dъždžiti

dъždženьje (noun-from-verb)
dъždžiti (infinitive)
dъždžitъ (supine)
dъždžilъ (l-participle)
dъždženъ (participle passive past)
dъždžimъ (participle passive present)
dъždžь (active participle past)
dъždžę (active participle present)
dъždžixъ (aorist first-person singular)
dъždži (aorist second-person singular)
dъždži (aorist singular third-person)
dъždžǫ (first-person present singular)
dъždžiši (present second-person singular)
dъždžitь (present singular third-person)
dъždžixově (aorist dual first-person)
dъždžista (aorist dual second-person)
dъždžiste (aorist dual third-person)
dъždživě (dual first-person present)
dъždžita (dual present second-person)
dъždžite (dual present third-person)
dъždžixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
dъždžiste (aorist plural second-person)
dъždžišę (aorist plural third-person)
dъždžimъ (first-person plural present)
dъždžite (plural present second-person)
dъždžętь (plural present third-person)
dъždžaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
dъždžaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
dъždžaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
dъždži (imperative second-person singular)
dъždži (imperative singular third-person)
dъždžaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
dъždžaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
dъždžaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
dъždživě (dual first-person imperative)
dъždžita (dual imperative second-person)
dъždžaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
dъždžaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
dъždžaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
dъždžimъ (first-person imperative plural)
dъždžite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *дъжджити (*dŭždžiti)

desc

Old Ruthenian: дожджити (doždžiti), дожчити (dožčiti)

Belarusian: дажджы́ць (daždžýcʹ)

Ukrainian: дощи́ти (doščýty)

Old Novgorodian: дъжгити (dŭźgiti) (Old Pskovian)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⰴⱏⰶⰴⰻⱅⰻ (dŭžditi)

Old Cyrillic script: дъждити (dŭžditi)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: даждити; ⇒ да̀ждјети

Cyrillic script: даждити; ⇒ да̀ждјети

Latin script: dažditi; ⇒ dàždjeti

Slovene: dežíti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Lechitic:

Old Polish: dżdżyć, deszczyć, dyscyć

Old Czech: dščieti, dščíti

Czech: deštiti, dštít (rare); deštit (dialectal)

Slovak: dáždiť (dialectal)

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: dešćić

Oleg Trubachyov
ru:Аникин, Александр Евгеньевич


dъždžati

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *дъжджати (*dŭždžati)

Russian: дожжа́ть (dožžátʹ), дожжа́ться (dožžátʹsja) (dialectal)

Old Novgorodian: дъжгꙗти (dŭźgjati) (Old Pskovian)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⰴⱏⰶⰴⰰⱅⰻ (dŭždati)

Old Cyrillic script: дъждати (dŭždati)

Serbo-Croatian:

Chakavian Serbo-Croatian: daždati, dažljati

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: dəžljáti (dialectal) (tonal orthography)

From *dъ̀ždžь (“rain”) + *-ati. Displaced by *dъždžiti.

ru:Аникин, Александр Евгеньевич


dъždžьcь

dъždžьcь (nominative singular)
dъždžьca (dual nominative)
dъždžьci (nominative plural)
dъždžьca (genitive singular)
dъždžьcu (dual genitive)
dъždžьcь (genitive plural)
dъždžьcu (dative singular)
dъždžьcema (dative dual)
dъždžьcemъ (dative plural)
dъždžьcь (accusative singular)
dъždžьca (accusative dual)
dъždžьcę̇ (accusative plural)
dъždžьcьmь (instrumental singular)
dъždžьcemь (instrumental singular)
dъždžьcema (dual instrumental)
dъždžьci (instrumental plural)
dъždžьci (locative singular)
dъždžьcu (dual locative)
dъždžьcixъ (locative plural)
dъždžьče (singular vocative)
dъždžьca (dual vocative)
dъždžьci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *дъжджьць (*dŭždžĭcĭ)

Ukrainian: доще́ць (doščécʹ)

Old Novgorodian: дъжгьць (dŭźgĭćĭ) (Old Pskovian)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

→ Russian: дожде́ц (doždéc)


xyťьnъ

xyťьnъ (masculine nominative singular)
xyťьna (feminine nominative singular)
xyťьno (neuter nominative singular)
xyťьna (genitive masculine singular)
xyťьny (feminine genitive singular)
xyťьna (genitive neuter singular)
xyťьnu (dative masculine singular)
xyťьně (dative feminine singular)
xyťьnu (dative neuter singular)
xyťьnъ (accusative masculine singular)
xyťьnǫ (accusative feminine singular)
xyťьno (accusative neuter singular)
xyťьnomь (instrumental masculine singular)
xyťьnojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
xyťьnomь (instrumental neuter singular)
xyťьně (locative masculine singular)
xyťьně (feminine locative singular)
xyťьně (locative neuter singular)
xyťьne (masculine singular vocative)
xyťьno (feminine singular vocative)
xyťьno (neuter singular vocative)
xyťьna (dual masculine nominative)
xyťьně (dual feminine nominative)
xyťьně (dual neuter nominative)
xyťьnu (dual genitive masculine)
xyťьnu (dual feminine genitive)
xyťьnu (dual genitive neuter)
xyťьnoma (dative dual masculine)
xyťьnama (dative dual feminine)
xyťьnoma (dative dual neuter)
xyťьna (accusative dual masculine)
xyťьně (accusative dual feminine)
xyťьně (accusative dual neuter)
xyťьnoma (dual instrumental masculine)
xyťьnama (dual feminine instrumental)
xyťьnoma (dual instrumental neuter)
xyťьnu (dual locative masculine)
xyťьnu (dual feminine locative)
xyťьnu (dual locative neuter)
xyťьna (dual masculine vocative)
xyťьně (dual feminine vocative)
xyťьně (dual neuter vocative)
xyťьni (masculine nominative plural)
xyťьny (feminine nominative plural)
xyťьna (neuter nominative plural)
xyťьnъ (genitive masculine plural)
xyťьnъ (feminine genitive plural)
xyťьnъ (genitive neuter plural)
xyťьnomъ (dative masculine plural)
xyťьnamъ (dative feminine plural)
xyťьnomъ (dative neuter plural)
xyťьny (accusative masculine plural)
xyťьny (accusative feminine plural)
xyťьna (accusative neuter plural)
xyťьny (instrumental masculine plural)
xyťьnami (feminine instrumental plural)
xyťьny (instrumental neuter plural)
xyťьněxъ (locative masculine plural)
xyťьnaxъ (feminine locative plural)
xyťьněxъ (locative neuter plural)
xyťьni (masculine plural vocative)
xyťьny (feminine plural vocative)
xyťьna (neuter plural vocative)
xyťьnъjь (masculine nominative singular)
xyťьnaja (feminine nominative singular)
xyťьnoje (neuter nominative singular)
xyťьnajego (genitive masculine singular)
xyťьnyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
xyťьnajego (genitive neuter singular)
xyťьnujemu (dative masculine singular)
xyťьněji (dative feminine singular)
xyťьnujemu (dative neuter singular)
xyťьnъjь (accusative masculine singular)
xyťьnǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
xyťьnoje (accusative neuter singular)
xyťьnyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
xyťьnǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
xyťьnyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
xyťьnějemь (locative masculine singular)
xyťьněji (feminine locative singular)
xyťьnějemь (locative neuter singular)
xyťьnъjь (masculine singular vocative)
xyťьnaja (feminine singular vocative)
xyťьnoje (neuter singular vocative)
xyťьnaja (dual masculine nominative)
xyťьněji (dual feminine nominative)
xyťьněji (dual neuter nominative)
xyťьnuju (dual genitive masculine)
xyťьnuju (dual feminine genitive)
xyťьnuju (dual genitive neuter)
xyťьnyjima (dative dual masculine)
xyťьnyjima (dative dual feminine)
xyťьnyjima (dative dual neuter)
xyťьnaja (accusative dual masculine)
xyťьněji (accusative dual feminine)
xyťьněji (accusative dual neuter)
xyťьnyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
xyťьnyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
xyťьnyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
xyťьnuju (dual locative masculine)
xyťьnuju (dual feminine locative)
xyťьnuju (dual locative neuter)
xyťьnaja (dual masculine vocative)
xyťьněji (dual feminine vocative)
xyťьněji (dual neuter vocative)
xyťьniji (masculine nominative plural)
xyťьnyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
xyťьnaja (neuter nominative plural)
xyťьnъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
xyťьnъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
xyťьnъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
xyťьnyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
xyťьnyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
xyťьnyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
xyťьnyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
xyťьnyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
xyťьnaja (accusative neuter plural)
xyťьnyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
xyťьnyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
xyťьnyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
xyťьnyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
xyťьnyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
xyťьnyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
xyťьniji (masculine plural vocative)
xyťьnyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
xyťьnaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

>? Old East Slavic: *хꙑчьнъ (*xyčĭnŭ)

>? Old Ruthenian: *хи́жный (*xížnyj)

Ukrainian: хи́жний (xýžnyj) (dialectal)

⇒? Old Ruthenian: хи́жїй (xížij)

Belarusian: хі́жы (xížy)

Ukrainian: хи́жий (xýžyj)

→ Russian: хи́жий (xížij) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⱈⱏⰺⱋⱐⱀⱏ (xyštĭnŭ)

Old Cyrillic script: хꙑщьнъ (xyštĭnŭ)


uspěxъ

uspě̀xъ (canonical masculine)
uspěxъ (nominative singular)
uspěxa (dual nominative)
uspěśi (nominative plural)
uspěxa (genitive singular)
uspěxu (dual genitive)
uspěxъ (genitive plural)
uspěxu (dative singular)
uspěxoma (dative dual)
uspěxomъ (dative plural)
uspěxъ (accusative singular)
uspěxa (accusative dual)
uspěxy (accusative plural)
uspěxъmь (instrumental singular)
uspěxomь (instrumental singular)
uspěxoma (dual instrumental)
uspěxȳ (instrumental plural)
uspěśě (locative singular)
uspěxu (dual locative)
uspěśě̄xъ (locative plural)
uspěše (singular vocative)
uspěxa (dual vocative)
uspěśi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: оуспѣхъ (uspěxŭ)

Old Ruthenian: успѣхъ (uspěx)

Belarusian: успе́х (uspjéx)

desctree

Ukrainian: у́спіх (úspix)
→ Pannonian Rusyn: успих (uspix)

Russian: успе́х (uspéx)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: оуспѣхъ (uspěxŭ)

Bulgarian: успе́х (uspéh)

Macedonian: успех (uspeh)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: у̀спех, у̀спјех

Latin script: ùspeh, ùspjeh

Slovene: uspȅh (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: úspěch

Old Slovak: úspech

Slovak: úspech

By surface analysis, *u- + *spěxъ (“haste”).


pomorьje

pomorьje (nominative singular)
pomorьji (dual nominative)
pomorьja (nominative plural)
pomorьja (genitive singular)
pomorьju (dual genitive)
pomorьjь (genitive plural)
pomorьju (dative singular)
pomorьjema (dative dual)
pomorьjemъ (dative plural)
pomorьje (accusative singular)
pomorьji (accusative dual)
pomorьja (accusative plural)
pomorьjьmь (instrumental singular)
pomorьjemь (instrumental singular)
pomorьjema (dual instrumental)
pomorьji (instrumental plural)
pomorьji (locative singular)
pomorьju (dual locative)
pomorьjixъ (locative plural)
pomorьje (singular vocative)
pomorьji (dual vocative)
pomorьja (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: поморье (pomorĭje); Поморье (Pomorĭje)

Old Ruthenian: поморьє (pomorʹje), поморїє (pomorije)

Belarusian: памо́р'е (pamórʺje); Памо́р'е (Pamórʺje)

Ukrainian: помо́р'я (pomórʺja); Помор'я (Pomorʺja)

Russian: помо́рье (pomórʹje); Помо́рье (Pomórʹje)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: поморие (pomorie), Поморие (Pomorie)

Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: Pomorje

West Slavic:

Czech: pomoří

Polish: Pomorze

Pomeranian:

⇒ Kashubian: Pòmòrskô

Slovak: pomorie


pikati

pìkati (canonical imperfective)
pìknǫti (perfective)
pikanьje (noun-from-verb)
pikati (infinitive)
pikatъ (supine)
pikalъ (l-participle)
pikanъ (participle passive past)
pikajemъ (participle passive present)
pikavъ (active participle past)
pikaję (active participle present)
pikaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
pika (aorist second-person singular)
pika (aorist singular third-person)
pikajǫ (first-person present singular)
pikaješi (present second-person singular)
pikajetь (present singular third-person)
pikaxově (aorist dual first-person)
pikasta (aorist dual second-person)
pikaste (aorist dual third-person)
pikajevě (dual first-person present)
pikajeta (dual present second-person)
pikajete (dual present third-person)
pikaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
pikaste (aorist plural second-person)
pikašę (aorist plural third-person)
pikajemъ (first-person plural present)
pikajete (plural present second-person)
pikajǫtь (plural present third-person)
pikaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
pikaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
pikaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
pikaji (imperative second-person singular)
pikaji (imperative singular third-person)
pikaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
pikaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
pikaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
pikajivě (dual first-person imperative)
pikajita (dual imperative second-person)
pikaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
pikaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
pikaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
pikajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
pikajite (imperative plural second-person)

