zadъ

zadъ (nominative singular)
zada (dual nominative)
zadi (nominative plural)
zada (genitive singular)
zadu (dual genitive)
zadъ (genitive plural)
zadu (dative singular)
zadoma (dative dual)
zadomъ (dative plural)
zadъ (accusative singular)
zada (accusative dual)
zady (accusative plural)
zadъmь (instrumental singular)
zadomь (instrumental singular)
zadoma (dual instrumental)
zady (instrumental plural)
zadě (locative singular)
zadu (dual locative)
zaděxъ (locative plural)
zade (singular vocative)
zada (dual vocative)
zadi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: задъ (zadŭ)

Old Ruthenian: задъ (zad)

Belarusian: зад (zad)

Ukrainian: зад (zad)

Russian: зад (zad)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: зади (zadi)

Bulgarian: зад (zad)

Macedonian: зад (zad)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: за̑д

Latin script: zȃd

West Slavic:

Czech: záda

Old Polish: zad

Polish: zad

Slovak: zad

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: zad

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰed-. Akin to Albanian dhjes (“to mess up”), Ancient Greek χέζω (khézō, “I defecate”), χόδᾰνος (khódănos, “buttocks”), Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬜𐬀𐬲 (haδaž, “anus”), 𐬰𐬀𐬛𐬀𐬵 (zadah, “rump”), Old Armenian ձետ (jet, “tail”), Sanskrit हदति (hadati, “to evacuate, discharge excrement”). Also analyzable as *za + *-dъ.


kuprъ

kuprъ (nominative singular)
kupra (dual nominative)
kupri (nominative plural)
kupra (genitive singular)
kupru (dual genitive)
kuprъ (genitive plural)
kupru (dative singular)
kuproma (dative dual)
kupromъ (dative plural)
kuprъ (accusative singular)
kupra (accusative dual)
kupry (accusative plural)
kuprъmь (instrumental singular)
kupromь (instrumental singular)
kuproma (dual instrumental)
kupry (instrumental plural)
kuprě (locative singular)
kupru (dual locative)
kuprěxъ (locative plural)
kupre (singular vocative)
kupra (dual vocative)
kupri (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: ку́прь (kúprʹ)

Ukrainian: ку́пер (kúper); ку́пирь (kúpyrʹ), ку́пра (kúpra) (dialectal)

⇒ Old Ruthenian: ку́прыкъ (kúpryk)

Ukrainian: ку́прик (kúpryk)

Russian: купе́р (kupér), купр (kupr) (dialectal)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kupr

Old Polish: kupr

Polish: kuper

From Proto-Indo-European *keh₂wp-. Akin to Lithuanian kauprà, kuprà, Latvian kuprs and Old High German hovar.


šibenica

šibenica (nominative singular)
šibenici (dual nominative)
šibenicę̇ (nominative plural)
šibenicę̇ (genitive singular)
šibenicu (dual genitive)
šibenicь (genitive plural)
šibenici (dative singular)
šibenicama (dative dual)
šibenicamъ (dative plural)
šibenicǫ (accusative singular)
šibenici (accusative dual)
šibenicę̇ (accusative plural)
šibenicejǫ (instrumental singular)
šibenicǫ (instrumental singular)
šibenicama (dual instrumental)
šibenicami (instrumental plural)
šibenici (locative singular)
šibenicu (dual locative)
šibenicasъ (locative plural)
šibenicaxъ (locative plural)
šibenice (singular vocative)
šibenici (dual vocative)
šibenicę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: шибеница (šibenica)

Belarusian: шы́беніца (šýbjenica)

Ukrainian: ши́бениця (šýbenycja)

Russian: ши́беница (šíbenica)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: šibenicě

Czech: šibenice

desctree

Old Polish: szubienica, szybienica
Polish: szubienica, szubiénica (“type of game”) (Przemyśl)

Old Slovak: šibenica

Slovak: šibenica

Pomeranian:

desc

Kashubian: szëbnica, szëbienica, szëbiéńca

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: šуbjеńса

Upper Sorbian: šibjeńca

According to Vasmer, related to *šibati (“to whip”).


groxotъ

groxotъ (nominative singular)
groxota (dual nominative)
groxoti (nominative plural)
groxota (genitive singular)
groxotu (dual genitive)
groxotъ (genitive plural)
groxotu (dative singular)
groxotoma (dative dual)
groxotomъ (dative plural)
groxotъ (accusative singular)
groxota (accusative dual)
groxoty (accusative plural)
groxotъmь (instrumental singular)
groxotomь (instrumental singular)
groxotoma (dual instrumental)
groxoty (instrumental plural)
groxotě (locative singular)
groxotu (dual locative)
groxotěxъ (locative plural)
groxote (singular vocative)
groxota (dual vocative)
groxoti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: гро́хот (gróxot)

Ukrainian: гро́хiт (hróxit)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: грохотъ (groxotŭ)

Bulgarian: гро́хот (gróhot)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: гро̏хот

West Slavic:

Czech: hrochot (obsolete)

Polish: grochot

Compare Lithuanian grekšėti (“to creak”), Old High German krahhon (“to crash”), further Lithuanian girgždėti and Sanskrit गर्जति (gárjati, “to thunder”).
Some scholars, (Mladenov), argue for an onomatopoeic origin.


kokotъ

kokotъ (nominative singular)
kokota (dual nominative)
kokoti (nominative plural)
kokota (genitive singular)
kokotu (dual genitive)
kokotъ (genitive plural)
kokotu (dative singular)
kokotoma (dative dual)
kokotomъ (dative plural)
kokotъ (accusative singular)
kokota (accusative dual)
kokoty (accusative plural)
kokotъmь (instrumental singular)
kokotomь (instrumental singular)
kokotoma (dual instrumental)
kokoty (instrumental plural)
kokotě (locative singular)
kokotu (dual locative)
kokotěxъ (locative plural)
kokote (singular vocative)
kokota (dual vocative)
kokoti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: кокотъ (kokotŭ)

Russian: ко́кот (kókot)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: кокотъ (kokotŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ко̏ко̑т

Latin script: kȍkōt

Slovene: kokȏt (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: kohout

Polish: kogut

Slovak: kohút

According to Vasmer, of onomatopoeic origin. Compare Ancient Greek κακκάβη (kakkábē).


xoměkъ

xomě̀kъ (canonical masculine)
xoměkъ (nominative singular)
xoměka (dual nominative)
xoměci (nominative plural)
xoměka (genitive singular)
xoměku (dual genitive)
xoměkъ (genitive plural)
xoměku (dative singular)
xoměkoma (dative dual)
xoměkomъ (dative plural)
xoměkъ (accusative singular)
xoměka (accusative dual)
xoměky (accusative plural)
xoměkъmь (instrumental singular)
xoměkomь (instrumental singular)
xoměkoma (dual instrumental)
xoměky (instrumental plural)
xoměcě (locative singular)
xoměku (dual locative)
xoměcěxъ (locative plural)
xoměče (singular vocative)
xoměka (dual vocative)
xoměci (plural vocative)
*xomìkъ (alternative)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: хомѣ́къ (xomě́kŭ), хомѧ́къ (xomę́kŭ)
Old Ruthenian: хомѣ́къ (xomě́k)
Belarusian: хамя́к (xamják)
Ukrainian: хом'я́к (xomʺják); хомє́к (xomjék), хоми́к (xomýk), хомі́к (xomík), хомня́к (xomnják), хомля́к (xomlják), хомлє́к (xomljék), хома́ (xomá) (dialectal)
→ Old Polish: chomiek
Polish: chomik; chomiak, chómek, chómik (dialectal)
Russian: хомя́к (xomják)
→ Bulgarian: хо́мяк (hómjak)

West Slavic:

Czech: chumák, chumáč (dialectal)

Old Polish: chomyk (“mole”)

Old Slovak: chomáč

Slovak: chumáč


xoměstorъ

xoměstorъ (nominative singular)
xoměstora (dual nominative)
xoměstori (nominative plural)
xoměstora (genitive singular)
xoměstoru (dual genitive)
xoměstorъ (genitive plural)
xoměstoru (dative singular)
xoměstoroma (dative dual)
xoměstoromъ (dative plural)
xoměstorъ (accusative singular)
xoměstora (accusative dual)
xoměstory (accusative plural)
xoměstorъmь (instrumental singular)
xoměstoromь (instrumental singular)
xoměstoroma (dual instrumental)
xoměstory (instrumental plural)
xoměstorě (locative singular)
xoměstoru (dual locative)
xoměstorěxъ (locative plural)
xoměstore (singular vocative)
xoměstora (dual vocative)
xoměstori (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: хомѣсторъ (xoměstorŭ), хомѣстаръ (xoměstarŭ)
→ Old Saxon: hamustra
→ Old High German: hamastra, hamustro
Middle High German: hamster
German: Hamster
→ Catalan: hàmster
→ English: hamster, hampster (obsolete)
→ Cornish: hamster
→ Japanese: ハムスター (hamusutā)
→ Korean: 햄스터 (haemseuteo)
→ Scottish Gaelic: hamstair
→ Tagalog: hamster
→ Thai: แฮมสเตอร์ (hɛms-dtə̂ə)
→ Turkish: hamster
→ Danish: hamster
→ Dutch: hamster
→ Papiamentu: hamster
→ French: hamster
→ Luxembourgish: Hamster
→ Norwegian Bokmål: hamster
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: hamster
→ Portuguese: hamster
→ Romanian: hamster
→ Swedish: hamster

→ Lithuanian: kãmas (“rat”), stãras (“suslik”) (possibly)

→ Latvian: kāmis (“hamster”) (possibly)

Uncertain:
* Borrowed from Old Iranian or Scythian *hamaistar-, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)meyt- (“to throw”). Related to Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬨𐬀𐬉𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬭- (hamaēstar-, “who throws down; enemy”). For the meaning, compare Shor ырлақ (yrlak, “hamster”): ыр- (yr-, “to be hostile”).
* From a compound *xomě-storъ:
** Per Berneker, *-storъ is related to Lithuanian stãras (“suslik”).
** Per Brückner: *xom- is onomatopoeic, *-storъ is unclear. Related to Polish skomleć (“to howl, yelp”), Church Slavonic скомати (skomati, “sigh, groan”).
** Per Sławski, ESSJa: **xomě (“couple bags”) + *sterti (“to pour, sprinkle; to spread, extend, stretch out”) + *-ъ, literally “who pours (grain) into (both) bags”. Related to *skomiti (“squeeze, clench”) and *prostorъ.
** Per Chernykh: if not borrowing, Old East Slavic хомѣкъ (xoměkŭ) is related to *ščemiti / *ščьmiti, *oskomina, *xomǫtъ, *komъ, Ancient Greek χαμαίστρωτος (khamaístrōtos, “stretched on the ground”).
** Compare onomatopoeic hamster name: Serbo-Croatian hŕčak < *xъrčьkъ < *xъrčati, *xъrkati, Czech křeček, Old Czech křěč, Old Polish krzeczek, skrzeczek < *krečьkъ, *krečь < *krečati, *krekati.
** Compare onomatopoeic *kem- name: *komarъ (“mosquito”), *čьmeľь (“bumblebee”).
** See also *čęstъ: Lithuanian kim̃šti (“to stuff, fill”), *žęti, *skǫpъ.
* Per Ильинскій: from **xoměstati + *-orъ, from blend of **xomězati and *xomotati, from onomatopoeia. Related to Moravian chomtat (“eat greedily”), Russian ха́мкать (xámkatʹ, “to eat”).
* Per Мурьянов, Slavic and German are borrowed from Latin *chomestor, variant of comestor (“glutton”).

ncog

χαμαίστρωτος

Oleg Trubachyov
ru:Черных, Павел Яковлевич


kyšьka

kyšьka (nominative singular)
kyšьcě (dual nominative)
kyšьky (nominative plural)
kyšьky (genitive singular)
kyšьku (dual genitive)
kyšьkъ (genitive plural)
kyšьcě (dative singular)
kyšьkama (dative dual)
kyšьkamъ (dative plural)
kyšьkǫ (accusative singular)
kyšьcě (accusative dual)
kyšьky (accusative plural)
kyšьkojǫ (instrumental singular)
kyšьkǫ (instrumental singular)
kyšьkama (dual instrumental)
kyšьkami (instrumental plural)
kyšьcě (locative singular)
kyšьku (dual locative)
kyšьkasъ (locative plural)
kyšьkaxъ (locative plural)
kyšьko (singular vocative)
kyšьcě (dual vocative)
kyšьky (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old Ruthenian: ки́шка (kíška), ки́жка (kížka)

Belarusian: кі́шка (kíška)

Ukrainian: ки́шка (kýška)

Russian: кишка́ (kišká)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: кишька (kišĭka)

Glagolitic script: ⰽⰺⱎⱐⰽⰰ (kišĭka)

Bulgarian: ки́шка (kíška) (dialectal)

Slovene: kȋška

West Slavic:

Czech: kyska (dialectal)

Polabian: kóisа

→ Polabian: tʼai̯sə (“kidney”) (< *kyša)

Polish: kiszka

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewp- (“tuft, cluster, hair on the head”), related to Gothic 𐍃𐌺𐌿𐍆𐍄 (skuft, “hair of the head”), German Schopf (“tuft”), Albanian çup (“without tail, maimed”). Comparable to Proto-Indo-European *skub-, *skup-, *skupn- (“to curve, bow, vault”).
Compare Sanskrit कोष्ठ (koṣṭha, “entrails”).


