bědьnъ

bědьnъ (masculine nominative singular)
bědьna (feminine nominative singular)
bědьno (neuter nominative singular)
bědьna (genitive masculine singular)
bědьny (feminine genitive singular)
bědьna (genitive neuter singular)
bědьnu (dative masculine singular)
bědьně (dative feminine singular)
bědьnu (dative neuter singular)
bědьnъ (accusative masculine singular)
bědьnǫ (accusative feminine singular)
bědьno (accusative neuter singular)
bědьnomь (instrumental masculine singular)
bědьnojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
bědьnomь (instrumental neuter singular)
bědьně (locative masculine singular)
bědьně (feminine locative singular)
bědьně (locative neuter singular)
bědьne (masculine singular vocative)
bědьno (feminine singular vocative)
bědьno (neuter singular vocative)
bědьna (dual masculine nominative)
bědьně (dual feminine nominative)
bědьně (dual neuter nominative)
bědьnu (dual genitive masculine)
bědьnu (dual feminine genitive)
bědьnu (dual genitive neuter)
bědьnoma (dative dual masculine)
bědьnama (dative dual feminine)
bědьnoma (dative dual neuter)
bědьna (accusative dual masculine)
bědьně (accusative dual feminine)
bědьně (accusative dual neuter)
bědьnoma (dual instrumental masculine)
bědьnama (dual feminine instrumental)
bědьnoma (dual instrumental neuter)
bědьnu (dual locative masculine)
bědьnu (dual feminine locative)
bědьnu (dual locative neuter)
bědьna (dual masculine vocative)
bědьně (dual feminine vocative)
bědьně (dual neuter vocative)
bědьni (masculine nominative plural)
bědьny (feminine nominative plural)
bědьna (neuter nominative plural)
bědьnъ (genitive masculine plural)
bědьnъ (feminine genitive plural)
bědьnъ (genitive neuter plural)
bědьnomъ (dative masculine plural)
bědьnamъ (dative feminine plural)
bědьnomъ (dative neuter plural)
bědьny (accusative masculine plural)
bědьny (accusative feminine plural)
bědьna (accusative neuter plural)
bědьny (instrumental masculine plural)
bědьnami (feminine instrumental plural)
bědьny (instrumental neuter plural)
bědьněxъ (locative masculine plural)
bědьnaxъ (feminine locative plural)
bědьněxъ (locative neuter plural)
bědьni (masculine plural vocative)
bědьny (feminine plural vocative)
bědьna (neuter plural vocative)
bědьnъjь (masculine nominative singular)
bědьnaja (feminine nominative singular)
bědьnoje (neuter nominative singular)
bědьnajego (genitive masculine singular)
bědьnyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
bědьnajego (genitive neuter singular)
bědьnujemu (dative masculine singular)
bědьněji (dative feminine singular)
bědьnujemu (dative neuter singular)
bědьnъjь (accusative masculine singular)
bědьnǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
bědьnoje (accusative neuter singular)
bědьnyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
bědьnǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
bědьnyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
bědьnějemь (locative masculine singular)
bědьněji (feminine locative singular)
bědьnějemь (locative neuter singular)
bědьnъjь (masculine singular vocative)
bědьnaja (feminine singular vocative)
bědьnoje (neuter singular vocative)
bědьnaja (dual masculine nominative)
bědьněji (dual feminine nominative)
bědьněji (dual neuter nominative)
bědьnuju (dual genitive masculine)
bědьnuju (dual feminine genitive)
bědьnuju (dual genitive neuter)
bědьnyjima (dative dual masculine)
bědьnyjima (dative dual feminine)
bědьnyjima (dative dual neuter)
bědьnaja (accusative dual masculine)
bědьněji (accusative dual feminine)
bědьněji (accusative dual neuter)
bědьnyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
bědьnyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
bědьnyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
bědьnuju (dual locative masculine)
bědьnuju (dual feminine locative)
bědьnuju (dual locative neuter)
bědьnaja (dual masculine vocative)
bědьněji (dual feminine vocative)
bědьněji (dual neuter vocative)
bědьniji (masculine nominative plural)
bědьnyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
bědьnaja (neuter nominative plural)
bědьnъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
bědьnъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
bědьnъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
bědьnyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
bědьnyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
bědьnyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
bědьnyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
bědьnyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
bědьnaja (accusative neuter plural)
bědьnyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
bědьnyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
bědьnyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
bědьnyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
bědьnyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
bědьnyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
bědьniji (masculine plural vocative)
bědьnyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
bědьnaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic:

Belarusian: бе́дны (bjédny)

Carpathian Rusyn: бі́дный (bídnŷj)

Russian: бе́дный (bédnyj)

Ukrainian: бі́дний (bídnyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: бѣдьнъ (bědĭnŭ)

Bulgarian: бе́ден (béden)

Macedonian: беден (beden)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic: бе̑дан, бије̑дан

Latin: bȇdan, bijȇdan

Slovene: bẹ́dən (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: bídný, bědný

Polish: biedny

Old Slovak: bídny, biedny

Pannonian Rusyn: бидни (bidni)

Slovak: biedny

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: bědny

Upper Sorbian: bědny


mǫdo

*mǫdь (alternative)
mǫdo (nominative singular)
mǫdě (dual nominative)
mǫda (nominative plural)
mǫda (genitive singular)
mǫdu (dual genitive)
mǫdъ (genitive plural)
mǫdu (dative singular)
mǫdoma (dative dual)
mǫdomъ (dative plural)
mǫdo (accusative singular)
mǫdě (accusative dual)
mǫda (accusative plural)
mǫdъmь (instrumental singular)
mǫdomь (instrumental singular)
mǫdoma (dual instrumental)
mǫdy (instrumental plural)
mǫdě (locative singular)
mǫdu (dual locative)
mǫděxъ (locative plural)
mǫdo (singular vocative)
mǫdě (dual vocative)
mǫda (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: мѫдо (mǫdo)

Old Ruthenian: мудо (mudo)

Ukrainian: му́до (múdo)

Russian: мудо́ (mudó)

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic: мѫдо (mǫdo)

Bulgarian: мъдо́ (mǎdó) (colloquial)

Macedonian: маде (made) (colloquial)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: му́до

Latin script: múdo

Slovene: mọ̄do (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: múdo, múd

Czech: moud

Old Polish: mądo

Polish: mądа

Old Slovak: múď

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: mud

Upper Sorbian: mudo

Related to Latin mentula (< *mn̥tolā), from Proto-Indo-European *men- "to protrude, to project, to stick out", id est PIE: *mondʰom > *mǫdo.


posъlъ

posъlъ (nominative singular)
posъla (dual nominative)
posъli (nominative plural)
posъla (genitive singular)
posъlu (dual genitive)
posъlъ (genitive plural)
posъlu (dative singular)
posъloma (dative dual)
posъlomъ (dative plural)
posъlъ (accusative singular)
posъla (accusative dual)
posъly (accusative plural)
posъlъmь (instrumental singular)
posъlomь (instrumental singular)
posъloma (dual instrumental)
posъly (instrumental plural)
posъlě (locative singular)
posъlu (dual locative)
posъlěxъ (locative plural)
posъle (singular vocative)
posъla (dual vocative)
posъli (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: посълъ (posŭlŭ)

Belarusian: пасо́л (pasól)

Russian: посо́л (posól)

→ Bulgarian: посо́л (posól) (obsolete)

Ukrainian: посо́л (posól)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: по̀сао

Latin script: pòsao

Slovene: pósəł (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: posel

Czech: posel

Kashubian: pòseł, pòsél, pòsélc

Polish: poseł

Slovak: posol

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: pósoł

Non-Slavic:

→ Albanian: pusullë

Deverbal from *posъlati (“to appoint, to send”).


posъlati

posъlàti (canonical perfective)
posylati (imperfective)
b (accent-paradigm)
posъlanьje (noun-from-verb)
posъlati (infinitive)
posъlatъ (supine)
posъlalъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
posъlanъ (participle passive past)
posъlavъ (active participle past)
b (accent-paradigm)
posъlaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
posъla (aorist second-person singular)
posъla (aorist singular third-person)
posъľǫ (first-person present singular)
posъľeši (present second-person singular)
posъľetь (present singular third-person)
posъlaxově (aorist dual first-person)
posъlasta (aorist dual second-person)
posъlaste (aorist dual third-person)
posъľevě (dual first-person present)
posъľeta (dual present second-person)
posъľete (dual present third-person)
posъlaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
posъlaste (aorist plural second-person)
posъlašę (aorist plural third-person)
posъľemъ (first-person plural present)
posъľete (plural present second-person)
posъľǫtь (plural present third-person)
posъľi (imperative second-person singular)
posъľi (imperative singular third-person)
posъľivě (dual first-person imperative)
posъľita (dual imperative second-person)
posъľimъ (first-person imperative plural)
posъľite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: пасла́ць (paslácʹ)

Russian: посла́ть (poslátʹ)

Ukrainian: посла́ти (posláty)

South Slavic:

desc

Old Church Slavonic: посълати (posŭlati), посьлати (posĭlati)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: по̀слати

Latin script: pòslati

Slovene: posláti

West Slavic:

Old Czech: poslati

Czech: poslat

Polish: posłać

Slovak: poslať


posylati

posylàti (canonical imperfective)
posъlàti (perfective)
b (accent-paradigm)
posylanьje (noun-from-verb)
posylati (infinitive)
posylatъ (supine)
posylalъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
posylanъ (participle passive past)
posylajemъ (participle passive present)
posylavъ (active participle past)
posylaję (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
posylaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
posyla (aorist second-person singular)
posyla (aorist singular third-person)
posylajǫ (first-person present singular)
posylaješi (present second-person singular)
posylajetь (present singular third-person)
posylaxově (aorist dual first-person)
posylasta (aorist dual second-person)
posylaste (aorist dual third-person)
posylajevě (dual first-person present)
posylajeta (dual present second-person)
posylajete (dual present third-person)
posylaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
posylaste (aorist plural second-person)
posylašę (aorist plural third-person)
posylajemъ (first-person plural present)
posylajete (plural present second-person)
posylajǫtь (plural present third-person)
posylaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
posylaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
posylaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
posylaji (imperative second-person singular)
posylaji (imperative singular third-person)
posylaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
posylaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
posylaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
posylajivě (dual first-person imperative)
posylajita (dual imperative second-person)
posylaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
posylaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
posylaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
posylajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
posylajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: пасыла́ць (pasylácʹ)

Russian: посыла́ть (posylátʹ)

Ukrainian: посила́ти (posyláty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: посꙑлати (posylati)

Bulgarian: поси́лам (posílam) (dated)

⇒ Slovene: pošíljati

West Slavic:

Polish: posyłać


krina

krina (nominative singular)
krině (dual nominative)
kriny (nominative plural)
kriny (genitive singular)
krinu (dual genitive)
krinъ (genitive plural)
krině (dative singular)
krinama (dative dual)
krinamъ (dative plural)
krinǫ (accusative singular)
krině (accusative dual)
kriny (accusative plural)
krinojǫ (instrumental singular)
krinǫ (instrumental singular)
krinama (dual instrumental)
krinami (instrumental plural)
krině (locative singular)
krinu (dual locative)
krinasъ (locative plural)
krinaxъ (locative plural)
krino (singular vocative)
krině (dual vocative)
kriny (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: крина (krina), крин (krin)

Russian: кри́на (krína), oftener кри́нка (krínka), sometimes кры́нка (krýnka)

South Slavic:

⇒ Old Church Slavonic: криница (krinica)

Bulgarian: кри́на (krína) (dialectal, archaic), кри́ница (krínica), кри́нка (krínka)

Serbo-Croatian: (obsolete)

Cyrillic script: крина, кри̏ња

Latin script: krina, krȉnja

Slovene: krínja (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: křinka (obsolete)

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: kśinka, kśinica

Upper Sorbian: křinka

Non-Slavic:

→ Albanian: krinë

→ Aromanian: crinã

→ Greek: κρινί (kriní), κρίνα (krína)

→ Romanian: crintă

Unknown, speculated to be resultant to *kriti (“*to twist, to make curved; *to make circulate; to purchase”) also found in *krivъ (“curved”).

a kind of bulbous container thinner and open on the top, calabash so to say


klamati

klamàti (canonical imperfective)
klamanьje (noun-from-verb)
klamati (infinitive)
klamatъ (supine)
klamalъ (l-participle)
klamanъ (participle passive past)
klamajemъ (participle passive present)
klamavъ (active participle past)
klamaję (active participle present)
klamaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
klama (aorist second-person singular)
klama (aorist singular third-person)
klamajǫ (first-person present singular)
klamaješi (present second-person singular)
klamajetь (present singular third-person)
klamaxově (aorist dual first-person)
klamasta (aorist dual second-person)
klamaste (aorist dual third-person)
klamajevě (dual first-person present)
klamajeta (dual present second-person)
klamajete (dual present third-person)
klamaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
klamaste (aorist plural second-person)
klamašę (aorist plural third-person)
klamajemъ (first-person plural present)
klamajete (plural present second-person)
klamajǫtь (plural present third-person)
klamaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
klamaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
klamaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
klamaji (imperative second-person singular)
klamaji (imperative singular third-person)
klamaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
klamaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
klamaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
klamajivě (dual first-person imperative)
klamajita (dual imperative second-person)
klamaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
klamaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
klamaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
klamajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
klamajite (imperative plural second-person)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кла̏мати (dialectal)