South Slavic:

Macedonian: пика (pika)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пи̏кати

Latin script: pȉkati

Slovene: pīkati (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: píkati

Snoj tentatively derives it from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pey- (“to pierce”), whence Albanian pickoj (“to sting, to pinch”), Sanskrit स्फ्य (sphya, “spike, pointy tool”).
Onomatopoeic origin or perhaps borrowing are also possible. Compare Proto-Germanic *pikkōną (“to peck”), French piquer (“to sting”).

cog

(transitive) to prick, to poke, to stuff


pikati

pìkati (canonical imperfective)
pikanьje (noun-from-verb)
pikati (infinitive)
pikatъ (supine)
pikalъ (l-participle)
pikanъ (participle passive past)
pikajemъ (participle passive present)
pikavъ (active participle past)
pikaję (active participle present)
pikaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
pika (aorist second-person singular)
pika (aorist singular third-person)
pikajǫ (first-person present singular)
pikaješi (present second-person singular)
pikajetь (present singular third-person)
pikaxově (aorist dual first-person)
pikasta (aorist dual second-person)
pikaste (aorist dual third-person)
pikajevě (dual first-person present)
pikajeta (dual present second-person)
pikajete (dual present third-person)
pikaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
pikaste (aorist plural second-person)
pikašę (aorist plural third-person)
pikajemъ (first-person plural present)
pikajete (plural present second-person)
pikajǫtь (plural present third-person)
pikaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
pikaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
pikaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
pikaji (imperative second-person singular)
pikaji (imperative singular third-person)
pikaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
pikaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
pikaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
pikajivě (dual first-person imperative)
pikajita (dual imperative second-person)
pikaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
pikaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
pikaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
pikajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
pikajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: пі́каць (píkacʹ)

Russian: пи́кать (píkatʹ)

Ukrainian: пі́кати (píkaty)

⇒ Ukrainian: пікоти́ти (pikotýty)

South Slavic:

desc

Bulgarian: пи́кам (píkam), пипи́кам (pipíkam) (dialectal)

West Slavic:

Polish: pikać

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: pikaś

Onomatopoeic, from imitative root *pī- + *-kati.
Antiquity uncertain.


ščepa

ščepa (nominative singular)
ščepě (dual nominative)
ščepy (nominative plural)
ščepy (genitive singular)
ščepu (dual genitive)
ščepъ (genitive plural)
ščepě (dative singular)
ščepama (dative dual)
ščepamъ (dative plural)
ščepǫ (accusative singular)
ščepě (accusative dual)
ščepy (accusative plural)
ščepojǫ (instrumental singular)
ščepǫ (instrumental singular)
ščepama (dual instrumental)
ščepami (instrumental plural)
ščepě (locative singular)
ščepu (dual locative)
ščepasъ (locative plural)
ščepaxъ (locative plural)
ščepo (singular vocative)
ščepě (dual vocative)
ščepy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: щепа (ščepa)

Russian: щепа́ (ščepá)

Ukrainian: ще́па (ščépa)

South Slavic:

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: ščèр, ščéрək, ščерíса (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Polish: szсzера

Possibly, related to *skopiti (“to geld”)


učьstivъ

učьstivъ (masculine nominative singular)
učьstiva (feminine nominative singular)
učьstivo (neuter nominative singular)
učьstiva (genitive masculine singular)
učьstivy (feminine genitive singular)
učьstiva (genitive neuter singular)
učьstivu (dative masculine singular)
učьstivě (dative feminine singular)
učьstivu (dative neuter singular)
učьstivъ (accusative masculine singular)
učьstivǫ (accusative feminine singular)
učьstivo (accusative neuter singular)
učьstivomь (instrumental masculine singular)
učьstivojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
učьstivomь (instrumental neuter singular)
učьstivě (locative masculine singular)
učьstivě (feminine locative singular)
učьstivě (locative neuter singular)
učьstive (masculine singular vocative)
učьstivo (feminine singular vocative)
učьstivo (neuter singular vocative)
učьstiva (dual masculine nominative)
učьstivě (dual feminine nominative)
učьstivě (dual neuter nominative)
učьstivu (dual genitive masculine)
učьstivu (dual feminine genitive)
učьstivu (dual genitive neuter)
učьstivoma (dative dual masculine)
učьstivama (dative dual feminine)
učьstivoma (dative dual neuter)
učьstiva (accusative dual masculine)
učьstivě (accusative dual feminine)
učьstivě (accusative dual neuter)
učьstivoma (dual instrumental masculine)
učьstivama (dual feminine instrumental)
učьstivoma (dual instrumental neuter)
učьstivu (dual locative masculine)
učьstivu (dual feminine locative)
učьstivu (dual locative neuter)
učьstiva (dual masculine vocative)
učьstivě (dual feminine vocative)
učьstivě (dual neuter vocative)
učьstivi (masculine nominative plural)
učьstivy (feminine nominative plural)
učьstiva (neuter nominative plural)
učьstivъ (genitive masculine plural)
učьstivъ (feminine genitive plural)
učьstivъ (genitive neuter plural)
učьstivomъ (dative masculine plural)
učьstivamъ (dative feminine plural)
učьstivomъ (dative neuter plural)
učьstivy (accusative masculine plural)
učьstivy (accusative feminine plural)
učьstiva (accusative neuter plural)
učьstivy (instrumental masculine plural)
učьstivami (feminine instrumental plural)
učьstivy (instrumental neuter plural)
učьstivěxъ (locative masculine plural)
učьstivaxъ (feminine locative plural)
učьstivěxъ (locative neuter plural)
učьstivi (masculine plural vocative)
učьstivy (feminine plural vocative)
učьstiva (neuter plural vocative)
učьstivъjь (masculine nominative singular)
učьstivaja (feminine nominative singular)
učьstivoje (neuter nominative singular)
učьstivajego (genitive masculine singular)
učьstivyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
učьstivajego (genitive neuter singular)
učьstivujemu (dative masculine singular)
učьstivěji (dative feminine singular)
učьstivujemu (dative neuter singular)
učьstivъjь (accusative masculine singular)
učьstivǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
učьstivoje (accusative neuter singular)
učьstivyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
učьstivǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
učьstivyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
učьstivějemь (locative masculine singular)
učьstivěji (feminine locative singular)
učьstivějemь (locative neuter singular)
učьstivъjь (masculine singular vocative)
učьstivaja (feminine singular vocative)
učьstivoje (neuter singular vocative)
učьstivaja (dual masculine nominative)
učьstivěji (dual feminine nominative)
učьstivěji (dual neuter nominative)
učьstivuju (dual genitive masculine)
učьstivuju (dual feminine genitive)
učьstivuju (dual genitive neuter)
učьstivyjima (dative dual masculine)
učьstivyjima (dative dual feminine)
učьstivyjima (dative dual neuter)
učьstivaja (accusative dual masculine)
učьstivěji (accusative dual feminine)
učьstivěji (accusative dual neuter)
učьstivyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
učьstivyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
učьstivyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
učьstivuju (dual locative masculine)
učьstivuju (dual feminine locative)
učьstivuju (dual locative neuter)
učьstivaja (dual masculine vocative)
učьstivěji (dual feminine vocative)
učьstivěji (dual neuter vocative)
učьstiviji (masculine nominative plural)
učьstivyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
učьstivaja (neuter nominative plural)
učьstivъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
učьstivъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
učьstivъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
učьstivyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
učьstivyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
učьstivyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
učьstivyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
učьstivyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
učьstivaja (accusative neuter plural)
učьstivyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
učьstivyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
učьstivyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
učьstivyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
učьstivyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
učьstivyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
učьstiviji (masculine plural vocative)
učьstivyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
učьstivaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: учти́вый (učtívyj)

Ukrainian: учти́вий (učtývyj) (rare)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: оучьтивъ (učĭtivŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: у̀чтив

Latin script: ùčtiv

West Slavic:

Czech: uctivý

Kashubian: ùtcëwi

Old Polish: uczciwy, ućciwy

Polish: uczciwy

Slovak: úctivý

By surface analysis, *učьstiti (“to respect”) + *-ivъ.


ščapъ

ščapъ (nominative singular)
ščapa (dual nominative)
ščapi (nominative plural)
ščapa (genitive singular)
ščapu (dual genitive)
ščapъ (genitive plural)
ščapu (dative singular)
ščapoma (dative dual)
ščapomъ (dative plural)
ščapъ (accusative singular)
ščapa (accusative dual)
ščapy (accusative plural)
ščapъmь (instrumental singular)
ščapomь (instrumental singular)
ščapoma (dual instrumental)
ščapy (instrumental plural)
ščapě (locative singular)
ščapu (dual locative)
ščapěxъ (locative plural)
ščape (singular vocative)
ščapa (dual vocative)
ščapi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

>? Russian: щап (ščap, “dumbhead”) (probably)

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic: щапъ (štapŭ)

Bulgarian: щап (štap)

Macedonian: стап (stap)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: шта̑п

Latin script: štȃp, šćap (dialectal)

Slovene: ščáp (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: ščер

Czech: štěр

Old Slovak: štiap, štiep

Slovak: štiap

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: šćěр

Upper Sorbian: šćěр, šćap

From an earlier *skēpъ, probably from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kep- (“to cleave”).


ręxъ

ręxъ (nominative singular)
ręxa (dual nominative)
ręśi (nominative plural)
ręxa (genitive singular)
ręxu (dual genitive)
ręxъ (genitive plural)
ręxu (dative singular)
ręxoma (dative dual)
ręxomъ (dative plural)
ręxъ (accusative singular)
ręxa (accusative dual)
ręxy (accusative plural)
ręxъmь (instrumental singular)
ręxomь (instrumental singular)
ręxoma (dual instrumental)
ręxy (instrumental plural)
ręśě (locative singular)
ręxu (dual locative)
ręśěxъ (locative plural)
ręše (singular vocative)
ręxa (dual vocative)
ręśi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: ря́ха f (rjáxa) (dialectal)

desc

⇒ Russian: ря́хаться (rjáxatʹsja, “to get in order”) (dialectal)

West Slavic:

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: rěch


xlestati

xlestanьje (noun-from-verb)
xlestati (infinitive)
xlestatъ (supine)
xlestalъ (l-participle)
xlestanъ (participle passive past)
xlesťemъ (participle passive present)
xlestavъ (active participle past)
xlesťę (active participle present)
xlestaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
xlesta (aorist second-person singular)
xlesta (aorist singular third-person)
xlesťǫ (first-person present singular)
xlesťeši (present second-person singular)
xlesťetь (present singular third-person)
xlestaxově (aorist dual first-person)
xlestasta (aorist dual second-person)
xlestaste (aorist dual third-person)
xlesťevě (dual first-person present)
xlesťeta (dual present second-person)
xlesťete (dual present third-person)
xlestaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
xlestaste (aorist plural second-person)
xlestašę (aorist plural third-person)
xlesťemъ (first-person plural present)
xlesťete (plural present second-person)
xlesťǫtь (plural present third-person)
xlestaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
xlestaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
xlestaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
xlesťi (imperative second-person singular)
xlesťi (imperative singular third-person)
xlestaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
xlestaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
xlestaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
xlesťivě (dual first-person imperative)
xlesťita (dual imperative second-person)
xlestaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
xlestaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
xlestaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
xlesťimъ (first-person imperative plural)
xlesťite (imperative plural second-person)
*xlěstati (alternative)
*xlostati (alternative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: хляста́ць (xljastácʹ) (dialectal)

Russian: хлеста́ть (xlestátʹ)

West Slavic

Czech: chlostat, chléstat (dialectal)

Polish: chłostać

Slovak: chľastať, chlostať (dialectal)

