xoldьnъ

xoldьnъ (masculine nominative singular)
xoldьna (feminine nominative singular)
xoldьno (neuter nominative singular)
xoldьna (genitive masculine singular)
xoldьny (feminine genitive singular)
xoldьna (genitive neuter singular)
xoldьnu (dative masculine singular)
xoldьně (dative feminine singular)
xoldьnu (dative neuter singular)
xoldьnъ (accusative masculine singular)
xoldьnǫ (accusative feminine singular)
xoldьno (accusative neuter singular)
xoldьnomь (instrumental masculine singular)
xoldьnojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
xoldьnomь (instrumental neuter singular)
xoldьně (locative masculine singular)
xoldьně (feminine locative singular)
xoldьně (locative neuter singular)
xoldьne (masculine singular vocative)
xoldьno (feminine singular vocative)
xoldьno (neuter singular vocative)
xoldьna (dual masculine nominative)
xoldьně (dual feminine nominative)
xoldьně (dual neuter nominative)
xoldьnu (dual genitive masculine)
xoldьnu (dual feminine genitive)
xoldьnu (dual genitive neuter)
xoldьnoma (dative dual masculine)
xoldьnama (dative dual feminine)
xoldьnoma (dative dual neuter)
xoldьna (accusative dual masculine)
xoldьně (accusative dual feminine)
xoldьně (accusative dual neuter)
xoldьnoma (dual instrumental masculine)
xoldьnama (dual feminine instrumental)
xoldьnoma (dual instrumental neuter)
xoldьnu (dual locative masculine)
xoldьnu (dual feminine locative)
xoldьnu (dual locative neuter)
xoldьna (dual masculine vocative)
xoldьně (dual feminine vocative)
xoldьně (dual neuter vocative)
xoldьni (masculine nominative plural)
xoldьny (feminine nominative plural)
xoldьna (neuter nominative plural)
xoldьnъ (genitive masculine plural)
xoldьnъ (feminine genitive plural)
xoldьnъ (genitive neuter plural)
xoldьnomъ (dative masculine plural)
xoldьnamъ (dative feminine plural)
xoldьnomъ (dative neuter plural)
xoldьny (accusative masculine plural)
xoldьny (accusative feminine plural)
xoldьna (accusative neuter plural)
xoldьny (instrumental masculine plural)
xoldьnami (feminine instrumental plural)
xoldьny (instrumental neuter plural)
xoldьněxъ (locative masculine plural)
xoldьnaxъ (feminine locative plural)
xoldьněxъ (locative neuter plural)
xoldьni (masculine plural vocative)
xoldьny (feminine plural vocative)
xoldьna (neuter plural vocative)
xoldьnъjь (masculine nominative singular)
xoldьnaja (feminine nominative singular)
xoldьnoje (neuter nominative singular)
xoldьnajego (genitive masculine singular)
xoldьnyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
xoldьnajego (genitive neuter singular)
xoldьnujemu (dative masculine singular)
xoldьněji (dative feminine singular)
xoldьnujemu (dative neuter singular)
xoldьnъjь (accusative masculine singular)
xoldьnǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
xoldьnoje (accusative neuter singular)
xoldьnyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
xoldьnǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
xoldьnyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
xoldьnějemь (locative masculine singular)
xoldьněji (feminine locative singular)
xoldьnějemь (locative neuter singular)
xoldьnъjь (masculine singular vocative)
xoldьnaja (feminine singular vocative)
xoldьnoje (neuter singular vocative)
xoldьnaja (dual masculine nominative)
xoldьněji (dual feminine nominative)
xoldьněji (dual neuter nominative)
xoldьnuju (dual genitive masculine)
xoldьnuju (dual feminine genitive)
xoldьnuju (dual genitive neuter)
xoldьnyjima (dative dual masculine)
xoldьnyjima (dative dual feminine)
xoldьnyjima (dative dual neuter)
xoldьnaja (accusative dual masculine)
xoldьněji (accusative dual feminine)
xoldьněji (accusative dual neuter)
xoldьnyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
xoldьnyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
xoldьnyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
xoldьnuju (dual locative masculine)
xoldьnuju (dual feminine locative)
xoldьnuju (dual locative neuter)
xoldьnaja (dual masculine vocative)
xoldьněji (dual feminine vocative)
xoldьněji (dual neuter vocative)
xoldьniji (masculine nominative plural)
xoldьnyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
xoldьnaja (neuter nominative plural)
xoldьnъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
xoldьnъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
xoldьnъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
xoldьnyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
xoldьnyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
xoldьnyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
xoldьnyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
xoldьnyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
xoldьnaja (accusative neuter plural)
xoldьnyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
xoldьnyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
xoldьnyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
xoldьnyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
xoldьnyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
xoldьnyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
xoldьniji (masculine plural vocative)
xoldьnyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
xoldьnaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: хало́дны (xalódny)

Russian: холо́дный (xolódnyj)

Ukrainian: холо́дний (xolódnyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: хладьнъ (xladĭnŭ)

→ Russian: хла́дный (xládnyj) (poetic)

Bulgarian: хла́ден (hláden)

Macedonian: ладен (laden)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: хла́дан

Latin script: hládan

Slovene: hlȃdən (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: chłodny

Old Czech: chladný

Czech: chladný

Polish: chłodny

Old Slovak: chladný

Pannonian Rusyn: хладни (xladni)

Slovak: chladný

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: chłodny

Upper Sorbian: chłódny


xormъ

xormъ (nominative singular)
xorma (dual nominative)
xormi (nominative plural)
xorma (genitive singular)
xormu (dual genitive)
xormъ (genitive plural)
xormu (dative singular)
xormoma (dative dual)
xormomъ (dative plural)
xormъ (accusative singular)
xorma (accusative dual)
xormy (accusative plural)
xormъmь (instrumental singular)
xormomь (instrumental singular)
xormoma (dual instrumental)
xormy (instrumental plural)
xormě (locative singular)
xormu (dual locative)
xorměxъ (locative plural)
xorme (singular vocative)
xorma (dual vocative)
xormi (plural vocative)