ženixъ

ženixъ (nominative singular)
ženixa (dual nominative)
ženiśi (nominative plural)
ženixa (genitive singular)
ženixu (dual genitive)
ženixъ (genitive plural)
ženixu (dative singular)
ženixoma (dative dual)
ženixomъ (dative plural)
ženixъ (accusative singular)
ženixa (accusative dual)
ženixy (accusative plural)
ženixъmь (instrumental singular)
ženixomь (instrumental singular)
ženixoma (dual instrumental)
ženixy (instrumental plural)
ženiśě (locative singular)
ženixu (dual locative)
ženiśěxъ (locative plural)
ženiše (singular vocative)
ženixa (dual vocative)
ženiśi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: женихъ (ženixŭ)

desc

Old Ruthenian: жени́хъ (ženíx), жони́хъ (žoníx)

Belarusian: жані́х (žaníx)

Ukrainian: жени́х (ženýx)

desctree

Russian: жени́х (ženíx), жени́хъ (ženíx) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Ingrian: senihka
→ Komi-Zyrian: жӧник (žöńik)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: женихъ (ženixŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰶⰵⱀⰺⱈⱏ (ženixŭ)

Bulgarian: женѝх (ženìh)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: жѐнӣх, же̏них

Latin script: žènih, žȅnīh

Slovene: žénih (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: ženich

Polish: żenich (dialectal)

Silesian: żynich

Slovak: ženích

From *ženiti (“to marry off”, from *žena) + *-xъ.

af

from <i class="Latn mention" lang="sla-pro">*žena</i>


stoborъ

stoborъ (nominative singular)
stobora (dual nominative)
stobori (nominative plural)
stobora (genitive singular)
stoboru (dual genitive)
stoborъ (genitive plural)
stoboru (dative singular)
stoboroma (dative dual)
stoboromъ (dative plural)
stoborъ (accusative singular)
stobora (accusative dual)
stobory (accusative plural)
stoborъmь (instrumental singular)
stoboromь (instrumental singular)
stoboroma (dual instrumental)
stobory (instrumental plural)
stoborě (locative singular)
stoboru (dual locative)
stoborěxъ (locative plural)
stobore (singular vocative)
stobora (dual vocative)
stobori (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: стобор (stobor) (obsolete)

desc

>? Ukrainian: стовбур (stovbur, “tree trunk”)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: стоборъ (stoborŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱅⱁⰱⱁⱃⱏ (stoborŭ)

Bulgarian: стобо́р (stobór, “wooden fence”)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сто̏бо̑р

→ Hungarian: szobor

Derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic *stábas (“pillar”) + *-orъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ- (“to stay still”). Cognate with Lithuanian stãbaras (“post, pole”).


skomiti

skomľenьje (noun-from-verb)
skomiti (infinitive)
skomitъ (supine)
skomilъ (l-participle)
skomľenъ (participle passive past)
skomimъ (participle passive present)
skomľь (active participle past)
skomę (active participle present)
skomixъ (aorist first-person singular)
skomi (aorist second-person singular)
skomi (aorist singular third-person)
skomľǫ (first-person present singular)
skomiši (present second-person singular)
skomitь (present singular third-person)
skomixově (aorist dual first-person)
skomista (aorist dual second-person)
skomiste (aorist dual third-person)
skomivě (dual first-person present)
skomita (dual present second-person)
skomite (dual present third-person)
skomixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
skomiste (aorist plural second-person)
skomišę (aorist plural third-person)
skomimъ (first-person plural present)
skomite (plural present second-person)
skomętь (plural present third-person)
skomľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
skomľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
skomľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
skomi (imperative second-person singular)
skomi (imperative singular third-person)
skomľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
skomľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
skomľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
skomivě (dual first-person imperative)
skomita (dual imperative second-person)
skomľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
skomľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
skomľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
skomimъ (first-person imperative plural)
skomite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: скоми́ть (skomítʹ) (dialectal)

⇒ Russian: ско́мнуть (skómnutʹ) (dialectal)

⇒ Ukrainian: скомта́ти (skomtáty) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Slovene: skométi (tonal orthography)

From *skom- + *-iti. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kem-, *(s)kom-.


sčemiti

sčemľenьje (noun-from-verb)
sčemiti (infinitive)
sčemitъ (supine)
sčemilъ (l-participle)
sčemľenъ (participle passive past)
sčemimъ (participle passive present)
sčemľь (active participle past)
sčemę (active participle present)
sčemixъ (aorist first-person singular)
sčemi (aorist second-person singular)
sčemi (aorist singular third-person)
sčemľǫ (first-person present singular)
sčemiši (present second-person singular)
sčemitь (present singular third-person)
sčemixově (aorist dual first-person)
sčemista (aorist dual second-person)
sčemiste (aorist dual third-person)
sčemivě (dual first-person present)
sčemita (dual present second-person)
sčemite (dual present third-person)
sčemixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
sčemiste (aorist plural second-person)
sčemišę (aorist plural third-person)
sčemimъ (first-person plural present)
sčemite (plural present second-person)
sčemętь (plural present third-person)
sčemľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
sčemľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
sčemľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
sčemi (imperative second-person singular)
sčemi (imperative singular third-person)
sčemľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
sčemľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
sčemľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
sčemivě (dual first-person imperative)
sčemita (dual imperative second-person)
sčemľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
sčemľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
sčemľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
sčemimъ (first-person imperative plural)
sčemite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: щемíць

Russian: щеми́ть (ščemítʹ)

Ukrainian: щеми́ти (ščemýty)

South Slavic:

Slovene: ščmíti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Polish: szczmić


tǫžiti

tǫženьje (noun-from-verb)
tǫžiti (infinitive)
tǫžitъ (supine)
tǫžilъ (l-participle)
tǫženъ (participle passive past)
tǫžimъ (participle passive present)
tǫžь (active participle past)
tǫžę (active participle present)
tǫžixъ (aorist first-person singular)
tǫži (aorist second-person singular)
tǫži (aorist singular third-person)
tǫžǫ (first-person present singular)
tǫžiši (present second-person singular)
tǫžitь (present singular third-person)
tǫžixově (aorist dual first-person)
tǫžista (aorist dual second-person)
tǫžiste (aorist dual third-person)
tǫživě (dual first-person present)
tǫžita (dual present second-person)
tǫžite (dual present third-person)
tǫžixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
tǫžiste (aorist plural second-person)
tǫžišę (aorist plural third-person)
tǫžimъ (first-person plural present)
tǫžite (plural present second-person)
tǫžętь (plural present third-person)
tǫžaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
tǫžaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
tǫžaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
tǫži (imperative second-person singular)
tǫži (imperative singular third-person)
tǫžaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
tǫžaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
tǫžaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
tǫživě (dual first-person imperative)
tǫžita (dual imperative second-person)
tǫžaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
tǫžaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
tǫžaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
tǫžimъ (first-person imperative plural)
tǫžite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: ту́житься (túžitʹsja)

Ukrainian: -ту́жити (-túžyty)

West Slavic:

Czech: tužit

Polish: tężyć

Slovak: tužiť

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: tužić

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tangīˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *tongʰ-éye-ti, éye-causative of *tengʰ- (“to pull back, be heavy”). By surface analysis, *tǫgъ + *-iti. Doublet of *tęžiti, a Slavic construction.


tǫžiti

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: тужити (tužiti)

desc

Old Ruthenian: тужити (tužiti), тужыти (tužyti)

Belarusian: ту́жыць (túžycʹ), ту́жіць (túžicʹ)

Ukrainian: тужи́ти (tužýty)

Russian: ту́жить (túžitʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: тѫжити (tǫžiti)

Glagolitic script: ⱅⱘⰶⰻⱅⰻ (tǫžiti)

Bulgarian: тъжа̀ (tǎžà)

Macedonian: тажи (taži)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ту́жити

Latin script: túžiti

Slovene: tožīti (tonal orthography)

Rovte dialect (Črni vrh, Idrija): tȗəšť

Lower Carniolan (Kostel dialect): ˈtọːžėt

West Slavic:

Old Czech: túžiti

Czech: toužit

Old Polish: tążyć

Slovak: túžiť

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: tužyś

Upper Sorbian: tužić

From *tǫga (“melancholy, sadness”) + *-ti.


ustьje

ustьje (nominative singular)
ustьji (dual nominative)
ustьja (nominative plural)
ustьja (genitive singular)
ustьju (dual genitive)
ustьjь (genitive plural)
ustьju (dative singular)
ustьjema (dative dual)
ustьjemъ (dative plural)
ustьje (accusative singular)
ustьji (accusative dual)
ustьja (accusative plural)
ustьjьmь (instrumental singular)
ustьjemь (instrumental singular)
ustьjema (dual instrumental)
ustьji (instrumental plural)
ustьji (locative singular)
ustьju (dual locative)
ustьjixъ (locative plural)
ustьje (singular vocative)
ustьji (dual vocative)
ustьja (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: устье (ustĭje)

Old Ruthenian: устьє (ustʹje), вустьє (vustʹje), устїє (ustije)

Belarusian: ву́сце (vúscje), ву́сьці (vúsʹci), ву́сьця (vúsʹcja), ву́сьте (vúsʹtje)

Ukrainian: у́стя (ústja), ву́стя (vústja), ву́стє (vústje), у́стє (ústje), у́сця (úscja)

Russian: у́стье (ústʹje)

Old Novgorodian: оустьѥ (ustĭje)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: у́стие (ústie)

Macedonian: устие (ustie)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: у̑шће

Latin script: ȗšće

Slovene: ūstje (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: ústie

Czech: ústí

Old Polish: huszcie, huście, uszcie, uście

Polish: ujście

Slovak: ústie


sъmetana

sъmetana (nominative singular)
sъmetaně (dual nominative)
sъmetany (nominative plural)
sъmetany (genitive singular)
sъmetanu (dual genitive)
sъmetanъ (genitive plural)
sъmetaně (dative singular)
sъmetanama (dative dual)
sъmetanamъ (dative plural)
sъmetanǫ (accusative singular)
sъmetaně (accusative dual)
sъmetany (accusative plural)
sъmetanojǫ (instrumental singular)
sъmetanǫ (instrumental singular)
sъmetanama (dual instrumental)
sъmetanami (instrumental plural)
sъmetaně (locative singular)
sъmetanu (dual locative)
sъmetanasъ (locative plural)
sъmetanaxъ (locative plural)
sъmetano (singular vocative)
sъmetaně (dual vocative)
sъmetany (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: смета́на (smetána)

Belarusian: смята́на (smjatána)

Carpathian Rusyn: смета́на (smetána)

Ukrainian: смета́на (smetána)

Russian: смета́на (smetána)

→ Armenian: սմետան (smetan)

→ English: smetana

→ Finnish: smetana

→ French: smitane

→ English: smitane

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: смета́на (smetána)

Serbo-Croatian: (dialectal)

Cyrillic script: сме̏тана

Latin script: smȅtana

Slovene: smẹ́tana (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: smetana

Czech: smetana

→ German: Schmetten

Kashubian: smiotana

Polabian: såmătonă

Old Polish: śmiatana, śmiotana

Polish: śmietana

Silesian: śmietōna

Old Slovak: smatana, smetana, smotana

⇒ Old Slovak: smetánka, smotánka

Pannonian Rusyn: шметанка (šmetanka)

Slovak: smotana

Slovincian: smjatana

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: smjetana

Lower Sorbian: sḿetana

Non-Slavic

→ Middle Low German: smand (possibly)

→ German: Schmand, Schmant

→ Yiddish: שמאַנט (shmant)

→ Romanian: smântână

From *sъmetana (Etymology 2).
Forms with nasal infix (e.g. borrowed Romanian smântână) are probably due to confusion with *sъmęsti (“to commingle”).


sъmetana

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

feminine nominative/vocative singular of *sъmetanъ


pazurъ

pazurъ (nominative singular)
pazura (dual nominative)
pazuri (nominative plural)
pazura (genitive singular)
pazuru (dual genitive)
pazurъ (genitive plural)
pazuru (dative singular)
pazuroma (dative dual)
pazuromъ (dative plural)
pazurъ (accusative singular)
pazura (accusative dual)
pazury (accusative plural)
pazurъmь (instrumental singular)
pazuromь (instrumental singular)
pazuroma (dual instrumental)
pazury (instrumental plural)
pazurě (locative singular)
pazuru (dual locative)
pazurěxъ (locative plural)
pazure (singular vocative)
pazura (dual vocative)
pazuri (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: (dialectal) пазу́р (pazúr)

Russian: пазу́р (pazúr)

Carpathian Rusyn: пазур (pazur)

Ukrainian: па́зур (pázur)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: pazúr

