kotьlьnica

kotь̀lьnica (canonical feminine)
kotьlьnica (nominative singular)
kotьlьnici (dual nominative)
kotьlьnicę̇ (nominative plural)
kotьlьnicę̇ (genitive singular)
kotьlьnicu (dual genitive)
kotьlьnicь (genitive plural)
kotьlьnici (dative singular)
kotьlьnicama (dative dual)
kotьlьnicamъ (dative plural)
kotьlьnicǫ (accusative singular)
kotьlьnici (accusative dual)
kotьlьnicę̇ (accusative plural)
kotьlьnicejǫ (instrumental singular)
kotьlьnicǫ (instrumental singular)
kotьlьnicama (dual instrumental)
kotьlьnicami (instrumental plural)
kotьlьnici (locative singular)
kotьlьnicu (dual locative)
kotьlьnicasъ (locative plural)
kotьlьnicaxъ (locative plural)
kotьlьnice (singular vocative)
kotьlьnici (dual vocative)
kotьlьnicę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

>? Middle Russian: Коте́льница (Kotélʹnica) (toponym)

Russian: Коте́льница (Kotélʹnica)

>? Ukrainian: Коте́льниця (Kotélʹnycja) (toponym)

West Slavic:

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: kóśelnica

Polabian: ťütălnaićă


okunь

okunь (nominative singular)
okuni (dual nominative)
okunьje (nominative plural)
okuni (genitive singular)
okunьju (dual genitive)
okunьjь (genitive plural)
okuni (dative singular)
okunьma (dative dual)
okunьmъ (dative plural)
okunь (accusative singular)
okuni (accusative dual)
okuni (accusative plural)
okunьmь (instrumental singular)
okunьma (dual instrumental)
okunьmi (instrumental plural)
okuni (locative singular)
okunьju (dual locative)
okunьxъ (locative plural)
okuni (singular vocative)
okuni (dual vocative)
okunьje (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: окунь (okunĭ); Окунь (Okunĭ) (proper name)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: о́кунь (ókunʹ)
Belarusian: аку́нь (akúnʹ); во́кунь (vókunʹ), о́кунь (ókunʹ) (dialectal)
Ukrainian: о́кунь (ókunʹ); о́конь (ókonʹ) (dialectal)

Russian: о́кунь (ókunʹ) (see there for further descendants); во́кунь (vókunʹ) (dialectal); О́кунь (Ókunʹ) (surname)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: оку́н (okún)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: о̏ку̑н (regional); окон (rare)

Latin script: ȍkȗn (regional); okon (rare)

Slovene: okȗn; okȏn (dialectal)

⇒ Slovene: okun, okak, okuk (“ruffe”) (dialectal)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: okún

Czech: okoun, vokoun; ogoun (dialectal)

Kashubian: òkùnk

Old Polish: okoń, okuń

Polish: okuń, okóń, okoń

Old Slovak: okúň

Slovak: okúň

Slovincian: wôkón

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: hokuń (obsolete); wokuń

Most likely from *ȍko (“eye”) + *-unь, originally meaning “fish with big eyes”.
Compare with Komi-Zyrian öкыш (ökyš, “perch”), Komi-Permyak ёкыш (jokyš), ёкуш (jokuš), еки (jeki), іокыш (iokyš), which are possibly borrowed from East Slavic (compare the Russian diminutive form окушо́к (okušók)).

Perca fluviatilis
Perca fluviatilis#English


okunevъ

okunèvъ (canonical)
okunèvъ (masculine nominative singular)
okunèva (feminine nominative singular)
okunèvo (neuter nominative singular)
okunèva (genitive masculine singular)
okunèvy (feminine genitive singular)
okunèva (genitive neuter singular)
okunèvu (dative masculine singular)
okunèvě (dative feminine singular)
okunèvu (dative neuter singular)
okunèvъ (accusative masculine singular)
okunèvǫ (accusative feminine singular)
okunèvo (accusative neuter singular)
okunèvomь (instrumental masculine singular)
okunèvojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
okunèvomь (instrumental neuter singular)
okunèvě (locative masculine singular)
okunèvě (feminine locative singular)
okunèvě (locative neuter singular)
okunève (masculine singular vocative)
okunèvo (feminine singular vocative)
okunèvo (neuter singular vocative)
okunèva (dual masculine nominative)
okunèvě (dual feminine nominative)
okunèvě (dual neuter nominative)
okunèvu (dual genitive masculine)
okunèvu (dual feminine genitive)
okunèvu (dual genitive neuter)
okunèvoma (dative dual masculine)
okunèvama (dative dual feminine)
okunèvoma (dative dual neuter)
okunèva (accusative dual masculine)
okunèvě (accusative dual feminine)
okunèvě (accusative dual neuter)
okunèvoma (dual instrumental masculine)
okunèvama (dual feminine instrumental)
okunèvoma (dual instrumental neuter)
okunèvu (dual locative masculine)
okunèvu (dual feminine locative)
okunèvu (dual locative neuter)
okunèva (dual masculine vocative)
okunèvě (dual feminine vocative)
okunèvě (dual neuter vocative)
okunèvi (masculine nominative plural)
okunèvy (feminine nominative plural)
okunèva (neuter nominative plural)
okunèvъ (genitive masculine plural)
okunèvъ (feminine genitive plural)
okunèvъ (genitive neuter plural)
okunèvomъ (dative masculine plural)
okunèvamъ (dative feminine plural)
okunèvomъ (dative neuter plural)
okunèvy (accusative masculine plural)
okunèvy (accusative feminine plural)
okunèva (accusative neuter plural)
okunèvy (instrumental masculine plural)
okunèvami (feminine instrumental plural)
okunèvy (instrumental neuter plural)
okunèvěxъ (locative masculine plural)
okunèvaxъ (feminine locative plural)
okunèvěxъ (locative neuter plural)
okunèvi (masculine plural vocative)
okunèvy (feminine plural vocative)
okunèva (neuter plural vocative)
okunèvъjь (masculine nominative singular)
okunèvaja (feminine nominative singular)
okunèvoje (neuter nominative singular)
okunèvajego (genitive masculine singular)
okunèvyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
okunèvajego (genitive neuter singular)
okunèvujemu (dative masculine singular)
okunèvěji (dative feminine singular)
okunèvujemu (dative neuter singular)
okunèvъjь (accusative masculine singular)
okunèvǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
okunèvoje (accusative neuter singular)
okunèvyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
okunèvǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
okunèvyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
okunèvějemь (locative masculine singular)
okunèvěji (feminine locative singular)
okunèvějemь (locative neuter singular)
okunèvъjь (masculine singular vocative)
okunèvaja (feminine singular vocative)
okunèvoje (neuter singular vocative)
okunèvaja (dual masculine nominative)
okunèvěji (dual feminine nominative)
okunèvěji (dual neuter nominative)
okunèvuju (dual genitive masculine)
okunèvuju (dual feminine genitive)
okunèvuju (dual genitive neuter)
okunèvyjima (dative dual masculine)
okunèvyjima (dative dual feminine)
okunèvyjima (dative dual neuter)
okunèvaja (accusative dual masculine)
okunèvěji (accusative dual feminine)
okunèvěji (accusative dual neuter)
okunèvyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
okunèvyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
okunèvyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
okunèvuju (dual locative masculine)
okunèvuju (dual feminine locative)
okunèvuju (dual locative neuter)
okunèvaja (dual masculine vocative)
okunèvěji (dual feminine vocative)
okunèvěji (dual neuter vocative)
okunèviji (masculine nominative plural)
okunèvyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
okunèvaja (neuter nominative plural)
okunèvъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
okunèvъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
okunèvъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
okunèvyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
okunèvyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
okunèvyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
okunèvyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
okunèvyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
okunèvaja (accusative neuter plural)
okunèvyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
okunèvyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
okunèvyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
okunèvyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
okunèvyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
okunèvyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
okunèviji (masculine plural vocative)
okunèvyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
okunèvaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: окуневъ (okunevŭ, “perch-related; perch dish”)

Belarusian: акунёвы (akunjóvy)

Russian: окунёвый (okunjóvyj), о́куневый (ókunevyj); О́кунев (Ókunev) (surname)

Ukrainian: окуне́вий (okunévyj)

West Slavic:

Polish: okuniowy


sьkyľь

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic:

Middle Russian: сиколь (sikolʹ), сикуль (sikulʹ)

Russian: се́киль (sékilʹ), си́кель (síkelʹ); се́кель (sékelʹ), сикиль (sikilʹ), шикиль (šikilʹ) (dialectal)

Old Ruthenian:

Belarusian: се́кель (sjékjelʹ)

Ukrainian: си́кель (sýkelʹ), се́кель (sékelʹ), се́кіль (sékilʹ)

Old Novgorodian: сѣкꙑль (sěkylĭ)

By surface analysis, *sьk- + *-yľь. See *sьcati (“to piss”). Roots *sьk- : *sěk- : *sik-, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sik- : *saik- : *seik-, from Proto-Indo-European *sikʷ- : *soykʷ- : *seykʷ- (“to moisten”).


karasь

karasь (nominative singular)
karasi (dual nominative)
karasьje (nominative plural)
karasi (genitive singular)
karasьju (dual genitive)
karasьjь (genitive plural)
karasi (dative singular)
karasьma (dative dual)
karasьmъ (dative plural)
karasь (accusative singular)
karasi (accusative dual)
karasi (accusative plural)
karasьmь (instrumental singular)
karasьma (dual instrumental)
karasьmi (instrumental plural)
karasi (locative singular)
karasьju (dual locative)
karasьxъ (locative plural)
karasi (singular vocative)
karasi (dual vocative)
karasьje (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: карась (karasĭ), корась (korasĭ), карасъ (karasŭ)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: кара́сь (karásʹ), кара́съ (karás)
Belarusian: кара́сь (karásʹ) (dialectal)
Carpathian Rusyn: кара́с (karás)
Ukrainian: кара́сь (karásʹ); ка́рас (káras) (dialectal, obsolete)

Russian: кара́сь (karásʹ); кара́с (karás) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

desc

Bulgarian: кара́ш (karáš), кара́с (karás) (dialectal)

Macedonian: караш (karaš)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ка̀ра̄с, ка̀ра̄ш; Ка̏ра̄с (surname); Ка̀раси pl (toponym)

Latin script: kàrās, kàrāš; Kȁrās (surname); Kàrasi pl (toponym)

Slovene: karās

West Slavic:

Czech: karas

Kashubian: karus

Polish: karaś

⇒ Polish: karasek, karωsek (dialectal)

Slovak: karas

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: karas

Upper Sorbian: karas, kharas

Non-Slavic:

→ Romanian: caras

→ Hungarian: kárász

Akin to Lithuanian karõsas, Old High German karaz (whence Modern German Karausche, dialectal Lithuanian karúšis and Norwegian Nynorsk karuss), of unclear further origin. Kluge & Mitzka presume Balto-Slavic origin for the German descendant; reversely, Preobražensky considers the Balto-Slavic lemmas as Germanic borrowings; while Sławski and Holub & Kopečný suppose a shared substrate origin.
Compared in the past with Ancient Greek κορᾰκῖνος (korăkînos, “fresh-water fish found in the Nile”), κορακώδης (korakṓdēs, “crucian”) (literally: raven-like).

