ovъ

ovъ (masculine nominative singular)
ova (feminine nominative singular)
ovo (neuter nominative singular)
ovъ (accusative masculine singular)
ovǫ (accusative feminine singular)
ovo (accusative neuter singular)
ovogo (genitive masculine singular)
ovoję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
ovogo (genitive neuter singular)
ovomь (locative masculine singular)
ovoji (feminine locative singular)
ovomь (locative neuter singular)
ovomu (dative masculine singular)
ovoji (dative feminine singular)
ovomu (dative neuter singular)
ověmь (instrumental masculine singular)
ovojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
ověmь (instrumental neuter singular)
ova (dual masculine nominative)
ově (dual feminine nominative)
ově (dual neuter nominative)
ova (accusative dual masculine)
ově (accusative dual feminine)
ově (accusative dual neuter)
ovoju (dual genitive masculine)
ovoju (dual feminine genitive)
ovoju (dual genitive neuter)
ovoju (dual locative masculine)
ovoju (dual feminine locative)
ovoju (dual locative neuter)
ověma (dative dual masculine)
ověma (dative dual feminine)
ověma (dative dual neuter)
ověma (dual instrumental masculine)
ověma (dual feminine instrumental)
ověma (dual instrumental neuter)
ovi (masculine nominative plural)
ovy (feminine nominative plural)
ova (neuter nominative plural)
ovy (accusative masculine plural)
ovy (accusative feminine plural)
ova (accusative neuter plural)
ověxъ (genitive masculine plural)
ověxъ (feminine genitive plural)
ověxъ (genitive neuter plural)
ověxъ (locative masculine plural)
ověxъ (feminine locative plural)
ověxъ (locative neuter plural)
ověmъ (dative masculine plural)
ověmъ (dative feminine plural)
ověmъ (dative neuter plural)
ověmi (instrumental masculine plural)
ověmi (feminine instrumental plural)
ověmi (instrumental neuter plural)

East Slavic:

Russian: о́вый (óvyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: овъ (ovŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱁⰲⱏ (ovŭ)

Macedonian: овој (ovoj) (< *ovъ-jь)

Serbo-Croatian: (< *ovъ-jь)

Cyrillic script: о̀ва̄ј

Latin script: òvāj

West Slavic:

Old Polish: ów
Polish: ów

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *awas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁é.


sь

sь (masculine nominative singular)
sa (feminine nominative singular)
se (neuter nominative singular)
sь (accusative masculine singular)
sǫ (accusative feminine singular)
se (accusative neuter singular)
sego (genitive masculine singular)
seję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
sego (genitive neuter singular)
semь (locative masculine singular)
seji (feminine locative singular)
semь (locative neuter singular)
semu (dative masculine singular)
seji (dative feminine singular)
semu (dative neuter singular)
simь (instrumental masculine singular)
sejǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
simь (instrumental neuter singular)
sa (dual masculine nominative)
si (dual feminine nominative)
si (dual neuter nominative)
sa (accusative dual masculine)
si (accusative dual feminine)
si (accusative dual neuter)
seju (dual genitive masculine)
seju (dual feminine genitive)
seju (dual genitive neuter)
seju (dual locative masculine)
seju (dual feminine locative)
seju (dual locative neuter)
sima (dative dual masculine)
sima (dative dual feminine)
sima (dative dual neuter)
sima (dual instrumental masculine)
sima (dual feminine instrumental)
sima (dual instrumental neuter)
si (masculine nominative plural)
sę̇ (feminine nominative plural)
sa (neuter nominative plural)
sę̇ (accusative masculine plural)
sę̇ (accusative feminine plural)
sa (accusative neuter plural)
sixъ (genitive masculine plural)
sixъ (feminine genitive plural)
sixъ (genitive neuter plural)
sixъ (locative masculine plural)
sixъ (feminine locative plural)
sixъ (locative neuter plural)
simъ (dative masculine plural)
simъ (dative feminine plural)
simъ (dative neuter plural)
simi (instrumental masculine plural)
simi (feminine instrumental plural)
simi (instrumental neuter plural)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: сь (sĭ)
Old Ruthenian: сь (sʹ)
Belarusian: -сь (-sʹ)
Ukrainian: -сь (-sʹ)
Old Ruthenian: сей (sej)
Ukrainian: сей (sej) (archaic)
Ukrainian: цей (cej)
Russian: сей (sej) (archaic)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: сь (sĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱐ (sĭ)

Bulgarian: сей (sej) (obsolete), сой (soj), соз (soz), сози (sozi) (dialectal) (Rup dialects)

Slovene: sej (tonal orthography) (obsolete)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: sen

Old Polish: si

⇒ Old Polish: -ś
Polish: -ś
Silesian: -ś

desc

Pannonian Rusyn: -ш (-š), -шка (-ška), -шик (-šik)

q

genitive, only found in some set phrases like <i class="Latn mention" lang="pl">do siego roku</i>

Polish: siego (genitive, only found in some set phrases like do siego roku)

Polabian: sǫ

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śis, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱís.


jьnъ

jь̀nъ (canonical)
jьnъ (masculine nominative singular)
jьna (feminine nominative singular)
jьno (neuter nominative singular)
jьnъ (accusative masculine singular)
jьnǫ (accusative feminine singular)
jьno (accusative neuter singular)
jьnogo (genitive masculine singular)
jьnoję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
jьnogo (genitive neuter singular)
jьnomь (locative masculine singular)
jьnoji (feminine locative singular)
jьnomь (locative neuter singular)
jьnomu (dative masculine singular)
jьnoji (dative feminine singular)
jьnomu (dative neuter singular)
jьněmь (instrumental masculine singular)
jьnojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
jьněmь (instrumental neuter singular)
jьna (dual masculine nominative)
jьně (dual feminine nominative)
jьně (dual neuter nominative)
jьna (accusative dual masculine)
jьně (accusative dual feminine)
jьně (accusative dual neuter)
jьnoju (dual genitive masculine)
jьnoju (dual feminine genitive)
jьnoju (dual genitive neuter)
jьnoju (dual locative masculine)
jьnoju (dual feminine locative)
jьnoju (dual locative neuter)
jьněma (dative dual masculine)
jьněma (dative dual feminine)
jьněma (dative dual neuter)
jьněma (dual instrumental masculine)
jьněma (dual feminine instrumental)
jьněma (dual instrumental neuter)
jьni (masculine nominative plural)
jьny (feminine nominative plural)
jьna (neuter nominative plural)
jьny (accusative masculine plural)
jьny (accusative feminine plural)
jьna (accusative neuter plural)
jьněxъ (genitive masculine plural)
jьněxъ (feminine genitive plural)
jьněxъ (genitive neuter plural)
jьněxъ (locative masculine plural)
jьněxъ (feminine locative plural)
jьněxъ (locative neuter plural)
jьněmъ (dative masculine plural)
jьněmъ (dative feminine plural)
jьněmъ (dative neuter plural)
jьněmi (instrumental masculine plural)
jьněmi (feminine instrumental plural)
jьněmi (instrumental neuter plural)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: і́ншы (ínšy)

Russian: ино́й (inój)

desc

Carpathian Rusyn: иншы (ynšŷ), і́ншы (ínšŷ), иншакый (ynšakŷj)

Ukrainian: і́нший (ínšyj), і́нчий (ínčyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: инъ (inŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰹⱀⱏ (inŭ)

Bulgarian: ин (in) (obsolete)

⇒ Bulgarian: и́накъв (ínakǎv)

Macedonian: инаков (inakov)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: и̑н

Latin script: ȋn

West Slavic:

desctree

Old Czech: jiný, iný (dialectal)
Czech: jiný

Old Polish: iny, ini, jeny, inny, jenny
⇒ Polish: inny
⇒ Silesian: inkszy, inszy, inakszy

desc

Old Slovak: hinší, hiný, inší, iný, jinší, jiný

Pannonian Rusyn: инши (inši), (obsolete) ини (ini)

Slovak: iný

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: jiny

Slovincian: jyny

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: hyny

Upper Sorbian: jiny

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *iˀnas (“one”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁inos (“one”).
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian vi̇́enas (“one”), Latvian viêns (“one”), Old Prussian ainan (“one”).
Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek οἴνη (oínē, “one (on dice)”), Latin ūnus (“one”) (from Old Latin oinos (“one”)).


jьmę

jь̏mę (canonical neuter)
jь̏mę (nominative singular)
jь̏meni (dual nominative)
jьmenà (nominative plural)
jь̏mene (genitive singular)
jьmenù (dual genitive)
jьmènъ (genitive plural)
jь̏meni (dative singular)
jьmenьmà (dative dual)
jьmènьmъ (dative plural)
jь̏mę (accusative singular)
jь̏meni (accusative dual)
jьmenà (accusative plural)
jь̏menьmь (instrumental singular)
jьmenьmà (dual instrumental)
jьmený (instrumental plural)
jь̏mene (locative singular)
jьmenù (dual locative)
jьmènьxъ (locative plural)
jь̏mę (singular vocative)
jь̏meni (dual vocative)
jьmenà (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: имѧ (imę)

Old Ruthenian: имѧ́ (imjá)

Belarusian: імя́ (imjá)

Carpathian Rusyn: имня́ (ymnjá)

Ukrainian: ім'я́ (imʺjá)

Russian: и́мя (ímja)

Old Novgorodian: имѧ (imę)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: имѧ (imę)

Glagolitic script: ⰹⰿⱔ (imę)

Bulgarian: и́ме (íme)

Macedonian: и́ме (íme)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: и̏ме

Latin script: ȉme

Slovene: imẹ̑ (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

desctree

Old Czech: jmě, jmeno, jméno (later)
Czech: jméno

Old Polish: imię, himię
Polish: imię
Silesian: imiã

Polabian: jaimă, jaimą

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: jimiã

Slovincian: ymjã

Old Slovak: imeno, jmeno, meno

Pannonian Rusyn: мено (meno)

Slovak: meno

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: mě

Upper Sorbian: mjeno, imje, mje

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *inˀmen, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥.


kotorъ

kotorъjь (masculine nominative singular)
kotoraja (feminine nominative singular)
kotoroje (neuter nominative singular)
kotorajego (genitive masculine singular)
kotoryję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
kotorajego (genitive neuter singular)
kotorujemu (dative masculine singular)
kotorěji (dative feminine singular)
kotorujemu (dative neuter singular)
kotorъjь (accusative masculine singular)
kotorǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
kotoroje (accusative neuter singular)
kotoryjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
kotorǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
kotoryjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
kotorějemь (locative masculine singular)
kotorěji (feminine locative singular)
kotorějemь (locative neuter singular)
kotorъjь (masculine singular vocative)
kotoraja (feminine singular vocative)
kotoroje (neuter singular vocative)
kotoraja (dual masculine nominative)
kotorěji (dual feminine nominative)
kotorěji (dual neuter nominative)
kotoruju (dual genitive masculine)
kotoruju (dual feminine genitive)
kotoruju (dual genitive neuter)
kotoryjima (dative dual masculine)
kotoryjima (dative dual feminine)
kotoryjima (dative dual neuter)
kotoraja (accusative dual masculine)
kotorěji (accusative dual feminine)
kotorěji (accusative dual neuter)
kotoryjima (dual instrumental masculine)
kotoryjima (dual feminine instrumental)
kotoryjima (dual instrumental neuter)
kotoruju (dual locative masculine)
kotoruju (dual feminine locative)
kotoruju (dual locative neuter)
kotoraja (dual masculine vocative)
kotorěji (dual feminine vocative)
kotorěji (dual neuter vocative)
kotoriji (masculine nominative plural)
kotoryję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
kotoraja (neuter nominative plural)
kotorъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
kotorъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
kotorъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
kotoryjimъ (dative masculine plural)
kotoryjimъ (dative feminine plural)
kotoryjimъ (dative neuter plural)
kotoryję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
kotoryję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
kotoraja (accusative neuter plural)
kotoryjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
kotoryjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
kotoryjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
kotoryjixъ (locative masculine plural)
kotoryjixъ (feminine locative plural)
kotoryjixъ (locative neuter plural)
kotoriji (masculine plural vocative)
kotoryję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
kotoraja (neuter plural vocative)
*koterъjь (alternative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: като́ры (katóry)

Russian: кото́рый (kotóryj)
→ Kildin Sami: каторэ (katore)

Carpathian Rusyn: котрый (kotrŷj)

Ukrainian: котри́й (kotrýj)

→ Pannonian Rusyn: котри (kotri)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

desc

Old Cyrillic script: которъ (kotorŭ, “which?; some, any”), котеръ (koterŭ)

Bulgarian: котри (kotri) (Southern Dialects)

West Slavic:

desctree

Old Polish: który, chtóry, ftóry, tkóry
Polish: który, chtóry, chtury, tkóry (Kuyavia), chtory, ftory (Podegrodzie)
Silesian: ftory, ktōry

desc

Old Slovak: chterý, chtorý, kotorý, který, ktorý

Pannonian Rusyn: хтори (xtori)

Slovak: ktorý

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: chtëri

Slovincian: chtôry

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: kótary

Upper Sorbian: kotry

From *koterъjь. For e/o alternation, see also *bebrъ, *elьxa.


jakъ

jakъ (masculine nominative singular)
jaka (feminine nominative singular)
jako (neuter nominative singular)
jakъ (accusative masculine singular)
jakǫ (accusative feminine singular)
jako (accusative neuter singular)
jakogo (genitive masculine singular)
jakoję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
jakogo (genitive neuter singular)
jakomь (locative masculine singular)
jakoji (feminine locative singular)
jakomь (locative neuter singular)
jakomu (dative masculine singular)
jakoji (dative feminine singular)
jakomu (dative neuter singular)
jacěmь (instrumental masculine singular)
jakojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
jacěmь (instrumental neuter singular)
jaka (dual masculine nominative)
jacě (dual feminine nominative)
jacě (dual neuter nominative)
jaka (accusative dual masculine)
jacě (accusative dual feminine)
jacě (accusative dual neuter)
jakoju (dual genitive masculine)
jakoju (dual feminine genitive)
jakoju (dual genitive neuter)
jakoju (dual locative masculine)
jakoju (dual feminine locative)
jakoju (dual locative neuter)
jacěma (dative dual masculine)
jacěma (dative dual feminine)
jacěma (dative dual neuter)
jacěma (dual instrumental masculine)
jacěma (dual feminine instrumental)
jacěma (dual instrumental neuter)
jaci (masculine nominative plural)
jaky (feminine nominative plural)
jaka (neuter nominative plural)
jaky (accusative masculine plural)
jaky (accusative feminine plural)
jaka (accusative neuter plural)
jacěxъ (genitive masculine plural)
jacěxъ (feminine genitive plural)
jacěxъ (genitive neuter plural)
jacěxъ (locative masculine plural)
jacěxъ (feminine locative plural)
jacěxъ (locative neuter plural)
jacěmъ (dative masculine plural)
jacěmъ (dative feminine plural)
jacěmъ (dative neuter plural)
jacěmi (instrumental masculine plural)
jacěmi (feminine instrumental plural)
jacěmi (instrumental neuter plural)
*akъ (alternative)

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: ꙗкїй (jakij), ꙗки (jaki), єкїй (jekij)

Belarusian: які́ (jakí)

Carpathian Rusyn: якы́й (jakŷ́j)

Ukrainian: яки́й (jakýj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: ꙗкъ (jakŭ)

Glagolitic script: [Term?]