Latin script: klȁmati (dialectal)

Slovene: klamáti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: klamat, (dialectal) kľamať

Polish: kłamać

Slovak: klamať

Unknown, possibly of expressive origin with original meaning to swindle, to swing. Morphologically from *klama + *-ati.

onomatopoeic

expressive


glota

glota (nominative singular)
glotě (dual nominative)
gloty (nominative plural)
gloty (genitive singular)
glotu (dual genitive)
glotъ (genitive plural)
glotě (dative singular)
glotama (dative dual)
glotamъ (dative plural)
glotǫ (accusative singular)
glotě (accusative dual)
gloty (accusative plural)
glotojǫ (instrumental singular)
glotǫ (instrumental singular)
glotama (dual instrumental)
glotami (instrumental plural)
glotě (locative singular)
glotu (dual locative)
glotasъ (locative plural)
glotaxъ (locative plural)
gloto (singular vocative)
glotě (dual vocative)
gloty (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: глота (glota, “crowd”)

desc

Ukrainian: гло́та (hlóta), глота́ (hlotá, “narrowing”); гліт m (hlit)

⇒ Ukrainian: глоти́ти (hlotýty, “to squeeze”)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: гло́та (glóta) (dialectal)

Macedonian: глотка (glotka) (diminutive)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: гло́та, гло̏та; гло̏т m

Latin script: glóta, glȍta; glȍt m

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: glȏta, glóta (tonal orthography) (dialectal)

Non-Slavic:

→ Romanian: gloată (“band, mob”)

Per Melnyčuk (EDUM), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“to amass, to clot”), akin to Proto-West Germanic *klott (“clod, lump”), Proto-Germanic *kelþaz (“fetus”). Trubačev (ESSJa) presumes heterogenous origin, with possibly influence from *golota (“nakedness”).


zьlčь

zьlčь (canonical)
žь̑lčь (canonical feminine)
zьlčь (nominative singular)
zьlči (dual nominative)
zьlči (nominative plural)
zьlči (genitive singular)
zьlčьju (dual genitive)
zьlču (dual genitive)
zьlčьjь (genitive plural)
zьlči (genitive plural)
zьlči (dative singular)
zьlčьma (dative dual)
zьlčьmъ (dative plural)
zьlčь (accusative singular)
zьlči (accusative dual)
zьlči (accusative plural)
zьlčьjǫ (instrumental singular)
zьlčǫ (instrumental singular)
zьlčьma (dual instrumental)
zьlčьmi (instrumental plural)
zьlči (locative singular)
zьlčьju (dual locative)
zьlču (dual locative)
zьlčьxъ (locative plural)
zьlči (singular vocative)
zьlči (dual vocative)
zьlči (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: зълчь (zŭlčĭ), жълчь (žŭlčĭ)

Old Ruthenian: жолчь (žolčʹ), золчь (zolčʹ), желчь (želčʹ)

Belarusian: жоўць (žoŭcʹ)

Middle Ukrainian: жовчъ (žovč), жолчъ (žolč), желчъ (želč)

Carpathian Rusyn: жовч (žovč)

Ukrainian: жовч (žovč)

жовть (žovtʹ)

West Polesian: жовть (žovtʹ)

Russian: жёлчь (žolčʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: зльчь (zlĭčĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰸⰾⱐⱍⱐ (zlĭčĭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: жу̑ч

Latin script: žȗč

Slovene: žȏłč (tonal orthography)

Rovte dialect (Črni vrh, Idrija): žȍu̯č

West Slavic:

Old Czech: žlč

Czech: žluč

Bohemian (Chod dialect): zluč, žluč

Moravian (Mistřice): žuť

Old Polish: żółć

Polish: żółć

Silesian: żōłć

Polabian: *zåuc; ⇒ zåucnĕk

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: żôłc

Slovak: žlč

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: žołč

Lower Sorbian: žołc

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *źulˀkis/*źulˀktis, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃-. Cognate with Lithuanian tulži̇̀s (via metathesis), Latvian žul̂ts, žul̂kts f. Related to *zelenъ (“green”), *zoltъ (“golden”), with possible influence from *žьltъ.
For the semantic relation, compare Proto-Germanic *gallǭ (“gall”), Ancient Greek χολή (kholḗ, “bile”) from the same proto-root.


gъrčь

gъ̀rčь (canonical masculine)
*gъ̀rča (alternative)
gъrčь (nominative singular)
gъrča (dual nominative)
gъrči (nominative plural)
gъrča (genitive singular)
gъrču (dual genitive)
gъrčь (genitive plural)
gъrču (dative singular)
gъrčema (dative dual)
gъrčemъ (dative plural)
gъrčь (accusative singular)
gъrča (accusative dual)
gъrčę̇ (accusative plural)
gъrčьmь (instrumental singular)
gъrčemь (instrumental singular)
gъrčema (dual instrumental)
gъrči (instrumental plural)
gъrči (locative singular)
gъrču (dual locative)
gъrčixъ (locative plural)
gъrču (singular vocative)
gъrča (dual vocative)
gъrči (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Ukrainian: ги́рч'а (hýrčʺa) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: гърч (gǎrč)

Macedonian: грч (grč)

Serbo-Croatian::

Cyrillic script: гр̏ч; грча

Latin script: gȑč; grča

Slovene: gŕč (tonal orthography); gŕča

West Slavic:

Czech: hrč f, hrča (dialectal)

Slovak: hrča (dialectal)

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: görcs

Possibly an expressive variant of Proto-Slavic *kъrčь (“spasm”) or alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to bend, to twine”) + *-čь, akin to Proto-Slavic *gъrbъ (“hump”).


gъlkъ

*gъlka (alternative)
*gъlčь (alternative)
gъlkъ (nominative singular)
gъlka (dual nominative)
gъlci (nominative plural)
gъlka (genitive singular)
gъlku (dual genitive)
gъlkъ (genitive plural)
gъlku (dative singular)
gъlkoma (dative dual)
gъlkomъ (dative plural)
gъlkъ (accusative singular)
gъlka (accusative dual)
gъlky (accusative plural)
gъlkъmь (instrumental singular)
gъlkomь (instrumental singular)
gъlkoma (dual instrumental)
gъlky (instrumental plural)
gъlcě (locative singular)
gъlku (dual locative)
gъlcěxъ (locative plural)
gъlče (singular vocative)
gъlka (dual vocative)
gъlci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: гълка f (gŭlka), голка f (golka)

Old Ruthenian: го́лка f (hólka)

Russian: голк (golk) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic: глъкъ (glŭkŭ), глъка f (glŭka) (Russian recension)

Church Slavonic: глъкъ (glŭkŭ) (Czech recension)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: hluk

Czech: hluk

Old Polish: giełk

Middle Polish: giełk, giełch, giełg

⇒ Polish: zgiełk

Silesian: giyłk

Slovak: hluk

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: hołk

Non-Slavic:

→ Romanian: holcă


gъlčь

gъlčь (nominative singular)
gъlča (dual nominative)
gъlči (nominative plural)
gъlča (genitive singular)
gъlču (dual genitive)
gъlčь (genitive plural)
gъlču (dative singular)
gъlčema (dative dual)
gъlčemъ (dative plural)
gъlčь (accusative singular)
gъlča (accusative dual)
gъlčę̇ (accusative plural)
gъlčьmь (instrumental singular)
gъlčemь (instrumental singular)
gъlčema (dual instrumental)
gъlči (instrumental plural)
gъlči (locative singular)
gъlču (dual locative)
gъlčixъ (locative plural)
gъlču (singular vocative)
gъlča (dual vocative)
gъlči (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: глъч (glǎč), глъ́чка (glǎ́čka)

Slovene: gо̀łč (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Middle Polish: giełć


mьlkъ

*mьlčь (alternative)
mьlkъ (nominative singular)
mьlka (dual nominative)
mьlci (nominative plural)
mьlka (genitive singular)
mьlku (dual genitive)
mьlkъ (genitive plural)
mьlku (dative singular)
mьlkoma (dative dual)
mьlkomъ (dative plural)
mьlkъ (accusative singular)
mьlka (accusative dual)
mьlky (accusative plural)
mьlkъmь (instrumental singular)
mьlkomь (instrumental singular)
mьlkoma (dual instrumental)
mьlky (instrumental plural)
mьlcě (locative singular)
mьlku (dual locative)
mьlcěxъ (locative plural)
mьlče (singular vocative)
mьlka (dual vocative)
mьlci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: мо́вком (móvkom) (adverb)

Russian: мо́лком (mólkom) (adverb)

South Slavic:

⇒ Old Church Slavonic: млъкомь (mlŭkomĭ) (adverb)

Bulgarian: млък (mlǎk), млъч (mlǎč) (dialectal)

⇒ Bulgarian: тихомъ́лком (tihomǎ́lkom) (adverb)

Macedonian: молк (molk)

Serbo-Croatian::

Cyrillic script: му̑к

Latin script: mȗk

Slovene: mọ̑łk (tonal orthography)

See Proto-Slavic *mьlčati (“to be silent”).


sъkromьnъ

sъkromьnъ (masculine nominative singular)
sъkromьna (feminine nominative singular)
sъkromьno (neuter nominative singular)
sъkromьna (genitive masculine singular)
sъkromьny (feminine genitive singular)
sъkromьna (genitive neuter singular)
sъkromьnu (dative masculine singular)
sъkromьně (dative feminine singular)
sъkromьnu (dative neuter singular)
sъkromьnъ (accusative masculine singular)
sъkromьnǫ (accusative feminine singular)
sъkromьno (accusative neuter singular)
sъkromьnomь (instrumental masculine singular)
sъkromьnojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
sъkromьnomь (instrumental neuter singular)
sъkromьně (locative masculine singular)
sъkromьně (feminine locative singular)
sъkromьně (locative neuter singular)
sъkromьne (masculine singular vocative)
sъkromьno (feminine singular vocative)
sъkromьno (neuter singular vocative)
sъkromьna (dual masculine nominative)
sъkromьně (dual feminine nominative)
sъkromьně (dual neuter nominative)
sъkromьnu (dual genitive masculine)
sъkromьnu (dual feminine genitive)
sъkromьnu (dual genitive neuter)
sъkromьnoma (dative dual masculine)
sъkromьnama (dative dual feminine)
sъkromьnoma (dative dual neuter)
sъkromьna (accusative dual masculine)
sъkromьně (accusative dual feminine)
sъkromьně (accusative dual neuter)
sъkromьnoma (dual instrumental masculine)
sъkromьnama (dual feminine instrumental)
sъkromьnoma (dual instrumental neuter)
sъkromьnu (dual locative masculine)
sъkromьnu (dual feminine locative)
sъkromьnu (dual locative neuter)
sъkromьna (dual masculine vocative)
sъkromьně (dual feminine vocative)
sъkromьně (dual neuter vocative)
sъkromьni (masculine nominative plural)
sъkromьny (feminine nominative plural)
sъkromьna (neuter nominative plural)
sъkromьnъ (genitive masculine plural)
sъkromьnъ (feminine genitive plural)
sъkromьnъ (genitive neuter plural)
sъkromьnomъ (dative masculine plural)
sъkromьnamъ (dative feminine plural)
sъkromьnomъ (dative neuter plural)
sъkromьny (accusative masculine plural)
sъkromьny (accusative feminine plural)
sъkromьna (accusative neuter plural)
sъkromьny (instrumental masculine plural)
sъkromьnami (feminine instrumental plural)
sъkromьny (instrumental neuter plural)
sъkromьněxъ (locative masculine plural)
sъkromьnaxъ (feminine locative plural)
sъkromьněxъ (locative neuter plural)
sъkromьni (masculine plural vocative)
sъkromьny (feminine plural vocative)
sъkromьna (neuter plural vocative)
sъkromьnъjь (masculine nominative singular)
sъkromьnaja (feminine nominative singular)
sъkromьnoje (neuter nominative singular)
sъkromьnajego (genitive masculine singular)
sъkromьnyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
sъkromьnajego (genitive neuter singular)
sъkromьnujemu (dative masculine singular)
sъkromьněji (dative feminine singular)
sъkromьnujemu (dative neuter singular)
sъkromьnъjь (accusative masculine singular)
sъkromьnǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
sъkromьnoje (accusative neuter singular)
sъkromьnyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
sъkromьnǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
sъkromьnyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
sъkromьnějemь (locative masculine singular)
sъkromьněji (feminine locative singular)
sъkromьnějemь (locative neuter singular)
sъkromьnъjь (masculine singular vocative)
sъkromьnaja (feminine singular vocative)
sъkromьnoje (neuter singular vocative)
sъkromьnaja (dual masculine nominative)
sъkromьněji (dual feminine nominative)
sъkromьněji (dual neuter nominative)
sъkromьnuju (dual genitive masculine)
sъkromьnuju (dual feminine genitive)
sъkromьnuju (dual genitive neuter)
sъkromьnyjima (dative dual masculine)
sъkromьnyjima (dative dual feminine)
sъkromьnyjima (dative dual neuter)
sъkromьnaja (accusative dual masculine)
sъkromьněji (accusative dual feminine)
sъkromьněji (accusative dual neuter)
sъkromьnyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
sъkromьnyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
sъkromьnyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
sъkromьnuju (dual locative masculine)
sъkromьnuju (dual feminine locative)
sъkromьnuju (dual locative neuter)
sъkromьnaja (dual masculine vocative)
sъkromьněji (dual feminine vocative)
sъkromьněji (dual neuter vocative)
sъkromьniji (masculine nominative plural)
sъkromьnyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
sъkromьnaja (neuter nominative plural)
sъkromьnъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
sъkromьnъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
sъkromьnъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
sъkromьnyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
sъkromьnyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
sъkromьnyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
sъkromьnyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
sъkromьnyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
sъkromьnaja (accusative neuter plural)
sъkromьnyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
sъkromьnyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
sъkromьnyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
sъkromьnyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
sъkromьnyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
sъkromьnyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
sъkromьniji (masculine plural vocative)
sъkromьnyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
sъkromьnaja (neuter plural vocative)

West Slavic:

Czech: skromný

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Polish: skromny

→ Russian: скро́мный (skrómnyj)

→ Bulgarian: скро́мен (skrómen)

→ Belarusian: скро́мны (skrómny)

→ Macedonian: скромен (skromen)

→ Ukrainian: скро́мний (skrómnyj)

From *sъkromъ (“restricted, bounded”) + *-ьnъ. More at *kroma.