cog

Carassius carassius
Carassius carassius#English

crucian carp (Carassius carassius); any fish of the genus Carassius


o(b)pasьnъ

opasьnъ (canonical)
opasьnъ (masculine nominative singular)
obpasьnъ (masculine nominative singular)
opasьna (feminine nominative singular)
obpasьna (feminine nominative singular)
opasьno (neuter nominative singular)
obpasьno (neuter nominative singular)
opasьna (genitive masculine singular)
obpasьna (genitive masculine singular)
opasьny (feminine genitive singular)
obpasьny (feminine genitive singular)
opasьna (genitive neuter singular)
obpasьna (genitive neuter singular)
opasьnu (dative masculine singular)
obpasьnu (dative masculine singular)
opasьně (dative feminine singular)
obpasьně (dative feminine singular)
opasьnu (dative neuter singular)
obpasьnu (dative neuter singular)
opasьnъ (accusative masculine singular)
obpasьnъ (accusative masculine singular)
opasьnǫ (accusative feminine singular)
obpasьnǫ (accusative feminine singular)
opasьno (accusative neuter singular)
obpasьno (accusative neuter singular)
opasьnomь (instrumental masculine singular)
obpasьnomь (instrumental masculine singular)
opasьnojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
obpasьnojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
opasьnomь (instrumental neuter singular)
obpasьnomь (instrumental neuter singular)
opasьně (locative masculine singular)
obpasьně (locative masculine singular)
opasьně (feminine locative singular)
obpasьně (feminine locative singular)
opasьně (locative neuter singular)
obpasьně (locative neuter singular)
opasьne (masculine singular vocative)
obpasьne (masculine singular vocative)
opasьno (feminine singular vocative)
obpasьno (feminine singular vocative)
opasьno (neuter singular vocative)
obpasьno (neuter singular vocative)
opasьna (dual masculine nominative)
obpasьna (dual masculine nominative)
opasьně (dual feminine nominative)
obpasьně (dual feminine nominative)
opasьně (dual neuter nominative)
obpasьně (dual neuter nominative)
opasьnu (dual genitive masculine)
obpasьnu (dual genitive masculine)
opasьnu (dual feminine genitive)
obpasьnu (dual feminine genitive)
opasьnu (dual genitive neuter)
obpasьnu (dual genitive neuter)
opasьnoma (dative dual masculine)
obpasьnoma (dative dual masculine)
opasьnama (dative dual feminine)
obpasьnama (dative dual feminine)
opasьnoma (dative dual neuter)
obpasьnoma (dative dual neuter)
opasьna (accusative dual masculine)
obpasьna (accusative dual masculine)
opasьně (accusative dual feminine)
obpasьně (accusative dual feminine)
opasьně (accusative dual neuter)
obpasьně (accusative dual neuter)
opasьnoma (dual instrumental masculine)
obpasьnoma (dual instrumental masculine)
opasьnama (dual feminine instrumental)
obpasьnama (dual feminine instrumental)
opasьnoma (dual instrumental neuter)
obpasьnoma (dual instrumental neuter)
opasьnu (dual locative masculine)
obpasьnu (dual locative masculine)
opasьnu (dual feminine locative)
obpasьnu (dual feminine locative)
opasьnu (dual locative neuter)
obpasьnu (dual locative neuter)
opasьna (dual masculine vocative)
obpasьna (dual masculine vocative)
opasьně (dual feminine vocative)
obpasьně (dual feminine vocative)
opasьně (dual neuter vocative)
obpasьně (dual neuter vocative)
opasьni (masculine nominative plural)
obpasьni (masculine nominative plural)
opasьny (feminine nominative plural)
obpasьny (feminine nominative plural)
opasьna (neuter nominative plural)
obpasьna (neuter nominative plural)
opasьnъ (genitive masculine plural)
obpasьnъ (genitive masculine plural)
opasьnъ (feminine genitive plural)
obpasьnъ (feminine genitive plural)
opasьnъ (genitive neuter plural)
obpasьnъ (genitive neuter plural)
opasьnomъ (dative masculine plural)
obpasьnomъ (dative masculine plural)
opasьnamъ (dative feminine plural)
obpasьnamъ (dative feminine plural)
opasьnomъ (dative neuter plural)
obpasьnomъ (dative neuter plural)
opasьny (accusative masculine plural)
obpasьny (accusative masculine plural)
opasьny (accusative feminine plural)
obpasьny (accusative feminine plural)
opasьna (accusative neuter plural)
obpasьna (accusative neuter plural)
opasьny (instrumental masculine plural)
obpasьny (instrumental masculine plural)
opasьnami (feminine instrumental plural)
obpasьnami (feminine instrumental plural)
opasьny (instrumental neuter plural)
obpasьny (instrumental neuter plural)
opasьněxъ (locative masculine plural)
obpasьněxъ (locative masculine plural)
opasьnaxъ (feminine locative plural)
obpasьnaxъ (feminine locative plural)
opasьněxъ (locative neuter plural)
obpasьněxъ (locative neuter plural)
opasьni (masculine plural vocative)
obpasьni (masculine plural vocative)
opasьny (feminine plural vocative)
obpasьny (feminine plural vocative)
opasьna (neuter plural vocative)
obpasьna (neuter plural vocative)
opasьnъjь (masculine nominative singular)
obpasьnъjь (masculine nominative singular)
opasьnaja (feminine nominative singular)
obpasьnaja (feminine nominative singular)
opasьnoje (neuter nominative singular)
obpasьnoje (neuter nominative singular)
opasьnajego (genitive masculine singular)
obpasьnajego (genitive masculine singular)
opasьnyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
obpasьnyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
opasьnajego (genitive neuter singular)
obpasьnajego (genitive neuter singular)
opasьnujemu (dative masculine singular)
obpasьnujemu (dative masculine singular)
opasьněji (dative feminine singular)
obpasьněji (dative feminine singular)
opasьnujemu (dative neuter singular)
obpasьnujemu (dative neuter singular)
opasьnъjь (accusative masculine singular)
obpasьnъjь (accusative masculine singular)
opasьnǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
obpasьnǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
opasьnoje (accusative neuter singular)
obpasьnoje (accusative neuter singular)
opasьnyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
obpasьnyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
opasьnǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
obpasьnǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
opasьnyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
obpasьnyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
opasьnějemь (locative masculine singular)
obpasьnějemь (locative masculine singular)
opasьněji (feminine locative singular)
obpasьněji (feminine locative singular)
opasьnějemь (locative neuter singular)
obpasьnějemь (locative neuter singular)
opasьnъjь (masculine singular vocative)
obpasьnъjь (masculine singular vocative)
opasьnaja (feminine singular vocative)
obpasьnaja (feminine singular vocative)
opasьnoje (neuter singular vocative)
obpasьnoje (neuter singular vocative)
opasьnaja (dual masculine nominative)
obpasьnaja (dual masculine nominative)
opasьněji (dual feminine nominative)
obpasьněji (dual feminine nominative)
opasьněji (dual neuter nominative)
obpasьněji (dual neuter nominative)
opasьnuju (dual genitive masculine)
obpasьnuju (dual genitive masculine)
opasьnuju (dual feminine genitive)
obpasьnuju (dual feminine genitive)
opasьnuju (dual genitive neuter)
obpasьnuju (dual genitive neuter)
opasьnyjima (dative dual masculine)
obpasьnyjima (dative dual masculine)
opasьnyjima (dative dual feminine)
obpasьnyjima (dative dual feminine)
opasьnyjima (dative dual neuter)
obpasьnyjima (dative dual neuter)
opasьnaja (accusative dual masculine)
obpasьnaja (accusative dual masculine)
opasьněji (accusative dual feminine)
obpasьněji (accusative dual feminine)
opasьněji (accusative dual neuter)
obpasьněji (accusative dual neuter)
opasьnyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
obpasьnyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
opasьnyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
obpasьnyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
opasьnyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
obpasьnyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
opasьnuju (dual locative masculine)
obpasьnuju (dual locative masculine)
opasьnuju (dual feminine locative)
obpasьnuju (dual feminine locative)
opasьnuju (dual locative neuter)
obpasьnuju (dual locative neuter)
opasьnaja (dual masculine vocative)
obpasьnaja (dual masculine vocative)
opasьněji (dual feminine vocative)
obpasьněji (dual feminine vocative)
opasьněji (dual neuter vocative)
obpasьněji (dual neuter vocative)
opasьniji (masculine nominative plural)
obpasьniji (masculine nominative plural)
opasьnyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
obpasьnyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
opasьnaja (neuter nominative plural)
obpasьnaja (neuter nominative plural)
opasьnъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
obpasьnъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
opasьnъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
obpasьnъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
opasьnъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
obpasьnъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
opasьnyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
obpasьnyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
opasьnyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
obpasьnyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
opasьnyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
obpasьnyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
opasьnyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
obpasьnyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
opasьnyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
obpasьnyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
opasьnaja (accusative neuter plural)
obpasьnaja (accusative neuter plural)
opasьnyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
obpasьnyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
opasьnyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
obpasьnyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
opasьnyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
obpasьnyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
opasьnyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
obpasьnyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
opasьnyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
obpasьnyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
opasьnyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
obpasьnyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
opasьniji (masculine plural vocative)
obpasьniji (masculine plural vocative)
opasьnyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
obpasьnyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
opasьnaja (neuter plural vocative)
obpasьnaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: опаснꙑи (opasnyi)

Middle Russian: опасный (opasnyj)

Russian: опа́сный (opásnyj); о́пасный (ópasnyj) (dialectal)

→ Polish: opaśny (archaic)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: опасьнъ (opasĭnŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱁⱂⰰⱄⱐⱀⱏ (opasĭnŭ)

Macedonian: опасен (opasen)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: о̏па̄сан

Latin script: ȍpāsan

Slovene: opásən (tonal orthography) (dialectal)

From *o(b)pasъ (“alert, heed”) + *-ьnъ, from *o(b)pasti (“to attend, to overwatch”), from *o(b)- + *pasti (“to pasture; to herd”).

(abstract) dangerous, threatening (requiring attention, alertness)

o(b)pasivъ

*o(b)pasati (sę) (“to apprehend, to fear”)


sǫdakъ

sǫdakъ (nominative singular)
sǫdaka (dual nominative)
sǫdaci (nominative plural)
sǫdaka (genitive singular)
sǫdaku (dual genitive)
sǫdakъ (genitive plural)
sǫdaku (dative singular)
sǫdakoma (dative dual)
sǫdakomъ (dative plural)
sǫdakъ (accusative singular)
sǫdaka (accusative dual)
sǫdaky (accusative plural)
sǫdakъmь (instrumental singular)
sǫdakomь (instrumental singular)
sǫdakoma (dual instrumental)
sǫdaky (instrumental plural)
sǫdacě (locative singular)
sǫdaku (dual locative)
sǫdacěxъ (locative plural)
sǫdače (singular vocative)
sǫdaka (dual vocative)
sǫdaci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *сѫдакъ (*sǫdakŭ)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: суда́къ (sudák)
Belarusian: суда́к (sudák)
Ukrainian: суда́к (sudák), (dialectal) суду́к (sudúk)

desc

Middle Russian: суда́къ (sudák), судо́къ (sudók)

Russian: суда́к (sudák), (dialectal) судо́к (sudók)

→ Tatar: судак (sudaq)

South Slavic: (< *smǫď- < *sǫd-)

Bulgarian: смадо́к (smadók)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сму̑ђ, (dialectal) смуч, смуђарак, смудина

Latin script: smȗđ, (dialectal) smuč, smuđarak, smudina

Slovene: smȗč, smug, smoj

→? Slovak: smud (“zander”)

West Slavic:

>? Czech: (dialectal) sandát, sanítka

Slovincian: sãdzoc

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: sandak

→ Middle Low German: sandāt (see there for further descendants)

By surface analysis, *sǫd- + *-akъ. Possibly from an earlier Pre-Slavic *sand-āk-; further etymology unknown. Perhaps a substrate word.

Sander lucioperca
Sander lucioperca#English

zander (Sander lucioperca); any fish of the genus Sander

Naukova Dumka
uk:Коломієць Віра Титівна


xalěpa

*xalipa (alternative)
*šalěpa (alternative)
xalěpa (nominative singular)
xalěpě (dual nominative)
xalěpy (nominative plural)
xalěpy (genitive singular)
xalěpu (dual genitive)
xalěpъ (genitive plural)
xalěpě (dative singular)
xalěpama (dative dual)
xalěpamъ (dative plural)
xalěpǫ (accusative singular)
xalěpě (accusative dual)
xalěpy (accusative plural)
xalěpojǫ (instrumental singular)
xalěpǭ (instrumental singular)
xalěpama (dual instrumental)
xalěpamī (instrumental plural)
xalěpě (locative singular)
xalěpu (dual locative)
xalěpasъ (locative plural)
xalěpaxъ (locative plural)
xalěpo (singular vocative)
xalěpě (dual vocative)
xalěpy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

⇒ Old East Slavic: Халѣпъ (Xalěpŭ), Халепа (Xalepa) (personal name)

Belarusian: ха́лепа (xáljepa), ха́ліпа (xálipa, “sleet”); (dialectal) ха́ляпа (xáljapa, “slush”)

Russian: ха́лепа (xálepa), ха́липа (xálipa) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: ха́лепа (xálepa), ха́липа (xálypa, “bad weather”) (dated)

Uncertain. Etymological hypotheses follow two lines of logic:
* Petersson: Derived from *xal- + *-ěpa/*-ipa, cognate with South Slavic mythological creature *xala (“typhon, hail-bringer”) and possibly Old Armenian խաղ (xał, “marsh; impure, dirty”) (the later rejected by Vasmer). Berneker further adds as a potential cognate dialectal Serbo-Croatian ха̏ла (“dirt, grime”). Possibly akin to Lithuanian skaláuti (“to rinse”).
* Trubačev: Compound of *xa- + *lěp-/*lip- (“sticky”) + *-a. First element, perhaps from Proto-Slavic *xati (“to reel, to stagger; to be concerned”), *xajь (“trouble, cumbersome endeavour”). Compare analogous development in Proto-Slavic *metělь, *metělica (“blizzard”) from *mesti (“to sweep, to project”).
Perhaps, parallel to ē-ablauted *šalěpa (“bad weather”), found in dialectal Russian ша́лепа (šálepa), Belarusian ша́ліпа (šálipa).
A secondary meaning “trouble, hardship”, attested in Ukrainian and South Russian (Kursk oblast), may have been borrowed independently from Ancient Greek χαλεπός (khalepós, “difficult, harsh”) or has evolved via semantic shift alike Bulgarian несго́да (nesgóda, “trouble, bad luck”) - a negation of earleir *sъgoda (“good weather, proper time”).