Bulgarian: як (jak, “strong”)

Macedonian: јак (jak, “strong, fertile”)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ја̑к (“strong”)

Latin script: jȃk (“strong”)

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: jȃk (“strong, prominent, neat”) (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jaký
Czech: jaký

desctree

Old Polish: jaki
Old Polish: jeki
Polish: jaki
Silesian: jaki

Old Slovak: aký, jaký

Pannonian Rusyn: яки (jaki)

Slovak: aký

Polabian: joťĕ

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: jaczi

Slovincian: jakjy

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: jaki (obsolete)

desc

Upper Sorbian: jakny (“prominent, strong, good”)

From *ja (“this”) + *-kъ. Compare *kakъ, *takъ etc.

of what/which kind (interrogative, relative)


ajьce

ājьcè (canonical neuter)
*ȃjьko (alternative)
ājьcè (nominative singular)
ajь̀ci (dual nominative)
ajь̀ca (nominative plural)
ājьcà (genitive singular)
ajьcu (dual genitive)
ajь̀cь (genitive plural)
ājьcù (dative singular)
ajьcema (dative dual)
ajь̀cemъ (dative plural)
ājьcè (accusative singular)
ajь̀ci (accusative dual)
ajь̀ca (accusative plural)
ājьcь̀mь (instrumental singular)
ājьcèmь (instrumental singular)
ajьcema (dual instrumental)
ajь̀ci (instrumental plural)
ājьcì (locative singular)
ajьcu (dual locative)
ajь̀cixъ (locative plural)
ājьcè (singular vocative)
ajь̀ci (dual vocative)
ajь̀ca (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ꙗице (jaice), аице (aice)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: ꙗйце (jajce), ꙗйцо (jajco), єйцо (jejco)
Belarusian: яйцо́ (jajcó)
Carpathian Rusyn: я́йце (jájce)
Ukrainian: яйце́ (jajcé)

desc

Russian: яйцо́ (jajcó); яйце́ (jajcé) (obsolete)

Taimyr Pidgin Russian: яйцо (jajco)

Old Novgorodian: ꙗице (jaiće)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: аице (aice)

Glagolitic script: ⰰⰹⱌⰵ (aice)

Macedonian: јајце (jajce)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ја́јце; Јајце (“Jajce”) (Bosnian town, toponym)

Latin script: jájce; Jajce (“Jajce”) (Bosnian town, toponym)

Slovene: jájce (“egg; testicle”)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vajce

Czech: vejce

Kashubian: jajco

Polish: jajce, jajco, jejce (dialectal, archaic)

Old Slovak: vajce, vajco

Pannonian Rusyn: вайцо (vajco)

Slovak: vajce; vajco (dialectal)

Slovincian: jajcê (“testicle”)

Orginally a diminutive form of *ȃje (“egg”) + *-ьce (“diminutive suffix”). From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ṓjika, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm. Compare Ossetian айк (ajk), айкӕ (ajkæ, “egg”) (from Proto-Iranian *Hāwyám (“egg”)).

affix

egg-related; eggness; egg dish; egg product

ajьčьnъ*ajьčьna ()*ajьčьnica ()*ajьčьnikъ ()


aje

ȃje (canonical)
ājè (canonical neuter)
ȃje (nominative singular)
ȃji (dual nominative)
ajà (nominative plural)
ȃja (genitive singular)
ajù (dual genitive)
ãjь (genitive plural)
ȃju (dative singular)
ajemà (dative dual)
ajémъ (dative plural)
ȃje (accusative singular)
ȃji (accusative dual)
ajà (accusative plural)
ȃjьmь (instrumental singular)
ȃjemь (instrumental singular)
ajemà (dual instrumental)
ají (instrumental plural)
ȃji (locative singular)
ajù (dual locative)
ajíxъ (locative plural)
ȃje (singular vocative)
ȃji (dual vocative)
ajà (plural vocative)
ājè (nominative singular)
ãji (dual nominative)
ãja (nominative plural)
ājà (genitive singular)
aju (dual genitive)
ãjь (genitive plural)
ājù (dative singular)
ajema (dative dual)
ãjemъ (dative plural)
ājè (accusative singular)
ãji (accusative dual)
ãja (accusative plural)
ājь̀mь (instrumental singular)
ājèmь (instrumental singular)
ajema (dual instrumental)
ãji (instrumental plural)
ājì (locative singular)
aju (dual locative)
ãjixъ (locative plural)
ājè (singular vocative)
ãji (dual vocative)
ãja (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: аѥ (aje)

Ukrainian: я́йо (jájo), айо (ajo) (dialectal)

Old Novgorodian: аѥ (aje)

desc

⇒ Old Novgorodian: аѥсова m (ajesova, “carries the egg”) (vulgar)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: аѥ (aje)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ја́је

Latin script: jáje

West Slavic:

Polabian: joji

Polish: jajo; jaje (obsolete); ajo (babytalk)

Kashubian: jajo (rare)

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: jaje; jajé (“testes”)

Slovincian: jajê

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: jejo, wejo

Lower Sorbian: jajo

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ṓja, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm (“egg”).

egg (amniote embryo with protective shell)

Marko Snoj
Moscow
Nauka (publisher)
Rick Derksen

egg; egg-like, egg-shaped; pertaining to egg; egg-related; eggness; egg dish; egg product

ajьko*ajьčęstъ ()*ajьčice*ajьčьjь ()*ajьčьnъ ()*ajьčьna ()*ajьčьnica ()*ajьčьnikъ ()

ajьnъ*ajina ()*ajьnikъ ()*ajьno ()

egg-related; eggshell; egg product; amnion

jьkra

roe; anamniote embryo without protective shell


tъjьdьnь

sla-decl-noun-table

*tъjьdьnь (irregular n-stem)

tъjьdьnь (nominative singular)
tajadьni (dual nominative)
tijidьne (nominative plural)
tъjьdьnь (accusative singular)
tajadьni (accusative dual)
tyjędьni (accusative plural)
tajegodьne (genitive singular)
tujudьnu (dual genitive)
tъjixъdьnъ (genitive plural)
tějemьdьne (locative singular)
tujudьnu (dual locative)
tyjixъdьnьxъ (locative plural)
tujemudьni (dative singular)
tyjimadьnьma (dative dual)
tyjimъdьnьmъ (dative plural)
tyjimidьnьmь (instrumental singular)
tyjimadьnьma (dual instrumental)
tyjimidьnьmi (instrumental plural)
tъjьdьnь (singular vocative)
tajadьni (dual vocative)
tijidьne (plural vocative)
*tъďedьnь (alternative)
*tъjьžedьnь (alternative)
*tъjьžьdьnь (alternative)

East Slavic:

desc

Belarusian: тыйдень (tyjdjenʹ), тыйдзень (tyjdzjenʹ), ты́дзень (týdzjenʹ)

⇒ Belarusian: ты́днік (týdnik, “week”)

Russian: ты́день (týdenʹ)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тје̏дан

Latin script: tjȅdan

Slovene: tẹ̑dən (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: týden, týžden
Czech: týden

desctree

Old Polish: tydzień
Polish: tydzień, tygodzień (Żywiec)
Silesian: tydziyń

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: tidzéń

Slovincian: tydzêń

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: tydźeń

Lower Sorbian: tyźeń

From *tъ (“this, that”) + *jь + *dьnь (“day”).
Per Lučyc-Fedarėc, I. I., Belarusian ты́дзень (týdzjenʹ), ты́дзянь (týdzjanʹ), ты́день (týdjenʹ) probably are borrowed/caused from/by Polish language.

af

Marko Snoj
ru:Черных, Павел Яковлевич


pętъkъ

pętъkъ (nominative singular)
pętъka (dual nominative)
pętъci (nominative plural)
pętъka (genitive singular)
pętъku (dual genitive)
pętъkъ (genitive plural)
pętъku (dative singular)
pętъkoma (dative dual)
pętъkomъ (dative plural)
pętъkъ (accusative singular)
pętъka (accusative dual)
pętъky (accusative plural)
pętъkъmь (instrumental singular)
pętъkomь (instrumental singular)
pętъkoma (dual instrumental)
pętъky (instrumental plural)
pętъcě (locative singular)
pętъku (dual locative)
pętъcěxъ (locative plural)
pętъče (singular vocative)
pętъka (dual vocative)
pętъci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: пя́тніца (pjátnica)

Russian: пя́тница (pjátnica)

Carpathian Rusyn: пя́тніця (pjátnicja)

Ukrainian: п'я́тниця (pʺjátnycja)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: пѧтъкъ (pętŭkŭ)

Glagolitic: ⱂⱔⱅⱏⰽⱏ (pętŭkŭ)

desc

Bulgarian: пе́тък (pétǎk), пе́нтък (péntǎk) (dialectal)

Macedonian: петок (petok)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пе́так

Latin script: pétak

Slovene: pẹ́tək (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: pátek
Czech: pátek

desctree

Old Polish: piątek
Polish: piątek
Silesian: piōntek, pjůntek (Steuer's Silesian Alphabet), pijōntek

Slovak: piatok

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: piątk

Slovincian: pjõtk

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: pětk

Upper Sorbian: pjatk

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: péntek


četvьrtъkъ

četvьrtъkъ (nominative singular)
četvьrtъka (dual nominative)
četvьrtъci (nominative plural)
četvьrtъka (genitive singular)
četvьrtъku (dual genitive)
četvьrtъkъ (genitive plural)
četvьrtъku (dative singular)
četvьrtъkoma (dative dual)
četvьrtъkomъ (dative plural)
četvьrtъkъ (accusative singular)
četvьrtъka (accusative dual)
četvьrtъky (accusative plural)
četvьrtъkъmь (instrumental singular)
četvьrtъkomь (instrumental singular)
četvьrtъkoma (dual instrumental)
četvьrtъky (instrumental plural)
četvьrtъcě (locative singular)
četvьrtъku (dual locative)
četvьrtъcěxъ (locative plural)
četvьrtъče (singular vocative)
četvьrtъka (dual vocative)
četvьrtъci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: чацве́р (čacvjér)

Russian: четве́рг (četvérg)

Carpathian Rusyn: четве́рь (četvérʹ)

Ukrainian: четве́р (četvér)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: четврьтъкъ (četvrĭtŭkŭ)

Glagolitic: ⱍⰵⱅⰲⱃⱐⱅⱏⰽⱏ (četvrĭtŭkŭ)

desc

Bulgarian: четвъ́ртък (četvǎ́rtǎk), четвръ́тък (četvrǎ́tǎk) (dialectal)

Macedonian: четврток (četvrtok)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: четвр́так

Latin script: četvŕtak

Slovene: četŕtək (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: čtvrtek

Czech: čtvrtek

desctree

Old Polish: czwartek
Polish: czwartek
Silesian: sztwŏrtek

Slovak: štvrtok

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: czwiôrtk, czwôrtk

Slovincian: czwjortk

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: štwórtk

Lower Sorbian: stwórtk

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: csütörtök


serda

serdà (canonical feminine)
serdà (nominative singular)
sȇrdě (dual nominative)
sȇrdy (nominative plural)
serdý (genitive singular)
serdù (dual genitive)
sẽrdъ (genitive plural)
serdě̀ (dative singular)
serdàma (dative dual)
serdàmъ (dative plural)
sȇrdǫ (accusative singular)
sȇrdě (accusative dual)
sȇrdy (accusative plural)
serdojǫ́ (instrumental singular)
serdàma (dual instrumental)
serdàmi (instrumental plural)
sȇrdě (locative singular)
serdù (dual locative)
serdàsъ (locative plural)
serdàxъ (locative plural)
serdo (singular vocative)
sȇrdě (dual vocative)
sȇrdy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: середа (sereda)

Old Ruthenian: середа́ (seredá)

Belarusian: серада́ (sjeradá)

Carpathian Rusyn: се́реда (séreda)

Ukrainian: середа́ (seredá)

Russian: середа́ (seredá) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: срѣда (srěda)

Glagolitic: ⱄⱃⱑⰴⰰ (srěda)

Bulgarian: сря́да (srjáda), среда́ (sredá)

Macedonian: среда (sreda)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сре́да, срије́да

Latin: sréda, srijéda

Slovene: srẹ̑da (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: střěda

Czech: středa

Polabian: sredă

Old Polish: śrzoda, środa, jśroda
Polish: środa
Silesian: strzoda

Old Slovak: streda, sreda

Pannonian Rusyn: стреда (streda)

Slovak: streda

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: strzoda

Slovincian: strzôda

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: srjoda

Upper Sorbian: srjeda

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: szerda

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śerd-, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerd- (“heart”). Cognate with Lithuanian šerdi̇̀s (“core, kernel, pith”). For the sense "middle of the week", compare German Mittwoch.