Czech: pazour

Kashubian: pazura

Polish: pazur

Old Slovak: pazúr

Slovak: pazúr

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: pazora f

Lower Sorbian: pazora f


konьčьnъ

konьčьnъ (masculine nominative singular)
konьčьna (feminine nominative singular)
konьčьno (neuter nominative singular)
konьčьna (genitive masculine singular)
konьčьny (feminine genitive singular)
konьčьna (genitive neuter singular)
konьčьnu (dative masculine singular)
konьčьně (dative feminine singular)
konьčьnu (dative neuter singular)
konьčьnъ (accusative masculine singular)
konьčьnǫ (accusative feminine singular)
konьčьno (accusative neuter singular)
konьčьnomь (instrumental masculine singular)
konьčьnojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
konьčьnomь (instrumental neuter singular)
konьčьně (locative masculine singular)
konьčьně (feminine locative singular)
konьčьně (locative neuter singular)
konьčьne (masculine singular vocative)
konьčьno (feminine singular vocative)
konьčьno (neuter singular vocative)
konьčьna (dual masculine nominative)
konьčьně (dual feminine nominative)
konьčьně (dual neuter nominative)
konьčьnu (dual genitive masculine)
konьčьnu (dual feminine genitive)
konьčьnu (dual genitive neuter)
konьčьnoma (dative dual masculine)
konьčьnama (dative dual feminine)
konьčьnoma (dative dual neuter)
konьčьna (accusative dual masculine)
konьčьně (accusative dual feminine)
konьčьně (accusative dual neuter)
konьčьnoma (dual instrumental masculine)
konьčьnama (dual feminine instrumental)
konьčьnoma (dual instrumental neuter)
konьčьnu (dual locative masculine)
konьčьnu (dual feminine locative)
konьčьnu (dual locative neuter)
konьčьna (dual masculine vocative)
konьčьně (dual feminine vocative)
konьčьně (dual neuter vocative)
konьčьni (masculine nominative plural)
konьčьny (feminine nominative plural)
konьčьna (neuter nominative plural)
konьčьnъ (genitive masculine plural)
konьčьnъ (feminine genitive plural)
konьčьnъ (genitive neuter plural)
konьčьnomъ (dative masculine plural)
konьčьnamъ (dative feminine plural)
konьčьnomъ (dative neuter plural)
konьčьny (accusative masculine plural)
konьčьny (accusative feminine plural)
konьčьna (accusative neuter plural)
konьčьny (instrumental masculine plural)
konьčьnami (feminine instrumental plural)
konьčьny (instrumental neuter plural)
konьčьněxъ (locative masculine plural)
konьčьnaxъ (feminine locative plural)
konьčьněxъ (locative neuter plural)
konьčьni (masculine plural vocative)
konьčьny (feminine plural vocative)
konьčьna (neuter plural vocative)
konьčьnъjь (masculine nominative singular)
konьčьnaja (feminine nominative singular)
konьčьnoje (neuter nominative singular)
konьčьnajego (genitive masculine singular)
konьčьnyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
konьčьnajego (genitive neuter singular)
konьčьnujemu (dative masculine singular)
konьčьněji (dative feminine singular)
konьčьnujemu (dative neuter singular)
konьčьnъjь (accusative masculine singular)
konьčьnǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
konьčьnoje (accusative neuter singular)
konьčьnyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
konьčьnǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
konьčьnyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
konьčьnějemь (locative masculine singular)
konьčьněji (feminine locative singular)
konьčьnějemь (locative neuter singular)
konьčьnъjь (masculine singular vocative)
konьčьnaja (feminine singular vocative)
konьčьnoje (neuter singular vocative)
konьčьnaja (dual masculine nominative)
konьčьněji (dual feminine nominative)
konьčьněji (dual neuter nominative)
konьčьnuju (dual genitive masculine)
konьčьnuju (dual feminine genitive)
konьčьnuju (dual genitive neuter)
konьčьnyjima (dative dual masculine)
konьčьnyjima (dative dual feminine)
konьčьnyjima (dative dual neuter)
konьčьnaja (accusative dual masculine)
konьčьněji (accusative dual feminine)
konьčьněji (accusative dual neuter)
konьčьnyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
konьčьnyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
konьčьnyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
konьčьnuju (dual locative masculine)
konьčьnuju (dual feminine locative)
konьčьnuju (dual locative neuter)
konьčьnaja (dual masculine vocative)
konьčьněji (dual feminine vocative)
konьčьněji (dual neuter vocative)
konьčьniji (masculine nominative plural)
konьčьnyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
konьčьnaja (neuter nominative plural)
konьčьnъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
konьčьnъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
konьčьnъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
konьčьnyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
konьčьnyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
konьčьnyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
konьčьnyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
konьčьnyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
konьčьnaja (accusative neuter plural)
konьčьnyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
konьčьnyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
konьčьnyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
konьčьnyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
konьčьnyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
konьčьnyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
konьčьniji (masculine plural vocative)
konьčьnyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
konьčьnaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: коньчьнꙑи (konĭčĭnyi)

Old Ruthenian: коне́чный (konéčnyj)

Belarusian: кане́чны (kanjéčny)

Ukrainian: коне́чний (konéčnyj)

desc

Russian: коне́чный (konéčnyj), ко́нченый (kónčenyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: коньчьнъ (konĭčĭnŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰽⱁⱀⱐⱍⱐⱀⱏ (konĭčĭnŭ)

Macedonian: конечен (konečen)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ко̀начан

Latin script: kònačan

Slovene: kónčen (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: kònieczny

Old Czech: konečný

Czech: konečný

desctree

Old Polish: konieczny, konieczni
Polish: konieczny
Silesian: kōnieczny

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: kónčny

Lower Sorbian: kóńcny

be:Аляксандр Мікалаевіч Булыка


uroďajь

uroďajь (nominative singular)
uroďaja (dual nominative)
uroďaji (nominative plural)
uroďaja (genitive singular)
uroďaju (dual genitive)
uroďajь (genitive plural)
uroďaju (dative singular)
uroďajema (dative dual)
uroďajemъ (dative plural)
uroďajь (accusative singular)
uroďaja (accusative dual)
uroďaję̇ (accusative plural)
uroďajьmь (instrumental singular)
uroďajemь (instrumental singular)
uroďajema (dual instrumental)
uroďaji (instrumental plural)
uroďaji (locative singular)
uroďaju (dual locative)
uroďajixъ (locative plural)
uroďaju (singular vocative)
uroďaja (dual vocative)
uroďaji (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old Ruthenian: урожа́й (urožáj), врожа́й (vrožáj)

Belarusian: ураджа́й (uradžáj), ўраджа́й (ŭradžáj)

Carpathian Rusyn: урожай (urožaj)

→ Pannonian Rusyn: урожай (urožaj)

Ukrainian: урожа́й (urožáj), врожа́й (vrožáj); уроджа́й (urodžáj) (dialectal)

Russian: урожа́й (urožáj)

→ Bulgarian: урожа́й (urožáj)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: урожда́й (uroždáj) (obsolete)

West Slavic:

Polish: urodzaj

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: ùrodzôj

From *uroditi + *-ajь. Compare *rodъ (“harvest”).


bъči

bъči (nominative singular)
bъčьvi (dual nominative)
bъčьvi (nominative plural)
bъčьve (genitive singular)
bъčьvu (dual genitive)
bъčьvъ (genitive plural)
bъčьvi (dative singular)
bъčьvьma (dative dual)
bъčьvama (dative dual)
bъčьvьmъ (dative plural)
bъčьvamъ (dative plural)
bъčьvь (accusative singular)
bъčьvi (accusative dual)
bъčьvi (accusative plural)
bъčьvьjǫ (instrumental singular)
bъčьvľǫ (instrumental singular)
bъčьvьma (dual instrumental)
bъčьvama (dual instrumental)
bъčьvьmi (instrumental plural)
bъčьvami (instrumental plural)
bъčьve (locative singular)
bъčьvu (dual locative)
bъčьvьxъ (locative plural)
bъčьvaxъ (locative plural)
bъči (singular vocative)
bъčьvi (dual vocative)
bъčьvi (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic: бъчьвь (bŭčĭvĭ) (Russian recension)

Bulgarian: бъ́чва (bǎ́čva), (dialectal) бъ́чева (bǎ́čeva), бо́чва (bóčva)

Macedonian: бочва (bočva)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ба̏чва

Latin script: bȁčva

Slovene: bəčvà (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: Bečva (proper noun)

Czech: bečva (dialectal)

Slovak: bečva (dialectal)

Non-Slavic:

→ Old Hungarian: bocs

→ Finnish: putsu, putsi

Borrowed from Proto-West Germanic *buttjā (“cask, flask”), from Medieval Latin buttia, from Late Latin buttis (“cask, barrel”).
Pan-Slavic range of the word evidenced by derived terms.

bor+

wooden barrel (round (cylindrical) vessel, of greater length than breadth, and bulging in the middle, made of staves bound with hoops, and having flat ends)


bъčьka

bъčьka (nominative singular)
bъčьcě (dual nominative)
bъčьky (nominative plural)
bъčьky (genitive singular)
bъčьku (dual genitive)
bъčьkъ (genitive plural)
bъčьcě (dative singular)
bъčьkama (dative dual)
bъčьkamъ (dative plural)
bъčьkǫ (accusative singular)
bъčьcě (accusative dual)
bъčьky (accusative plural)
bъčьkojǫ (instrumental singular)
bъčьkǫ (instrumental singular)
bъčьkama (dual instrumental)
bъčьkami (instrumental plural)
bъčьcě (locative singular)
bъčьku (dual locative)
bъčьkasъ (locative plural)
bъčьkaxъ (locative plural)
bъčьko (singular vocative)
bъčьcě (dual vocative)
bъčьky (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: бо́чка (bóčka)

Belarusian: бо́чка (bóčka)

Ukrainian: бо́чка (bóčka)

Russian: бо́чка (bóčka)

→ Armenian: բոչկա (bočʻka)

→ English: bochka

→ Kurdish:

Central Kurdish: بۆشکە (boşke)

→ Kyrgyz: бочка (bocka)

→ Persian: بشکه (boške)

→ Tajik: бочка (bočka)

→ Ubykh: baʃkʼʲa

→ Yakut: буочука (buocuka)

Old Novgorodian: бъчька (bŭćĭka)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Russian Church Slavonic: бъчька (bŭčĭka)

Slovene: bəčkà (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: bečka

desctree

Old Polish: beczka, baczka
Polish: beczka
Silesian: beczka

Slovak: bočka

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: beczka


storža

storža (nominative singular)
storži (dual nominative)
storžę̇ (nominative plural)
storžę̇ (genitive singular)
storžu (dual genitive)
storžь (genitive plural)
storži (dative singular)
storžama (dative dual)
storžamъ (dative plural)
storžǫ (accusative singular)
storži (accusative dual)
storžę̇ (accusative plural)
storžejǫ (instrumental singular)
storžǫ (instrumental singular)
storžama (dual instrumental)
storžami (instrumental plural)
storži (locative singular)
storžu (dual locative)
storžasъ (locative plural)
storžaxъ (locative plural)
storže (singular vocative)
storži (dual vocative)
storžę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: сторожа (storoža)

desc

Old Ruthenian: сторо́жа (storóža), старо́жа (staróža)

Ukrainian: сторо́жа (storóža)

Russian: сторо́жа (storóža) (obsolete)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: стража (straža)

Bulgarian: стража (straža)

Macedonian: стража (straža)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: стра̑жа

Latin script: strȃža

Slovene: stráža (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: strážě

Czech: stráž

→ Polish: straż

Kashubian: starża

Old Polish: stróża

Slovak: stráž

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *sterg-.


pǫtьnikъ

pǫtьnikъ (nominative singular)
pǫtьnika (dual nominative)
pǫtьnici (nominative plural)
pǫtьnika (genitive singular)
pǫtьniku (dual genitive)
pǫtьnikъ (genitive plural)
pǫtьniku (dative singular)
pǫtьnikoma (dative dual)
pǫtьnikomъ (dative plural)
pǫtьnikъ (accusative singular)
pǫtьnika (accusative dual)
pǫtьniky (accusative plural)
pǫtьnikъmь (instrumental singular)
pǫtьnikomь (instrumental singular)
pǫtьnikoma (dual instrumental)
pǫtьniky (instrumental plural)
pǫtьnicě (locative singular)
pǫtьniku (dual locative)
pǫtьnicěxъ (locative plural)
pǫtьniče (singular vocative)
pǫtьnika (dual vocative)
pǫtьnici (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: путникъ (putnikŭ)

Old Ruthenian: пу́тникъ (pútnik)

Ukrainian: пу́тник (pútnyk)

Russian: пу́тник (pútnik)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: пѫтьникъ (pǫtĭnikŭ)

Bulgarian: пъ́тник (pǎ́tnik)

Macedonian: патник (patnik)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пу̑тнӣк

Latin script: pȗtnīk

Slovene: pǫ̑tnik (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: poutník

Old Polish: pątnik

Polish: pątnik (literary)

Silesian: pōntnik

Old Slovak: pútnik

Pannonian Rusyn: путнїк (putnjik)

Slovak: pútnik

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *pent-
Proto-Indo-European *póntoh₁s
Proto-Balto-Slavic *pántis
Proto-Slavic *pǫtь
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Slavic *-ьnъ
Proto-Slavic *-ikъ
Proto-Slavic *-ьnikъ
Proto-Slavic *pǫtьnikъ
From *pǫtь + *-ьnikъ.


