glǫbokъ

glǫbòkъ (canonical)
glǫbokъ (masculine nominative singular)
glǫboka (feminine nominative singular)
glǫboko (neuter nominative singular)
glǫboka (genitive masculine singular)
glǫboky (feminine genitive singular)
glǫboka (genitive neuter singular)
glǫboku (dative masculine singular)
glǫbokě (dative feminine singular)
glǫboku (dative neuter singular)
glǫbokъ (accusative masculine singular)
glǫbokǫ (accusative feminine singular)
glǫboko (accusative neuter singular)
glǫbokomь (instrumental masculine singular)
glǫbokojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
glǫbokomь (instrumental neuter singular)
glǫbokě (locative masculine singular)
glǫbokě (feminine locative singular)
glǫbokě (locative neuter singular)
glǫboke (masculine singular vocative)
glǫboko (feminine singular vocative)
glǫboko (neuter singular vocative)
glǫboka (dual masculine nominative)
glǫbokě (dual feminine nominative)
glǫbokě (dual neuter nominative)
glǫboku (dual genitive masculine)
glǫboku (dual feminine genitive)
glǫboku (dual genitive neuter)
glǫbokoma (dative dual masculine)
glǫbokama (dative dual feminine)
glǫbokoma (dative dual neuter)
glǫboka (accusative dual masculine)
glǫbokě (accusative dual feminine)
glǫbokě (accusative dual neuter)
glǫbokoma (dual instrumental masculine)
glǫbokama (dual feminine instrumental)
glǫbokoma (dual instrumental neuter)
glǫboku (dual locative masculine)
glǫboku (dual feminine locative)
glǫboku (dual locative neuter)
glǫboka (dual masculine vocative)
glǫbokě (dual feminine vocative)
glǫbokě (dual neuter vocative)
glǫboki (masculine nominative plural)
glǫboky (feminine nominative plural)
glǫboka (neuter nominative plural)
glǫbokъ (genitive masculine plural)
glǫbokъ (feminine genitive plural)
glǫbokъ (genitive neuter plural)
glǫbokomъ (dative masculine plural)
glǫbokamъ (dative feminine plural)
glǫbokomъ (dative neuter plural)
glǫboky (accusative masculine plural)
glǫboky (accusative feminine plural)
glǫboka (accusative neuter plural)
glǫboky (instrumental masculine plural)
glǫbokami (feminine instrumental plural)
glǫboky (instrumental neuter plural)
glǫbokěxъ (locative masculine plural)
glǫbokaxъ (feminine locative plural)
glǫbokěxъ (locative neuter plural)
glǫboki (masculine plural vocative)
glǫboky (feminine plural vocative)
glǫboka (neuter plural vocative)
glǫbokъjь (masculine nominative singular)
glǫbokaja (feminine nominative singular)
glǫbokoje (neuter nominative singular)
glǫbokajego (genitive masculine singular)
glǫbokyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
glǫbokajego (genitive neuter singular)
glǫbokujemu (dative masculine singular)
glǫbokěji (dative feminine singular)
glǫbokujemu (dative neuter singular)
glǫbokъjь (accusative masculine singular)
glǫbokǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
glǫbokoje (accusative neuter singular)
glǫbokyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
glǫbokǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
glǫbokyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
glǫbokějemь (locative masculine singular)
glǫbokěji (feminine locative singular)
glǫbokějemь (locative neuter singular)
glǫbokъjь (masculine singular vocative)
glǫbokaja (feminine singular vocative)
glǫbokoje (neuter singular vocative)
glǫbokaja (dual masculine nominative)
glǫbokěji (dual feminine nominative)
glǫbokěji (dual neuter nominative)
glǫbokuju (dual genitive masculine)
glǫbokuju (dual feminine genitive)
glǫbokuju (dual genitive neuter)
glǫbokyjima (dative dual masculine)
glǫbokyjima (dative dual feminine)
glǫbokyjima (dative dual neuter)
glǫbokaja (accusative dual masculine)
glǫbokěji (accusative dual feminine)
glǫbokěji (accusative dual neuter)
glǫbokyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
glǫbokyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
glǫbokyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
glǫbokuju (dual locative masculine)
glǫbokuju (dual feminine locative)
glǫbokuju (dual locative neuter)
glǫbokaja (dual masculine vocative)
glǫbokěji (dual feminine vocative)
glǫbokěji (dual neuter vocative)
glǫbokiji (masculine nominative plural)
glǫbokyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
glǫbokaja (neuter nominative plural)
glǫbokъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
glǫbokъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
glǫbokъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
glǫbokyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
glǫbokyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
glǫbokyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
glǫbokyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
glǫbokyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
glǫbokaja (accusative neuter plural)
glǫbokyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
glǫbokyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
glǫbokyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
glǫbokyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
glǫbokyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
glǫbokyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
glǫbokiji (masculine plural vocative)
glǫbokyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
glǫbokaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: глѫбокъ (glǫbokŭ), глубокъ (glubokŭ)

Old Ruthenian: глубокїй (hlubokij), глыбокїй (hlybokij)

Belarusian: глыбо́кі (hlybóki)

Ukrainian: глибо́кий (hlybókyj)

Russian: глубо́кий (glubókij)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: глѫбокъ (glǫbokŭ)

Bulgarian: дълбо́к (dǎlbók) (from *dlǫbokъ, by contamination with *dъlbokъ), глъ́мбок (glǎ́mbok) (dialectal), длъ́мбок (dlǎ́mbok) (dialectal).

Macedonian: длабок (dlabok) (from *dlǫbokъ, by contamination with *dъlbokъ), глабок (glabok)

Serbo-Croatian: dubok, дубок (from *dlǫbokъ, by contamination with *dъlbokъ).

Slovene: globȍk (tonal orthography)

West Slavic

Old Czech: hluboký

Czech: hluboký

desctree

Old Polish: głęboki
Polish: głęboki
Silesian: głymboki

desc

Old Slovak: halboký, hlboký, hliboký, hluboký

Pannonian Rusyn: глїбоки (hljiboki)

Slovak: hlboký

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: głãbòczi

Slovincian: glãbôkjy

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: dłymoki

Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *glewbʰ- with nasal infix, see also Ancient Greek γλύφω (glúphō, “to carve out”). Derksen is doubtful about the phonetics, and the semantics are distant as well.


bazъ

bazъ (nominative singular)
baza (dual nominative)
bazi (nominative plural)
baza (genitive singular)
bazu (dual genitive)
bazъ (genitive plural)
bazu (dative singular)
bazoma (dative dual)
bazomъ (dative plural)
bazъ (accusative singular)
baza (accusative dual)
bazy (accusative plural)
bazъmь (instrumental singular)
bazomь (instrumental singular)
bazoma (dual instrumental)
bazy (instrumental plural)
bazě (locative singular)
bazu (dual locative)
bazěxъ (locative plural)
baze (singular vocative)
baza (dual vocative)
bazi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: бас (bas, “Sambucus”)

desc

Ukrainian: баз (baz), базни́к (baznýk, “Sambucus ebulus L.; Syringa vulgaris”)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: база́к (bazák), базани́к (bazaník), базано́к (bazanók), базо́вина (bazóvina) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian: баз

⇒ Serbo-Croatian: ба̀зга, базовина

West Slavic:

Polish: bazia

Slovak: baza

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: baz (“Sambucus nigra”)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bāˀźas, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵos.


bъzъ

bъ̏zъ (canonical masculine)
bъzъ (nominative singular)
bъza (dual nominative)
bъzi (nominative plural)
bъza (genitive singular)
bъzu (dual genitive)
bъzъ (genitive plural)
bъzu (dative singular)
bъzoma (dative dual)
bъzomъ (dative plural)
bъzъ (accusative singular)
bъza (accusative dual)
bъzy (accusative plural)
bъzъmь (instrumental singular)
bъzomь (instrumental singular)
bъzoma (dual instrumental)
bъzy (instrumental plural)
bъzě (locative singular)
bъzu (dual locative)
bъzěxъ (locative plural)
bъze (singular vocative)
bъza (dual vocative)
bъzi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: бъзъ (bŭzŭ), бозъ (bozŭ)

Russian: боз (boz) (obsolete), буз (buz)

⇒ Russian: бузина́ (buziná, “elder”)

Ukrainian: боз (boz), буз (buz)

⇒ Ukrainian: бузина́ (buzyná, “elder”)

⇒ Ukrainian: бузо́к (buzók, “lilac”)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: бъзъ (bŭzŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰱⱏⰸⱏ (bŭzŭ)

Serbo-Croatian: baz, boz

⇒ Serbo-Croatian: bàzga

Serbo-Croatian: баз, боз

⇒ Serbo-Croatian: ба̀зга

Slovene: bə̏z (tonal orthography) (dialectal)

⇒ Slovene: bəzə̏g, bə̀zəg (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: bez

Czech: bez

Polabian: båz

desctree

Old Polish: bez
Polish: bez, bes (Żywiec)
Silesian: bes

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: bes

Slovak: bez, baza

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: bóz

Lower Sorbian: bez, baz

Non-Slavic:

→ Greek: βούζιον (voúzion)

→ Hungarian: bodza

Related to Proto-Slavic *bazъ (“elder tree”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵos.

buzina

*buzъ (“hum, purr”) (in Bulgarian attested in 0-grade, identical to *bъzъ)


věra

vě̀ra (canonical feminine)
vě̀ra (nominative singular)
vě̀rě (dual nominative)
vě̀ry (nominative plural)
vě̀ry (genitive singular)
vě̀ru (dual genitive)
vě̀rъ (genitive plural)
vě̀rě (dative singular)
vě̀rama (dative dual)
vě̀ramъ (dative plural)
vě̀rǫ (accusative singular)
vě̀rě (accusative dual)
vě̀ry (accusative plural)
vě̀rojǫ (instrumental singular)
vě̀rǭ (instrumental singular)
vě̀rama (dual instrumental)
vě̀ramī (instrumental plural)
vě̀rě (locative singular)
vě̀ru (dual locative)
vě̀rasъ (locative plural)
vě̀raxъ (locative plural)
vě̀ro (singular vocative)
vě̀rě (dual vocative)
vě̀ry (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: вѣра (věra)

Old Ruthenian: вѣра (věra)

Belarusian: ве́ра (vjéra)

Ukrainian: ві́ра (víra)

Russian: ве́ра (véra)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: вѣра (věra)

Bulgarian: вя́ра (vjára)

Macedonian: вера (vera)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ве̏ра

Latin script: vȅra

Slovene: vẹ́ra (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: viera

Czech: víra

Old Polish: wiera

Polish: wiara

Old Slovak:

Pannonian Rusyn: вира (vira)

Slovak: viera

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: wěra

Lower Sorbian: wěra

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wēˀrāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁reh₂, from *weh₁- (“true”).


syrъ

syrъ (masculine nominative singular)
syra (feminine nominative singular)
syro (neuter nominative singular)
syra (genitive masculine singular)
syry (feminine genitive singular)
syra (genitive neuter singular)
syru (dative masculine singular)
syrě (dative feminine singular)
syru (dative neuter singular)
syrъ (accusative masculine singular)
syrǫ (accusative feminine singular)
syro (accusative neuter singular)
syromь (instrumental masculine singular)
syrojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
syromь (instrumental neuter singular)
syrě (locative masculine singular)
syrě (feminine locative singular)
syrě (locative neuter singular)
syre (masculine singular vocative)
syro (feminine singular vocative)
syro (neuter singular vocative)
syra (dual masculine nominative)
syrě (dual feminine nominative)
syrě (dual neuter nominative)
syru (dual genitive masculine)
syru (dual feminine genitive)
syru (dual genitive neuter)
syroma (dative dual masculine)
syrama (dative dual feminine)
syroma (dative dual neuter)
syra (accusative dual masculine)
syrě (accusative dual feminine)
syrě (accusative dual neuter)
syroma (dual instrumental masculine)
syrama (dual feminine instrumental)
syroma (dual instrumental neuter)
syru (dual locative masculine)
syru (dual feminine locative)
syru (dual locative neuter)
syra (dual masculine vocative)
syrě (dual feminine vocative)
syrě (dual neuter vocative)
syri (masculine nominative plural)
syry (feminine nominative plural)
syra (neuter nominative plural)
syrъ (genitive masculine plural)
syrъ (feminine genitive plural)
syrъ (genitive neuter plural)
syromъ (dative masculine plural)
syramъ (dative feminine plural)
syromъ (dative neuter plural)
syry (accusative masculine plural)
syry (accusative feminine plural)
syra (accusative neuter plural)
syry (instrumental masculine plural)
syrami (feminine instrumental plural)
syry (instrumental neuter plural)
syrěxъ (locative masculine plural)
syraxъ (feminine locative plural)
syrěxъ (locative neuter plural)
syri (masculine plural vocative)
syry (feminine plural vocative)
syra (neuter plural vocative)
syrъjь (masculine nominative singular)
syraja (feminine nominative singular)
syroje (neuter nominative singular)
syrajego (genitive masculine singular)
syryję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
syrajego (genitive neuter singular)
syrujemu (dative masculine singular)
syrěji (dative feminine singular)
syrujemu (dative neuter singular)
syrъjь (accusative masculine singular)
syrǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
syroje (accusative neuter singular)
syryjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
syrǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
syryjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
syrějemь (locative masculine singular)
syrěji (feminine locative singular)
syrějemь (locative neuter singular)
syrъjь (masculine singular vocative)
syraja (feminine singular vocative)
syroje (neuter singular vocative)
syraja (dual masculine nominative)
syrěji (dual feminine nominative)
syrěji (dual neuter nominative)
syruju (dual genitive masculine)
syruju (dual feminine genitive)
syruju (dual genitive neuter)
syryjima (dative dual masculine)
syryjima (dative dual feminine)
syryjima (dative dual neuter)
syraja (accusative dual masculine)
syrěji (accusative dual feminine)
syrěji (accusative dual neuter)
syryjima (dual instrumental masculine)
syryjima (dual feminine instrumental)
syryjima (dual instrumental neuter)
syruju (dual locative masculine)
syruju (dual feminine locative)
syruju (dual locative neuter)
syraja (dual masculine vocative)
syrěji (dual feminine vocative)
syrěji (dual neuter vocative)
syriji (masculine nominative plural)
syryję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
syraja (neuter nominative plural)
syrъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
syrъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
syrъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
syryjimъ (dative masculine plural)
syryjimъ (dative feminine plural)
syryjimъ (dative neuter plural)
syryję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
syryję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
syraja (accusative neuter plural)
syryjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
syryjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
syryjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
syryjixъ (locative masculine plural)
syryjixъ (feminine locative plural)
syryjixъ (locative neuter plural)
syriji (masculine plural vocative)
syryję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
syraja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: сыры́ (syrý)