vъtorьnikъ

vъtorьnikъ (nominative singular)
vъtorьnika (dual nominative)
vъtorьnici (nominative plural)
vъtorьnika (genitive singular)
vъtorьniku (dual genitive)
vъtorьnikъ (genitive plural)
vъtorьniku (dative singular)
vъtorьnikoma (dative dual)
vъtorьnikomъ (dative plural)
vъtorьnikъ (accusative singular)
vъtorьnika (accusative dual)
vъtorьniky (accusative plural)
vъtorьnikъmь (instrumental singular)
vъtorьnikomь (instrumental singular)
vъtorьnikoma (dual instrumental)
vъtorьniky (instrumental plural)
vъtorьnicě (locative singular)
vъtorьniku (dual locative)
vъtorьnicěxъ (locative plural)
vъtorьniče (singular vocative)
vъtorьnika (dual vocative)
vъtorьnici (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: вто́рник (vtórnik)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: въторьникъ (vŭtorĭnikŭ)

Glagolitic: ⰲⱏⱅⱁⱃⱐⱀⰻⰽⱏ (vŭtorĭnikŭ)

Bulgarian: вторник (vtornik)

Macedonian: вторник (vtornik)


ponedělьnikъ

ponedělьnikъ (nominative singular)
ponedělьnika (dual nominative)
ponedělьnici (nominative plural)
ponedělьnika (genitive singular)
ponedělьniku (dual genitive)
ponedělьnikъ (genitive plural)
ponedělьniku (dative singular)
ponedělьnikoma (dative dual)
ponedělьnikomъ (dative plural)
ponedělьnikъ (accusative singular)
ponedělьnika (accusative dual)
ponedělьniky (accusative plural)
ponedělьnikъmь (instrumental singular)
ponedělьnikomь (instrumental singular)
ponedělьnikoma (dual instrumental)
ponedělьniky (instrumental plural)
ponedělьnicě (locative singular)
ponedělьniku (dual locative)
ponedělьnicěxъ (locative plural)
ponedělьniče (singular vocative)
ponedělьnika (dual vocative)
ponedělьnici (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

понедѣ́льникъ

Old East Slavic: понедѣ́льникъ (ponedě́lĭnikŭ)

понеде́льник

Russian: понеде́льник (ponedélʹnik)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: понєдѣльникъ (ponedělĭnikŭ)

Glagolitic: ⱂⱁⱀⰵⰴⱑⰾⱐⱀⰻⰽⱏ (ponedělĭnikŭ)

Bulgarian: понеде́лник (ponedélnik)

Macedonian: поне́делник (ponédelnik)

From *po- (“after”) + *neděľa (“Sunday”) + *-ьnikъ.


ely

elỳ (canonical masculine)
elỳ (nominative singular)
elèni (dual nominative)
elène (nominative plural)
elène (genitive singular)
elènu (dual genitive)
elènъ (genitive plural)
elèni (dative singular)
elènьma (dative dual)
elènьmъ (dative plural)
elènь (accusative singular)
elèni (accusative dual)
elèni (accusative plural)
elènьmь (instrumental singular)
elènьma (dual instrumental)
elènьmī (instrumental plural)
elène (locative singular)
elènu (dual locative)
elènьxъ (locative plural)
elỳ (singular vocative)
elèni (dual vocative)
elène (plural vocative)
*olỳ (alternative)
*ȅlę (alternative)
*eleňь (alternative)
*elenь (alternative)
*elenъ (alternative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: олень (olenĭ)

Old Ruthenian: олень (olenʹ)

Belarusian: але́нь (aljénʹ)

Carpathian Rusyn: о́лень (ólenʹ)

Ukrainian: о́лень (ólenʹ); о́лінь (ólinʹ), лінь (linʹ) (dialectal)

Russian: оле́нь (olénʹ); о́лень (ólenʹ) (dialectal) (see there for further descendants)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: ѥлень (jelenĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱗⰾⰵⱀⱐ (jęlenĭ)

Bulgarian: еле́н (elén)

Macedonian: елен (elen)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: јѐлен, јѐљен, јѐлин; је̏лен (dialectal)

Latin script: jèlen, jèljen, jèlin; jȅlen (dialectal)

Slovene: jélen (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jelen

Czech: jelen; jeľeň (dialectal)

Kashubian: jeléń

Old Polish: jeleń

Polish: jeleń

→ Old Ruthenian: єлень (jelenʹ)

Silesian: lelyń

Old Slovak: jeleň

Pannonian Rusyn: єлень (jelenʹ)

Slovak: jeleň

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: jeleń

Upper Sorbian: jeleń

Eventually from Proto-Indo-European *h₁el-h₁en (“red deer, elk”).


kolikъ

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: коликъ (kolikŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰽⱁⰾⰻⰽⱏ (kolikŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: колѝкӣ

Latin script: kolìkī

West Slavic:

Old Czech: koliký

Czech: kolik

ncog

Proto-Indo-European *leykʷ- (“to leave”)


kъjь

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: къи (kŷi), кꙑи (kyi); къ (kŭ)

Old Ruthenian: кой (koj), кїй (kij)

Carpathian Rusyn: кый (kŷj)

Ukrainian: кий (kyj); кой (koj) (dialectal)

Russian: кой (koj), коё (kojó), каё (kajó) (dialectal)

Old Novgorodian: кеи (kei)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⰽⱏⰻ (ky), ⰽⱏⰺⰻ (kyi)

Old Cyrillic script: къи (kŷi), кꙑи (kyi)

Old Serbo-Croatian: ki

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ко̀јӣ; ка̏ј, ки̑ј, ки (dialectal)

Latin script: kòjī; kȁj, kȋj, ki (dialectal)

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: koji, kí, káj (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: ký; ⇒ kéž

Czech: ký; kay (dialectal)

Old Polish: ki

Polish: ki; kay (dialectal)

Old Slovak: ký

Pannonian Rusyn: ки (ki)

Slovak: ký

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: ka (archaic); ⇒ kiž

⇒ Upper Sorbian: kenž

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kas-is. Morphologically from *kъ(to) + *jь.


nikъto

nikъto (feminine masculine nominative)
ničьto (neuter nominative)
nikъto (accusative feminine masculine)
ničьto (accusative neuter)
nikogo (feminine genitive masculine)
ničeso (genitive neuter)
nikomь (feminine locative masculine)
ničemь (locative neuter)
nikomu (dative feminine masculine)
ničemu (dative neuter)
nicěmь (feminine instrumental masculine)
ničimь (instrumental neuter)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: ніхто́ (nixtó)

Russian: никто́ (niktó), нихто́ (nixtó) (regional)

desc

Carpathian Rusyn: нихто (nyxto), нико (nyko)

Ukrainian: ніхто́ (nixtó)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: никъто (nikŭto)

Glagolitic script: [Term?]

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ни̏тко (Štokavian, Croatia), ни̏ко (Štokavian, Bosnia, Serbia), никдо (Kajkavian)

Latin script: nȉtko (Štokavian, Croatia), nȉko (Štokavian, Bosnia, Serbia), nikdo (Kajkavian)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: nikto, nikte
Czech: nikdo

desctree

Old Polish: nikt
Polish: nikt
Silesian: nikt

Slovak: nikto

Polabian: nekåtü

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: nicht

Slovincian: njicht

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: nicht

Upper Sorbian: ništó


ničьto

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic:

desc

Old Ruthenian: ништо (ništo), ничто (ničto)

Belarusian: нішто́ (ništó)

Ukrainian: ніщо́ (niščó)

Russian: ничто́ (ništó); ничё (ničó), ничо́ (ničó) (nonstandard)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: ничьто (ničĭto)

Glagolitic script: [Term?]

Bulgarian: ни́що (níšto)

Macedonian: ништо (ništo)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ни̏што, ни̏шта

Latin script: nȉšto, nȉšta

Slovene: nič

West Slavic:

desctree

Old Czech: ničs, ničso, ničse, nic
Czech: nic

Old Polish: nic, nics, niczs, nicso, niczso
Polish: nic
Silesian: nic

Old Slovak: nič

Pannonian Rusyn: нїч (njič)

Slovak: nič

Polabian: nic

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: nic

Slovincian: njic

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: nic

Upper Sorbian: ništo


vьsь

vь̀sь (canonical feminine)
vь̀sь (nominative singular)
vьsì (dual nominative)
vьsì (nominative plural)
vь̀si (genitive singular)
vь̀sьju (dual genitive)
vьšu (dual genitive)
vьsь̀jь (genitive plural)
vь̀si (genitive plural)
vьsì (dative singular)
vь̀sьma (dative dual)
vьsь̀mъ (dative plural)
vь̀sь (accusative singular)
vьsì (accusative dual)
vьsì (accusative plural)
vь̀sьjǫ (instrumental singular)
vь̀šǫ (instrumental singular)
vь̀sьma (dual instrumental)
vь̀sьmī (instrumental plural)
vь̀si (locative singular)
vь̀sьju (dual locative)
vьšu (dual locative)
vьsь̀xъ (locative plural)
vьsi (singular vocative)
vьsì (dual vocative)
vьsì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: вьсь (vĭsĭ)

Old Ruthenian: весь (vesʹ)

desc

Belarusian: весь (vjesʹ), вёска (vjóska)

Russian: весь (vesʹ) (dated or in set expressions)

⇒ Russian: ве́слина (véslina), весца́ (vescá) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: вьсь (vĭsĭ)

Bulgarian: вес (ves), ве́сец (vésec) (historical)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ва̑с

Latin script: vȃs

Slovene: vȃs (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: ves
Czech: ves

desctree

Old Polish: wieś
Polish: wieś
Silesian: wieś

Slovak: ves, Ves

Polabian: vas

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: wies

Slovincian: wjês

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: wjas

Upper Sorbian: wjes

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wiśis, from Proto-Indo-European *weyḱ-.
Akin to Latvian vìesis (“visitor”), Lithuanian viešis (“guest”). Further related to Latin vīcus (“village”), Proto-Germanic *wīkō (“settlement”), which may be the origin of Old Norse víkingr (“viking”). The latter was borrowed into Slavic as Proto-Slavic *vitędzь (“hero, knight”).


samъ

samъ (masculine nominative singular)
sama (feminine nominative singular)
samo (neuter nominative singular)
samъ (accusative masculine singular)
samǫ (accusative feminine singular)
samo (accusative neuter singular)
samogo (genitive masculine singular)
samoję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
samogo (genitive neuter singular)
samomь (locative masculine singular)
samoji (feminine locative singular)
samomь (locative neuter singular)
samomu (dative masculine singular)
samoji (dative feminine singular)
samomu (dative neuter singular)
saměmь (instrumental masculine singular)
samojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
saměmь (instrumental neuter singular)
sama (dual masculine nominative)
samě (dual feminine nominative)
samě (dual neuter nominative)
sama (accusative dual masculine)
samě (accusative dual feminine)
samě (accusative dual neuter)
samoju (dual genitive masculine)
samoju (dual feminine genitive)
samoju (dual genitive neuter)
samoju (dual locative masculine)
samoju (dual feminine locative)
samoju (dual locative neuter)
saměma (dative dual masculine)
saměma (dative dual feminine)
saměma (dative dual neuter)
saměma (dual instrumental masculine)
saměma (dual feminine instrumental)
saměma (dual instrumental neuter)
sami (masculine nominative plural)
samy (feminine nominative plural)
sama (neuter nominative plural)
samy (accusative masculine plural)
samy (accusative feminine plural)
sama (accusative neuter plural)
saměxъ (genitive masculine plural)
saměxъ (feminine genitive plural)
saměxъ (genitive neuter plural)
saměxъ (locative masculine plural)
saměxъ (feminine locative plural)
saměxъ (locative neuter plural)
saměmъ (dative masculine plural)
saměmъ (dative feminine plural)
saměmъ (dative neuter plural)
saměmi (instrumental masculine plural)
saměmi (feminine instrumental plural)
saměmi (instrumental neuter plural)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: самъ (samŭ)

Belarusian: сам (sam)

Russian: сам (sam)

Ukrainian: сам (sam)

Old Novgorodian: саме (same)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: самъ (samŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⰰⰿⱏ (samŭ)

Bulgarian: сам (sam)

Macedonian: сам (sam)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: са̑м

Latin script: sȃm

Slovene: sam

West Slavic:

Old Czech: sám

Czech: sám

Old Polish: sam
Polish: sam
Silesian: sōm

Slovak: sám

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: sóm

Slovincian: sóm

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: sam

Lower Sorbian: sam

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sāmas, from Proto-Indo-European *somHós.