podъkova

podъkova (nominative singular)
podъkově (dual nominative)
podъkovy (nominative plural)
podъkovy (genitive singular)
podъkovu (dual genitive)
podъkovъ (genitive plural)
podъkově (dative singular)
podъkovama (dative dual)
podъkovamъ (dative plural)
podъkovǫ (accusative singular)
podъkově (accusative dual)
podъkovy (accusative plural)
podъkovojǫ (instrumental singular)
podъkovǫ (instrumental singular)
podъkovama (dual instrumental)
podъkovami (instrumental plural)
podъkově (locative singular)
podъkovu (dual locative)
podъkovasъ (locative plural)
podъkovaxъ (locative plural)
podъkovo (singular vocative)
podъkově (dual vocative)
podъkovy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: падко́ва (padkóva)

Russian: подко́ва (podkóva)

Ukrainian: підко́ва (pidkóva)

Carpathian Rusyn: підкова (pidkova)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: подко́ва (podkóva)

⇒ Macedonian: потковица (potkovica)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: по̀ткова

Latin script: pòtkova

Slovene: pódkəv (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: podkova

Kashubian: pòdkòwa

Polish: podkowa

Slovak: podkova

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: podkowa

Upper Sorbian: podkowa

Non-Slavic:

→ Albanian: potkua

→ Romanian: potcoavă

From *podъ- + *kovati (“to forge”) (compare *podъ (“beneath, below”)).


něgati

a (accent-paradigm)
něganьje (noun-from-verb)
něgati (infinitive)
něgatъ (supine)
něgalъ (l-participle)
a (accent-paradigm)
něganъ (participle passive past)
něgajemъ (participle passive present)
něgavъ (active participle past)
něgaję (active participle present)
a (accent-paradigm)
něgaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
něga (aorist second-person singular)
něga (aorist singular third-person)
něgajǫ (first-person present singular)
něgaješi (present second-person singular)
něgajetь (present singular third-person)
něgaxově (aorist dual first-person)
něgasta (aorist dual second-person)
něgaste (aorist dual third-person)
něgajevě (dual first-person present)
něgajeta (dual present second-person)
něgajete (dual present third-person)
něgaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
něgaste (aorist plural second-person)
něgašę (aorist plural third-person)
něgajemъ (first-person plural present)
něgajete (plural present second-person)
něgajǫtь (plural present third-person)
něgaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
něgaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
něgaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
něgaji (imperative second-person singular)
něgaji (imperative singular third-person)
něgaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
něgaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
něgaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
něgajivě (dual first-person imperative)
něgajita (dual imperative second-person)
něgaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
něgaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
něgaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
něgajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
něgajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: не́гать (négatʹ) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: ńegati (dated, rare)

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *neygʷ- (“to wash”). Cognates include Ancient Greek νίζω (nízō, “to wash; to cleanse”), Latvian naigât (“to feel the need; to yearn for”).


zořa

zořà (canonical feminine)
zořa (nominative singular)
zoři (dual nominative)
zořę̇ (nominative plural)
zořę̇ (genitive singular)
zořu (dual genitive)
zořь (genitive plural)
zoři (dative singular)
zořama (dative dual)
zořamъ (dative plural)
zořǫ (accusative singular)
zoři (accusative dual)
zořę̇ (accusative plural)
zořejǫ (instrumental singular)
zořǫ (instrumental singular)
zořama (dual instrumental)
zořami (instrumental plural)
zoři (locative singular)
zořu (dual locative)
zořasъ (locative plural)
zořaxъ (locative plural)
zoře (singular vocative)
zoři (dual vocative)
zořę̇ (plural vocative)
*zařà (alternative)
*zorà (alternative)

East Slavic:

Russian: заря́ (zarjá), зоря́ (zorjá)

Ukrainian: зоря́ (zorjá)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

desc

Old Cyrillic script: зарꙗ (zarja), зорꙗ (zorja)

Bulgarian: заря́ (zarjá), зора́ (zorá)

Macedonian: зора (zora)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: зо̀ра

Latin script: zòra

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: zárja, zóra (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: zora, záře

Old Polish: zarza, zorza

Polish: zorza

Old Slovak: zora, žiara

Pannonian Rusyn: заря (zarja)

Slovak: zora, žiara

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: zoŕa

Related to *zьrěti (“to observe”). Cognate with Lithuanian žarà (“dawn, sunset, hot coal”), žarijà (“hot coal”) and Old Prussian sari (“glow”).


zьrcadlo

zьrcadlo (nominative singular)
zьrcadlě (dual nominative)
zьrcadla (nominative plural)
zьrcadla (genitive singular)
zьrcadlu (dual genitive)
zьrcadlъ (genitive plural)
zьrcadlu (dative singular)
zьrcadloma (dative dual)
zьrcadlomъ (dative plural)
zьrcadlo (accusative singular)
zьrcadlě (accusative dual)
zьrcadla (accusative plural)
zьrcadlъmь (instrumental singular)
zьrcadlomь (instrumental singular)
zьrcadloma (dual instrumental)
zьrcadly (instrumental plural)
zьrcadlě (locative singular)
zьrcadlu (dual locative)
zьrcadlěxъ (locative plural)
zьrcadlo (singular vocative)
zьrcadlě (dual vocative)
zьrcadla (plural vocative)
*zьrkadlo (alternative)

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: зе́ркало (zérkalo)

Ukrainian: дзе́ркало (dzérkalo)

desc

Russian: зерца́ло (zercálo) (dated, poetic), зе́ркало (zérkalo)

→ Karelian: zirkalo

→ Kildin Sami: зе̄ркал (zierkal)

→ Yakut: сиэркилэ (sierkile)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: зрьцало (zrĭcalo)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: зр̀цало

Latin script: zr̀calo

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: zrcálo, zrkálo, zŕkalo (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

desctree

Old Czech: zrcadlo, zrcadło (alternative writing)
Czech: zrcadlo

desc

Old Polish: źwierciadło, źwierzciadło, źwirciadło

Polish: zwierciadło, wierźciadło (Chełmno-Dobrzyń), wierciadło, zrciadło, zwiersiadło, zwierściadło, zwierzciadło, źwierciadło (Middle Polish)

Polabian: zarḱódlü

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: zwiercadło

Slovak: zrkadlo

From *zьrkati + *-dlo, a calque of Latin speculum.


načędlo

načędlo (nominative singular)
načędlě (dual nominative)
načędla (nominative plural)
načędla (genitive singular)
načędlu (dual genitive)
načędlъ (genitive plural)
načędlu (dative singular)
načędloma (dative dual)
načędlomъ (dative plural)
načędlo (accusative singular)
načędlě (accusative dual)
načędla (accusative plural)
načędlъmь (instrumental singular)
načędlomь (instrumental singular)
načędloma (dual instrumental)
načędly (instrumental plural)
načędlě (locative singular)
načędlu (dual locative)
načędlěxъ (locative plural)
načędlo (singular vocative)
načędlě (dual vocative)
načędla (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: начѧло (načęlo)

Glagolitic script: ⱀⰰⱍⱔⰾⱁ (načęlo)

Macedonian: начело (načelo)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: наче́ло

Latin script: načélo

Slovene: načélo (tonal orthography)


grotъ

grotъ (nominative singular)
grota (dual nominative)
groti (nominative plural)
grota (genitive singular)
grotu (dual genitive)
grotъ (genitive plural)
grotu (dative singular)
grotoma (dative dual)
grotomъ (dative plural)
grotъ (accusative singular)
grota (accusative dual)
groty (accusative plural)
grotъmь (instrumental singular)
grotomь (instrumental singular)
grotoma (dual instrumental)
groty (instrumental plural)
grotě (locative singular)
grotu (dual locative)
grotěxъ (locative plural)
grote (singular vocative)
grota (dual vocative)
groti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: грот (grot) (obsolete)

West Slavic:

Czech: hrot

Old Polish: grot

Polish: grot

Slovak: hrot

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁-. Akin to German Grat (“ridge, edge”), Gräte (“fishbone”) and Old High German grāt.


galǫzь

galǫzь (nominative singular)
galǫzi (dual nominative)
galǫzi (nominative plural)
galǫzi (genitive singular)
galǫzьju (dual genitive)
galǫzьjь (genitive plural)
galǫzi (dative singular)
galǫzьma (dative dual)
galǫzьmъ (dative plural)
galǫzь (accusative singular)
galǫzi (accusative dual)
galǫzi (accusative plural)
galǫzьjǫ (instrumental singular)
galǫzьma (dual instrumental)
galǫzьmi (instrumental plural)
galǫzi (locative singular)
galǫzьju (dual locative)
galǫzьxъ (locative plural)
galǫzi (singular vocative)
galǫzi (dual vocative)
galǫzi (plural vocative)
*galǫza (alternative)

East Slavic:

Russian: галу́за (galúza), га́лызь (gályzʹ)

Ukrainian: га́лузь (háluzʹ), галу́за (halúza)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: haluz, haluzě

Czech: haluz, haluze

Old Polish: gałąź

Polish: gałąź

Slovak: haluz

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: gałuz

Upper Sorbian: hałuza

Possibly from *galъ (“barren”) + *-ǫzь (cf. dial. Russian га́лый (gályj, “arid, desolate”)), from Proto-Indo-European *gelH-. Akin to Old Armenian կողր (kołr).


maslěnъ

maslěnъ (masculine nominative singular)
maslěna (feminine nominative singular)
maslěno (neuter nominative singular)
maslěna (genitive masculine singular)
maslěny (feminine genitive singular)
maslěna (genitive neuter singular)
maslěnu (dative masculine singular)
maslěně (dative feminine singular)
maslěnu (dative neuter singular)
maslěnъ (accusative masculine singular)
maslěnǫ (accusative feminine singular)
maslěno (accusative neuter singular)
maslěnomь (instrumental masculine singular)
maslěnojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
maslěnomь (instrumental neuter singular)
maslěně (locative masculine singular)
maslěně (feminine locative singular)
maslěně (locative neuter singular)
maslěne (masculine singular vocative)
maslěno (feminine singular vocative)
maslěno (neuter singular vocative)
maslěna (dual masculine nominative)
maslěně (dual feminine nominative)
maslěně (dual neuter nominative)
maslěnu (dual genitive masculine)
maslěnu (dual feminine genitive)
maslěnu (dual genitive neuter)
maslěnoma (dative dual masculine)
maslěnama (dative dual feminine)
maslěnoma (dative dual neuter)
maslěna (accusative dual masculine)
maslěně (accusative dual feminine)
maslěně (accusative dual neuter)
maslěnoma (dual instrumental masculine)
maslěnama (dual feminine instrumental)
maslěnoma (dual instrumental neuter)
maslěnu (dual locative masculine)
maslěnu (dual feminine locative)
maslěnu (dual locative neuter)
maslěna (dual masculine vocative)
maslěně (dual feminine vocative)
maslěně (dual neuter vocative)
maslěni (masculine nominative plural)
maslěny (feminine nominative plural)
maslěna (neuter nominative plural)
maslěnъ (genitive masculine plural)
maslěnъ (feminine genitive plural)
maslěnъ (genitive neuter plural)
maslěnomъ (dative masculine plural)
maslěnamъ (dative feminine plural)
maslěnomъ (dative neuter plural)
maslěny (accusative masculine plural)
maslěny (accusative feminine plural)
maslěna (accusative neuter plural)
maslěny (instrumental masculine plural)
maslěnami (feminine instrumental plural)
maslěny (instrumental neuter plural)
maslěněxъ (locative masculine plural)
maslěnaxъ (feminine locative plural)
maslěněxъ (locative neuter plural)
maslěni (masculine plural vocative)
maslěny (feminine plural vocative)
maslěna (neuter plural vocative)
maslěnъjь (masculine nominative singular)
maslěnaja (feminine nominative singular)
maslěnoje (neuter nominative singular)
maslěnajego (genitive masculine singular)
maslěnyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
maslěnajego (genitive neuter singular)
maslěnujemu (dative masculine singular)
maslěněji (dative feminine singular)
maslěnujemu (dative neuter singular)
maslěnъjь (accusative masculine singular)
maslěnǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
maslěnoje (accusative neuter singular)
maslěnyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
maslěnǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
maslěnyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
maslěnějemь (locative masculine singular)
maslěněji (feminine locative singular)
maslěnějemь (locative neuter singular)
maslěnъjь (masculine singular vocative)
maslěnaja (feminine singular vocative)
maslěnoje (neuter singular vocative)
maslěnaja (dual masculine nominative)
maslěněji (dual feminine nominative)
maslěněji (dual neuter nominative)
maslěnuju (dual genitive masculine)
maslěnuju (dual feminine genitive)
maslěnuju (dual genitive neuter)
maslěnyjima (dative dual masculine)
maslěnyjima (dative dual feminine)
maslěnyjima (dative dual neuter)
maslěnaja (accusative dual masculine)
maslěněji (accusative dual feminine)
maslěněji (accusative dual neuter)
maslěnyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
maslěnyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
maslěnyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
maslěnuju (dual locative masculine)
maslěnuju (dual feminine locative)
maslěnuju (dual locative neuter)
maslěnaja (dual masculine vocative)
maslěněji (dual feminine vocative)
maslěněji (dual neuter vocative)
maslěniji (masculine nominative plural)
maslěnyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
maslěnaja (neuter nominative plural)
maslěnъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
maslěnъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
maslěnъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
maslěnyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
maslěnyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
maslěnyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
maslěnyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
maslěnyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
maslěnaja (accusative neuter plural)
maslěnyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
maslěnyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
maslěnyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
maslěnyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
maslěnyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
maslěnyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
maslěniji (masculine plural vocative)
maslěnyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
maslěnaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: ма́слєный (másljenyj)