čexъlъ

čexъlъ (nominative singular)
čexъla (dual nominative)
čexъli (nominative plural)
čexъla (genitive singular)
čexъlu (dual genitive)
čexъlъ (genitive plural)
čexъlu (dative singular)
čexъloma (dative dual)
čexъlomъ (dative plural)
čexъlъ (accusative singular)
čexъla (accusative dual)
čexъly (accusative plural)
čexъlъmь (instrumental singular)
čexъlomь (instrumental singular)
čexъloma (dual instrumental)
čexъly (instrumental plural)
čexъlě (locative singular)
čexъlu (dual locative)
čexъlěxъ (locative plural)
čexъle (singular vocative)
čexъla (dual vocative)
čexъli (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: чехълъ (čexŭlŭ), чехолъ (čexolŭ), чахолъ (čaxolŭ), чехлъ (čexlŭ, “undershirt”)

Belarusian: чахо́л (čaxól, “slipcover”)

Russian: чехо́л (čexól, “slipcover”), in dialects чахо́л (čaxól)

Ukrainian: чохо́л (čoxól), чо́хла (čóxla, “slipcover”)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: чехъ́л (čehǎ́l, “pantofle”, a shoe-sleeve so to say)

Macedonian: чевел (čevel)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: čechel, čechl

desctree

Old Polish: czecheł, czechło, czacheł, czachło
Polish: czecheł, czechło, czacheł (Middle Polish)

Slovak: čechol, čachol, džachol

desc

→ Old Hungarian: chahol, chyahol (“a type of shirt”)

A derivative probably to *čexati, *česati (“to scratch”) in the sense that “rolling up” the sleeve is scratching, or it means “tearing” relating to the mode of manufacture, with the suffix + *-ъlъ. Curiously the formally fitting Slovene word čéhəlj, čéšəlj means exactly a hair or curry comb.


jьskriti

jьskrìti (canonical imperfective)
*ěskriti (alternative)
*ěstriti (alternative)
*jastriti (alternative)
jьskřenьje (noun-from-verb)
jьskriti (infinitive)
jьskritъ (supine)
jьskrilъ (l-participle)
jьskřenъ (participle passive past)
jьskrimъ (participle passive present)
jьskřь (active participle past)
jьskrę (active participle present)
jьskrixъ (aorist first-person singular)
jьskri (aorist second-person singular)
jьskri (aorist singular third-person)
jьskřǫ (first-person present singular)
jьskriši (present second-person singular)
jьskritь (present singular third-person)
jьskrixově (aorist dual first-person)
jьskrista (aorist dual second-person)
jьskriste (aorist dual third-person)
jьskrivě (dual first-person present)
jьskrita (dual present second-person)
jьskrite (dual present third-person)
jьskrixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
jьskriste (aorist plural second-person)
jьskrišę (aorist plural third-person)
jьskrimъ (first-person plural present)
jьskrite (plural present second-person)
jьskrętь (plural present third-person)
jьskřaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
jьskřaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
jьskřaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
jьskri (imperative second-person singular)
jьskri (imperative singular third-person)
jьskřaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
jьskřaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
jьskřaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
jьskrivě (dual first-person imperative)
jьskrita (dual imperative second-person)
jьskřaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
jьskřaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
jьskřaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
jьskrimъ (first-person imperative plural)
jьskrite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: іскры́ць (iskrýcʹ)

Russian: искри́ть (iskrítʹ), и́скриться (ískritʹsja)

Ukrainian: искри́ти (yskrýty)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: искря́ (iskrjá), и́скря се (ískrja se)

Macedonian: искри (iskri)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: и̏скрити

Latin script: ȉskriti

Slovene: iskríti se

West Slavic:

Czech: jiskřit

Polish: iskrzyć, skrzyć

Slovak: iskriť, jastriť

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: škriś se

From *jьskra (“spark”) + *-iti. Most likely Slovak jastriť (from Proto-Slavic *ěskriti ~ *ěstriti) is from the same root, but with a different root-grade.


rьvьnivъ

rьvьnivъ (masculine nominative singular)
rьvьniva (feminine nominative singular)
rьvьnivo (neuter nominative singular)
rьvьniva (genitive masculine singular)
rьvьnivy (feminine genitive singular)
rьvьniva (genitive neuter singular)
rьvьnivu (dative masculine singular)
rьvьnivě (dative feminine singular)
rьvьnivu (dative neuter singular)
rьvьnivъ (accusative masculine singular)
rьvьnivǫ (accusative feminine singular)
rьvьnivo (accusative neuter singular)
rьvьnivomь (instrumental masculine singular)
rьvьnivojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
rьvьnivomь (instrumental neuter singular)
rьvьnivě (locative masculine singular)
rьvьnivě (feminine locative singular)
rьvьnivě (locative neuter singular)
rьvьnive (masculine singular vocative)
rьvьnivo (feminine singular vocative)
rьvьnivo (neuter singular vocative)
rьvьniva (dual masculine nominative)
rьvьnivě (dual feminine nominative)
rьvьnivě (dual neuter nominative)
rьvьnivu (dual genitive masculine)
rьvьnivu (dual feminine genitive)
rьvьnivu (dual genitive neuter)
rьvьnivoma (dative dual masculine)
rьvьnivama (dative dual feminine)
rьvьnivoma (dative dual neuter)
rьvьniva (accusative dual masculine)
rьvьnivě (accusative dual feminine)
rьvьnivě (accusative dual neuter)
rьvьnivoma (dual instrumental masculine)
rьvьnivama (dual feminine instrumental)
rьvьnivoma (dual instrumental neuter)
rьvьnivu (dual locative masculine)
rьvьnivu (dual feminine locative)
rьvьnivu (dual locative neuter)
rьvьniva (dual masculine vocative)
rьvьnivě (dual feminine vocative)
rьvьnivě (dual neuter vocative)
rьvьnivi (masculine nominative plural)
rьvьnivy (feminine nominative plural)
rьvьniva (neuter nominative plural)
rьvьnivъ (genitive masculine plural)
rьvьnivъ (feminine genitive plural)
rьvьnivъ (genitive neuter plural)
rьvьnivomъ (dative masculine plural)
rьvьnivamъ (dative feminine plural)
rьvьnivomъ (dative neuter plural)
rьvьnivy (accusative masculine plural)
rьvьnivy (accusative feminine plural)
rьvьniva (accusative neuter plural)
rьvьnivy (instrumental masculine plural)
rьvьnivami (feminine instrumental plural)
rьvьnivy (instrumental neuter plural)
rьvьnivěxъ (locative masculine plural)
rьvьnivaxъ (feminine locative plural)
rьvьnivěxъ (locative neuter plural)
rьvьnivi (masculine plural vocative)
rьvьnivy (feminine plural vocative)
rьvьniva (neuter plural vocative)
rьvьnivъjь (masculine nominative singular)
rьvьnivaja (feminine nominative singular)
rьvьnivoje (neuter nominative singular)
rьvьnivajego (genitive masculine singular)
rьvьnivyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
rьvьnivajego (genitive neuter singular)
rьvьnivujemu (dative masculine singular)
rьvьnivěji (dative feminine singular)
rьvьnivujemu (dative neuter singular)
rьvьnivъjь (accusative masculine singular)
rьvьnivǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
rьvьnivoje (accusative neuter singular)
rьvьnivyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
rьvьnivǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
rьvьnivyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
rьvьnivějemь (locative masculine singular)
rьvьnivěji (feminine locative singular)
rьvьnivějemь (locative neuter singular)
rьvьnivъjь (masculine singular vocative)
rьvьnivaja (feminine singular vocative)
rьvьnivoje (neuter singular vocative)
rьvьnivaja (dual masculine nominative)
rьvьnivěji (dual feminine nominative)
rьvьnivěji (dual neuter nominative)
rьvьnivuju (dual genitive masculine)
rьvьnivuju (dual feminine genitive)
rьvьnivuju (dual genitive neuter)
rьvьnivyjima (dative dual masculine)
rьvьnivyjima (dative dual feminine)
rьvьnivyjima (dative dual neuter)
rьvьnivaja (accusative dual masculine)
rьvьnivěji (accusative dual feminine)
rьvьnivěji (accusative dual neuter)
rьvьnivyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
rьvьnivyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
rьvьnivyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
rьvьnivuju (dual locative masculine)
rьvьnivuju (dual feminine locative)
rьvьnivuju (dual locative neuter)
rьvьnivaja (dual masculine vocative)
rьvьnivěji (dual feminine vocative)
rьvьnivěji (dual neuter vocative)
rьvьniviji (masculine nominative plural)
rьvьnivyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
rьvьnivaja (neuter nominative plural)
rьvьnivъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
rьvьnivъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
rьvьnivъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
rьvьnivyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
rьvьnivyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
rьvьnivyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
rьvьnivyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
rьvьnivyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
rьvьnivaja (accusative neuter plural)
rьvьnivyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
rьvьnivyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
rьvьnivyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
rьvьnivyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
rьvьnivyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
rьvьnivyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
rьvьniviji (masculine plural vocative)
rьvьnivyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
rьvьnivaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic:

Belarusian: раўні́вы (raŭnívy)

Russian: ревни́вый (revnívyj)

Ukrainian: ревни́вий (revnývyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: рьвьнивъ (rĭvĭnivŭ)

Bulgarian: ревни́в (revnív, “jealous; desirable”)

Macedonian: ревнив (revniv)

⇒ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сурѐвњив

Latin script: surèvnjiv

West Slavic:

Czech: řevnivý

Old Polish: rzewniwy

Slovak:

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian:

From *rьvьnь (“zeal”) + *-ivъ. Probably related to Proto-Slavic *řuti (“to cry, to weep”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rew- (“to roar”).

zeal; to like, to desire enviously; jealous person; jealousy; to be jealous of

rьvьnь f*rьvьnati ()*rьvьniteľь ()*rьvьnostь ()*rьvьnovati ()

desirable, likable (for object) (in South Slavic)


rьtь

rьtь (nominative singular)
rьti (dual nominative)
rьti (nominative plural)
rьti (genitive singular)
rьtьju (dual genitive)
rьťu (dual genitive)
rьtьjь (genitive plural)
rьti (genitive plural)
rьti (dative singular)
rьtьma (dative dual)
rьtьmъ (dative plural)
rьtь (accusative singular)
rьti (accusative dual)
rьti (accusative plural)
rьtьjǫ (instrumental singular)
rьťǫ (instrumental singular)
rьtьma (dual instrumental)
rьtьmi (instrumental plural)
rьti (locative singular)
rьtьju (dual locative)
rьťu (dual locative)
rьtьxъ (locative plural)
rьti (singular vocative)
rьti (dual vocative)
rьti (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: рьть (rĭtĭ, “curved part of a boat/ship”)

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *wreyt- (“to twist”). Compare Lithuanian ritinti (“to wheel around”).