Russian: сыро́й (syrój)

Ukrainian: сири́й (syrýj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: сꙑръ (syrŭ)

desc

Bulgarian: сир (sir) (dialectal, usually in compounds)

Serbo-Croatian: sir

West Slavic:

Czech: syrý, sýr

Kashubian: sër

Polish: ser

Silesian: syr

Slovak: syr

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: syry

Upper Sorbian: syry

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sū́ˀras, from Proto-Indo-European *súHros (“sour, salty, bitter”).
Compare typologically Serbo-Croatian ки̏ша (related to Proto-Slavic *kysělъ).


jegъda

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: егда (jegda)
Old Ruthenian: єгда́ (jehdá)
Russian: егда́ (jegdá) (archaic)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: ѥгда (jegda)

Serbo-Croatian: jegda, jeda

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jedy

Old Polish: jegdy

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *jas gadas. Equivalent to *je + *-gъda. Compare Lithuanian jeigu (“if”), Sanskrit यदा (yadā, “if, when”), Avestan 𐬫𐬀𐬛𐬁 (yadā).

*jeda (alternative)
*jegъdy (alternative)


grьkъ

grьkyni (feminine)
grьkъ (nominative singular)
grьka (dual nominative)
grьci (nominative plural)
grьka (genitive singular)
grьku (dual genitive)
grьkъ (genitive plural)
grьku (dative singular)
grьkoma (dative dual)
grьkomъ (dative plural)
grьkъ (accusative singular)
grьka (accusative dual)
grьky (accusative plural)
grьkъmь (instrumental singular)
grьkomь (instrumental singular)
grьkoma (dual instrumental)
grьky (instrumental plural)
grьcě (locative singular)
grьku (dual locative)
grьcěxъ (locative plural)
grьče (singular vocative)
grьka (dual vocative)
grьci (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⰳⱃⱐⰽⱏ (grĭkŭ)

Old Cyrillic script: грькъ (grĭkŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: Гр̏к

Latin script: Gȑk

Slovene: Gȓk (tonal orthography)

Non-Slavic:

→ Albanian: gërk

Back-formation from *grьčьskъ. North Slavic words are more modern borrowings (expected Old Polish *Grzek, Old Czech *Hřek, Old Slovak *Hrk, Upper Sorbian *Hrjek /*Hrjok, Lower Sorbian *Grjek are not attested).


mьzda

mьzdà (canonical feminine)
mьzdà (nominative singular)
mь̀zdě (dual nominative)
mьzdỳ (nominative plural)
mьzdỳ (genitive singular)
mьzdù (dual genitive)
mь̀zdъ (genitive plural)
mьzdě̀ (dative singular)
mьzdàma (dative dual)
mьzdàmъ (dative plural)
mьzdǫ̀ (accusative singular)
mь̀zdě (accusative dual)
mьzdỳ (accusative plural)
mьzdòjǫ (instrumental singular)
mь̀zdǫ (instrumental singular)
mьzdàma (dual instrumental)
mьzdàmī (instrumental plural)
mьzdě̀ (locative singular)
mьzdù (dual locative)
mьzdàsъ (locative plural)
mьzdàxъ (locative plural)
mьzdo (singular vocative)
mь̀zdě (dual vocative)
mьzdỳ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: мзда (mzda), мьзда (mĭzda), мъзда (mŭzda), мезда (mezda)

Old Ruthenian: мзда (mzda)

Ukrainian: мзда (mzda)

Russian: мзда (mzda)

Old Novgorodian: мьꙁда (mĭzda), мꙁда (mzda)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: мьзда (mĭzda)

Bulgarian: мъзда́ (mǎzdá)

Macedonian: мазд m (mazd)

Serbo-Croatian: mázda, mzda, ма́зда, мзда

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: mə̄zda, məzdà, mẹ̄zda, mézda (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: mzda

Czech: mzda

Old Polish: mzda

Polish: mzda (16th century)

Slovak: mzda

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: mzda, zda

Lower Sorbian: mzda

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *misdá, from Proto-Indo-European *misdʰéh₂.


vьśěmo

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: вьсꙗмо (vĭsjamo), вьсѧмо (vĭsęmo)

Russian: всям (vsjam), всямо (vsjamo)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: вьсѣмо (vĭsěmo)


jьnamo

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: инамо (inamo)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: инамо (inamo)

Serbo-Croatian: inam, inamo

Slovene: inam

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jinamo, jinam

Czech: jinam

Polabian: jainăm

Slovak: inam


sěmo

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: сѣмо (sěmo), сѧмо (sęmo), само (samo), сѣмь (sěmĭ, “hereto”)

Russian: сям (sjam)

Ukrainian: сям (sjam)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: сѣмо (sěmo)

Bulgarian: сам (sam) (obsolete, dialectal), ⇒ наса́м (nasám)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: си̏мо

Latin script: sȉmo

Slovene: sem (“here, hereto”)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: sěmo, sěm

Czech: sem

Polabian: sem

Old Polish: siam

Slovak: sem

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: sem

Lower Sorbian: sem (“hereto”)


stroka

strokà (canonical feminine)
strokà (nominative singular)
strȍcě (dual nominative)
strȍky (nominative plural)
stroký (genitive singular)
strokù (dual genitive)
stròkъ (genitive plural)
strocě̀ (dative singular)
strokàma (dative dual)
strokàmъ (dative plural)
strȍkǫ (accusative singular)
strȍcě (accusative dual)
strȍky (accusative plural)
strokojǫ́ (instrumental singular)
strokàma (dual instrumental)
strokàmi (instrumental plural)
strȍcě (locative singular)
strokù (dual locative)
strokàsъ (locative plural)
strokàxъ (locative plural)
stroko (singular vocative)
strȍcě (dual vocative)
strȍky (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: строка (stroka)

Russian: строка́ (stroká), стро́чка (stróčka)

Ukrainian: строка́ (stroká), стрі́чка (stríčka)

West Slavic:

Middle Polish: stroka (“mark, pattern”)

→ Belarusian: страка́ (straká, “belt”)

→ Ukrainian: строка́ (stroká, “band, ribbon”)

Probably from a k-extension of Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“stern, rigid”), originally meaning “pricking (on a skewer)” (per Vasmer). Akin to Latvian stracis (“moment”).

strokatъ

alternating, occuring in pattern; motley (for coloration)

(by extension) linear arrangment, pattern


děverь

dě̀verь (canonical)
dě̑verь (canonical masculine)
dě̀verь (nominative singular)
dě̀veri (dual nominative)
dě̀verьjē (nominative plural)
dě̀verī (genitive singular)
dě̀verьju (dual genitive)
dě̀verьjь (genitive plural)
dě̀veri (dative singular)
dě̀verьma (dative dual)
dě̀verьmъ (dative plural)
dě̀verь (accusative singular)
dě̀veri (accusative dual)
dě̀veri (accusative plural)
dě̀verьmь (instrumental singular)
dě̀verьma (dual instrumental)
dě̀verьmī (instrumental plural)
dě̀verī (locative singular)
dě̀verьju (dual locative)
dě̀verьxъ (locative plural)
děveri (singular vocative)
dě̀veri (dual vocative)
dě̀verьjē (plural vocative)
dě̑verь (nominative singular)
dě̑veri (dual nominative)
dě̑verьjē (nominative plural)
děverí (genitive singular)
děverьjù (dual genitive)
děverь̀jь (genitive plural)
dě̑veri (dative singular)
děverьmà (dative dual)
dě̑verьmъ (dative plural)
dě̑verь (accusative singular)
dě̑veri (accusative dual)
dě̑veri (accusative plural)
dě̑verьmь (instrumental singular)
děverьmà (dual instrumental)
děverьmì (instrumental plural)
děverí (locative singular)
děverьjù (dual locative)
dě̑verьxъ (locative plural)
děveri (singular vocative)
dě̑veri (dual vocative)
dě̑verьjē (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: дзе́вер (dzjévjer)

Russian: де́верь (déverʹ)

Ukrainian: ді́вер (díver)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: де́вер (déver)

→ Romanian: dever

Macedonian: де́вер (déver)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: де̏вер, дје̏вер

Latin script: dȅvēr, djȅver

Chakavian: dȉver

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: devẹ̑r, dẹ́ver (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: deveř

Old Polish: dziewierz

Polish: dziewierz

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dāˀiweris, from Proto-Indo-European *dayh₂wḗr. Baltic cognates include Latvian diẽveris, Lithuanian di̇́everis. Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek δαήρ (daḗr), Latin lēvir, Proto-Germanic *taikuraz, Sanskrit देवृ (devṛ́).


vymę

vỳmę (canonical neuter)
vỳmę (nominative singular)
vỳmeni (dual nominative)
vỳmenā (nominative plural)
vỳmene (genitive singular)
vỳmenu (dual genitive)
vỳmenъ (genitive plural)
vỳmeni (dative singular)
vỳmenьma (dative dual)
vỳmenьmъ (dative plural)
vỳmę (accusative singular)
vỳmeni (accusative dual)
vỳmenā (accusative plural)
vỳmenьmь (instrumental singular)
vỳmenьma (dual instrumental)
vỳmenȳ (instrumental plural)
vỳmene (locative singular)
vỳmenu (dual locative)
vỳmenьxъ (locative plural)
vỳmę (singular vocative)
vỳmeni (dual vocative)
vỳmenā (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: вꙑмѧ (vymę)

Belarusian: вы́мя (výmja)

Russian: вы́мя (výmja)

Ukrainian: ви́м'я (výmʺja)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: ви́ме (víme)

Macedonian: виме (vime)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ви̏ме

Latin script: vȉme, (Chakavian) vȉme

Slovene: víme

West Slavic:

Old Czech: výmě

Czech: vemeno

Moravian (Mistřice): vimeno

Old Polish: wymię

Polish: wymię

Slovak: vemä

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: wumjo

Lower Sorbian: wumje

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ūdmen, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ówHdʰr̥.


strěxa

strěxa (nominative singular)
strěśě (dual nominative)
strěxy (nominative plural)
strěxy (genitive singular)
strěxu (dual genitive)
strěxъ (genitive plural)
strěśě (dative singular)
strěxama (dative dual)
strěxamъ (dative plural)
strěxǫ (accusative singular)
strěśě (accusative dual)
strěxy (accusative plural)
strěxojǫ (instrumental singular)
strěxǫ (instrumental singular)
strěxama (dual instrumental)
strěxami (instrumental plural)
strěśě (locative singular)
strěxu (dual locative)
strěxasъ (locative plural)
strěxaxъ (locative plural)
strěxo (singular vocative)
strěśě (dual vocative)
strěxy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: стрѣха (strěxa)

Belarusian: страха́ (straxá)

Russian: стреха́ (strexá)

Ukrainian: стрі́ха (stríxa)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: стрѣха (strěxa)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱅⱃⱑⱈⰰ (strěxa)

desc

Bulgarian: стря́ха (strjáha), стреха́ (strehá)

Macedonian: стреа (strea)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: стрѐха

Latin script: strèha

Slovene: streha

→ Albanian: strehë

West Slavic:

Old Czech: střěcha

Czech: střecha

Old Polish: strzecha

Polish: strzecha

Slovak: strecha

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: třěcha

Lower Sorbian: tśěcha, stśěcha

From Proto-Indo-European *sterh₃- (“to spread, to extend”).
Compare Lithuanian stri̇́egti (“to roof”)


tьrnъ

tь̃rnъ (canonical masculine)
tь̃rnъ (nominative singular)
tьrnà (dual nominative)
tьrnì (nominative plural)
tьrnà (genitive singular)
tьrnù (dual genitive)
tь̃rnъ (genitive plural)
tьrnù (dative singular)
tьrnòma (dative dual)
tьrnòmъ (dative plural)
tь̃rnъ (accusative singular)
tьrnà (accusative dual)
tьrnỳ (accusative plural)
tьrnъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
tьrnòmь (instrumental singular)
tьrnòma (dual instrumental)
tь̃rny (instrumental plural)
tьrně̀ (locative singular)
tьrnù (dual locative)
tь̃rněxъ (locative plural)
tьrne (singular vocative)
tьrnà (dual vocative)
tьrnì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: тьрнъ (tĭrnŭ)

Belarusian: цёрн (cjorn)

Russian: тёрн (tjorn), тёрен (tjóren)

Ukrainian: те́рен (téren)

South Slavic:

desc

Old Church Slavonic: трьнъ (trĭnŭ), трънъ (trŭnŭ)