tǫča

tǫ̀ča (canonical feminine)
tǫča (nominative singular)
tǫ̀či (dual nominative)
tǫ̀čę̇ (nominative plural)
tǫ̀čę̇ (genitive singular)
tǫ̀ču (dual genitive)
tǫ̀čь (genitive plural)
tǫ̀čī (dative singular)
tǫ̀čama (dative dual)
tǫ̀čāmъ (dative plural)
tǫ̀čǫ (accusative singular)
tǫ̀či (accusative dual)
tǫ̀čę̇ (accusative plural)
tǫ̀čējǫ (instrumental singular)
tǫ̀čǭ (instrumental singular)
tǫ̀čama (dual instrumental)
tǫ̀čāmī (instrumental plural)
tǫ̀čī (locative singular)
tǫ̀ču (dual locative)
tǫ̀čāsъ (locative plural)
tǫ̀če (singular vocative)
tǫ̀či (dual vocative)
tǫ̀čę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ту́ча (túča)

Russian: ту́ча (túča)

Ukrainian: ту́ча (túča)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: тѫча (tǫča)

Glagolitic script: ⱅⱘⱍⰰ (tǫča)

desc

Bulgarian: ту́ча (túča), тъ́нча (tǎ́nča) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ту̏ча

Latin script: tȕča

Slovene: tọ́ča (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Polabian: tǫco

Old Polish: tęcza

Polish: tęcza

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: tuca

⇒ Upper Sorbian: tučel, tučatka

From a k-extension of Proto-Indo-European *tenH- (“to contract, to stretch”), akin to Lithuanian tánkus (“thick”), Proto-Germanic *þinhtaz (“tight, dense”).

cog

(perhaps originally) condensation, cumulation, thickening

→ downpour, inundation, storm (South Slavic)

→ rainy cloud (East Slavic)

→ rainbow (West Slavic)


ežiti

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *ежити сѧ (*ježiti sę)

Russian: ёжиться (jóžitʹsja)

desc

Ukrainian: ї́жити (jížyty), ї́житися (jížytysja)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: е́жа се (éža se) (rare); е́жа съ (éža s), е́жъ съ (éž s), йе́жъ съ (jéž s), е́жим се (éžim se), е́жум съ (éžum s) (dialectal)

Macedonian: ежи се (eži se)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: је́жити се

Latin script: jéžiti se

Slovene: jéžíti se

West Slavic:

Czech: ježiti; ježit se (dialectal)

Polish: jeżyć

Slovak: ježiť, ježiťsa

Slovincian: jêżëc

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: ježyś se

to shiver (with/from), shrink (from) shudder (at)


eževъ

eževъ (masculine nominative singular)
eževa (feminine nominative singular)
eževo (neuter nominative singular)
eževa (genitive masculine singular)
eževy (feminine genitive singular)
eževa (genitive neuter singular)
eževu (dative masculine singular)
eževě (dative feminine singular)
eževu (dative neuter singular)
eževъ (accusative masculine singular)
eževǫ (accusative feminine singular)
eževo (accusative neuter singular)
eževomь (instrumental masculine singular)
eževojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
eževomь (instrumental neuter singular)
eževě (locative masculine singular)
eževě (feminine locative singular)
eževě (locative neuter singular)
eževe (masculine singular vocative)
eževo (feminine singular vocative)
eževo (neuter singular vocative)
eževa (dual masculine nominative)
eževě (dual feminine nominative)
eževě (dual neuter nominative)
eževu (dual genitive masculine)
eževu (dual feminine genitive)
eževu (dual genitive neuter)
eževoma (dative dual masculine)
eževama (dative dual feminine)
eževoma (dative dual neuter)
eževa (accusative dual masculine)
eževě (accusative dual feminine)
eževě (accusative dual neuter)
eževoma (dual instrumental masculine)
eževama (dual feminine instrumental)
eževoma (dual instrumental neuter)
eževu (dual locative masculine)
eževu (dual feminine locative)
eževu (dual locative neuter)
eževa (dual masculine vocative)
eževě (dual feminine vocative)
eževě (dual neuter vocative)
eževi (masculine nominative plural)
eževy (feminine nominative plural)
eževa (neuter nominative plural)
eževъ (genitive masculine plural)
eževъ (feminine genitive plural)
eževъ (genitive neuter plural)
eževomъ (dative masculine plural)
eževamъ (dative feminine plural)
eževomъ (dative neuter plural)
eževy (accusative masculine plural)
eževy (accusative feminine plural)
eževa (accusative neuter plural)
eževy (instrumental masculine plural)
eževami (feminine instrumental plural)
eževy (instrumental neuter plural)
eževěxъ (locative masculine plural)
eževaxъ (feminine locative plural)
eževěxъ (locative neuter plural)
eževi (masculine plural vocative)
eževy (feminine plural vocative)
eževa (neuter plural vocative)
eževъjь (masculine nominative singular)
eževaja (feminine nominative singular)
eževoje (neuter nominative singular)
eževajego (genitive masculine singular)
eževyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
eževajego (genitive neuter singular)
eževujemu (dative masculine singular)
eževěji (dative feminine singular)
eževujemu (dative neuter singular)
eževъjь (accusative masculine singular)
eževǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
eževoje (accusative neuter singular)
eževyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
eževǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
eževyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
eževějemь (locative masculine singular)
eževěji (feminine locative singular)
eževějemь (locative neuter singular)
eževъjь (masculine singular vocative)
eževaja (feminine singular vocative)
eževoje (neuter singular vocative)
eževaja (dual masculine nominative)
eževěji (dual feminine nominative)
eževěji (dual neuter nominative)
eževuju (dual genitive masculine)
eževuju (dual feminine genitive)
eževuju (dual genitive neuter)
eževyjima (dative dual masculine)
eževyjima (dative dual feminine)
eževyjima (dative dual neuter)
eževaja (accusative dual masculine)
eževěji (accusative dual feminine)
eževěji (accusative dual neuter)
eževyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
eževyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
eževyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
eževuju (dual locative masculine)
eževuju (dual feminine locative)
eževuju (dual locative neuter)
eževaja (dual masculine vocative)
eževěji (dual feminine vocative)
eževěji (dual neuter vocative)
eževiji (masculine nominative plural)
eževyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
eževaja (neuter nominative plural)
eževъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
eževъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
eževъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
eževyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
eževyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
eževyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
eževyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
eževyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
eževaja (accusative neuter plural)
eževyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
eževyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
eževyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
eževyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
eževyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
eževyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
eževiji (masculine plural vocative)
eževyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
eževaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *ежевъ (*ježevŭ), *ежевꙑи (*ježevyi)

Russian: ежо́вый (ježóvyj)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: ежов (ežov), ежев (ežev) (dialectal)

Macedonian: ежов (ežov)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: је́жев, је̑жев

Latin script: jéžev, jȇžev

Slovene: jéžev

West Slavic:

Czech: ježový

Polish: jeżowy

Slovincian: jeżêwy, ježìe̯vï

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: ježowy


ežikъ

ežikъ (nominative singular)
ežika (dual nominative)
ežici (nominative plural)
ežika (genitive singular)
ežiku (dual genitive)
ežikъ (genitive plural)
ežiku (dative singular)
ežikoma (dative dual)
ežikomъ (dative plural)
ežikъ (accusative singular)
ežika (accusative dual)
ežiky (accusative plural)
ežikъmь (instrumental singular)
ežikomь (instrumental singular)
ežikoma (dual instrumental)
ežiky (instrumental plural)
ežicě (locative singular)
ežiku (dual locative)
ežicěxъ (locative plural)
ežiče (singular vocative)
ežika (dual vocative)
ežici (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *ѥжикъ (*ježikŭ), ожикъ (ožikŭ)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: єжикъ (ježik), ожикъ (ožik)
Belarusian: во́жык (vóžyk)
Ukrainian: ї́жик (jížyk) (dialectal)

Russian: ёжик (jóžik), ежик (ježik),

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: е́же̂к (éžêk) (dialectal)

West Slavic:

Czech: ježík

Pannonian Rusyn: їжик (jižik)

Polish: jeżyk

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: ježyk

From *ežь (“hedgehog”) + *-ikъ (“diminutive suffix”).


ežina

ežina (nominative singular)
ežině (dual nominative)
ežiny (nominative plural)
ežiny (genitive singular)
ežinu (dual genitive)
ežinъ (genitive plural)
ežině (dative singular)
ežinama (dative dual)
ežinamъ (dative plural)
ežinǫ (accusative singular)
ežině (accusative dual)
ežiny (accusative plural)
ežinojǫ (instrumental singular)
ežinǫ (instrumental singular)
ežinama (dual instrumental)
ežinami (instrumental plural)
ežině (locative singular)
ežinu (dual locative)
ežinasъ (locative plural)
ežinaxъ (locative plural)
ežino (singular vocative)
ežině (dual vocative)
ežiny (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: *ежина (*ježina), *ожина (*ožina)

Old Ruthenian: ожи́на (ožína)

Belarusian: ажы́на (ažýna)

Ukrainian: ожи́на (ožýna), ожи́ни pl (ožíni)

→ Yiddish: אָזשענע (ozhene)

Russian: ожи́на f (ožína), ожи́н m (ožín) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: јѐжина

Latin script: jèžina

⇒ Cyrillic script: јежиница

⇒ Latin script: ježinica

Slovene: jéžinja

West Slavic:

Czech: ježiny pl

⇒ Czech: ježiník m

Polish: jeżyna, ożyna; jezina, jażyna (dialectal)

Slovak: ožina

From *ežь (“hedgehog”) + *-ina.
Compare with Ancient Greek ἐχῖνος (ekhînos, “hedgehog”), derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰis (“hedgehog”) + *-iHnos.


ežika

ežika (nominative singular)
ežicě (dual nominative)
ežiky (nominative plural)
ežiky (genitive singular)
ežiku (dual genitive)
ežikъ (genitive plural)
ežicě (dative singular)
ežikama (dative dual)
ežikamъ (dative plural)
ežikǫ (accusative singular)
ežicě (accusative dual)
ežiky (accusative plural)
ežikojǫ (instrumental singular)
ežikǫ (instrumental singular)
ežikama (dual instrumental)
ežikami (instrumental plural)
ežicě (locative singular)
ežiku (dual locative)
ežikasъ (locative plural)
ežikaxъ (locative plural)
ežiko (singular vocative)
ežicě (dual vocative)
ežiky (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *ожика (*ožika)

Belarusian: ажы́ка (ažýka)

Russian: ожи́ка (ožíka)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: јежика

Latin script: ježika


ežica

ežica (nominative singular)
ežici (dual nominative)
ežicę̇ (nominative plural)
ežicę̇ (genitive singular)
ežicu (dual genitive)
ežicь (genitive plural)
ežici (dative singular)
ežicama (dative dual)
ežicamъ (dative plural)
ežicǫ (accusative singular)
ežici (accusative dual)
ežicę̇ (accusative plural)
ežicejǫ (instrumental singular)
ežicǫ (instrumental singular)
ežicama (dual instrumental)
ežicami (instrumental plural)
ežici (locative singular)
ežicu (dual locative)
ežicasъ (locative plural)
ežicaxъ (locative plural)
ežice (singular vocative)
ežici (dual vocative)
ežicę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *ежица (*ježica)

Ukrainian: ї́жи́ця (jížýcja) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: јѐжица

Latin script: jèžica

Slovene: ježíca

West Slavic:

Czech: ježice (archaic)

Polish: jeżyca


eževina

eževina (nominative singular)
eževině (dual nominative)
eževiny (nominative plural)
eževiny (genitive singular)
eževinu (dual genitive)
eževinъ (genitive plural)
eževině (dative singular)
eževinama (dative dual)
eževinamъ (dative plural)
eževinǫ (accusative singular)
eževině (accusative dual)
eževiny (accusative plural)
eževinojǫ (instrumental singular)
eževinǫ (instrumental singular)
eževinama (dual instrumental)
eževinami (instrumental plural)
eževině (locative singular)
eževinu (dual locative)
eževinasъ (locative plural)
eževinaxъ (locative plural)
eževino (singular vocative)
eževině (dual vocative)
eževiny (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Belarusian: жаві́ны (žavíny), жеви́ны (žjevíny); ажаві́на (ažavína) (dialectal)

Russian: ежеви́на (ježevína), ежо́вина (ježóvina)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: ежови́на (ežovína); е́жо̣вина (éžọvina) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: јежевина, ежевина, јѐжевина, је́жевина

Latin script: ježevina, eževina, jèževina, jéževina

Slovene: ježevína

West Slavic:

Czech: ježovina

From *eževъ (“hedgehog-related”) + *-ina.