Old East Slavic: хоромъ (xoromŭ)

Belarusian: хо́рам (xóram)

desc

Russian: хоро́мы (xorómy) (plurale tantum)

Ukrainian: хоро́м (xoróm), хоро́ми (xorómy) (plurale tantum)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: храмъ (xramŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱈⱃⰰⰿⱏ (xramŭ)

Bulgarian: храм (hram)

Macedonian: храм (hram)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: хра̑м

Latin script: hrȃm

Slovene: hràm (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: chrám

Czech: chrám

Slovak: chrám

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: chrom

Non-Slavic:

→ Romanian: hram

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kormós.
Cognate with Ancient Greek κορμός (kormós, “trunk of tree, log of timber”).


čepьcь

čepьcь (nominative singular)
čepьca (dual nominative)
čepьci (nominative plural)
čepьca (genitive singular)
čepьcu (dual genitive)
čepьcь (genitive plural)
čepьcu (dative singular)
čepьcema (dative dual)
čepьcemъ (dative plural)
čepьcь (accusative singular)
čepьca (accusative dual)
čepьcę̇ (accusative plural)
čepьcьmь (instrumental singular)
čepьcemь (instrumental singular)
čepьcema (dual instrumental)
čepьci (instrumental plural)
čepьci (locative singular)
čepьcu (dual locative)
čepьcixъ (locative plural)
čepьče (singular vocative)
čepьca (dual vocative)
čepьci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: чепьць (čepĭcĭ)

Belarusian: чапе́ц (čapjéc)

Russian: чепе́ц (čepéc)

Ukrainian: чепе́ць (čepécʹ)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чѐпац

Latin script: čèpac

Slovene: čȇpec

West Slavic:

Old Czech: čepec

Czech: čepec

desctree

Old Polish: czepiec
Polish: czepiec
Silesian: czepiec

Slovak: čepiec

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: copc, cepc (dialectal)

Upper Sorbian: čěpc

Compare Lithuanian kepùrė, Latvian cepure. Probably from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kep- (“to ditch, to chop”), akin to Proto-Slavic *kopati (“to dig”), Proto-Slavic *skopiti (“to castrate”).


porzdьnъ

porzdьnъ (masculine nominative singular)
porzdьna (feminine nominative singular)
porzdьno (neuter nominative singular)
porzdьna (genitive masculine singular)
porzdьny (feminine genitive singular)
porzdьna (genitive neuter singular)
porzdьnu (dative masculine singular)
porzdьně (dative feminine singular)
porzdьnu (dative neuter singular)
porzdьnъ (accusative masculine singular)
porzdьnǫ (accusative feminine singular)
porzdьno (accusative neuter singular)
porzdьnomь (instrumental masculine singular)
porzdьnojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
porzdьnomь (instrumental neuter singular)
porzdьně (locative masculine singular)
porzdьně (feminine locative singular)
porzdьně (locative neuter singular)
porzdьne (masculine singular vocative)
porzdьno (feminine singular vocative)
porzdьno (neuter singular vocative)
porzdьna (dual masculine nominative)
porzdьně (dual feminine nominative)
porzdьně (dual neuter nominative)
porzdьnu (dual genitive masculine)
porzdьnu (dual feminine genitive)
porzdьnu (dual genitive neuter)
porzdьnoma (dative dual masculine)
porzdьnama (dative dual feminine)
porzdьnoma (dative dual neuter)
porzdьna (accusative dual masculine)
porzdьně (accusative dual feminine)
porzdьně (accusative dual neuter)
porzdьnoma (dual instrumental masculine)
porzdьnama (dual feminine instrumental)
porzdьnoma (dual instrumental neuter)
porzdьnu (dual locative masculine)
porzdьnu (dual feminine locative)
porzdьnu (dual locative neuter)
porzdьna (dual masculine vocative)
porzdьně (dual feminine vocative)
porzdьně (dual neuter vocative)
porzdьni (masculine nominative plural)
porzdьny (feminine nominative plural)
porzdьna (neuter nominative plural)
porzdьnъ (genitive masculine plural)
porzdьnъ (feminine genitive plural)
porzdьnъ (genitive neuter plural)
porzdьnomъ (dative masculine plural)
porzdьnamъ (dative feminine plural)
porzdьnomъ (dative neuter plural)
porzdьny (accusative masculine plural)
porzdьny (accusative feminine plural)
porzdьna (accusative neuter plural)
porzdьny (instrumental masculine plural)
porzdьnami (feminine instrumental plural)
porzdьny (instrumental neuter plural)
porzdьněxъ (locative masculine plural)
porzdьnaxъ (feminine locative plural)
porzdьněxъ (locative neuter plural)
porzdьni (masculine plural vocative)
porzdьny (feminine plural vocative)
porzdьna (neuter plural vocative)
porzdьnъjь (masculine nominative singular)
porzdьnaja (feminine nominative singular)
porzdьnoje (neuter nominative singular)
porzdьnajego (genitive masculine singular)
porzdьnyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
porzdьnajego (genitive neuter singular)
porzdьnujemu (dative masculine singular)
porzdьněji (dative feminine singular)
porzdьnujemu (dative neuter singular)
porzdьnъjь (accusative masculine singular)
porzdьnǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
porzdьnoje (accusative neuter singular)
porzdьnyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
porzdьnǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
porzdьnyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
porzdьnějemь (locative masculine singular)
porzdьněji (feminine locative singular)
porzdьnějemь (locative neuter singular)
porzdьnъjь (masculine singular vocative)
porzdьnaja (feminine singular vocative)
porzdьnoje (neuter singular vocative)
porzdьnaja (dual masculine nominative)
porzdьněji (dual feminine nominative)
porzdьněji (dual neuter nominative)
porzdьnuju (dual genitive masculine)
porzdьnuju (dual feminine genitive)
porzdьnuju (dual genitive neuter)
porzdьnyjima (dative dual masculine)
porzdьnyjima (dative dual feminine)
porzdьnyjima (dative dual neuter)
porzdьnaja (accusative dual masculine)
porzdьněji (accusative dual feminine)
porzdьněji (accusative dual neuter)
porzdьnyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
porzdьnyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
porzdьnyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
porzdьnuju (dual locative masculine)
porzdьnuju (dual feminine locative)
porzdьnuju (dual locative neuter)
porzdьnaja (dual masculine vocative)
porzdьněji (dual feminine vocative)
porzdьněji (dual neuter vocative)
porzdьniji (masculine nominative plural)
porzdьnyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
porzdьnaja (neuter nominative plural)
porzdьnъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
porzdьnъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
porzdьnъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
porzdьnyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
porzdьnyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
porzdьnyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
porzdьnyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
porzdьnyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
porzdьnaja (accusative neuter plural)
porzdьnyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
porzdьnyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
porzdьnyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
porzdьnyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
porzdьnyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
porzdьnyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
porzdьniji (masculine plural vocative)
porzdьnyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
porzdьnaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: пороздьнъ (porozdĭnŭ)

