči (future participle)
ȫsik (future participle)
ȫyeček (future participle)
ȫme (noun-from-verb)
ȫg (noun-from-verb)
ȫgü (noun-from-verb)
ȫš (adverbial)
ȫr ben (aorist indicative singular)
ȫr sen (aorist indicative singular)
ȫr (aorist indicative singular)
ȫr biz (aorist indicative plural)
ȫr siz (aorist indicative plural)
ȫr (aorist indicative plural)
ȫdüm (indicative past singular)
ȫdüŋ (indicative past singular)
ȫdi (indicative past singular)
ȫdük (indicative past plural)
ȫdümüz (indicative past plural)
ȫdüŋüz (indicative past plural)
ȫdi (indicative past plural)
ȫmiš ben (indicative inferential past singular)
ȫmiš sen (indicative inferential past singular)
ȫmiš (indicative inferential past singular)
ȫmiš biz (indicative inferential past plural)
ȫmiš siz (indicative inferential past plural)
ȫmiš (indicative inferential past plural)
ȫdeči ben (future indicative singular)
ȫmekči ben (future indicative singular)
ȫyeček ben (future indicative singular)
ȫdeči sen (future indicative singular)
ȫmekči sen (future indicative singular)
ȫyeček sen (future indicative singular)
ȫdeči (future indicative singular)
ȫmekči (future indicative singular)
ȫyeček (future indicative singular)
ȫdeči biz (future indicative plural)
ȫmekči biz (future indicative plural)
ȫyeček biz (future indicative plural)
ȫdeči siz (future indicative plural)
ȫmekči siz (future indicative plural)
ȫyeček siz (future indicative plural)
ȫdeči (future indicative plural)
ȫmekči (future indicative plural)
ȫyeček (future indicative plural)
ȫgey ben (future indicative singular)
ȫgey sen (future indicative singular)
ȫgey (future indicative singular)
ȫgey biz (future indicative plural)
ȫgey siz (future indicative plural)
ȫgey (future indicative plural)
ȫsüküm (future indicative singular)
ȫsüküŋ (future indicative singular)
ȫsük (future indicative singular)
ȫsükümüz (future indicative plural)
ȫsüküŋüz (future indicative plural)
ȫsük (future indicative plural)
ȫsem (conditional singular)
ȫser ben (conditional singular)
ȫseŋ (conditional singular)
ȫser sen (conditional singular)
ȫse (conditional singular)
ȫser (conditional singular)
ȫsek (conditional plural)
ȫsemiz (conditional plural)
ȫser biz (conditional plural)
ȫseŋiz (conditional plural)
ȫser siz (conditional plural)
ȫseler (conditional plural)
ȫser (conditional plural)
ȫgey ben (optative singular)
ȫgey sen (optative singular)
ȫgey (optative singular)
ȫgey biz (optative plural)
ȫgey siz (optative plural)
ȫgey (optative plural)
ȫmekde ben (progressive singular)
ȫmekde sen (progressive singular)
ȫmekde (progressive singular)
ȫmekde biz (plural progressive)
ȫmekde siz (plural progressive)
ȫmekde (plural progressive)
ȫmelig ben (necessitative singular)
ȫmelig sen (necessitative singular)
ȫmelig (necessitative singular)
ȫmelig biz (necessitative plural)
ȫmelig siz (necessitative plural)
ȫmelig (necessitative plural)
ȫyeyin (imperative singular)
ȫ (imperative singular)
ȫgil (imperative singular)
ȫzün (imperative singular)
ȫyelim (imperative plural)
ȫyüŋ (imperative plural)
ȫzün (imperative plural)
ȫmemek (infinitive negative)
ȫmegen (negative participle present)
ȫmegme (negative participle present)
ȫmez (negative participle present)
ȫmedük (negative participle past)
ȫmemiš (negative participle past)
ȫmeči (future negative participle)
ȫmesik (future negative participle)
ȫmeyeček (future negative participle)
ȫmeme (negative noun-from-verb)
ȫmeg (negative noun-from-verb)
ȫmegü (negative noun-from-verb)
ȫmeš (adverbial negative)
ȫmez ben (aorist indicative negative singular)
ȫmez sen (aorist indicative negative singular)
ȫmez (aorist indicative negative singular)
ȫmez biz (aorist indicative negative plural)
ȫmez siz (aorist indicative negative plural)
ȫmez (aorist indicative negative plural)
ȫmedüm (indicative negative past singular)
ȫmedüŋ (indicative negative past singular)
ȫmedi (indicative negative past singular)
ȫmedük (indicative negative past plural)
ȫmedümüz (indicative negative past plural)
ȫmedüŋüz (indicative negative past plural)
ȫmedi (indicative negative past plural)
ȫmemiš ben (indicative inferential negative past singular)
ȫmemiš sen (indicative inferential negative past singular)
ȫmemiš (indicative inferential negative past singular)
ȫmemiš biz (indicative inferential negative past plural)
ȫmemiš siz (indicative inferential negative past plural)
ȫmemiš (indicative inferential negative past plural)
ȫmeči ben (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmeyeček ben (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmeči sen (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmeyeček sen (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmeči (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmeyeček (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmeči biz (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmeyeček biz (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmeči siz (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmeyeček siz (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmeči (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmeyeček (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmegey ben (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmegey sen (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmegey (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmegey biz (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmegey siz (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmegey (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmesüküm (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmesüküŋ (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmesük (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmesükümüz (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmesüküŋüz (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmesük (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmesem (conditional negative singular)
ȫmeser ben (conditional negative singular)
ȫmeseŋ (conditional negative singular)
ȫmeser sen (conditional negative singular)
ȫmese (conditional negative singular)
ȫmeser (conditional negative singular)
ȫmesek (conditional negative plural)
ȫmesemiz (conditional negative plural)
ȫmeser biz (conditional negative plural)
ȫmeseŋiz (conditional negative plural)
ȫmeser siz (conditional negative plural)
ȫmeseler (conditional negative plural)
ȫmeser (conditional negative plural)
ȫmegey ben (negative optative singular)
ȫmegey sen (negative optative singular)
ȫmegey (negative optative singular)
ȫmegey biz (negative optative plural)
ȫmegey siz (negative optative plural)
ȫmegey (negative optative plural)
ȫmemekde ben (negative progressive singular)
ȫmemekde sen (negative progressive singular)
ȫmemekde (negative progressive singular)
ȫmemekde biz (negative plural progressive)
ȫmemekde siz (negative plural progressive)
ȫmemekde (negative plural progressive)
ȫmemelig ben (necessitative negative singular)
ȫmemelig sen (necessitative negative singular)
ȫmemelig (necessitative negative singular)
ȫmemelig biz (necessitative negative plural)
ȫmemelig siz (necessitative negative plural)
ȫmemelig (necessitative negative plural)
ȫmeyeyin (imperative negative singular)
ȫme (imperative negative singular)
ȫmegil (imperative negative singular)
ȫmezün (imperative negative singular)
ȫmeyelim (imperative negative plural)
ȫmeyiŋ (imperative negative plural)
ȫmezün (imperative negative plural)