Belarusian: ма́сляны (másljany)

Ukrainian: ма́сляний (másljanyj)

Russian: ма́сляный (másljanyj)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: маслен (maslen)

Macedonian: маслен (maslen)

Serbo-Croatian: (dialectal)

Cyrillic script: маслен

Latin script: maslen

Slovene: maslén (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: máslený

Polabian: moslenĕ

Polish: maślany

Slovak: máslený


smъrčьkъ

smъrčьkъ (nominative singular)
smъrčьka (dual nominative)
smъrčьci (nominative plural)
smъrčьka (genitive singular)
smъrčьku (dual genitive)
smъrčьkъ (genitive plural)
smъrčьku (dative singular)
smъrčьkoma (dative dual)
smъrčьkomъ (dative plural)
smъrčьkъ (accusative singular)
smъrčьka (accusative dual)
smъrčьky (accusative plural)
smъrčьkъmь (instrumental singular)
smъrčьkomь (instrumental singular)
smъrčьkoma (dual instrumental)
smъrčьky (instrumental plural)
smъrčьcě (locative singular)
smъrčьku (dual locative)
smъrčьcěxъ (locative plural)
smъrčьče (singular vocative)
smъrčьka (dual vocative)
smъrčьci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: смарчок (smarčók)

Russian: сморчо́к (smorčók)

Ukrainian: змо́ршок (zmóršok)

South Slavic:

Macedonian: смрчак (smrčak)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: смр́чак

Latin script: smŕčak

Slovene: smȓčək (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: smrček

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: szömörcsög


studenьcь

studenьcь (nominative singular)
studenьca (dual nominative)
studenьci (nominative plural)
studenьca (genitive singular)
studenьcu (dual genitive)
studenьcь (genitive plural)
studenьcu (dative singular)
studenьcema (dative dual)
studenьcemъ (dative plural)
studenьcь (accusative singular)
studenьca (accusative dual)
studenьcę̇ (accusative plural)
studenьcьmь (instrumental singular)
studenьcemь (instrumental singular)
studenьcema (dual instrumental)
studenьci (instrumental plural)
studenьci (locative singular)
studenьcu (dual locative)
studenьcixъ (locative plural)
studenьče (singular vocative)
studenьca (dual vocative)
studenьci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: студеньць (studenĭcĭ)

Belarusian: студзень (studzjenʹ)

Russian: студене́ц (studenéc)

Ukrainian: студени́ця (studenýcja)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

desc

Old Cyrillic script: стоуденьць (studenĭcĭ)

Bulgarian: студенец (studenec) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: студе́нац

Latin script: studénac

Slovene: studénəc (tonal orthography)

From *studenъ (“cold”) + *-ьcь, from *studъ (“cold, shame”).


čarodějь

čarodějь (nominative singular)
čaroděja (dual nominative)
čaroději (nominative plural)
čaroděja (genitive singular)
čaroděju (dual genitive)
čarodějь (genitive plural)
čaroděju (dative singular)
čarodějema (dative dual)
čarodějemъ (dative plural)
čarodějь (accusative singular)
čaroděja (accusative dual)
čaroděję̇ (accusative plural)
čarodějьmь (instrumental singular)
čarodějemь (instrumental singular)
čarodějema (dual instrumental)
čaroději (instrumental plural)
čaroději (locative singular)
čaroděju (dual locative)
čarodějixъ (locative plural)
čaroděju (singular vocative)
čaroděja (dual vocative)
čaroději (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: чародѣи (čaroděi)

Old Ruthenian: чародѣй (čaroděj)

Belarusian: чарадзе́й (čaradzjéj)

Ukrainian: чароді́й (čarodíj)

Russian: чароде́й (čarodéj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⱍⰰⱃⱁⰴⱑⰻ (čaroděi)

Old Cyrillic script: чародѣи (čaroděi)

Slovene: čarodèj (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: čaroděj

Polish: czarodziej

Old Slovak: *čarodej

Pannonian Rusyn: чародїй (čarodjij)

Slovak: čarodej

From *čarъ + *-dějь, the second element being derived from *dějati (“to do”).


oržьnъ

oržьnъ (nominative singular)
oržьna (dual nominative)
oržьni (nominative plural)
oržьna (genitive singular)
oržьnu (dual genitive)
oržьnъ (genitive plural)
oržьnu (dative singular)
oržьnoma (dative dual)
oržьnomъ (dative plural)
oržьnъ (accusative singular)
oržьna (accusative dual)
oržьny (accusative plural)
oržьnъmь (instrumental singular)
oržьnomь (instrumental singular)
oržьnoma (dual instrumental)
oržьny (instrumental plural)
oržьně (locative singular)
oržьnu (dual locative)
oržьněxъ (locative plural)
oržьne (singular vocative)
oržьna (dual vocative)
oržьni (plural vocative)
*oržьnь (alternative)

East Slavic:

Russian: рожо́н (rožón)

Ukrainian: роже́н (rožén)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Russian Church Slavonic ражьнъ, раждьнъ (ražĭnŭ, raždĭnŭ)

Bulgarian: ръже́н (rǎžén)

Macedonian: ражен (ražen)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ра́жањ

Latin script: rážanj

Slovene: rážənj (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: rožeň

Old Polish: rożen

Polish: rożen

Slovak: ražeň

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: rоžеń, rоžоn

Upper Sorbian: rоžеń


prǫga

prǫga (nominative singular)
prǫdzě (dual nominative)
prǫgy (nominative plural)
prǫgy (genitive singular)
prǫgu (dual genitive)
prǫgъ (genitive plural)
prǫdzě (dative singular)
prǫgama (dative dual)
prǫgamъ (dative plural)
prǫgǫ (accusative singular)
prǫdzě (accusative dual)
prǫgy (accusative plural)
prǫgojǫ (instrumental singular)
prǫgǫ (instrumental singular)
prǫgama (dual instrumental)
prǫgami (instrumental plural)
prǫdzě (locative singular)
prǫgu (dual locative)
prǫgasъ (locative plural)
prǫgaxъ (locative plural)
prǫgo (singular vocative)
prǫdzě (dual vocative)
prǫgy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: пру́га (prúga)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пру́га

Latin script: prúga

Slovene: próga (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: prouha

Old Polish: prąga

Polish: pręga

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: рšugа

Upper Sorbian: pruha


postъ

pòstъ (nominative singular)
postà (dual nominative)
postì (nominative plural)
postà (genitive singular)
postù (dual genitive)
pòstъ (genitive plural)
postù (dative singular)
postòma (dative dual)
postòmъ (dative plural)
pòstъ (accusative singular)
postà (accusative dual)
postỳ (accusative plural)
postъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
postòmь (instrumental singular)
postòma (dual instrumental)
pòsty (instrumental plural)
postě̀ (locative singular)
postù (dual locative)
pòstěxъ (locative plural)
poste (singular vocative)
postà (dual vocative)
postì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: постъ (postŭ)

Belarusian: пост (post)

Russian: пост (post)

Ukrainian: піст (pist)

Carpathian Rusyn: піст (pist)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: постъ (postŭ)

Bulgarian: пост (post)

Macedonian: пост (post)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: по̑ст

Latin script: pȏst

Slovene: pȍst (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: půst

Kashubian: pòst

Polish: post

Slovak: pôst

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: spót

Upper Sorbian: póst

→ Romanian: post (“fasting”)

→ Yiddish: פּאָסט (post)

Borrowed from Proto-West Germanic *fastā, *fastu (“fast, fasting”).


šata

šata (nominative singular)
šatě (dual nominative)
šaty (nominative plural)
šaty (genitive singular)
šatu (dual genitive)
šatъ (genitive plural)
šatě (dative singular)
šatama (dative dual)
šatamъ (dative plural)
šatǫ (accusative singular)
šatě (accusative dual)
šaty (accusative plural)
šatojǫ (instrumental singular)
šatǫ (instrumental singular)
šatama (dual instrumental)
šatami (instrumental plural)
šatě (locative singular)
šatu (dual locative)
šatasъ (locative plural)
šataxъ (locative plural)
šato (singular vocative)
šatě (dual vocative)
šaty (plural vocative)
*šatъ (alternative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: ша́та (šáta)

Russian: ша́та (šáta) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: ша́та (šáta)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: šata

Old Polish: szata

Polish: szata

Slovak: šata, šaty pl

Slovincian: szata

Borrowed from Proto-West Germanic *hāt (“garment, dress”).

bor

(North Slavic) clothes; vestment, robe, gown


remeslo

remeslo (nominative singular)
remeslě (dual nominative)
remesla (nominative plural)
remesla (genitive singular)
remeslu (dual genitive)
remeslъ (genitive plural)
remeslu (dative singular)
remesloma (dative dual)
remeslomъ (dative plural)
remeslo (accusative singular)
remeslě (accusative dual)
remesla (accusative plural)
remeslъmь (instrumental singular)
remeslomь (instrumental singular)
remesloma (dual instrumental)
remesly (instrumental plural)
remeslě (locative singular)
remeslu (dual locative)
remeslěxъ (locative plural)
remeslo (singular vocative)
remeslě (dual vocative)
remesla (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Belarusian: рамясло́ (ramjasló), рамяство (ramjastvó)

Russian: ремесло́ (remesló)

Ukrainian: ремесло́ (remesló), ремество́ (remestvó)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: ремьство (remĭstvo)

West Slavic:

Czech: řemeslo

Kashubian: rzemiãsło

Old Polish: rzemięsło, rzemiesło

Polish: rzemiosło

Silesian: rzymiosło

Slovak: remeslo

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: rjemjesło

Lower Sorbian: ŕeḿesło

Akin to Latvian remesis and Old Lithuanian remẽsas.


čьbanъ

čьbanъ (nominative singular)
čьbana (dual nominative)
čьbani (nominative plural)
čьbana (genitive singular)
čьbanu (dual genitive)
čьbanъ (genitive plural)
čьbanu (dative singular)
čьbanoma (dative dual)
čьbanomъ (dative plural)
čьbanъ (accusative singular)
čьbana (accusative dual)
čьbany (accusative plural)
čьbanъmь (instrumental singular)
čьbanomь (instrumental singular)
čьbanoma (dual instrumental)
čьbany (instrumental plural)
čьbaně (locative singular)
čьbanu (dual locative)
čьbaněxъ (locative plural)
čьbane (singular vocative)
čьbana (dual vocative)
čьbani (plural vocative)
*čьvanъ (alternative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: жбан (žban)

Russian: жбан (žban)

→ Yakut: жбан (zhban)

Ukrainian: джбан (džban), чоба́н (čobán)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Russian Church Slavonic: чьбанъ (čĭbanŭ)

Bulgarian: джибан (džiban), джубан (džuban) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: джба̏н, жба̏н

Latin script: džban, žban

West Slavic:

Old Czech: čbán

Czech: džbán

Kashubian: zbón

desctree

Old Polish: dzban, czban, zban
Polish: dzban
→ Belarusian: збан (zban)
→ Ukrainian: дзбан (dzban), збан (zban)
Silesian: zbōn

Slovak: džbán

Unclear:
* Vasmer, Trubačev relate it to Lithuanian ki̇̀biras (“bucket”), Latvian ciba (“small keg for milk”), which have been compared with Ancient Greek κίβος (kíbos, “chest”);
* Mladenov alternatively draws comparison with Ancient Greek κύμβη (kúmbē), Latin cumba, German Humpen, Sanskrit कुम्भ (kumbhá), Avestan 𐬑𐬎𐬨𐬠𐬀 (xumba) which are more often associated with similarly unclear Proto-Slavic *kubъ / *kǫbъ.


vinogordъ

vinogordъ (nominative singular)
vinogorda (dual nominative)
vinogordi (nominative plural)
vinogorda (genitive singular)
vinogordu (dual genitive)
vinogordъ (genitive plural)
vinogordu (dative singular)
vinogordoma (dative dual)
vinogordomъ (dative plural)
vinogordъ (accusative singular)
vinogorda (accusative dual)
vinogordy (accusative plural)
vinogordъmь (instrumental singular)
vinogordomь (instrumental singular)
vinogordoma (dual instrumental)
vinogordy (instrumental plural)
vinogordě (locative singular)
vinogordu (dual locative)
vinogorděxъ (locative plural)
vinogorde (singular vocative)
vinogorda (dual vocative)
vinogordi (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

desc

Old Cyrillic script: виноградъ (vinogradŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰲⰻⱀⱁⰳⱃⰰⰴⱏ (vinogradŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: вѝногра̄д

Latin script: vìnogrād

Slovene: vinọ́grad (tonal orthography)

Rovte dialect (Črni vrh, Idrija): we̥nȗəγrḁt

Lower Carniolan (Kostel dialect): viˈnọːgrat

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vinohrad

Czech: vinohrad

→ Old Polish: winograd

Polish: winograd

Slovak: vinohrad

From *vino + *gordъ. Calque of Gothic 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌳𐍃 (weinagards).