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: chłostaś

Upper Sorbian: chłostać


obačiti

obačenьje (noun-from-verb)
obačiti (infinitive)
obačitъ (supine)
obačilъ (l-participle)
obačenъ (participle passive past)
obačimъ (participle passive present)
obačь (active participle past)
obačę (active participle present)
obačixъ (aorist first-person singular)
obači (aorist second-person singular)
obači (aorist singular third-person)
obačǫ (first-person present singular)
obačiši (present second-person singular)
obačitь (present singular third-person)
obačixově (aorist dual first-person)
obačista (aorist dual second-person)
obačiste (aorist dual third-person)
obačivě (dual first-person present)
obačita (dual present second-person)
obačite (dual present third-person)
obačixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
obačiste (aorist plural second-person)
obačišę (aorist plural third-person)
obačimъ (first-person plural present)
obačite (plural present second-person)
obačętь (plural present third-person)
obačaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
obačaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
obačaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
obači (imperative second-person singular)
obači (imperative singular third-person)
obačaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
obačaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
obačaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
obačivě (dual first-person imperative)
obačita (dual imperative second-person)
obačaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
obačaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
obačaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
obačimъ (first-person imperative plural)
obačite (imperative plural second-person)
*bačiti (alternative)

West Slavic:

desctree

Old Polish: obaczyć
Polish: obaczyć, obacyć (Near Masovian), ôbácyć (Biecz), obácyć (Podegrodzie)
Silesian: ôbŏczyć
→ Old Ruthenian: оба́чити (obáčiti), оба́чыти (obáčyti)
Belarusian: аба́чыць (abáčycʹ), оба́чыць (obáčycʹ) (dialectal)
Carpathian Rusyn: оба́чити (obáčyty)
Ukrainian: оба́чити (obáčyty)
→ Middle Russian: оба́чить (obáčitʹ)
Russian: оба́чить (obáčitʹ) (dialectal)
→? Old Slovak: *obačiť
Pannonian Rusyn: обачиц (obačic)
Slovak: obačiť (dialectal)

⇒ Old Polish: baczyć
Polish: baczyć, bacyć (Far Masovian, Lasovia)
Silesian: bŏczyć
→ Old Ruthenian: ба́чити (báčiti), ба́чыти (báčyti)
Belarusian: ба́чыць (báčycʹ)
Carpathian Rusyn: ба́чити (báčyty)
Ukrainian: ба́чити (báčyty)
→ Lithuanian: bõčyti
→ Middle Russian: ба́чить (báčitʹ)
Russian: ба́чить (báčitʹ) (archaic)
→? Czech: báčiť (dialectal)
→? Old Slovak: *báčiť
Pannonian Rusyn: бачиц (bačic)
→? Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: ба́чити
Latin script: báčiti
Slovak: báčiť, bačic (dialectal)
Pomeranian:
→ Kashubian: baczëc
→ Slovincian: baczic

Uncertain. The form without the initial *o- arose from the re-decomposition of *ob-ačiti > *obačiti > *o-bačiti > *bačiti, where the first part was perceived as the Slavic suffix *o(b)-.
* Borrowed from Eastern Iranian languages, probably from Scythian *abi-āšaya- (as is Proto-Slavic *gъpanъ (“ruler, master”)), further from Proto-Iranian *Habí-Hāxšáyati (“to watch; to guard, protect”) (compare Younger Avestan 𐬀𐬌𐬡𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀 (aⁱβiiāxšaiia, “to guard, supervise”), 𐬀𐬌𐬡𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬑𐬱𐬙𐬀𐬭 (aⁱβiiāxštar, “observer”), Khwarezmian [script needed] (βyxȳ-), [script needed] (ʾβyxy-, “to learn from, apprehend, retain”), Yagnobi яхшта (yaxšta, “to be seen, visible”)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Habʰí (“to, upon”) + *Hákši (“eye”) + Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti.
* Traditionally derived from *o(b)- + **ačiti, where the root is presumably derived from *ȍko (“eye”), *ȍči du + *-iti. Controversial due to lack of evidence for **ačiti and unclear long vowel in the first syllable *o- > *ō- > *a-, which is not in Church Slavonic обочити (obočiti, “to render manifest”) < Proto-Slavic *obočiti.
Both of the above theories trace the main semantic component back ultimately to Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”).
Other etymologies are unconvincing:
* The assumption of borrowing from Proto-Turkic *bak- (“to look; to watch”) (compare Turkish bakmak, Crimean Tatar baqmaq) is rejected.
* Doubtful from **ba-k-iti, which is supposedly derived from the interjection *ba! (“wow, really”) + *-k- extension + *-iti.
* From the hypothetical **ba-kъ (“watchman, overseer, guardian”), which ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (“to speak, say”), as in *bàjati (“to tell”).

cog

𐬀𐬌𐬡𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀

noncog

(West Slavic) to see, to notice, to watch

be:Віктар Уладзіміравіч Мартынаў

ru:Аникин, Александр Евгеньевич

ru:Преображенский, Александр Григорьевич

uk:Мельничук Олександр Савич


lъža

lъža (nominative singular)
lъži (dual nominative)
lъžę̇ (nominative plural)
lъžę̇ (genitive singular)
lъžu (dual genitive)
lъžь (genitive plural)
lъži (dative singular)
lъžama (dative dual)
lъžamъ (dative plural)
lъžǫ (accusative singular)
lъži (accusative dual)
lъžę̇ (accusative plural)
lъžejǫ (instrumental singular)
lъžǫ (instrumental singular)
lъžama (dual instrumental)
lъžami (instrumental plural)
lъži (locative singular)
lъžu (dual locative)
lъžasъ (locative plural)
lъžaxъ (locative plural)
lъže (singular vocative)
lъži (dual vocative)
lъžę̇ (plural vocative)
*lъžь (alternative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: лжа (lža)

Russian: лжа (lža)

Ukrainian: лжа (lža), олжа́ (olžá)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: лъжа (lŭža)

Bulgarian: лъжа́ (lǎžá)

Macedonian: лажа (laža)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ла̏жа

Latin script: lȁža

Slovene: laža

West Slavic:

Old Polish: łeż, łża

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: łdža

Upper Sorbian: łža


obličьje

obličьje (nominative singular)
obličьji (dual nominative)
obličьja (nominative plural)
obličьja (genitive singular)
obličьju (dual genitive)
obličьjь (genitive plural)
obličьju (dative singular)
obličьjema (dative dual)
obličьjemъ (dative plural)
obličьje (accusative singular)
obličьji (accusative dual)
obličьja (accusative plural)
obličьjьmь (instrumental singular)
obličьjemь (instrumental singular)
obličьjema (dual instrumental)
obličьji (instrumental plural)
obličьji (locative singular)
obličьju (dual locative)
obličьjixъ (locative plural)
obličьje (singular vocative)
obličьji (dual vocative)
obličьja (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: обличье (obličĭje), обличие (obličije)

Old Ruthenian: обли́чьє (oblíčʹje), обли́чїє (oblíčije), обли́чъє (oblíčʺje), обли́чє (oblíčje), обли́ччє (oblíččje)

Belarusian: аблі́чча (ablíčča); облі́чче (oblíččje), облі́ч'е (oblíčʺje) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: обли́ччя (oblýččja); обли́ча (oblýča) (dialectal)

Russian: обли́чье (oblíčʹje), обли́чие (oblíčije)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⱁⰱⰾⰻⱍⰻⰵ (obličie)

Old Cyrillic script: обличиѥ (obličije)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: о̀блӣчје

Latin script: òblīčje

Slovene: oblíčje (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: obličie, obličěj

Czech: obličej

Old Polish: oblicze

Polish: oblicze

Silesian: ôblicze

Old Slovak: obličaj

Slovak: obličaj (archaic)

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: hoblico, woblice (obsolete), woblico

Upper Sorbian: wobličo


dъvidzь

South Slavic:

⇒ Bulgarian: дви́зка f (dvízka), двиза́к m (dvizák)

⇒ Macedonian: ѕвиска f (dzviska), ѕвизак m (dzvizak)

⇒ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: дви̏ска f, двѝзица f, дви́зац m

Latin script: dvȉska f, dvìzica f, dvízac m

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dweigas (o-stem), *dweigis (i-stem), cognate with Lithuanian dveigỹs, from Proto-Indo-European *dwi- (“two”).
The suffix is also found in Lithuanian treigỹs (“three-year-old”)


lǫtъ

lǫtъ (nominative singular)
lǫta (dual nominative)
lǫti (nominative plural)
lǫta (genitive singular)
lǫtu (dual genitive)
lǫtъ (genitive plural)
lǫtu (dative singular)
lǫtoma (dative dual)
lǫtomъ (dative plural)
lǫtъ (accusative singular)
lǫta (accusative dual)
lǫty (accusative plural)
lǫtъmь (instrumental singular)
lǫtomь (instrumental singular)
lǫtoma (dual instrumental)
lǫty (instrumental plural)
lǫtě (locative singular)
lǫtu (dual locative)
lǫtěxъ (locative plural)
lǫte (singular vocative)
lǫta (dual vocative)
lǫti (plural vocative)
*lǫto (alternative)
*lǫtь (alternative)
*lǫta (alternative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: лут (lut)

Russian: лут (lut)

Ukrainian: лут (lut)

South Slavic:

⇒? Serbo-Croatian: (probably)

Cyrillic script: лу́так

Latin script: lútak

Slovene: lọt (dialectal)

West Slavic:

Czech: lut (dialectal)

⇒ Czech: loutka

Polish: łęt (“plant stem”)

Slovincian: łąt

Akin to Lithuanian lentà (“plank”), Latvian lenta (“id.”) and probably further related to Proto-Germanic *linþaz (“flexible”), Latin lentus (“sticky, pliant”), Albanian lëndë (“timber”).


božьnica

božьnica (nominative singular)
božьnici (dual nominative)
božьnicę̇ (nominative plural)
božьnicę̇ (genitive singular)
božьnicu (dual genitive)
božьnicь (genitive plural)
božьnici (dative singular)
božьnicama (dative dual)
božьnicamъ (dative plural)
božьnicǫ (accusative singular)
božьnici (accusative dual)
božьnicę̇ (accusative plural)
božьnicejǫ (instrumental singular)
božьnicǫ (instrumental singular)
božьnicama (dual instrumental)
božьnicami (instrumental plural)
božьnici (locative singular)
božьnicu (dual locative)
božьnicasъ (locative plural)
božьnicaxъ (locative plural)
božьnice (singular vocative)
božьnici (dual vocative)
božьnicę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: божьница (božĭnica), бозьница (bozĭnica)
Old Ruthenian: божни́ца (božníca), божни́цꙗ (božnícja)
Belarusian: (obsolete) бажні́ца (bažníca)
Carpathian Rusyn: божни́ця (božnýcja)
Ukrainian: божни́ця (božnýcja); (dialectal) біжни́ця (bižnýcja)
Russian: божни́ца (božníca)
→ Latvian: baznīca
→ Latgalian: bazneica

West Slavic:

Old Czech: božnicě

Czech: božnice

Old Polish: bóżnica

Polish: bożnica, bóźnica, bóżnica

Slovak: božnica (dialectal)

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: bóżnica

Slovincian: bóżnjica


stъlpъ

stъ̃lpъ (canonical masculine)
stъ̃lpъ (nominative singular)
stъlpà (dual nominative)
stъlpì (nominative plural)
stъlpà (genitive singular)
stъlpù (dual genitive)
stъ̃lpъ (genitive plural)
stъlpù (dative singular)
stъlpòma (dative dual)
stъlpòmъ (dative plural)
stъ̃lpъ (accusative singular)
stъlpà (accusative dual)
stъlpỳ (accusative plural)
stъlpъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
stъlpòmь (instrumental singular)
stъlpòma (dual instrumental)
stъ̃lpy (instrumental plural)
stъlpě̀ (locative singular)
stъlpù (dual locative)
stъ̃lpěxъ (locative plural)
stъlpe (singular vocative)
stъlpà (dual vocative)
stъlpì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: стълпъ (stŭlpŭ)

Old Ruthenian: стовпъ (stovp), столпъ (stolp)
Belarusian: стоўп (stoŭp)
Carpathian Rusyn: стовп (stovp)
Ukrainian: стовп (stovp)
→ Polish: stołp

Russian: столп (stolp) (see there for further descendants)

→ Estonian: tulp

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱅⰾⱏⱂⱏ (stlŭpŭ)

Old Cyrillic script: стлъпъ (stlŭpŭ)
Bulgarian: стълп (stǎlp)
Macedonian: столп (stolp)
→ Romanian: stâlp

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сту̑п

Latin script: stȗp

Slovene: stȍlp (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: stlúp

Czech: sloup

Old Polish:

Polish: słup

→ Old Ruthenian: слупъ (slup)

Belarusian: слуп (slup)

Ukrainian: слуп (slup)

Silesian: sup

Old Slovak: stĺp, slúp, stlúp

Pannonian Rusyn: слуп (slup)

Slovak: stĺp, slúp

Polabian: ståup

→ Middle Low German: staup, stûp

→ Middle High German: stūpe

→ German: Staupe

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: słup, stôłp

Slovincian: slúp

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: słup

Upper Sorbian: stołp

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: oszlop

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *stulpas / *stulbas, from Proto-Indo-European *stl̥-p-ós / *stl̥-bʰ-ós, from *stel-. Doublet of *stъlbъ. Cognates include Lithuanian stul̃pas, stul̃pa, Latvian stùlps.