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (ȫmēk)

Uyghur: ئوي (oy, “idea, opinion”), ئويلاماق (oylamaq, “to think”)

Kipchak:

Kipchak–Nogai:

Nogai: ойлав (oylav)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: 𐰇 (ö-)

Old Uyghur: ʾwy (ö-)

North Siberian:

Yakut: үөй (üöy)


čašut

čašut (nominative singular)
čašutug (accusative singular)
čašutnï (accusative singular)
čašutnuŋ (genitive singular)
čašutka (dative singular)
čašutda (locative singular)
čašutdan (ablative singular)
čašutgaru (allative singular)
čašutun (instrumental singular)
čašutča (equative singular)
čašutlayu (singular)
čašutlugu (comitative singular)

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (çaşıt)

Turkish: çaşıt (vernacular)

Kipchak: [script needed] (çaşut)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (čašut)


igid-

Common Turkic: *igid- (“to feet”)

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (igiδmek)

→ Turkish: eğitmek

Siberian:

Old Turkic: 𐰃𐰏𐰓 (igid-)

Common Turkic: *igdiĺ (“1. an animal bred domestically 2. crossbred animal 3. slave, servant”)

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (iğdiş)

Turkish: iğdiş (dialectal)

Common Turkic: *igtü (“stall-fed animal”)

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (ekdi, ikdi)

Turkmen: ekdi (“quiet, tame”)


yaĺ-

Common Turkic: *yaĺ- (“to hide”)

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: yaşmaq (dialectal)

Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (yaşmak)

Turkish: yaşmak (dialectal)

Turkmen: ýaşmak

Karluk:

Karakhanid: يَشْماقْ (yašmāq)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (yaš-)

North Siberian:

Yakut: сас (sas)

Common Turkic: *yaĺmak (“yashmak”)

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: yaşmaq

Turkish: yaşmak

Turkmen: ýaşmak

Common Turkic: *yaĺma (“raincoat”) (?)