gorьčica

gorьčica (nominative singular)
gorьčici (dual nominative)
gorьčicę̇ (nominative plural)
gorьčicę̇ (genitive singular)
gorьčicu (dual genitive)
gorьčicь (genitive plural)
gorьčici (dative singular)
gorьčicama (dative dual)
gorьčicamъ (dative plural)
gorьčicǫ (accusative singular)
gorьčici (accusative dual)
gorьčicę̇ (accusative plural)
gorьčicejǫ (instrumental singular)
gorьčicǫ (instrumental singular)
gorьčicama (dual instrumental)
gorьčicami (instrumental plural)
gorьčici (locative singular)
gorьčicu (dual locative)
gorьčicasъ (locative plural)
gorьčicaxъ (locative plural)
gorьčice (singular vocative)
gorьčici (dual vocative)
gorьčicę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: гарчы́ца (harčýca)

Russian: горчи́ца (gorčíca)

→ Yakut: горчица (gorcitsa)

Ukrainian: гірчи́ця (hirčýcja)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: горчи́ца (gorčíca)

Slovene: gọ̑rčica (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: hořčice

Polish: gorczyca

Slovak: horčica


grěšьnъ

grěšьnъ (masculine nominative singular)
grěšьna (feminine nominative singular)
grěšьno (neuter nominative singular)
grěšьna (genitive masculine singular)
grěšьny (feminine genitive singular)
grěšьna (genitive neuter singular)
grěšьnu (dative masculine singular)
grěšьně (dative feminine singular)
grěšьnu (dative neuter singular)
grěšьnъ (accusative masculine singular)
grěšьnǫ (accusative feminine singular)
grěšьno (accusative neuter singular)
grěšьnomь (instrumental masculine singular)
grěšьnojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
grěšьnomь (instrumental neuter singular)
grěšьně (locative masculine singular)
grěšьně (feminine locative singular)
grěšьně (locative neuter singular)
grěšьne (masculine singular vocative)
grěšьno (feminine singular vocative)
grěšьno (neuter singular vocative)
grěšьna (dual masculine nominative)
grěšьně (dual feminine nominative)
grěšьně (dual neuter nominative)
grěšьnu (dual genitive masculine)
grěšьnu (dual feminine genitive)
grěšьnu (dual genitive neuter)
grěšьnoma (dative dual masculine)
grěšьnama (dative dual feminine)
grěšьnoma (dative dual neuter)
grěšьna (accusative dual masculine)
grěšьně (accusative dual feminine)
grěšьně (accusative dual neuter)
grěšьnoma (dual instrumental masculine)
grěšьnama (dual feminine instrumental)
grěšьnoma (dual instrumental neuter)
grěšьnu (dual locative masculine)
grěšьnu (dual feminine locative)
grěšьnu (dual locative neuter)
grěšьna (dual masculine vocative)
grěšьně (dual feminine vocative)
grěšьně (dual neuter vocative)
grěšьni (masculine nominative plural)
grěšьny (feminine nominative plural)
grěšьna (neuter nominative plural)
grěšьnъ (genitive masculine plural)
grěšьnъ (feminine genitive plural)
grěšьnъ (genitive neuter plural)
grěšьnomъ (dative masculine plural)
grěšьnamъ (dative feminine plural)
grěšьnomъ (dative neuter plural)
grěšьny (accusative masculine plural)
grěšьny (accusative feminine plural)
grěšьna (accusative neuter plural)
grěšьny (instrumental masculine plural)
grěšьnami (feminine instrumental plural)
grěšьny (instrumental neuter plural)
grěšьněxъ (locative masculine plural)
grěšьnaxъ (feminine locative plural)
grěšьněxъ (locative neuter plural)
grěšьni (masculine plural vocative)
grěšьny (feminine plural vocative)
grěšьna (neuter plural vocative)
grěšьnъjь (masculine nominative singular)
grěšьnaja (feminine nominative singular)
grěšьnoje (neuter nominative singular)
grěšьnajego (genitive masculine singular)
grěšьnyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
grěšьnajego (genitive neuter singular)
grěšьnujemu (dative masculine singular)
grěšьněji (dative feminine singular)
grěšьnujemu (dative neuter singular)
grěšьnъjь (accusative masculine singular)
grěšьnǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
grěšьnoje (accusative neuter singular)
grěšьnyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
grěšьnǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
grěšьnyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
grěšьnějemь (locative masculine singular)
grěšьněji (feminine locative singular)
grěšьnějemь (locative neuter singular)
grěšьnъjь (masculine singular vocative)
grěšьnaja (feminine singular vocative)
grěšьnoje (neuter singular vocative)
grěšьnaja (dual masculine nominative)
grěšьněji (dual feminine nominative)
grěšьněji (dual neuter nominative)
grěšьnuju (dual genitive masculine)
grěšьnuju (dual feminine genitive)
grěšьnuju (dual genitive neuter)
grěšьnyjima (dative dual masculine)
grěšьnyjima (dative dual feminine)
grěšьnyjima (dative dual neuter)
grěšьnaja (accusative dual masculine)
grěšьněji (accusative dual feminine)
grěšьněji (accusative dual neuter)
grěšьnyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
grěšьnyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
grěšьnyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
grěšьnuju (dual locative masculine)
grěšьnuju (dual feminine locative)
grěšьnuju (dual locative neuter)
grěšьnaja (dual masculine vocative)
grěšьněji (dual feminine vocative)
grěšьněji (dual neuter vocative)
grěšьniji (masculine nominative plural)
grěšьnyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
grěšьnaja (neuter nominative plural)
grěšьnъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
grěšьnъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
grěšьnъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
grěšьnyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
grěšьnyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
grěšьnyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
grěšьnyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
grěšьnyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
grěšьnaja (accusative neuter plural)
grěšьnyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
grěšьnyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
grěšьnyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
grěšьnyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
grěšьnyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
grěšьnyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
grěšьniji (masculine plural vocative)
grěšьnyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
grěšьnaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: грѣшьнъ (grěšĭnŭ)

Old Ruthenian: грѣ́шный (hrě́šnyj)

Belarusian: грэ́шны (hréšny)

Ukrainian: грі́шний (hríšnyj)

Russian: гре́шный (gréšnyj)

Old Novgorodian: грѣшьне (grěšĭne)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: грѣшьнъ (grěšĭnŭ)

Macedonian: грешен (grešen)

Serbo-Croatian:

desc

Cyrillic script: гре̏шан, грије̏шан

Cyrillic script: гре̏шан, грије̏шан

Latin script: grešan, griješan

Slovene: gréšen (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: hřiešný

Czech: hříšný

Polish: grzeszny

Pomeranian:

Slovincian: grzeszny

Old Slovak: hréšny, hriešny, hríšny

Pannonian Rusyn: гришни (hrišni)

Slovak: hriešny

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: grěšny

Upper Sorbian: hrěšny


migъ

migъ (nominative singular)
miga (dual nominative)
midzi (nominative plural)
miga (genitive singular)
migu (dual genitive)
migъ (genitive plural)
migu (dative singular)
migoma (dative dual)
migomъ (dative plural)
migъ (accusative singular)
miga (accusative dual)
migy (accusative plural)
migъmь (instrumental singular)
migomь (instrumental singular)
migoma (dual instrumental)
migy (instrumental plural)
midzě (locative singular)
migu (dual locative)
midzěxъ (locative plural)
miže (singular vocative)
miga (dual vocative)
midzi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: мiг (mih)

Russian: миг (mig)

Ukrainian: миг (myh)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: миг (mig)

Macedonian: миг (mig)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ми̑г

Latin script: mȋg

Slovene: mȋg (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: mih

Polish: mig

Slovak: mih

It can be analyzed аs a verbal noun of *migati.


skarędъ

skarędъ (masculine nominative singular)
skaręda (feminine nominative singular)
skarędo (neuter nominative singular)
skaręda (genitive masculine singular)
skarędy (feminine genitive singular)
skaręda (genitive neuter singular)
skarędu (dative masculine singular)
skarędě (dative feminine singular)
skarędu (dative neuter singular)
skarędъ (accusative masculine singular)
skarędǫ (accusative feminine singular)
skarędo (accusative neuter singular)
skarędomь (instrumental masculine singular)
skarędojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
skarędomь (instrumental neuter singular)
skarędě (locative masculine singular)
skarędě (feminine locative singular)
skarędě (locative neuter singular)
skaręde (masculine singular vocative)
skarędo (feminine singular vocative)
skarędo (neuter singular vocative)
skaręda (dual masculine nominative)
skarędě (dual feminine nominative)
skarędě (dual neuter nominative)
skarędu (dual genitive masculine)
skarędu (dual feminine genitive)
skarędu (dual genitive neuter)
skarędoma (dative dual masculine)
skarędama (dative dual feminine)
skarędoma (dative dual neuter)
skaręda (accusative dual masculine)
skarędě (accusative dual feminine)
skarędě (accusative dual neuter)
skarędoma (dual instrumental masculine)
skarędama (dual feminine instrumental)
skarędoma (dual instrumental neuter)
skarędu (dual locative masculine)
skarędu (dual feminine locative)
skarędu (dual locative neuter)
skaręda (dual masculine vocative)
skarędě (dual feminine vocative)
skarędě (dual neuter vocative)
skarędi (masculine nominative plural)
skarędy (feminine nominative plural)
skaręda (neuter nominative plural)
skarędъ (genitive masculine plural)
skarędъ (feminine genitive plural)
skarędъ (genitive neuter plural)
skarędomъ (dative masculine plural)
skarędamъ (dative feminine plural)
skarędomъ (dative neuter plural)
skarędy (accusative masculine plural)
skarędy (accusative feminine plural)
skaręda (accusative neuter plural)
skarędy (instrumental masculine plural)
skarędami (feminine instrumental plural)
skarędy (instrumental neuter plural)
skaręděxъ (locative masculine plural)
skarędaxъ (feminine locative plural)
skaręděxъ (locative neuter plural)
skarędi (masculine plural vocative)
skarędy (feminine plural vocative)
skaręda (neuter plural vocative)
skarędъjь (masculine nominative singular)
skarędaja (feminine nominative singular)
skarędoje (neuter nominative singular)
skarędajego (genitive masculine singular)
skarędyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
skarędajego (genitive neuter singular)
skarędujemu (dative masculine singular)
skaręději (dative feminine singular)
skarędujemu (dative neuter singular)
skarędъjь (accusative masculine singular)
skarędǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
skarędoje (accusative neuter singular)
skarędyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
skarędǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
skarędyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
skarędějemь (locative masculine singular)
skaręději (feminine locative singular)
skarędějemь (locative neuter singular)
skarędъjь (masculine singular vocative)
skarędaja (feminine singular vocative)
skarędoje (neuter singular vocative)
skarędaja (dual masculine nominative)
skaręději (dual feminine nominative)
skaręději (dual neuter nominative)
skaręduju (dual genitive masculine)
skaręduju (dual feminine genitive)
skaręduju (dual genitive neuter)
skarędyjima (dative dual masculine)
skarędyjima (dative dual feminine)
skarędyjima (dative dual neuter)
skarędaja (accusative dual masculine)
skaręději (accusative dual feminine)
skaręději (accusative dual neuter)
skarędyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
skarędyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
skarędyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
skaręduju (dual locative masculine)
skaręduju (dual feminine locative)
skaręduju (dual locative neuter)
skarędaja (dual masculine vocative)
skaręději (dual feminine vocative)
skaręději (dual neuter vocative)
skarędiji (masculine nominative plural)
skarędyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
skarędaja (neuter nominative plural)
skarędъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
skarędъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
skarędъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
skarędyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
skarędyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
skarędyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
skarędyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
skarędyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
skarędaja (accusative neuter plural)
skarędyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
skarędyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
skarędyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
skarędyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
skarędyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
skarędyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
skarędiji (masculine plural vocative)
skarędyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
skarędaja (neuter plural vocative)
*skaradъ (alternative)
*skarědъ (alternative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: скарѧдъ (skarędŭ), скарѣдъ (skarědŭ)

⇒ Russian: ска́ред (skáred)

⇒ Russian: ска́редный (skárednyj)

South Slavic:

⇒ Old Church Slavonic:

Serbian Church Slavonic скарѧдь (skarędĭ)

⇒ Macedonian: скареден (skareden) (archaic, literary)

⇒ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ска̏редан

Latin script: skȁredan

West Slavic:

Czech: škaredý

⇒ Czech: škareda

Old Polish: skarady, skaredy, skarzady

⇒ Polish: szkarada

⇒ Polish: szkaradny

Slovak: škaredý

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: škaŕedy

⇒ Lower Sorbian: škaŕeda

⇒ Upper Sorbian: škerjeda

Possibly derived from Proto-Indo-European *sḱṓr pl (“excrements”) + *-ędъ. Cognates include Ancient Greek σκῶρ (skôr), Latin -cerda, Proto-Germanic *skarną and Sanskrit अवस्कर (avaskara).


trěskъ

trěskъ (nominative singular)
trěska (dual nominative)
trěsci (nominative plural)
trěska (genitive singular)
trěsku (dual genitive)
trěskъ (genitive plural)
trěsku (dative singular)
trěskoma (dative dual)
trěskomъ (dative plural)
trěskъ (accusative singular)
trěska (accusative dual)
trěsky (accusative plural)
trěskъmь (instrumental singular)
trěskomь (instrumental singular)
trěskoma (dual instrumental)
trěsky (instrumental plural)
trěscě (locative singular)
trěsku (dual locative)
trěscěxъ (locative plural)
trěšče (singular vocative)
trěska (dual vocative)
trěsci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: трѣскъ (trěskŭ)

Russian: треск (tresk)