eževika

eževika (nominative singular)
eževicě (dual nominative)
eževiky (nominative plural)
eževiky (genitive singular)
eževiku (dual genitive)
eževikъ (genitive plural)
eževicě (dative singular)
eževikama (dative dual)
eževikamъ (dative plural)
eževikǫ (accusative singular)
eževicě (accusative dual)
eževiky (accusative plural)
eževikojǫ (instrumental singular)
eževikǫ (instrumental singular)
eževikama (dual instrumental)
eževikami (instrumental plural)
eževicě (locative singular)
eževiku (dual locative)
eževikasъ (locative plural)
eževikaxъ (locative plural)
eževiko (singular vocative)
eževicě (dual vocative)
eževiky (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *ежевика (*ježevika)

Russian: ежеви́ка (ježevíka)

From *eževъ (“hedgehog-related”) + *-ika.


eževica

eževica (nominative singular)
eževici (dual nominative)
eževicę̇ (nominative plural)
eževicę̇ (genitive singular)
eževicu (dual genitive)
eževicь (genitive plural)
eževici (dative singular)
eževicama (dative dual)
eževicamъ (dative plural)
eževicǫ (accusative singular)
eževici (accusative dual)
eževicę̇ (accusative plural)
eževicejǫ (instrumental singular)
eževicǫ (instrumental singular)
eževicama (dual instrumental)
eževicami (instrumental plural)
eževici (locative singular)
eževicu (dual locative)
eževicasъ (locative plural)
eževicaxъ (locative plural)
eževice (singular vocative)
eževici (dual vocative)
eževicę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

⇒ Russian: ежени́ца (ježeníca) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: је́жевица; Је́жевица (toponym)

Latin script: jéževica; Jéževica (toponym)

Slovene: ježevíca

From *eževъ (“hedgehog-related”) + *-ica.


blędivъ

blędìvъ (masculine nominative singular)
blędìva (feminine nominative singular)
blędìvo (neuter nominative singular)
blędìva (genitive masculine singular)
blędìvy (feminine genitive singular)
blędìva (genitive neuter singular)
blędìvu (dative masculine singular)
blędìvě (dative feminine singular)
blędìvu (dative neuter singular)
blędìvъ (accusative masculine singular)
blędìvǫ (accusative feminine singular)
blędìvo (accusative neuter singular)
blędìvomь (instrumental masculine singular)
blędìvojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
blędìvomь (instrumental neuter singular)
blędìvě (locative masculine singular)
blędìvě (feminine locative singular)
blędìvě (locative neuter singular)
blędìve (masculine singular vocative)
blędìvo (feminine singular vocative)
blędìvo (neuter singular vocative)
blędìva (dual masculine nominative)
blędìvě (dual feminine nominative)
blędìvě (dual neuter nominative)
blędìvu (dual genitive masculine)
blędìvu (dual feminine genitive)
blędìvu (dual genitive neuter)
blędìvoma (dative dual masculine)
blędìvama (dative dual feminine)
blędìvoma (dative dual neuter)
blędìva (accusative dual masculine)
blędìvě (accusative dual feminine)
blędìvě (accusative dual neuter)
blędìvoma (dual instrumental masculine)
blędìvama (dual feminine instrumental)
blędìvoma (dual instrumental neuter)
blędìvu (dual locative masculine)
blędìvu (dual feminine locative)
blędìvu (dual locative neuter)
blędìva (dual masculine vocative)
blędìvě (dual feminine vocative)
blędìvě (dual neuter vocative)
blędìvi (masculine nominative plural)
blędìvy (feminine nominative plural)
blędìva (neuter nominative plural)
blędìvъ (genitive masculine plural)
blędìvъ (feminine genitive plural)
blędìvъ (genitive neuter plural)
blędìvomъ (dative masculine plural)
blędìvamъ (dative feminine plural)
blędìvomъ (dative neuter plural)
blędìvy (accusative masculine plural)
blędìvy (accusative feminine plural)
blędìva (accusative neuter plural)
blędìvy (instrumental masculine plural)
blędìvami (feminine instrumental plural)
blędìvy (instrumental neuter plural)
blędìvěxъ (locative masculine plural)
blędìvaxъ (feminine locative plural)
blędìvěxъ (locative neuter plural)
blędìvi (masculine plural vocative)
blędìvy (feminine plural vocative)
blędìva (neuter plural vocative)
blędìvъjь (masculine nominative singular)
blędìvaja (feminine nominative singular)
blędìvoje (neuter nominative singular)
blędìvajego (genitive masculine singular)
blędìvyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
blędìvajego (genitive neuter singular)
blędìvujemu (dative masculine singular)
blędìvěji (dative feminine singular)
blędìvujemu (dative neuter singular)
blędìvъjь (accusative masculine singular)
blędìvǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
blędìvoje (accusative neuter singular)
blędìvyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
blędìvǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
blędìvyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
blędìvějemь (locative masculine singular)
blędìvěji (feminine locative singular)
blędìvějemь (locative neuter singular)
blędìvъjь (masculine singular vocative)
blędìvaja (feminine singular vocative)
blędìvoje (neuter singular vocative)
blędìvaja (dual masculine nominative)
blędìvěji (dual feminine nominative)
blędìvěji (dual neuter nominative)
blędìvuju (dual genitive masculine)
blędìvuju (dual feminine genitive)
blędìvuju (dual genitive neuter)
blędìvyjima (dative dual masculine)
blędìvyjima (dative dual feminine)
blędìvyjima (dative dual neuter)
blędìvaja (accusative dual masculine)
blędìvěji (accusative dual feminine)
blędìvěji (accusative dual neuter)
blędìvyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
blędìvyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
blędìvyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
blędìvuju (dual locative masculine)
blędìvuju (dual feminine locative)
blędìvuju (dual locative neuter)
blędìvaja (dual masculine vocative)
blędìvěji (dual feminine vocative)
blędìvěji (dual neuter vocative)
blędìviji (masculine nominative plural)
blędìvyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
blędìvaja (neuter nominative plural)
blędìvъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
blędìvъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
blędìvъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
blędìvyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
blędìvyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
blędìvyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
blędìvyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
blędìvyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
blędìvaja (accusative neuter plural)
blędìvyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
blędìvyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
blędìvyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
blędìvyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
blędìvyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
blędìvyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
blędìviji (masculine plural vocative)
blędìvyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
blędìvaja (neuter plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⰱⰾⱔⰴⰺⰲⱏ (blędivŭ)

Old Cyrillic script: блѧдивъ (blędivŭ)


blędati

West Slavic:

Polabian: 1sg. *blędaje, 3sg. bľǫdă

Polish: blańdać (dialectal)


uvy

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: оувꙑ (uvy)

Russian: увы́ (uvý)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: оувꙑ (uvy)

Glagolitic script: ⱆⰲⱏⰹ (uvy)

Bulgarian: уви́ (uví)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: авај

Latin script: avaj

West Slavic:

Czech: ouvé, óvé, ove

Slovak: ou

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *uwái, from Proto-Indo-European *uwáy.


blǫdati

blǫdanьje (noun-from-verb)
blǫdati (infinitive)
blǫdatъ (supine)
blǫdalъ (l-participle)
blǫdanъ (participle passive past)
blǫdajemъ (participle passive present)
blǫdavъ (active participle past)
blǫdaję (active participle present)
blǫdaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
blǫda (aorist second-person singular)
blǫda (aorist singular third-person)
blǫdajǫ (first-person present singular)
blǫdaješi (present second-person singular)
blǫdajetь (present singular third-person)
blǫdaxově (aorist dual first-person)
blǫdasta (aorist dual second-person)
blǫdaste (aorist dual third-person)
blǫdajevě (dual first-person present)
blǫdajeta (dual present second-person)
blǫdajete (dual present third-person)
blǫdaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
blǫdaste (aorist plural second-person)
blǫdašę (aorist plural third-person)
blǫdajemъ (first-person plural present)
blǫdajete (plural present second-person)
blǫdajǫtь (plural present third-person)
blǫdaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
blǫdaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
blǫdaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
blǫdaji (imperative second-person singular)
blǫdaji (imperative singular third-person)
blǫdaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
blǫdaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
blǫdaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
blǫdajivě (dual first-person imperative)
blǫdajita (dual imperative second-person)
blǫdaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
blǫdaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
blǫdaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
blǫdajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
blǫdajite (imperative plural second-person)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: бъ́лдам (bǎ́ldam), блъда́я (blǎdája) (dialectal)

Macedonian: блада (blada); бланда (blanda) (in Western Rupian dialects)

→ Romanian: blândă (“nettle-rash”) (possibly)

Either archaic factitive from *blęsti (“to confuse, to blather”) (1sg. *blędǫ) + *-ati or denominal from *blǫdъ (“delusion”), *blǫda (“moral or physical degradation”) + *-ati.

affix

→ to sleeptalk, to rave

Alternative form of *blędati (“to be delirious”)


ľutъ

ľutъ (masculine nominative singular)
ľuta (feminine nominative singular)
ľuto (neuter nominative singular)
ľuta (genitive masculine singular)
ľuty (feminine genitive singular)
ľuta (genitive neuter singular)
ľutu (dative masculine singular)
ľutě (dative feminine singular)
ľutu (dative neuter singular)
ľutъ (accusative masculine singular)
ľutǫ (accusative feminine singular)
ľuto (accusative neuter singular)
ľutomь (instrumental masculine singular)
ľutojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
ľutomь (instrumental neuter singular)
ľutě (locative masculine singular)
ľutě (feminine locative singular)
ľutě (locative neuter singular)
ľute (masculine singular vocative)
ľuto (feminine singular vocative)
ľuto (neuter singular vocative)
ľuta (dual masculine nominative)
ľutě (dual feminine nominative)
ľutě (dual neuter nominative)
ľutu (dual genitive masculine)
ľutu (dual feminine genitive)
ľutu (dual genitive neuter)
ľutoma (dative dual masculine)
ľutama (dative dual feminine)
ľutoma (dative dual neuter)
ľuta (accusative dual masculine)
ľutě (accusative dual feminine)
ľutě (accusative dual neuter)
ľutoma (dual instrumental masculine)
ľutama (dual feminine instrumental)
ľutoma (dual instrumental neuter)
ľutu (dual locative masculine)
ľutu (dual feminine locative)
ľutu (dual locative neuter)
ľuta (dual masculine vocative)
ľutě (dual feminine vocative)
ľutě (dual neuter vocative)
ľuti (masculine nominative plural)
ľuty (feminine nominative plural)
ľuta (neuter nominative plural)
ľutъ (genitive masculine plural)
ľutъ (feminine genitive plural)
ľutъ (genitive neuter plural)
ľutomъ (dative masculine plural)
ľutamъ (dative feminine plural)
ľutomъ (dative neuter plural)
ľuty (accusative masculine plural)
ľuty (accusative feminine plural)
ľuta (accusative neuter plural)
ľuty (instrumental masculine plural)
ľutami (feminine instrumental plural)
ľuty (instrumental neuter plural)
ľutěxъ (locative masculine plural)
ľutaxъ (feminine locative plural)
ľutěxъ (locative neuter plural)
ľuti (masculine plural vocative)
ľuty (feminine plural vocative)
ľuta (neuter plural vocative)
ľutъjь (masculine nominative singular)
ľutaja (feminine nominative singular)
ľutoje (neuter nominative singular)
ľutajego (genitive masculine singular)
ľutyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
ľutajego (genitive neuter singular)
ľutujemu (dative masculine singular)
ľutěji (dative feminine singular)
ľutujemu (dative neuter singular)
ľutъjь (accusative masculine singular)
ľutǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
ľutoje (accusative neuter singular)
ľutyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
ľutǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
ľutyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
ľutějemь (locative masculine singular)
ľutěji (feminine locative singular)
ľutějemь (locative neuter singular)
ľutъjь (masculine singular vocative)
ľutaja (feminine singular vocative)
ľutoje (neuter singular vocative)
ľutaja (dual masculine nominative)
ľutěji (dual feminine nominative)
ľutěji (dual neuter nominative)
ľutuju (dual genitive masculine)
ľutuju (dual feminine genitive)
ľutuju (dual genitive neuter)
ľutyjima (dative dual masculine)
ľutyjima (dative dual feminine)
ľutyjima (dative dual neuter)
ľutaja (accusative dual masculine)
ľutěji (accusative dual feminine)
ľutěji (accusative dual neuter)
ľutyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
ľutyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
ľutyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
ľutuju (dual locative masculine)
ľutuju (dual feminine locative)
ľutuju (dual locative neuter)
ľutaja (dual masculine vocative)
ľutěji (dual feminine vocative)
ľutěji (dual neuter vocative)
ľutiji (masculine nominative plural)
ľutyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
ľutaja (neuter nominative plural)
ľutъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
ľutъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
ľutъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
ľutyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
ľutyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
ľutyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
ľutyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
ľutyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
ľutaja (accusative neuter plural)
ľutyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
ľutyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
ľutyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
ľutyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
ľutyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
ľutyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
ľutiji (masculine plural vocative)
ľutyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
ľutaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: лютъ (ljutŭ), лютꙑи (ljutyi)