Karluk:

Karakhanid: يَلْما (yalmā, “raincoat”)


-egüt

Common Turkic:

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (-agut)

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (-agut)

Possibly a *-t plural form of *-egü considering Old Turkic 𐰞𐰯𐰍𐰆 (alpaɣu).

alp (“warrior”) + *-egüt → *alpagut (“warrior.”)


anlayu

Common Turkic:
** Proto-Oghuz: [Term?] (ayla, eyle) (metathesis)
*** West Oghuz:
**** Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (ayla, eyle)
***** Azerbaijani: elə
***** Ottoman Turkish: اویله (öyle)
****** Turkish: öyle
****** Gagauz: öyle
*** East Oghuz:
**** Salar: ele
**** Turkmen: eýle
** Kipchak: [script needed] (alay, alay esä)
*** West Kipchak:
****Crimean Tatar: olay
****Karachay-Balkar: [script needed] (alay)
*** East Kipchak:
**** Southern Altai: ондый (ondïy)
** Siberian:
***Old Turkic: [script needed] (anlayu)

Common Turkic: *bunlayu
** Proto-Oghuz: [Term?] (buyla, beyle) (metathesis)
*** West Oghuz:
**** Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (beyle)
***** Azerbaijani: belə
***** Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (beyle, böyle)
****** Turkish: böyle
*** East Oghuz:
**** Salar: bele
**** Turkmen: beýle
** Kipchak: [script needed] (bulay)
*** West Kipchak:
****Crimean Tatar: bulay
*** East Kipchak:
**** Southern Altai: мындый (mïndïy)
** Siberian:
***Old Turkic: [script needed] (bunlayu)

Common Turkic: *kanlayu
** Kipchak: [script needed] (kalay, kanlay)
*** South Kipchak:
**** Kazakh: қалай (qalai)
*** East Kipchak:
**** Kyrgyz: кандай (kanday)
**** Southern Altai: кандый (kandïy)

From *an- + *-layu, similative case of *ol (“he, she, it, that”). Oghuz langauges exhibit metathesis to *ayla.


āzu

Common Turkic:

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (azu)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: 𐰔𐰆 (azu)

Old Uyghur: ʾzw (azu)

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tuvan: азы (azı)

From *āŕ- (“to be astray”) + *-u (“converb suffix”).


saru-

Oghur:

Chuvash: сырма (syrma)

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: sarımaq

Ottoman Turkish: صارمق (sarmak)

Turkish: sarmak

Gagauz: sarmak

Turkmen: saramak

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (sarūmāk)

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Tatar: сарырга (sarırga)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (saru-)

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (saru-)

Common Turkic: *sarla-

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (sarlāmāk)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (sarla-)

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (sarla-)