Bulgarian: трън (trǎn)

Macedonian: трн (trn)

Serbo-Croatian: тр̑н, tȓn, tȑń, tr̃n

Slovene: tŕn (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: trn

Czech: trn

Kashubian: cérzniô

Polabian: dren

desctree

Old Polish: ciernie, cierznie, cirnie, cirznie, cirń
Polish: cierń, ciernie, tarnie (Middle Polish), czernie, czérznie, czyrznie (Kuyavia), cirznie (Central Greater Poland, Near Masovian, Grudów), cirzń (Central Greater Poland, Near Masovian), cyrznie (Near Masovian)
Silesian: ciyrń

Slovak: tŕň

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: ćerń

Lower Sorbian: śerń

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tirnas, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós, although AP b is unexpected.


tьrnьje

tьrnьje (nominative singular)
tьrnьji (dual nominative)
tьrnьja (nominative plural)
tьrnьja (genitive singular)
tьrnьju (dual genitive)
tьrnьjь (genitive plural)
tьrnьju (dative singular)
tьrnьjema (dative dual)
tьrnьjemъ (dative plural)
tьrnьje (accusative singular)
tьrnьji (accusative dual)
tьrnьja (accusative plural)
tьrnьjьmь (instrumental singular)
tьrnьjemь (instrumental singular)
tьrnьjema (dual instrumental)
tьrnьji (instrumental plural)
tьrnьji (locative singular)
tьrnьju (dual locative)
tьrnьjixъ (locative plural)
tьrnьje (singular vocative)
tьrnьji (dual vocative)
tьrnьja (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: тьрние (tĭrnije)

Russian: те́рние (térnije)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: трьниѥ (trĭnije)

Glagolitic script: ⱅⱃⱐⱀⱐⰵ (trĭnĭe)

desc

>? Bulgarian: тръ́не (trǎ́ne) (dialectal)

Macedonian: трње (trnje)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тр̑ње

Latin script: tȓnje

Slovene: tŕnje (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: trnie

Czech: trní

Slovak: tŕnie


koty

kotỳ (canonical feminine)
kotỳ (nominative singular)
kotъ̀vi (dual nominative)
kotъ̀vi (nominative plural)
kotъ̀ve (genitive singular)
kotъ̀vu (dual genitive)
kotъ̀vъ (genitive plural)
kotъ̀vi (dative singular)
kotъ̀vьma (dative dual)
kotъ̀vama (dative dual)
kotъ̀vьmъ (dative plural)
kotъ̀vamъ (dative plural)
kotъ̀vь (accusative singular)
kotъ̀vi (accusative dual)
kotъ̀vi (accusative plural)
kotъ̀vьjǫ (instrumental singular)
kotъ̀vľǭ (instrumental singular)
kotъ̀vьma (dual instrumental)
kotъ̀vama (dual instrumental)
kotъ̀vьmī (instrumental plural)
kotъ̀vamī (instrumental plural)
kotъ̀ve (locative singular)
kotъ̀vu (dual locative)
kotъ̀vьxъ (locative plural)
kotъ̀vaxъ (locative plural)
kotỳ (singular vocative)
kotъ̀vi (dual vocative)
kotъ̀vi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: котва (kotva) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: кі́тва (kítva)

⇒ Ukrainian: кі́тви́ця (kítvýcja)

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic котва (kotva)

Bulgarian: ко́тва (kótva)

Macedonian: котва (kotva)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ко̏тва

Latin script: kȍtva

Slovene: kȏtva (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: kotva; kotev (dialectal)

Polabian: ťötåi (“cat”)

desctree

Old Polish: kotew, kotwa
Polish: kotew, kotwa

Slovak: kotva

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: kótwa

⇒ Lower Sorbian: kótwica

Upper Sorbian: kótwa

⇒ Upper Sorbian: kótwica

From *kotъ (“cat”) + *-y.
Compare Serbo-Croatian mȁčka (“cat; anchor”), Hungarian vasmacska (literally “iron cat”), Old Church Slavonic котъка (kotŭka, “anchor”), Russian кошка (koška, “anchor with 3-5 flukes”), Romanian cătușă (“anchor”), German Kattanker / Katzanker (“small anchor”), Middle Low German katt (“small anchor”) and Ancient Greek κότυς (kótus), Κότυς (Kótus).


-sna

-sna (nominative singular)
-sně (dual nominative)
-sny (nominative plural)
-sny (genitive singular)
-snu (dual genitive)
-snъ (genitive plural)
-sně (dative singular)
-snama (dative dual)
-snamъ (dative plural)
-snǫ (accusative singular)
-sně (accusative dual)
-sny (accusative plural)
-snojǫ (instrumental singular)
-snǫ (instrumental singular)
-snama (dual instrumental)
-snami (instrumental plural)
-sně (locative singular)
-snu (dual locative)
-snasъ (locative plural)
-snaxъ (locative plural)
-sno (singular vocative)
-sně (dual vocative)
-sny (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-snāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *-sneh₂.

dęsna

luna

plesna


-měrъ

-měrъ (nominative singular)
-měra (dual nominative)
-měri (nominative plural)
-měra (genitive singular)
-měru (dual genitive)
-měrъ (genitive plural)
-měru (dative singular)
-měroma (dative dual)
-měromъ (dative plural)
-měrъ (accusative singular)
-měra (accusative dual)
-měry (accusative plural)
-měrъmь (instrumental singular)
-měromь (instrumental singular)
-měroma (dual instrumental)
-měry (instrumental plural)
-měrě (locative singular)
-měru (dual locative)
-měrěxъ (locative plural)
-měre (singular vocative)
-měra (dual vocative)
-měri (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *meh₁ros (“great”).
Cognate with
Ancient Greek -μωρος (-mōros),
Proto-Celtic *māros (“great”) (> Old Irish mór),
Proto-Germanic *mēri- (“famous”) (> Old High German māri)


droždža

droždža (nominative singular)
droždži (dual nominative)
droždžę̇ (nominative plural)
droždžę̇ (genitive singular)
droždžu (dual genitive)
droždžь (genitive plural)
droždži (dative singular)
droždžama (dative dual)
droždžamъ (dative plural)
droždžǫ (accusative singular)
droždži (accusative dual)
droždžę̇ (accusative plural)
droždžejǫ (instrumental singular)
droždžǫ (instrumental singular)
droždžama (dual instrumental)
droždžami (instrumental plural)
droždži (locative singular)
droždžu (dual locative)
droždžasъ (locative plural)
droždžaxъ (locative plural)
droždže (singular vocative)
droždži (dual vocative)
droždžę̇ (plural vocative)

desc

Old East Slavic: дрожди pl (droždi), дрождиꙗ pl (droždija), Дрожжа (Drožža), Дрозжа (Drozža)

Belarusian: дражджа́ (draždžá), дро́жджы (dróždžy)

Russian: дро́жжи pl (dróžži)

Ukrainian: дрі́жджі pl (dríždži), дрі́жчі pl (drížči)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: дрождиѩ f pl (droždiję)

Bulgarian: дро́жди pl (dróždi)

Macedonian:

Serbo-Croatian: дро̀жда, drožđe n

Slovene: dróžja, drožje f pl, drožȋ f pl, drožȇ f pl

West Slavic:

Old Czech: droždie

Czech: droždí n

Old Polish: drożdża

Polish: drożdże pl

Slovak: droždie n

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: droždźe pl, drož m

Lower Sorbian: droždźeje f pl

From *drogъ + *-zgъ + *-ja, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dragjāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrágʰ-yeh₂, from *dʰrā́ks.


glьjь

glьjь (nominative singular)
glьja (dual nominative)
glьji (nominative plural)
glьja (genitive singular)
glьju (dual genitive)
glьjь (genitive plural)
glьju (dative singular)
glьjema (dative dual)
glьjemъ (dative plural)
glьjь (accusative singular)
glьja (accusative dual)
glьję̇ (accusative plural)
glьjьmь (instrumental singular)
glьjemь (instrumental singular)
glьjema (dual instrumental)
glьji (instrumental plural)
glьji (locative singular)
glьju (dual locative)
glьjixъ (locative plural)
glьju (singular vocative)
glьja (dual vocative)
glьji (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *глеи (*glei)

Old Ruthenian: глей m (hlej, “sticky clay”)

Belarusian: глей m (hljej, “silt”) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: глей m (hlej, “sticky clay, silt; mud; swamp”); ґлей (glej, “glue; resin”), глей m (hlej, “white clay”) (dialectal)

→ English: gley

Russian: глей m (glej, “clay, gleysol”), гле́я f (gléja, “clay; mud”) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: гле̑ј m (“gley”)

Latin script: glȇj m (“gley”)

West Slavic:

Czech: gľej m, glej m (“glue; resin”) (dialectal)

Polish: glej m (“gleysol”)

Slovak: glej m (“wood glue”); glia, glie (“glue”) (dialectal)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *gl̥h₁y-ó-s, from Proto-Indo-European *gleh₁y- (“to smear, stick”).


glěnь

glěnь (nominative singular)
glěni (dual nominative)
glěni (nominative plural)
glěni (genitive singular)
glěnьju (dual genitive)
glěnьjь (genitive plural)
glěni (dative singular)
glěnьma (dative dual)
glěnьmъ (dative plural)
glěnь (accusative singular)
glěni (accusative dual)
glěni (accusative plural)
glěnьjǫ (instrumental singular)
glěnьma (dual instrumental)
glěnьmi (instrumental plural)
glěni (locative singular)
glěnьju (dual locative)
glěnьxъ (locative plural)
glěni (singular vocative)
glěni (dual vocative)
glěni (plural vocative)
*glěnъ (alternative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: глѣнъ m (glěnŭ)

Russian: глень f (glenʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Russian Church Slavonic: глѣнъ m (glěnŭ)

Bulgarian: глен f (glen) (dialectal)

Slovene: glę̂n m

West Slavic:

Czech: hlen m

Old Polish: glan m

Polish: glon m

Slovak: hlien m

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: hlen m

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gláiˀnis, from Proto-Indo-European *gloh₁i-ni-s, from *gleh₁y- (“to smear, stick”).


kosmъ

*kosma (alternative)
kosmъ (nominative singular)
kosma (dual nominative)
kosmi (nominative plural)
kosma (genitive singular)
kosmu (dual genitive)
kosmъ (genitive plural)
kosmu (dative singular)
kosmoma (dative dual)
kosmomъ (dative plural)
kosmъ (accusative singular)
kosma (accusative dual)
kosmy (accusative plural)
kosmъmь (instrumental singular)
kosmomь (instrumental singular)
kosmoma (dual instrumental)
kosmy (instrumental plural)
kosmě (locative singular)
kosmu (dual locative)
kosměxъ (locative plural)
kosme (singular vocative)
kosma (dual vocative)
kosmi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: космъ (kosmŭ)

Old Ruthenian: космок (kosmok)

Belarusian: ко́смы pl (kósmy) (dialectal)

⇒ Belarusian: касмы́лъ

desc

Ukrainian: косом (kosom), космо́к (kosmók)

Russian: ко́смы pl (kósmy)

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic: космъ (kosmŭ) (Russian recension)

Bulgarian: ко́съм (kósǎm); косме́ (kosmé) (dialectal)

Macedonian: косма (kosma)

Slovene: kósem

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kosmy pl

Czech: kosm (dated)

Old Polish: kosm

Polish: kosm (obsolete)

⇒ Polish: kosmyk

Slovak: kosmi

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: kósm

Upper Sorbian: kosm


bažiti

baženьje (noun-from-verb)
bažiti (infinitive)
bažitъ (supine)
bažilъ (l-participle)
baženъ (participle passive past)
bažimъ (participle passive present)
bažь (active participle past)
bažę (active participle present)
bažixъ (aorist first-person singular)
baži (aorist second-person singular)
baži (aorist singular third-person)
bažǫ (first-person present singular)
bažiši (present second-person singular)
bažitь (present singular third-person)
bažixově (aorist dual first-person)
bažista (aorist dual second-person)
bažiste (aorist dual third-person)
baživě (dual first-person present)
bažita (dual present second-person)
bažite (dual present third-person)
bažixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
bažiste (aorist plural second-person)
bažišę (aorist plural third-person)
bažimъ (first-person plural present)
bažite (plural present second-person)
bažętь (plural present third-person)
bažaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
bažaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
bažaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
baži (imperative second-person singular)
baži (imperative singular third-person)
bažaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
bažaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
bažaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
baživě (dual first-person imperative)
bažita (dual imperative second-person)
bažaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
bažaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
bažaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
bažimъ (first-person imperative plural)
bažite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: бажа́ть (bažátʹ), ба́жи́ть (bážítʹ)

Middle Ukrainian: бажити (bažyty)

Ukrainian: бажи́ти (bažýty)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: bažiti

Czech: bažit

Greater Polish: bażyć

Slovak: bažiť

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-. For the meaning compare Polish prażyć, pragnienie.