Ukrainian: трiск (trisk)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: трѣскъ (trěskŭ)

Bulgarian: тря̀сък (trjàsǎk)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: три̏jесак

Slovene: trệsk (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: třesk

Polish: trzask

Slovak: tresk

Akin to Lithuanian traškà, Latvian trašk̨is. Further compare Gothic 𐌸𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌽 (þriskan).


navykъ

navykъ (nominative singular)
navyka (dual nominative)
navyci (nominative plural)
navyka (genitive singular)
navyku (dual genitive)
navykъ (genitive plural)
navyku (dative singular)
navykoma (dative dual)
navykomъ (dative plural)
navykъ (accusative singular)
navyka (accusative dual)
navyky (accusative plural)
navykъmь (instrumental singular)
navykomь (instrumental singular)
navykoma (dual instrumental)
navyky (instrumental plural)
navycě (locative singular)
navyku (dual locative)
navycěxъ (locative plural)
navyče (singular vocative)
navyka (dual vocative)
navyci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: на́вык (návyk)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: на́вик (návik)

Macedonian: навика f (navika)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: на̑вика f

Latin script: nȃvika f

West Slavic:

Czech: návyk

Polish: nawyk

Slovak: návyk


tajьna

tajьna (nominative singular)
tajьně (dual nominative)
tajьny (nominative plural)
tajьny (genitive singular)
tajьnu (dual genitive)
tajьnъ (genitive plural)
tajьně (dative singular)
tajьnama (dative dual)
tajьnamъ (dative plural)
tajьnǫ (accusative singular)
tajьně (accusative dual)
tajьny (accusative plural)
tajьnojǫ (instrumental singular)
tajьnǫ (instrumental singular)
tajьnama (dual instrumental)
tajьnami (instrumental plural)
tajьně (locative singular)
tajьnu (dual locative)
tajьnasъ (locative plural)
tajьnaxъ (locative plural)
tajьno (singular vocative)
tajьně (dual vocative)
tajьny (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: таина (taina)

Belarusian: та́йна (tájna)

Russian: та́йна (tájna)

Ukrainian: та́йна (tájna)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: та́йна (tájna)

Macedonian: тајна (tajna)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: та̑јна

Latin script: tȃjna

Slovene: tájna (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Slovak: tajna

Pannonian Rusyn: тайна (tajna)


ščeka

ščeka (nominative singular)
ščecě (dual nominative)
ščeky (nominative plural)
ščeky (genitive singular)
ščeku (dual genitive)
ščekъ (genitive plural)
ščecě (dative singular)
ščekama (dative dual)
ščekamъ (dative plural)
ščekǫ (accusative singular)
ščecě (accusative dual)
ščeky (accusative plural)
ščekojǫ (instrumental singular)
ščekǫ (instrumental singular)
ščekama (dual instrumental)
ščekami (instrumental plural)
ščecě (locative singular)
ščeku (dual locative)
ščekasъ (locative plural)
ščekaxъ (locative plural)
ščeko (singular vocative)
ščecě (dual vocative)
ščeky (plural vocative)
*ščęka (alternative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: шчака́ (ščaká)

Russian: щека́ (ščeká)

Ukrainian: щока́ (ščoká)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: szczãka

Polish: szczęka

Possible cognates include Old Norse skagi (“low cape, ness”) and skegg (“beard”).


stǫpenь

stǫpenь (nominative singular)
stǫpeni (dual nominative)
stǫpenьje (nominative plural)
stǫpeni (genitive singular)
stǫpenьju (dual genitive)
stǫpenьjь (genitive plural)
stǫpeni (dative singular)
stǫpenьma (dative dual)
stǫpenьmъ (dative plural)
stǫpenь (accusative singular)
stǫpeni (accusative dual)
stǫpeni (accusative plural)
stǫpenьmь (instrumental singular)
stǫpenьma (dual instrumental)
stǫpenьmi (instrumental plural)
stǫpeni (locative singular)
stǫpenьju (dual locative)
stǫpenьxъ (locative plural)
stǫpeni (singular vocative)
stǫpeni (dual vocative)
stǫpenьje (plural vocative)
stǫpenь (nominative singular)
stǫpeni (dual nominative)
stǫpeni (nominative plural)
stǫpeni (genitive singular)
stǫpenьju (dual genitive)
stǫpenьjь (genitive plural)
stǫpeni (dative singular)
stǫpenьma (dative dual)
stǫpenьmъ (dative plural)
stǫpenь (accusative singular)
stǫpeni (accusative dual)
stǫpeni (accusative plural)
stǫpenьjǫ (instrumental singular)
stǫpenьma (dual instrumental)
stǫpenьmi (instrumental plural)
stǫpeni (locative singular)
stǫpenьju (dual locative)
stǫpenьxъ (locative plural)
stǫpeni (singular vocative)
stǫpeni (dual vocative)
stǫpeni (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: ступе́нь (stupjénʹ)

Russian: ступе́нь (stupénʹ)

Ukrainian: сту́пінь (stúpinʹ)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: стъ́пен (stǎ́pen)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сту̑пањ

Latin script: stȗpanj

Slovene: stȯ́pənj (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: stupeň

Old Slovak: stupeň

Pannonian Rusyn: ступень (stupenʹ)

Slovak: stupeň

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: stuṕeń (“felt boot”)

Upper Sorbian: stupjeń (“felt boot”)

From the same root as *stǫpiti (“to step, tread”). Sorbian forms might instead be derived from Proto-Slavic *stǫpьnь and therefore be cognate to dialectal Russian сту́пень (stúpenʹ, “type of footwear”).


Trigolvъ

Trigolvъ (nominative singular)
Trigolva (dual nominative)
Trigolvi (nominative plural)
Trigolva (genitive singular)
Trigolvu (dual genitive)
Trigolvъ (genitive plural)
Trigolvu (dative singular)
Trigolvomъ (dative plural)
Trigolvъ (accusative singular)
Trigolva (accusative dual)
Trigolvy (accusative plural)
Trigolvy (instrumental plural)
Trigolvě (locative singular)
Trigolvu (dual locative)
Trigolvěxъ (locative plural)
Trigolve (singular vocative)
Trigolva (dual vocative)
Trigolvi (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: Триглав (Triglav, oronym)

>? Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: Troglav (oronym)

Cyrillic script: Троглав (oronym)

Slovene: Triglav; Triglav (some stone) (с. 1322)

West Slavic:

>? Old Polish:

>? Polish: Trzygłów (toponym)

Pomeranian:

→ Medieval Latin: Trigelawus (learned) (see there for further descendants)


porędъkъ

porędъkъ (nominative singular)
porędъka (dual nominative)
porędъci (nominative plural)
porędъka (genitive singular)
porędъku (dual genitive)
porędъkъ (genitive plural)
porędъku (dative singular)
porędъkoma (dative dual)
porędъkomъ (dative plural)
porędъkъ (accusative singular)
porędъka (accusative dual)
porędъky (accusative plural)
porędъkъmь (instrumental singular)
porędъkomь (instrumental singular)
porędъkoma (dual instrumental)
porędъky (instrumental plural)
porędъcě (locative singular)
porędъku (dual locative)
porędъcěxъ (locative plural)
porędъče (singular vocative)
porędъka (dual vocative)
porędъci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: пара́дак (parádak)

Russian: поря́док (porjádok)

→ Bulgarian: поря́дък (porjádǎk)

Ukrainian: поря́док (porjádok)

South Slavic:

Macedonian: поредок (poredok)

West Slavic:

Lechitic:

Polish: porządek

Silesian: porzōndek

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: pòrządk

Slovincian: pôrzõdk

Czech: pořádek

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: по̀редак

Latin script: pòredak

desc

Old Slovak: porádek, poriadek, poriädek, porádok, poriadok, poriädok

Pannonian Rusyn: порядок (porjadok)

Slovak: poriadok

From *poręditi (“to line up, put in order”) + *-ъkъ, the former from *po- (“after, by”) + *ręditi (“to arrange, order”).


orvьnina

orvьnina (nominative singular)
orvьnině (dual nominative)
orvьniny (nominative plural)
orvьniny (genitive singular)
orvьninu (dual genitive)
orvьninъ (genitive plural)
orvьnině (dative singular)
orvьninama (dative dual)
orvьninamъ (dative plural)
orvьninǫ (accusative singular)
orvьnině (accusative dual)
orvьniny (accusative plural)
orvьninojǫ (instrumental singular)
orvьninǫ (instrumental singular)
orvьninama (dual instrumental)
orvьninami (instrumental plural)
orvьnině (locative singular)
orvьninu (dual locative)
orvьninasъ (locative plural)
orvьninaxъ (locative plural)
orvьnino (singular vocative)
orvьnině (dual vocative)
orvьniny (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: раўні́на (raŭnína)

Russian: равни́на (ravnína)

Ukrainian: рівни́на (rivnýna)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: равнина́ (ravniná)

Macedonian: рамнина (ramnina)

West Slavic:

Czech: rovina

Polish: równina

Slovak: rovina


zъloba

zъloba (nominative singular)
zъlobě (dual nominative)
zъloby (nominative plural)
zъloby (genitive singular)
zъlobu (dual genitive)
zъlobъ (genitive plural)
zъlobě (dative singular)
zъlobama (dative dual)
zъlobamъ (dative plural)
zъlobǫ (accusative singular)
zъlobě (accusative dual)
zъloby (accusative plural)
zъlobojǫ (instrumental singular)
zъlobǫ (instrumental singular)
zъlobama (dual instrumental)
zъlobami (instrumental plural)
zъlobě (locative singular)
zъlobu (dual locative)
zъlobasъ (locative plural)
zъlobaxъ (locative plural)
zъlobo (singular vocative)
zъlobě (dual vocative)
zъloby (plural vocative)

East Slavic

Old East Slavic: зълоба (zŭloba)

Russian: зло́ба (zlóba)

desc

Ukrainian: зло́ба (zlóba), злоба́ (zlobá)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: зълоба (zŭloba)

Bulgarian: злоба (zloba)

Macedonian: злоба (zloba)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: зло̀ба

Latin script: zlòba

West Slavic:

Czech: zloba

Old Polish: zgłoba, złoba

Polish: złoba (obsolete)

Old Slovak:

Pannonian Rusyn: злоба (zloba)


potopъ

potopъ (nominative singular)
potopa (dual nominative)
potopi (nominative plural)
potopa (genitive singular)
potopu (dual genitive)
potopъ (genitive plural)
potopu (dative singular)
potopoma (dative dual)
potopomъ (dative plural)
potopъ (accusative singular)
potopa (accusative dual)
potopy (accusative plural)
potopъmь (instrumental singular)
potopomь (instrumental singular)
potopoma (dual instrumental)
potopy (instrumental plural)
potopě (locative singular)
potopu (dual locative)
potopěxъ (locative plural)
potope (singular vocative)
potopa (dual vocative)
potopi (plural vocative)

East Slavic

Old East Slavic: потопъ (potopŭ)

Belarusian: пато́п (patóp)

Russian: пото́п (potóp)

Carpathian Rusyn: пото́па (potópa)

Ukrainian: пото́п (potóp)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: потопъ (potopŭ)

Bulgarian: потоп (potop)

Macedonian: потоп (potop)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: по̀топ

Latin script: pòtop

Slovene: potòp (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: potopa f

Polish: potop

Slovak: potopa f

Deverbal from *potopìti (“to submerge, to inundate”).