-yni

-yni (nominative singular)
-yňi (dual nominative)
-yňę̇ (nominative plural)
-yňę̇ (genitive singular)
-yňu (dual genitive)
-yňь (genitive plural)
-yňi (dative singular)
-yňama (dative dual)
-yňamъ (dative plural)
-yňǫ (accusative singular)
-yňi (accusative dual)
-yňę̇ (accusative plural)
-yňejǫ (instrumental singular)
-yňǫ (instrumental singular)
-yňama (dual instrumental)
-yňami (instrumental plural)
-yňi (locative singular)
-yňu (dual locative)
-yňasъ (locative plural)
-yňaxъ (locative plural)
-yňe (singular vocative)
-yňi (dual vocative)
-yňę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: -ꙑни (-yni)

Belarusian: -іня (-inja), -ыня (-ynja)

Russian: -иня (-inja), -ыня (-ynja)

Ukrainian: -иня (-ynja)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: -ꙑн҄и (-ynʹi)

Glagolitic: -ⱏⰹⱀⰻ (-yni)

Bulgarian: -иня (-inja)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: -иња

Latin script: -inja

Slovene: -inja

West Slavic:

Old Czech: -yni, -yně

Czech: -yně

Kashubian: -ëni

Old Polish: -yni

Polish: -ini, -yni

Old Slovak: -yňa

Pannonian Rusyn: -иня (-inja)

Slovak: -yňa

Resultant from the fossilization of the feminine agentive suffix *-ni (“one”) to v-stem *-y. In rare cases, the original v-stem noun has survived, e.g. *smoky (“fig”) + *-ni → *smokyni (“fig fruit”).
Nominative singular *-yni (with a hard consonant), genitive *-ynję (with a soft consonant) reflects Proto-Indo-European proterokinetic *ʹ-ih₂, *-yéh₂-s, and is a cognate inflectional class as found in Sanskrit देवी (devī́, “goddess”) (genitive देव्या (devyāḥ)), Ancient Greek Μοῦσα (Moûsa, “Muse”) (genitive Μούσης (Moúsēs)), Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐍅𐌹 (mawi, “girl”) (genitive 𐌼𐌰𐌿𐌾𐍉𐍃 (maujōs)) and Lithuanian marti̇̀ (“daughter in law”) (genitive marčiõs).
Already during the Balto-Slavic period these nouns almost completely merged with jā-stems, but kept the separate nominative singular ending. In Late Common Slavic this was leveled out, and already in Old Church Slavonic nominative singular is attested spelled with the soft consonant, following the rest of the paradigm.

bogъ (“god”) → *bogyni (“goddess”)

gospodъ (“lord, master”) → *gospodyni (“mistress”)

orbъ (“slave, servant”) → *orbyni (“female slave, maid”)

sǫsědь (“neighbor”) → *sǫsědyni (“female neighbor”)

Denominal, forming feminine noun forms. Equivalent of English -ess.

prostъ (“simple, straight; free”) → *prostyni (“freedom, liberty”)

svętъ (“holy”) → *svętyni (“holiness, sacredness”)

bolgъ (“mild, gentle”) → *bolgyni (“prosperity, welfare”)

pustъ (“barren, empty”) → *pustyni (“wasteland”)

Deadjectival, forming feminine nouns denoting a carrier of the specified property, state or condition.


bogyni

bogyni (nominative singular)
bogyňi (dual nominative)
bogyňę̇ (nominative plural)
bogyňę̇ (genitive singular)
bogyňu (dual genitive)
bogyňь (genitive plural)
bogyňi (dative singular)
bogyňama (dative dual)
bogyňamъ (dative plural)
bogyňǫ (accusative singular)
bogyňi (accusative dual)
bogyňę̇ (accusative plural)
bogyňejǫ (instrumental singular)
bogyňǫ (instrumental singular)
bogyňama (dual instrumental)
bogyňami (instrumental plural)
bogyňi (locative singular)
bogyňu (dual locative)
bogyňasъ (locative plural)
bogyňaxъ (locative plural)
bogyňe (singular vocative)
bogyňi (dual vocative)
bogyňę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: богꙑни (bogyni)

Old Ruthenian: богинѧ (bohinja)

Belarusian: багі́ня (bahínja)

Carpathian Rusyn: богы́ня (bohŷ́nja)

Ukrainian: боги́ня (bohýnja)

Russian: боги́ня (bogínja)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrilic: богꙑни (bogyni)

Glagolitic: ⰱⱁⰳⱏⰺⱀⰹ (bogyni)

Bulgarian: боги́ня (bogínja)

Macedonian: богиња (boginja)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бо̀гиња

Latin script: bòginja

Slovene: bogínja (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: bohyni

Czech: bohyně

Old Polish: bogini

Polish: bogini

Slovak: bohyňa


-teľь

-teľь (nominative singular)
-teľa (dual nominative)
-teľi (nominative plural)
-teľa (genitive singular)
-teľu (dual genitive)
-teľь (genitive plural)
-teľu (dative singular)
-teľema (dative dual)
-teľemъ (dative plural)
-teľь (accusative singular)
-teľa (accusative dual)
-teľę̇ (accusative plural)
-teľьmь (instrumental singular)
-teľemь (instrumental singular)
-teľema (dual instrumental)
-teľi (instrumental plural)
-teľi (locative singular)
-teľu (dual locative)
-teľixъ (locative plural)
-teľu (singular vocative)
-teľa (dual vocative)
-teľi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: -тель (-telĭ)

Old Ruthenian: -тель (-telʹ)

Belarusian: -цель (-cjelʹ)

Ukrainian: -тель (-telʹ)

Russian: -тель (-telʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: -тел҄ь (-telʹĭ)

Glagolitic script: -ⱅⰵⰾⱐ (-telĭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: -тељ

Latin script: -telj

Slovene: -telj

West Slavic:

Old Czech: -tel

Czech: -tel

Kashubian: -cél

Polish: -ciel

Old Slovak: -teľ

Pannonian Rusyn: -тель (-telʹ)

Slovak: -teľ

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: -śel

Upper Sorbian: -ćel

Compounded from the original athematic suffix *-tel- (still preserved in *dętelъ, *dętьlъ (“woodpecker”) and *dętelъ (“clover”)) and *-jь. Traces of the original consonantal-stem inflection are well preserved in plural forms, such as the Old Church Slavonic nominative plural -е (-e) / -ⰵ (-e), but genitive plural -ъ (-ŭ) / -ⱏ (-ŭ)).
*-tel- formant probably continues Proto-Indo-European *-ter-, most likely as a result of dissimilation in words such as *orteľь (“plower”) < *or-tel- < *or-ter-. The alternation l : r could also be inherited, because it is already found in Proto-Indo-European, not only in common words, but also in other suffixes, such as *-tlom : *-trom, *-dʰlom : *-dʰrom, which form nomina instrumenti.
Compare *-dlo.

dati (“to give”) + *-teľь → *dateľь (“donor, giver”)

žęti + *-teľь → *žęteľь (“harvester, cropper”)

bľusti (“to be awake; watch”) + *-teľь → *bľustiteľь (“guard, guardian, sentry”)

prositi (“to ask; beg”) + *-teľь → *prositeľь (“beggar”)

dělati (“to do”) + *-teľь → *dělateľь (“worker”)

prijati (“to favor, please; be favorable”) + *-teľь → *prijateľь (“friend”)

Deverbative, forms agent nouns from the infinitive/aorist stem. Equivalent to English -er.


prijateľь

prijàteľь (canonical masculine)
prijàteľь (nominative singular)
prijàteľa (dual nominative)
prijàteľi (nominative plural)
prijàteľa (genitive singular)
prijàteľu (dual genitive)
prijàteľь (genitive plural)
prijàteľu (dative singular)
prijàteľema (dative dual)
prijàteľēmъ (dative plural)
prijàteľь (accusative singular)
prijàteľa (accusative dual)
prijàteľę̇ (accusative plural)
prijàteľьmь (instrumental singular)
prijàteľemь (instrumental singular)
prijàteľema (dual instrumental)
prijàteľī (instrumental plural)
prijàteľi (locative singular)
prijàteľu (dual locative)
prijàteľīxъ (locative plural)
prijàteľu (singular vocative)
prijàteľa (dual vocative)
prijàteľi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: приꙗтель (prijatelĭ)

desc

Old Ruthenian: приꙗтель (prijatelʹ), приетель (prjetelʹ)

Belarusian: пры́яцель (prýjacjelʹ)

Carpathian Rusyn: приятель (pryjatelʹ)

Ukrainian: при́ятель (prýjatelʹ)

Russian: прия́тель (prijátelʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: приꙗтел҄ь (prijatelʹĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱂⱃⰹⱑⱅⰵⰾ҄ⱐ (priětelʹĭ)

Bulgarian: прия́тел (prijátel)

Macedonian: при́јател (príjatel)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: при̏јатељ

Latin script: prȉjatelj

Slovene: prijȃtelj (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

desctree

Old Czech: přietel, přieteľ (alternative writing)
Czech: přítel

Old Polish: przyjaciel
Polish: przyjaciel
Silesian: przijŏciyl

Old Slovak: priateľ, priäteľ, priăteľ, priáteľ, príateľ
Pannonian Rusyn: приятель (prijatelʹ)
Slovak: priateľ

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: przëjacél

Slovincian: przëjacél

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: přećel

Lower Sorbian: pśijaśel

Non-Slavic:

→ Romanian: prieten

Etymology tree
Proto-Balto-Slavic *prīˀjā́ˀtei
Proto-Slavic *prijàti
Proto-Indo-European *-tḗr?
Proto-Slavic *-jь
Proto-Slavic *-teľь
Proto-Slavic *prijateľь
From *prijàti (“to favor, please”) + *-teľь.


rybařь

rỳbāřь (canonical masculine)
rybařь (nominative singular)
rybařa (dual nominative)
rybaři (nominative plural)
rybařa (genitive singular)
rybařu (dual genitive)
rybařь (genitive plural)
rybařu (dative singular)
rybařema (dative dual)
rybařemъ (dative plural)
rybařь (accusative singular)
rybařa (accusative dual)
rybařę̇ (accusative plural)
rybařьmь (instrumental singular)
rybařemь (instrumental singular)
rybařema (dual instrumental)
rybaři (instrumental plural)
rybaři (locative singular)
rybařu (dual locative)
rybařixъ (locative plural)
rybařu (singular vocative)
rybařa (dual vocative)
rybaři (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: рыба́р (rybár) (obsolete)

Russian: ры́барь (rýbarʹ) (obsolete), рыба́рь (rybárʹ)

Ukrainian: риба́р (rybár) (obsolete)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: рꙑбарь (rybarĭ)

Bulgarian: риба́р (ribár)

Macedonian: ри́бар (ríbar)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ри̏ба̄р

Latin script: rȉbār

Slovene: ribár

West Slavic:

Czech: rybář

Kashubian: rëbôrz (Southern)

Polish: rybarz (obsolete)

Polabian: *råibăr

Slovak: rybár


-ařь

-ařь (nominative singular)
-ařa (dual nominative)
-aři (nominative plural)
-ařa (genitive singular)
-ařu (dual genitive)
-ařь (genitive plural)
-ařu (dative singular)
-ařema (dative dual)
-ařemъ (dative plural)
-ařь (accusative singular)
-ařa (accusative dual)
-ařę̇ (accusative plural)
-ařьmь (instrumental singular)
-ařemь (instrumental singular)
-ařema (dual instrumental)
-aři (instrumental plural)
-aři (locative singular)
-ařu (dual locative)
-ařixъ (locative plural)
-ařu (singular vocative)
-ařa (dual vocative)
-aři (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: -арь (-arĭ)

Old Ruthenian: -аръ (-ar)

Belarusian: -ар (-ar)

Ukrainian: -ар (-ar)

Russian: -арь (-arʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: -ар҄ь (-arʹĭ)

Glagolitic script: [Term?]

Bulgarian: -ар (-ar)

Macedonian: -ар (-ar)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: -ар

Latin script: -ar

Slovene: -ar

West Slavic:

Old Czech: -ář, -ař

Czech: -ář, -ař

Polabian: -ăr

Old Polish: -arz
Polish: -arz

Old Slovak: -ár

Slovak: -ár

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: -ôrz

Slovincian: -órz

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: -aŕ

Upper Sorbian: -ar

From Gothic -𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃 (-āreis), from Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz or from Latin -ārius. Proto-Slavic borrowed from Gothic both the derivations (e.g. *mytařь (“tax collector”) and *bukařь (“scribe, literate man”)) and their base forms (*myto (“payment, gift”) and *buky (“beech; record; document”) which enabled synchronic morphological segmentation of the borrowed denominals and finally an analogical generalization of the *-ařь suffix for forming other denominal nouns with agentive meaning, on the basis of non-borrowed nominal stems (e.g. *kľučařь on the basis of *kľučь, *zidařь on the basis of *zidъ).

myto + *-ařь → *mytařь

buky + *-ařь → *bukařь

ryba + *-ařь → *rybařь

kľučь + *-ařь → *kľučařь

-er; derives agent nouns, signifying someone who is connected to something, often by trade or profession.

vold- + *-ařь → *voldařь


volstь

vȏlstь (canonical feminine)
vȏlstь (nominative singular)
vȏlsti (dual nominative)
vȏlsti (nominative plural)
volstí (genitive singular)
volstьjù (dual genitive)
volstь̀jь (genitive plural)
vȏlsti (dative singular)
volstьmà (dative dual)
vȏlstьmъ (dative plural)
vȏlstь (accusative singular)
vȏlsti (accusative dual)
vȏlsti (accusative plural)
volstьjǫ́ (instrumental singular)
volstьmà (dual instrumental)
volstьmì (instrumental plural)
volstí (locative singular)
volstьjù (dual locative)
vȏlstьxъ (locative plural)
volsti (singular vocative)
vȏlsti (dual vocative)
vȏlsti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: волость (volostĭ)

Old Ruthenian: волость (volostʹ)

desc

Belarusian: во́ласць (vólascʹ, “county”) (obsolete)

Ukrainian: во́лость (vólostʹ, “county”) (obsolete)

Russian: во́лость (vólostʹ, “county”) (obsolete)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: власть (vlastĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰲⰾⰰⱄⱅⱐ (vlastĭ)

Bulgarian: власт (vlast)

Macedonian: власт (vlast)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: вла̑ст

Latin script: vlȃst

Slovene: lȃst (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vlast (“homeland”)

Czech: vlast

Bohemian (Chod dialect): vlast

Old Polish: włość (“manor”)

Polish: włość (“manor”)

Slovak: vlasť

Pannonian Rusyn: власц (vlasc)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *walˀstís, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wolh₁dʰh₁-ti-s, from *h₂welh₁dʰh₁-, from *h₂welh₁- (“to rule”). Morphologically as if from *vold- (“to rule”) + *-tь, from the root of one of the verbs *volsti, *voldati or *volděti all meaning "to rule".
Cognate with Latvian valsts (“state, realm”), Lithuanian valstybė.