vьrťi

vьršenьje (noun-from-verb)
vьrťi (infinitive)
vьrťь (supine)
vьrxlъ (l-participle)
vьršenъ (participle passive past)
vьrxomъ (participle passive present)
vьrxъ (active participle past)
vьrxy (active participle present)
vьrxъ (aorist first-person singular)
vьrxoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
vьrše (aorist second-person singular)
vьrše (aorist singular third-person)
vьrxǫ (first-person present singular)
vьršeši (present second-person singular)
vьršetь (present singular third-person)
vьrxově (aorist dual first-person)
vьrxoxově (aorist dual first-person)
vьrxeta (aorist dual second-person)
vьrxosta (aorist dual second-person)
vьrxete (aorist dual third-person)
vьrxoste (aorist dual third-person)
vьrševě (dual first-person present)
vьršeta (dual present second-person)
vьršete (dual present third-person)
vьrxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
vьrxoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
vьrxete (aorist plural second-person)
vьrxoste (aorist plural second-person)
vьrxǫ (aorist plural third-person)
vьrxošę (aorist plural third-person)
vьršemъ (first-person plural present)
vьršete (plural present second-person)
vьrxǫtь (plural present third-person)
vьršaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
vьršaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
vьršaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
vьrśi (imperative second-person singular)
vьrśi (imperative singular third-person)
vьršaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
vьršaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
vьršaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
vьrśěvě (dual first-person imperative)
vьrśěta (dual imperative second-person)
vьršaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
vьršaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
vьršaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
vьrśěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
vьrśěte (imperative plural second-person)

Church Slavonic: врѣшти (vrěšti) (Russian)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: връха́ (vrǎhá)

Macedonian: врши (vrši)

⇒ Serbo-Croatian: овр́ћи

From Proto-Indo-European *wers-. Baltic cognates include Latvian vârsms; Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek ἔρρω (érrhō), Latin verrō, and Old High German wërran.


kolovozъ

kolovozъ (nominative singular)
kolovoza (dual nominative)
kolovozi (nominative plural)
kolovoza (genitive singular)
kolovozu (dual genitive)
kolovozъ (genitive plural)
kolovozu (dative singular)
kolovozoma (dative dual)
kolovozomъ (dative plural)
kolovozъ (accusative singular)
kolovoza (accusative dual)
kolovozy (accusative plural)
kolovozъmь (instrumental singular)
kolovozomь (instrumental singular)
kolovozoma (dual instrumental)
kolovozy (instrumental plural)
kolovozě (locative singular)
kolovozu (dual locative)
kolovozěxъ (locative plural)
kolovoze (singular vocative)
kolovoza (dual vocative)
kolovozi (plural vocative)

Church Slavonic: коловозьць (kolovozĭcĭ) (Russian)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: колово́з (kolovóz), калаво́с (kalavós), кулуо́с (kuluós)

Macedonian: коловоз (kolovoz)

Serbo-Croatian: ко̏лово̄з, kȍlovōz

Slovene: kolovòz

West Slavic:

Polish: kołowóz

Slovincian: kôlôvóz


vъnǫtrьnъ

vъnǫtrьnъ (masculine nominative singular)
vъnǫtrьna (feminine nominative singular)
vъnǫtrьno (neuter nominative singular)
vъnǫtrьna (genitive masculine singular)
vъnǫtrьny (feminine genitive singular)
vъnǫtrьna (genitive neuter singular)
vъnǫtrьnu (dative masculine singular)
vъnǫtrьně (dative feminine singular)
vъnǫtrьnu (dative neuter singular)
vъnǫtrьnъ (accusative masculine singular)
vъnǫtrьnǫ (accusative feminine singular)
vъnǫtrьno (accusative neuter singular)
vъnǫtrьnomь (instrumental masculine singular)
vъnǫtrьnojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
vъnǫtrьnomь (instrumental neuter singular)
vъnǫtrьně (locative masculine singular)
vъnǫtrьně (feminine locative singular)
vъnǫtrьně (locative neuter singular)
vъnǫtrьne (masculine singular vocative)
vъnǫtrьno (feminine singular vocative)
vъnǫtrьno (neuter singular vocative)
vъnǫtrьna (dual masculine nominative)
vъnǫtrьně (dual feminine nominative)
vъnǫtrьně (dual neuter nominative)
vъnǫtrьnu (dual genitive masculine)
vъnǫtrьnu (dual feminine genitive)
vъnǫtrьnu (dual genitive neuter)
vъnǫtrьnoma (dative dual masculine)
vъnǫtrьnama (dative dual feminine)
vъnǫtrьnoma (dative dual neuter)
vъnǫtrьna (accusative dual masculine)
vъnǫtrьně (accusative dual feminine)
vъnǫtrьně (accusative dual neuter)
vъnǫtrьnoma (dual instrumental masculine)
vъnǫtrьnama (dual feminine instrumental)
vъnǫtrьnoma (dual instrumental neuter)
vъnǫtrьnu (dual locative masculine)
vъnǫtrьnu (dual feminine locative)
vъnǫtrьnu (dual locative neuter)
vъnǫtrьna (dual masculine vocative)
vъnǫtrьně (dual feminine vocative)
vъnǫtrьně (dual neuter vocative)
vъnǫtrьni (masculine nominative plural)
vъnǫtrьny (feminine nominative plural)
vъnǫtrьna (neuter nominative plural)
vъnǫtrьnъ (genitive masculine plural)
vъnǫtrьnъ (feminine genitive plural)
vъnǫtrьnъ (genitive neuter plural)
vъnǫtrьnomъ (dative masculine plural)
vъnǫtrьnamъ (dative feminine plural)
vъnǫtrьnomъ (dative neuter plural)
vъnǫtrьny (accusative masculine plural)
vъnǫtrьny (accusative feminine plural)
vъnǫtrьna (accusative neuter plural)
vъnǫtrьny (instrumental masculine plural)
vъnǫtrьnami (feminine instrumental plural)
vъnǫtrьny (instrumental neuter plural)
vъnǫtrьněxъ (locative masculine plural)
vъnǫtrьnaxъ (feminine locative plural)
vъnǫtrьněxъ (locative neuter plural)
vъnǫtrьni (masculine plural vocative)
vъnǫtrьny (feminine plural vocative)
vъnǫtrьna (neuter plural vocative)
vъnǫtrьnъjь (masculine nominative singular)
vъnǫtrьnaja (feminine nominative singular)
vъnǫtrьnoje (neuter nominative singular)
vъnǫtrьnajego (genitive masculine singular)
vъnǫtrьnyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
vъnǫtrьnajego (genitive neuter singular)
vъnǫtrьnujemu (dative masculine singular)
vъnǫtrьněji (dative feminine singular)
vъnǫtrьnujemu (dative neuter singular)
vъnǫtrьnъjь (accusative masculine singular)
vъnǫtrьnǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
vъnǫtrьnoje (accusative neuter singular)
vъnǫtrьnyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
vъnǫtrьnǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
vъnǫtrьnyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
vъnǫtrьnějemь (locative masculine singular)
vъnǫtrьněji (feminine locative singular)
vъnǫtrьnějemь (locative neuter singular)
vъnǫtrьnъjь (masculine singular vocative)
vъnǫtrьnaja (feminine singular vocative)
vъnǫtrьnoje (neuter singular vocative)
vъnǫtrьnaja (dual masculine nominative)
vъnǫtrьněji (dual feminine nominative)
vъnǫtrьněji (dual neuter nominative)
vъnǫtrьnuju (dual genitive masculine)
vъnǫtrьnuju (dual feminine genitive)
vъnǫtrьnuju (dual genitive neuter)
vъnǫtrьnyjima (dative dual masculine)
vъnǫtrьnyjima (dative dual feminine)
vъnǫtrьnyjima (dative dual neuter)
vъnǫtrьnaja (accusative dual masculine)
vъnǫtrьněji (accusative dual feminine)
vъnǫtrьněji (accusative dual neuter)
vъnǫtrьnyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
vъnǫtrьnyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
vъnǫtrьnyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
vъnǫtrьnuju (dual locative masculine)
vъnǫtrьnuju (dual feminine locative)
vъnǫtrьnuju (dual locative neuter)
vъnǫtrьnaja (dual masculine vocative)
vъnǫtrьněji (dual feminine vocative)
vъnǫtrьněji (dual neuter vocative)
vъnǫtrьniji (masculine nominative plural)
vъnǫtrьnyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
vъnǫtrьnaja (neuter nominative plural)
vъnǫtrьnъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
vъnǫtrьnъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
vъnǫtrьnъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
vъnǫtrьnyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
vъnǫtrьnyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
vъnǫtrьnyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
vъnǫtrьnyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
vъnǫtrьnyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
vъnǫtrьnaja (accusative neuter plural)
vъnǫtrьnyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
vъnǫtrьnyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
vъnǫtrьnyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
vъnǫtrьnyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
vъnǫtrьnyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
vъnǫtrьnyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
vъnǫtrьniji (masculine plural vocative)
vъnǫtrьnyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
vъnǫtrьnaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: вънутрьнии (vŭnutrĭnii)

Belarusian: уну́траны (unútrany)

Russian: вну́тренний (vnútrennij)

Ukrainian: вну́трішній (vnútrišnij)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: въ́трешен (vǎ́trešen)

Macedonian: внатрешен (vnatrešen)

Serbo-Croatian: унутрашњи, унутарњи

Serbo-Croatian: унутрашњи, унутарњи

Slovene: notranji

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vňutřní

Czech: vnitřní

desctree

Old Polish: wnętrzny, wnętrny
Polish: wnętrzny
Silesian: wnōntrzny, wnyntrzny

Slovak: vnútorný


ǫtroba

ǭtròba (canonical feminine)
ǭtròba (nominative singular)
ǭtròbě (dual nominative)
ǭtròby (nominative plural)
ǭtròby (genitive singular)
ǭtròbu (dual genitive)
ǭtròbъ (genitive plural)
ǭtròbě (dative singular)
ǭtròbama (dative dual)
ǭtròbamъ (dative plural)
ǭtròbǫ (accusative singular)
ǭtròbě (accusative dual)
ǭtròby (accusative plural)
ǭtròbojǫ (instrumental singular)
ǭtròbǭ (instrumental singular)
ǭtròbama (dual instrumental)
ǭtròbamī (instrumental plural)
ǭtròbě (locative singular)
ǭtròbu (dual locative)
ǭtròbasъ (locative plural)
ǭtròbaxъ (locative plural)
ǭtròbo (singular vocative)
ǭtròbě (dual vocative)
ǭtròby (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: утроба (utroba)

Russian: утро́ба (utróba)

Ukrainian: утро́ба (utróba)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: ѫтроба (ǫtroba)

Bulgarian: утро́ба (utróba)

Macedonian: утроба (utroba)

Serbo-Croatian: у̏троба, ȕtroba

Slovene: vótroba, vǫ́troba

West Slavic:

Old Czech: útroba

Czech: útroba

Kashubian: wątroba

Old Polish: wątroba

Polish: wątroba

→ Belarusian: вантро́ба (vantróba)

Silesian: wōntroba

Slovak: útroba

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: wutroba (“heart”)

Lower Sorbian: wutšoba, hutšoba


poltьno

poltьnò (canonical neuter)
poltьno (nominative singular)
poltьně (dual nominative)
poltьna (nominative plural)
poltьna (genitive singular)
poltьnu (dual genitive)
poltьnъ (genitive plural)
poltьnu (dative singular)
poltьnoma (dative dual)
poltьnomъ (dative plural)
poltьno (accusative singular)
poltьně (accusative dual)
poltьna (accusative plural)
poltьnъmь (instrumental singular)
poltьnomь (instrumental singular)
poltьnoma (dual instrumental)
poltьny (instrumental plural)
poltьně (locative singular)
poltьnu (dual locative)
poltьněxъ (locative plural)
poltьno (singular vocative)
poltьně (dual vocative)
poltьna (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: полотьно (polotĭno)

Belarusian: палатно́ (palatnó)

Russian: полотно́ (polotnó)

Ukrainian: полотно́ (polotnó)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: платьно (platĭno)

Glagolitic: ⱂⰾⰰⱅⱐⱀⱁ (platĭno)

Bulgarian: платно́ (platnó)

Macedonian: платно (platno)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пла́тно

Latin script: plátno

Slovene: plátnọ (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: plátno

Czech: plátno

Bohemian (Chod dialect): plátno

Polish: płótno

Slovak: plátno

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: płótno

Lower Sorbian: płotno

Non-Slavic:

→ Gothic: 𐍀𐌻𐌰𐍄 (plat) (possibly)

From Proto-Indo-European *polto- (“cloth”), a descendant of Proto-Indo-European *pel-.


mastь

mȃstь (canonical feminine)
mȃstь (nominative singular)
mȃsti (dual nominative)
mȃsti (nominative plural)
mastí (genitive singular)
mastьjù (dual genitive)
mastь̀jь (genitive plural)
mȃsti (dative singular)
mastьmà (dative dual)
mȃstьmъ (dative plural)
mȃstь (accusative singular)
mȃsti (accusative dual)
mȃsti (accusative plural)
mastьjǫ́ (instrumental singular)
mastьmà (dual instrumental)
mastьmì (instrumental plural)
mastí (locative singular)
mastьjù (dual locative)
mȃstьxъ (locative plural)
masti (singular vocative)
mȃsti (dual vocative)
mȃsti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: масть (mastĭ)

Belarusian: масць (mascʹ)

Russian: масть (mastʹ)

Ukrainian: масть (mastʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: масть (mastĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰿⰰⱄⱅⱐ (mastĭ)

Bulgarian: маст (mast)

Macedonian: маст (mast)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ма̑ст

Latin script: mȃst

Slovene: mȃst (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: masc

Old Czech: mast

Czech: mast

Old Polish: maść

Polish: maść; maźć (obsolete); maś (dialectal)

Old Slovak: masť

Pannonian Rusyn: масц (masc)

Slovak: masť

Slovincian: masc

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: masć (dated)

From earlier *maztь, from *mazati (“to smear”) + *-tь.