šьpъtъ

šьpъtъ (nominative singular)
šьpъta (dual nominative)
šьpъti (nominative plural)
šьpъta (genitive singular)
šьpъtu (dual genitive)
šьpъtъ (genitive plural)
šьpъtu (dative singular)
šьpъtoma (dative dual)
šьpъtomъ (dative plural)
šьpъtъ (accusative singular)
šьpъta (accusative dual)
šьpъty (accusative plural)
šьpъtъmь (instrumental singular)
šьpъtomь (instrumental singular)
šьpъtoma (dual instrumental)
šьpъty (instrumental plural)
šьpъtě (locative singular)
šьpъtu (dual locative)
šьpъtěxъ (locative plural)
šьpъte (singular vocative)
šьpъta (dual vocative)
šьpъti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: шьпътъ (šĭpŭtŭ)

Belarusian: шэпт (šept)

Russian: шёпот (šópot)

Ukrainian: ше́піт (šépit)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: ше́пот (šépot)

Macedonian: шепот (šepot)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ша̏па̄т

Latin script: šȁpāt

Slovene: šерət (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: šepot

Polish: szept

Slovak: šepot

According to Vasmer, of onomatopoeic provenance.


orkyta

orkyta (nominative singular)
orkytě (dual nominative)
orkyty (nominative plural)
orkyty (genitive singular)
orkytu (dual genitive)
orkytъ (genitive plural)
orkytě (dative singular)
orkytama (dative dual)
orkytamъ (dative plural)
orkytǫ (accusative singular)
orkytě (accusative dual)
orkyty (accusative plural)
orkytojǫ (instrumental singular)
orkytǫ (instrumental singular)
orkytama (dual instrumental)
orkytami (instrumental plural)
orkytě (locative singular)
orkytu (dual locative)
orkytasъ (locative plural)
orkytaxъ (locative plural)
orkyto (singular vocative)
orkytě (dual vocative)
orkyty (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: раки́та (rakíta)

Ukrainian: роки́та (rokýta)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: ракѝта (rakìta)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ра̀кита

Latin script: ràkita

Slovene: rakȋta (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: rokyta

Czech: rokyta (obsolete)

Polabian: rükå᾽itа

Polish: rokita

Slovak: rakyta

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: rokot m

Lower Sorbian: rokita

Non-Slavic:

→ Albanian: arqitë

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erkʷos (“bow, arrow”), as willow twigs were used to make bows due to their flexibility. Compare Latvian ērkšķis, Ancient Greek ἄρκευθος (árkeuthos), Old English earh (whence English arrow), Latin arcus (“arc, bow”).


polěno

polěno (nominative singular)
polěně (dual nominative)
polěna (nominative plural)
polěna (genitive singular)
polěnu (dual genitive)
polěnъ (genitive plural)
polěnu (dative singular)
polěnoma (dative dual)
polěnomъ (dative plural)
polěno (accusative singular)
polěně (accusative dual)
polěna (accusative plural)
polěnъmь (instrumental singular)
polěnomь (instrumental singular)
polěnoma (dual instrumental)
polěny (instrumental plural)
polěně (locative singular)
polěnu (dual locative)
polěněxъ (locative plural)
polěno (singular vocative)
polěně (dual vocative)
polěna (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: полѣно (polěno)

Belarusian: пале́на (paljéna)

Russian: поле́но (poléno)

Ukrainian: полі́но (políno)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: полѣно (polěno)

Macedonian: полено (poleno)

Slovene: polẹ́nọ (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: poleno

Polish: polano

Slovak: роlеnо

Related to *polěti (“to burn”), which is akin to *paliti.


nebesьskъ

nebesьskъ (masculine nominative singular)
nebesьska (feminine nominative singular)
nebesьsko (neuter nominative singular)
nebesьska (genitive masculine singular)
nebesьsky (feminine genitive singular)
nebesьska (genitive neuter singular)
nebesьsku (dative masculine singular)
nebesьscě (dative feminine singular)
nebesьsku (dative neuter singular)
nebesьskъ (accusative masculine singular)
nebesьskǫ (accusative feminine singular)
nebesьsko (accusative neuter singular)
nebesьskomь (instrumental masculine singular)
nebesьskojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
nebesьskomь (instrumental neuter singular)
nebesьscě (locative masculine singular)
nebesьscě (feminine locative singular)
nebesьscě (locative neuter singular)
nebesьšče (masculine singular vocative)
nebesьsko (feminine singular vocative)
nebesьsko (neuter singular vocative)
nebesьska (dual masculine nominative)
nebesьscě (dual feminine nominative)
nebesьscě (dual neuter nominative)
nebesьsku (dual genitive masculine)
nebesьsku (dual feminine genitive)
nebesьsku (dual genitive neuter)
nebesьskoma (dative dual masculine)
nebesьskama (dative dual feminine)
nebesьskoma (dative dual neuter)
nebesьska (accusative dual masculine)
nebesьscě (accusative dual feminine)
nebesьscě (accusative dual neuter)
nebesьskoma (dual instrumental masculine)
nebesьskama (dual feminine instrumental)
nebesьskoma (dual instrumental neuter)
nebesьsku (dual locative masculine)
nebesьsku (dual feminine locative)
nebesьsku (dual locative neuter)
nebesьska (dual masculine vocative)
nebesьscě (dual feminine vocative)
nebesьscě (dual neuter vocative)
nebesьsci (masculine nominative plural)
nebesьsky (feminine nominative plural)
nebesьska (neuter nominative plural)
nebesьskъ (genitive masculine plural)
nebesьskъ (feminine genitive plural)
nebesьskъ (genitive neuter plural)
nebesьskomъ (dative masculine plural)
nebesьskamъ (dative feminine plural)
nebesьskomъ (dative neuter plural)
nebesьsky (accusative masculine plural)
nebesьsky (accusative feminine plural)
nebesьska (accusative neuter plural)
nebesьsky (instrumental masculine plural)
nebesьskami (feminine instrumental plural)
nebesьsky (instrumental neuter plural)
nebesьscěxъ (locative masculine plural)
nebesьskaxъ (feminine locative plural)
nebesьscěxъ (locative neuter plural)
nebesьsci (masculine plural vocative)
nebesьsky (feminine plural vocative)
nebesьska (neuter plural vocative)
nebesьskъjь (masculine nominative singular)
nebesьskaja (feminine nominative singular)
nebesьskoje (neuter nominative singular)
nebesьskajego (genitive masculine singular)
nebesьskyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
nebesьskajego (genitive neuter singular)
nebesьskujemu (dative masculine singular)
nebesьscěji (dative feminine singular)
nebesьskujemu (dative neuter singular)
nebesьskъjь (accusative masculine singular)
nebesьskǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
nebesьskoje (accusative neuter singular)
nebesьskyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
nebesьskǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
nebesьskyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
nebesьscějemь (locative masculine singular)
nebesьscěji (feminine locative singular)
nebesьscějemь (locative neuter singular)
nebesьskъjь (masculine singular vocative)
nebesьskaja (feminine singular vocative)
nebesьskoje (neuter singular vocative)
nebesьskaja (dual masculine nominative)
nebesьscěji (dual feminine nominative)
nebesьscěji (dual neuter nominative)
nebesьskuju (dual genitive masculine)
nebesьskuju (dual feminine genitive)
nebesьskuju (dual genitive neuter)
nebesьskyjima (dative dual masculine)
nebesьskyjima (dative dual feminine)
nebesьskyjima (dative dual neuter)
nebesьskaja (accusative dual masculine)
nebesьscěji (accusative dual feminine)
nebesьscěji (accusative dual neuter)
nebesьskyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
nebesьskyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
nebesьskyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
nebesьskuju (dual locative masculine)
nebesьskuju (dual feminine locative)
nebesьskuju (dual locative neuter)
nebesьskaja (dual masculine vocative)
nebesьscěji (dual feminine vocative)
nebesьscěji (dual neuter vocative)
nebesьsciji (masculine nominative plural)
nebesьskyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
nebesьskaja (neuter nominative plural)
nebesьskъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
nebesьskъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
nebesьskъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
nebesьskyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
nebesьskyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
nebesьskyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
nebesьskyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
nebesьskyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
nebesьskaja (accusative neuter plural)
nebesьskyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
nebesьskyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
nebesьskyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
nebesьskyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
nebesьskyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
nebesьskyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
nebesьsciji (masculine plural vocative)
nebesьskyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
nebesьskaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: небесьскъ (nebesĭskŭ)

desc

Old Ruthenian: небескїй (nebeskij), небесскїй (nebesskij)

Ukrainian: небе́ський (nebésʹkyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: небесьскъ (nebesĭskŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱀⰵⰱⰵⱄⱐⱄⰽⱏ (nebesĭskŭ)

Old Serbo-Croatian: небески (15ᵗʰ cent.)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: нѐбескӣ

Latin script: nèbeskī

Old Slovene: nebeski

Slovene: nebẹ́ški (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: nebeský

Czech: nebeský

Polabian: nibesťĕ

Old Polish: niebieśski, niebiesski, niebieski

Polish: niebieski

Slovak: nebeský; nebecký, nebeckí (dialectal)

Slovincian: ńebˈesḱi, ńebjesći, ńebjìe̯sћï, ńebˈeskï

Sorbian:

Old Lower Sorbian: ńeb́eski

Lower Sorbian: ńebjaski

Upper Sorbian: njebjeski


glǫbina

glǫbina (nominative singular)
glǫbině (dual nominative)
glǫbiny (nominative plural)
glǫbiny (genitive singular)
glǫbinu (dual genitive)
glǫbinъ (genitive plural)
glǫbině (dative singular)
glǫbinama (dative dual)
glǫbinamъ (dative plural)
glǫbinǫ (accusative singular)
glǫbině (accusative dual)
glǫbiny (accusative plural)
glǫbinojǫ (instrumental singular)
glǫbinǫ (instrumental singular)
glǫbinama (dual instrumental)
glǫbinami (instrumental plural)
glǫbině (locative singular)
glǫbinu (dual locative)
glǫbinasъ (locative plural)
glǫbinaxъ (locative plural)
glǫbino (singular vocative)
glǫbině (dual vocative)
glǫbiny (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: глубина (glubina)

Russian: глубина́ (glubiná)

Ukrainian: глибина (hlybyna)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: глѫбина (glǫbina)

Bulgarian: глъбина̀ (glǎbinà) (archaic)

Macedonian: длабина (dlabina)

Serbo-Croatian: (obsolete)

Cyrillic script: глубина

Latin script: glubina

Slovene: globína (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: hlubina

Pannonian Rusyn: глїбина (hljibina)

Polish: głębina

Slovak: hlbina


jarъkъ

jarъkъ (masculine nominative singular)
jarъka (feminine nominative singular)
jarъko (neuter nominative singular)
jarъka (genitive masculine singular)
jarъky (feminine genitive singular)
jarъka (genitive neuter singular)
jarъku (dative masculine singular)
jarъcě (dative feminine singular)
jarъku (dative neuter singular)
jarъkъ (accusative masculine singular)
jarъkǫ (accusative feminine singular)
jarъko (accusative neuter singular)
jarъkomь (instrumental masculine singular)
jarъkojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
jarъkomь (instrumental neuter singular)
jarъcě (locative masculine singular)
jarъcě (feminine locative singular)
jarъcě (locative neuter singular)
jarъče (masculine singular vocative)
jarъko (feminine singular vocative)
jarъko (neuter singular vocative)
jarъka (dual masculine nominative)
jarъcě (dual feminine nominative)
jarъcě (dual neuter nominative)
jarъku (dual genitive masculine)
jarъku (dual feminine genitive)
jarъku (dual genitive neuter)
jarъkoma (dative dual masculine)
jarъkama (dative dual feminine)
jarъkoma (dative dual neuter)
jarъka (accusative dual masculine)
jarъcě (accusative dual feminine)
jarъcě (accusative dual neuter)
jarъkoma (dual instrumental masculine)
jarъkama (dual feminine instrumental)
jarъkoma (dual instrumental neuter)
jarъku (dual locative masculine)
jarъku (dual feminine locative)
jarъku (dual locative neuter)
jarъka (dual masculine vocative)
jarъcě (dual feminine vocative)
jarъcě (dual neuter vocative)
jarъci (masculine nominative plural)
jarъky (feminine nominative plural)
jarъka (neuter nominative plural)
jarъkъ (genitive masculine plural)
jarъkъ (feminine genitive plural)
jarъkъ (genitive neuter plural)
jarъkomъ (dative masculine plural)
jarъkamъ (dative feminine plural)
jarъkomъ (dative neuter plural)
jarъky (accusative masculine plural)
jarъky (accusative feminine plural)
jarъka (accusative neuter plural)
jarъky (instrumental masculine plural)
jarъkami (feminine instrumental plural)
jarъky (instrumental neuter plural)
jarъcěxъ (locative masculine plural)
jarъkaxъ (feminine locative plural)
jarъcěxъ (locative neuter plural)
jarъci (masculine plural vocative)
jarъky (feminine plural vocative)
jarъka (neuter plural vocative)
jarъkъjь (masculine nominative singular)
jarъkaja (feminine nominative singular)
jarъkoje (neuter nominative singular)
jarъkajego (genitive masculine singular)
jarъkyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
jarъkajego (genitive neuter singular)
jarъkujemu (dative masculine singular)
jarъcěji (dative feminine singular)
jarъkujemu (dative neuter singular)
jarъkъjь (accusative masculine singular)
jarъkǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
jarъkoje (accusative neuter singular)
jarъkyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
jarъkǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
jarъkyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
jarъcějemь (locative masculine singular)
jarъcěji (feminine locative singular)
jarъcějemь (locative neuter singular)
jarъkъjь (masculine singular vocative)
jarъkaja (feminine singular vocative)
jarъkoje (neuter singular vocative)
jarъkaja (dual masculine nominative)
jarъcěji (dual feminine nominative)
jarъcěji (dual neuter nominative)
jarъkuju (dual genitive masculine)
jarъkuju (dual feminine genitive)
jarъkuju (dual genitive neuter)
jarъkyjima (dative dual masculine)
jarъkyjima (dative dual feminine)
jarъkyjima (dative dual neuter)
jarъkaja (accusative dual masculine)
jarъcěji (accusative dual feminine)
jarъcěji (accusative dual neuter)
jarъkyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
jarъkyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
jarъkyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
jarъkuju (dual locative masculine)
jarъkuju (dual feminine locative)
jarъkuju (dual locative neuter)
jarъkaja (dual masculine vocative)
jarъcěji (dual feminine vocative)
jarъcěji (dual neuter vocative)
jarъciji (masculine nominative plural)
jarъkyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
jarъkaja (neuter nominative plural)
jarъkъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
jarъkъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
jarъkъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
jarъkyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
jarъkyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
jarъkyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
jarъkyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
jarъkyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
jarъkaja (accusative neuter plural)
jarъkyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
jarъkyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
jarъkyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
jarъkyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
jarъkyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
jarъkyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
jarъciji (masculine plural vocative)
jarъkyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
jarъkaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ꙗръкꙑи (jarŭkyi)

Belarusian: яркі (jarki)

Russian: я́ркий (járkij)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: я́рък (járǎk)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ја̑ркӣ

Latin script: jȃrkī