obrъtь

*obrytь (alternative)
*obrutь (alternative)
*obrъtъ (alternative)
*obrъta (alternative)
obrъtь (nominative singular)
obrъti (dual nominative)
obrъti (nominative plural)
obrъti (genitive singular)
obrъtьju (dual genitive)
obrъťu (dual genitive)
obrъtьjь (genitive plural)
obrъti (genitive plural)
obrъti (dative singular)
obrъtьma (dative dual)
obrъtьmъ (dative plural)
obrъtь (accusative singular)
obrъti (accusative dual)
obrъti (accusative plural)
obrъtьjǫ (instrumental singular)
obrъťǫ (instrumental singular)
obrъtьma (dual instrumental)
obrъtьmi (instrumental plural)
obrъti (locative singular)
obrъtьju (dual locative)
obrъťu (dual locative)
obrъtьxъ (locative plural)
obrъti (singular vocative)
obrъti (dual vocative)
obrъti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: обръть (obrŭtĭ) (in later times: оброть (obrotĭ))

desc

Belarusian: обро́ць (obrócʹ), абро́ць (abrócʹ); абро́т m (abrót)

Russian: о́броть (óbrotʹ), обро́ть (obrótʹ); обруть (obrutʹ), оброт m (obrot) (dialectal)

⇒ Russian: обро́тка (obrótka), оброток (obrotok) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: обро́ть (obrótʹ); обро́т m (obrót)

West Slavic:

Czech: oprať

Polish: obryć (dialectal)

⇒ Polish: obretka (dialectal)

From *ob- + *rъtь, of disputed origin. Morphologically seems cognate with Proto-Slavic *rъtъ (“mouth, beak; hillock”) from Proto-Indo-European *Hrew-. Compare also dialectal Russian о́бороть (óborotʹ, “strap, bridle”), either from an earlier Proto-Slavic *obvortь (from Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn”)) or a rebracketing of the phrase Proto-Slavic *obъ rъtь (“around the mouth”).


ajina

ājinà (canonical feminine)
ājinà (nominative singular)
ajĩně (dual nominative)
ājinỳ (nominative plural)
ājinỳ (genitive singular)
ājinù (dual genitive)
ajĩnъ (genitive plural)
ājině̀ (dative singular)
ājinàma (dative dual)
ājinàmъ (dative plural)
ājinǫ̀ (accusative singular)
ajĩně (accusative dual)
ājinỳ (accusative plural)
ājinòjǫ (instrumental singular)
ajĩnǫ (instrumental singular)
ājinàma (dual instrumental)
ājinàmī (instrumental plural)
ājině̀ (locative singular)
ājinù (dual locative)
ājinàsъ (locative plural)
ājinàxъ (locative plural)
ajino (singular vocative)
ajĩně (dual vocative)
ājinỳ (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: јајина (“eggshell”) (dialectal)

Latin script: jajina (“eggshell”) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian: Јајина

desc

Горња Јајина

⇒ Горња Јајина (“Upper Jajina”)

⇒ Горња Јајина (“Upper Jajina”)

⇒ Доња Јајина (“Lower Jajina”)

⇒ Доња Јајина (“Lower Jajina”)

Abstract noun from *ȃje (“egg”) + *-ina, probably originally implying "eggness" (property or feature relevant to eggs).


věščьba

věščьba (nominative singular)
věščьbě (dual nominative)
věščьby (nominative plural)
věščьby (genitive singular)
věščьbu (dual genitive)
věščьbъ (genitive plural)
věščьbě (dative singular)
věščьbama (dative dual)
věščьbamъ (dative plural)
věščьbǫ (accusative singular)
věščьbě (accusative dual)
věščьby (accusative plural)
věščьbojǫ (instrumental singular)
věščьbǫ (instrumental singular)
věščьbama (dual instrumental)
věščьbami (instrumental plural)
věščьbě (locative singular)
věščьbu (dual locative)
věščьbasъ (locative plural)
věščьbaxъ (locative plural)
věščьbo (singular vocative)
věščьbě (dual vocative)
věščьby (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Middle Belarusian: вѣщба (věščba)

Russian: вещба́ (veščbá) (dialectal)

Middle Ukrainian: вѣщба (viščba)

South Slavic:

Macedonian: вежба (vežba)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ве̏жба, вје̏жба

Latin script: vȅžba, vjȅžba

West Slavic:

Old Czech: věščba

Czech: věštba

Old Polish: wieszczba

Polish: wieszczba

Slovak: veštba

From *věščь (“proficient, foretelling”) + *-ьba.


udъ

ũdъ (canonical masculine)
*udo (alternative)
ùdъ (nominative singular)
ùda (dual nominative)
ùdi (nominative plural)
ùda (genitive singular)
ùdu (dual genitive)
ùdъ (genitive plural)
ùdu (dative singular)
ùdoma (dative dual)
ùdomъ (dative plural)
ùdъ (accusative singular)
ùda (accusative dual)
ùdy (accusative plural)
ùdъmь (instrumental singular)
ùdomь (instrumental singular)
ùdoma (dual instrumental)
ùdȳ (instrumental plural)
ùdě (locative singular)
ùdu (dual locative)
ùdě̄xъ (locative plural)
ùde (singular vocative)
ùda (dual vocative)
ùdi (plural vocative)
ũdъ (nominative singular)
ūdà (dual nominative)
ūdì (nominative plural)
ūdà (genitive singular)
ūdù (dual genitive)
ũdъ (genitive plural)
ūdù (dative singular)
ūdòma (dative dual)
ūdòmъ (dative plural)
ũdъ (accusative singular)
ūdà (accusative dual)
ūdỳ (accusative plural)
ūdъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
ūdòmь (instrumental singular)
ūdòma (dual instrumental)
ũdy (instrumental plural)
ūdě̀ (locative singular)
ūdù (dual locative)
ũděxъ (locative plural)
ude (singular vocative)
ūdà (dual vocative)
ūdì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: удъ (udŭ)

Russian: уд (ud)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: оудъ (udŭ)

Bulgarian: уд (ud)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: у̑д

Latin script: ȗd

Slovene: ȗd (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: úd

Czech: úd

Kashubian: ùd

Polish: ud (“thigh”) (dialectal, the usual word being "udo")

Slovak: úd

Has been compared to Proto-Slavic *vymę (“udder”), Proto-Slavic *uti (“to put (footwear)”) or as a derivative of Proto-Slavic *u (“at”) with the supplementary suffix *-dъ.


sujь

sùjь (canonical)
sujь (masculine nominative singular)
suja (feminine nominative singular)
suje (neuter nominative singular)
suja (genitive masculine singular)
suję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
suja (genitive neuter singular)
suju (dative masculine singular)
suji (dative feminine singular)
suju (dative neuter singular)
sujь (accusative masculine singular)
sujǫ (accusative feminine singular)
suje (accusative neuter singular)
sujemь (instrumental masculine singular)
sujejǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
sujemь (instrumental neuter singular)
suji (locative masculine singular)
suji (feminine locative singular)
suji (locative neuter singular)
suju (masculine singular vocative)
suje (feminine singular vocative)
suje (neuter singular vocative)
suja (dual masculine nominative)
suji (dual feminine nominative)
suji (dual neuter nominative)
suju (dual genitive masculine)
suju (dual feminine genitive)
suju (dual genitive neuter)
sujema (dative dual masculine)
sujama (dative dual feminine)
sujema (dative dual neuter)
suja (accusative dual masculine)
suji (accusative dual feminine)
suji (accusative dual neuter)
sujema (dual instrumental masculine)
sujama (dual feminine instrumental)
sujema (dual instrumental neuter)
suju (dual locative masculine)
suju (dual feminine locative)
suju (dual locative neuter)
suja (dual masculine vocative)
suji (dual feminine vocative)
suji (dual neuter vocative)
suji (masculine nominative plural)
suję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
suja (neuter nominative plural)
sujь (genitive masculine plural)
sujь (feminine genitive plural)
sujь (genitive neuter plural)
sujemъ (dative masculine plural)
sujamъ (dative feminine plural)
sujemъ (dative neuter plural)
suję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
suję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
suja (accusative neuter plural)
suji (instrumental masculine plural)
sujami (feminine instrumental plural)
suji (instrumental neuter plural)
sujixъ (locative masculine plural)
sujaxъ (feminine locative plural)
sujixъ (locative neuter plural)
suji (masculine plural vocative)
suję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
suja (neuter plural vocative)
sujьjь (masculine nominative singular)
sujaja (feminine nominative singular)
sujeje (neuter nominative singular)
sujajego (genitive masculine singular)
suję̇ję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
sujajego (genitive neuter singular)
sujujemu (dative masculine singular)
sujiji (dative feminine singular)
sujujemu (dative neuter singular)
sujьjь (accusative masculine singular)
sujǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
sujeje (accusative neuter singular)
sujijimь (instrumental masculine singular)
sujǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
sujijimь (instrumental neuter singular)
sujijemь (locative masculine singular)
sujiji (feminine locative singular)
sujijemь (locative neuter singular)
sujьjь (masculine singular vocative)
sujaja (feminine singular vocative)
sujeje (neuter singular vocative)
sujaja (dual masculine nominative)
sujiji (dual feminine nominative)
sujiji (dual neuter nominative)
sujuju (dual genitive masculine)
sujuju (dual feminine genitive)
sujuju (dual genitive neuter)
sujijima (dative dual masculine)
sujijima (dative dual feminine)
sujijima (dative dual neuter)
sujaja (accusative dual masculine)
sujiji (accusative dual feminine)
sujiji (accusative dual neuter)
sujijima (dual instrumental masculine)
sujijima (dual feminine instrumental)
sujijima (dual instrumental neuter)
sujuju (dual locative masculine)
sujuju (dual feminine locative)
sujuju (dual locative neuter)
sujaja (dual masculine vocative)
sujiji (dual feminine vocative)
sujiji (dual neuter vocative)
sujiji (masculine nominative plural)
suję̇ję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
sujaja (neuter nominative plural)
sujьjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
sujьjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
sujьjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
sujijimъ (dative masculine plural)
sujijimъ (dative feminine plural)
sujijimъ (dative neuter plural)
suję̇ję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
suję̇ję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
sujaja (accusative neuter plural)
sujijimi (instrumental masculine plural)
sujijimi (feminine instrumental plural)
sujijimi (instrumental neuter plural)
sujijixъ (locative masculine plural)
sujijixъ (feminine locative plural)
sujijixъ (locative neuter plural)
sujiji (masculine plural vocative)
suję̇ję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
sujaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: суи (sui)

⇒ Russian: суе- (suje-), всу́е (vsúje) (adverb); (archaic)

⇒ Ukrainian: всує (vsuje) (adverb)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: соуи (sui)

⇒ Bulgarian: суе- (sue-), всу́е (vsúe) (adverb); (archaic)

Usually compared with Latin cavus (“hollow”), Sanskrit शून्य (śūnya, “empty, barren”), Ancient Greek κοῖλος (koîlos, “hollow”), Old Armenian սոր (sor, “hole”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱewH- (“to get hollow”). May be further related to Proto-Slavic *sovati (“to shove”) (of undetermined origin).
Sometimes, also compared with Lithuanian sáuja (“handful”), Latvian saũja (“handful”).


věťe

vě̑ťe (canonical neuter)
vě̑ťe (nominative singular)
vě̑ťi (dual nominative)
věťà (nominative plural)
vě̑ťa (genitive singular)
věťù (dual genitive)
vě̃ťь (genitive plural)
vě̑ťu (dative singular)
věťemà (dative dual)
věťémъ (dative plural)
vě̑ťe (accusative singular)
vě̑ťi (accusative dual)
věťà (accusative plural)
vě̑ťьmь (instrumental singular)
vě̑ťemь (instrumental singular)
věťemà (dual instrumental)
věťí (instrumental plural)
vě̑ťi (locative singular)
věťù (dual locative)
věťíxъ (locative plural)
vě̑ťe (singular vocative)
vě̑ťi (dual vocative)
věťà (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: вѣ́че (vě́če)

Belarusian: ве́ча (vjéča)

Russian: ве́че (véče)

Carpathian Rusyn: ві́че (víče)

Ukrainian: ві́че (víče)

Old Novgorodian: вѣ́че (vě́će)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: вѣщє (věšte)

Glagolitic script: ⰲⱑⱋⰵ (věšte)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ве́ће

Latin script: vijéće

Slovene: vẹ̄ča (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: věce

Old Polish: wiece
Polish: wiec

Related to Proto-Slavic *větъ (“talk, claim”), formed with the suffix *-je.