ǫže

ǫ̀že (canonical neuter)
ǫže (nominative singular)
ǫži (dual nominative)
ǫža (nominative plural)
ǫža (genitive singular)
ǫžu (dual genitive)
ǫžь (genitive plural)
ǫžu (dative singular)
ǫžema (dative dual)
ǫžemъ (dative plural)
ǫže (accusative singular)
ǫži (accusative dual)
ǫža (accusative plural)
ǫžьmь (instrumental singular)
ǫžemь (instrumental singular)
ǫžema (dual instrumental)
ǫži (instrumental plural)
ǫži (locative singular)
ǫžu (dual locative)
ǫžixъ (locative plural)
ǫže (singular vocative)
ǫži (dual vocative)
ǫža (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic:

Belarusian: ўжо (ŭžo)

Russian: у́же (úže)

Carpathian Rusyn: у́же (úže)

Ukrainian: у́же (úže)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: ѫже (ǫže)

Glagolitic script: ⰨⰆⰅ (ǪŽE)

Bulgarian: въже (vǎže), dial. юже (juže), въ́нджи (vǎ́ndži) (dialectal)

Macedonian: јаже (jaže)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: у̏же

Latin script: ȕže

Slovene: vо̣̑žе (archaic)

⇒ Slovene: súženj (“slave”)

West Slavic:

Czech:

Polabian: vǫzе

Slovak:

Formed as *ǫzъ (“bond, junction”) + *-je. In several daughter languages, the descendants demonstrate prosthetic *v- or *j-.
Modern South Slavic descendants descendants decline as *-ę, but this is likely due to later reanalysis (compare the South Slavic descendants of Proto-Slavic *moře).


xorǫgy

xorǫgy (nominative singular)
xorǫgъvi (dual nominative)
xorǫgъvi (nominative plural)
xorǫgъve (genitive singular)
xorǫgъvu (dual genitive)
xorǫgъvъ (genitive plural)
xorǫgъvi (dative singular)
xorǫgъvьma (dative dual)
xorǫgъvama (dative dual)
xorǫgъvьmъ (dative plural)
xorǫgъvamъ (dative plural)
xorǫgъvь (accusative singular)
xorǫgъvi (accusative dual)
xorǫgъvi (accusative plural)
xorǫgъvьjǫ (instrumental singular)
xorǫgъvľǭ (instrumental singular)
xorǫgъvьma (dual instrumental)
xorǫgъvama (dual instrumental)
xorǫgъvьmī (instrumental plural)
xorǫgъvamī (instrumental plural)
xorǫgъve (locative singular)
xorǫgъvu (dual locative)
xorǫgъvьxъ (locative plural)
xorǫgъvaxъ (locative plural)
xorǫgy (singular vocative)
xorǫgъvi (dual vocative)
xorǫgъvi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: хорѫгꙑ (xorǫgy), хоругꙑ (xorugy)

Old Ruthenian: хоругва (xoruhva), хоруговъ (xoruhov)

Belarusian: хару́гва (xarúhva)

Ukrainian: хоругва́ (xoruhvá), хоруго́в (xoruhóv), корогва́ (korohvá), корого́в (korohóv), кору́гва (korúhva)

Russian: хору́гвь (xorúgvʹ)

→ Latvian: karogs

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⱈⱁⱃⱘⰳⱏⰺ (xorǫgy)

Old Cyrillic script: хорѫгꙑ (xorǫgy)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: хо̀ругва, ко̀ругва

Cyrillic script: хо̀ругва, ко̀ругва

Latin script: hòrugva, kòrugva

Slovene: karȯ́gla

West Slavic:

Old Czech: korúhev, korúhva

Czech: korouhev

desctree

Old Polish: chorągiew
Polish: chorągiew, chôrągwiá (Western Kraków, Lasovia), foręgiel (Western Kraków), chôrągiew, forągiew (Lasovia), korągiew (Zagórze)
Silesian: korōngew

Slovak: koruhva

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: chòrądżew, chòrągwiô

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: chórgoj

Upper Sorbian: chorhoj

Сompare with Mongolian өрүнгө (örüngö), өрүнга (örünga, “sign, banner, flag”) and Kalmyk өрңга (örñga).


bokъ

bokъ (nominative singular)
boka (dual nominative)
boci (nominative plural)
boka (genitive singular)
boku (dual genitive)
bokъ (genitive plural)
boku (dative singular)
bokoma (dative dual)
bokomъ (dative plural)
bokъ (accusative singular)
boka (accusative dual)
boky (accusative plural)
bokъmь (instrumental singular)
bokomь (instrumental singular)
bokoma (dual instrumental)
boky (instrumental plural)
bocě (locative singular)
boku (dual locative)
bocěxъ (locative plural)
boče (singular vocative)
boka (dual vocative)
boci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: бокъ (bok)

Belarusian: бок (bok)

Ukrainian: бік (bik)

Russian: бок (bok)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: бок (bok) (dialectal)

Macedonian: бок (bok)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бо̑к

Latin script: bȏk

Slovene: bòk

West Slavic:

Old Czech: bok

Czech: bok

Old Polish: bok
Polish: bok
Silesian: bok

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: bòk

Slovincian: bôk

Slovak: bok

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: bok

Upper Sorbian: bok

Originally meaning “protrusion” or “wedge”. Probably cognate with Latvian bakstît (“to poke”), with further origin unclear. Outside of Balto-Slavic, has been compared with Latin baculum, Ancient Greek βάκτρον (báktron), Proto-Celtic *bakkos (“hook”), Proto-Germanic *pagjō (“peg”), presumably from Proto-Indo-European *bak- (“peg, club”).
Kroonen considers a Germanic borrowing from Proto-West Germanic *bakō (“back”). Vasmer dismisses this possibility for phonetic and semantic reasons.

Brill Publishers
Marko Snoj
Oleg Trubachyov


čeľustь

čeľustь (nominative singular)
čeľusti (dual nominative)
čeľusti (nominative plural)
čeľusti (genitive singular)
čeľustьju (dual genitive)
čeľustьjь (genitive plural)
čeľusti (dative singular)
čeľustьma (dative dual)
čeľustьmъ (dative plural)
čeľustь (accusative singular)
čeľusti (accusative dual)
čeľusti (accusative plural)
čeľustьjǫ (instrumental singular)
čeľustьma (dual instrumental)
čeľustьmi (instrumental plural)
čeľusti (locative singular)
čeľustьju (dual locative)
čeľustьxъ (locative plural)
čeľusti (singular vocative)
čeľusti (dual vocative)
čeľusti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: челюсть (čeljustĭ)

desc

Old Ruthenian: че́люсть (čéljustʹ), че́люсьть (čéljusʹtʹ), че́люсти (čéljusti)

Belarusian: чэ́люсць (čéljuscʹ)

Ukrainian: че́люсть (čéljustʹ), че́люсті (čéljusti), че́люсти (čéljusty), це́люсті (céljusti)

Russian: че́люсть (čéljustʹ)

Old Novgorodian: *целюсть (*ćeljustĭ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: челюсть (čeljustĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱍⰵⰾⱓⱄⱅⱐ (čeljustĭ)

Bulgarian: че́люст (čéljust)

Macedonian: челуст (čelust)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: че̏љӯст

Latin script: čȅljūst

Slovene: čeljust

West Slavic:

Old Czech: čeľust

Czech: čelist

Polabian: ciľaust

desctree

Old Polish: czeluść
Polish: czeluść
Silesian: czeluść

Slovak: čeľusť

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: czelësc

Slovincian: czêlësc

Uncertain. Perhaps from *čelo (“forehead”) + *usta (“mouth”), however the palatalization of the l is unexpected, and Boryś, Sławski, and Bańkowski all point to a Pre-Slavic root.

Oleg Trubachyov
uk:Мельничук Олександр Савич


kridlo

krīdlò (canonical neuter)
krīdlò (nominative singular)
krĩdlě (dual nominative)
krīdlà (nominative plural)
krīdlà (genitive singular)
krīdlù (dual genitive)
krĩdlъ (genitive plural)
krīdlù (dative singular)
krīdlòma (dative dual)
krīdlòmъ (dative plural)
krīdlò (accusative singular)
krĩdlě (accusative dual)
krīdlà (accusative plural)
krīdlъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
krīdlòmь (instrumental singular)
krīdlòma (dual instrumental)
krĩdly (instrumental plural)
krīdlě̀ (locative singular)
krīdlù (dual locative)
krĩdlěxъ (locative plural)
krīdlò (singular vocative)
krĩdlě (dual vocative)
krīdlà (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: крило (krilo)

Belarusian: крыло́ (kryló)

Russian: крыло́ (kryló)

Carpathian Rusyn: кры́ло (krŷ́lo)

Ukrainian: крило́ (kryló)

Old Novgorodian: кригло́ (krigló)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: крило (krilo)

Glagolitic script: ⰽⱃⰻⰾⱁ (krilo)

Bulgarian: крило́ (kriló)

Macedonian: крило (krilo)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кри́ло

Latin script: krílo

Slovene: krílo (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: křídlo

Czech: křídlo

Bohemian (Chod dialect): křidlo

Moravian (Mistřice): křídu̯o

Kashubian: skrzidło, (archaic) krzidło

Polabian: kraidlĕ

Old Polish: krzydło, skrzydło
Polish: skrzydło, krzydło (Przemyśl)
Silesian: krzidło

Slovak: krídlo

Pannonian Rusyn: кридло (kridlo)

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: křidło

Lower Sorbian: kśidło

*kriti (“to curve, to bend”) + *-dlo (suffix for tools and implements).


lъbъ

lъ̀bъ (nominative singular)
lъbà (dual nominative)
lъbì (nominative plural)
lъbà (genitive singular)
lъbù (dual genitive)
lъ̀bъ (genitive plural)
lъbù (dative singular)
lъbòma (dative dual)
lъbòmъ (dative plural)
lъ̀bъ (accusative singular)
lъbà (accusative dual)
lъbỳ (accusative plural)
lъbъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
lъbòmь (instrumental singular)
lъbòma (dual instrumental)
lъ̀by (instrumental plural)
lъbě̀ (locative singular)
lъbù (dual locative)
lъ̀běxъ (locative plural)
lъbe (singular vocative)
lъbà (dual vocative)
lъbì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: лъбъ (lŭbŭ), лобъ (lobŭ)

Old Ruthenian: лобъ (lob)

Belarusian: лоб (lob); лоп (lop), луо́б (luób), ло̂б (lôb) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: лоб (lob), ліб (lib)

Russian: лоб (lob)

→ Bulgarian: лоб (lob) (dated)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: лъбъ (lŭbŭ), лобъ (lobŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰾⱏⰱⱏ (lŭbŭ), ⰾⱁⰱⱏ (lobŭ)

Bulgarian: лъбъ (lǎb), лъб (lǎb) (dated)

Slovene: lèb, lə̏b (obsolete)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: leb

Czech: leb (archaic)

Old Polish: łeb

Polish: łeb

→ Old Ruthenian: лебъ (leb)

Belarusian: лэб (leb), лэп (lep) (dialectal)

Slovak: leb (archaic)

Seemingly from a Proto-Balto-Slavic *lubas, and cognate with Lithuanian lubà (“plank, board”), Latvian luba (“bast, plank, shelf”). Compare *lubъ (“bast”), probably from the same source.


česnъkъ

česnъkъ (nominative singular)
česnъka (dual nominative)
česnъci (nominative plural)
česnъka (genitive singular)
česnъku (dual genitive)
česnъkъ (genitive plural)
česnъku (dative singular)
česnъkoma (dative dual)
česnъkomъ (dative plural)
česnъkъ (accusative singular)
česnъka (accusative dual)
česnъky (accusative plural)
česnъkъmь (instrumental singular)
česnъkomь (instrumental singular)
česnъkoma (dual instrumental)
česnъky (instrumental plural)
česnъcě (locative singular)
česnъku (dual locative)
česnъcěxъ (locative plural)
česnъče (singular vocative)
česnъka (dual vocative)
česnъci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: чеснъкъ (česnŭkŭ)

desctree

Belarusian: часно́к (časnók), часны́к (časnýk)
→ Lithuanian: česnakas

Russian: чесно́к (česnók)

Ukrainian: часни́к (časnýk)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: чесън (česǎn)

Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: česának, čèšnjāk

Cyrillic script: чесњак, чѐшња̄к

Slovene: češnják

West Slavic:

Old Czech: česnek

Czech: česnek

Kashubian: czosnik, czosniôk

Old Polish: czosnek
Polish: czosnek, czostek (regional), czosnyk (Przemyśl)
Silesian: czosnek

desc

Old Slovak: cesnak, cesnek, cesnok, česnak, česnek

Pannonian Rusyn: цеснок (cesnok)

Slovak: cesnak


makъ

màkъ (canonical masculine)
màkъ (nominative singular)
màka (dual nominative)
màci (nominative plural)
màka (genitive singular)
màku (dual genitive)
màkъ (genitive plural)
màku (dative singular)
màkoma (dative dual)
màkomъ (dative plural)
màkъ (accusative singular)
màka (accusative dual)
màky (accusative plural)
màkъmь (instrumental singular)
màkomь (instrumental singular)
màkoma (dual instrumental)
màkȳ (instrumental plural)
màcě (locative singular)
màku (dual locative)
màcě̄xъ (locative plural)
màče (singular vocative)
màka (dual vocative)
màci (plural vocative)

Church Slavonic: макъ (makŭ)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: макъ (makŭ)

Belarusian: мак (mak)

Russian: мак (mak)

Ukrainian: мак (mak)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: макъ (makŭ)?