South Slavic:

desc

Old Church Slavonic: праздьнъ (prazdĭnŭ)

→ Russian: пра́здный (prázdnyj)

Bulgarian: пра́зен (prázen), пра́зден (prázden) (archaic)

Macedonian: празен (prazen)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пра́зан

Latin script: prázan

Slovene: prázen (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: prázdný, prázný

Czech: prázdný

→ Hungarian: parázna

desctree

Old Polish: prózny, próżn, próżen, próźni
Polish: próżny
Silesian: prōzny

Old Slovak: prázdny, prázny

Slovak: prázdny

Pannonian Rusyn: празни (prazni)

Pomeranian:

Slovincian: próżny

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: prózdny, prózny

Old Lower Sorbian: prozdny

Lower Sorbian: prozny


solma

sòlma (canonical feminine)
sòlma (nominative singular)
sòlmě (dual nominative)
sòlmy (nominative plural)
sòlmy (genitive singular)
sòlmu (dual genitive)
sòlmъ (genitive plural)
sòlmě (dative singular)
sòlmama (dative dual)
sòlmamъ (dative plural)
sòlmǫ (accusative singular)
sòlmě (accusative dual)
sòlmy (accusative plural)
sòlmojǫ (instrumental singular)
sòlmǭ (instrumental singular)
sòlmama (dual instrumental)
sòlmamī (instrumental plural)
sòlmě (locative singular)
sòlmu (dual locative)
sòlmasъ (locative plural)
sòlmaxъ (locative plural)
sòlmo (singular vocative)
sòlmě (dual vocative)
sòlmy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: солома (soloma)

Belarusian: сало́ма (salóma)

Russian: соло́ма (solóma)

Ukrainian: соло́ма (solóma)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: сла́ма (sláma)

Macedonian: сла́ма (sláma)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сла̏ма

Latin script: slȁma

Slovene: sláma

West Slavic:

Old Czech: sláma

Czech: sláma

Polabian: slåmă

Polish: słoma

Slovak: slama

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: słoma

Upper Sorbian: słoma

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śálˀmāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱólh₂meh₂. Cognate with Latvian sal̃ms, Old Prussian salme, Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos), Latin culmus, Proto-Germanic *halmaz.


pelva

pèlva (canonical feminine)
pèlva (nominative singular)
pèlvě (dual nominative)
pèlvy (nominative plural)
pèlvy (genitive singular)
pèlvu (dual genitive)
pèlvъ (genitive plural)
pèlvě (dative singular)
pèlvama (dative dual)
pèlvamъ (dative plural)
pèlvǫ (accusative singular)
pèlvě (accusative dual)
pèlvy (accusative plural)
pèlvojǫ (instrumental singular)
pèlvǭ (instrumental singular)
pèlvama (dual instrumental)
pèlvamī (instrumental plural)
pèlvě (locative singular)
pèlvu (dual locative)
pèlvasъ (locative plural)
pèlvaxъ (locative plural)
pèlvo (singular vocative)
pèlvě (dual vocative)
pèlvy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: пало́ва (palóva)

Russian: поло́ва (polóva)

Ukrainian: поло́ва (polóva)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: плѣва (plěva)

Bulgarian: пля́ва (pljáva)

Macedonian: плева (pleva)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пле̏ва, пље̏ва

Latin: plȅva, pljȅva

Slovene: plẹ́va (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: pleva

Czech: pleva

Bohemian (Chod dialect): plíva

Polish: plewa

Old Slovak: pleva

Slovak: pleva

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: pluwa

Lower Sorbian: plowa

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: pelyva

From Proto-Indo-European *pelH-u-. Cognate with Lithuanian pẽlūs, Old Prussian pelwo, Sanskrit पलाव (palā́va, “chaff, husks”).