gъrbatъ

gъrbatъ (masculine nominative singular)
gъrbata (feminine nominative singular)
gъrbato (neuter nominative singular)
gъrbata (genitive masculine singular)
gъrbaty (feminine genitive singular)
gъrbata (genitive neuter singular)
gъrbatu (dative masculine singular)
gъrbatě (dative feminine singular)
gъrbatu (dative neuter singular)
gъrbatъ (accusative masculine singular)
gъrbatǫ (accusative feminine singular)
gъrbato (accusative neuter singular)
gъrbatomь (instrumental masculine singular)
gъrbatojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
gъrbatomь (instrumental neuter singular)
gъrbatě (locative masculine singular)
gъrbatě (feminine locative singular)
gъrbatě (locative neuter singular)
gъrbate (masculine singular vocative)
gъrbato (feminine singular vocative)
gъrbato (neuter singular vocative)
gъrbata (dual masculine nominative)
gъrbatě (dual feminine nominative)
gъrbatě (dual neuter nominative)
gъrbatu (dual genitive masculine)
gъrbatu (dual feminine genitive)
gъrbatu (dual genitive neuter)
gъrbatoma (dative dual masculine)
gъrbatama (dative dual feminine)
gъrbatoma (dative dual neuter)
gъrbata (accusative dual masculine)
gъrbatě (accusative dual feminine)
gъrbatě (accusative dual neuter)
gъrbatoma (dual instrumental masculine)
gъrbatama (dual feminine instrumental)
gъrbatoma (dual instrumental neuter)
gъrbatu (dual locative masculine)
gъrbatu (dual feminine locative)
gъrbatu (dual locative neuter)
gъrbata (dual masculine vocative)
gъrbatě (dual feminine vocative)
gъrbatě (dual neuter vocative)
gъrbati (masculine nominative plural)
gъrbaty (feminine nominative plural)
gъrbata (neuter nominative plural)
gъrbatъ (genitive masculine plural)
gъrbatъ (feminine genitive plural)
gъrbatъ (genitive neuter plural)
gъrbatomъ (dative masculine plural)
gъrbatamъ (dative feminine plural)
gъrbatomъ (dative neuter plural)
gъrbaty (accusative masculine plural)
gъrbaty (accusative feminine plural)
gъrbata (accusative neuter plural)
gъrbaty (instrumental masculine plural)
gъrbatami (feminine instrumental plural)
gъrbaty (instrumental neuter plural)
gъrbatěxъ (locative masculine plural)
gъrbataxъ (feminine locative plural)
gъrbatěxъ (locative neuter plural)
gъrbati (masculine plural vocative)
gъrbaty (feminine plural vocative)
gъrbata (neuter plural vocative)
gъrbatъjь (masculine nominative singular)
gъrbataja (feminine nominative singular)
gъrbatoje (neuter nominative singular)
gъrbatajego (genitive masculine singular)
gъrbatyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
gъrbatajego (genitive neuter singular)
gъrbatujemu (dative masculine singular)
gъrbatěji (dative feminine singular)
gъrbatujemu (dative neuter singular)
gъrbatъjь (accusative masculine singular)
gъrbatǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
gъrbatoje (accusative neuter singular)
gъrbatyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
gъrbatǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
gъrbatyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
gъrbatějemь (locative masculine singular)
gъrbatěji (feminine locative singular)
gъrbatějemь (locative neuter singular)
gъrbatъjь (masculine singular vocative)
gъrbataja (feminine singular vocative)
gъrbatoje (neuter singular vocative)
gъrbataja (dual masculine nominative)
gъrbatěji (dual feminine nominative)
gъrbatěji (dual neuter nominative)
gъrbatuju (dual genitive masculine)
gъrbatuju (dual feminine genitive)
gъrbatuju (dual genitive neuter)
gъrbatyjima (dative dual masculine)
gъrbatyjima (dative dual feminine)
gъrbatyjima (dative dual neuter)
gъrbataja (accusative dual masculine)
gъrbatěji (accusative dual feminine)
gъrbatěji (accusative dual neuter)
gъrbatyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
gъrbatyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
gъrbatyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
gъrbatuju (dual locative masculine)
gъrbatuju (dual feminine locative)
gъrbatuju (dual locative neuter)
gъrbataja (dual masculine vocative)
gъrbatěji (dual feminine vocative)
gъrbatěji (dual neuter vocative)
gъrbatiji (masculine nominative plural)
gъrbatyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
gъrbataja (neuter nominative plural)
gъrbatъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
gъrbatъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
gъrbatъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
gъrbatyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
gъrbatyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
gъrbatyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
gъrbatyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
gъrbatyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
gъrbataja (accusative neuter plural)
gъrbatyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
gъrbatyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
gъrbatyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
gъrbatyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
gъrbatyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
gъrbatyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
gъrbatiji (masculine plural vocative)
gъrbatyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
gъrbataja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic:

Belarusian: гарбаты (harbaty)

Russian: горбатый (gorbatyj)

Ukrainian: горбатий (horbatyj)

West Slavic:

Czech: hrbatý

Polish: garbaty

Slovak: hrbatý

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: gjarbaty

Upper Sorbian: horbaty


sǫpъ

sǫpъ (nominative singular)
sǫpa (dual nominative)
sǫpi (nominative plural)
sǫpa (genitive singular)
sǫpu (dual genitive)
sǫpъ (genitive plural)
sǫpu (dative singular)
sǫpoma (dative dual)
sǫpomъ (dative plural)
sǫpъ (accusative singular)
sǫpa (accusative dual)
sǫpy (accusative plural)
sǫpъmь (instrumental singular)
sǫpomь (instrumental singular)
sǫpoma (dual instrumental)
sǫpy (instrumental plural)
sǫpě (locative singular)
sǫpu (dual locative)
sǫpěxъ (locative plural)
sǫpe (singular vocative)
sǫpa (dual vocative)
sǫpi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic:

Belarusian: сіп (sip)

Russian: сип (sip), суп (sup)

Ukrainian: сип (syp), суп (sup)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: сѫпъ (sǫpŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱘⱂⱏ (sǫpŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: су̏п

Latin script: sȕp

West Slavic:

Old Czech: sup

Czech: sup

Kashubian: sãp

Polabian:

Polish: sęp

Slovak: sup

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: sup

Upper Sorbian: sup

Probably deverbal from a nasalized variant of onomatopoeia *so(p)ti, *sopěti (“to wheeze”), given that, as the vowel of the bird-name changed to и (i) in East Slavic, so the verb is replaced with the variant сипѣ́ть (sipě́tʹ), сипі́ти (sipíti, “to hiss”).


jevinъ

*jevina (alternative)
*jevьňa (alternative)
jevinъ (nominative singular)
jevina (dual nominative)
jevini (nominative plural)
jevina (genitive singular)
jevinu (dual genitive)
jevinъ (genitive plural)
jevinu (dative singular)
jevinoma (dative dual)
jevinomъ (dative plural)
jevinъ (accusative singular)
jevina (accusative dual)
jeviny (accusative plural)
jevinъmь (instrumental singular)
jevinomь (instrumental singular)
jevinoma (dual instrumental)
jeviny (instrumental plural)
jevině (locative singular)
jevinu (dual locative)
jeviněxъ (locative plural)
jevine (singular vocative)
jevina (dual vocative)
jevini (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: овинъ (ovinŭ) (dialectal)

Belarusian: аві́н (avín) (dialectal)

Russian: ови́н (ovín)

Ukrainian: ови́н (ovýn) (dialectal), ави́н (avýn) (dialectal); ови́на f (ovýna) (dialectal)

West Slavic:

Polish: jewnia, jownia (dialectal)

From Proto-Indo-European *yéwos + *-inъ. Cognate with Lithuanian jãvas.


padorga

padorga (nominative singular)
padordzě (dual nominative)
padorgy (nominative plural)
padorgy (genitive singular)
padorgu (dual genitive)
padorgъ (genitive plural)
padordzě (dative singular)
padorgama (dative dual)
padorgamъ (dative plural)
padorgǫ (accusative singular)
padordzě (accusative dual)
padorgy (accusative plural)
padorgojǫ (instrumental singular)
padorgǫ (instrumental singular)
padorgama (dual instrumental)
padorgami (instrumental plural)
padordzě (locative singular)
padorgu (dual locative)
padorgasъ (locative plural)
padorgaxъ (locative plural)
padorgo (singular vocative)
padordzě (dual vocative)
padorgy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: падорога (padoroga)

From *pa- + Proto-Balto-Slavic *dárˀgāˀ, likely from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerg- (“dark, dusky”). Cognate with Lithuanian dárga, dargà.

drězga

*drěgavъ, *drězgavъ (“dim, murky, unclear”)

murky, densely packed space; bush, hurst


povorzъ

povorzъ (nominative singular)
povorza (dual nominative)
povorzi (nominative plural)
povorza (genitive singular)
povorzu (dual genitive)
povorzъ (genitive plural)
povorzu (dative singular)
povorzoma (dative dual)
povorzomъ (dative plural)
povorzъ (accusative singular)
povorza (accusative dual)
povorzy (accusative plural)
povorzъmь (instrumental singular)
povorzomь (instrumental singular)
povorzoma (dual instrumental)
povorzy (instrumental plural)
povorzě (locative singular)
povorzu (dual locative)
povorzěxъ (locative plural)
povorze (singular vocative)
povorza (dual vocative)
povorzi (plural vocative)
*pavorzъ (alternative)

East Slavic:

Ukrainian: по́вороз (póvoroz)

desc

⇒ Ukrainian: поворо́зка (povorózka), поворі́зка (povorízka)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: повразъ (povrazŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: по̏вра̄з

Latin script: pȍvrāz

Slovene: povràz (“cord, noose”), póvraz (“handle”)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: povraz, provaz (by metathesis), provraz

Czech: provaz

Kashubian: powrȯz

Polish: powróz

Slovak: povraz

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: powrjoz

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: póráz

From *po- + *vorzъ (“bind, tie”), from Proto-Indo-European *werǵʰ- (“to tie”). Cognate with Lithuanian várža (“fish trap”), Latvian var̂za.


pavorzъ

pavorzъ (nominative singular)
pavorza (dual nominative)
pavorzi (nominative plural)
pavorza (genitive singular)
pavorzu (dual genitive)
pavorzъ (genitive plural)
pavorzu (dative singular)
pavorzoma (dative dual)
pavorzomъ (dative plural)
pavorzъ (accusative singular)
pavorza (accusative dual)
pavorzy (accusative plural)
pavorzъmь (instrumental singular)
pavorzomь (instrumental singular)
pavorzoma (dual instrumental)
pavorzy (instrumental plural)
pavorzě (locative singular)
pavorzu (dual locative)
pavorzěxъ (locative plural)
pavorze (singular vocative)
pavorza (dual vocative)
pavorzi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: па́вороз (pávoroz) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: па́вороз (pávoroz)

Alternative form of *povorzъ (“cord, rope”)


paǫzъ

paǫzъ (nominative singular)
paǫza (dual nominative)
paǫzi (nominative plural)
paǫza (genitive singular)
paǫzu (dual genitive)
paǫzъ (genitive plural)
paǫzu (dative singular)
paǫzoma (dative dual)
paǫzomъ (dative plural)
paǫzъ (accusative singular)
paǫza (accusative dual)
paǫzy (accusative plural)
paǫzъmь (instrumental singular)
paǫzomь (instrumental singular)
paǫzoma (dual instrumental)
paǫzy (instrumental plural)
paǫzě (locative singular)
paǫzu (dual locative)
paǫzěxъ (locative plural)
paǫze (singular vocative)
paǫza (dual vocative)
paǫzi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Ukrainian: паву́з (pavúz), dial. па́уз (páuz)

West Slavic:

Czech: pavuza f

Polish: pawąz (regional)

Slovak: pavuz


želbъ

žȇlbъ (canonical masculine)
žȇlbъ (nominative singular)
žȇlby (dual nominative)
žȇlbove (nominative plural)
žȇlbu (genitive singular)
želbovù (dual genitive)
želbòvъ (genitive plural)
žȇlbovi (dative singular)
želbъmà (dative dual)
žȇlbъmъ (dative plural)
žȇlbъ (accusative singular)
žȇlby (accusative dual)
žȇlby (accusative plural)
žȇlbъmь (instrumental singular)
želbъmà (dual instrumental)
želbъmì (instrumental plural)
želbú (locative singular)
želbovù (dual locative)
žȇlbъxъ (locative plural)
želbu (singular vocative)
žȇlby (dual vocative)
žȇlbove (plural vocative)
žȇlbъ (nominative singular)
žȇlba (dual nominative)
žȇlbi (nominative plural)
žȇlba (genitive singular)
želbù (dual genitive)
žẽlbъ (genitive plural)
žȇlbu (dative singular)
želbomà (dative dual)
želbòmъ (dative plural)
žȇlbъ (accusative singular)
žȇlba (accusative dual)
žȇlby (accusative plural)
žȇlbъmь (instrumental singular)
žȇlbomь (instrumental singular)
želbomà (dual instrumental)
želbý (instrumental plural)
žȇlbě (locative singular)
želbù (dual locative)
želbě̃xъ (locative plural)
želbe (singular vocative)
žȇlba (dual vocative)
žȇlbi (plural vocative)

Brill Publishers
Marko Snoj
Oleg Trubachyov

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: жолобъ (žolobŭ)

Belarusian: жо́лаб (žólab)

Russian: жёлоб (žólob), жо́лоб (žólob)

Ukrainian: жо́лоб (žólob)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: жлѣбъ (žlěbŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰶⰾⱑⰱⱏ (žlěbŭ)