Bulgarian: мак (mak)

Macedonian: мак (mak)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ма̏к

Latin script: mȁk

Slovene: mȁk, mȃk (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: mák

Czech: mák

Knaanic: מק (mak)

Kashubian: mak

Old Polish: mak

Polish: mak

Slovak: mak

Slovincian: mak

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: mak

Lower Sorbian: mak

→ Old Prussian: moke (“poppy”) (probably from Polish)

→ Greek: μάκος (mákos)

→ Romanian: mac

→ Hungarian: mák

From *māken (ЭССЯ) or *meh₂kos ; further etymology is uncertain. Possibly ultimately a (substrate) Mediterranean word. Morphologically equivalent to *majati (“fig. to enchant, to charm”) + *-kъ (cf Bulgarian омайниче (“avens”)), however, it is uncertain if the two lemmas are semantically related.
Cognate with
Ancient Greek μήκων (mḗkōn, “poppy”) (Doric μάκων (mákōn)),
Old Irish meccun (“carrot, parsnip”), Irish meacan,
Proto-Germanic *mōhô (“poppy”) (> Old High German māho, mago, Middle High German mage, German Mohn, Old Saxon maho).
* Borrowed from Germanic: Lithuanian aguonà, maguonà, Latvian magone
* Borrowed from Baltic: Estonian magun, Livonian maggon


aduxa

aduxa (nominative singular)
aduśě (dual nominative)
aduxy (nominative plural)
aduxy (genitive singular)
aduxu (dual genitive)
aduxъ (genitive plural)
aduśě (dative singular)
aduxama (dative dual)
aduxamъ (dative plural)
aduxǫ (accusative singular)
aduśě (accusative dual)
aduxy (accusative plural)
aduxojǫ (instrumental singular)
aduxǫ (instrumental singular)
aduxama (dual instrumental)
aduxami (instrumental plural)
aduśě (locative singular)
aduxu (dual locative)
aduxasъ (locative plural)
aduxaxъ (locative plural)
aduxo (singular vocative)
aduśě (dual vocative)
aduxy (plural vocative)
*adušь (alternative)

East Slavic:

desc

Ukrainian: я́духа (jáduxa), йаду́ха (jadúxa)

West Slavic:

Polish: jaducha

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: jaduš

From *a- + *duxati (“to breathe”) or *duxъ (“breath”).


adušivъ

adušivъ (masculine nominative singular)
adušiva (feminine nominative singular)
adušivo (neuter nominative singular)
adušiva (genitive masculine singular)
adušivy (feminine genitive singular)
adušiva (genitive neuter singular)
adušivu (dative masculine singular)
adušivě (dative feminine singular)
adušivu (dative neuter singular)
adušivъ (accusative masculine singular)
adušivǫ (accusative feminine singular)
adušivo (accusative neuter singular)
adušivomь (instrumental masculine singular)
adušivojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
adušivomь (instrumental neuter singular)
adušivě (locative masculine singular)
adušivě (feminine locative singular)
adušivě (locative neuter singular)
adušive (masculine singular vocative)
adušivo (feminine singular vocative)
adušivo (neuter singular vocative)
adušiva (dual masculine nominative)
adušivě (dual feminine nominative)
adušivě (dual neuter nominative)
adušivu (dual genitive masculine)
adušivu (dual feminine genitive)
adušivu (dual genitive neuter)
adušivoma (dative dual masculine)
adušivama (dative dual feminine)
adušivoma (dative dual neuter)
adušiva (accusative dual masculine)
adušivě (accusative dual feminine)
adušivě (accusative dual neuter)
adušivoma (dual instrumental masculine)
adušivama (dual feminine instrumental)
adušivoma (dual instrumental neuter)
adušivu (dual locative masculine)
adušivu (dual feminine locative)
adušivu (dual locative neuter)
adušiva (dual masculine vocative)
adušivě (dual feminine vocative)
adušivě (dual neuter vocative)
adušivi (masculine nominative plural)
adušivy (feminine nominative plural)
adušiva (neuter nominative plural)
adušivъ (genitive masculine plural)
adušivъ (feminine genitive plural)
adušivъ (genitive neuter plural)
adušivomъ (dative masculine plural)
adušivamъ (dative feminine plural)
adušivomъ (dative neuter plural)
adušivy (accusative masculine plural)
adušivy (accusative feminine plural)
adušiva (accusative neuter plural)
adušivy (instrumental masculine plural)
adušivami (feminine instrumental plural)
adušivy (instrumental neuter plural)
adušivěxъ (locative masculine plural)
adušivaxъ (feminine locative plural)
adušivěxъ (locative neuter plural)
adušivi (masculine plural vocative)
adušivy (feminine plural vocative)
adušiva (neuter plural vocative)
adušivъjь (masculine nominative singular)
adušivaja (feminine nominative singular)
adušivoje (neuter nominative singular)
adušivajego (genitive masculine singular)
adušivyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
adušivajego (genitive neuter singular)
adušivujemu (dative masculine singular)
adušivěji (dative feminine singular)
adušivujemu (dative neuter singular)
adušivъjь (accusative masculine singular)
adušivǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
adušivoje (accusative neuter singular)
adušivyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
adušivǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
adušivyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
adušivějemь (locative masculine singular)
adušivěji (feminine locative singular)
adušivějemь (locative neuter singular)
adušivъjь (masculine singular vocative)
adušivaja (feminine singular vocative)
adušivoje (neuter singular vocative)
adušivaja (dual masculine nominative)
adušivěji (dual feminine nominative)
adušivěji (dual neuter nominative)
adušivuju (dual genitive masculine)
adušivuju (dual feminine genitive)
adušivuju (dual genitive neuter)
adušivyjima (dative dual masculine)
adušivyjima (dative dual feminine)
adušivyjima (dative dual neuter)
adušivaja (accusative dual masculine)
adušivěji (accusative dual feminine)
adušivěji (accusative dual neuter)
adušivyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
adušivyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
adušivyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
adušivuju (dual locative masculine)
adušivuju (dual feminine locative)
adušivuju (dual locative neuter)
adušivaja (dual masculine vocative)
adušivěji (dual feminine vocative)
adušivěji (dual neuter vocative)
adušiviji (masculine nominative plural)
adušivyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
adušivaja (neuter nominative plural)
adušivъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
adušivъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
adušivъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
adušivyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
adušivyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
adušivyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
adušivyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
adušivyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
adušivaja (accusative neuter plural)
adušivyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
adušivyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
adušivyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
adušivyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
adušivyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
adušivyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
adušiviji (masculine plural vocative)
adušivyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
adušivaja (neuter plural vocative)
*adušьlivъ (alternative)

East Slavic:

Ukrainian: я́душливий (jádušlyvyj)

West Slavic:

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: jadušywy

Upper Sorbian: jadušiwy


arьmo

arьmò (canonical neuter)
ārьmò (nominative singular)
arь̀mě (dual nominative)
ārьmà (nominative plural)
ārьmà (genitive singular)
ārьmù (dual genitive)
arь̀mъ (genitive plural)
ārьmù (dative singular)
ārьmòma (dative dual)
ārьmòmъ (dative plural)
ārьmò (accusative singular)
arь̀mě (accusative dual)
ārьmà (accusative plural)
ārьmъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
ārьmòmь (instrumental singular)
ārьmòma (dual instrumental)
arь̀my (instrumental plural)
ārьmě̀ (locative singular)
ārьmù (dual locative)
arь̀měxъ (locative plural)
ārьmò (singular vocative)
arь̀mě (dual vocative)
ārьmà (plural vocative)
*arь̀mъ (alternative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ꙗрьмъ (jarĭmŭ), ꙗръмъ (jarŭmŭ)

Belarusian: ярмо́ (jarmó), яруом (jaruóm)

Russian: ярмо́ (jarmó), армо́ (armó), ярём (jarjóm), яре́мь (jarémʹ)

Ukrainian: ярмо́ (jarmó), йа́рмо́ (jármó), ярем (jarem)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: ꙗрьмъ (jarĭmŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ја́рам, јерам

Latin script: járam

Slovene: járəm (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: jařmo, jarmo

Kashubian: jirzmo, jerzmo

Old Polish: jarzmo, jerzmo, jirzmo

Polish: jarzmo, jarmo (dialectal)

Slovak: jarmo, járom

→ Hungarian: járom

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂er- (“to join”).
Morphologically *ar- + *-ьmo.


kolovortъ

kolovortъ (nominative singular)
kolovorta (dual nominative)
kolovorti (nominative plural)
kolovorta (genitive singular)
kolovortu (dual genitive)
kolovortъ (genitive plural)
kolovortu (dative singular)
kolovortoma (dative dual)
kolovortomъ (dative plural)
kolovortъ (accusative singular)
kolovorta (accusative dual)
kolovorty (accusative plural)
kolovortъmь (instrumental singular)
kolovortomь (instrumental singular)
kolovortoma (dual instrumental)
kolovorty (instrumental plural)
kolovortě (locative singular)
kolovortu (dual locative)
kolovortěxъ (locative plural)
kolovorte (singular vocative)
kolovorta (dual vocative)
kolovorti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: коловоротъ (kolovorotŭ)

Belarusian: калаваро́т (kalavarót), калаво́рат (kalavórat), кало́варат (kalóvarat), ко́лаварат (kólavarat)

Russian: коловоро́т (kolovorót), ко́ловорот (kólovorot), коловра́т (kolovrát)

Middle Ukrainian: коловоротъ (kolovorot)

Ukrainian: ко́ловоріт (kólovorit), ко́ловорот (kólovorot), коловоро́т (kolovorót)

South Slavic:

коловратъ (kolovratŭ)

Church Slavonic: коловратъ (kolovratŭ)

Serbo-Croatian: kȍlovrȃt

Slovene: kolovrat

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kolovrat

Czech: kolovrat

Moravian (Mistřice): kou̯ovrat

Old Polish: kołowrót

Polish: kołowrót, kołowrot

→ Belarusian: калаўро́т (kalaŭrót)

Slovak: kolovrat, kolovrad

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: kółowrot

Upper Sorbian: kołwrót

→ English: kolovrat


tukъ

tȗkъ (canonical masculine)
tȗkъ (nominative singular)
tȗka (dual nominative)
tȗci (nominative plural)
tȗka (genitive singular)
tukù (dual genitive)
tũkъ (genitive plural)
tȗku (dative singular)
tukomà (dative dual)
tukòmъ (dative plural)
tȗkъ (accusative singular)
tȗka (accusative dual)
tȗky (accusative plural)
tȗkъmь (instrumental singular)
tȗkomь (instrumental singular)
tukomà (dual instrumental)
tuký (instrumental plural)
tȗcě (locative singular)
tukù (dual locative)
tucě̃xъ (locative plural)
tuče (singular vocative)
tȗka (dual vocative)
tȗci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: тукъ (tukŭ)

Old Ruthenian: тукъ (tuk)

Belarusian: тук (tuk)

Ukrainian: тук (tuk)

Russian: тук (tuk)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: тоукъ (tukŭ)

Bulgarian: тук (tuk) (dialectal)

Macedonian: тук (tuk)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ту̏к, ту̑к

Latin script: tȕk, tȗk

West Slavic:

Old Czech: tuk

Czech: tuk

Old Polish: tuk

Polish: tuk

Slovak: tuk

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: tuk

Lower Sorbian: tuk

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tauˀkás, from Proto-Indo-European *towh₂-k-os or *towkos. Cognate with Lithuanian táukas (“tummy, abdomen”) (3rd stress pattern), Latvian tàuks (“fatty”), Old Prussian taukis (“lard”) and possibly related to Proto-Germanic *þeuhą (“thigh”).

túča

*tuča? (if not a dialectal reflex of *tǫča)


korľica

korľica (nominative singular)
korľici (dual nominative)
korľicę̇ (nominative plural)
korľicę̇ (genitive singular)
korľicu (dual genitive)
korľicь (genitive plural)
korľici (dative singular)
korľicama (dative dual)
korľicamъ (dative plural)
korľicǫ (accusative singular)
korľici (accusative dual)
korľicę̇ (accusative plural)
korľicejǫ (instrumental singular)
korľicǫ (instrumental singular)
korľicama (dual instrumental)
korľicami (instrumental plural)
korľici (locative singular)
korľicu (dual locative)
korľicasъ (locative plural)
korľicaxъ (locative plural)
korľice (singular vocative)
korľici (dual vocative)
korľicę̇ (plural vocative)

Church Slavonic: кралица (kralica)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: королица (korolica)

Russian: короли́ца (korolíca)

Middle Ukrainian: королиця (korolycja)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: крали́ца (kralíca)

Macedonian: кралица (kralica)

Serbo-Croatian: kraljica, krajica

Slovene: kraljíca

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: قرالیچه (kraliçe)
Ladino: kralicha
Turkish: kraliçe

West Slavic:

Czech: Kralice

Slovak: králica (archaic, poetic)


stavъ

stavъ (nominative singular)
stava (dual nominative)
stavi (nominative plural)
stava (genitive singular)
stavu (dual genitive)
stavъ (genitive plural)
stavu (dative singular)
stavoma (dative dual)
stavomъ (dative plural)
stavъ (accusative singular)
stava (accusative dual)
stavy (accusative plural)
stavъmь (instrumental singular)
stavomь (instrumental singular)
stavoma (dual instrumental)
stavy (instrumental plural)
stavě (locative singular)
stavu (dual locative)
stavěxъ (locative plural)
stave (singular vocative)
stava (dual vocative)
stavi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ставъ (stavŭ)

Belarusian: став (stav)

Russian: став (stav)

Ukrainian: став (stav)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: ставъ (stavŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱅⰰⰲⱏ (stavŭ)

Bulgarian: ста́ва (stáva)

Macedonian: став (stav)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ста̏в

Latin script: stȁv

Slovene: stȃva

West Slavic:

Old Czech: stav

Czech: stav

Old Polish: staw

Polish: staw

Old Slovak: stav

Slovak: stav

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: staw

Lower Sorbian: staw

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *stāw-, from Proto-Indo-European *sth₂-ēw- (Author?), a form of *steh₂-.
Compare
Lithuanian stovà (“place”), stõvis (“state, condition”),
Latvian stàvs m,
Ancient Greek στοά (stoá), Aeolic στωΐα (stōḯa, “column”),
Proto-Germanic *stōō (> Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌰 (staua, “trial”), Old English stów f (“place”)).