volkъno

volkъnò (canonical neuter)
vōlkъnò (nominative singular)
volkъ̀ně (dual nominative)
vōlkъnà (nominative plural)
vōlkъnà (genitive singular)
vōlkъnù (dual genitive)
volkъ̀nъ (genitive plural)
vōlkъnù (dative singular)
vōlkъnòma (dative dual)
vōlkъnòmъ (dative plural)
vōlkъnò (accusative singular)
volkъ̀ně (accusative dual)
vōlkъnà (accusative plural)
vōlkъnъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
vōlkъnòmь (instrumental singular)
vōlkъnòma (dual instrumental)
volkъ̀ny (instrumental plural)
vōlkъně̀ (locative singular)
vōlkъnù (dual locative)
volkъ̀něxъ (locative plural)
vōlkъnò (singular vocative)
volkъ̀ně (dual vocative)
vōlkъnà (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: волокно (volokno)

Belarusian: валакно́ (valaknó)

Ukrainian: волокно́ (voloknó)

Russian: волокно́ (voloknó)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: влакъно (vlakŭno)

Bulgarian: влакно́ (vlaknó)

Macedonian: влакно (vlakno)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: вла́кно

Latin script: vlákno

Slovene: vlákno

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vlákno

Czech: vlákno

Old Polish: włókno

Polish: włókno

Slovak: vlákno

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: łokno

Upper Sorbian: włokno

* Derksen: From depalatalized Proto-Indo-European *wolḱnom; cognate with Sanskrit वल्क (valka), Old English wlōh.
*


polzъ

pȏlzъ (canonical masculine)
polzъ (nominative singular)
polza (dual nominative)
polzi (nominative plural)
polza (genitive singular)
polzu (dual genitive)
polzъ (genitive plural)
polzu (dative singular)
polzoma (dative dual)
polzomъ (dative plural)
polzъ (accusative singular)
polza (accusative dual)
polzy (accusative plural)
polzъmь (instrumental singular)
polzomь (instrumental singular)
polzoma (dual instrumental)
polzy (instrumental plural)
polzě (locative singular)
polzu (dual locative)
polzěxъ (locative plural)
polze (singular vocative)
polza (dual vocative)
polzi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: по́лаз (pólaz)

Russian: по́лоз (póloz)

Ukrainian: по́лоз (póloz)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: плаз (plaz)

Macedonian: плаз (plaz)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пла̑з

Latin script: рlа̑z

Slovene: рlа̑z

West Slavic:

Czech: plaz

→ Polish: płaz

Polish: płoz, płóz

Slovak: plaz

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian:

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *pelǵʰ- (“wheel rim, sled”) (which Derksen reconstructs as *polHǵʰ-), cognate with Proto-Germanic *felgō (“felly”).

der

Brill Publishers
Oleg Trubachyov
Rick Derksen


korsta

kòrsta (canonical feminine)
kòrsta (nominative singular)
kòrstě (dual nominative)
kòrsty (nominative plural)
kòrsty (genitive singular)
kòrstu (dual genitive)
kòrstъ (genitive plural)
kòrstě (dative singular)
kòrstama (dative dual)
kòrstamъ (dative plural)
kòrstǫ (accusative singular)
kòrstě (accusative dual)
kòrsty (accusative plural)
kòrstojǫ (instrumental singular)
kòrstǭ (instrumental singular)
kòrstama (dual instrumental)
kòrstamī (instrumental plural)
kòrstě (locative singular)
kòrstu (dual locative)
kòrstasъ (locative plural)
kòrstaxъ (locative plural)
kòrsto (singular vocative)
kòrstě (dual vocative)
kòrsty (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: каро́ста (karósta)

Russian: коро́ста (korósta)

Ukrainian: коро́ста (korósta)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: краста (krasta)

Glagolitic script: ⰽⱃⰰⱄⱅⰰ (krasta)

Macedonian: краста (krasta)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кра̏ста

Latin script: krȁsta

Slovene: krásta (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: krásta

Czech: chrásta

Polish: krosta

Slovak: chrasta

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian:

Uncertain. According to Pokorny, from Proto-Indo-European *kars- (“to card, scratch”), which is compared to Lithuanian kar̃šti (“to comb (wool or linen)”) (1sg. karšiù, 1sg. past karšiaũ), Latvian kā̀rst (“to comb (wool or linen)”) (1sg. kā̀ršu, 1sg. past kā̀rsu), Sanskrit कषति (káṣati, “to scrape, scratch”), Latin carrō, carriō, carreō, carō, cariō, careō (“to scratch, to comb (wool)”) (the Latin form varies between manuscripts and is uncertain).
Possibly related to Low German harsch (whence English harsh).


obolstь

obolstь (nominative singular)
obolsti (dual nominative)
obolsti (nominative plural)
obolsti (genitive singular)
obolstьju (dual genitive)
obolstьjь (genitive plural)
obolsti (dative singular)
obolstьma (dative dual)
obolstьmъ (dative plural)
obolstь (accusative singular)
obolsti (accusative dual)
obolsti (accusative plural)
obolstьjǫ (instrumental singular)
obolstьma (dual instrumental)
obolstьmi (instrumental plural)
obolsti (locative singular)
obolstьju (dual locative)
obolstьxъ (locative plural)
obolsti (singular vocative)
obolsti (dual vocative)
obolsti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: оболость (obolostĭ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: область (oblastĭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: о̏бла̄ст

Latin script: ȍblāst

Slovene: oblást

West Slavic:

Czech: oblast

Pannonian Rusyn: обласц (oblasc)

Slovak: oblasť


merža

mèrža (canonical feminine)
mèrža (nominative singular)
mèrži (dual nominative)
mèržę̇ (nominative plural)
mèržę̇ (genitive singular)
mèržu (dual genitive)
mèržь (genitive plural)
mèržī (dative singular)
mèržama (dative dual)
mèržāmъ (dative plural)
mèržǫ (accusative singular)
mèrži (accusative dual)
mèržę̇ (accusative plural)
mèržējǫ (instrumental singular)
mèržǭ (instrumental singular)
mèržama (dual instrumental)
mèržāmī (instrumental plural)
mèržī (locative singular)
mèržu (dual locative)
mèržāsъ (locative plural)
mèrže (singular vocative)
mèrži (dual vocative)
mèržę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: мярэ́жа (mjaréža)

desc

Russian: мерёжа (merjóža), мере́жа (meréža)