čьvanъ

čьvanъ (nominative singular)
čьvana (dual nominative)
čьvani (nominative plural)
čьvana (genitive singular)
čьvanu (dual genitive)
čьvanъ (genitive plural)
čьvanu (dative singular)
čьvanoma (dative dual)
čьvanomъ (dative plural)
čьvanъ (accusative singular)
čьvana (accusative dual)
čьvany (accusative plural)
čьvanъmь (instrumental singular)
čьvanomь (instrumental singular)
čьvanoma (dual instrumental)
čьvanȳ (instrumental plural)
čьvaně (locative singular)
čьvanu (dual locative)
čьvaně̄xъ (locative plural)
čьvane (singular vocative)
čьvana (dual vocative)
čьvani (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

⇒ Old Ruthenian: чва́нецъ (čvánecʹ)

Ukrainian: чва́нець (čvánecʹ)

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic: чьванъ (čĭvanŭ)

⇒ Bulgarian: чва́ница (čvánica)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чва̏н

Latin script: čvȁn

Alternative form of *čьbanъ (“jug, pitcher”)


čьvanъ

čьvanъ (nominative singular)
čьvana (dual nominative)
čьvani (nominative plural)
čьvana (genitive singular)
čьvanu (dual genitive)
čьvanъ (genitive plural)
čьvanu (dative singular)
čьvanoma (dative dual)
čьvanomъ (dative plural)
čьvanъ (accusative singular)
čьvana (accusative dual)
čьvany (accusative plural)
čьvanъmь (instrumental singular)
čьvanomь (instrumental singular)
čьvanoma (dual instrumental)
čьvany (instrumental plural)
čьvaně (locative singular)
čьvanu (dual locative)
čьvaněxъ (locative plural)
čьvane (singular vocative)
čьvana (dual vocative)
čьvani (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: чьванъ (čĭvanŭ)

⇒ Russian: чва́нный (čvánnyj)

⇒ Ukrainian: чванни́й (čvannýj)

South Slavic:

desc

>? Slovene: čvȃnj m, čvánja f (“drunkard”)

West Slavic:

Polish: cwany (“sly, cunning”)

Substantivized n-participle of *čьvati (“to booster”) + *-anъ. ESSJa distinguish the two meanings.

(East and possibly South Slavic) presumptuous, arrogant


ratь

ratь (nominative singular)
rati (dual nominative)
rati (nominative plural)
rati (genitive singular)
ratьju (dual genitive)
ratьjь (genitive plural)
rati (dative singular)
ratьma (dative dual)
ratьmъ (dative plural)
ratь (accusative singular)
rati (accusative dual)
rati (accusative plural)
ratьjǫ (instrumental singular)
ratьma (dual instrumental)
ratьmi (instrumental plural)
rati (locative singular)
ratьju (dual locative)
ratьxъ (locative plural)
rati (singular vocative)
rati (dual vocative)
rati (plural vocative)

West Slavic:

Czech: rať (dialectal)

Uncertain. Possibly cognate with Latvian rēta (“scar”).

Oleg Trubachyov
ru:Журавлёв, Анатолий Фёдорович


lopiti

lopľenьje (noun-from-verb)
lopiti (infinitive)
lopitъ (supine)
lopilъ (l-participle)
lopľenъ (participle passive past)
lopimъ (participle passive present)
lopľь (active participle past)
lopę (active participle present)
lopixъ (aorist first-person singular)
lopi (aorist second-person singular)
lopi (aorist singular third-person)
lopľǫ (first-person present singular)
lopiši (present second-person singular)
lopitь (present singular third-person)
lopixově (aorist dual first-person)
lopista (aorist dual second-person)
lopiste (aorist dual third-person)
lopivě (dual first-person present)
lopita (dual present second-person)
lopite (dual present third-person)
lopixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
lopiste (aorist plural second-person)
lopišę (aorist plural third-person)
lopimъ (first-person plural present)
lopite (plural present second-person)
lopętь (plural present third-person)
lopľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
lopľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
lopľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
lopi (imperative second-person singular)
lopi (imperative singular third-person)
lopľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
lopľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
lopľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
lopivě (dual first-person imperative)
lopita (dual imperative second-person)
lopľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
lopľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
lopľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
lopimъ (first-person imperative plural)
lopite (imperative plural second-person)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ло̀пити

Latin script: lòpiti

Slovene: lôpiti (tonal orthography)


voltь

vȏltь (canonical feminine)
vȏltь (nominative singular)
vȏlti (dual nominative)
vȏlti (nominative plural)
voltí (genitive singular)
voltьjù (dual genitive)
voltь̀jь (genitive plural)
vȏlti (dative singular)
voltьmà (dative dual)
vȏltьmъ (dative plural)
vȏltь (accusative singular)
vȏlti (accusative dual)
vȏlti (accusative plural)
voltьjǫ́ (instrumental singular)
voltьmà (dual instrumental)
voltьmì (instrumental plural)
voltí (locative singular)
voltьjù (dual locative)
vȏltьxъ (locative plural)
volti (singular vocative)
vȏlti (dual vocative)
vȏlti (plural vocative)
*voltъ (alternative)
*volta (alternative)

East Slavic:

Russian: во́лоть (vólotʹ)

Ukrainian: во́лоть (vólotʹ)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: вла̑т

Latin script: vlȃt

Slovene: vlȃt, lȃt, látje

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vlat

Old Polish: włoć, błoć

Polish: włoć

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *walˀtiš, cognate with Lithuanian váltis (“oat ear”), Old Prussian wolti (“ear of corn”). Possibly further akin to Proto-Germanic *walþuz (“forest”), Old Irish folt (“hair”).


kostъka

kostъka (nominative singular)
kostъcě (dual nominative)
kostъky (nominative plural)
kostъky (genitive singular)
kostъku (dual genitive)
kostъkъ (genitive plural)
kostъcě (dative singular)
kostъkama (dative dual)
kostъkamъ (dative plural)
kostъkǫ (accusative singular)
kostъcě (accusative dual)
kostъky (accusative plural)
kostъkojǫ (instrumental singular)
kostъkǫ (instrumental singular)
kostъkama (dual instrumental)
kostъkami (instrumental plural)
kostъcě (locative singular)
kostъku (dual locative)
kostъkasъ (locative plural)
kostъkaxъ (locative plural)
kostъko (singular vocative)
kostъcě (dual vocative)
kostъky (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *костъка (*kostŭka)

Old Ruthenian: ко́стка (kóstka)

desc

Belarusian: ко́стка (kóstka) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: кі́стка (kístka)

Middle Russian: ко́стка (kóstka)

⇒ Russian: (dialectal) косто́к m (kostók)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Bulgarian: ко́ска (kóska) (dialectal)

Macedonian: коска (koska)

костъка (kostŭka)

New Church Slavonic: костъка (kostŭka)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ко̏ска, ко̏цка

Latin script: kȍska, kȍcka

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: kȏstka, kôсka (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kostka, kóstka

Czech: kostka, kůstka

desctree

Old Polish: kostka
Polish: kostka
Silesian: kostka

Old Slovak: kôstka, kústka, kostka

Pannonian Rusyn: костка (kostka)

desc

Slovak: kostka, kocka; koska (dialectal)

Polabian: töstkă, töskă

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: kòstka

Slovincian: kôstka

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: kóstka

Upper Sorbian: kóstka

Non-Slavic:

→ Albanian: kockë

→ Hungarian: kocka

→ Romanian: coțcă

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *kost-der.
Proto-Slavic *kȍstь
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ
Proto-Slavic *-ъka
Proto-Slavic *kostъka
From *kȍstь + *-ъka.


xmurьnъ

naučьnъ (masculine nominative singular)
naučьna (feminine nominative singular)
naučьno (neuter nominative singular)
naučьna (genitive masculine singular)
naučьny (feminine genitive singular)
naučьna (genitive neuter singular)
naučьnu (dative masculine singular)
naučьně (dative feminine singular)
naučьnu (dative neuter singular)
naučьnъ (accusative masculine singular)
naučьnǫ (accusative feminine singular)
naučьno (accusative neuter singular)
naučьnomь (instrumental masculine singular)
naučьnojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
naučьnomь (instrumental neuter singular)
naučьně (locative masculine singular)
naučьně (feminine locative singular)
naučьně (locative neuter singular)
naučьne (masculine singular vocative)
naučьno (feminine singular vocative)
naučьno (neuter singular vocative)
naučьna (dual masculine nominative)
naučьně (dual feminine nominative)
naučьně (dual neuter nominative)
naučьnu (dual genitive masculine)
naučьnu (dual feminine genitive)
naučьnu (dual genitive neuter)
naučьnoma (dative dual masculine)
naučьnama (dative dual feminine)
naučьnoma (dative dual neuter)
naučьna (accusative dual masculine)
naučьně (accusative dual feminine)
naučьně (accusative dual neuter)
naučьnoma (dual instrumental masculine)
naučьnama (dual feminine instrumental)
naučьnoma (dual instrumental neuter)
naučьnu (dual locative masculine)
naučьnu (dual feminine locative)
naučьnu (dual locative neuter)
naučьna (dual masculine vocative)
naučьně (dual feminine vocative)
naučьně (dual neuter vocative)
naučьni (masculine nominative plural)
naučьny (feminine nominative plural)
naučьna (neuter nominative plural)
naučьnъ (genitive masculine plural)
naučьnъ (feminine genitive plural)
naučьnъ (genitive neuter plural)
naučьnomъ (dative masculine plural)
naučьnamъ (dative feminine plural)
naučьnomъ (dative neuter plural)
naučьny (accusative masculine plural)
naučьny (accusative feminine plural)
naučьna (accusative neuter plural)
naučьny (instrumental masculine plural)
naučьnami (feminine instrumental plural)
naučьny (instrumental neuter plural)
naučьněxъ (locative masculine plural)
naučьnaxъ (feminine locative plural)
naučьněxъ (locative neuter plural)
naučьni (masculine plural vocative)
naučьny (feminine plural vocative)
naučьna (neuter plural vocative)
naučьnъjь (masculine nominative singular)
naučьnaja (feminine nominative singular)
naučьnoje (neuter nominative singular)
naučьnajego (genitive masculine singular)
naučьnyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
naučьnajego (genitive neuter singular)
naučьnujemu (dative masculine singular)
naučьněji (dative feminine singular)
naučьnujemu (dative neuter singular)
naučьnъjь (accusative masculine singular)
naučьnǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
naučьnoje (accusative neuter singular)
naučьnyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
naučьnǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
naučьnyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
naučьnějemь (locative masculine singular)
naučьněji (feminine locative singular)
naučьnějemь (locative neuter singular)
naučьnъjь (masculine singular vocative)
naučьnaja (feminine singular vocative)
naučьnoje (neuter singular vocative)
naučьnaja (dual masculine nominative)
naučьněji (dual feminine nominative)
naučьněji (dual neuter nominative)
naučьnuju (dual genitive masculine)
naučьnuju (dual feminine genitive)
naučьnuju (dual genitive neuter)
naučьnyjima (dative dual masculine)
naučьnyjima (dative dual feminine)
naučьnyjima (dative dual neuter)
naučьnaja (accusative dual masculine)
naučьněji (accusative dual feminine)
naučьněji (accusative dual neuter)
naučьnyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
naučьnyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
naučьnyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
naučьnuju (dual locative masculine)
naučьnuju (dual feminine locative)
naučьnuju (dual locative neuter)
naučьnaja (dual masculine vocative)
naučьněji (dual feminine vocative)
naučьněji (dual neuter vocative)
naučьniji (masculine nominative plural)
naučьnyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
naučьnaja (neuter nominative plural)
naučьnъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
naučьnъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
naučьnъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
naučьnyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
naučьnyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
naučьnyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
naučьnyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
naučьnyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
naučьnaja (accusative neuter plural)
naučьnyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
naučьnyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
naučьnyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
naučьnyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
naučьnyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
naučьnyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
naučьniji (masculine plural vocative)
naučьnyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
naučьnaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *хмурьнъ (*xmurĭnŭ)

Old Ruthenian: хму́рный (xmúrnyj)

Belarusian: хму́рны (xmúrny)

Ukrainian: хму́рни́й (xmúrnýj)

Middle Russian: хмурный (xmurnyj)

Russian: хмурно́й (xmurnój) (dialectal)

West Slavic:

Czech: chmurný

Polish: chmurny

Old Slovak: chmúrny

Pannonian Rusyn: хмурни (xmurni)