Voldiměrъ

Voldiměrъ (nominative singular)
Voldiměra (dual nominative)
Voldiměri (nominative plural)
Voldiměra (genitive singular)
Voldiměru (dual genitive)
Voldiměrъ (genitive plural)
Voldiměru (dative singular)
Voldiměromъ (dative plural)
Voldiměrъ (accusative singular)
Voldiměra (accusative dual)
Voldiměry (accusative plural)
Voldiměry (instrumental plural)
Voldiměrě (locative singular)
Voldiměru (dual locative)
Voldiměrěxъ (locative plural)
Voldiměre (singular vocative)
Voldiměra (dual vocative)
Voldiměri (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: Володимѣръ (Volodiměrŭ)

Ukrainian: Володи́мир (Volodýmyr)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: Владимѣръ (Vladiměrŭ), Владимиръ (Vladimirŭ)

→ Belarusian: Уладзі́мер (Uladzímjer)

→ Carpathian Rusyn: Влади́мир (Vladýmyr)

→ Pannonian Rusyn: Владимир (Vladimir)

→ Russian: Влади́мир (Vladímir)

→ Romanian: Vladimir

Bulgarian: Владимир (Vladimir)

Macedonian: Владимир (Vladimir)

Serbo-Croatian: Владимир

Slovene: Vladimir

→ Byzantine Greek: Βαλδίμερ (Baldímer)

West Slavic:

Czech: Vladimír

Kashubian: Włodzmiérz

Polish: Włodzimierz

Slovak: Vladimír

→ Lithuanian: valdýmiers

Superficially a compound of *vold- + *-měrъ. In both structure and semantics, the name is strikingly similar to the Germanic Waldemar, Woldemar (pre-Old High German *waldimӕ̄r-), for which reason some sources speculate it may be a borrowing or adaptation of that name.

a male given name, equivalent to English Vladimir


obolsti

oboldenьje (noun-from-verb)
obolsti (infinitive)
obolstъ (supine)
oboldlъ (l-participle)
oboldenъ (participle passive past)
oboldъ (active participle past)
oboldъ (aorist first-person singular)
oboldoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
obolde (aorist second-person singular)
obolde (aorist singular third-person)
oboldǫ (first-person present singular)
oboldeši (present second-person singular)
oboldetь (present singular third-person)
oboldově (aorist dual first-person)
oboldoxově (aorist dual first-person)
oboldeta (aorist dual second-person)
oboldosta (aorist dual second-person)
oboldete (aorist dual third-person)
oboldoste (aorist dual third-person)
oboldevě (dual first-person present)
oboldeta (dual present second-person)
oboldete (dual present third-person)
oboldomъ (aorist first-person plural)
oboldoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
oboldete (aorist plural second-person)
oboldoste (aorist plural second-person)
oboldǫ (aorist plural third-person)
oboldošę (aorist plural third-person)
oboldemъ (first-person plural present)
oboldete (plural present second-person)
oboldǫtь (plural present third-person)
oboldi (imperative second-person singular)
oboldi (imperative singular third-person)
obolděvě (dual first-person imperative)
obolděta (dual imperative second-person)
obolděmъ (first-person imperative plural)
obolděte (imperative plural second-person)

Church Slavonic: области (oblasti)

→ Old East Slavic: области (oblasti)

South Slavic:

Macedonian: овласти (ovlasti)

West Slavic:

Czech: ovlasti


naręsti

South Slavic:

Slovene: narèsti (naredím)


orǫga

orǫga (nominative singular)
orǫdzě (dual nominative)
orǫgy (nominative plural)
orǫgy (genitive singular)
orǫgu (dual genitive)
orǫgъ (genitive plural)
orǫdzě (dative singular)
orǫgama (dative dual)
orǫgamъ (dative plural)
orǫgǫ (accusative singular)
orǫdzě (accusative dual)
orǫgy (accusative plural)
orǫgojǫ (instrumental singular)
orǫgǫ (instrumental singular)
orǫgama (dual instrumental)
orǫgami (instrumental plural)
orǫdzě (locative singular)
orǫgu (dual locative)
orǫgasъ (locative plural)
orǫgaxъ (locative plural)
orǫgo (singular vocative)
orǫdzě (dual vocative)
orǫgy (plural vocative)
*orǫžь (alternative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: оружь (oružĭ) (?)

Russian: обру́га (obrúga), обру́жа (obrúža) (?)

West Slavic:

Czech: oruž f (?)

Polish: oręż m

Slovak: rúcho n

Cognate with Lithuanian aprangà (“outfit, clothes, clothing”), apreñgti, reñgti, išreñgti


vъz

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: въз (vŭz)

South Slavic:

desc

Old Church Slavonic: въз (vŭz), възъ (vŭzŭ)

Bulgarian: въз (vǎz), воз (voz) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: уз

Latin script: uz

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vz

Old Polish: wz

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *uź, cognate with Lithuanian už, Latvian uz, of disputed further origin. Derksen tries to derive from a proto-form *ups, but fails to see how it could account for the Baltic facts. Snoj considers relation to Proto-Indo-European *úd(s) (“out”), which otherwise yields Proto-Slavic *vy-. Compare Proto-Germanic *uz.


danь

dȃnь (canonical feminine)
dȃnь (nominative singular)
dȃni (dual nominative)
dȃni (nominative plural)
daní (genitive singular)
danьjù (dual genitive)
danь̀jь (genitive plural)
dȃni (dative singular)
danьmà (dative dual)
dȃnьmъ (dative plural)
dȃnь (accusative singular)
dȃni (accusative dual)
dȃni (accusative plural)
danьjǫ́ (instrumental singular)
danьmà (dual instrumental)
danьmì (instrumental plural)
daní (locative singular)
danьjù (dual locative)
dȃnьxъ (locative plural)
dani (singular vocative)
dȃni (dual vocative)
dȃni (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: дань (danĭ)

Russian: дань (danʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: дань (danĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰴⰰⱀⱐ (danĭ)

Bulgarian: дан (dan) (poetic, obsolescent)

Slovene: dán

West Slavic:

Old Czech: dan

Czech: daň

Old Polish: dań
Polish: (dialectal) dań

Old Slovak: daň

Pannonian Rusyn: (obsolete) дань (danʹ)

Slovak: daň

From *danьkъ

Bulgarian: да́нък (dánǎk)

Macedonian: данок (danok)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: да̏нак

Latin script: dȁnak

Formed as *dati (“to give”) + *-nь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dṓˀnis, itself from Proto-Indo-European *deh₃-ni-s, the action noun of *deh₃- (“to give”). Cognate with Lithuanian duõnis (“gift”), Latin donum, Sanskrit दान (dā́na).


čьbьrъ

čьbь̀rъ (canonical masculine)
čьbь̀rъ (nominative singular)
čьbьrà (dual nominative)
čьbьrì (nominative plural)
čьbьrà (genitive singular)
čьbьrù (dual genitive)
čьbь̀rъ (genitive plural)
čьbьrù (dative singular)
čьbьròma (dative dual)
čьbьròmъ (dative plural)
čьbь̀rъ (accusative singular)
čьbьrà (accusative dual)
čьbьrỳ (accusative plural)
čьbьrъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
čьbьròmь (instrumental singular)
čьbьròma (dual instrumental)
čьbь̀ry (instrumental plural)
čьbьrě̀ (locative singular)
čьbьrù (dual locative)
čьbь̀rěxъ (locative plural)
čьbьre (singular vocative)
čьbьrà (dual vocative)
čьbьrì (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: чъ́бър (čǎ́bǎr), че́бър (čébǎr), че́бур (čébur)

Macedonian: чабур (čabur)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чабар

Latin script: čabar

Slovene: čəbə́r (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: čber, džber

Polabian: cabår

desctree

Old Polish: ceber, cber, cebr, czber, czeber, czebr, dzber, dżber
Polish: ceber, cebr, cębr, czeber, czebr, dzber (Middle Polish), czeber (Kuyavia), cober (Central Greater Poland)
Silesian: cuber

Slovak: džber

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: čwоr


virъ

virъ (nominative singular)
vira (dual nominative)
viri (nominative plural)
vira (genitive singular)
viru (dual genitive)
virъ (genitive plural)
viru (dative singular)
viroma (dative dual)
viromъ (dative plural)
virъ (accusative singular)
vira (accusative dual)
viry (accusative plural)
virъmь (instrumental singular)
viromь (instrumental singular)
viroma (dual instrumental)
viry (instrumental plural)
virě (locative singular)
viru (dual locative)
virěxъ (locative plural)
vire (singular vocative)
vira (dual vocative)
viri (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: виръ (virŭ)

Old Ruthenian: виръ (vir)

Belarusian: вір (vir)

Ukrainian: вир (vyr)

Russian: вир (vir)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: вир (vir)

Macedonian: вир (vir)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ви̑р

Latin script: vȋr

Slovene: vȋr (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vír

Czech: vír

Old Polish: wir

Polish: wir

Slovak: vír

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wīr-, ultimately from the root of *vьrěti (“to boil”).
Cognate with Lithuanian vỹris, vỹrius (“whirlpool”), Latvian virags.


xvala

xvālà (canonical feminine)
xvālà (nominative singular)
xvãlě (dual nominative)
xvālỳ (nominative plural)
xvālỳ (genitive singular)
xvālù (dual genitive)
xvãlъ (genitive plural)
xvālě̀ (dative singular)
xvālàma (dative dual)
xvālàmъ (dative plural)
xvālǫ̀ (accusative singular)
xvãlě (accusative dual)
xvālỳ (accusative plural)
xvālòjǫ (instrumental singular)
xvãlǫ (instrumental singular)
xvālàma (dual instrumental)
xvālàmī (instrumental plural)
xvālě̀ (locative singular)
xvālù (dual locative)
xvālàsъ (locative plural)
xvālàxъ (locative plural)
xvalo (singular vocative)
xvãlě (dual vocative)
xvālỳ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: хвала (xvala)

desc

Old Ruthenian: хвала́ (xvalá), фала́ (falá)

Belarusian: хвала́ (xvalá)

Ukrainian: хвала́ (xvalá)

Russian: хвала́ (xvalá)

South Slavic

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: хвала (xvala)

Glagolitic script: ⱈⰲⰰⰾⰰ (xvala)

Bulgarian: хвала (hvala)

Macedonian: фала (fala)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: хва́ла

Latin script: hvála

Slovene: hvála (tonal orthography)

→ Hungarian: hála

→ Romanian: fală

West Slavic

Old Czech: chvála

Czech: chvála

desctree

Old Polish: chwała, fała
Polish: chwała
Silesian: chwoła

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: chwała

Slovincian: chwola

Slovak: chvála

Sorbian

Lower Sorbian: chwała

Upper Sorbian: chwała

Unknown. Several explanations are proposed:
* Back-formation from *xvaliti (see there)
* Related with Old Norse skval (“noisy talk”), skvala (“to squeal, bawl out”), suggesting Proto-Indo-European *skwel(H)- (“to speak loudly, to celebrate”)
* Borrowed from Iranian, ultimately from Proto-Iranian *huHarnā́h, compare Younger Avestan 𐬓𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀𐬵 n (xᵛar^ənah, “glory”)
Less likely from *slava (“fame”) with metathesis *slava > *svala > *xvala (according to some scholars, influenced by opposition *xula (“disgrace, shame”)); from Proto-Indo-European *swel- (“to smolder, to burn”); related with Hittite [script needed] (wallu-, “to praise”).


zakonъ

zakonъ (nominative singular)
zakona (dual nominative)
zakoni (nominative plural)
zakona (genitive singular)
zakonu (dual genitive)
zakonъ (genitive plural)
zakonu (dative singular)
zakonoma (dative dual)
zakonomъ (dative plural)
zakonъ (accusative singular)
zakona (accusative dual)
zakony (accusative plural)
zakonъmь (instrumental singular)
zakonomь (instrumental singular)
zakonoma (dual instrumental)
zakony (instrumental plural)
zakoně (locative singular)
zakonu (dual locative)
zakoněxъ (locative plural)
zakone (singular vocative)
zakona (dual vocative)
zakoni (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: законъ (zakonŭ)

Old Ruthenian: зако́нъ (zakón)

Belarusian: зако́н (zakón)

Ukrainian: зако́н (zakón)

desctree

Russian: зако́н (zakón), зако́нъ (zakón) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Armenian: զակոն (zakon)
→ Evenki: закон (zakon)
→ Ingrian: zakona
→ Kalmyk: закан (zakan)
→ Khakas: закон (zakon)
→ Kildin Sami: законн (zakonn)
→ Northern Kurdish: zagon
→ Southern Altai: зако́н (zakón)
→ Uzbek: zakon
→ Yakut: сокуон (sokuon)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: законъ (zakonŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰸⰰⰽⱁⱀⱏ (zakonŭ)

Bulgarian: зако́н (zakón)

Macedonian: закон (zakon)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: за́кон