Considering *sarla- potentially from *sar + *-u


külümsin-

trk-cmn-conj-head

külümsinteči, külümsinmekči, külümsinsik, külümsineček

külümsinteči ben, külümsinmekči ben, külümsineček ben

külümsinteči sen, külümsinmekči sen, külümsineček sen

külümsinteči biz, külümsinmekči biz, külümsineček biz

külümsinteči siz, külümsinmekči siz, külümsineček siz

külümsinsek, külümsinsemiz, külümsinser biz

külümsinmesek, külümsinmesemiz, külümsinmeser biz

külümsinmek (infinitive)
külümsingen (participle present)
külümsinigme (participle present)
külümsinür (participle present)
külümsintük (participle past)
külümsinmiš (participle past)
külümsinteči (future participle)
külümsinmekči (future participle)
külümsinsik (future participle)
külümsineček (future participle)
külümsinme (noun-from-verb)
külümsinig (noun-from-verb)
külümsingü (noun-from-verb)
külümsiniš (adverbial)
külümsinür ben (aorist indicative singular)
külümsinür sen (aorist indicative singular)
külümsinür (aorist indicative singular)
külümsinür biz (aorist indicative plural)
külümsinür siz (aorist indicative plural)
külümsinür (aorist indicative plural)
külümsintim (indicative past singular)
külümsintiŋ (indicative past singular)
külümsinti (indicative past singular)
külümsintik (indicative past plural)
külümsintimiz (indicative past plural)
külümsintiŋiz (indicative past plural)
külümsinti (indicative past plural)
külümsinmiš ben (indicative inferential past singular)
külümsinmiš sen (indicative inferential past singular)
külümsinmiš (indicative inferential past singular)
külümsinmiš biz (indicative inferential past plural)
külümsinmiš siz (indicative inferential past plural)
külümsinmiš (indicative inferential past plural)
külümsinteči ben (future indicative singular)
külümsinmekči ben (future indicative singular)
külümsineček ben (future indicative singular)
külümsinteči sen (future indicative singular)
külümsinmekči sen (future indicative singular)
külümsineček sen (future indicative singular)
külümsinteči (future indicative singular)
külümsinmekči (future indicative singular)
külümsineček (future indicative singular)
külümsinteči biz (future indicative plural)
külümsinmekči biz (future indicative plural)
külümsineček biz (future indicative plural)
külümsinteči siz (future indicative plural)
külümsinmekči siz (future indicative plural)
külümsineček siz (future indicative plural)
külümsinteči (future indicative plural)
külümsinmekči (future indicative plural)
külümsineček (future indicative plural)
külümsingey ben (future indicative singular)
külümsingey sen (future indicative singular)
külümsingey (future indicative singular)
külümsingey biz (future indicative plural)
külümsingey siz (future indicative plural)
külümsingey (future indicative plural)
külümsinsikim (future indicative singular)
külümsinsikiŋ (future indicative singular)
külümsinsik (future indicative singular)
külümsinsikimiz (future indicative plural)
külümsinsikiŋiz (future indicative plural)
külümsinsik (future indicative plural)
külümsinsem (conditional singular)
külümsinser ben (conditional singular)
külümsinseŋ (conditional singular)
külümsinser sen (conditional singular)
külümsinse (conditional singular)
külümsinser (conditional singular)
külümsinsek (conditional plural)
külümsinsemiz (conditional plural)
külümsinser biz (conditional plural)
külümsinseŋiz (conditional plural)
külümsinser siz (conditional plural)
külümsinseler (conditional plural)
külümsinser (conditional plural)
külümsingey ben (optative singular)
külümsingey sen (optative singular)
külümsingey (optative singular)
külümsingey biz (optative plural)
külümsingey siz (optative plural)
külümsingey (optative plural)
külümsinmekde ben (progressive singular)
külümsinmekde sen (progressive singular)
külümsinmekde (progressive singular)
külümsinmekde biz (plural progressive)
külümsinmekde siz (plural progressive)
külümsinmekde (plural progressive)
külümsinmelig ben (necessitative singular)
külümsinmelig sen (necessitative singular)
külümsinmelig (necessitative singular)
külümsinmelig biz (necessitative plural)
külümsinmelig siz (necessitative plural)
külümsinmelig (necessitative plural)
külümsineyin (imperative singular)
külümsin (imperative singular)
külümsingil (imperative singular)
külümsinzün (imperative singular)
külümsinelim (imperative plural)
külümsiniŋ (imperative plural)
külümsinzün (imperative plural)
külümsinmemek (infinitive negative)
külümsinmegen (negative participle present)
külümsinmegme (negative participle present)
külümsinmez (negative participle present)
külümsinmedük (negative participle past)
külümsinmemiš (negative participle past)
külümsinmeči (future negative participle)
külümsinmesik (future negative participle)
külümsinmeyeček (future negative participle)
külümsinmeme (negative noun-from-verb)
külümsinmeg (negative noun-from-verb)
külümsinmegü (negative noun-from-verb)
külümsinmeyiš (adverbial negative)
külümsinmez ben (aorist indicative negative singular)
külümsinmez sen (aorist indicative negative singular)
külümsinmez (aorist indicative negative singular)
külümsinmez biz (aorist indicative negative plural)
külümsinmez siz (aorist indicative negative plural)
külümsinmez (aorist indicative negative plural)
külümsinmedim (indicative negative past singular)
külümsinmediŋ (indicative negative past singular)
külümsinmedi (indicative negative past singular)
külümsinmedik (indicative negative past plural)
külümsinmedimiz (indicative negative past plural)
külümsinmediŋiz (indicative negative past plural)
külümsinmedi (indicative negative past plural)
külümsinmemiš ben (indicative inferential negative past singular)
külümsinmemiš sen (indicative inferential negative past singular)
külümsinmemiš (indicative inferential negative past singular)
külümsinmemiš biz (indicative inferential negative past plural)
külümsinmemiš siz (indicative inferential negative past plural)
külümsinmemiš (indicative inferential negative past plural)
külümsinmeči ben (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmeyeček ben (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmeči sen (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmeyeček sen (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmeči (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmeyeček (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmeči biz (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmeyeček biz (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmeči siz (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmeyeček siz (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmeči (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmeyeček (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmegey ben (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmegey sen (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmegey (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmegey biz (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmegey siz (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmegey (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmesikim (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmesikiŋ (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmesik (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmesikimiz (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmesikiŋiz (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmesik (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmesem (conditional negative singular)
külümsinmeser ben (conditional negative singular)
külümsinmeseŋ (conditional negative singular)
külümsinmeser sen (conditional negative singular)
külümsinmese (conditional negative singular)
külümsinmeser (conditional negative singular)
külümsinmesek (conditional negative plural)
külümsinmesemiz (conditional negative plural)
külümsinmeser biz (conditional negative plural)
külümsinmeseŋiz (conditional negative plural)
külümsinmeser siz (conditional negative plural)
külümsinmeseler (conditional negative plural)
külümsinmeser (conditional negative plural)
külümsinmegey ben (negative optative singular)
külümsinmegey sen (negative optative singular)
külümsinmegey (negative optative singular)
külümsinmegey biz (negative optative plural)
külümsinmegey siz (negative optative plural)
külümsinmegey (negative optative plural)
külümsinmemekde ben (negative progressive singular)
külümsinmemekde sen (negative progressive singular)
külümsinmemekde (negative progressive singular)
külümsinmemekde biz (negative plural progressive)
külümsinmemekde siz (negative plural progressive)
külümsinmemekde (negative plural progressive)
külümsinmemelig ben (necessitative negative singular)
külümsinmemelig sen (necessitative negative singular)
külümsinmemelig (necessitative negative singular)
külümsinmemelig biz (necessitative negative plural)
külümsinmemelig siz (necessitative negative plural)
külümsinmemelig (necessitative negative plural)
külümsinmeyeyin (imperative negative singular)
külümsinme (imperative negative singular)
külümsinmegil (imperative negative singular)
külümsinmezün (imperative negative singular)
külümsinmeyelim (imperative negative plural)
külümsinmeyiŋ (imperative negative plural)
külümsinmezün (imperative negative plural)