Slovak: chmúrny

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: chmùrny

Slovincian: xmᵘ̯urnḯ

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: khmurny


xmyzъ

xmyzъ (nominative singular)
xmyza (dual nominative)
xmyzi (nominative plural)
xmyza (genitive singular)
xmyzu (dual genitive)
xmyzъ (genitive plural)
xmyzu (dative singular)
xmyzoma (dative dual)
xmyzomъ (dative plural)
xmyzъ (accusative singular)
xmyza (accusative dual)
xmyzy (accusative plural)
xmyzъmь (instrumental singular)
xmyzomь (instrumental singular)
xmyzoma (dual instrumental)
xmyzy (instrumental plural)
xmyzě (locative singular)
xmyzu (dual locative)
xmyzěxъ (locative plural)
xmyze (singular vocative)
xmyza (dual vocative)
xmyzi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *хмꙑзъ (*xmyzŭ)

desc

Old Ruthenian: *хмызъ (*xmyz), хмысъ (xmys)

Belarusian: хмыз (xmyz)

Ukrainian: хмиз (xmyz)

→ Polish: chmyz (dialectal)

Russian: хмыз (xmyz), хмыс (xmys) (dialectal)

From earlier *smyzъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *smūˀź-, from Proto-Indo-European *smuHgʰ- / *smeuHgʰ-. Semantic development: “smoke, haze, fog” > “thickets” > “brushwood”. Cognate with English smoke, German Schmauch.

thicket, shrubbery, brushwood (small trees and shrubs)


golsiti

golšenьje (noun-from-verb)
golsiti (infinitive)
golsitъ (supine)
golsilъ (l-participle)
golšenъ (participle passive past)
golsimъ (participle passive present)
golšь (active participle past)
golsę (active participle present)
golsixъ (aorist first-person singular)
golsi (aorist second-person singular)
golsi (aorist singular third-person)
golšǫ (first-person present singular)
golsiši (present second-person singular)
golsitь (present singular third-person)
golsixově (aorist dual first-person)
golsista (aorist dual second-person)
golsiste (aorist dual third-person)
golsivě (dual first-person present)
golsita (dual present second-person)
golsite (dual present third-person)
golsixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
golsiste (aorist plural second-person)
golsišę (aorist plural third-person)
golsimъ (first-person plural present)
golsite (plural present second-person)
golsętь (plural present third-person)
golšaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
golšaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
golšaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
golsi (imperative second-person singular)
golsi (imperative singular third-person)
golšaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
golšaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
golšaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
golsivě (dual first-person imperative)
golsita (dual imperative second-person)
golšaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
golšaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
golšaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
golsimъ (first-person imperative plural)
golsite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: галасі́ць (halasícʹ)

Russian: голоси́ть (golosítʹ)

Ukrainian: голоси́ти (holosýty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: гласити (glasiti)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: гла́сити

Latin script: glásiti

Slovene: glasīti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: głosëc

Slovincian: glôsëc

Old Czech: hlásiti

Czech: hlásit

Old Polish: głosić

Polish: głosić

Silesian: głosić

Old Slovak: hlásiť

Slovak: hlásiť

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: głosyś


věrovati

vě̀rovati (canonical imperfective)
a (accent-paradigm)
věrovanьje (noun-from-verb)
věrovati (infinitive)
věrovatъ (supine)
věrovalъ (l-participle)
a (accent-paradigm)
věrovanъ (participle passive past)
věrujemъ (participle passive present)
věrovavъ (active participle past)
věruję (active participle present)
a (accent-paradigm)
věrovaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
věrova (aorist second-person singular)
věrova (aorist singular third-person)
věrujǫ (first-person present singular)
věruješi (present second-person singular)
věrujetь (present singular third-person)
věrovaxově (aorist dual first-person)
věrovasta (aorist dual second-person)
věrovaste (aorist dual third-person)
věrujevě (dual first-person present)
věrujeta (dual present second-person)
věrujete (dual present third-person)
věrovaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
věrovaste (aorist plural second-person)
věrovašę (aorist plural third-person)
věrujemъ (first-person plural present)
věrujete (plural present second-person)
věrujǫtь (plural present third-person)
věrovaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
věrovaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
věrovaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
věruji (imperative second-person singular)
věruji (imperative singular third-person)
věrovaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
věrovaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
věrovaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
věrujivě (dual first-person imperative)
věrujita (dual imperative second-person)
věrovaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
věrovaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
věrovaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
věrujimъ (first-person imperative plural)
věrujite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: вѣровати (věrovati)
Old Ruthenian: вѣровати (věrovati)
Belarusian: ве́раваць (vjéravacʹ)
Carpathian Rusyn: ві́ровати (vírovaty)
Ukrainian: ві́рувати (víruvaty)
Russian: ве́ровать (vérovatʹ)

South Slavic:

desc

Old Church Slavonic: вѣровати (věrovati)

Bulgarian: вя̀рвам (vjàrvam)

Macedonian: верува (veruva)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: вје̏ровати

Latin script: vjȅrovati

Slovene: vérovati (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: verovati

Old Slovak: verovať

From *věra (“faith”) + *-ovati, with *věriti as a competing form. Absent from West Slavic; possibly a South Slavic innovation, and loaned from Old Church Slavonic into East Slavic languages, where it is a higher-register synonym of the *věriti reflexes.


golgoliti

golgoľenьje (noun-from-verb)
golgoliti (infinitive)
golgolitъ (supine)
golgolilъ (l-participle)
golgoľenъ (participle passive past)
golgolimъ (participle passive present)
golgoľь (active participle past)
golgolę (active participle present)
golgolixъ (aorist first-person singular)
golgoli (aorist second-person singular)
golgoli (aorist singular third-person)
golgoľǫ (first-person present singular)
golgoliši (present second-person singular)
golgolitь (present singular third-person)
golgolixově (aorist dual first-person)
golgolista (aorist dual second-person)
golgoliste (aorist dual third-person)
golgolivě (dual first-person present)
golgolita (dual present second-person)
golgolite (dual present third-person)
golgolixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
golgoliste (aorist plural second-person)
golgolišę (aorist plural third-person)
golgolimъ (first-person plural present)
golgolite (plural present second-person)
golgolętь (plural present third-person)
golgoľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
golgoľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
golgoľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
golgoli (imperative second-person singular)
golgoli (imperative singular third-person)
golgoľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
golgoľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
golgoľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
golgolivě (dual first-person imperative)
golgolita (dual imperative second-person)
golgoľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
golgoľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
golgoľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
golgolimъ (first-person imperative plural)
golgolite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: голого́лить (gologólitʹ) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

→ Old Ruthenian: глаго́лити (hlahóliti)

Ukrainian: глаго́лити (hlahólyty) (archaic)

→ Russian: глаго́лить (glagólitʹ) (dated)

Bulgarian: глаго́ля (glagólja) (archaic, literary)

Macedonian: глаголи (glagoli) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian: (archaic)

Cyrillic script: глаго̀лити

Latin script: glagòliti

West Slavic:

Czech: hláholit

Slovak: hlaholiť (literary)


vysъlati

vysylati (imperfective)
b (accent-paradigm)
vysъlanьje (noun-from-verb)
vysъlati (infinitive)
vysъlatъ (supine)
vysъlalъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
vysъlanъ (participle passive past)
vysъlavъ (active participle past)
b (accent-paradigm)
vysъlaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
vysъla (aorist second-person singular)
vysъla (aorist singular third-person)
vysъľǫ (first-person present singular)
vysъľeši (present second-person singular)
vysъľetь (present singular third-person)
vysъlaxově (aorist dual first-person)
vysъlasta (aorist dual second-person)
vysъlaste (aorist dual third-person)
vysъľevě (dual first-person present)
vysъľeta (dual present second-person)
vysъľete (dual present third-person)
vysъlaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
vysъlaste (aorist plural second-person)
vysъlašę (aorist plural third-person)
vysъľemъ (first-person plural present)
vysъľete (plural present second-person)
vysъľǫtь (plural present third-person)
vysъľi (imperative second-person singular)
vysъľi (imperative singular third-person)
vysъľivě (dual first-person imperative)
vysъľita (dual imperative second-person)
vysъľimъ (first-person imperative plural)
vysъľite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: вы́слаць (výslacʹ)

Russian: вы́слать (výslatʹ)

Ukrainian: ви́слати (výslaty)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vyslati

Czech: vyslat

desctree

Old Polish: wysłać
Polish: wysłać
Silesian: wysłać

Old Slovak: vyslať

Slovak: vyslať

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: wësłac

Slovincian: wëslac


steliti

steľenьje (noun-from-verb)
steliti (infinitive)
stelitъ (supine)
stelilъ (l-participle)
steľenъ (participle passive past)
stelimъ (participle passive present)
steľь (active participle past)
stelę (active participle present)
stelixъ (aorist first-person singular)
steli (aorist second-person singular)
steli (aorist singular third-person)
steľǫ (first-person present singular)
steliši (present second-person singular)
stelitь (present singular third-person)
stelixově (aorist dual first-person)
stelista (aorist dual second-person)
steliste (aorist dual third-person)
stelivě (dual first-person present)
stelita (dual present second-person)
stelite (dual present third-person)
stelixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
steliste (aorist plural second-person)
stelišę (aorist plural third-person)
stelimъ (first-person plural present)
stelite (plural present second-person)
stelętь (plural present third-person)
steľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
steľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
steľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
steli (imperative second-person singular)
steli (imperative singular third-person)
steľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
steľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
steľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
stelivě (dual first-person imperative)
stelita (dual imperative second-person)
steľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
steľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
steľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
stelimъ (first-person imperative plural)
stelite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: стели́ть (stelítʹ)

Ukrainian: стели́ти (stelýty)

West Slavic:

Polish: ścielić

From *stьlati + *-iti with -e- from the present tense conjugation.


polskati

polskanьje (noun-from-verb)
polskati (infinitive)
polskatъ (supine)
polskalъ (l-participle)
polskanъ (participle passive past)
polščemъ (participle passive present)
polskavъ (active participle past)
polščę (active participle present)
polskaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
polska (aorist second-person singular)
polska (aorist singular third-person)
polščǫ (first-person present singular)
polščeši (present second-person singular)
polščetь (present singular third-person)
polskaxově (aorist dual first-person)
polskasta (aorist dual second-person)
polskaste (aorist dual third-person)
polščevě (dual first-person present)
polščeta (dual present second-person)
polščete (dual present third-person)
polskaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
polskaste (aorist plural second-person)
polskašę (aorist plural third-person)
polščemъ (first-person plural present)
polščete (plural present second-person)
polščǫtь (plural present third-person)
polskaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
polskaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
polskaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
polšči (imperative second-person singular)
polšči (imperative singular third-person)
polskaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
polskaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
polskaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
polščivě (dual first-person imperative)
polščita (dual imperative second-person)
polskaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
polskaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
polskaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
polščimъ (first-person imperative plural)
polščite (imperative plural second-person)
polskanьje (noun-from-verb)
polskati (infinitive)
polskatъ (supine)
polskalъ (l-participle)
polskanъ (participle passive past)
polskajemъ (participle passive present)
polskavъ (active participle past)
polskaję (active participle present)
polskaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
polska (aorist second-person singular)
polska (aorist singular third-person)
polskajǫ (first-person present singular)
polskaješi (present second-person singular)
polskajetь (present singular third-person)
polskaxově (aorist dual first-person)
polskasta (aorist dual second-person)
polskaste (aorist dual third-person)
polskajevě (dual first-person present)
polskajeta (dual present second-person)
polskajete (dual present third-person)
polskaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
polskaste (aorist plural second-person)
polskašę (aorist plural third-person)
polskajemъ (first-person plural present)
polskajete (plural present second-person)
polskajǫtь (plural present third-person)
polskaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
polskaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
polskaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
polskaji (imperative second-person singular)
polskaji (imperative singular third-person)
polskaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
polskaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
polskaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
polskajivě (dual first-person imperative)
polskajita (dual imperative second-person)
polskaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
polskaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
polskaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
polskajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
polskajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: полоскати (poloskati)

desc

Old Ruthenian: полоска́ти (poloskáti), полока́ти (polokáti)

Belarusian: паласка́ць (palaskácʹ)

Ukrainian: полоска́ти (poloskáty)

Russian: полоска́ть (poloskátʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⱂⰾⰰⱄⰽⰰⱅⰻ (plaskati)

Old Cyrillic script: пласкати (plaskati)

West Slavic:

Czech: pláskat


kъrpati

kъrpanьje (noun-from-verb)
kъrpati (infinitive)
kъrpatъ (supine)
kъrpalъ (l-participle)
kъrpanъ (participle passive past)
kъrpajemъ (participle passive present)
kъrpavъ (active participle past)
kъrpaję (active participle present)
kъrpaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
kъrpa (aorist second-person singular)
kъrpa (aorist singular third-person)
kъrpajǫ (first-person present singular)
kъrpaješi (present second-person singular)
kъrpajetь (present singular third-person)
kъrpaxově (aorist dual first-person)
kъrpasta (aorist dual second-person)
kъrpaste (aorist dual third-person)
kъrpajevě (dual first-person present)
kъrpajeta (dual present second-person)
kъrpajete (dual present third-person)
kъrpaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
kъrpaste (aorist plural second-person)
kъrpašę (aorist plural third-person)
kъrpajemъ (first-person plural present)
kъrpajete (plural present second-person)
kъrpajǫtь (plural present third-person)
kъrpaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
kъrpaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
kъrpaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
kъrpaji (imperative second-person singular)
kъrpaji (imperative singular third-person)
kъrpaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
kъrpaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
kъrpaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
kъrpajivě (dual first-person imperative)
kъrpajita (dual imperative second-person)
kъrpaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
kъrpaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
kъrpaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
kъrpajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
kъrpajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: ко́рпаць (kórpacʹ), карпа́ць (karpácʹ)

Russian: корпа́ть (korpátʹ) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: ко́рпати (kórpaty)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: къ́рпам (kǎ́rpam) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кр̏пати

Latin script: kȑpati

Slovene: kr̄pati (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: krpati

Czech: krpat

Polish: karpać (dialectal)

Slovak: krpať


sęgъ

sęgъ (nominative singular)
sęga (dual nominative)
sędzi (nominative plural)
sęga (genitive singular)
sęgu (dual genitive)
sęgъ (genitive plural)
sęgu (dative singular)
sęgoma (dative dual)
sęgomъ (dative plural)
sęgъ (accusative singular)
sęga (accusative dual)
sęgy (accusative plural)
sęgъmь (instrumental singular)
sęgomь (instrumental singular)
sęgoma (dual instrumental)
sęgy (instrumental plural)
sędzě (locative singular)
sęgu (dual locative)
sędzěxъ (locative plural)
sęže (singular vocative)
sęga (dual vocative)
sędzi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *сѧгъ (*sęgŭ)

Old Ruthenian: *сѧгъ (*sjah)

Belarusian: сяг (sjah)

Carpathian Rusyn: сяга́ f (sjahá)

Ukrainian: сяг (sjah), сяга́ f (sjahá); сях (sjax) (dialectal)

Russian: сяг (sjag)

⇒ Old East Slavic: *шагъ (*šagŭ)

Old Ruthenian: *шагъ (*šah)

Belarusian: шаг (šah)

Ukrainian: шаг (šah)

Russian: шаг (šag)

West Slavic:

Czech: sáh

Polish: siąg

Silesian: siōng

From *sę̀gati (“to reach for, to attain”) + *-ъ.


murъ

murъ (masculine nominative singular)
mura (feminine nominative singular)
muro (neuter nominative singular)
mura (genitive masculine singular)
mury (feminine genitive singular)
mura (genitive neuter singular)
muru (dative masculine singular)
murě (dative feminine singular)
muru (dative neuter singular)
murъ (accusative masculine singular)
murǫ (accusative feminine singular)
muro (accusative neuter singular)
muromь (instrumental masculine singular)
murojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
muromь (instrumental neuter singular)
murě (locative masculine singular)
murě (feminine locative singular)
murě (locative neuter singular)
mure (masculine singular vocative)
muro (feminine singular vocative)
muro (neuter singular vocative)
mura (dual masculine nominative)
murě (dual feminine nominative)
murě (dual neuter nominative)
muru (dual genitive masculine)
muru (dual feminine genitive)
muru (dual genitive neuter)
muroma (dative dual masculine)
murama (dative dual feminine)
muroma (dative dual neuter)
mura (accusative dual masculine)
murě (accusative dual feminine)
murě (accusative dual neuter)
muroma (dual instrumental masculine)
murama (dual feminine instrumental)
muroma (dual instrumental neuter)
muru (dual locative masculine)
muru (dual feminine locative)
muru (dual locative neuter)
mura (dual masculine vocative)
murě (dual feminine vocative)
murě (dual neuter vocative)
muri (masculine nominative plural)
mury (feminine nominative plural)
mura (neuter nominative plural)
murъ (genitive masculine plural)
murъ (feminine genitive plural)
murъ (genitive neuter plural)
muromъ (dative masculine plural)
muramъ (dative feminine plural)
muromъ (dative neuter plural)
mury (accusative masculine plural)
mury (accusative feminine plural)
mura (accusative neuter plural)
mury (instrumental masculine plural)
murami (feminine instrumental plural)
mury (instrumental neuter plural)
murěxъ (locative masculine plural)
muraxъ (feminine locative plural)
murěxъ (locative neuter plural)
muri (masculine plural vocative)
mury (feminine plural vocative)
mura (neuter plural vocative)
murъjь (masculine nominative singular)
muraja (feminine nominative singular)
muroje (neuter nominative singular)
murajego (genitive masculine singular)
muryję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
murajego (genitive neuter singular)
murujemu (dative masculine singular)
murěji (dative feminine singular)
murujemu (dative neuter singular)
murъjь (accusative masculine singular)
murǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
muroje (accusative neuter singular)
muryjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
murǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
muryjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
murějemь (locative masculine singular)
murěji (feminine locative singular)
murějemь (locative neuter singular)
murъjь (masculine singular vocative)
muraja (feminine singular vocative)
muroje (neuter singular vocative)
muraja (dual masculine nominative)
murěji (dual feminine nominative)
murěji (dual neuter nominative)
muruju (dual genitive masculine)
muruju (dual feminine genitive)
muruju (dual genitive neuter)
muryjima (dative dual masculine)
muryjima (dative dual feminine)
muryjima (dative dual neuter)
muraja (accusative dual masculine)
murěji (accusative dual feminine)
murěji (accusative dual neuter)
muryjima (dual instrumental masculine)
muryjima (dual feminine instrumental)
muryjima (dual instrumental neuter)
muruju (dual locative masculine)
muruju (dual feminine locative)
muruju (dual locative neuter)
muraja (dual masculine vocative)
murěji (dual feminine vocative)
murěji (dual neuter vocative)
muriji (masculine nominative plural)
muryję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
muraja (neuter nominative plural)
murъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
murъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
murъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
muryjimъ (dative masculine plural)
muryjimъ (dative feminine plural)
muryjimъ (dative neuter plural)
muryję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
muryję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
muraja (accusative neuter plural)
muryjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
muryjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
muryjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
muryjixъ (locative masculine plural)
muryjixъ (feminine locative plural)
muryjixъ (locative neuter plural)
muriji (masculine plural vocative)
muryję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
muraja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: му́ры (múry) (dialectal)

Russian: му́рый (múryj) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: му́рий (múryj)

South Slavic:

Slovene: mȗr (tonal orthography)


goruxa

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: горуха (goruxa); ⇒? горухща (goruxšča)

⇒ Old East Slavic: горушьнъ (gorušĭnŭ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

⇒ Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⰳⱁⱃⱓⱎⱐⱀⱏ (gorjušĭnŭ)

Old Cyrillic script: горюшьнъ (gorjušĭnŭ)

Russian Church Slavonic: гороуха (goruxa), горюха (gorjuxa)

гороушьнꙑи (gorušĭnyi)

⇒ Russian Church Slavonic: гороушьнꙑи (gorušĭnyi)

Bulgarian: гору́ха (gorúha) (dialectal), гру́ха (grúha)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: го̀руха, го̀рува (dialectal); ⇒ го̀руша, гору̏ша (dialectal)

Latin script: gòruha, gòruva (dialectal); ⇒ gòruša, gorȕša (dialectal)

⇒ Cyrillic script: гору̀шица (dialectal), гуруши̏а

⇒ Latin script: gorùšica (dialectal), gurušȉca

Slovene: gorúha (tonal orthography)

⇒ Slovene: gorúšica (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: horuch m (dialectal)


goruxa

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: горуха (horuxa)

Ukrainian: горюха (horjuxa) (dialectal)

Russian: го́рю́ха (górjúxa) (dialectal, archaic); ⇒ горю́ша (gorjúša) (dialectal)


zadьnica

zadьnica (nominative singular)
zadьnici (dual nominative)
zadьnicę̇ (nominative plural)
zadьnicę̇ (genitive singular)
zadьnicu (dual genitive)
zadьnicь (genitive plural)
zadьnici (dative singular)
zadьnicama (dative dual)
zadьnicamъ (dative plural)
zadьnicǫ (accusative singular)
zadьnici (accusative dual)
zadьnicę̇ (accusative plural)
zadьnicejǫ (instrumental singular)
zadьnicǫ (instrumental singular)
zadьnicama (dual instrumental)
zadьnicami (instrumental plural)
zadьnici (locative singular)
zadьnicu (dual locative)
zadьnicasъ (locative plural)
zadьnicaxъ (locative plural)
zadьnice (singular vocative)
zadьnici (dual vocative)
zadьnicę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: задьница (zadĭnica)

Old Ruthenian: задница (zadnica), жадница (žadnica)

Belarusian: за́дніца (zádnica)

Carpathian Rusyn: за́дниця (zádnycja)

Ukrainian: за́дниця (zádnycja)

Russian: за́дница (zádnica)

Old Novgorodian: ꙁадьница (zadĭnića), ꙁадьницꙗ (zadĭnićja)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Bulgarian: за̀дница (zàdnica)

Macedonian: задница (zadnica)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: за̏дњица

Latin script: zȁdnjica

West Slavic:

Old Czech: zadnicě

Czech: zadnice

Old Slovak: zadnica

Slovak: zadnica


zaporъ

zaporъ (nominative singular)
zapora (dual nominative)
zapori (nominative plural)
zapora (genitive singular)
zaporu (dual genitive)
zaporъ (genitive plural)
zaporu (dative singular)
zaporoma (dative dual)
zaporomъ (dative plural)
zaporъ (accusative singular)
zapora (accusative dual)
zapory (accusative plural)
zaporъmь (instrumental singular)
zaporomь (instrumental singular)
zaporoma (dual instrumental)
zapory (instrumental plural)
zaporě (locative singular)
zaporu (dual locative)
zaporěxъ (locative plural)
zapore (singular vocative)
zapora (dual vocative)
zapori (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: запо́р (zapór)

Carpathian Rusyn: запо́р (zapór)

Russian: запо́р (zapór)

Ukrainian: запо́р (zapór)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: запо̀р (zapòr)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: за́пор

Latin script: zápor

Slovene: zapȍr (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: zápor

Polish: zapora f

Old Slovak: zápora f, zápor

Slovak: zápor

Deverbal of *zaperti (“to lock”), from *za- + *perti.