-tь

-tь (nominative singular)
-ti (dual nominative)
-ti (nominative plural)
-ti (genitive singular)
-tьju (dual genitive)
-tьjь (genitive plural)
-ti (dative singular)
-tьma (dative dual)
-tьmъ (dative plural)
-tь (accusative singular)
-ti (accusative dual)
-ti (accusative plural)
-tьjǫ (instrumental singular)
-tьma (dual instrumental)
-tьmi (instrumental plural)
-ti (locative singular)
-tьju (dual locative)
-tьxъ (locative plural)
-ti (singular vocative)
-ti (dual vocative)
-ti (plural vocative)
*-ťь (alternative)

merti (“to die”) → *sъmьrtь (“death”)

mogti > *moťi (“to be able to, can”) → *mogtь > *moťь (“power, strength”)

pekti > *peťi (“to bake”) → *pektь > *peťь (“furnace”)

padti > *pasti (“to fall”) → *padtь >*pastь (“trap”)

mazati (“to grease”) → *maztь > *mastь (“ointment”)

dē- (“to suck”) > *dětь (“child”)

Deverbative, creates nouns denoting act, state, objects or tools.


voji

voji (nominative plural)
vojь (genitive plural)
vojemъ (dative plural)
voję̇ (accusative plural)
voji (instrumental plural)
vojixъ (locative plural)
voji (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: вои (voi)


vojevoda

vojevoda (nominative singular)
vojevodě (dual nominative)
vojevody (nominative plural)
vojevody (genitive singular)
vojevodu (dual genitive)
vojevodъ (genitive plural)
vojevodě (dative singular)
vojevodama (dative dual)
vojevodamъ (dative plural)
vojevodǫ (accusative singular)
vojevodě (accusative dual)
vojevody (accusative plural)
vojevodojǫ (instrumental singular)
vojevodǫ (instrumental singular)
vojevodama (dual instrumental)
vojevodami (instrumental plural)
vojevodě (locative singular)
vojevodu (dual locative)
vojevodasъ (locative plural)
vojevodaxъ (locative plural)
vojevodo (singular vocative)
vojevodě (dual vocative)
vojevody (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: воевода (vojevoda)

Old Ruthenian: воєвода (vojevoda)

Belarusian: ваяво́да (vajavóda)

Ukrainian: воєво́да (vojevóda)

Russian: воево́да (vojevóda)

Old Novgorodian: воѥвода (vojevoda)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: воѥвода (vojevoda)

Glagolitic script: ⰲⱁⰻⰵⰲⱁⰴⰰ (voievoda)

Bulgarian: войво́да (vojvóda)

Macedonian: војвода (vojvoda)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: во̀јвода (> Војводина)

Latin script: vòjvoda (> Vojvodina)

Slovene: vọ̑jvoda (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vévoda, vývoda, vejvoda

Czech: vévoda; vejvoda (archaic); vývoda (obsolete)

Kashubian: wòjewòda

Polabian: våjvåda

Old Polish: wojewoda, wojwoda

Polish: wojewoda

→ Old Lithuanian: vaivadà, vaivoda

Lithuanian: vaivada

Silesian: wojewoda

Old Slovak: vojvoda

Slovak: vojvoda

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: wójwoda

Upper Sorbian: wójwoda

Non-Slavic:

→ English: voivode

→ Finnish: voivodi

→ French: voïvode

→ German: Wojewode, Woiwode

→ Hungarian: vajda

→ Latin: voivoda

→ Romanian: voievod

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: ویوده (voyvoda, vayvoda), ویوودا, ویووده (voyvoda, vayvoda)
Turkish: voyvoda, vayvoda

From *vojь (“warrior”) + *-e- + *voda (“lead, conduct”).

compound

Marko Snoj
uk:Мельничук Олександр Савич


větъ

větъ (nominative singular)
věta (dual nominative)
věti (nominative plural)
věta (genitive singular)
větu (dual genitive)
větъ (genitive plural)
větu (dative singular)
větoma (dative dual)
větomъ (dative plural)
větъ (accusative singular)
věta (accusative dual)
věty (accusative plural)
větъmь (instrumental singular)
větomь (instrumental singular)
větoma (dual instrumental)
věty (instrumental plural)
větě (locative singular)
větu (dual locative)
větěxъ (locative plural)
věte (singular vocative)
věta (dual vocative)
věti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: вѣтъ (větŭ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: вѣтъ (větŭ)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *waitas, from Proto-Indo-European *weyt- (possibly *weHyt-), akin to Lithuanian vaiténti (“to discuss”), Old Prussian waitiāt (“to talk”). Possibly cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬚𐬀 f (vaēθa, “judgement”) and further related to Sanskrit वेथ् (veth, “begging, asking”), Sanskrit वेटति (veṭati, “to sound”).
Alternatively, from Proto-Indo-European *wekʷ- (“to speak”), presumably from *wekʷtos (cf. Proto-Slavic *veťь (“thing”)), which is however dismissed on comparative basis - the expected outcome of the proposed reconstruction would be **vetъ.
According to Derksen, the root is limited to Balto-Slavic.


bez(ъ)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: безъ (bezŭ)

Old Ruthenian: безъ (bez)

Belarusian: без (bjez)

Carpathian Rusyn: без (bez)

Ukrainian: без (bez)

Russian: без (bez)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: без (bez)

Glagolitic script: ⰱⰵⰸ (bez)

Bulgarian: без (bez)

Macedonian: без (bez)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бѐз

Latin script: bèz

Slovene: brez (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: bez

Czech: bez

Bohemian (Chod dialect): bez

Kashubian: bez

desctree

Old Polish: bez, beze
Polish: bez
Silesian: bez

Old Slovak: bez

Pannonian Rusyn: без (bez)

Slovak: bez

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: bjez

Lower Sorbian: bźez

Continues Proto-Balto-Slavic *beź, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰe (instrumental particle) + Proto-Indo-European *-ǵʰs (“out”). Cognate with Lithuanian bè, Latvian bez, Old Prussian bhe, and likely Sanskrit बहिस् (bahís, “outside”). The first element is probably the same as that in Proto-Slavic *bo (“for”), Lithuanian bà (“really”), Ancient Greek φή (phḗ, “like, as”), Avestan 𐬠𐬁 (bā, “indeed”).


jьz

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: из (iz), изъ (izŭ)

Old Ruthenian: изъ (iz), исъ (is)

Belarusian: з (z), зо (zo)

Carpathian Rusyn: из (yz)

Ukrainian: з (z), із (iz)

Russian: из (iz), изо (izo)

Old Novgorodian: иꙁ (iz), иꙁъ (izŭ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: из (iz), изъ (izŭ)

Bulgarian: из (iz)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: из

Latin script: iz

Slovene: iz (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: z, ze
Czech: z

desctree

Old Polish: z, s, se, ze
Polish: z (“from”)
Silesian: z (“from”)

desc

Pannonian Rusyn: з (z), зо (zo), зоз (zoz)

Slovak: z, zo

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: z, ze, zez

Slovincian: sê

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: z, ze

Lower Sorbian: z, ze

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *iź, *iś, from Proto-Indo-European *eḱs, *eǵʰs, *h₁eǵʰs (“out of”). Cognates with Lithuanian iš (dialectally iž), Latvian iz, Old Prussian is.

e*ejь ()*ě ()*i ()*ju ()*ovъ ()

this (emphatic); let; and; besides; this (demonstative); old instrumental


meďu

East Slavic:

Belarusian: між (miž), памі́ж (pamíž), про́меж (prómjež)

Russian: меж (mež), межу (mežu) (dialectal or obsolete), проме́ж (proméž)

Carpathian Rusyn: меж (mež), межи (mežy), змежи (zmežy), помежи (pomežy), спомежи (spomežy), испомежи (yspomežy)

Ukrainian: між (miž), меж (mež) (dialectal), ме́жи́ (méžý), по́між (pómiž, “in a row, near”) (dialectal), помі́ж (pomíž), поме́жи (poméžy), про́між (prómiž)

Ukrainian: з-між (z-miž), з-по́між (z-pómiž), з-промі́ж (z-promíž)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: междоу (meždu), междю (meždju)

→ Russian: ме́жду (méždu), проме́жду (proméždu)

Bulgarian: между́ (meždú)

Macedonian: меѓу (meǵu)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ме̏ђу

Latin script: mȅđu

Slovene: med

Fossilized from the locative dual of *meďa (“border; boundary”); literally, "in the (two) borders".


nadъ

East Slavic:

Belarusian: над (nad)

Russian: над (nad)

Ukrainian: над (nad)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: надъ (nadŭ)

Bulgarian: над (nad)

Macedonian: над (nad)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: на̏д

Latin script: nȁd

Slovene: nad (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: nad
Czech: nad

desctree

Old Polish: nad, nade
Polish: nad, nade
Silesian: nad, nady

Slovak: nad

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: nad, nód

Slovincian: nad

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: nad

Upper Sorbian: nad

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *nōda, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂nō-dʰh₁-o-m. The first part of the compound is directly reflected in *na (“on”), and for the second part compare a similarly constructed preposition *podъ. *dʰh₁o- represents a root noun of the verb *dʰeh₁- (“to do, put, place”), whence also *děti.

(with instrumental) over, above (stationary)

(with accusative) over, above (motion to)


podъ

East Slavic:

Belarusian: пад (pad), па́да (páda)

Russian: под (pod), по́до (pódo)

desc

Carpathian Rusyn: пуд (pud), пӱд (püd), попуд (popud), попӱд (popüd)

Ukrainian: під (pid), пі́ді (pídi), пі́до (pído)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: подъ (podŭ)

Bulgarian: под (pod)

Macedonian: под (pod)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: по̏д

Latin script: pȍd

Slovene: pȍd (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: pod, pode
Czech: pod

desctree

Old Polish: pod, pode
Polish: pod
Silesian: pod

Slovak: pod

Pomeranian:

Polabian: püd

Kashubian: pòd, pòde

Slovincian: pôd

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: pod

Lower Sorbian: pód

*po (“after, by”) + *-dъ, compare *nadъ.

(with instrumental) under, below, beneath (stationary)

(with accusative) under, below, beneath (motion to)


podъ

pòdъ (canonical)
pȍdъ (canonical masculine)
pòdъ (nominative singular)
podà (dual nominative)
podì (nominative plural)
podà (genitive singular)
podù (dual genitive)
pòdъ (genitive plural)
podù (dative singular)
podòma (dative dual)
podòmъ (dative plural)
pòdъ (accusative singular)
podà (accusative dual)
podỳ (accusative plural)
podъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
podòmь (instrumental singular)
podòma (dual instrumental)
pòdy (instrumental plural)
podě̀ (locative singular)
podù (dual locative)
pòděxъ (locative plural)
pode (singular vocative)
podà (dual vocative)
podì (plural vocative)
pȍdъ (nominative singular)
pȍda (dual nominative)
pȍdi (nominative plural)
pȍda (genitive singular)
podù (dual genitive)
pòdъ (genitive plural)
pȍdu (dative singular)
podomà (dative dual)
podòmъ (dative plural)
pȍdъ (accusative singular)
pȍda (accusative dual)
pȍdy (accusative plural)
pȍdъmь (instrumental singular)
pȍdomь (instrumental singular)
podomà (dual instrumental)
podý (instrumental plural)
pȍdě (locative singular)
podù (dual locative)
podě̃xъ (locative plural)
pode (singular vocative)
pȍda (dual vocative)
pȍdi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: под (pod)

Russian: под (pod)

Ukrainian: під (pid)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: под (pod)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: по̏д

Latin script: pȍd

Slovene: pȍd (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: půda

Polish: spód

Slovak: pôda

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: póda

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: pad

From *po (“after, by”) + a zero-grade o-stem of Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to put, set”). A derivation from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds (“foot”) is less likely.


vъ(n)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: въ (vŭ), у (u), и (i)
Old Ruthenian: въ (v)
Belarusian: у (u), ў (ŭ)
Carpathian Rusyn: в (v), у (u)
Ukrainian: у (u), в (v)
Russian: в (v)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: въ (vŭ)

Bulgarian: в (v), във (vǎv)

Macedonian: во (vo)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: у

Latin script: u

Slovene: v

West Slavic:

Old Czech: v

Czech: v

Old Polish: w, we
Polish: w, we
Silesian: w, we, wy

Old Slovak: v

Pannonian Rusyn: в (v)

Slovak: v

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: w, we, wew

Slovincian: w, we

Polabian: vå

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: w

Lower Sorbian: w

PIE word
 *h₁en
From Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”), though the exact development path is disputed. Either:
* From Proto-Balto-Slavic *in, from the zero-grade *h₁n̥ of Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).
*: Cognate with Lithuanian į, in (Eastern dialects), Old Prussian en.
* From Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?], from o-grade *h₁ón of Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).
*: Cognate with Latvian iekša (ie-kša), Ancient Greek ἐν (en) / ἐνί (ení, “in, within”), Proto-Italic *en (“in”), Proto-Celtic *eni / *en (“in”), Proto-Germanic *in (“in”).
Often assumed to come from the zero-grade. However there are no secure examples of *n̥ > Balto-Slavic *un (other examples like *sъto (often considered to be an Iranian borrowing) are all riddled with difficulties and unreliable), and the o-grade *h₁ón can be posited instead. See also *mъnogъ, *vъnukъ, *vъnъ, *vъtorъ and *kъ(n), *gъnati, *gъrnъ, *gъrdlo, *kъrma, *dǫti/*dъmǫ.

(+ locative) in, inside, within (stationary)

(+ accusative) in, into, inside (motion to)

(+ locative) in, during (a period of time)


sъ(n)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: з (z), са (sa)

Russian: с (s), со (so)

Carpathian Rusyn: з (z), из (yz)

i

Ukrainian: з (z), із (iz), зі (zi); зо (zo) (dialectal, pronunciational version of "зі" after a pause)

Old Novgorodian: съ (sŭ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: съ (sŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱏ (sŭ)

Bulgarian: с (s), със (sǎs)

Macedonian: со (so)

Serbo-Croatian::

Cyrillic script: с, са

Latin script: s, sa

Slovene: s, z (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: s

Czech: s

desctree

Old Polish: z, s, se, ze
Polish: z (“with”)
Silesian: z (“with”)

Slovak: s, so

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: z, ze, zez

Slovincian: sê

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: z

Lower Sorbian: z

From either Proto-Indo-European *sm̥- (“one, same”) in which case inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *san and cognate with Latvian sa-, Lithuanian su, or from Proto-Indo-European *ḱom (“with”).
Etymologically identical to the nominal prefix Proto-Slavic *sǫ-. The difference in development is because of the looser juncture between early Proto-Slavic verbs and preverbs: thus, preverbal *sun was subject to Slavic Auslautgesetze. A similar situation is found in modern German. Not to be confused with Proto-Slavic *sъ- (“good”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁su-.