Oghur:

⇒ Chuvash: куланҫи (kulanś̬i) (< *kül-ün-si-g)

desc

Common Turkic: *külümsin-, *külümsi-, *külsir-, *külümsire-

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (gülümsin-)

Azerbaijani: gülümsünmək

Ottoman Turkish: كولمسیمك (gülümsimek)

Turkish: gülümsemek

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: gülümsiremek, gülümjiremek

Karluk:

Karakhanid: külsirmēk

Uzbek: kulimsiramoq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

көлөмһөрәргә

Bashkir: көлөмһөрәргә (kölömhörərgə)

Bashkir: көлөмһөрәргә (kölömhörərgə)

көлемсерергә

Tatar: көлемсерергә (kölemserergä)

West Kipchak:

Karaim: кÿлÿмсэ

Karaim: кÿлÿмсэ

South Kipchak: *külüm-le-

Kazakh: күлимдеу (külimdeu), күлимсиреу (külimsireu)

East Kipchak:

Southern Altai: кӱлӱмзрер (külümzrer)

There are historically four main forms across different languages:
# *külüm (“smile”) + *-si- and its reflexive form *külüm (“smile”) + *-sin-.
# *kül- (“to laugh”) + *-si- + *-r-
# *külüm (“smile”) + *-si- + *-r + *-e-.


sȫk-

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: söymək

Ottoman Turkish:

Gagauz: süümää

Turkish: sövmek

Turkmen: sȫgmek

Karluk:

Karakhanid: سُوكْماكْ (sȫkmēk)

Chagatai:

Uyghur: [script needed] (sökmek)

Uzbek: so‘kmoq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: һүгеү (hügew)

Tatar: сүгеү (sügew)

West Kipchak:

Karaim: [script needed] (sök-)

Kumyk: [script needed] (sök-)

South Kipchak:

Caspian:

Karakalpak: [script needed] (sökiw)

Kazakh: сөгу (sögu)

Nogai: [script needed] (sök-)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: сөгүү (sögüü)

Southern Altai: [script needed] (sök-)

Siberian:

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (sök-)

North Siberian:

Dolgan: [script needed] (üök-)

Yakut: үөх (üöq)

South Siberian:

Yenisei:

Shor: [script needed] (sök-)

Khakas: [script needed] (sök-)


kotuz

kotuz (nominative singular)
kotuzug (accusative singular)
kotuznï (accusative singular)
kotuznuŋ (genitive singular)
kotuzka (dative singular)
kotuzda (locative singular)
kotuzdan (ablative singular)
kotuzgaru (allative singular)
kotuzun (instrumental singular)
kotuzča (equative singular)
kotuzlayu (singular)
kotuzlugu (comitative singular)

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: qotaz

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: hotoz

Turkmen: gotaz

Karluk:

desctree

Karakhanid: قُتُزْ (qutuz)
→ Tajik: қутос (qutos)
Uyghur: قوتاز (qotaz)
Uzbek: qoʻtos

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Tatar: кутаз (qutaz)

South Kipchak:

Kipchak-Nogai:

Kazakh: қодас (qodas)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: котос (kotos)


seč-

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: seçmək

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: seçmek

Gagauz: seçmek

Turkmen: seçmek

Kypchak:

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: чечүү (cecüü)

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (sečmēk)

Siberian:

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (seč-)

Potentially an alternate form of *seĺ- (“to untie”).