otьčь

otьčь (masculine nominative singular)
otьča (feminine nominative singular)
otьče (neuter nominative singular)
otьča (genitive masculine singular)
otьčę̇ (feminine genitive singular)
otьča (genitive neuter singular)
otьču (dative masculine singular)
otьči (dative feminine singular)
otьču (dative neuter singular)
otьčь (accusative masculine singular)
otьčǫ (accusative feminine singular)
otьče (accusative neuter singular)
otьčemь (instrumental masculine singular)
otьčejǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
otьčemь (instrumental neuter singular)
otьči (locative masculine singular)
otьči (feminine locative singular)
otьči (locative neuter singular)
otьču (masculine singular vocative)
otьče (feminine singular vocative)
otьče (neuter singular vocative)
otьča (dual masculine nominative)
otьči (dual feminine nominative)
otьči (dual neuter nominative)
otьču (dual genitive masculine)
otьču (dual feminine genitive)
otьču (dual genitive neuter)
otьčema (dative dual masculine)
otьčama (dative dual feminine)
otьčema (dative dual neuter)
otьča (accusative dual masculine)
otьči (accusative dual feminine)
otьči (accusative dual neuter)
otьčema (dual instrumental masculine)
otьčama (dual feminine instrumental)
otьčema (dual instrumental neuter)
otьču (dual locative masculine)
otьču (dual feminine locative)
otьču (dual locative neuter)
otьča (dual masculine vocative)
otьči (dual feminine vocative)
otьči (dual neuter vocative)
otьči (masculine nominative plural)
otьčę̇ (feminine nominative plural)
otьča (neuter nominative plural)
otьčь (genitive masculine plural)
otьčь (feminine genitive plural)
otьčь (genitive neuter plural)
otьčemъ (dative masculine plural)
otьčamъ (dative feminine plural)
otьčemъ (dative neuter plural)
otьčę̇ (accusative masculine plural)
otьčę̇ (accusative feminine plural)
otьča (accusative neuter plural)
otьči (instrumental masculine plural)
otьčami (feminine instrumental plural)
otьči (instrumental neuter plural)
otьčixъ (locative masculine plural)
otьčaxъ (feminine locative plural)
otьčixъ (locative neuter plural)
otьči (masculine plural vocative)
otьčę̇ (feminine plural vocative)
otьča (neuter plural vocative)
otьčьjь (masculine nominative singular)
otьčaja (feminine nominative singular)
otьčeje (neuter nominative singular)
otьčajego (genitive masculine singular)
otьčę̇ję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
otьčajego (genitive neuter singular)
otьčujemu (dative masculine singular)
otьčiji (dative feminine singular)
otьčujemu (dative neuter singular)
otьčьjь (accusative masculine singular)
otьčǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
otьčeje (accusative neuter singular)
otьčijimь (instrumental masculine singular)
otьčǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
otьčijimь (instrumental neuter singular)
otьčijemь (locative masculine singular)
otьčiji (feminine locative singular)
otьčijemь (locative neuter singular)
otьčьjь (masculine singular vocative)
otьčaja (feminine singular vocative)
otьčeje (neuter singular vocative)
otьčaja (dual masculine nominative)
otьčiji (dual feminine nominative)
otьčiji (dual neuter nominative)
otьčuju (dual genitive masculine)
otьčuju (dual feminine genitive)
otьčuju (dual genitive neuter)
otьčijima (dative dual masculine)
otьčijima (dative dual feminine)
otьčijima (dative dual neuter)
otьčaja (accusative dual masculine)
otьčiji (accusative dual feminine)
otьčiji (accusative dual neuter)
otьčijima (dual instrumental masculine)
otьčijima (dual feminine instrumental)
otьčijima (dual instrumental neuter)
otьčuju (dual locative masculine)
otьčuju (dual feminine locative)
otьčuju (dual locative neuter)
otьčaja (dual masculine vocative)
otьčiji (dual feminine vocative)
otьčiji (dual neuter vocative)
otьčiji (masculine nominative plural)
otьčę̇ję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
otьčaja (neuter nominative plural)
otьčьjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
otьčьjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
otьčьjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
otьčijimъ (dative masculine plural)
otьčijimъ (dative feminine plural)
otьčijimъ (dative neuter plural)
otьčę̇ję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
otьčę̇ję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
otьčaja (accusative neuter plural)
otьčijimi (instrumental masculine plural)
otьčijimi (feminine instrumental plural)
otьčijimi (instrumental neuter plural)
otьčijixъ (locative masculine plural)
otьčijixъ (feminine locative plural)
otьčijixъ (locative neuter plural)
otьčiji (masculine plural vocative)
otьčę̇ję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
otьčaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: отьчь (otĭčĭ)

Old Ruthenian: отчїй (otčij)

⇒ Belarusian: ойчы (ójčy) (dialectal)

Carpathian Rusyn: о́тчый (ótčŷj)

Ukrainian: вітчий (vitčyj), о́тчий (ótčyj) (dialectal)

Middle Russian: отчий (otčij), отечий (otečij)

Russian: о́тчий (ótčij); во́тчий (vótčij) (dialectal)

Old Novgorodian: отьць (otĭćĭ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⱁⱅⱐⱍⱐ (otĭčĭ)

Old Cyrillic script: отьчь (otĭčĭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: отач

Latin script: otač

West Slavic:

Czech: otčí

Old Slovak: otčí

ru:Журавлёв, Анатолий Фёдорович


pьsьcь

pьsьcь (nominative singular)
pьsьca (dual nominative)
pьsьci (nominative plural)
pьsьca (genitive singular)
pьsьcu (dual genitive)
pьsьcь (genitive plural)
pьsьcu (dative singular)
pьsьcema (dative dual)
pьsьcemъ (dative plural)
pьsьcь (accusative singular)
pьsьca (accusative dual)
pьsьcę̇ (accusative plural)
pьsьcьmь (instrumental singular)
pьsьcemь (instrumental singular)
pьsьcema (dual instrumental)
pьsьci (instrumental plural)
pьsьci (locative singular)
pьsьcu (dual locative)
pьsьcixъ (locative plural)
pьsьče (singular vocative)
pьsьca (dual vocative)
pьsьci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: пьсьць (pĭsĭcĭ)

Old Ruthenian: песе́цъ (pesécʹ)

Belarusian: пясе́ц (pjasjéc)

Ukrainian: песе́ць (pesécʹ)

Russian: песе́ц (peséc)

Old Novgorodian: пьсьць (pĭsĭćĭ)

West Slavic:

Polish: piesiec


zaslonъ

zaslonъ (nominative singular)
zaslona (dual nominative)
zasloni (nominative plural)
zaslona (genitive singular)
zaslonu (dual genitive)
zaslonъ (genitive plural)
zaslonu (dative singular)
zaslonoma (dative dual)
zaslonomъ (dative plural)
zaslonъ (accusative singular)
zaslona (accusative dual)
zaslony (accusative plural)
zaslonъmь (instrumental singular)
zaslonomь (instrumental singular)
zaslonoma (dual instrumental)
zaslony (instrumental plural)
zasloně (locative singular)
zaslonu (dual locative)
zasloněxъ (locative plural)
zaslone (singular vocative)
zaslona (dual vocative)
zasloni (plural vocative)
*zaslona (alternative)

East Slavic:

Russian: засло́н (zaslón)

Ukrainian: заслі́н (zaslín), засло́н (zaslón)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: засло́н (zaslón)

Macedonian: заслон (zaslon)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: за́слон

Latin script: záslon

Slovene: zaslȍn (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: záclona f

Polish: zasłona f

Silesian: zasłōna f

Slovak: záclona f

By surface analysis, *za- + *slonъ (“offset”). Synchronically, a deverbal of *zasloniti.


bersto

bersto (nominative singular)
berstě (dual nominative)
bersta (nominative plural)
bersta (genitive singular)
berstu (dual genitive)
berstъ (genitive plural)
berstu (dative singular)
berstoma (dative dual)
berstomъ (dative plural)
bersto (accusative singular)
berstě (accusative dual)
bersta (accusative plural)
berstъmь (instrumental singular)
berstomь (instrumental singular)
berstoma (dual instrumental)
bersty (instrumental plural)
berstě (locative singular)
berstu (dual locative)
berstěxъ (locative plural)
bersto (singular vocative)
berstě (dual vocative)
bersta (plural vocative)
*berstъ (alternative)
*bersta (alternative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: бересто (beresto)

desc

Ukrainian: берéзто (berézto) (dialectal)

Russian: бе́ре́сто́ (béréstó), берёсто (berjósto) (dialectal)

desctree

Old Novgorodian: бересто (beresto)
Old Pskovian: беросто (berośto)

West Slavic:

Middle Polish: brzosto (1584)

Pomeranian:

Slovincian: brzóstwô

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *berˀźta, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerHǵ-t-óm, from *bʰerHǵós (“birch”).


sъvyčajь

sъvyčajь (nominative singular)
sъvyčaja (dual nominative)
sъvyčaji (nominative plural)
sъvyčaja (genitive singular)
sъvyčaju (dual genitive)
sъvyčajь (genitive plural)
sъvyčaju (dative singular)
sъvyčajema (dative dual)
sъvyčajemъ (dative plural)
sъvyčajь (accusative singular)
sъvyčaja (accusative dual)
sъvyčaję̇ (accusative plural)
sъvyčajьmь (instrumental singular)
sъvyčajemь (instrumental singular)
sъvyčajema (dual instrumental)
sъvyčaji (instrumental plural)
sъvyčaji (locative singular)
sъvyčaju (dual locative)
sъvyčajixъ (locative plural)
sъvyčaju (singular vocative)
sъvyčaja (dual vocative)
sъvyčaji (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: съвычаи (sŭvyčai)

Old Ruthenian: звычай (zvyčaj)

Belarusian: звычай (zvyčaj)

Ukrainian: звича́й (zvyčáj)

Russian: свычай (svyčaj)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: zwëczôj

Old Slovak: zvyčaj

Pannonian Rusyn: звичай (zvičaj)

Polish: zwyczaj

Silesian: zwyczej

Slovincian: zwëczôj

From *sъvyčati (“to get used to”) + *-ějь.


neukъ

neukъ (masculine nominative singular)
neuka (feminine nominative singular)
neuko (neuter nominative singular)
neuka (genitive masculine singular)
neuky (feminine genitive singular)
neuka (genitive neuter singular)
neuku (dative masculine singular)
neucě (dative feminine singular)
neuku (dative neuter singular)
neukъ (accusative masculine singular)
neukǫ (accusative feminine singular)
neuko (accusative neuter singular)
neukomь (instrumental masculine singular)
neukojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
neukomь (instrumental neuter singular)
neucě (locative masculine singular)
neucě (feminine locative singular)
neucě (locative neuter singular)
neuče (masculine singular vocative)
neuko (feminine singular vocative)
neuko (neuter singular vocative)
neuka (dual masculine nominative)
neucě (dual feminine nominative)
neucě (dual neuter nominative)
neuku (dual genitive masculine)
neuku (dual feminine genitive)
neuku (dual genitive neuter)
neukoma (dative dual masculine)
neukama (dative dual feminine)
neukoma (dative dual neuter)
neuka (accusative dual masculine)
neucě (accusative dual feminine)
neucě (accusative dual neuter)
neukoma (dual instrumental masculine)
neukama (dual feminine instrumental)
neukoma (dual instrumental neuter)
neuku (dual locative masculine)
neuku (dual feminine locative)
neuku (dual locative neuter)
neuka (dual masculine vocative)
neucě (dual feminine vocative)
neucě (dual neuter vocative)
neuci (masculine nominative plural)
neuky (feminine nominative plural)
neuka (neuter nominative plural)
neukъ (genitive masculine plural)
neukъ (feminine genitive plural)
neukъ (genitive neuter plural)
neukomъ (dative masculine plural)
neukamъ (dative feminine plural)
neukomъ (dative neuter plural)
neuky (accusative masculine plural)
neuky (accusative feminine plural)
neuka (accusative neuter plural)
neuky (instrumental masculine plural)
neukami (feminine instrumental plural)
neuky (instrumental neuter plural)
neucěxъ (locative masculine plural)
neukaxъ (feminine locative plural)
neucěxъ (locative neuter plural)
neuci (masculine plural vocative)
neuky (feminine plural vocative)
neuka (neuter plural vocative)
neukъjь (masculine nominative singular)
neukaja (feminine nominative singular)
neukoje (neuter nominative singular)
neukajego (genitive masculine singular)
neukyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
neukajego (genitive neuter singular)
neukujemu (dative masculine singular)
neucěji (dative feminine singular)
neukujemu (dative neuter singular)
neukъjь (accusative masculine singular)
neukǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
neukoje (accusative neuter singular)
neukyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
neukǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
neukyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
neucějemь (locative masculine singular)
neucěji (feminine locative singular)
neucějemь (locative neuter singular)
neukъjь (masculine singular vocative)
neukaja (feminine singular vocative)
neukoje (neuter singular vocative)
neukaja (dual masculine nominative)
neucěji (dual feminine nominative)
neucěji (dual neuter nominative)
neukuju (dual genitive masculine)
neukuju (dual feminine genitive)
neukuju (dual genitive neuter)
neukyjima (dative dual masculine)
neukyjima (dative dual feminine)
neukyjima (dative dual neuter)
neukaja (accusative dual masculine)
neucěji (accusative dual feminine)
neucěji (accusative dual neuter)
neukyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
neukyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
neukyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
neukuju (dual locative masculine)
neukuju (dual feminine locative)
neukuju (dual locative neuter)
neukaja (dual masculine vocative)
neucěji (dual feminine vocative)
neucěji (dual neuter vocative)
neuciji (masculine nominative plural)
neukyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
neukaja (neuter nominative plural)
neukъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
neukъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
neukъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
neukyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
neukyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
neukyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
neukyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
neukyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
neukaja (accusative neuter plural)
neukyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
neukyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
neukyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
neukyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
neukyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
neukyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
neuciji (masculine plural vocative)
neukyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
neukaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Carpathian Rusyn: неу́кый (neúkŷj)

→? Pannonian Rusyn: нєуки (njeuki)

Ukrainian: неукий (neukyj)

South Slavic:

Macedonian: неук (neuk)

Bulgarian: неук (neuk)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: неук

Latin script: neuk

→? Pannonian Rusyn: нєуки (njeuki)

From *ne- (“not”) + *učiti (“to teach”) + *-ъ.