(with instrumental) with, accompanying, alongside

(with instrumental) with, by means of, using

(with genitive) off, from, from the surface of, from the top of


perdъ

East Slavic:

Belarusian: пе́рад (pjérad)

Russian: пе́ред (péred)

Ukrainian: пе́ред (péred)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: прѣдъ (prědŭ)

→ Russian: пред (pred)

→ Ukrainian: пред (pred)

Bulgarian: пред (pred)

Macedonian: пред (pred)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пре̏д

Latin script: prȅd

Slovene: pred (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: přěd
Czech: před

Old Polish: przed, przede
Polish: przed
Silesian: przed

Slovak: pred

Polabian: prid

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: przed

Slovincian: przêd

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: pśed

Upper Sorbian: před

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *perd-, from Proto-Indo-European *per-dʰh₁(-om), from *per- (“before”) + *dʰeh₁- (“to do, place”).

af

(with instrumental) before, in front of (stationary)

(with accusative) before, in front of (motion to)


otъ

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: отъ (otŭ), ѿ (otŭ)

Old Ruthenian: отъ (ot), ото (oto)

Belarusian: ад (ad), ада (ada)

Carpathian Rusyn: вуд (vud)

Ukrainian: від (vid)

Russian: от (ot), ото (oto)

Old Novgorodian: ѿ (otŭ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: отъ (otŭ)

Old Cyrillic script: отъ (otŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱁⱅⱏ (otŭ)

Bulgarian: от (ot)

Macedonian: од (od)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: о̏д

Latin script: ȍd

Slovene: od (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: ot

Czech: od

desctree

Old Polish: od, hod, hot, ode, ot, ote
Polish: od
Silesian: ôd

Slovak: od, odo

Polabian: vit

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: òd, òde

Slovincian: wôd

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: wot, wote

Lower Sorbian: wót, wóte

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ati (as a prefix: *at-), probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óti, o-grade variant of *h₁éti (“beyond, further; also”), or alternatively from *h₂éti (“but”). Cognate with Lithuanian at- (“back, away”), Latvian at- (“back away”), Old Prussian at-, et- (“back, away”) (the latter from an apparent variant *et-).

(with genitive) originating from, starting from (a place or time), since

(with genitive) of, made of, consisting of

(with genitive) by (in passive; by the action of)


otъ

òtъ (canonical masculine)
òtъ (nominative singular)
otà (dual nominative)
otì (nominative plural)
otà (genitive singular)
otù (dual genitive)
òtъ (genitive plural)
otù (dative singular)
otòma (dative dual)
otòmъ (dative plural)
òtъ (accusative singular)
otà (accusative dual)
otỳ (accusative plural)
otъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
otòmь (instrumental singular)
otòma (dual instrumental)
òty (instrumental plural)
otě̀ (locative singular)
otù (dual locative)
òtěxъ (locative plural)
ote (singular vocative)
otà (dual vocative)
otì (plural vocative)

Marko Snoj
Oleg Trubachyov
Rick Derksen
Vladimir I. Georgiev
bg:Иван Дуриданов
en:Leszek Moszyński
en:Polish Scientific Publishers PWN
ru:Журавлёв, Анатолий Фёдорович
uk:Мельничук Олександр Савич

West Slavic:

Kashubian: óta (“grandma”)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *áta, from Proto-Indo-European *átta (“father”). Baby-talk word.
Cognates include Albanian atë, Ancient Greek ἄττα (átta), Hittite 𒀜𒋫𒀸 (attaš, “father”), Latin atta, Proto-Germanic *attô (whence Gothic 𐌰𐍄𐍄𐌰 (atta), Old High German atto), Proto-Celtic *attyos (whence Old Irish aite), Ossetian ӕда (æda, “grandfather”).
Similarly sounding words are also attested in Proto-Turkic *ata (“father; ancestor”) and Proto-Uralic *attɜ (“father, grandfather”).

onomatopoeic

Baby-talk

cog

fatherly; paternal; fatherly; patriotic; fatherly figure; fatherland

< *otь̀kjь < *otь̀kъ + *-jь < *òtъ + *-ьkъ

otь̀čь*otьčevъ ()*otьčьnъ ()*otьčьskъ ()*otьčìmъ ()*otьčimьskъ*otьčimovъ*otь̀čьstvo ()


kъ(n)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: къ (kŭ), ко (ko), ку (ku)

Belarusian: к (k)

Russian: к (k), ко (ko)

Middle Ukrainian: ик (yk), икъ (yk), ико (yko), ко (ko), коу (ku), къ (k), кы (ky), кгъ (g)

Ukrainian: к (k), ік (ik), ґ (g), іґ (ig)

Old Novgorodian: къ (kŭ), ко (ko)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: къ (kŭ)

Bulgarian: към (kǎm)

Macedonian: кон (kon)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: к, ка

Latin script: k, ka

Slovene: k, h

West Slavic:

Old Czech: k

Czech: k, ke, ku

Kashubian: kù

desctree

Old Polish: ku, k
Polish: ku, k (Middle Polish), pu (Kuyavia, Near Masovian)
Silesian: ku

Old Slovak: k, ku

Pannonian Rusyn: ґу (gu)

Slovak: k, ku

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: k

Lower Sorbian: k

From Proto-Indo-European *kom or *ku, *kʷom. Compare Sogdian [script needed] (kw/ku, “to”), Sanskrit कम् (kám, postposition, after datives), Avestan 𐬐𐬄𐬨 (kąm, “for the sake of”). Also compare Old Latin quom (“with”), Latin cum, com-, con-, co-, cum-, Oscan com-, kúm, com-, co-, ku-, Old Irish co-, com- (“with”), Gaulish com-, co-. But usually they are derived from Proto-Indo-European *ḱom. Following Pokorny, Matasović compares Proto-Celtic *kʷo (“to”), whence Old Irish co and Welsh py, pwy (“to”), and reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *kʷo (“to”).


jazva

jàzva (canonical feminine)
jàzva (nominative singular)
jàzvě (dual nominative)
jàzvy (nominative plural)
jàzvy (genitive singular)
jàzvu (dual genitive)
jàzvъ (genitive plural)
jàzvě (dative singular)
jàzvama (dative dual)
jàzvamъ (dative plural)
jàzvǫ (accusative singular)
jàzvě (accusative dual)
jàzvy (accusative plural)
jàzvojǫ (instrumental singular)
jàzvǭ (instrumental singular)
jàzvama (dual instrumental)
jàzvamī (instrumental plural)
jàzvě (locative singular)
jàzvu (dual locative)
jàzvasъ (locative plural)
jàzvaxъ (locative plural)
jàzvo (singular vocative)
jàzvě (dual vocative)
jàzvy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ꙗзва (jazva)

Belarusian: я́зва (jázva)

Russian: я́зва (jázva)

Ukrainian: я́зва́ (jázvá)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: ꙗзва (jazva)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: я́зва (jázva)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jiezva

Czech: jizva

Polish: jaźwa (dialectal)

Slovak: jazva

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *áiˀźwāˀ. Cognate with Latvian aĩza, Lithuanian áižа and Old Prussian eyswo.


o(b)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: о (o), ѡ (o)
Old Ruthenian: о (o)
Carpathian Rusyn: о (o)
Ukrainian: о (o)
Russian: о (o)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: о (o)

Bulgarian: о (o)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: о

Latin script: o

Slovene: ȍ (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: o, ob

Old Polish: o
Polish: o
Silesian: ô

Slovak: o, ob

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: ò, ó

Slovincian: wô

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: wó

Upper Sorbian: wó

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: объ (obŭ), об (ob), ѡб (ob)
Old Ruthenian: объ (ob)
Belarusian: аб (ab)
Carpathian Rusyn: об (ob)
Ukrainian: об (ob)
Russian: об (ob)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: объ (obŭ), об (ob)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: об (regional)

Latin script: ob (regional)

Slovene: ȍb (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: ob

Kashubian: òb, òbe

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: wob

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ab, from a Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi, with no clear direct cognates, but which may have a relation to the following terms:
* *h₂m̥bʰi (“around”) (whence Latin ambi-, Ancient Greek ἀμφί (amphí)), which may share the suffix *-bʰi. (compare *oba and Latin ambō, which share the suffix *-bʰóh₁)
* *h₁epi/*h₁opi: Lithuanian ap(y)-, apýilgis, aprangà, Latin ob-, oblongus (: *odьlgъ, *orǫga), which would yield **op- which then might have been conflated with *ob- due to phonetic similiarity.


kortъkъ

kortъ̀kъ (canonical)
kortъkъ (masculine nominative singular)
kortъka (feminine nominative singular)
kortъko (neuter nominative singular)
kortъka (genitive masculine singular)
kortъky (feminine genitive singular)
kortъka (genitive neuter singular)
kortъku (dative masculine singular)
kortъcě (dative feminine singular)
kortъku (dative neuter singular)
kortъkъ (accusative masculine singular)
kortъkǫ (accusative feminine singular)
kortъko (accusative neuter singular)
kortъkomь (instrumental masculine singular)
kortъkojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
kortъkomь (instrumental neuter singular)
kortъcě (locative masculine singular)
kortъcě (feminine locative singular)
kortъcě (locative neuter singular)
kortъče (masculine singular vocative)
kortъko (feminine singular vocative)
kortъko (neuter singular vocative)
kortъka (dual masculine nominative)
kortъcě (dual feminine nominative)
kortъcě (dual neuter nominative)
kortъku (dual genitive masculine)
kortъku (dual feminine genitive)
kortъku (dual genitive neuter)
kortъkoma (dative dual masculine)
kortъkama (dative dual feminine)
kortъkoma (dative dual neuter)
kortъka (accusative dual masculine)
kortъcě (accusative dual feminine)
kortъcě (accusative dual neuter)
kortъkoma (dual instrumental masculine)
kortъkama (dual feminine instrumental)
kortъkoma (dual instrumental neuter)
kortъku (dual locative masculine)
kortъku (dual feminine locative)
kortъku (dual locative neuter)
kortъka (dual masculine vocative)
kortъcě (dual feminine vocative)
kortъcě (dual neuter vocative)
kortъci (masculine nominative plural)
kortъky (feminine nominative plural)
kortъka (neuter nominative plural)
kortъkъ (genitive masculine plural)
kortъkъ (feminine genitive plural)
kortъkъ (genitive neuter plural)
kortъkomъ (dative masculine plural)
kortъkamъ (dative feminine plural)
kortъkomъ (dative neuter plural)
kortъky (accusative masculine plural)
kortъky (accusative feminine plural)
kortъka (accusative neuter plural)
kortъky (instrumental masculine plural)
kortъkami (feminine instrumental plural)
kortъky (instrumental neuter plural)
kortъcěxъ (locative masculine plural)
kortъkaxъ (feminine locative plural)
kortъcěxъ (locative neuter plural)
kortъci (masculine plural vocative)
kortъky (feminine plural vocative)
kortъka (neuter plural vocative)
kortъkъjь (masculine nominative singular)
kortъkaja (feminine nominative singular)
kortъkoje (neuter nominative singular)
kortъkajego (genitive masculine singular)
kortъkyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
kortъkajego (genitive neuter singular)
kortъkujemu (dative masculine singular)
kortъcěji (dative feminine singular)
kortъkujemu (dative neuter singular)
kortъkъjь (accusative masculine singular)
kortъkǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
kortъkoje (accusative neuter singular)
kortъkyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
kortъkǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
kortъkyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
kortъcějemь (locative masculine singular)
kortъcěji (feminine locative singular)
kortъcějemь (locative neuter singular)
kortъkъjь (masculine singular vocative)
kortъkaja (feminine singular vocative)
kortъkoje (neuter singular vocative)
kortъkaja (dual masculine nominative)
kortъcěji (dual feminine nominative)
kortъcěji (dual neuter nominative)
kortъkuju (dual genitive masculine)
kortъkuju (dual feminine genitive)
kortъkuju (dual genitive neuter)
kortъkyjima (dative dual masculine)
kortъkyjima (dative dual feminine)
kortъkyjima (dative dual neuter)
kortъkaja (accusative dual masculine)
kortъcěji (accusative dual feminine)
kortъcěji (accusative dual neuter)
kortъkyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
kortъkyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
kortъkyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
kortъkuju (dual locative masculine)
kortъkuju (dual feminine locative)
kortъkuju (dual locative neuter)
kortъkaja (dual masculine vocative)
kortъcěji (dual feminine vocative)
kortъcěji (dual neuter vocative)
kortъciji (masculine nominative plural)
kortъkyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
kortъkaja (neuter nominative plural)
kortъkъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
kortъkъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
kortъkъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
kortъkyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
kortъkyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
kortъkyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
kortъkyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
kortъkyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
kortъkaja (accusative neuter plural)
kortъkyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
kortъkyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
kortъkyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
kortъkyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
kortъkyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
kortъkyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
kortъciji (masculine plural vocative)
kortъkyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
kortъkaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: коротъкъ (korotŭkŭ)

Old Ruthenian: коро́ткїй (korótkij)

Belarusian: каро́ткі (karótki)

Carpathian Rusyn: короткый (korotkŷj)

Ukrainian: коро́ткий (korótkyj)

Russian: коро́ткий (korótkij)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: кратъкъ (kratŭkŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰽⱃⰰⱅⱏⰽⱏ (kratŭkŭ)

Bulgarian: кра́тък (krátǎk)

Macedonian: кра́ток (krátok)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кра̀так

Latin script: kràtak

Slovene: krátək (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: krátký
Czech: krátký

Old Polish: krótki
Polish: krótki
Silesian: krōtki

Old Slovak: krátky
Pannonian Rusyn: кратки (kratki)
Slovak: krátky

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: krótczi

Slovincian: krótkjy

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: krotki

Upper Sorbian: krótki

From *kõrtъ (“instance, occurence”) + *-ъkъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kártas, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kerd-, *(s)kert- (“short”) + *-kъ. Related to Latin curtus, Proto-Germanic *skurtaz and English curt.


zǫbъ

zǫ̑bъ (canonical masculine)
zǫ̑bъ (nominative singular)
zǫ̑ba (dual nominative)
zǫ̑bi (nominative plural)
zǫ̑ba (genitive singular)
zǫbù (dual genitive)
zǫ̃bъ (genitive plural)
zǫ̑bu (dative singular)
zǫbomà (dative dual)
zǫbòmъ (dative plural)
zǫ̑bъ (accusative singular)
zǫ̑ba (accusative dual)
zǫ̑by (accusative plural)
zǫ̑bъmь (instrumental singular)
zǫ̑bomь (instrumental singular)
zǫbomà (dual instrumental)
zǫbý (instrumental plural)
zǫ̑bě (locative singular)
zǫbù (dual locative)
zǫbě̃xъ (locative plural)
zǫbe (singular vocative)
zǫ̑ba (dual vocative)
zǫ̑bi (plural vocative)
*zǫ̑bь (alternative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: зѫбъ (zǫbŭ), зубъ (zubŭ)