Belarusian: лю́ты (ljúty)

Russian: лю́тый (ljútyj)

Ukrainian: лю́тий (ljútyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: лютъ (ljutŭ)

Bulgarian: лют (ljut)

Macedonian: лут (lut)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: љу̑т

Latin script: ljȗt

West Slavic:

Old Czech: ľútý

Czech: lítý

Old Polish: luty

Polish: luty (“biting, cold (for weather)”)

Slovak: ľúty

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: luty (“pure”)

Perhaps a relic t-participle of Proto-Balto-Slavic *ljáutei, maybe conveying “to thrill, to surge” (per Mladenov), with no clear cognates outside of Slavic. According to Endzelīns, akin to Latvian ļaũns (“evil, wicked”), ļoti (“highly, excessively”) (adverb), while Toporov considers potential relation to Lithuanian liáutis (“to cease, to stop oneself”). Compare also Proto-Germanic *leuþą (“song, appraisal”).

cog

(by extension) spicy, pungent, abrasive (for taste)

(figurative) angry, fierce, violent, bloodthirsty (for person, animal)


stukъ

stȗkъ (nominative singular)
stȗka (dual nominative)
stȗci (nominative plural)
stȗka (genitive singular)
stukù (dual genitive)
stũkъ (genitive plural)
stȗku (dative singular)
stukomà (dative dual)
stukòmъ (dative plural)
stȗkъ (accusative singular)
stȗka (accusative dual)
stȗky (accusative plural)
stȗkъmь (instrumental singular)
stȗkomь (instrumental singular)
stukomà (dual instrumental)
stuký (instrumental plural)
stȗcě (locative singular)
stukù (dual locative)
stucě̃xъ (locative plural)
stuče (singular vocative)
stȗka (dual vocative)
stȗci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: стукъ (stukŭ)

Belarusian: стук (stuk)

Russian: стук (stuk)

desc

⇒ пересту́к (perestúk), просту́к (prostúk)

Ukrainian: стук (stuk)

⇒ пере́стук (peréstuk), по́стук (póstuk)

South Slavic:

Serbian Church Slavonic: стоукъ (stukŭ, “ring”)

West Slavic:

Polish: stuk, stęk

Either onomatopoeic or from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tew- (“to beat, to strike”) + *-kъ.
Compare Latvian stukât (“to walk with small steps (for children)”), Lithuanian stū́koti (“to knock, to pound”) (with accute perhaps due to influence from stū́gti).
Forms with nasal vocalism (in West Slavic) may be instead from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ten- (“to thunder, to groan”), whence Proto-Slavic *stonъ.

cog

stuknǫti*stukačь ()*stukadlo ()

to knock, to tap; knocker, pecker (agent); knocker, hammer (tool)


strogъ

strȍgъ (canonical)
strogъ (masculine nominative singular)
stroga (feminine nominative singular)
strogo (neuter nominative singular)
stroga (genitive masculine singular)
strogy (feminine genitive singular)
stroga (genitive neuter singular)
strogu (dative masculine singular)
strodzě (dative feminine singular)
strogu (dative neuter singular)
strogъ (accusative masculine singular)
strogǫ (accusative feminine singular)
strogo (accusative neuter singular)
strogomь (instrumental masculine singular)
strogojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
strogomь (instrumental neuter singular)
strodzě (locative masculine singular)
strodzě (feminine locative singular)
strodzě (locative neuter singular)
strože (masculine singular vocative)
strogo (feminine singular vocative)
strogo (neuter singular vocative)
stroga (dual masculine nominative)
strodzě (dual feminine nominative)
strodzě (dual neuter nominative)
strogu (dual genitive masculine)
strogu (dual feminine genitive)
strogu (dual genitive neuter)
strogoma (dative dual masculine)
strogama (dative dual feminine)
strogoma (dative dual neuter)
stroga (accusative dual masculine)
strodzě (accusative dual feminine)
strodzě (accusative dual neuter)
strogoma (dual instrumental masculine)
strogama (dual feminine instrumental)
strogoma (dual instrumental neuter)
strogu (dual locative masculine)
strogu (dual feminine locative)
strogu (dual locative neuter)
stroga (dual masculine vocative)
strodzě (dual feminine vocative)
strodzě (dual neuter vocative)
strodzi (masculine nominative plural)
strogy (feminine nominative plural)
stroga (neuter nominative plural)
strogъ (genitive masculine plural)
strogъ (feminine genitive plural)
strogъ (genitive neuter plural)
strogomъ (dative masculine plural)
strogamъ (dative feminine plural)
strogomъ (dative neuter plural)
strogy (accusative masculine plural)
strogy (accusative feminine plural)
stroga (accusative neuter plural)
strogy (instrumental masculine plural)
strogami (feminine instrumental plural)
strogy (instrumental neuter plural)
strodzěxъ (locative masculine plural)
strogaxъ (feminine locative plural)
strodzěxъ (locative neuter plural)
strodzi (masculine plural vocative)
strogy (feminine plural vocative)
stroga (neuter plural vocative)
strogъjь (masculine nominative singular)
strogaja (feminine nominative singular)
strogoje (neuter nominative singular)
strogajego (genitive masculine singular)
strogyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
strogajego (genitive neuter singular)
strogujemu (dative masculine singular)
strodzěji (dative feminine singular)
strogujemu (dative neuter singular)
strogъjь (accusative masculine singular)
strogǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
strogoje (accusative neuter singular)
strogyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
strogǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
strogyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
strodzějemь (locative masculine singular)
strodzěji (feminine locative singular)
strodzějemь (locative neuter singular)
strogъjь (masculine singular vocative)
strogaja (feminine singular vocative)
strogoje (neuter singular vocative)
strogaja (dual masculine nominative)
strodzěji (dual feminine nominative)
strodzěji (dual neuter nominative)
stroguju (dual genitive masculine)
stroguju (dual feminine genitive)
stroguju (dual genitive neuter)
strogyjima (dative dual masculine)
strogyjima (dative dual feminine)
strogyjima (dative dual neuter)
strogaja (accusative dual masculine)
strodzěji (accusative dual feminine)
strodzěji (accusative dual neuter)
strogyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
strogyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
strogyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
stroguju (dual locative masculine)
stroguju (dual feminine locative)
stroguju (dual locative neuter)
strogaja (dual masculine vocative)
strodzěji (dual feminine vocative)
strodzěji (dual neuter vocative)
strodziji (masculine nominative plural)
strogyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
strogaja (neuter nominative plural)
strogъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
strogъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
strogъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
strogyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
strogyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
strogyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
strogyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
strogyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
strogaja (accusative neuter plural)
strogyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
strogyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
strogyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
strogyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
strogyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
strogyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
strodziji (masculine plural vocative)
strogyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
strogaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: стро́гі (stróhi)

Russian: стро́гий (strógij)

Ukrainian: стро́гий (stróhyj)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: строг (strog)

Macedonian: строг (strog)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: стро̏г

Latin script: strȍg

Slovene: strȏg (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: strohý (“terse”)

Polish: srogi

Of uncertain age. According to Machek, perhaps ancient, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“stern, rigid”) + *-ogъ. Karaliūnas further adds as potential cognates Lithuanian stragùs (“strong, stern”), Latvian stragns (“stagnant”). Alternatively, Vasmer (partially following Preobražensky and Mladenov) considers gradual spread, first from Polish srogi (“strict”) into Russian and henceforth into the remaining Slavic languages. The latter is maybe from Proto-Slavic *sorgъ whence also Old Church Slavonic срагъ (sragŭ, “cruel”).
Possibly related to Proto-Germanic *strakaz (“straight”) or Proto-Germanic *strangaz (“tight, strict, straight, strong”).


tьrpъkъ

tь̑rpъkъ (canonical)
tьrpъkъ (masculine nominative singular)
tьrpъka (feminine nominative singular)
tьrpъko (neuter nominative singular)
tьrpъka (genitive masculine singular)
tьrpъky (feminine genitive singular)
tьrpъka (genitive neuter singular)
tьrpъku (dative masculine singular)
tьrpъkě (dative feminine singular)
tьrpъku (dative neuter singular)
tьrpъkъ (accusative masculine singular)
tьrpъkǫ (accusative feminine singular)
tьrpъko (accusative neuter singular)
tьrpъkomь (instrumental masculine singular)
tьrpъkojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
tьrpъkomь (instrumental neuter singular)
tьrpъkě (locative masculine singular)
tьrpъkě (feminine locative singular)
tьrpъkě (locative neuter singular)
tьrpъke (masculine singular vocative)
tьrpъko (feminine singular vocative)
tьrpъko (neuter singular vocative)
tьrpъka (dual masculine nominative)
tьrpъkě (dual feminine nominative)
tьrpъkě (dual neuter nominative)
tьrpъku (dual genitive masculine)
tьrpъku (dual feminine genitive)
tьrpъku (dual genitive neuter)
tьrpъkoma (dative dual masculine)
tьrpъkama (dative dual feminine)
tьrpъkoma (dative dual neuter)
tьrpъka (accusative dual masculine)
tьrpъkě (accusative dual feminine)
tьrpъkě (accusative dual neuter)
tьrpъkoma (dual instrumental masculine)
tьrpъkama (dual feminine instrumental)
tьrpъkoma (dual instrumental neuter)
tьrpъku (dual locative masculine)
tьrpъku (dual feminine locative)
tьrpъku (dual locative neuter)
tьrpъka (dual masculine vocative)
tьrpъkě (dual feminine vocative)
tьrpъkě (dual neuter vocative)
tьrpъki (masculine nominative plural)
tьrpъky (feminine nominative plural)
tьrpъka (neuter nominative plural)
tьrpъkъ (genitive masculine plural)
tьrpъkъ (feminine genitive plural)
tьrpъkъ (genitive neuter plural)
tьrpъkomъ (dative masculine plural)
tьrpъkamъ (dative feminine plural)
tьrpъkomъ (dative neuter plural)
tьrpъky (accusative masculine plural)
tьrpъky (accusative feminine plural)
tьrpъka (accusative neuter plural)
tьrpъky (instrumental masculine plural)
tьrpъkami (feminine instrumental plural)
tьrpъky (instrumental neuter plural)
tьrpъkěxъ (locative masculine plural)
tьrpъkaxъ (feminine locative plural)
tьrpъkěxъ (locative neuter plural)
tьrpъki (masculine plural vocative)
tьrpъky (feminine plural vocative)
tьrpъka (neuter plural vocative)
tьrpъkъjь (masculine nominative singular)
tьrpъkaja (feminine nominative singular)
tьrpъkoje (neuter nominative singular)
tьrpъkajego (genitive masculine singular)
tьrpъkyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
tьrpъkajego (genitive neuter singular)
tьrpъkujemu (dative masculine singular)
tьrpъkěji (dative feminine singular)
tьrpъkujemu (dative neuter singular)
tьrpъkъjь (accusative masculine singular)
tьrpъkǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
tьrpъkoje (accusative neuter singular)
tьrpъkyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
tьrpъkǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
tьrpъkyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
tьrpъkějemь (locative masculine singular)
tьrpъkěji (feminine locative singular)
tьrpъkějemь (locative neuter singular)
tьrpъkъjь (masculine singular vocative)
tьrpъkaja (feminine singular vocative)
tьrpъkoje (neuter singular vocative)
tьrpъkaja (dual masculine nominative)
tьrpъkěji (dual feminine nominative)
tьrpъkěji (dual neuter nominative)
tьrpъkuju (dual genitive masculine)
tьrpъkuju (dual feminine genitive)
tьrpъkuju (dual genitive neuter)
tьrpъkyjima (dative dual masculine)
tьrpъkyjima (dative dual feminine)
tьrpъkyjima (dative dual neuter)
tьrpъkaja (accusative dual masculine)
tьrpъkěji (accusative dual feminine)
tьrpъkěji (accusative dual neuter)
tьrpъkyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
tьrpъkyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
tьrpъkyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
tьrpъkuju (dual locative masculine)
tьrpъkuju (dual feminine locative)
tьrpъkuju (dual locative neuter)
tьrpъkaja (dual masculine vocative)
tьrpъkěji (dual feminine vocative)
tьrpъkěji (dual neuter vocative)
tьrpъkiji (masculine nominative plural)
tьrpъkyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
tьrpъkaja (neuter nominative plural)
tьrpъkъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
tьrpъkъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
tьrpъkъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
tьrpъkyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
tьrpъkyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
tьrpъkyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
tьrpъkyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
tьrpъkyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
tьrpъkaja (accusative neuter plural)
tьrpъkyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
tьrpъkyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
tьrpъkyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
tьrpъkyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
tьrpъkyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
tьrpъkyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
tьrpъkiji (masculine plural vocative)
tьrpъkyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
tьrpъkaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: те́рпкий (térpkij)

Ukrainian: терпки́й (terpkýj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: тръпъкъ (trŭpŭkŭ)

Bulgarian: тръ́пък (trǎ́pǎk) (rare)

⇒ Bulgarian: тръпчи́в (trǎpčív)

Macedonian: трпок (trpok)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тр̏пак

Latin script: tȑpak

Slovene: tŕpək (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: trpký

Czech: trpký

Polish: cierpki

Slovak: trpký

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *terp- (“to tremble, to quiver”) + *-ъkъ, cognate with Lithuanian tirpùs (“soluble, fusible”). Martynov tentively considers a reanalysis of an earlier *kьrpъkъ in order to match it with Lithuanian kir̃pti (“to trim, to cut”).