Bulgarian: жлеб (žleb), жляб (žljab)

Macedonian: жлеб (žleb)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: жле̑б, жлије̑б

Latin script: žlȇb, žlijȇb

Slovene: žlȇb (u-stem)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: žleb

Czech: žlab, žleb

Bohemian (Chod dialect): žleb

→ Polish: żleb

Polish: żłób (u-stem)

→ Belarusian: жлоб (žlob)

→ Yiddish: זשלאָב (zhlob)

→ Russian: жлоб (žlob)

Slovak: žleb, žľab

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: žłob

Lower Sorbian: žłob

Non-Slavic languages:

Hungarian: zsilip

Uncertain. Has been compared with Ancient Greek δολφóς (dolphós, “gut”), δελφῡ́ς (delphū́s, “womb”), Sanskrit गर्भ (garbha, “fetus, womb”) from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelbʰ-, however, (per Vasmer) semantically unsatisfactory. Alternatively, akin to Ancient Greek γλάφω (gláphō, “to dig, to hollow”), Proto-Germanic *kulbaz (“round object”), or Proto-Germanic *gulbą (“floor”); the first two would trace to a Proto-Indo-European *gelbʰ- (“to flay, to scrape”), while the third (endorsed by Vasmer) traces to *gʰelbʰ- (“to hollow out; groove, gutter”).


loskъ

loskъ (nominative singular)
loska (dual nominative)
losci (nominative plural)
loska (genitive singular)
losku (dual genitive)
loskъ (genitive plural)
losku (dative singular)
loskoma (dative dual)
loskomъ (dative plural)
loskъ (accusative singular)
loska (accusative dual)
losky (accusative plural)
loskъmь (instrumental singular)
loskomь (instrumental singular)
loskoma (dual instrumental)
losky (instrumental plural)
loscě (locative singular)
losku (dual locative)
loscěxъ (locative plural)
lošče (singular vocative)
loska (dual vocative)
losci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: лоскъ (loskŭ)

Belarusian: лоск (losk), ло́скат (lóskat)

desc

⇒ Belarusian: лашчы́на (laščýna), лагчы́на (lahčýna)

q

Russian: лоск (losk) (dialectal лозг (lozg), instr. лозгом (lozgom))

⇒ Russian: лощи́на (loščína)

desc

Ukrainian: лоск (losk, “bump, unevenness, mess”) (probably)

⇒ Ukrainian: лощи́на (loščýna)

West Slavic:

Czech: Losky f (toponym)

Resultant noun from Proto-Slavic *loskati (“to slap, to bash”), either of expressive origin related to Etymology 2 or possibly from *logъ + *-skъ (as per Горох.ua). Compare Bulgarian разло́г (razlóg, “hollow”), Russian лог (log, “ravine”), ложби́на (ložbína, “depression”).


loskъ

loskъ (nominative singular)
loska (dual nominative)
losci (nominative plural)
loska (genitive singular)
losku (dual genitive)
loskъ (genitive plural)
losku (dative singular)
loskoma (dative dual)
loskomъ (dative plural)
loskъ (accusative singular)
loska (accusative dual)
losky (accusative plural)
loskъmь (instrumental singular)
loskomь (instrumental singular)
loskoma (dual instrumental)
losky (instrumental plural)
loscě (locative singular)
losku (dual locative)
loscěxъ (locative plural)
lošče (singular vocative)
loska (dual vocative)
losci (plural vocative)
*loska (alternative)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: лоска f

Latin script: loska f

Slovene: lòsk (interjection)


mitě

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: митѣ (mitě)

Bulgarian: ми́те (míte) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ми́ће (dialectal)

Latin script: míće (dialectal)

Probably fossilized locative case of *mito (“turn, twist, arc”) + *-ě, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to exchange”).

mitъ*mitati ()*mititi ()*mitorъ ()

turnabout; to roam, to wander; to knead, to mix; mixture


mitъ

mitъ (masculine nominative singular)
mita (feminine nominative singular)
mito (neuter nominative singular)
mita (genitive masculine singular)
mity (feminine genitive singular)
mita (genitive neuter singular)
mitu (dative masculine singular)
mitě (dative feminine singular)
mitu (dative neuter singular)
mitъ (accusative masculine singular)
mitǫ (accusative feminine singular)
mito (accusative neuter singular)
mitomь (instrumental masculine singular)
mitojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
mitomь (instrumental neuter singular)
mitě (locative masculine singular)
mitě (feminine locative singular)
mitě (locative neuter singular)
mite (masculine singular vocative)
mito (feminine singular vocative)
mito (neuter singular vocative)
mita (dual masculine nominative)
mitě (dual feminine nominative)
mitě (dual neuter nominative)
mitu (dual genitive masculine)
mitu (dual feminine genitive)
mitu (dual genitive neuter)
mitoma (dative dual masculine)
mitama (dative dual feminine)
mitoma (dative dual neuter)
mita (accusative dual masculine)
mitě (accusative dual feminine)
mitě (accusative dual neuter)
mitoma (dual instrumental masculine)
mitama (dual feminine instrumental)
mitoma (dual instrumental neuter)
mitu (dual locative masculine)
mitu (dual feminine locative)
mitu (dual locative neuter)
mita (dual masculine vocative)
mitě (dual feminine vocative)
mitě (dual neuter vocative)
miti (masculine nominative plural)
mity (feminine nominative plural)
mita (neuter nominative plural)
mitъ (genitive masculine plural)
mitъ (feminine genitive plural)
mitъ (genitive neuter plural)
mitomъ (dative masculine plural)
mitamъ (dative feminine plural)
mitomъ (dative neuter plural)
mity (accusative masculine plural)
mity (accusative feminine plural)
mita (accusative neuter plural)
mity (instrumental masculine plural)
mitami (feminine instrumental plural)
mity (instrumental neuter plural)
mitěxъ (locative masculine plural)
mitaxъ (feminine locative plural)
mitěxъ (locative neuter plural)
miti (masculine plural vocative)
mity (feminine plural vocative)
mita (neuter plural vocative)
mitъjь (masculine nominative singular)
mitaja (feminine nominative singular)
mitoje (neuter nominative singular)
mitajego (genitive masculine singular)
mityję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
mitajego (genitive neuter singular)
mitujemu (dative masculine singular)
mitěji (dative feminine singular)
mitujemu (dative neuter singular)
mitъjь (accusative masculine singular)
mitǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
mitoje (accusative neuter singular)
mityjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
mitǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
mityjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
mitějemь (locative masculine singular)
mitěji (feminine locative singular)
mitějemь (locative neuter singular)
mitъjь (masculine singular vocative)
mitaja (feminine singular vocative)
mitoje (neuter singular vocative)
mitaja (dual masculine nominative)
mitěji (dual feminine nominative)
mitěji (dual neuter nominative)
mituju (dual genitive masculine)
mituju (dual feminine genitive)
mituju (dual genitive neuter)
mityjima (dative dual masculine)
mityjima (dative dual feminine)
mityjima (dative dual neuter)
mitaja (accusative dual masculine)
mitěji (accusative dual feminine)
mitěji (accusative dual neuter)
mityjima (dual instrumental masculine)
mityjima (dual feminine instrumental)
mityjima (dual instrumental neuter)
mituju (dual locative masculine)
mituju (dual feminine locative)
mituju (dual locative neuter)
mitaja (dual masculine vocative)
mitěji (dual feminine vocative)
mitěji (dual neuter vocative)
mitiji (masculine nominative plural)
mityję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
mitaja (neuter nominative plural)
mitъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
mitъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
mitъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
mityjimъ (dative masculine plural)
mityjimъ (dative feminine plural)
mityjimъ (dative neuter plural)
mityję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
mityję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
mitaja (accusative neuter plural)
mityjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
mityjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
mityjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
mityjixъ (locative masculine plural)
mityjixъ (feminine locative plural)
mityjixъ (locative neuter plural)
mitiji (masculine plural vocative)
mityję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
mitaja (neuter plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: мит (mit) (dialectal)

⇒ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: у̀сумит

Latin script: ùsumit

From Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to exchange”) + *-tъ. Probably deverbial from Proto-Balto-Slavic *mīˀtei (“to turn, to change”), attested in Latvian mît (“to exchange”).


mitъ

mitъ (nominative singular)
mita (dual nominative)
miti (nominative plural)
mita (genitive singular)
mitu (dual genitive)
mitъ (genitive plural)
mitu (dative singular)
mitoma (dative dual)
mitomъ (dative plural)
mitъ (accusative singular)
mita (accusative dual)
mity (accusative plural)
mitъmь (instrumental singular)
mitomь (instrumental singular)
mitoma (dual instrumental)
mity (instrumental plural)
mitě (locative singular)
mitu (dual locative)
mitěxъ (locative plural)
mite (singular vocative)
mita (dual vocative)
miti (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ми̏т (dialectal)

Latin script: mȉt (dialectal)


serdьnъ

*serdьňь (alternative)
serdьnъ (masculine nominative singular)
serdьna (feminine nominative singular)
serdьno (neuter nominative singular)
serdьna (genitive masculine singular)
serdьny (feminine genitive singular)
serdьna (genitive neuter singular)
serdьnu (dative masculine singular)
serdьně (dative feminine singular)
serdьnu (dative neuter singular)
serdьnъ (accusative masculine singular)
serdьnǫ (accusative feminine singular)
serdьno (accusative neuter singular)
serdьnomь (instrumental masculine singular)
serdьnojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
serdьnomь (instrumental neuter singular)
serdьně (locative masculine singular)
serdьně (feminine locative singular)
serdьně (locative neuter singular)
serdьne (masculine singular vocative)
serdьno (feminine singular vocative)
serdьno (neuter singular vocative)
serdьna (dual masculine nominative)
serdьně (dual feminine nominative)
serdьně (dual neuter nominative)
serdьnu (dual genitive masculine)
serdьnu (dual feminine genitive)
serdьnu (dual genitive neuter)
serdьnoma (dative dual masculine)
serdьnama (dative dual feminine)
serdьnoma (dative dual neuter)
serdьna (accusative dual masculine)
serdьně (accusative dual feminine)
serdьně (accusative dual neuter)
serdьnoma (dual instrumental masculine)
serdьnama (dual feminine instrumental)
serdьnoma (dual instrumental neuter)
serdьnu (dual locative masculine)
serdьnu (dual feminine locative)
serdьnu (dual locative neuter)
serdьna (dual masculine vocative)
serdьně (dual feminine vocative)
serdьně (dual neuter vocative)
serdьni (masculine nominative plural)
serdьny (feminine nominative plural)
serdьna (neuter nominative plural)
serdьnъ (genitive masculine plural)
serdьnъ (feminine genitive plural)
serdьnъ (genitive neuter plural)
serdьnomъ (dative masculine plural)
serdьnamъ (dative feminine plural)
serdьnomъ (dative neuter plural)
serdьny (accusative masculine plural)
serdьny (accusative feminine plural)
serdьna (accusative neuter plural)
serdьny (instrumental masculine plural)
serdьnami (feminine instrumental plural)
serdьny (instrumental neuter plural)
serdьněxъ (locative masculine plural)
serdьnaxъ (feminine locative plural)
serdьněxъ (locative neuter plural)
serdьni (masculine plural vocative)
serdьny (feminine plural vocative)
serdьna (neuter plural vocative)
serdьnъjь (masculine nominative singular)
serdьnaja (feminine nominative singular)
serdьnoje (neuter nominative singular)
serdьnajego (genitive masculine singular)
serdьnyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
serdьnajego (genitive neuter singular)
serdьnujemu (dative masculine singular)
serdьněji (dative feminine singular)
serdьnujemu (dative neuter singular)
serdьnъjь (accusative masculine singular)
serdьnǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
serdьnoje (accusative neuter singular)
serdьnyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
serdьnǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
serdьnyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
serdьnějemь (locative masculine singular)
serdьněji (feminine locative singular)
serdьnějemь (locative neuter singular)
serdьnъjь (masculine singular vocative)
serdьnaja (feminine singular vocative)
serdьnoje (neuter singular vocative)
serdьnaja (dual masculine nominative)
serdьněji (dual feminine nominative)
serdьněji (dual neuter nominative)
serdьnuju (dual genitive masculine)
serdьnuju (dual feminine genitive)
serdьnuju (dual genitive neuter)
serdьnyjima (dative dual masculine)
serdьnyjima (dative dual feminine)
serdьnyjima (dative dual neuter)
serdьnaja (accusative dual masculine)
serdьněji (accusative dual feminine)
serdьněji (accusative dual neuter)
serdьnyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
serdьnyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
serdьnyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
serdьnuju (dual locative masculine)
serdьnuju (dual feminine locative)
serdьnuju (dual locative neuter)
serdьnaja (dual masculine vocative)
serdьněji (dual feminine vocative)
serdьněji (dual neuter vocative)
serdьniji (masculine nominative plural)
serdьnyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
serdьnaja (neuter nominative plural)
serdьnъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
serdьnъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
serdьnъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
serdьnyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
serdьnyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
serdьnyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
serdьnyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
serdьnyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
serdьnaja (accusative neuter plural)
serdьnyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
serdьnyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
serdьnyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
serdьnyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
serdьnyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
serdьnyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
serdьniji (masculine plural vocative)
serdьnyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
serdьnaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: сярэ́дні (sjarédni)