Old Ruthenian: зубъ (zub)

Belarusian: зуб (zub)

Carpathian Rusyn: зуб (zub)

Ukrainian: зуб (zub)

Russian: зуб (zub)

Old Novgorodian: ꙁѫбе (zǫbe), ꙁоубе (zube) — Late form

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic зѫбъ (zǫbŭ)

Glagolitic: ⰸⱘⰱⱏ (zǫbŭ)

Bulgarian: зъб (zǎb), зъмп (zǎmp) (dialectal)

Macedonian: заб (zab)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: зу̑б

Latin script: zȗb

Slovene: zọ̑b (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: zub

Czech: zub

Old Polish: ząb

Polish: ząb

Silesian: zōmb

Kashubian: ząb

Old Slovak: zub

Pannonian Rusyn: зуб (zub)

Slovak: zub

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: zub

Lower Sorbian: zub

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *źámbas, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵómbʰos, with the mobile accent due to Illič-Svityč's law.


dvьrь

dvь̀rь (canonical feminine)
dvь̀rь (nominative singular)
dvьrì (dual nominative)
dvьrì (nominative plural)
dvь̀ri (genitive singular)
dvь̀rьju (dual genitive)
dvьřu (dual genitive)
dvьrь̀jь (genitive plural)
dvь̀ri (genitive plural)
dvьrì (dative singular)
dvь̀rьma (dative dual)
dvьrь̀mъ (dative plural)
dvь̀rь (accusative singular)
dvьrì (accusative dual)
dvьrì (accusative plural)
dvь̀rьjǫ (instrumental singular)
dvь̀řǫ (instrumental singular)
dvь̀rьma (dual instrumental)
dvь̀rьmī (instrumental plural)
dvь̀ri (locative singular)
dvь̀rьju (dual locative)
dvьřu (dual locative)
dvьrь̀xъ (locative plural)
dvьri (singular vocative)
dvьrì (dual vocative)
dvьrì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: двь́рь (dvĭ́rĭ)

Old Ruthenian: дверь (dverʹ), две́ри pl (dvéri)

Belarusian: дзве́ры pl (dzvjéry)

Ukrainian: две́рі pl (dvéri)

Russian: дверь (dverʹ), две́ри pl (dvéri)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: двьри pl (dvĭri), двьрь (dvĭrĭ)

Glagolitic: ⰴⰲⱐⱃⰻ pl (dvĭri), ⰴⰲⱐⱃⱐ (dvĭrĭ)

Bulgarian: две́ри pl (dvéri)

Serbo-Croatian: (obsolete)

Cyrillic script: двар

Latin script: dvar

Macedonian: двер (dver) (archaic)

Slovene: dūri (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

desctree

Old Czech: dřvi pl, dveři, dvéři, dveřě, dvéřě (later)
Czech: dveře

Old Polish: drzwi pl, dźwirze, dźwi, dźwirz
Polish: drzwi, dźwierze (obsolete or dialectal, Northern Greater Poland, Eastern Greater Poland), dźwi (Kuyavia), dźwirze (Żywiec, Przemyśl), drwi (Far Masovian, Łomża Voivodeship), drzwie (Western Lublin, Babin)
Silesian: drzwi

Old Slovak: dvere f pl, dverá f

Pannonian Rusyn: дзвери pl (dzveri)

Slovak: dvere pl

Polabian: dvar

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: dwiérze, dwérze

Slovincian: dwjêrze

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: źurja pl

Upper Sorbian: durje pl

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dwírs, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwer-.


kъde

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: къде (kŭde), къдѣ (kŭdě), кде (kde), гдѣ (gdě)

desc

Old Ruthenian: где (hde), кде (kde), кгде (gde)

Belarusian: дзе (dzje)

Carpathian Rusyn: де (de)

Ukrainian: де (de), dial. где (hde)

Russian: где (gde), dial. каде (kade), де (de)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: къде (kŭde)

Glagolitic script: ⰽⱏⰴⰵ (kŭde)

Bulgarian: къде́ (kǎdé), де (de), къдя́ (kǎdjá) (dialectal)

Macedonian: каде (kade)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: где̏, гдје̏

Latin script: gdȅ, gdjȅ

Slovene: kjẹ́, kjẹ̑ (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kde
Czech: kde

desctree

Old Polish: gdzie, dzie, kdzie
Polish: gdzie, dzie (Przemyśl, Podegrodzie, Western Lublin, Ciecierzyn)
Silesian: gdzie, dzie (Opole)

Old Slovak: de, dze, gde, kde

Pannonian Rusyn: дзе (dze)

Slovak: kde

Polabian: ťėd

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: dze, gdze

Slovincian: dzê

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: hdźe

Lower Sorbian: źe, źo

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *kú
Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-?
Proto-Indo-European *-dʰe
Proto-Indo-European *kúdʰe
Proto-Balto-Slavic *kúde
Proto-Slavic *kъde
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kúde, from Proto-Indo-European *kú-dʰe (“where”), from *kú (“where”).
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian kur̃ (“where”).
Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit कुह (kúha, “where”), कुत्र (kútra, “where”), Latin ubi (“where”), Avestan 𐬐𐬎𐬛𐬁 (kudā, “where”), 𐬐𐬏 (kū, “where”), Cretan Greek ὀπυι (opui, “whither”), Albanian ku (“where”).

etymon

Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme


sьde

East Slavic:

Russian: здесь (zdesʹ)

Ukrainian: осьде (osʹde)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: сьде (sĭde)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: sde

Czech: zde

From *sь (“this”) + Proto-Indo-European *-dʰe (“locative suffix”), formed off the model of *kъde (“where”).


ovъde

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: овъде (ovŭde)

Macedonian: овде (ovde)

⇒ Macedonian: овдека (ovdeka)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: о́вде, о́вдје

Latin script: óvde, óvdje

West Slavic:

Polish: ówdzie


onъde

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: онъде (onŭde)

Middle Belarusian: вонде (vonde)

Ukrainian: о́нде (ónde)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: онъде (onŭde)

Macedonian: онде (onde)

⇒ Macedonian: ондека (ondeka)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: о́нде, о́ндје

Latin: ónde, óndje

West Slavic:

Old Czech: onde


jьde

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: иде (ide)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *iˀde, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁idʰe. Cognate with Sanskrit इह (iha).


jьnъde

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: инде (inde), инъде (inŭde)

Russian: инде (inde)

Ukrainian: інде (inde)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: инъде (inŭde)

Serbo-Croatian: indje

Bulgarian: енди (endi)?

Macedonian: енди (endi)?

West Slavic:

Czech: jinde

Polish: indziej (used in combination with other words, e.g.: gdzie indziej (somewhere else), kiedy indziej (at different time))

Old Slovak: ajinde, inde, indej

Pannonian Rusyn: индзей (indzej)

Slovak: inde


vьxъde

East Slavic: via *vьsьde (3rd palatalization)

Old East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: везде (vezde), везьде (vezʹde)

Russian: везде́ (vezdé), всегде́ (vsegdé)

South Slavic: via *vьsьde (3rd palatalization)

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: вьсьде (vĭsĭde)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: вся́къде (vsjákǎde)

Macedonian: се́каде (sékade)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сва̏где, сва̏гдје

Latin: svȁgde, svȁgdje

Slovene: vsigde

West Slavic: via *vьšьde (3rd palatalization)

Old Czech: vešde, vežde

Polabian: visdė

Slovak: všade

ru:Аникин, Александр Евгеньевич


nikъde

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: нигде́ (nihdé), никгде́ (nigdé)

Belarusian: нідзе́ (nidzjé)

Ukrainian: ніде́ (nidé)

Russian: нигде́ (nigdé)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: никъдє (nikŭde)

Bulgarian: ни́къде (níkǎde)

Macedonian: никаде (nikade)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ни̏где, ни̏гдје

Latin: nȉgde, nȉgdje

Slovene: nikjer

West Slavic:

Czech: nikde

Polish: nigdzie

Pannonian Rusyn: нїґдзе (njigdze)

Slovak: nikde


jьnako

East Slavic:

Belarusian: іна́кш (inákš), іна́чай (ináčaj)

Russian: ина́че (ináče), и́наче (ínače)

Ukrainian: іна́к (inák), іна́кше (inákše), іна́че (ináče)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: инако (inako)

Bulgarian: ѝнак (ìnak), и́наче (ínače)

Macedonian: и́наку (ínaku)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: и̏на̄че

Latin script: ȉnāče

West Slavic:

Czech: jinak

Kashubian: jinak, jinaczi

Polish: inak (archaic), inaczej

Slovak: inak, ináč, inakšie


ložiti

ložìti (canonical imperfective)
b (accent-paradigm)
loženьje (noun-from-verb)
ložiti (infinitive)
ložitъ (supine)
ložilъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
loženъ (participle passive past)
ložimъ (participle passive present)
ložь (active participle past)
ložę (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
ložixъ (aorist first-person singular)
loži (aorist second-person singular)
loži (aorist singular third-person)
ložǫ (first-person present singular)
ložiši (present second-person singular)
ložitь (present singular third-person)
ložixově (aorist dual first-person)
ložista (aorist dual second-person)
ložiste (aorist dual third-person)
loživě (dual first-person present)
ložita (dual present second-person)
ložite (dual present third-person)
ložixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
ložiste (aorist plural second-person)
ložišę (aorist plural third-person)
ložimъ (first-person plural present)
ložite (plural present second-person)
ložętь (plural present third-person)
ložaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
ložaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
ložaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
loži (imperative second-person singular)
loži (imperative singular third-person)
ložaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
ložaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
ložaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
loživě (dual first-person imperative)
ložita (dual imperative second-person)
ložaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
ložaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
ložaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
ložimъ (first-person imperative plural)
ložite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ложити (ložiti)

Belarusian: лажы́ць (lažýcʹ)

Russian: ложи́ть (ložítʹ), ложи́ться (ložítʹsja), положи́ть (položítʹ)

Ukrainian: ложи́ти (ložýty) (dated)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: ложити (ložiti)

Glagolitic script: ⰾⱁⰶⰻⱅⰻ (ložiti)

Bulgarian: ло́жа (lóža) (dialectal)

Macedonian: ложи (loži)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ло̀жити

Latin script: lòžiti

Slovene: ložīti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: ložit (rare)

Old Polish: łożyć

Polish: łożyć

Slovak: ložiť

Slovincian: lôżëc

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: łožić

Lower Sorbian: łožyś

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lágīˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *logʰ-éye-ti, causative of *legʰ- (“to lie”). Cognate with Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (lagjan, “to lay”), English lay.


kotъ

kòtъ (canonical masculine)
kòtъ (nominative singular)
kotà (dual nominative)
kotì (nominative plural)
kotà (genitive singular)
kotù (dual genitive)
kòtъ (genitive plural)
kotù (dative singular)
kotòma (dative dual)
kotòmъ (dative plural)
kòtъ (accusative singular)
kotà (accusative dual)
kotỳ (accusative plural)
kotъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
kotòmь (instrumental singular)
kotòma (dual instrumental)
kòty (instrumental plural)
kotě̀ (locative singular)
kotù (dual locative)
kòtěxъ (locative plural)
kote (singular vocative)
kotà (dual vocative)
kotì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: котъ (kotŭ)
Old Ruthenian: котъ (kot)
Belarusian: кот (kot)
Carpathian Rusyn: кот (kot), кут (kut) (regional, dialectal)
Ukrainian: кіт (kit)
Russian: кот m (kot, “cat”)
⇒ Russian: ко́тко (kótko, “kitten”) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

desc

Bulgarian: кот (kot) (archaic, dialectal)

⇒ Bulgarian: кота́к (koták); кута́к (kuták) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian: kot (archaic, rare)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kot

Czech: kot (dialectal)

Old Polish: kot

Polish: kot (“cat; hare”)

⇒ Polish: kotek (“kitty, little male cat”)

Old Slovak: *kot

Pannonian Rusyn: кот (kot)

Slovak: kot (Eastern Slovak, dialectal)

⇒ Slovak: kotena f (“female cat”)

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: kòt

Slovincian: kôt

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: kót

Upper Sorbian: kót

Probably from Latin cattus or Proto-Germanic *kattuz (see those entries and cat for further etymology).


pьsъ

pь̀sъ (canonical masculine)
pь̀sъ (nominative singular)
pьsà (dual nominative)
pьsì (nominative plural)
pьsà (genitive singular)
pьsù (dual genitive)
pь̀sъ (genitive plural)
pьsù (dative singular)
pьsòma (dative dual)
pьsòmъ (dative plural)
pь̀sъ (accusative singular)
pьsà (accusative dual)
pьsỳ (accusative plural)
pьsъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
pьsòmь (instrumental singular)
pьsòma (dual instrumental)
pь̀sy (instrumental plural)
pьsě̀ (locative singular)
pьsù (dual locative)
pь̀sěxъ (locative plural)
pьse (singular vocative)
pьsà (dual vocative)
pьsì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: пьсъ (pĭsŭ), песъ (pesŭ)

Belarusian: пёс (pjos)

Russian: пёс (pjos)

Carpathian Rusyn: пес (pes)

Ukrainian: пес (pes)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: пьсъ (pĭsŭ)

Glagolitic: ⱂⱐⱄⱏ (pĭsŭ)

Bulgarian: пес (pes)

Macedonian: пес (pes)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: па̏с

Latin script: pȁs

Slovene: pə̏s (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: pes
Czech: pes

desctree

Old Polish: pies
Polish: pies
Silesian: pies

Old Slovak: pes

Pannonian Rusyn: пес (pes)