ědъkъ

ědъkъ (masculine nominative singular)
ědъka (feminine nominative singular)
ědъko (neuter nominative singular)
ědъka (genitive masculine singular)
ědъky (feminine genitive singular)
ědъka (genitive neuter singular)
ědъku (dative masculine singular)
ědъkě (dative feminine singular)
ědъku (dative neuter singular)
ědъkъ (accusative masculine singular)
ědъkǫ (accusative feminine singular)
ědъko (accusative neuter singular)
ědъkomь (instrumental masculine singular)
ědъkojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
ědъkomь (instrumental neuter singular)
ědъkě (locative masculine singular)
ědъkě (feminine locative singular)
ědъkě (locative neuter singular)
ědъke (masculine singular vocative)
ědъko (feminine singular vocative)
ědъko (neuter singular vocative)
ědъka (dual masculine nominative)
ědъkě (dual feminine nominative)
ědъkě (dual neuter nominative)
ědъku (dual genitive masculine)
ědъku (dual feminine genitive)
ědъku (dual genitive neuter)
ědъkoma (dative dual masculine)
ědъkama (dative dual feminine)
ědъkoma (dative dual neuter)
ědъka (accusative dual masculine)
ědъkě (accusative dual feminine)
ědъkě (accusative dual neuter)
ědъkoma (dual instrumental masculine)
ědъkama (dual feminine instrumental)
ědъkoma (dual instrumental neuter)
ědъku (dual locative masculine)
ědъku (dual feminine locative)
ědъku (dual locative neuter)
ědъka (dual masculine vocative)
ědъkě (dual feminine vocative)
ědъkě (dual neuter vocative)
ědъki (masculine nominative plural)
ědъky (feminine nominative plural)
ědъka (neuter nominative plural)
ědъkъ (genitive masculine plural)
ědъkъ (feminine genitive plural)
ědъkъ (genitive neuter plural)
ědъkomъ (dative masculine plural)
ědъkamъ (dative feminine plural)
ědъkomъ (dative neuter plural)
ědъky (accusative masculine plural)
ědъky (accusative feminine plural)
ědъka (accusative neuter plural)
ědъky (instrumental masculine plural)
ědъkami (feminine instrumental plural)
ědъky (instrumental neuter plural)
ědъkěxъ (locative masculine plural)
ědъkaxъ (feminine locative plural)
ědъkěxъ (locative neuter plural)
ědъki (masculine plural vocative)
ědъky (feminine plural vocative)
ědъka (neuter plural vocative)
ědъkъjь (masculine nominative singular)
ědъkaja (feminine nominative singular)
ědъkoje (neuter nominative singular)
ědъkajego (genitive masculine singular)
ědъkyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
ědъkajego (genitive neuter singular)
ědъkujemu (dative masculine singular)
ědъkěji (dative feminine singular)
ědъkujemu (dative neuter singular)
ědъkъjь (accusative masculine singular)
ědъkǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
ědъkoje (accusative neuter singular)
ědъkyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
ědъkǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
ědъkyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
ědъkějemь (locative masculine singular)
ědъkěji (feminine locative singular)
ědъkějemь (locative neuter singular)
ědъkъjь (masculine singular vocative)
ědъkaja (feminine singular vocative)
ědъkoje (neuter singular vocative)
ědъkaja (dual masculine nominative)
ědъkěji (dual feminine nominative)
ědъkěji (dual neuter nominative)
ědъkuju (dual genitive masculine)
ědъkuju (dual feminine genitive)
ědъkuju (dual genitive neuter)
ědъkyjima (dative dual masculine)
ědъkyjima (dative dual feminine)
ědъkyjima (dative dual neuter)
ědъkaja (accusative dual masculine)
ědъkěji (accusative dual feminine)
ědъkěji (accusative dual neuter)
ědъkyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
ědъkyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
ědъkyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
ědъkuju (dual locative masculine)
ědъkuju (dual feminine locative)
ědъkuju (dual locative neuter)
ědъkaja (dual masculine vocative)
ědъkěji (dual feminine vocative)
ědъkěji (dual neuter vocative)
ědъkiji (masculine nominative plural)
ědъkyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
ědъkaja (neuter nominative plural)
ědъkъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
ědъkъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
ědъkъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
ědъkyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
ědъkyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
ědъkyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
ědъkyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
ědъkyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
ědъkaja (accusative neuter plural)
ědъkyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
ědъkyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
ědъkyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
ědъkyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
ědъkyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
ědъkyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
ědъkiji (masculine plural vocative)
ědъkyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
ědъkaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: е́дкий (jédkij)

Ukrainian: їдки́й (jidkýj)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: је̏дак, ји́дак, ијѐдак

Latin script: jȅdak, jídak, ijèdak

Slovene: jẹ́dək (tonal orthography)

⇒ Slovene: jẹ̑dkati (“to erode”)

West Slavic:

Slovak: jedký

From *ědъ (“poison”) + *-ъkъ. Further origin disputed between:
* < Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed- (“to eat”) if originally referring to “biting, rodent”. Such a meaning is attested in Lithuanian ėdùs, ėdantis.
* < Proto-Indo-European *h₂eydʰ- (“to ignite, to burn”) if originally conveying “burning, caustic”.

acrid, caustic, corrosive (for substance)

(figurative) sarcastic, spiteful (for behaviour, words)


ědъkъ

East Slavic:

desc

Belarusian: е́дкі (jédki), ядкі́ (jadkí)

Russian: едко́й (jedkój) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: я́дък (jádǎk) (rare)

⇒ Bulgarian: я́дка (jádka, “nut (of fruit)”)

West Slavic:

Czech: jedký

Polish: jedki (“tasty”) (dialectal)

From *ěsti (“to eat”) + *-ъkъ, cognate with Lithuanian ėdrùs (“edacious”). Trubačev (ESSJa) treats this sense as a variation of Etymology 1.


strьžę

strьžę̃ (canonical masculine)
strьžę (nominative singular)
strь̏ženi (dual nominative)
strьženà (nominative plural)
strь̏žene (genitive singular)
strьženù (dual genitive)
strьžènъ (genitive plural)
strь̏ženi (dative singular)
strьženьmà (dative dual)
strьžènьmъ (dative plural)
strьžę (accusative singular)
strь̏ženi (accusative dual)
strьženà (accusative plural)
strь̏ženьmь (instrumental singular)
strьženьmà (dual instrumental)
strьžený (instrumental plural)
strь̏žene (locative singular)
strьženù (dual locative)
strьžènьxъ (locative plural)
strьžę (singular vocative)
strь̏ženi (dual vocative)
strьženà (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *strigē̃n ~ *strígenes.

inh

Alternative reconstruction of *strьžьnь (“core”)


strьžь

*strьžь (alternative)
*strьža (alternative)
strьžь (nominative singular)
strьža (dual nominative)
strьži (nominative plural)
strьža (genitive singular)
strьžu (dual genitive)
strьžь (genitive plural)
strьžu (dative singular)
strьžema (dative dual)
strьžemъ (dative plural)
strьžь (accusative singular)
strьža (accusative dual)
strьžę̇ (accusative plural)
strьžьmь (instrumental singular)
strьžemь (instrumental singular)
strьžema (dual instrumental)
strьži (instrumental plural)
strьži (locative singular)
strьžu (dual locative)
strьžixъ (locative plural)
strьžu (singular vocative)
strьža (dual vocative)
strьži (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: стреж (strež); (dialectal) стрежь f (strežʹ), стрежа́ f (strežá)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

desc

Cyrillic script: стр̏ж m (“core”) (dialectal); possibly ср̑ж f (“marrow”)

Latin script: stȑž m (“core”) (dialectal); possibly sȓž f (“marrow”)

Slovene: stȓž (tonal orthography) (dialectal)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: strziess (“swirling”)

Related to Proto-Slavic *strьžę̃ ~ *strь̏žьnь (“core, nucleus”). Possibly cognate with Swedish streke (“cental flux”), from Proto-Germanic *strikiz (“streak, line”).
Compare also Slovene stȍrž, stȑž (“cone, pillar”), seeminly from an yo-stem *strъžь.

cog

→ central flux of a river, stream (East, West Slavic)

→ marrow (of bones), heartwood (of tree stem) (South Slavic)


strьmь

*strьmъ (alternative)
*strьmьnъ (alternative)

South Slavic:

⇒ Bulgarian: стръм f (strǎm, “steep”) (poetic, fosilized substantivized form)

Not entirely clear, but the presiding opinion tends towards an archaic i-stem from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“rigid, erect”) or *(s)terh₁- (“to stiffen”) + *-ьmь (compare o-stems *-ьmъ, *-ьmo), related to Ancient Greek στερεός (stereós), στέριφος (stériphos, “solid, rigid”), στερέμνιος (sterémnios, “sturdy”), German stramm (“tight”). Sobolevsky, Mladenov have alternatively proposed possible derivation from Proto-Indo-European *srey- (“to flow, stream”) akin to Proto-Slavic *struja, *strumy (“stream”).
Machek further suggests possible kinship to Lithuanian tri̇̀mti (“to shiver”) (also meaning “to sink, to subside”), trem̃ti (“to exile”) < Proto-Indo-European *trem-.


strьmь

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: стрьмь (strĭmĭ)


strьmъ

strь̃mъ (canonical)
strьmъ (masculine nominative singular)
strьma (feminine nominative singular)
strьmo (neuter nominative singular)
strьma (genitive masculine singular)
strьmy (feminine genitive singular)
strьma (genitive neuter singular)
strьmu (dative masculine singular)
strьmě (dative feminine singular)
strьmu (dative neuter singular)
strьmъ (accusative masculine singular)
strьmǫ (accusative feminine singular)
strьmo (accusative neuter singular)
strьmomь (instrumental masculine singular)
strьmojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
strьmomь (instrumental neuter singular)
strьmě (locative masculine singular)
strьmě (feminine locative singular)
strьmě (locative neuter singular)
strьme (masculine singular vocative)
strьmo (feminine singular vocative)
strьmo (neuter singular vocative)
strьma (dual masculine nominative)
strьmě (dual feminine nominative)
strьmě (dual neuter nominative)
strьmu (dual genitive masculine)
strьmu (dual feminine genitive)
strьmu (dual genitive neuter)
strьmoma (dative dual masculine)
strьmama (dative dual feminine)
strьmoma (dative dual neuter)
strьma (accusative dual masculine)
strьmě (accusative dual feminine)
strьmě (accusative dual neuter)
strьmoma (dual instrumental masculine)
strьmama (dual feminine instrumental)
strьmoma (dual instrumental neuter)
strьmu (dual locative masculine)
strьmu (dual feminine locative)
strьmu (dual locative neuter)
strьma (dual masculine vocative)
strьmě (dual feminine vocative)
strьmě (dual neuter vocative)
strьmi (masculine nominative plural)
strьmy (feminine nominative plural)
strьma (neuter nominative plural)
strьmъ (genitive masculine plural)
strьmъ (feminine genitive plural)
strьmъ (genitive neuter plural)
strьmomъ (dative masculine plural)
strьmamъ (dative feminine plural)
strьmomъ (dative neuter plural)
strьmy (accusative masculine plural)
strьmy (accusative feminine plural)
strьma (accusative neuter plural)
strьmy (instrumental masculine plural)
strьmami (feminine instrumental plural)
strьmy (instrumental neuter plural)
strьměxъ (locative masculine plural)
strьmaxъ (feminine locative plural)
strьměxъ (locative neuter plural)
strьmi (masculine plural vocative)
strьmy (feminine plural vocative)
strьma (neuter plural vocative)
strьmъjь (masculine nominative singular)
strьmaja (feminine nominative singular)
strьmoje (neuter nominative singular)
strьmajego (genitive masculine singular)
strьmyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
strьmajego (genitive neuter singular)
strьmujemu (dative masculine singular)
strьměji (dative feminine singular)
strьmujemu (dative neuter singular)
strьmъjь (accusative masculine singular)
strьmǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
strьmoje (accusative neuter singular)
strьmyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
strьmǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
strьmyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
strьmějemь (locative masculine singular)
strьměji (feminine locative singular)
strьmějemь (locative neuter singular)
strьmъjь (masculine singular vocative)
strьmaja (feminine singular vocative)
strьmoje (neuter singular vocative)
strьmaja (dual masculine nominative)
strьměji (dual feminine nominative)
strьměji (dual neuter nominative)
strьmuju (dual genitive masculine)
strьmuju (dual feminine genitive)
strьmuju (dual genitive neuter)
strьmyjima (dative dual masculine)
strьmyjima (dative dual feminine)
strьmyjima (dative dual neuter)
strьmaja (accusative dual masculine)
strьměji (accusative dual feminine)
strьměji (accusative dual neuter)
strьmyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
strьmyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
strьmyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
strьmuju (dual locative masculine)
strьmuju (dual feminine locative)
strьmuju (dual locative neuter)
strьmaja (dual masculine vocative)
strьměji (dual feminine vocative)
strьměji (dual neuter vocative)
strьmiji (masculine nominative plural)
strьmyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
strьmaja (neuter nominative plural)
strьmъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
strьmъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
strьmъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
strьmyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
strьmyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
strьmyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
strьmyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
strьmyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
strьmaja (accusative neuter plural)
strьmyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
strьmyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
strьmyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
strьmyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
strьmyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
strьmyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
strьmiji (masculine plural vocative)
strьmyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
strьmaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: стрьмъ (strĭmŭ), стрьмо (strĭmo, “directly, straight”) (adverb)