Russian: сере́дний (serédnij) (dialectal or archaic)

Carpathian Rusyn: сере́дный (serédnŷj)

Ukrainian: сере́дній (serédnij)

South Slavic:

desc

Old Church Slavonic: срѣдьнъ (srědĭnŭ), срѣдьн҄ь (srědĭnʹĭ)

→ Russian: сре́дний (srédnij)

Bulgarian: сре́ден (sréden)

Macedonian: среден (sreden)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сре̏дњӣ

Latin script: srȅdnji

Slovene: srẹ̑dnji (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: strzédny

Old Czech: střědní

Czech: střední

desctree

Old Polish: śrzedni, średni, strzedni
Polish: średni
⇒ Silesian: postrzedni

Old Slovak: sredný, stredný

Pannonian Rusyn: штреднї (štrednji)

Slovak: stredný


-stъ

-stъ (masculine nominative singular)
-sta (feminine nominative singular)
-sto (neuter nominative singular)
-sta (genitive masculine singular)
-sty (feminine genitive singular)
-sta (genitive neuter singular)
-stu (dative masculine singular)
-stě (dative feminine singular)
-stu (dative neuter singular)
-stъ (accusative masculine singular)
-stǫ (accusative feminine singular)
-sto (accusative neuter singular)
-stomь (instrumental masculine singular)
-stojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
-stomь (instrumental neuter singular)
-stě (locative masculine singular)
-stě (feminine locative singular)
-stě (locative neuter singular)
-ste (masculine singular vocative)
-sto (feminine singular vocative)
-sto (neuter singular vocative)
-sta (dual masculine nominative)
-stě (dual feminine nominative)
-stě (dual neuter nominative)
-stu (dual genitive masculine)
-stu (dual feminine genitive)
-stu (dual genitive neuter)
-stoma (dative dual masculine)
-stama (dative dual feminine)
-stoma (dative dual neuter)
-sta (accusative dual masculine)
-stě (accusative dual feminine)
-stě (accusative dual neuter)
-stoma (dual instrumental masculine)
-stama (dual feminine instrumental)
-stoma (dual instrumental neuter)
-stu (dual locative masculine)
-stu (dual feminine locative)
-stu (dual locative neuter)
-sta (dual masculine vocative)
-stě (dual feminine vocative)
-stě (dual neuter vocative)
-sti (masculine nominative plural)
-sty (feminine nominative plural)
-sta (neuter nominative plural)
-stъ (genitive masculine plural)
-stъ (feminine genitive plural)
-stъ (genitive neuter plural)
-stomъ (dative masculine plural)
-stamъ (dative feminine plural)
-stomъ (dative neuter plural)
-sty (accusative masculine plural)
-sty (accusative feminine plural)
-sta (accusative neuter plural)
-sty (instrumental masculine plural)
-stami (feminine instrumental plural)
-sty (instrumental neuter plural)
-stěxъ (locative masculine plural)
-staxъ (feminine locative plural)
-stěxъ (locative neuter plural)
-sti (masculine plural vocative)
-sty (feminine plural vocative)
-sta (neuter plural vocative)
-stъjь (masculine nominative singular)
-staja (feminine nominative singular)
-stoje (neuter nominative singular)
-stajego (genitive masculine singular)
-styję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
-stajego (genitive neuter singular)
-stujemu (dative masculine singular)
-stěji (dative feminine singular)
-stujemu (dative neuter singular)
-stъjь (accusative masculine singular)
-stǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
-stoje (accusative neuter singular)
-styjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
-stǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
-styjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
-stějemь (locative masculine singular)
-stěji (feminine locative singular)
-stějemь (locative neuter singular)
-stъjь (masculine singular vocative)
-staja (feminine singular vocative)
-stoje (neuter singular vocative)
-staja (dual masculine nominative)
-stěji (dual feminine nominative)
-stěji (dual neuter nominative)
-stuju (dual genitive masculine)
-stuju (dual feminine genitive)
-stuju (dual genitive neuter)
-styjima (dative dual masculine)
-styjima (dative dual feminine)
-styjima (dative dual neuter)
-staja (accusative dual masculine)
-stěji (accusative dual feminine)
-stěji (accusative dual neuter)
-styjima (dual instrumental masculine)
-styjima (dual feminine instrumental)
-styjima (dual instrumental neuter)
-stuju (dual locative masculine)
-stuju (dual feminine locative)
-stuju (dual locative neuter)
-staja (dual masculine vocative)
-stěji (dual feminine vocative)
-stěji (dual neuter vocative)
-stiji (masculine nominative plural)
-styję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
-staja (neuter nominative plural)
-stъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
-stъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
-stъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
-styjimъ (dative masculine plural)
-styjimъ (dative feminine plural)
-styjimъ (dative neuter plural)
-styję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
-styję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
-staja (accusative neuter plural)
-styjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
-styjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
-styjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
-styjixъ (locative masculine plural)
-styjixъ (feminine locative plural)
-styjixъ (locative neuter plural)
-stiji (masculine plural vocative)
-styję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
-staja (neuter plural vocative)

Uncertain. May reflect:
* Fossilized 0-grade of the root Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stay, to stand”), effectively meaning in the state of X. Similar semantic development of the PIE root is found in Irish tá (“to be, to have been”) (present tense copula);
* From Proto-Indo-European *-st-o-, similar to Proto-Slavic *-skъ;
* From dissimilation of Proto-Indo-European *-tt-/*-d⁽ʰ⁾t- > Proto-Slavic *-st- or from Proto-Indo-European *-ḱt- > Proto-Slavic *-st-. Compare Proto-Slavic *tьstь (“father-in-law”).
Cognate with Lithuanian -stas, -štas (e.g. Lithuanian áukštas (“high”), karštas (“hot”)), Latvian -sts (e.g. Latvian mīksts (“soft”)). Perhaps related to the sta-present in Baltic.

der

→ *gǫstъ (“dense”)

→ *čęstъ (“frequent”)

→ *pustъ (“deserted, barren”)

xoliti (“to make spacious”) → *xolstъ (“idle”)

Forms adjectives related to distribution and density:

pro (“through”) → *prostъ (“simple”)

Forms adjectives depicting a state or a feature:


-stъ

-stъ (nominative singular)
-sta (dual nominative)
-sti (nominative plural)
-sta (genitive singular)
-stu (dual genitive)
-stъ (genitive plural)
-stu (dative singular)
-stoma (dative dual)
-stomъ (dative plural)
-stъ (accusative singular)
-sta (accusative dual)
-sty (accusative plural)
-stъmь (instrumental singular)
-stomь (instrumental singular)
-stoma (dual instrumental)
-sty (instrumental plural)
-stě (locative singular)
-stu (dual locative)
-stěxъ (locative plural)
-ste (singular vocative)
-sta (dual vocative)
-sti (plural vocative)

perti (“to press”) (present stem *pьr-) → *pьrstъ (“finger”)

Forms nouns depicting objects or instruments:

orsti (“to grow”) → *orstъ, *rъstъ (“height, stature”)

Forms nouns depicting states or measures:


vitędzь

vìtędzь (canonical masculine)
vìtędzь (nominative singular)
vìtędza (dual nominative)
vìtędzi (nominative plural)
vìtędza (genitive singular)
vìtędzu (dual genitive)
vìtędzь (genitive plural)
vìtędzu (dative singular)
vìtędzema (dative dual)
vìtędzēmъ (dative plural)
vìtędzь (accusative singular)
vìtędza (accusative dual)
vìtędzę̇ (accusative plural)
vìtędzьmь (instrumental singular)
vìtędzemь (instrumental singular)
vìtędzema (dual instrumental)
vìtędzī (instrumental plural)
vìtędzi (locative singular)
vìtędzu (dual locative)
vìtędzīxъ (locative plural)
vìtęže (singular vocative)
vìtędza (dual vocative)
vìtędzi (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: *ⰲⰻⱅⱔⰷⱐ (*vitędzĭ)

Old Cyrillic script: *витѧѕь (*vitędzĭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ви̏те̄з

Latin script: vȉtēz

Slovene: vȋtez (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vítěz

Czech: vítěz

Polish: wiciądz (archaic)

Old Slovak: víťaz, vítez

Slovak: víťaz

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: wićaz

Based on the ethnonym Proto-Germanic *wīkingaz (whence Old Norse víkingr). Of uncertain ultimate origin; more at Vikings.
Similar semantic shift ethnonym → hero, legendary figure is also found in Old Polish obrzym (“giant”), from Proto-Slavic *ob(ъ)rinъ, originally meant "Avar".
Alternatively, according to Brückner, Machek and Schuster-Šewc, of Proto-Slavic origin, from vitь "trophy", compared with Church Slavonic въвесить.
According to Brückner and Machek, medial -t- probably is due to the influence of Proto-Slavic *vitěnьcь (“provider, supplier, guardian”) from Proto-Slavic *viti (“to twine, to curve”). Compare Old Church Slavonic възвитъ (vŭzvitŭ, “provisions, supply”).


sъdorvьje

sъdòrvьje (canonical neuter)
sъdorvьje (nominative singular)
sъdorvьji (dual nominative)
sъdorvьja (nominative plural)
sъdorvьja (genitive singular)
sъdorvьju (dual genitive)
sъdorvьjь (genitive plural)
sъdorvьju (dative singular)
sъdorvьjema (dative dual)
sъdorvьjemъ (dative plural)
sъdorvьje (accusative singular)
sъdorvьji (accusative dual)
sъdorvьja (accusative plural)
sъdorvьjьmь (instrumental singular)
sъdorvьjemь (instrumental singular)
sъdorvьjema (dual instrumental)
sъdorvьji (instrumental plural)
sъdorvьji (locative singular)
sъdorvьju (dual locative)
sъdorvьjixъ (locative plural)
sъdorvьje (singular vocative)
sъdorvьji (dual vocative)
sъdorvьja (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: съдоровье (sŭdorovĭje), здоровье (zdorovĭje)

Old Ruthenian: здоровьє (zdorovʹje), здоровїє (zdorovije)

Middle Belarusian: здаро́вьє (zdaróvʹje)

Belarusian: здаро́ўе (zdaróŭje)

Middle Ukrainian: здоро́въє (zdoróvʺje), здоро́вꙗ (zdoróvja)

Carpathian Rusyn: здоро́вля (zdoróvlja)

Ukrainian: здоро́в'я (zdoróvʺja); здоро́вля (zdoróvlja) (dialectal)

Russian: здоро́вье (zdoróvʹje)

Old Novgorodian: ꙁдоровьѥ (zdorovĭje), сторовьѥ (storovĭje)

South Slavic:

desctree

Old Church Slavonic: съдравьѥ (sŭdravĭje)
Bulgarian: здра́ве (zdráve)
→ Old East Slavic:
Old Ruthenian: здра́вїє (zdrávije), здра́вьє (zdrávʹje)
Carpathian Rusyn: здра́вля (zdrávlja)
Russian: здра́вие (zdrávije)

Macedonian: здравје (zdravje)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: здра̑вље

Latin script: zdrȃvlje

Slovene: zdrȃvje (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: sdravie

Czech: zdraví

Old Polish: zdrowie
Polish: zdrowie
Silesian: zdrowie

Old Slovak: zdravie

Pannonian Rusyn: здравє (zdravje)