Latin script: zákon

Slovene: zákon

West Slavic:

Old Czech: zákon

Czech: zákon

Old Polish: zakon

Polish: zakon

Slovak: zákon

From *za- (“for”) + *konъ (“term, end”), literally meaning “for an end” → “final position, term”.


rǫbъ

rǫ̑bъ (nominative singular)
rǫ̑ba (dual nominative)
rǫ̑bi (nominative plural)
rǫ̑ba (genitive singular)
rǫbù (dual genitive)
rǫ̃bъ (genitive plural)
rǫ̑bu (dative singular)
rǫbomà (dative dual)
rǫbòmъ (dative plural)
rǫ̑bъ (accusative singular)
rǫ̑ba (accusative dual)
rǫ̑by (accusative plural)
rǫ̑bъmь (instrumental singular)
rǫ̑bomь (instrumental singular)
rǫbomà (dual instrumental)
rǫbý (instrumental plural)
rǫ̑bě (locative singular)
rǫbù (dual locative)
rǫbě̃xъ (locative plural)
rǫbe (singular vocative)
rǫ̑ba (dual vocative)
rǫ̑bi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: рубъ (rubŭ)

Belarusian: руб (rub)

Russian: руб (rub)

Ukrainian: руб (rub)

South Slavic:

desc

Bulgarian: ръб (rǎb, “hem, edge, border”), ръмп (rǎmp) (dialectal)

Macedonian: раб (rab)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: руб, обруб

Latin: rub, obrub

Slovene: rób (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: rub

Polish: rąb (obsolete), rąbek, obręb

Slovak: rub, obruba

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: rub

Upper Sorbian: rub

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *rámbas. Baltic cognates include Latvian robs, Lithuanian rum̃bas.


lǫkъ

lǫ̑kъ (canonical masculine)
lǫ̑kъ (nominative singular)
lǫ̑ka (dual nominative)
lǫ̑ci (nominative plural)
lǫ̑ka (genitive singular)
lǫkù (dual genitive)
lǫ̃kъ (genitive plural)
lǫ̑ku (dative singular)
lǫkomà (dative dual)
lǫkòmъ (dative plural)
lǫ̑kъ (accusative singular)
lǫ̑ka (accusative dual)
lǫ̑ky (accusative plural)
lǫ̑kъmь (instrumental singular)
lǫ̑komь (instrumental singular)
lǫkomà (dual instrumental)
lǫký (instrumental plural)
lǫ̑cě (locative singular)
lǫkù (dual locative)
lǫcě̃xъ (locative plural)
lǫče (singular vocative)
lǫ̑ka (dual vocative)
lǫ̑ci (plural vocative)

Old East Slavic: лукъ (lukŭ)

Belarusian: лук (luk)

Russian: лук (luk)

Ukrainian: лук (luk)

→ Finnish: luokki, luokka

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: лѫкъ (lǫkŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰾⱘⰽⱏ (lǫkŭ)

Bulgarian: лък (lǎk), лънк (lǎnk) (dialectal)

Macedonian: лак (lak)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: лу̑к

Latin script: lȗk

Slovene: lọ̑k (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: luk
→ Polish: łuk

Kashubian: łãk

Polabian: lauk

Polish: łęk

Slovak: luk

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lankás. Related to the verb *lęťi (“to bend”). Cognate with Lithuanian lañkas (“bow, arc”) and Latvian loks (“bow; arch”).


xorbrъ

xòrbrъ (canonical)
xorbrъ (masculine nominative singular)
xorbra (feminine nominative singular)
xorbro (neuter nominative singular)
xorbra (genitive masculine singular)
xorbry (feminine genitive singular)
xorbra (genitive neuter singular)
xorbru (dative masculine singular)
xorbrě (dative feminine singular)
xorbru (dative neuter singular)
xorbrъ (accusative masculine singular)
xorbrǫ (accusative feminine singular)
xorbro (accusative neuter singular)
xorbromь (instrumental masculine singular)
xorbrojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
xorbromь (instrumental neuter singular)
xorbrě (locative masculine singular)
xorbrě (feminine locative singular)
xorbrě (locative neuter singular)
xorbre (masculine singular vocative)
xorbro (feminine singular vocative)
xorbro (neuter singular vocative)
xorbra (dual masculine nominative)
xorbrě (dual feminine nominative)
xorbrě (dual neuter nominative)
xorbru (dual genitive masculine)
xorbru (dual feminine genitive)
xorbru (dual genitive neuter)
xorbroma (dative dual masculine)
xorbrama (dative dual feminine)
xorbroma (dative dual neuter)
xorbra (accusative dual masculine)
xorbrě (accusative dual feminine)
xorbrě (accusative dual neuter)
xorbroma (dual instrumental masculine)
xorbrama (dual feminine instrumental)
xorbroma (dual instrumental neuter)
xorbru (dual locative masculine)
xorbru (dual feminine locative)
xorbru (dual locative neuter)
xorbra (dual masculine vocative)
xorbrě (dual feminine vocative)
xorbrě (dual neuter vocative)
xorbri (masculine nominative plural)
xorbry (feminine nominative plural)
xorbra (neuter nominative plural)
xorbrъ (genitive masculine plural)
xorbrъ (feminine genitive plural)
xorbrъ (genitive neuter plural)
xorbromъ (dative masculine plural)
xorbramъ (dative feminine plural)
xorbromъ (dative neuter plural)
xorbry (accusative masculine plural)
xorbry (accusative feminine plural)
xorbra (accusative neuter plural)
xorbry (instrumental masculine plural)
xorbrami (feminine instrumental plural)
xorbry (instrumental neuter plural)
xorbrěxъ (locative masculine plural)
xorbraxъ (feminine locative plural)
xorbrěxъ (locative neuter plural)
xorbri (masculine plural vocative)
xorbry (feminine plural vocative)
xorbra (neuter plural vocative)
xorbrъjь (masculine nominative singular)
xorbraja (feminine nominative singular)
xorbroje (neuter nominative singular)
xorbrajego (genitive masculine singular)
xorbryję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
xorbrajego (genitive neuter singular)
xorbrujemu (dative masculine singular)
xorbrěji (dative feminine singular)
xorbrujemu (dative neuter singular)
xorbrъjь (accusative masculine singular)
xorbrǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
xorbroje (accusative neuter singular)
xorbryjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
xorbrǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
xorbryjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
xorbrějemь (locative masculine singular)
xorbrěji (feminine locative singular)
xorbrějemь (locative neuter singular)
xorbrъjь (masculine singular vocative)
xorbraja (feminine singular vocative)
xorbroje (neuter singular vocative)
xorbraja (dual masculine nominative)
xorbrěji (dual feminine nominative)
xorbrěji (dual neuter nominative)
xorbruju (dual genitive masculine)
xorbruju (dual feminine genitive)
xorbruju (dual genitive neuter)
xorbryjima (dative dual masculine)
xorbryjima (dative dual feminine)
xorbryjima (dative dual neuter)
xorbraja (accusative dual masculine)
xorbrěji (accusative dual feminine)
xorbrěji (accusative dual neuter)
xorbryjima (dual instrumental masculine)
xorbryjima (dual feminine instrumental)
xorbryjima (dual instrumental neuter)
xorbruju (dual locative masculine)
xorbruju (dual feminine locative)
xorbruju (dual locative neuter)
xorbraja (dual masculine vocative)
xorbrěji (dual feminine vocative)
xorbrěji (dual neuter vocative)
xorbriji (masculine nominative plural)
xorbryję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
xorbraja (neuter nominative plural)
xorbrъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
xorbrъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
xorbrъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
xorbryjimъ (dative masculine plural)
xorbryjimъ (dative feminine plural)
xorbryjimъ (dative neuter plural)
xorbryję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
xorbryję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
xorbraja (accusative neuter plural)
xorbryjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
xorbryjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
xorbryjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
xorbryjixъ (locative masculine plural)
xorbryjixъ (feminine locative plural)
xorbryjixъ (locative neuter plural)
xorbriji (masculine plural vocative)
xorbryję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
xorbraja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: хоробръ (xorobrŭ)

Belarusian: харо́бры (xaróbry)

Russian: хоро́брый (xoróbryj) (obsolete)

Ukrainian: хоро́брий (xoróbryj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: храбръ (xrabrŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱈⱃⰰⰱⱃⱏ (xrabrŭ)

Bulgarian: хра́бър (hrábǎr)

Macedonian: хра́бар (hrábar)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: хра́бар

Latin script: hrábar

Slovene: hráber (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: chrabrý

Czech: chrabrý

Polish: chrobry (obsolete)

Slovak: chrabrý

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: chrobły

Lower Sorbian: chrobry (obsolete)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *skárˀbas + *-rъ, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kerb-. Related to Latvian šķerbs (“astringent, sharp”), Proto-Germanic *skarpaz.


morkъ

mȏrkъ (canonical masculine)
mȏrkъ (nominative singular)
mȏrka (dual nominative)
mȏrci (nominative plural)
mȏrka (genitive singular)
morkù (dual genitive)
mõrkъ (genitive plural)
mȏrku (dative singular)
morkomà (dative dual)
morkòmъ (dative plural)
mȏrkъ (accusative singular)
mȏrka (accusative dual)
mȏrky (accusative plural)
mȏrkъmь (instrumental singular)
mȏrkomь (instrumental singular)
morkomà (dual instrumental)
morký (instrumental plural)
mȏrcě (locative singular)
morkù (dual locative)
morcě̃xъ (locative plural)
morče (singular vocative)
mȏrka (dual vocative)
mȏrci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: мо́рак (mórak)

Russian: мо́рок (mórok)

Ukrainian: мо́рок (mórok)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: мракъ (mrakŭ)

→ Russian: мрак (mrak)

Glagolitic: ⰿⱃⰰⰽⱏ (mrakŭ)

Bulgarian: мрак (mrak)

Macedonian: мрак (mrak)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: мра̑к

Latin script: mrȃk

Slovene: mrȃk (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: mrak

Czech: mrak

Kashubian: mrok

Polish: mrok

→ Belarusian: мрок (mrok)

Slovak: mrak

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: mrok

Upper Sorbian: mrok

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *markas, from Proto-Indo-European *mergʷ- (“to flicker; to darken; to be dark”), cognate to Proto-Germanic *merkuz (“dark”) and Albanian murg (“dark”).


storžь

stȏržь (canonical masculine)
stȏržь (nominative singular)
stȏrža (dual nominative)
stȏrži (nominative plural)
stȏrža (genitive singular)
storžù (dual genitive)
stõržь (genitive plural)
stȏržu (dative singular)
storžemà (dative dual)
storžèmъ (dative plural)
stȏržь (accusative singular)
stȏrža (accusative dual)
stȏržę̇ (accusative plural)
stȏržьmь (instrumental singular)
stȏržemь (instrumental singular)
storžemà (dual instrumental)
storží (instrumental plural)
stȏrži (locative singular)
storžù (dual locative)
storžĩxъ (locative plural)
storžu (singular vocative)
stȏrža (dual vocative)
stȏrži (plural vocative)

Old East Slavic: сторожь (storožĭ)

Belarusian: сто́раж (stóraž)

Russian: сто́рож (stórož)

Ukrainian: сто́рож (stórož)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: стражь (stražĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱅⱃⰰⰶⱐ (stražĭ)

Bulgarian: страж (straž)

Macedonian: страж (straž)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: stráž

Czech: stráž

Polabian: storz

Old Polish: stróż

Polish: stróż

Slovak: stráž

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *starˀgiás. Probably descending from Proto-Indo-European *sterg- (“to protect, to shield”), akin with Ancient Greek στέργω (stérgō, “to love”), στοργή (storgḗ, “affection”). Further comparable with Proto-Indo-European *(s)terg- (“to strengthen”) whence Proto-Germanic *starkuz (“stark”).
Compare also Latvian sar̂gs (“watchman, guard”), Lithuanian sárgas (“watchman, guard”), Proto-Slavic *sorgъ (“strict, watchful”).


goldъ

gȏldъ (canonical masculine)
gȏldъ (nominative singular)
gȏlda (dual nominative)
gȏldi (nominative plural)
gȏlda (genitive singular)
goldù (dual genitive)
gõldъ (genitive plural)
gȏldu (dative singular)
goldomà (dative dual)
goldòmъ (dative plural)
gȏldъ (accusative singular)
gȏlda (accusative dual)
gȏldy (accusative plural)
gȏldъmь (instrumental singular)
gȏldomь (instrumental singular)
goldomà (dual instrumental)
goldý (instrumental plural)
gȏldě (locative singular)
goldù (dual locative)
goldě̃xъ (locative plural)
golde (singular vocative)
gȏlda (dual vocative)
gȏldi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: голодъ (golodŭ)

Belarusian: го́лад (hólad)

Russian: го́лод (gólod)

Ukrainian: го́лод (hólod)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: гладъ (gladŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰳⰾⰰⰴⱏ (gladŭ)

Bulgarian: глад (glad)

Macedonian: глад (glad)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: гла̑д

Latin script: glȃd

Slovene: glȃd (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: hlad

Czech: hlad

Kashubian: gółd

Polabian: glåd

Polish: głód

Slovak: hlad

Slovincian: glód

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: głod

Upper Sorbian: hłód

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *galdás, from Proto-Indo-European *g⁽ʷ⁾oldʰ-ó-s, from *g⁽ʷ⁾eldʰ- (“to desire greedily , to wish”).
Cognate with Sanskrit गृध्र (gṛ́dhra, “desiring greedily”).

Helmut Rix
Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben
Rick Derksen