neukъ

neukъ (nominative singular)
neuka (dual nominative)
neuci (nominative plural)
neuka (genitive singular)
neuku (dual genitive)
neukъ (genitive plural)
neuku (dative singular)
neukoma (dative dual)
neukomъ (dative plural)
neukъ (accusative singular)
neuka (accusative dual)
neuky (accusative plural)
neukъmь (instrumental singular)
neukomь (instrumental singular)
neukoma (dual instrumental)
neuky (instrumental plural)
neucě (locative singular)
neuku (dual locative)
neucěxъ (locative plural)
neuče (singular vocative)
neuka (dual vocative)
neuci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: неук (neuk)

Ukrainian: неук (neuk)

West Slavic:

Old Polish: nieuk

Polish: nieuk


materinьstvo

materinьstvo (nominative singular)
materinьstvě (dual nominative)
materinьstva (nominative plural)
materinьstva (genitive singular)
materinьstvu (dual genitive)
materinьstvъ (genitive plural)
materinьstvu (dative singular)
materinьstvoma (dative dual)
materinьstvomъ (dative plural)
materinьstvo (accusative singular)
materinьstvě (accusative dual)
materinьstva (accusative plural)
materinьstvъmь (instrumental singular)
materinьstvomь (instrumental singular)
materinьstvoma (dual instrumental)
materinьstvy (instrumental plural)
materinьstvě (locative singular)
materinьstvu (dual locative)
materinьstvěxъ (locative plural)
materinьstvo (singular vocative)
materinьstvě (dual vocative)
materinьstva (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

матери́нство

Russian: матери́нство (materínstvo)

матери́нство

Ukrainian: матери́нство (materýnstvo)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: матерѝнство (materìnstvo)

West Slavic:

Polish: macierzyństwo

Silesian: macierziństwo

From *materinъ (“maternal, mother's”) + *-ьstvo, the first word being from *materь (“mother”) + *-inъ.


materinъ

materinъ (masculine nominative singular)
materina (feminine nominative singular)
materino (neuter nominative singular)
materina (genitive masculine singular)
materiny (feminine genitive singular)
materina (genitive neuter singular)
materinu (dative masculine singular)
materině (dative feminine singular)
materinu (dative neuter singular)
materinъ (accusative masculine singular)
materinǫ (accusative feminine singular)
materino (accusative neuter singular)
materinomь (instrumental masculine singular)
materinojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
materinomь (instrumental neuter singular)
materině (locative masculine singular)
materině (feminine locative singular)
materině (locative neuter singular)
materine (masculine singular vocative)
materino (feminine singular vocative)
materino (neuter singular vocative)
materina (dual masculine nominative)
materině (dual feminine nominative)
materině (dual neuter nominative)
materinu (dual genitive masculine)
materinu (dual feminine genitive)
materinu (dual genitive neuter)
materinoma (dative dual masculine)
materinama (dative dual feminine)
materinoma (dative dual neuter)
materina (accusative dual masculine)
materině (accusative dual feminine)
materině (accusative dual neuter)
materinoma (dual instrumental masculine)
materinama (dual feminine instrumental)
materinoma (dual instrumental neuter)
materinu (dual locative masculine)
materinu (dual feminine locative)
materinu (dual locative neuter)
materina (dual masculine vocative)
materině (dual feminine vocative)
materině (dual neuter vocative)
materini (masculine nominative plural)
materiny (feminine nominative plural)
materina (neuter nominative plural)
materinъ (genitive masculine plural)
materinъ (feminine genitive plural)
materinъ (genitive neuter plural)
materinomъ (dative masculine plural)
materinamъ (dative feminine plural)
materinomъ (dative neuter plural)
materiny (accusative masculine plural)
materiny (accusative feminine plural)
materina (accusative neuter plural)
materiny (instrumental masculine plural)
materinami (feminine instrumental plural)
materiny (instrumental neuter plural)
materiněxъ (locative masculine plural)
materinaxъ (feminine locative plural)
materiněxъ (locative neuter plural)
materini (masculine plural vocative)
materiny (feminine plural vocative)
materina (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: ма́терин (máterin)

Ukrainian: ма́терин (máteryn)

South Slavic

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ма̏терин

Latin script: mȁterin

West Slavic:

Old Polish: macierzyn


bebrъkъ

bebrъkъ (nominative singular)
bebrъka (dual nominative)
bebrъci (nominative plural)
bebrъka (genitive singular)
bebrъku (dual genitive)
bebrъkъ (genitive plural)
bebrъku (dative singular)
bebrъkoma (dative dual)
bebrъkomъ (dative plural)
bebrъkъ (accusative singular)
bebrъka (accusative dual)
bebrъky (accusative plural)
bebrъkъmь (instrumental singular)
bebrъkomь (instrumental singular)
bebrъkoma (dual instrumental)
bebrъky (instrumental plural)
bebrъcě (locative singular)
bebrъku (dual locative)
bebrъcěxъ (locative plural)
bebrъče (singular vocative)
bebrъka (dual vocative)
bebrъci (plural vocative)
*bobrъkъ (alternative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old Novgorodian: бебръке (bebrŭke, “little beaver”)

West Slavic:

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: běbrk (“beaverkin”)

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bébrukas, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰébʰru-kos, from *bʰébʰrus (“beaver”), from *bʰerH- (“brown”). By surface analysis, *bèbrъ + *-ъkъ (or equivalently *bebrъ (u-stem) + *-kъ).
Cognate with Sanskrit बभ्रुकः (babhrukaḥ, “ichneumon”), Thracian *bebruk- (“beaver”), from which Ancient Greek Βέβρυκες (Bébrukes).

cog

diminutive of *bèbrъ (“beaver”): beaverkin, little beaver


tęžьjь

tęžьjь (masculine nominative singular)
tęžьši (feminine nominative singular)
tęže (neuter nominative singular)
tęžьša (genitive masculine singular)
tęžьšę̇ (feminine genitive singular)
tęžьša (genitive neuter singular)
tęžьšu (dative masculine singular)
tęžьši (dative feminine singular)
tęžьšu (dative neuter singular)
tęžьšь (accusative masculine singular)
tęžьšǫ (accusative feminine singular)
tęže (accusative neuter singular)
tęžьšemь (instrumental masculine singular)
tęžьšejǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
tęžьšemь (instrumental neuter singular)
tęžьši (locative masculine singular)
tęžьši (feminine locative singular)
tęžьši (locative neuter singular)
tęžьšu (masculine singular vocative)
tęžьše (feminine singular vocative)
tęžьše (neuter singular vocative)
tęžьša (dual masculine nominative)
tęžьši (dual feminine nominative)
tęžьši (dual neuter nominative)
tęžьšu (dual genitive masculine)
tęžьšu (dual feminine genitive)
tęžьšu (dual genitive neuter)
tęžьšema (dative dual masculine)
tęžьšama (dative dual feminine)
tęžьšema (dative dual neuter)
tęžьša (accusative dual masculine)
tęžьši (accusative dual feminine)
tęžьši (accusative dual neuter)
tęžьšema (dual instrumental masculine)
tęžьšama (dual feminine instrumental)
tęžьšema (dual instrumental neuter)
tęžьšu (dual locative masculine)
tęžьšu (dual feminine locative)
tęžьšu (dual locative neuter)
tęžьša (dual masculine vocative)
tęžьši (dual feminine vocative)
tęžьši (dual neuter vocative)
tęžьše (masculine nominative plural)
tęžьšę̇ (feminine nominative plural)
tęžьša (neuter nominative plural)
tęžьšь (genitive masculine plural)
tęžьšь (feminine genitive plural)
tęžьšь (genitive neuter plural)
tęžьšemъ (dative masculine plural)
tęžьšamъ (dative feminine plural)
tęžьšemъ (dative neuter plural)
tęžьšę̇ (accusative masculine plural)
tęžьšę̇ (accusative feminine plural)
tęžьša (accusative neuter plural)
tęžьši (instrumental masculine plural)
tęžьšami (feminine instrumental plural)
tęžьši (instrumental neuter plural)
tęžьšixъ (locative masculine plural)
tęžьšaxъ (feminine locative plural)
tęžьšixъ (locative neuter plural)
tęžьši (masculine plural vocative)
tęžьšę̇ (feminine plural vocative)
tęžьša (neuter plural vocative)
tęžьjь (masculine nominative singular)
tęžьšija (feminine nominative singular)
tęžьšeje (neuter nominative singular)
tęžьšajego (genitive masculine singular)
tęžьšę̇ję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
tęžьšajego (genitive neuter singular)
tęžьšujemu (dative masculine singular)
tęžьšiji (dative feminine singular)
tęžьšujemu (dative neuter singular)
tęžьšьjь (accusative masculine singular)
tęžьšǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
tęžьšeje (accusative neuter singular)
tęžьšijimь (instrumental masculine singular)
tęžьšǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
tęžьšijimь (instrumental neuter singular)
tęžьšijemь (locative masculine singular)
tęžьšiji (feminine locative singular)
tęžьšijemь (locative neuter singular)
tęžьšьjь (masculine singular vocative)
tęžьšaja (feminine singular vocative)
tęžьšeje (neuter singular vocative)
tęžьšaja (dual masculine nominative)
tęžьšiji (dual feminine nominative)
tęžьšiji (dual neuter nominative)
tęžьšuju (dual genitive masculine)
tęžьšuju (dual feminine genitive)
tęžьšuju (dual genitive neuter)
tęžьšijima (dative dual masculine)
tęžьšijima (dative dual feminine)
tęžьšijima (dative dual neuter)
tęžьšaja (accusative dual masculine)
tęžьšiji (accusative dual feminine)
tęžьšiji (accusative dual neuter)
tęžьšijima (dual instrumental masculine)
tęžьšijima (dual feminine instrumental)
tęžьšijima (dual instrumental neuter)
tęžьšuju (dual locative masculine)
tęžьšuju (dual feminine locative)
tęžьšuju (dual locative neuter)
tęžьšaja (dual masculine vocative)
tęžьšiji (dual feminine vocative)
tęžьšiji (dual neuter vocative)
tęžьšeji (masculine nominative plural)
tęžьšę̇ję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
tęžьšaja (neuter nominative plural)
tęžьšьjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
tęžьšьjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
tęžьšьjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
tęžьšijimъ (dative masculine plural)
tęžьšijimъ (dative feminine plural)
tęžьšijimъ (dative neuter plural)
tęžьšę̇ję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
tęžьšę̇ję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
tęžьšaja (accusative neuter plural)
tęžьšijimi (instrumental masculine plural)
tęžьšijimi (feminine instrumental plural)
tęžьšijimi (instrumental neuter plural)
tęžьšijixъ (locative masculine plural)
tęžьšijixъ (feminine locative plural)
tęžьšijixъ (locative neuter plural)
tęžьšiji (masculine plural vocative)
tęžьšę̇ję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
tęžьšaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Belarusian: цяжэ́й (cjažéj), цяжэ́йшы (cjažéjšy)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тежи

Latin script: teži

Slovene: tẹ̑žji (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: těžší

Kashubian: cãżészi

Polish: ciężej, cięższy

Silesian: ciynżejszy

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tingús + *-jьjь.


liněti

liněnьje (noun-from-verb)
liněti (infinitive)
linětъ (supine)
linělъ (l-participle)
liněnъ (participle passive past)
linějemъ (participle passive present)
liněvъ (active participle past)
liněję (active participle present)
liněxъ (aorist first-person singular)
lině (aorist second-person singular)
lině (aorist singular third-person)
linějǫ (first-person present singular)
liněješi (present second-person singular)
linějetь (present singular third-person)
liněxově (aorist dual first-person)
liněsta (aorist dual second-person)
liněste (aorist dual third-person)
linějevě (dual first-person present)
linějeta (dual present second-person)
linějete (dual present third-person)
liněxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
liněste (aorist plural second-person)
liněšę (aorist plural third-person)
linějemъ (first-person plural present)
linějete (plural present second-person)
linějǫtь (plural present third-person)
liněaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
liněaše (imperfect second-person singular)
liněaše (imperfect singular third-person)
liněji (imperative second-person singular)
liněji (imperative singular third-person)
liněaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
liněašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
liněašete (dual imperfect third-person)
linějivě (dual first-person imperative)
linějita (dual imperative second-person)
liněaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
liněašete (imperfect plural second-person)
liněaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
linějimъ (first-person imperative plural)
linějite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: ліне́ць (linjécʹ) (dialectal)

Russian: лине́ть (linétʹ) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: лине́я (linéja)

Macedonian: линее (linee)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: líněti

Old Polish: linieć

Polish: linieć

>? Silesian: lynić

By surface analysis, *lin- (“moulting”) + *-ěti.

surf

Synonym of *liňati: to moult; to fade, to wither