(Common Turkic, transitive) to select, choose


bus-

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: pusmaq

Ottoman Turkish: پوصمق (pusmak)

Turkish: pusmak

Turkmen: busmak

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (busmāk)

Uzbek: pismoq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: боҫоу (bośow)

Tatar: посу (posu)

Siberian:

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (bus-)

(Common Turkic, intransitive) to hide, to lay in ambush


üdre-

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: üremek

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (üdrēmēk)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (üdre-)

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (üdre-)

Likely from *üdür + *-e from *üd- whence also *üdig (“sexual desire”).

(Common Turkic, intransitive) to reproduce, to increase


sāŕgan

sāŕgan (nominative singular)
sāŕganïg (accusative singular)
sāŕgannï (accusative singular)
sāŕgannïŋ (genitive singular)
sāŕganka (dative singular)
sāŕganta (locative singular)
sāŕgantan (ablative singular)
sāŕgangaru (allative singular)
sāŕganïn (instrumental singular)
sāŕganča (equative singular)
sāŕganlayu (singular)
sāŕganlïgu (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Old Chuvash: шаран (šaran)

→ Hungarian: sárkány

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: sazan

Ottoman Turkish: سازان

Turkish: sazan

Gagauz: sazan

Turkmen: sāzan

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (sazgan)

Uzbek: sazan

Kipchak: [script needed] (sazagan)

North Kypchak:

Bashkir: һаҙан (haźan)

Kypchak-Nogai:

Kazakh: сазан (sazan)

Kyrgyz–Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: [script needed] (sazan)

Southern Altai: сазан (sazan)

Siberian:

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tuvan: [script needed] (sazan)

Potentially from *siāŕ + *-gan. Compare with Proto-Mongolic *sirüxe (“ruff (fish)”) and Proto-Mongolic *sïraxu (“earth”).


kūrt

kūrt (nominative singular)
kūrtug (accusative singular)
kūrtnï (accusative singular)
kūrtnuŋ (genitive singular)
kūrtka (dative singular)
kūrtda (locative singular)
kūrtdan (ablative singular)
kūrtgaru (allative singular)
kūrtun (instrumental singular)
kūrtča (equative singular)
kūrtlayu (singular)
kūrtlugu (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Chuvash: хорт (hort), хурт (hurt)

Common Turkic:

Arghu:

Khalaj: qûrt

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: qurd

desc

Ottoman Turkish: قورت (kurt), (diminutive) قورتجغز (kurtcağız)

Turkish: kurt, (diminutive) kurtçuk

Gagauz: курт, kurt

Turkmen: gurt, (diminutive) gurçuk

Karluk:

Karakhanid: قُرْتْ (qurt)

Uyghur: قۇرۇت (qurut)

Uzbek: qurt

Kipchak:

Kypchak-Bulgar:

Tatar: корт (qort), qort

Bashkir: ҡорт (qort)

Kypchak-Nogai:

Karakalpak: qurt

Kazakh: құрт (qūrt)

Kyrgyz–Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: курт (kurt)

Kipchak–Cuman:

Crimean Tatar: къурт, qurt

Karaim: курт

Karachay-Balkar: къурт (qurt)

Kumyk: хурт (xurt)

North Kypchak:

Bashkir: ҡорт (qort)

Siberian:

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tofa: ӄуърт

Tuvan: курт (kurt)

Yenisei:

Khakas: хурт (xurt)

Western Yugur: қурт

The meaning wolf seen exclusively in Oghuz is likely due to taboo speech. Compare Turkmen möjek (“wolf”) from *bȫgček (“insect”).


ï̄t

ï̄t (nominative singular)
ï̄tïg (accusative singular)
ï̄tnï (accusative singular)
ï̄tnïŋ (genitive singular)
ï̄tka (dative singular)
ï̄tda (locative singular)
ï̄tdan (ablative singular)
ï̄tgaru (allative singular)
ï̄tïn (instrumental singular)
ï̄tča (equative singular)
ï̄tlayu (singular)
ï̄tlïgu (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Chuvash: йытӑ (jyt̬ă)

Common Turkic:

Arghu:

Khalaj: ît

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (it)

Azerbaijani: it

Ottoman Turkish: ایت (it)

Turkish: it (derogatory)

Gagauz: it

Salar: idd, it

Turkmen: it

Karluk:

Karakhanid: ات (it)

Uyghur: ئىت (it)

Uzbek: it

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: эт (et)

Tatar: эт (et)

West Kipchak:

Crimeaic Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: it

Urum: ит (it)

Karachay-Balkar: ит (it)

Kumyk: ит (it)

South Kipchak:

Karakalpak: [script needed] (iyt)

Kazakh: ит (it)

Nogai: ийт (iyt)

East Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: ит (it)

Southern Altai: ийт (iyt)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: 𐰃𐱃 (ït)

Old Uyghur: yt (ït)

Western Yugur: əʃt

→? Salar: idd

North Siberian:

Dolgan: ыт

Yakut: ыт (ıt)

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tuvan: ыт (ıt)


yās

yās (nominative singular)
yāsïg (accusative singular)
yāsnï (accusative singular)
yāsnïŋ (genitive singular)
yāska (dative singular)
yāsda (locative singular)
yāsdan (ablative singular)
yāsgaru (allative singular)
yāsïn (instrumental singular)
yāsča (equative singular)
yāslayu (singular)
yāslïgu (comitative singular)

Oghur: *ʒās

Old Chuvash: *ďās

→ Old Hungarian: gazolcodic (ďāsolkodik, “to wear funeral clothes, to be bereft”) (c. 1416)

Hungarian: gyász (“bereavement, mourning”)

Anatri: *śüs

→ Eastern Mari: сӧс (sös, “memorial celebration”)

Common Turkic: *yās

Oghuz: [Term?] (yās, “death”)

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: yas

Ottoman Turkish: یاس (yâs)

Turkish: yas

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: yās (“feast held after a funeral, mourning”)

Karluk:

Karakhanid: ىاَسْ (yās, “loss, mourning; trade deficit”)

Chagatai: ىاَسْ (yās, “lamentation”)

Kipchak:

Kipchak: ias (yās, “melancholy, sadness”)

Siberian Turkic:

North Siberian Turkic:

Dolgan: һаатыннар (“to shame (tran.)”)

Yakut: саат (saat)

Yakut: саат-тааһ (saat-taah, “enemy”)

South Siberian Turkic:

Old Uyghur: yʾs (yas, “shame, sadness”)

Unknown. In modern descendants, excluding Yakut, the reflexes of this root are indistinguishable from loanwords from Arabic يَأْس (yaʔs) although Oghuz forms are definitely not loanwords from said source.


tilkü

tilkü (nominative singular)
tilküg (accusative singular)
tilküni (accusative singular)
tilkünüŋ (genitive singular)
tilküke (dative singular)
tilküde (locative singular)
tilküden (ablative singular)
tilkügerü (allative singular)
tilkün (instrumental singular)
tilküče (equative singular)
tilküleyü (singular)
tilkülügü (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Chuvash: тилӗ (tilĕ)

Common Turkic:

Arghu:

Khalaj: tilkü

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish: دلكو (dilkü)

Azerbaijani: tülkü

Ottoman Turkish: تلكی (tilki)

Turkish: tilki

Gagauz: tilki

Turkmen: tilki

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (tilkü, tilki)

Uyghur: تۈلكە (tülke)

Uzbek: tulki

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: төлкө (tölkö)

Tatar: төлке (tölke)

South Kipchak:

Kipchak-Nogai:

Karakalpak: [script needed] (tülki)

Kazakh: түлкі (tülkı)

Nogai: туьлки (tülki)

Kyrgyz–Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: түлкү (tülkü)

Southern Altai: тӱлкӱ (tülkü)

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: tilki

Karachay-Balkar: тюлкю (tülkü)

Kumyk: тюлкю (tülkü)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (tilkü)

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (tilkü)

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tuvan: дилги (dilgi)

Khakas: тӱлгӱ (tülgü)

Shor: тӱлгӱ

Connected to Proto-Tungusic *tulge (“wolf”) by EDAL.


kān-

Oghur:

→? Mongolian: ханах (xanax)

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: qanmaq

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: kanmak

Turkmen: gānmak

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (kan-)

Uyghur: [script needed] (kan-)

Uzbek: konmok

Kipchak:

South Kipchak:

Kazakh: [script needed] (qan-)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: [script needed] (qan-)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (kan-)

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (kan-)

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tuvan: [script needed] (xan-)

(Common Turkic, intransitive) to be satisfied


kẹyik

kẹyik (nominative singular)
kẹyikig (accusative singular)
kẹyikni (accusative singular)
kẹyikniŋ (genitive singular)
kẹyikke (dative singular)
kẹyikde (locative singular)
kẹyikden (ablative singular)
kẹyikgerü (allative singular)
kẹyikin (instrumental singular)
kẹyikče (equative singular)
kẹyikleyü (singular)
kẹyikligü (comitative singular)

Oghur:

desctree

Chuvash: кайӑк (kajăk, “bird”)
→ Eastern Mari: кайык (kajyk)

Common Turkic:

Proto-Oghuz: *geyik

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: keýik

West Oghuz:

Ottoman Turkish: كیك (geyik)

Turkish: geyik

desc

→ Armenian: կէյիկ (kēyik), կըյըկ (kəyək)

Salar: kiyik

Karluk:

Karakhanid: كَیِكْ (keyik)

Uyghur: كىيىك (kiyik)

Uzbek: kiyik

Kipchak:

East Kipchak:

Southern Altai: кийик (kiyik)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: 𐰚𐰃𐰘𐰃𐰚 (kiyik)

South Siberian:

Yenisei:

Khakas: киик (kiik)


-sire

Common Turkic:

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (sire-)

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (sire-)

Kipchak

South Kipchak

Nogai: -сире (-sire)

East Kipchak

Kyrgyz: -сире (-sire), -сүрө (-sürö)

Southern Altai: -зире (-zire), -зӱре (-züre), -сире (-sire), -сӱре (-süre)

ȫg (“mind”) + *-sire → *ȫgsire- (“to faint”)

(Old Turkic) Suffix creating a verb with the meaning of "to be without, to be deprived of" from a noun.


kạdï

kạdï (nominative singular)
kạdïg (accusative singular)
kạdïnï (accusative singular)
kạdïnïŋ (genitive singular)
kạdïka (dative singular)
kạdïda (locative singular)
kạdïdan (ablative singular)
kạdïgaru (allative singular)
kạdïn (instrumental singular)
kạdïča (equative singular)
kạdïlayu (singular)
kạdïlïgu (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Chuvash: хыр (hyr)

Common Turkic:

Siberian:

South Siberian:

Sayan:

Tofa: хады

Tuvan: хады (xadı)

Yeniseian:

Khakas: хазы (xazı)

Helimski (1995) supposed a loan from < Proto-Samoyedic *kåət, ultimately from Proto-Uralic *kowse.


tabra-

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: davranmak

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (tavramaq)

Siberian:

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (tavra-)

South Siberian:

Khakas: [script needed] (dabıra-)


tāp-

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: [script needed] (tapa-)

Tatar: [script needed] (tapa-) (dial.)

South Kipchak:

Kazakh: тапау (tapau)

Common Turkic: *tāpyra-

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

lb

Azerbaijani: dabrımağ (“to run fast”) (Dialect, Əli Bayramlı, İmişli, Kürdəmir, Qazax, Saatlı, Sabirabad, Salyan, Şamaxı)

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: dabramak (“to run fast”) (Dialect, Denizli, Muğla)

Turkmen: dābyramak (“to ride, stamp”)

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (tabrımaq)


tāpan

Oghur:

Chuvash: тупан (tup̬an)

Common Turkic:

Arghu:

Khalaj: tâpân

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: daban

Ottoman Turkish:

Gagauz: taban

Turkish: taban

Turkmen: dāban

Karluk:

Karakhanid: تَبَنْ (tapan)

Chagatai: [script needed] (taban/tapan)

Uyghur: [script needed] (tapan)

Uzbek: tobon

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: [script needed] (taban)

Tatar: [script needed] (taban)

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: [script needed] (taban)

desc

Karachay-Balkar: [script needed] (taban)

Karaim: [script needed] (taban)

Kumyk: [script needed] (taban)

South Kipchak:

Caspian:

Karakalpak: [script needed] (taban)

Kazakh: табан (taban)

Nogai: [script needed] (taban)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: таман (taman)

Southern Altai: таман (taman)

Siberian:

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (tawan)

Western Yugur: [script needed] (tawan)

South Siberian:

Sayan:

Tofa: [script needed] (taman)

Tuvan: [script needed] (tavan)

From Proto-Turkic *tāp(a)- (“to trample”).
Akin to Proto-Mongolic *tabag.


ȫrgüč

ȫrgüč (nominative singular)
ȫrgüčüg (accusative singular)
ȫrgüčni (accusative singular)
ȫrgüčnüŋ (genitive singular)
ȫrgüčke (dative singular)
ȫrgüčde (locative singular)
ȫrgüčden (ablative singular)
ȫrgüčgerü (allative singular)
ȫrgüčün (instrumental singular)
ȫrgüčče (equative singular)
ȫrgüčleyü (singular)
ȫrgüčlügü (comitative singular)

Oghur:

Bulgar: *вӑркӑч (vărkăč)

→ Proto-Slavic: *vъrkočь

Polish: warkocz


örčüg

örčüg (nominative singular)
örčügüg (accusative singular)
örčügni (accusative singular)
örčügnüŋ (genitive singular)
örčügke (dative singular)
örčügde (locative singular)
örčügden (ablative singular)
örčüggerü (allative singular)
örčügün (instrumental singular)
örčügče (equative singular)
örčügleyü (singular)
örčüglügü (comitative singular)

Oghur:

→ Hungarian: orsó

Karluk:

Uzbek: urchuq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak

Bashkir: орсоҡ (orsoq)

West Kipchak:

Karachay-Balkar: урчукъ (urçuq)

Central Kipchak:

Kazakh: ұршық (ūrşyq)