Slovak: pes

Polabian: ṕås

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: pies

Slovincian: pjês

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: pjas

Upper Sorbian: pos

Unknown. There are several proposals:
* Connection of the stem *pьs- with the root of *pьstrъ (“variegated”), and thus ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *piḱ- (whence also Sanskrit पिशङ्ग (piśáṅga, “reddish, tawny”), पिश (piśá, “a sort of deer”)), the zero-grade of *peyḱ- (“to paint, mark”) (whence *pьsati (“to write”)). Thus the semantic shift occurred "spotted" > "dog" (perhaps compare Spot (“stereotypical English canine pet's name”)).
* Proto-Indo-European *pḱ-o-, the zero-grade of the root *speḱ- (“to see, watch”) (by Meillet).
* Proto-Indo-European *pḱ-u-, the zero-grade of *péḱu (“livestock”); compare Sanskrit पशु (páśu, “cattle”).


zvěrь

zvě̑rь (canonical masculine)
zvě̑rь (nominative singular)
zvě̑ri (dual nominative)
zvě̑rьjē (nominative plural)
zvěrí (genitive singular)
zvěrьjù (dual genitive)
zvěrь̀jь (genitive plural)
zvě̑ri (dative singular)
zvěrьmà (dative dual)
zvě̑rьmъ (dative plural)
zvě̑rь (accusative singular)
zvě̑ri (accusative dual)
zvě̑ri (accusative plural)
zvě̑rьmь (instrumental singular)
zvěrьmà (dual instrumental)
zvěrьmì (instrumental plural)
zvěrí (locative singular)
zvěrьjù (dual locative)
zvě̑rьxъ (locative plural)
zvěri (singular vocative)
zvě̑ri (dual vocative)
zvě̑rьjē (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: звѣрь (zvěrĭ)
Old Ruthenian: звѣръ (zvěr), звиръ (zvir)
Belarusian: звер (zvjer); зьвер (zʹvjer) (Taraškievica orthography)
Carpathian Rusyn: звірь (zvirʹ)
Ukrainian: звір (zvir)
Russian: зверь (zverʹ), звѣрь (zvěrʹ) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Ingrian: zveeri
→ Komi-Zyrian: зверь (zver)

Old Novgorodian: ꙁвѣрь (zvěrĭ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: звѣрь (zvěrĭ)

Glagolitic: ⰸⰲⱑⱃⱐ (zvěrĭ)

Bulgarian: звяр (zvjar)

Macedonian: ѕвер (dzver)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: зве̑р, звије̑р

Latin: zvȇr, zvijȇr

Slovene: zvẹ̑r (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: zvěř

Czech: zvěř

Polish: zwierz

Old Slovak: zver

Slovak: zver

Pannonian Rusyn: жвир (žvir)

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: zwiérz

Slovincian: zwjérz

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: zwěrje (from zvěrę)

Upper Sorbian: zwěrjo (from zvěrę)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰwer-der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *źwēˀrís
Proto-Slavic *zvěrь
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *źwēˀrís, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰwer-is (“wild animal”), from *ǵʰwer- (“wild”).


lisъ

lìsъ (canonical masculine)
lìsъ (nominative singular)
lìsa (dual nominative)
lìsi (nominative plural)
lìsa (genitive singular)
lìsu (dual genitive)
lìsъ (genitive plural)
lìsu (dative singular)
lìsoma (dative dual)
lìsomъ (dative plural)
lìsъ (accusative singular)
lìsa (accusative dual)
lìsy (accusative plural)
lìsъmь (instrumental singular)
lìsomь (instrumental singular)
lìsoma (dual instrumental)
lìsȳ (instrumental plural)
lìsě (locative singular)
lìsu (dual locative)
lìsě̄xъ (locative plural)
lìse (singular vocative)
lìsa (dual vocative)
lìsi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: лисъ (lisŭ)
Old Ruthenian: лисъ (lis), лишъ (liš)
Belarusian: ліс (lis)
Carpathian Rusyn: лис (lys)
Ukrainian: лис (lys)
Russian: лис (lis)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: лисъ (lisŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰾⰺⱄⱏ (lisŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ли̑с (dialectal)

Latin script: lȋs (dialectal)

Slovene: lìs

West Slavic:

Kashubian: lës

Old Czech: lis

Czech: lis

Old Polish: lis

Polish: lis; ľis (dialectal)

Slovak: lis

Slovincian: lës

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: lis

From *lisa + *-ъ. For details see *lisa.


lisъ

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *лисъ (*lisŭ)

Russian: ли́сый (lísyj) (dialectal)

West Slavic:

Polish: liszy (dialectal)

Alternative reconstruction of *lisьjь (“(relational) fox”)


osьlъ

osь̀lъ (canonical masculine)
osь̀lъ (nominative singular)
osьlà (dual nominative)
osьlì (nominative plural)
osьlà (genitive singular)
osьlù (dual genitive)
osь̀lъ (genitive plural)
osьlù (dative singular)
osьlòma (dative dual)
osьlòmъ (dative plural)
osь̀lъ (accusative singular)
osьlà (accusative dual)
osьlỳ (accusative plural)
osьlъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
osьlòmь (instrumental singular)
osьlòma (dual instrumental)
osь̀ly (instrumental plural)
osьlě̀ (locative singular)
osьlù (dual locative)
osь̀lěxъ (locative plural)
osьle (singular vocative)
osьlà (dual vocative)
osьlì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: осьлъ (osĭlŭ)

Belarusian: асёл (asjól)

Russian: осёл (osjól), осёлъ (osjól) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Eastern Mari: осёл (osjol)
→ Ingrian: osla
→ Kildin Sami: о̄ссел (ōssjel)
→ Udmurt: осёл (ośol)
→ Yakut: осёл (osol)

Carpathian Rusyn: осел (osel)

Ukrainian: осе́л (osél)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: осьлъ (osĭlŭ)

Bulgarian: осел (osel)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: о̏сао

Latin script: ȍsao

Slovene: ósəł

West Slavic:

Czech: osel

Kashubian: òseł, osoł

Polish: osioł, osieł

Slovak: osol

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: wósoł

Upper Sorbian: wosoł

Borrowed from Gothic 𐌰𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌿𐍃 (asilus), itself borrowed from Latin asellus, asinus.


ovьca

ovьcà (canonical feminine)
ovьcà (nominative singular)
ovь̀ci (dual nominative)
ovьcę̇̀ (nominative plural)
ovьcę̇̀ (genitive singular)
ovьcù (dual genitive)
ovь̀cь (genitive plural)
ovьcì (dative singular)
ovьcàma (dative dual)
ovьcàmъ (dative plural)
ovьcǫ̀ (accusative singular)
ovь̀ci (accusative dual)
ovьcę̇̀ (accusative plural)
ovьcèjǫ (instrumental singular)
ovь̀cǫ (instrumental singular)
ovьcàma (dual instrumental)
ovьcàmī (instrumental plural)
ovьcì (locative singular)
ovьcù (dual locative)
ovьcàsъ (locative plural)
ovьcàxъ (locative plural)
ovьce (singular vocative)
ovь̀ci (dual vocative)
ovьcę̇̀ (plural vocative)
ovьcà (nominative singular)
ȍvьci (dual nominative)
ȍvьcę̇ (nominative plural)
ovьcę̇́ (genitive singular)
ovьcù (dual genitive)
ovь̀cь (genitive plural)
ovьcì (dative singular)
ovьcàma (dative dual)
ovьcàmъ (dative plural)
ȍvьcǫ (accusative singular)
ȍvьci (accusative dual)
ȍvьcę̇ (accusative plural)
ovьcejǫ́ (instrumental singular)
ovьcàma (dual instrumental)
ovьcàmi (instrumental plural)
ȍvьcī (locative singular)
ovьcù (dual locative)
ovьcàsъ (locative plural)
ovьcàxъ (locative plural)
ovьce (singular vocative)
ȍvьci (dual vocative)
ȍvьcę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: овьца (ovĭca)

Belarusian: аўца́ (aŭcá) (rare), аве́чка (avjéčka) (< diminutive *ovьčьka)

Russian: овца́ (ovcá)

Ukrainian: вівця́ (vivcjá)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: овьца (ovĭca)

Glagolitic: ⱁⰲⱐⱌⰰ (ovĭca)

Bulgarian: овца́ (ovcá)

Macedonian: о́вца (óvca)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: о́вца

Latin script: óvca

Slovene: óvca (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: ovcě

Czech: ovce

Polabian: vićă

Kashubian: òwca

Polish: owca

Silesian: ôwca

Slovak: ovca

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: wójca

Upper Sorbian: wowca

From *ovь + *-ьca, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *áwis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ówis. Exact cognate of Sanskrit अविक (avika), suggesting Proto-Indo-European *h₂ów-i-keh₂.

Rick Derksen
ru:Журавлёв, Анатолий Фёдорович


medvědь

medvě̀dь (canonical masculine)
medvě̀dь (nominative singular)
medvě̀da (dual nominative)
medvě̀di (nominative plural)
medvě̀da (genitive singular)
medvě̀du (dual genitive)
medvě̀dь (genitive plural)
medvě̀du (dative singular)
medvě̀dema (dative dual)
medvě̀dēmъ (dative plural)
medvě̀dь (accusative singular)
medvě̀da (accusative dual)
medvě̀dę̇ (accusative plural)
medvě̀dьmь (instrumental singular)
medvě̀demь (instrumental singular)
medvě̀dema (dual instrumental)
medvě̀dī (instrumental plural)
medvě̀di (locative singular)
medvě̀du (dual locative)
medvě̀dīxъ (locative plural)
medvě̀du (singular vocative)
medvě̀da (dual vocative)
medvě̀di (plural vocative)
medvě̀dь (nominative singular)
medvě̀di (dual nominative)
medvě̀dьjē (nominative plural)
medvě̀dī (genitive singular)
medvě̀dьju (dual genitive)
medvě̀dьjь (genitive plural)
medvě̀di (dative singular)
medvě̀dьma (dative dual)
medvě̀dьmъ (dative plural)
medvě̀dь (accusative singular)
medvě̀di (accusative dual)
medvě̀di (accusative plural)
medvě̀dьmь (instrumental singular)
medvě̀dьma (dual instrumental)
medvě̀dьmī (instrumental plural)
medvě̀dī (locative singular)
medvě̀dьju (dual locative)
medvě̀dьxъ (locative plural)
medvědi (singular vocative)
medvě̀di (dual vocative)
medvě̀dьjē (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: медвѣдь (medvědĭ)
Old Ruthenian: медвѣ́дь (medvě́dʹ)
Belarusian: мядзве́дзь (mjadzvjédzʹ)
Carpathian Rusyn: медві́дь (medvídʹ)
Ukrainian: ведмі́дь (vedmídʹ)
Russian: медве́дь (medvédʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: медвѣдь (medvědĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰿⰵⰴⰲⱑⰴⱐ (medvědĭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: мѐдвед, мѐдвјед; медви̂д (dialectal)

Latin script: mèdved, mèdvjed; medvîd (dialectal)

Slovene: médved

West Slavic:

Old Czech: medvěd, nedvěd

Czech: medvěd

Bohemian (Chod dialect): nedvěd

Old Polish: niedźwiedź, miedźwiedź
Polish: niedźwiedź
Silesian: niedźwiydź
→ Old Ruthenian: недвѣдзь (nedvědzʹ)

Old Slovak: medveď

Pannonian Rusyn: медведз (medvedz)

Slovak: medveď

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: miedwiédz, miedzwiédz

Slovincian: njêdzwjédz

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: mjadwjeź

desc

Upper Sorbian: mjedwjedź, (obsolete) mjedźwjedź

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: medve

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *medwḗˀdis (originally probably a consonant stem *medwēˀd-, later reformed into an i-stem based on the accusative in *-in, as typical in Balto-Slavic), equivalent to *medъ (“honey”) + *(j)ěsti (“to eat”), hence literally the epithet "honey-eater". Cognate with Sanskrit मध्वद् (madhv-ád-, “eating sweetness”) (RV I 164,22). Presumably came into use as taboo avoidance of an earlier word, possibly something like *rьstъ (compare Lithuanian irštvà (“bear's den”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos). Similar proposed examples of linguistic taboo for 'bear' are Proto-Germanic *berô (“the brown one/beast”), Latvian lācis (“stomper, pounder”), Sanskrit भल्ल (bhalla) and Old Irish math (“the good one”).
There is a false etymology from *medъ and *věděti (“to know, to manage”), hence "one who knows honey" or "honey master".


agnę

àgnę (canonical neuter)
àgnę (nominative singular)
àgnęti (dual nominative)
àgnętā (nominative plural)
àgnęte (genitive singular)
àgnętu (dual genitive)
àgnętъ (genitive plural)
àgnęti (dative singular)
àgnętьma (dative dual)
àgnętьmъ (dative plural)
àgnę (accusative singular)
àgnęti (accusative dual)
àgnętā (accusative plural)
àgnętьmь (instrumental singular)
àgnętьma (dual instrumental)
àgnętȳ (instrumental plural)
àgnęte (locative singular)
àgnętu (dual locative)
àgnętьxъ (locative plural)
àgnę (singular vocative)
àgnęti (dual vocative)
àgnętā (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: ꙗгнѧ (jagnę)
Old Ruthenian: ꙗгнѧ (jahnja), ꙗгнє (jahnje), єгнє (jehnje)
Belarusian: ягня́ (jahnjá), ягнё (jahnjó)
Carpathian Rusyn: ягня́ (jahnjá)
Ukrainian: ягня́ (jahnjá)
⇒ Russian: ягня́та pl (jagnjáta)
⇒ Russian: ягнёнок (jagnjónok)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⰰⰳⱀⱔ (agnę)

Old Cyrillic script: агнѧ (agnę), ⰰⰳⱀⱔ (agnę) — Glagolitic
Bulgarian: а́гне (ágne)
Macedonian: ја́гне (jágne)
→ Old East Slavic: агнѧ (agnę)
Old Ruthenian: агнѧ (ahnja)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ја̏гње, ја̏ње

Latin script: jȁgnje, jȁnje

Slovene: jágnje (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jěhně
Czech: jehně

Old Polish: jagnię, jegnię

Polish: jagnię

desc

Silesian: jagniã, jagńa (Steuer's Silesian Alphabet)

Polabian: jogną

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: jagniã

Slovak: jahňa

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: jehnjo

Lower Sorbian: jagnje