Ukrainian: мере́жа (meréža)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: мрѣжа (mrěža)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: мре́жа (mréža), мря́жа (mrjáža) (dialectal)

Macedonian: мрежа (mreža)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: мре̏жа

Latin script: mrȅža

Slovene: mrẹ́ža (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: mřiežě

Czech: mříž

Polish: mrzeża (archaic)

Old Slovak: mreža

Pannonian Rusyn: мрежа (mreža)

Slovak: mreža

According to Pokorny, from Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to plait”). Compare Ancient Greek μέρμις (mérmis, “rope, cord”), Latvian mer̂ga, and possibly Lithuanian márška (“fishing net”).


bolna

bòlna (canonical feminine)
bòlna (nominative singular)
bòlně (dual nominative)
bòlny (nominative plural)
bòlny (genitive singular)
bòlnu (dual genitive)
bòlnъ (genitive plural)
bòlně (dative singular)
bòlnama (dative dual)
bòlnamъ (dative plural)
bòlnǫ (accusative singular)
bòlně (accusative dual)
bòlny (accusative plural)
bòlnojǫ (instrumental singular)
bòlnǭ (instrumental singular)
bòlnama (dual instrumental)
bòlnamī (instrumental plural)
bòlně (locative singular)
bòlnu (dual locative)
bòlnasъ (locative plural)
bòlnaxъ (locative plural)
bòlno (singular vocative)
bòlně (dual vocative)
bòlny (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: болона (bolona)

Belarusian: бало́на (balóna)

Russian: болона́ (boloná)

Ukrainian: боло́на (bolóna)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Church Slavonic (Russian recension): блана (blana)

Bulgarian: блана́ (blaná)

Macedonian: блана́ (blaná)

Slovene: blána (tonal orthography) (obsolete)

West Slavic:

Czech: blána

desctree

Old Polish: błona
Polish: błona
Silesian: błōna

Slovak: blana

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: błóna, blón, blóna

Slovincian: blón

Polabian: blånă (“meadow”)

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: błona

Non-Slavic:

→ Albanian: blanë

Nomen abstractum of Proto-Balto-Slavic *balˀnas (“white, bright”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰolHnos (“bright, clear, vibrant”) + *-h₂. Cognate with Lithuanian bálnas (“white, having a white back”).

bolnьje

*bolnь (whence Russian бо́лонь (bólonʹ))


bornь

bȏrnь (canonical feminine)
bȏrnь (nominative singular)
bȏrni (dual nominative)
bȏrni (nominative plural)
borní (genitive singular)
bornьjù (dual genitive)
bornь̀jь (genitive plural)
bȏrni (dative singular)
bornьmà (dative dual)
bȏrnьmъ (dative plural)
bȏrnь (accusative singular)
bȏrni (accusative dual)
bȏrni (accusative plural)
bornьjǫ́ (instrumental singular)
bornьmà (dual instrumental)
bornьmì (instrumental plural)
borní (locative singular)
bornьjù (dual locative)
bȏrnьxъ (locative plural)
borni (singular vocative)
bȏrni (dual vocative)
bȏrni (plural vocative)

Old East Slavic: боронь (boronĭ)

Russian: бо́ронь (bóronʹ) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: брань (branĭ)

Bulgarian: бран (bran)

→ Russian: брань (branʹ)

Macedonian:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бра̑н

Latin script: brȃn

Slovene: brán

West Slavic:

Czech: braň

⇒ Czech: zbraň

Kashubian: barń, barniô

desctree

Old Polish: broń, bronia
Polish: broń
Silesian: brōń

Slovak: bráň

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: broń

Upper Sorbian: bróń

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *barˀnís, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH-. Equivalent to *borti (“to wrestle, to fight”) + *-nь.


xъmeľь

xъmèľь (canonical masculine)
xъmeľь (nominative singular)
xъmeľa (dual nominative)
xъmeľi (nominative plural)
xъmeľa (genitive singular)
xъmeľu (dual genitive)
xъmeľь (genitive plural)
xъmeľu (dative singular)
xъmeľema (dative dual)
xъmeľemъ (dative plural)
xъmeľь (accusative singular)
xъmeľa (accusative dual)
xъmeľę̇ (accusative plural)
xъmeľьmь (instrumental singular)
xъmeľemь (instrumental singular)
xъmeľema (dual instrumental)
xъmeľi (instrumental plural)
xъmeľi (locative singular)
xъmeľu (dual locative)
xъmeľixъ (locative plural)
xъmeľu (singular vocative)
xъmeľa (dual vocative)
xъmeľi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: хмель (xmjelʹ)

Russian: хмель (xmelʹ)

Ukrainian: хміль (xmilʹ)

South Slavic:

desc

Old Church Slavonic: хмель (xmelĭ), хмѣль (xmělĭ)

Bulgarian: хмел (hmel)

Macedonian: хмељ (hmelj)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: хме̏љ

Latin script: hmȅlj

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: hmẹ̑lj, hmȅlj (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: chmel

Kashubian: chmiél

Polabian: xėmil

desctree

Old Polish: chmiel
Polish: chmiel, hmiel (Middle Polish), kmiel (Lasovia)
Silesian: chmiyl

Old Slovak: chmeľ

Slovak: chmeľ

Non-Slavic:

→ Greek: χούμελη (choúmeli)