Slovak: zdravie

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: zdrowié

Slovincian: zdrôwjé

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: strowje

Lower Sorbian: strowje


něžьnъ

ně̀žьnъ (canonical)
něžьnъ (masculine nominative singular)
něžьna (feminine nominative singular)
něžьno (neuter nominative singular)
něžьna (genitive masculine singular)
něžьny (feminine genitive singular)
něžьna (genitive neuter singular)
něžьnu (dative masculine singular)
něžьně (dative feminine singular)
něžьnu (dative neuter singular)
něžьnъ (accusative masculine singular)
něžьnǫ (accusative feminine singular)
něžьno (accusative neuter singular)
něžьnomь (instrumental masculine singular)
něžьnojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
něžьnomь (instrumental neuter singular)
něžьně (locative masculine singular)
něžьně (feminine locative singular)
něžьně (locative neuter singular)
něžьne (masculine singular vocative)
něžьno (feminine singular vocative)
něžьno (neuter singular vocative)
něžьna (dual masculine nominative)
něžьně (dual feminine nominative)
něžьně (dual neuter nominative)
něžьnu (dual genitive masculine)
něžьnu (dual feminine genitive)
něžьnu (dual genitive neuter)
něžьnoma (dative dual masculine)
něžьnama (dative dual feminine)
něžьnoma (dative dual neuter)
něžьna (accusative dual masculine)
něžьně (accusative dual feminine)
něžьně (accusative dual neuter)
něžьnoma (dual instrumental masculine)
něžьnama (dual feminine instrumental)
něžьnoma (dual instrumental neuter)
něžьnu (dual locative masculine)
něžьnu (dual feminine locative)
něžьnu (dual locative neuter)
něžьna (dual masculine vocative)
něžьně (dual feminine vocative)
něžьně (dual neuter vocative)
něžьni (masculine nominative plural)
něžьny (feminine nominative plural)
něžьna (neuter nominative plural)
něžьnъ (genitive masculine plural)
něžьnъ (feminine genitive plural)
něžьnъ (genitive neuter plural)
něžьnomъ (dative masculine plural)
něžьnamъ (dative feminine plural)
něžьnomъ (dative neuter plural)
něžьny (accusative masculine plural)
něžьny (accusative feminine plural)
něžьna (accusative neuter plural)
něžьny (instrumental masculine plural)
něžьnami (feminine instrumental plural)
něžьny (instrumental neuter plural)
něžьněxъ (locative masculine plural)
něžьnaxъ (feminine locative plural)
něžьněxъ (locative neuter plural)
něžьni (masculine plural vocative)
něžьny (feminine plural vocative)
něžьna (neuter plural vocative)
něžьnъjь (masculine nominative singular)
něžьnaja (feminine nominative singular)
něžьnoje (neuter nominative singular)
něžьnajego (genitive masculine singular)
něžьnyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
něžьnajego (genitive neuter singular)
něžьnujemu (dative masculine singular)
něžьněji (dative feminine singular)
něžьnujemu (dative neuter singular)
něžьnъjь (accusative masculine singular)
něžьnǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
něžьnoje (accusative neuter singular)
něžьnyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
něžьnǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
něžьnyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
něžьnějemь (locative masculine singular)
něžьněji (feminine locative singular)
něžьnějemь (locative neuter singular)
něžьnъjь (masculine singular vocative)
něžьnaja (feminine singular vocative)
něžьnoje (neuter singular vocative)
něžьnaja (dual masculine nominative)
něžьněji (dual feminine nominative)
něžьněji (dual neuter nominative)
něžьnuju (dual genitive masculine)
něžьnuju (dual feminine genitive)
něžьnuju (dual genitive neuter)
něžьnyjima (dative dual masculine)
něžьnyjima (dative dual feminine)
něžьnyjima (dative dual neuter)
něžьnaja (accusative dual masculine)
něžьněji (accusative dual feminine)
něžьněji (accusative dual neuter)
něžьnyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
něžьnyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
něžьnyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
něžьnuju (dual locative masculine)
něžьnuju (dual feminine locative)
něžьnuju (dual locative neuter)
něžьnaja (dual masculine vocative)
něžьněji (dual feminine vocative)
něžьněji (dual neuter vocative)
něžьniji (masculine nominative plural)
něžьnyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
něžьnaja (neuter nominative plural)
něžьnъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
něžьnъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
něžьnъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
něžьnyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
něžьnyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
něžьnyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
něžьnyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
něžьnyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
něžьnaja (accusative neuter plural)
něžьnyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
něžьnyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
něžьnyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
něžьnyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
něžьnyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
něžьnyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
něžьniji (masculine plural vocative)
něžьnyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
něžьnaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: нѣжьнъ (něžĭnŭ)

Belarusian: не́жны (njéžny)

Russian: не́жный (néžnyj)

Ukrainian: ні́жний (nížnyj)

South Slavic:

desc

Old Church Slavonic: нѣжьнъ (něžĭnŭ, “fragile, delicate”) (12th century)

Bulgarian: не́жен (néžen)

Macedonian: нежен (nežen)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic: не̏жан, ње̏жан

Latin: nȅžan, njȅžan

Slovene: nẹ̄žen (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: něžný

Slovak: nežný

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian:

From *něga (“caress”) + *-ьnъ. Possibly akin to Latvian naigs (“quick, brisk”).


gorďaninъ

gȏrďaninъ (canonical masculine)
gorďaninъ (nominative singular)
gorďanina (dual nominative)
gorďane (nominative plural)
gorďaninъ (accusative singular)
gorďanina (accusative dual)
gorďany? (accusative plural)
gorďaninа (genitive singular)
gorďaninu (dual genitive)
gorďanъ (genitive plural)
gorďanině (locative singular)
gorďaninu (dual locative)
gorďanьxъ (locative plural)
gorďaninu (dative singular)
gorďaninoma (dative dual)
gorďanьmъ (dative plural)
gorďaninomь (instrumental singular)
gorďaninoma (dual instrumental)
gorďany? (instrumental plural)
gorďanine (singular vocative)
gorďanina (dual vocative)
gorďane (plural vocative)

sla-decl-noun-table

Declension of *gorďaninъ (hard o-stem, consonant stem)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: горожанинъ (gorožaninŭ)

Russian: горожа́нин (gorožánin)

Ukrainian: горожа́нин (horožányn)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: гражданинъ (graždaninŭ)

Bulgarian: гра́жданин (gráždanin)

→ Russian: граждани́н (graždanín)

Macedonian: граѓанин (graǵanin)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic: гра̏ђанин

Latin: grȁđanin

West Slavic:

Polish: grodzianin (“castle dweller”)

From *gȏrdъ (“fortified settlement”) + *-janinъ.
Modern descendants have become semantic loans of French bourgeois, German Bürger, English citizen - a meaning that is attested after the Renaissance.

af

townsman, burgher (resident of a fortified settlement: town, fortress, guard)


-janinъ

*-aninъ (alternative)
*-ěninъ (alternative)
-janinъ (nominative singular)
-janina (dual nominative)
-jane (nominative plural)
-janinъ (accusative singular)
-janina (accusative dual)
-jany? (accusative plural)
-janinа (genitive singular)
-janinu (dual genitive)
-janъ (genitive plural)
-janině (locative singular)
-janinu (dual locative)
-janьxъ (locative plural)
-janinu (dative singular)
-janinoma (dative dual)
-janьmъ (dative plural)
-janinomь (instrumental singular)
-janinoma (dual instrumental)
-jany? (instrumental plural)
-janine (singular vocative)
-janina (dual vocative)
-jane (plural vocative)

sla-decl-noun-table

Declension of *-janinъ (hard o-stem, consonant stem)

Compound of *-janъ + *-inъ (agentive suffix), a palatalized variant of *-ěninъ, from *-ěnъ and *-aninъ.

selo (“village”) → *seľaninъ (“villager”)

gordъ (“town, bourgh”) → *gorďaninъ (“burgher”)

mirъ (“world”) → *miřaninъ (“world-dweller”)

gora (“mountain”) → *gořaninъ (“mountain-dweller”)

lęda (“open land, field”) → *lęďaninъ (“field-dweller”)

bergъ (“coast”) → *beržan(in)ъ (“coastal dweller”)

Creates male dweller terms from toponyms or place terms:


radъ

ràdъ (canonical)
radъ (masculine nominative singular)
rada (feminine nominative singular)
rado (neuter nominative singular)
rada (genitive masculine singular)
rady (feminine genitive singular)
rada (genitive neuter singular)
radu (dative masculine singular)
radě (dative feminine singular)
radu (dative neuter singular)
radъ (accusative masculine singular)
radǫ (accusative feminine singular)
rado (accusative neuter singular)
radomь (instrumental masculine singular)
radojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
radomь (instrumental neuter singular)
radě (locative masculine singular)
radě (feminine locative singular)
radě (locative neuter singular)
rade (masculine singular vocative)
rado (feminine singular vocative)
rado (neuter singular vocative)
rada (dual masculine nominative)
radě (dual feminine nominative)
radě (dual neuter nominative)
radu (dual genitive masculine)
radu (dual feminine genitive)
radu (dual genitive neuter)
radoma (dative dual masculine)
radama (dative dual feminine)
radoma (dative dual neuter)
rada (accusative dual masculine)
radě (accusative dual feminine)
radě (accusative dual neuter)
radoma (dual instrumental masculine)
radama (dual feminine instrumental)
radoma (dual instrumental neuter)
radu (dual locative masculine)
radu (dual feminine locative)
radu (dual locative neuter)
rada (dual masculine vocative)
radě (dual feminine vocative)
radě (dual neuter vocative)
radi (masculine nominative plural)
rady (feminine nominative plural)
rada (neuter nominative plural)
radъ (genitive masculine plural)
radъ (feminine genitive plural)
radъ (genitive neuter plural)
radomъ (dative masculine plural)
radamъ (dative feminine plural)
radomъ (dative neuter plural)
rady (accusative masculine plural)
rady (accusative feminine plural)
rada (accusative neuter plural)
rady (instrumental masculine plural)
radami (feminine instrumental plural)
rady (instrumental neuter plural)
raděxъ (locative masculine plural)
radaxъ (feminine locative plural)
raděxъ (locative neuter plural)
radi (masculine plural vocative)
rady (feminine plural vocative)
rada (neuter plural vocative)
radъjь (masculine nominative singular)
radaja (feminine nominative singular)
radoje (neuter nominative singular)
radajego (genitive masculine singular)
radyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
radajego (genitive neuter singular)
radujemu (dative masculine singular)
raději (dative feminine singular)
radujemu (dative neuter singular)
radъjь (accusative masculine singular)
radǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
radoje (accusative neuter singular)
radyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
radǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
radyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
radějemь (locative masculine singular)
raději (feminine locative singular)
radějemь (locative neuter singular)
radъjь (masculine singular vocative)
radaja (feminine singular vocative)
radoje (neuter singular vocative)
radaja (dual masculine nominative)
raději (dual feminine nominative)
raději (dual neuter nominative)
raduju (dual genitive masculine)
raduju (dual feminine genitive)
raduju (dual genitive neuter)
radyjima (dative dual masculine)
radyjima (dative dual feminine)
radyjima (dative dual neuter)
radaja (accusative dual masculine)
raději (accusative dual feminine)
raději (accusative dual neuter)
radyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
radyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
radyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
raduju (dual locative masculine)
raduju (dual feminine locative)
raduju (dual locative neuter)
radaja (dual masculine vocative)
raději (dual feminine vocative)
raději (dual neuter vocative)
radiji (masculine nominative plural)
radyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
radaja (neuter nominative plural)
radъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
radъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
radъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
radyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
radyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
radyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
radyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
radyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
radaja (accusative neuter plural)
radyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
radyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
radyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
radyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
radyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
radyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
radiji (masculine plural vocative)
radyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
radaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: радъ (radŭ)

Belarusian: рады (rady)

Russian: рад (rad)

Ukrainian: ра́дий (rádyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: радъ (radŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱃⰰⰴⱏ (radŭ)

Bulgarian: рад (rad) (archaic, dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ра̏д

Latin script: rȁd

Slovene: rȁd (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: rád

Czech: rád

Old Polish: rad

Polish: rad

Silesian: rŏd

Slovak: rád

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: rad

Upper Sorbian: rad

Uncertain. Probably from an earlier *ordъ in accordance with ᾽Αρδάγαστος, ᾽Αρδαμέρι (= *Ordogostь, *Ordoměrь). Probably from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ardas.

radovati

to gladden, to please, to rejoice, to make happy


skrini

skrìni (canonical feminine)
skrini (nominative singular)
skrìňi (dual nominative)
skrìňę̇ (nominative plural)
skrìňę̇ (genitive singular)
skrìňu (dual genitive)
skrìňь (genitive plural)
skrìňī (dative singular)
skrìňama (dative dual)
skrìňāmъ (dative plural)
skrìňǫ (accusative singular)
skrìňi (accusative dual)
skrìňę̇ (accusative plural)
skrìňējǫ (instrumental singular)
skrìňǭ (instrumental singular)
skrìňama (dual instrumental)
skrìňāmī (instrumental plural)
skrìňī (locative singular)
skrìňu (dual locative)
skrìňāsъ (locative plural)
skrìňe (singular vocative)
skrìňi (dual vocative)
skrìňę̇ (plural vocative)
*skrinъ (alternative)
*skrina (alternative)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: скрина (skrina)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⰽⱃⰻⱀⰰ (skrina)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: шкри̏ња, скри̏ња

Latin script: škrȉnja, skrȉnja

Slovene: skrínja (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: skrzënia

Old Czech: skříně, škříně

Czech: skříň

Old Polish: skrzynia

Polish: skrzynia

Silesian: skrzinia

→ Lithuanian: skrynia

desc

→ Old Ruthenian: скры́нꙗ (skrýnja), скри́нꙗ (skrínja)

Ukrainian: скри́ня (skrýnja)

Belarusian: скры́ня (skrýnja)

→ Russian: скрин m (skrin), скри́ня (skrínja) (dialectal)

Slovak: skriňa

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: kśinja

Upper Sorbian: křinja

Non-Slavic:

→? Hungarian: szekrény

→ Latvian: skrine

→ Lithuanian: skrynià

Borrowed from Proto-West Germanic *skrīnī (“shrine, chest”), itself from Latin scrīnium. Probably related to native Proto-Slavic *krina.