Russian: стрёмый (strjómyj, “cunning”)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: стрьмъ (strĭmŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: стр̏м

Latin script: stȑm

Slovene: str̄m (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: strmý

Slovak: strmý

Superceded the earlier i-stem *strьmь + *-ъ (still attested as an indeclinable form in OCS). Attested with o-vocalism in Polish stromy and Belarusian стро́мы (strómy).
Besides the adjective, Russian also has an abstract noun стрём (strjom, “fear, anxiety”), ultimately of the same origin.


strьmьnъ

strьmьnъ (masculine nominative singular)
strьmьna (feminine nominative singular)
strьmьno (neuter nominative singular)
strьmьna (genitive masculine singular)
strьmьny (feminine genitive singular)
strьmьna (genitive neuter singular)
strьmьnu (dative masculine singular)
strьmьně (dative feminine singular)
strьmьnu (dative neuter singular)
strьmьnъ (accusative masculine singular)
strьmьnǫ (accusative feminine singular)
strьmьno (accusative neuter singular)
strьmьnomь (instrumental masculine singular)
strьmьnojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
strьmьnomь (instrumental neuter singular)
strьmьně (locative masculine singular)
strьmьně (feminine locative singular)
strьmьně (locative neuter singular)
strьmьne (masculine singular vocative)
strьmьno (feminine singular vocative)
strьmьno (neuter singular vocative)
strьmьna (dual masculine nominative)
strьmьně (dual feminine nominative)
strьmьně (dual neuter nominative)
strьmьnu (dual genitive masculine)
strьmьnu (dual feminine genitive)
strьmьnu (dual genitive neuter)
strьmьnoma (dative dual masculine)
strьmьnama (dative dual feminine)
strьmьnoma (dative dual neuter)
strьmьna (accusative dual masculine)
strьmьně (accusative dual feminine)
strьmьně (accusative dual neuter)
strьmьnoma (dual instrumental masculine)
strьmьnama (dual feminine instrumental)
strьmьnoma (dual instrumental neuter)
strьmьnu (dual locative masculine)
strьmьnu (dual feminine locative)
strьmьnu (dual locative neuter)
strьmьna (dual masculine vocative)
strьmьně (dual feminine vocative)
strьmьně (dual neuter vocative)
strьmьni (masculine nominative plural)
strьmьny (feminine nominative plural)
strьmьna (neuter nominative plural)
strьmьnъ (genitive masculine plural)
strьmьnъ (feminine genitive plural)
strьmьnъ (genitive neuter plural)
strьmьnomъ (dative masculine plural)
strьmьnamъ (dative feminine plural)
strьmьnomъ (dative neuter plural)
strьmьny (accusative masculine plural)
strьmьny (accusative feminine plural)
strьmьna (accusative neuter plural)
strьmьny (instrumental masculine plural)
strьmьnami (feminine instrumental plural)
strьmьny (instrumental neuter plural)
strьmьněxъ (locative masculine plural)
strьmьnaxъ (feminine locative plural)
strьmьněxъ (locative neuter plural)
strьmьni (masculine plural vocative)
strьmьny (feminine plural vocative)
strьmьna (neuter plural vocative)
strьmьnъjь (masculine nominative singular)
strьmьnaja (feminine nominative singular)
strьmьnoje (neuter nominative singular)
strьmьnajego (genitive masculine singular)
strьmьnyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
strьmьnajego (genitive neuter singular)
strьmьnujemu (dative masculine singular)
strьmьněji (dative feminine singular)
strьmьnujemu (dative neuter singular)
strьmьnъjь (accusative masculine singular)
strьmьnǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
strьmьnoje (accusative neuter singular)
strьmьnyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
strьmьnǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
strьmьnyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
strьmьnějemь (locative masculine singular)
strьmьněji (feminine locative singular)
strьmьnějemь (locative neuter singular)
strьmьnъjь (masculine singular vocative)
strьmьnaja (feminine singular vocative)
strьmьnoje (neuter singular vocative)
strьmьnaja (dual masculine nominative)
strьmьněji (dual feminine nominative)
strьmьněji (dual neuter nominative)
strьmьnuju (dual genitive masculine)
strьmьnuju (dual feminine genitive)
strьmьnuju (dual genitive neuter)
strьmьnyjima (dative dual masculine)
strьmьnyjima (dative dual feminine)
strьmьnyjima (dative dual neuter)
strьmьnaja (accusative dual masculine)
strьmьněji (accusative dual feminine)
strьmьněji (accusative dual neuter)
strьmьnyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
strьmьnyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
strьmьnyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
strьmьnuju (dual locative masculine)
strьmьnuju (dual feminine locative)
strьmьnuju (dual locative neuter)
strьmьnaja (dual masculine vocative)
strьmьněji (dual feminine vocative)
strьmьněji (dual neuter vocative)
strьmьniji (masculine nominative plural)
strьmьnyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
strьmьnaja (neuter nominative plural)
strьmьnъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
strьmьnъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
strьmьnъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
strьmьnyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
strьmьnyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
strьmьnyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
strьmьnyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
strьmьnyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
strьmьnaja (accusative neuter plural)
strьmьnyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
strьmьnyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
strьmьnyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
strьmьnyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
strьmьnyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
strьmьnyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
strьmьniji (masculine plural vocative)
strьmьnyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
strьmьnaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: стрёмный (strjómnyj, “scary”) (slang)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: стръ́мен (strǎ́men)

Macedonian: стрмен (strmen)


dъťьka

dъťьkà (canonical feminine)
dъťьkà (nominative singular)
dъ̏ťьcě (dual nominative)
dъ̏ťьky (nominative plural)
dъťьký (genitive singular)
dъťьkù (dual genitive)
dъťь̀kъ (genitive plural)
dъťьcě̀ (dative singular)
dъťьkàma (dative dual)
dъťьkàmъ (dative plural)
dъ̏ťьkǫ (accusative singular)
dъ̏ťьcě (accusative dual)
dъ̏ťьky (accusative plural)
dъťьkojǫ́ (instrumental singular)
dъťьkàma (dual instrumental)
dъťьkàmi (instrumental plural)
dъ̏ťьcě (locative singular)
dъťьkù (dual locative)
dъťьkàsъ (locative plural)
dъťьkàxъ (locative plural)
dъťьko (singular vocative)
dъ̏ťьcě (dual vocative)
dъ̏ťьky (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: дъчька́ (dŭčĭká)

Old Ruthenian: дочка́ (dočká), дочька́ (dočʹká)

Belarusian: дачка́ (dačká)

Carpathian Rusyn: дочка́ (dočká)

Ukrainian: дочка́ (dočká)

Middle Russian: до́чка (dóčka)

Russian: до́чка (dóčka)

From *dъ̏ťi (“daughter”) + *-ьka (“diminutive suffix”).

af

Naukova Dumka
uk:Білодід Іван Костянтинович
uk:Гринчишин Дмитро Григорович
uk:Словник української мови в 11 томах


kusiti

kùsiti (canonical imperfective perfective)
*kusati (alternative)
b (accent-paradigm)
kušenьje (noun-from-verb)
kusiti (infinitive)
kusitъ (supine)
kusilъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
kušenъ (participle passive past)
kusimъ (participle passive present)
kušь (active participle past)
kusę (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
kusixъ (aorist first-person singular)
kusi (aorist second-person singular)
kusi (aorist singular third-person)
kušǫ (first-person present singular)
kusiši (present second-person singular)
kusitь (present singular third-person)
kusixově (aorist dual first-person)
kusista (aorist dual second-person)
kusiste (aorist dual third-person)
kusivě (dual first-person present)
kusita (dual present second-person)
kusite (dual present third-person)
kusixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
kusiste (aorist plural second-person)
kusišę (aorist plural third-person)
kusimъ (first-person plural present)
kusite (plural present second-person)
kusętь (plural present third-person)
kušaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
kušaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
kušaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
kusi (imperative second-person singular)
kusi (imperative singular third-person)
kušaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
kušaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
kušaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
kusivě (dual first-person imperative)
kusita (dual imperative second-person)
kušaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
kušaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
kušaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
kusimъ (first-person imperative plural)
kusite (imperative plural second-person)

Borrowed from Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽 (kausjan). Brückner and Sławski do not exclude possible influence from native *kǫsati (“to take a bite”).
Bulgarian dialects also exhibit meaning “to scoop, to take up” (whence куся́м impf (kusjám, “to scoop with a spoon/laddle, to sip”), куса́ло (kusálo, “laddle”)).

(with perfective) to probe, to degustate → to taste

→ кусити

Old Church Slavonic: коусити (kusiti); Russian Church Slavonic

(with imperfective) to trial, to sample, to put under scrutiny


ženъka

žènъka (canonical feminine)
ženъka (nominative singular)
ženъcě (dual nominative)
ženъky (nominative plural)
ženъky (genitive singular)
ženъku (dual genitive)
ženъkъ (genitive plural)
ženъcě (dative singular)
ženъkama (dative dual)
ženъkamъ (dative plural)
ženъkǫ (accusative singular)
ženъcě (accusative dual)
ženъky (accusative plural)
ženъkojǫ (instrumental singular)
ženъkǫ (instrumental singular)
ženъkama (dual instrumental)
ženъkami (instrumental plural)
ženъcě (locative singular)
ženъku (dual locative)
ženъkasъ (locative plural)
ženъkaxъ (locative plural)
ženъko (singular vocative)
ženъcě (dual vocative)
ženъky (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: женъка (ženŭka), жонъка (žonŭka)
Old Ruthenian: жо́нка (žónka), жѡ́нка (žốnka), жу́нка (žúnka), жи́нка (žínka) — Middle Ukrainian, же́нка (žénka) — archaic form
Belarusian: жо́нка (žónka); (dialectal) жынка (žynka)
Carpathian Rusyn: жу́нка (žúnka)
Ukrainian: жі́нка (žínka); (dialectal) жо́нка (žónka), жу́нка (žúnka), жи́нка (žýnka)
Russian: (dialectal) жёнка (žónka)

Old Novgorodian: жонъка (žonŭka)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: жѐнка (žènka)

Macedonian: женка (ženka)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: же̑нка

Latin script: žȇnka

Slovene: ženka

West Slavic:

Polish: żonka

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: žonka

From *ženà (“woman; wife”) + *-ъka (“diminutive suffix”).