In all likelihood related with Proto-West Germanic *humilō, of uncertain origin, but assumed to be of Finnic/Uralic origin, as the Finno-Ugric tribes were the first to use hops for beer.. Compare Old English hymele, Middle Low German hōmel, Old Norse humli, Medieval Latin humulus. However, the direction of borrowing (Germanic > Slavic or vice versa) is uncertain.
Further theories connect it with either Iranian or Turkic; compare Ossetian хуымӕллӕг (x°ymællæg) and Proto-Turkic *kumlak respectively.


goldьnъ

goldьnъ (masculine nominative singular)
goldьna (feminine nominative singular)
goldьno (neuter nominative singular)
goldьna (genitive masculine singular)
goldьny (feminine genitive singular)
goldьna (genitive neuter singular)
goldьnu (dative masculine singular)
goldьně (dative feminine singular)
goldьnu (dative neuter singular)
goldьnъ (accusative masculine singular)
goldьnǫ (accusative feminine singular)
goldьno (accusative neuter singular)
goldьnomь (instrumental masculine singular)
goldьnojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
goldьnomь (instrumental neuter singular)
goldьně (locative masculine singular)
goldьně (feminine locative singular)
goldьně (locative neuter singular)
goldьne (masculine singular vocative)
goldьno (feminine singular vocative)
goldьno (neuter singular vocative)
goldьna (dual masculine nominative)
goldьně (dual feminine nominative)
goldьně (dual neuter nominative)
goldьnu (dual genitive masculine)
goldьnu (dual feminine genitive)
goldьnu (dual genitive neuter)
goldьnoma (dative dual masculine)
goldьnama (dative dual feminine)
goldьnoma (dative dual neuter)
goldьna (accusative dual masculine)
goldьně (accusative dual feminine)
goldьně (accusative dual neuter)
goldьnoma (dual instrumental masculine)
goldьnama (dual feminine instrumental)
goldьnoma (dual instrumental neuter)
goldьnu (dual locative masculine)
goldьnu (dual feminine locative)
goldьnu (dual locative neuter)
goldьna (dual masculine vocative)
goldьně (dual feminine vocative)
goldьně (dual neuter vocative)
goldьni (masculine nominative plural)
goldьny (feminine nominative plural)
goldьna (neuter nominative plural)
goldьnъ (genitive masculine plural)
goldьnъ (feminine genitive plural)
goldьnъ (genitive neuter plural)
goldьnomъ (dative masculine plural)
goldьnamъ (dative feminine plural)
goldьnomъ (dative neuter plural)
goldьny (accusative masculine plural)
goldьny (accusative feminine plural)
goldьna (accusative neuter plural)
goldьny (instrumental masculine plural)
goldьnami (feminine instrumental plural)
goldьny (instrumental neuter plural)
goldьněxъ (locative masculine plural)
goldьnaxъ (feminine locative plural)
goldьněxъ (locative neuter plural)
goldьni (masculine plural vocative)
goldьny (feminine plural vocative)
goldьna (neuter plural vocative)
goldьnъjь (masculine nominative singular)
goldьnaja (feminine nominative singular)
goldьnoje (neuter nominative singular)
goldьnajego (genitive masculine singular)
goldьnyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
goldьnajego (genitive neuter singular)
goldьnujemu (dative masculine singular)
goldьněji (dative feminine singular)
goldьnujemu (dative neuter singular)
goldьnъjь (accusative masculine singular)
goldьnǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
goldьnoje (accusative neuter singular)
goldьnyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
goldьnǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
goldьnyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
goldьnějemь (locative masculine singular)
goldьněji (feminine locative singular)
goldьnějemь (locative neuter singular)
goldьnъjь (masculine singular vocative)
goldьnaja (feminine singular vocative)
goldьnoje (neuter singular vocative)
goldьnaja (dual masculine nominative)
goldьněji (dual feminine nominative)
goldьněji (dual neuter nominative)
goldьnuju (dual genitive masculine)
goldьnuju (dual feminine genitive)
goldьnuju (dual genitive neuter)
goldьnyjima (dative dual masculine)
goldьnyjima (dative dual feminine)
goldьnyjima (dative dual neuter)
goldьnaja (accusative dual masculine)
goldьněji (accusative dual feminine)
goldьněji (accusative dual neuter)
goldьnyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
goldьnyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
goldьnyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
goldьnuju (dual locative masculine)
goldьnuju (dual feminine locative)
goldьnuju (dual locative neuter)
goldьnaja (dual masculine vocative)
goldьněji (dual feminine vocative)
goldьněji (dual neuter vocative)
goldьniji (masculine nominative plural)
goldьnyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
goldьnaja (neuter nominative plural)
goldьnъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
goldьnъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
goldьnъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
goldьnyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
goldьnyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
goldьnyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
goldьnyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
goldьnyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
goldьnaja (accusative neuter plural)
goldьnyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
goldьnyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
goldьnyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
goldьnyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
goldьnyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
goldьnyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
goldьniji (masculine plural vocative)
goldьnyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
goldьnaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: голодьнъ (golodĭnŭ)

Old Ruthenian: голодный (holodnyj)

desc

Belarusian: гало́дны (halódny); гало́дный (halódnyj) (dialectal)

Carpathian Rusyn: голодный (holodnŷj)

Ukrainian: голо́дний (holódnyj)

Russian: голо́дный (golódnyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: гладьнъ (gladĭnŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰳⰾⰰⰴⱐⱀⱏ (gladĭnŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: гла́дан

Latin script: gládan

Slovene: gláden (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: hladný

Czech: hladný (dialectal)

Old Polish: głodzien

Polish: głodny

Old Slovak: hladný

Pannonian Rusyn: гладни (hladni)

Slovak: hladný

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: głodny

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: hłódny

Lower Sorbian: głodny


věverica

vě̀verica (canonical feminine)
vě̀verica (nominative singular)
vě̀verici (dual nominative)
vě̀vericę̇ (nominative plural)
vě̀vericę̇ (genitive singular)
vě̀vericu (dual genitive)
vě̀vericь (genitive plural)
vě̀vericī (dative singular)
vě̀vericama (dative dual)
vě̀vericāmъ (dative plural)
vě̀vericǫ (accusative singular)
vě̀verici (accusative dual)
vě̀vericę̇ (accusative plural)
vě̀vericējǫ (instrumental singular)
vě̀vericǭ (instrumental singular)
vě̀vericama (dual instrumental)
vě̀vericāmī (instrumental plural)
vě̀vericī (locative singular)
vě̀vericu (dual locative)
vě̀vericāsъ (locative plural)
vě̀verice (singular vocative)
vě̀verici (dual vocative)
vě̀vericę̇ (plural vocative)
*věverъka (alternative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: вѣ́верица (vě́verica)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: вѣ́верица (vě́verica), вѣ́верицꙗ (vě́vericja) — Middle Ukrainian
Belarusian: веве́рыцы (vjevjérycy) (dialectal)
Ukrainian: ве́вериця (véverycja), ви́верица (výveryca), ви́вірица (výviryca) (dialectal)

Russian: ве́верица (véverica)

desc

Old Novgorodian: вѣверица (věverića), вьверица (vĭverića), вьвьрича (vĭvĭrića)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: вѣверица (věverica)

Glagolitic script: ⰲⱑⰲⰵⱃⰻⱌⰰ (věverica)

Bulgarian: ве́верица (véverica), верве́рица (vervérica) (Western dialects)

Macedonian: верверица (ververica)

Serbo-Croatian: vjeverica, vȅverica, ве̏верица

Slovene: vẹ́verica

West Slavic:

Old Czech: veveřicě

Czech: veveřice

Old Polish: wiewierzyca

Slovak: veverica

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: wjewjerca, wjewjerčka

Lower Sorbian: njewjerica, njewjericka

Non-Slavic:

→ Greek: βερβερίτσα (ververítsa)

→ Romanian: veveriță

From earlier *vě̀verь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wēweris, cognate to Lithuanian voverė, voveri̇̀s, vėveri̇̀s (“squirrel”), Latvian vāvere (“squirrel”), Old Prussian weware (“squirrel”), Persian وروره (varvarah) Welsh gwiwer, Latin vīverra, from Proto-Indo-European *we-wer- (“squirrel, marten”), a reduplicated form of the root *wer- (“to wrap, to turn”) (with secondary meaning “to brew, to boil”). The name has been derived because of the typical agile locomotion of squirrels, compare Polish wiercipięta (“squirrel, fidget”), from Proto-Slavic *vьrtě̀ti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wirtḗˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥t-éh₁-ti, from *wert-, from the same root *wer- (“to wrap, to turn”).


věverъka

vě̀verъka (canonical feminine)
věverъka (nominative singular)
věverъcě (dual nominative)
věverъky (nominative plural)
věverъky (genitive singular)
věverъku (dual genitive)
věverъkъ (genitive plural)
věverъcě (dative singular)
věverъkama (dative dual)
věverъkamъ (dative plural)
věverъkǫ (accusative singular)
věverъcě (accusative dual)
věverъky (accusative plural)
věverъkojǫ (instrumental singular)
věverъkǫ (instrumental singular)
věverъkama (dual instrumental)
věverъkami (instrumental plural)
věverъcě (locative singular)
věverъku (dual locative)
věverъkasъ (locative plural)
věverъkaxъ (locative plural)
věverъko (singular vocative)
věverъcě (dual vocative)
věverъky (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: *вѣ́веръка (*vě́verŭka)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: вѣ́верка (vě́verka), ви́верка (víverka) — Middle Ukrainian
Belarusian: вавёрка (vavjórka)
Carpathian Rusyn: веве́рка (vevérka)
Ukrainian: ви́вірка (vývirka); веві́рка (vevírka), вові́рка (vovírka), є́вірка (jévirka), лави́рка (lavýrka), лови́рка (lovýrka) (dialectal)

Russian: вевёрка (vevjórka)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

desc

Cyrillic script: вје̏верка, ве̏верка

Cyrillic script: вје̏верка, ве̏верка

Latin script: vjȅverka, vȅverka

Slovene: vẹ́verka (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: veverka

Old Polish: wiewiórka

desctree

Polish: wiewiórka, wiwiórka (Chełmno), wewiórka (Kuyavia), wywiórka (Biecz, Lasovia)
→ Ukrainian: вев'ю́рка (vevʺjúrka), вив'ю́рка (vyvʺjúrka), вію́рка (vijúrka), гав'ю́рка (havʺjúrka) (dialectal)

Silesian: wywiōrka

From *vě̀verь + *-ъka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wēweris, from Proto-Indo-European *we-wer- (“squirrel, marten”).