kъrnъ

kъ̑rnъ (canonical)
kъrnъ (masculine nominative singular)
kъrna (feminine nominative singular)
kъrno (neuter nominative singular)
kъrna (genitive masculine singular)
kъrny (feminine genitive singular)
kъrna (genitive neuter singular)
kъrnu (dative masculine singular)
kъrně (dative feminine singular)
kъrnu (dative neuter singular)
kъrnъ (accusative masculine singular)
kъrnǫ (accusative feminine singular)
kъrno (accusative neuter singular)
kъrnomь (instrumental masculine singular)
kъrnojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
kъrnomь (instrumental neuter singular)
kъrně (locative masculine singular)
kъrně (feminine locative singular)
kъrně (locative neuter singular)
kъrne (masculine singular vocative)
kъrno (feminine singular vocative)
kъrno (neuter singular vocative)
kъrna (dual masculine nominative)
kъrně (dual feminine nominative)
kъrně (dual neuter nominative)
kъrnu (dual genitive masculine)
kъrnu (dual feminine genitive)
kъrnu (dual genitive neuter)
kъrnoma (dative dual masculine)
kъrnama (dative dual feminine)
kъrnoma (dative dual neuter)
kъrna (accusative dual masculine)
kъrně (accusative dual feminine)
kъrně (accusative dual neuter)
kъrnoma (dual instrumental masculine)
kъrnama (dual feminine instrumental)
kъrnoma (dual instrumental neuter)
kъrnu (dual locative masculine)
kъrnu (dual feminine locative)
kъrnu (dual locative neuter)
kъrna (dual masculine vocative)
kъrně (dual feminine vocative)
kъrně (dual neuter vocative)
kъrni (masculine nominative plural)
kъrny (feminine nominative plural)
kъrna (neuter nominative plural)
kъrnъ (genitive masculine plural)
kъrnъ (feminine genitive plural)
kъrnъ (genitive neuter plural)
kъrnomъ (dative masculine plural)
kъrnamъ (dative feminine plural)
kъrnomъ (dative neuter plural)
kъrny (accusative masculine plural)
kъrny (accusative feminine plural)
kъrna (accusative neuter plural)
kъrny (instrumental masculine plural)
kъrnami (feminine instrumental plural)
kъrny (instrumental neuter plural)
kъrněxъ (locative masculine plural)
kъrnaxъ (feminine locative plural)
kъrněxъ (locative neuter plural)
kъrni (masculine plural vocative)
kъrny (feminine plural vocative)
kъrna (neuter plural vocative)
kъrnъjь (masculine nominative singular)
kъrnaja (feminine nominative singular)
kъrnoje (neuter nominative singular)
kъrnajego (genitive masculine singular)
kъrnyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
kъrnajego (genitive neuter singular)
kъrnujemu (dative masculine singular)
kъrněji (dative feminine singular)
kъrnujemu (dative neuter singular)
kъrnъjь (accusative masculine singular)
kъrnǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
kъrnoje (accusative neuter singular)
kъrnyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
kъrnǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
kъrnyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
kъrnějemь (locative masculine singular)
kъrněji (feminine locative singular)
kъrnějemь (locative neuter singular)
kъrnъjь (masculine singular vocative)
kъrnaja (feminine singular vocative)
kъrnoje (neuter singular vocative)
kъrnaja (dual masculine nominative)
kъrněji (dual feminine nominative)
kъrněji (dual neuter nominative)
kъrnuju (dual genitive masculine)
kъrnuju (dual feminine genitive)
kъrnuju (dual genitive neuter)
kъrnyjima (dative dual masculine)
kъrnyjima (dative dual feminine)
kъrnyjima (dative dual neuter)
kъrnaja (accusative dual masculine)
kъrněji (accusative dual feminine)
kъrněji (accusative dual neuter)
kъrnyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
kъrnyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
kъrnyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
kъrnuju (dual locative masculine)
kъrnuju (dual feminine locative)
kъrnuju (dual locative neuter)
kъrnaja (dual masculine vocative)
kъrněji (dual feminine vocative)
kъrněji (dual neuter vocative)
kъrniji (masculine nominative plural)
kъrnyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
kъrnaja (neuter nominative plural)
kъrnъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
kъrnъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
kъrnъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
kъrnyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
kъrnyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
kъrnyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
kъrnyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
kъrnyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
kъrnaja (accusative neuter plural)
kъrnyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
kъrnyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
kъrnyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
kъrnyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
kъrnyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
kъrnyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
kъrniji (masculine plural vocative)
kъrnyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
kъrnaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: кърнъ (kŭrnŭ)

desc

Russian: ко́рный (kórnyj), корно́й (kornój)

Ukrainian: ко́рний (kórnyj) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: крънъ (krŭnŭ)

Bulgarian: крън (krǎn), кърн (kǎrn) (dialectal)

Macedonian: крн (krn)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кр̑н

Latin script: kȓn

Slovene: kr̀n (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Polish: kierny (dialectal)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kúrnas or *kúrˀnas, cognate with Latvian kur̃ns (“deaf”). Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”) + *-nъ, but in view of Sanskrit कीर्ण (kīrṇa, “injured, hurt”), Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (kar^əna, “deaf”), origin from *(s)kerH- (“to crop, to injure”) has been proposed instead.

→ chipped, broken

→ impaired in some manner (tailless, hornless for animals; eyeless, earless, noseless, crippled for person)


glazikъ

glazikъ (nominative singular)
glazika (dual nominative)
glazici (nominative plural)
glazika (genitive singular)
glaziku (dual genitive)
glazikъ (genitive plural)
glaziku (dative singular)
glazikoma (dative dual)
glazikomъ (dative plural)
glazikъ (accusative singular)
glazika (accusative dual)
glaziky (accusative plural)
glazikъmь (instrumental singular)
glazikomь (instrumental singular)
glazikoma (dual instrumental)
glaziky (instrumental plural)
glazicě (locative singular)
glaziku (dual locative)
glazicěxъ (locative plural)
glaziče (singular vocative)
glazika (dual vocative)
glazici (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: глазики pl (glaziki, “pattern on material or clothing”) (dialectal)

West Slavic:

Old Polish: głazik

Polish: głazik (“pebble”) (dialectal)


glazьcь

glazьcь (nominative singular)
glazьca (dual nominative)
glazьci (nominative plural)
glazьca (genitive singular)
glazьcu (dual genitive)
glazьcь (genitive plural)
glazьcu (dative singular)
glazьcema (dative dual)
glazьcemъ (dative plural)
glazьcь (accusative singular)
glazьca (accusative dual)
glazьcę̇ (accusative plural)
glazьcьmь (instrumental singular)
glazьcemь (instrumental singular)
glazьcema (dual instrumental)
glazьci (instrumental plural)
glazьci (locative singular)
glazьcu (dual locative)
glazьcixъ (locative plural)
glazьče (singular vocative)
glazьca (dual vocative)
glazьci (plural vocative)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: hlа́zec (“pebble”)


glazъkъ

glazъkъ (nominative singular)
glazъka (dual nominative)
glazъci (nominative plural)
glazъka (genitive singular)
glazъku (dual genitive)
glazъkъ (genitive plural)
glazъku (dative singular)
glazъkoma (dative dual)
glazъkomъ (dative plural)
glazъkъ (accusative singular)
glazъka (accusative dual)
glazъky (accusative plural)
glazъkъmь (instrumental singular)
glazъkomь (instrumental singular)
glazъkoma (dual instrumental)
glazъky (instrumental plural)
glazъcě (locative singular)
glazъku (dual locative)
glazъcěxъ (locative plural)
glazъče (singular vocative)
glazъka (dual vocative)
glazъci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: глазъкъ (glazŭkŭ), глазокъ (glazokŭ, “small ball”), глазкꙑ pl (glazky)

Belarusian: глазкі pl (hlazki) (dialectal)

Russian: глазо́к (glazók), глазки́ pl (glazkí) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: глазок (hlazok), глазки́ pl (hlazký, “iron sinkers for seine”) (dialectal)

⇒ Ukrainian: лазо́к (lazók, “metal sinker in fishing net”)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: hlа́zek (“type of stone”)

Polish: głazek (“small stone”) (Lesser Poland dialect)


stьbъ

stьbъ (nominative singular)
stьba (dual nominative)
stьbi (nominative plural)
stьba (genitive singular)
stьbu (dual genitive)
stьbъ (genitive plural)
stьbu (dative singular)
stьboma (dative dual)
stьbomъ (dative plural)
stьbъ (accusative singular)
stьba (accusative dual)
stьby (accusative plural)
stьbъmь (instrumental singular)
stьbomь (instrumental singular)
stьboma (dual instrumental)
stьby (instrumental plural)
stьbě (locative singular)
stьbu (dual locative)
stьběxъ (locative plural)
stьbe (singular vocative)
stьba (dual vocative)
stьbi (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *st(е)ibas, from Proto-Indo-European *steib(ʰ)- or *stib(ʰ)- (“stem, cane”), from *stebʰ- (“to harden, stiffen; pole, stalk”). Cognate with Lithuanian sti̇́ebas (“pole, mast”), Sanskrit स्तिभि (stíbhi, “bunch, tuft”), and perhaps Latin tībia (“shinbone”), Ancient Greek σταφυλή (staphulḗ, “bunch of grapes”).

cog

stьblьje

*stьblь m / *stьblò n (“stem, stalk, trunk”)


stьblьje

stьblьje (nominative singular)
stьblьji (dual nominative)
stьblьja (nominative plural)
stьblьja (genitive singular)
stьblьju (dual genitive)
stьblьjь (genitive plural)
stьblьju (dative singular)
stьblьjema (dative dual)
stьblьjemъ (dative plural)
stьblьje (accusative singular)
stьblьji (accusative dual)
stьblьja (accusative plural)
stьblьjьmь (instrumental singular)
stьblьjemь (instrumental singular)
stьblьjema (dual instrumental)
stьblьji (instrumental plural)
stьblьji (locative singular)
stьblьju (dual locative)
stьblьjixъ (locative plural)
stьblьje (singular vocative)
stьblьji (dual vocative)
stьblьja (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: стьблиѥ (stĭblije), стеблиѥ (steblije), стеблие (steblije, “straw”)

Old Ruthenian: стеблїє (steblije), стебельє (stebelʹje, “straw”)

>? Ukrainian: стебе́лля (stebéllja); стеби́ля (stebýlja) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: стьблиѥ (stĭblije, “straw”)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱅⱐⰱⰾⰺⰵ (stĭblie, “straw”)

From *stьblь m or *stьblò n (“stem, stalk, trunk”) + *-ьje.


ěpa

ě̀pa (canonical feminine)
ě̀pa (nominative singular)
ěpě (dual nominative)
ěpy (nominative plural)
ěpy (genitive singular)
ěpu (dual genitive)
ěpъ (genitive plural)
ěpě (dative singular)
ěpama (dative dual)
ěpamъ (dative plural)
ěpǫ (accusative singular)
ěpě (accusative dual)
ěpy (accusative plural)
ěpojǫ (instrumental singular)
ěpǫ (instrumental singular)
ěpama (dual instrumental)
ěpami (instrumental plural)
ěpě (locative singular)
ěpu (dual locative)
ěpasъ (locative plural)
ěpaxъ (locative plural)
ě̀po (singular vocative)
ěpě (dual vocative)
ěpy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: я́па (jápa), уя́па (ujápa, “hernia in cattle; burl, tree growth”) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: я́па (jápa, “burl, tree growth; tumor in body”) (Eastern and Central Polissian dialect)

⇒ Ukrainian: я́пина (jápyna, “burl”) (dialectal)

⇒ Ukrainian: япинува́тий (japynuvátyj, “burl-covered (tree)”) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

⇒ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ја́пити (“be open (wound or door)”)

Latin script: jápiti (“be open (wound or door)”)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ēpāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *oypeh₂.
Baltic cognates include Latvian iẽpa (“blister on the skin”).


misъka

mìsъka (canonical feminine)
mìsъka (nominative singular)
mìsъcě (dual nominative)
mìsъky (nominative plural)
mìsъky (genitive singular)
mìsъku (dual genitive)
mìsъkъ (genitive plural)
mìsъcě (dative singular)
mìsъkama (dative dual)
mìsъkamъ (dative plural)
mìsъkǫ (accusative singular)
mìsъcě (accusative dual)
mìsъky (accusative plural)
mìsъkojǫ (instrumental singular)
mìsъkǭ (instrumental singular)
mìsъkama (dual instrumental)
mìsъkamī (instrumental plural)
mìsъcě (locative singular)
mìsъku (dual locative)
mìsъkasъ (locative plural)
mìsъkaxъ (locative plural)
mìsъko (singular vocative)
mìsъcě (dual vocative)
mìsъky (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ми́ска (míska)

Old Ruthenian: ми́ска (míska)

Belarusian: мі́ска (míska); мы́ска (mýska), мэ́ска (méska) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: ми́ска (mýska)

Russian: ми́ска (míska); мь́скъ (mʹ́sk) (Old Believers dialect)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: miska

Czech: míska, miska

Polish: miska; mńiska (dialectal)

Pomeranian:

Slovincian: mjiska

Slovak: miska

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: miska (obsolete)

Originally a diminutive form of *mìsa (“bowl”) + *-ъka (“diminutive suffix”).


Semь

Semь (nominative singular)
Semь (accusative singular)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: Семь (Semĭ), Сѣмь (Sěmĭ)

Old Ruthenian: Семь (Semʹ), Семъ (Sem)

Belarusian: Сейм (Sjejm)

Ukrainian: Сейм (Sejm)

Russian: Семь (Semʹ), Сеимъ (Seim), Сеймъ (Sejm) (Pre-reform orthography (1918))

Russian: Сейм (Sejm); Семь (Semʹ), Сем (Sem) (Kursk subdialects)

Probably an Iranian origin, borrowed from Scythian, further from Proto-Iranian *cyaHmáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaHmás (“black”), originally meaning “black, dark river”.
Cognates include Avestan 𐬯𐬁𐬨𐬀 (sāma, “black”), Sanskrit श्याम (śyāmá, “black, dark-coloured, dark blue”).