Jaroslav Rudnyckyj
ru:Аникин, Александр Евгеньевич


gotovъ

gotòvъ (canonical)
gotovъ (masculine nominative singular)
gotova (feminine nominative singular)
gotovo (neuter nominative singular)
gotova (genitive masculine singular)
gotovy (feminine genitive singular)
gotova (genitive neuter singular)
gotovu (dative masculine singular)
gotově (dative feminine singular)
gotovu (dative neuter singular)
gotovъ (accusative masculine singular)
gotovǫ (accusative feminine singular)
gotovo (accusative neuter singular)
gotovomь (instrumental masculine singular)
gotovojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
gotovomь (instrumental neuter singular)
gotově (locative masculine singular)
gotově (feminine locative singular)
gotově (locative neuter singular)
gotove (masculine singular vocative)
gotovo (feminine singular vocative)
gotovo (neuter singular vocative)
gotova (dual masculine nominative)
gotově (dual feminine nominative)
gotově (dual neuter nominative)
gotovu (dual genitive masculine)
gotovu (dual feminine genitive)
gotovu (dual genitive neuter)
gotovoma (dative dual masculine)
gotovama (dative dual feminine)
gotovoma (dative dual neuter)
gotova (accusative dual masculine)
gotově (accusative dual feminine)
gotově (accusative dual neuter)
gotovoma (dual instrumental masculine)
gotovama (dual feminine instrumental)
gotovoma (dual instrumental neuter)
gotovu (dual locative masculine)
gotovu (dual feminine locative)
gotovu (dual locative neuter)
gotova (dual masculine vocative)
gotově (dual feminine vocative)
gotově (dual neuter vocative)
gotovi (masculine nominative plural)
gotovy (feminine nominative plural)
gotova (neuter nominative plural)
gotovъ (genitive masculine plural)
gotovъ (feminine genitive plural)
gotovъ (genitive neuter plural)
gotovomъ (dative masculine plural)
gotovamъ (dative feminine plural)
gotovomъ (dative neuter plural)
gotovy (accusative masculine plural)
gotovy (accusative feminine plural)
gotova (accusative neuter plural)
gotovy (instrumental masculine plural)
gotovami (feminine instrumental plural)
gotovy (instrumental neuter plural)
gotověxъ (locative masculine plural)
gotovaxъ (feminine locative plural)
gotověxъ (locative neuter plural)
gotovi (masculine plural vocative)
gotovy (feminine plural vocative)
gotova (neuter plural vocative)
gotovъjь (masculine nominative singular)
gotovaja (feminine nominative singular)
gotovoje (neuter nominative singular)
gotovajego (genitive masculine singular)
gotovyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
gotovajego (genitive neuter singular)
gotovujemu (dative masculine singular)
gotověji (dative feminine singular)
gotovujemu (dative neuter singular)
gotovъjь (accusative masculine singular)
gotovǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
gotovoje (accusative neuter singular)
gotovyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
gotovǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
gotovyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
gotovějemь (locative masculine singular)
gotověji (feminine locative singular)
gotovějemь (locative neuter singular)
gotovъjь (masculine singular vocative)
gotovaja (feminine singular vocative)
gotovoje (neuter singular vocative)
gotovaja (dual masculine nominative)
gotověji (dual feminine nominative)
gotověji (dual neuter nominative)
gotovuju (dual genitive masculine)
gotovuju (dual feminine genitive)
gotovuju (dual genitive neuter)
gotovyjima (dative dual masculine)
gotovyjima (dative dual feminine)
gotovyjima (dative dual neuter)
gotovaja (accusative dual masculine)
gotověji (accusative dual feminine)
gotověji (accusative dual neuter)
gotovyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
gotovyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
gotovyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
gotovuju (dual locative masculine)
gotovuju (dual feminine locative)
gotovuju (dual locative neuter)
gotovaja (dual masculine vocative)
gotověji (dual feminine vocative)
gotověji (dual neuter vocative)
gotoviji (masculine nominative plural)
gotovyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
gotovaja (neuter nominative plural)
gotovъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
gotovъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
gotovъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
gotovyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
gotovyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
gotovyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
gotovyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
gotovyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
gotovaja (accusative neuter plural)
gotovyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
gotovyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
gotovyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
gotovyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
gotovyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
gotovyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
gotoviji (masculine plural vocative)
gotovyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
gotovaja (neuter plural vocative)

Brill Publishers
Marko Snoj
Oleg Trubachyov

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: готовъ (gotovŭ)

Old Ruthenian: готовый (hotovyj)

Belarusian: гато́вы (hatóvy)

Carpathian Rusyn: гото́вый (hotóvŷj)

Ukrainian: гото́вий (hotóvyj)

Russian: гото́вый (gotóvyj)

Old Novgorodian: готовъ (gotovŭ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: готовъ (gotovŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰳⱁⱅⱁⰲⱏ (gotovŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: gòtov

Cyrillic script: го̀тов

Slovene: gotȍv (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: hotový
Czech: hotový

Old Polish: gotowy, gotów
Polish: gotowy
Silesian: gotowy

Old Slovak: hotový

Slovak: hotový

Pannonian Rusyn: готови (hotovi)

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: gòtowi

Slovincian: gôtôwy

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: hotowy

Lower Sorbian: gótowy

Non-Slavic:

→? Albanian: gat, gati

→? Lithuanian: gãtavas

→? Latvian: gatavs

→⇒? Old Prussian: pogattawint

→? Romanian: gata

Of unclear origin.
It was suggested (e.g. Kroonen) that the word is borrowed from a reflect of unattested adjective Proto-Germanic *gatawaz, deverbal adjective from the root of *tawjaną (“to make, complete”), probably from Gothic, cf. 𐌲𐌰𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gataujan, “to do, make, effect”). This view is usually rejected, Pronk-Tiethoff considers a loan possible, but admits that native origin cannot be excluded.
Native origin is prevailing, however, few propositions exist:
* back-formation from *gotoviti (“to prepare”), unlikely
* per Kiparsky, from *gotъ (> Upper Sorbian hot (“preparation”) and derivative Lower Sorbian gotnica (“factory”)) *-ovъ, with *gotъ being cognate of Albanian gat. However, Sorbian words are suspected of being back-formations.
* some relation with Ancient Greek νη-γάτεος (nē-gáteos, “new-made”), Sanskrit घटते (ghaṭate, “to strive”)
* from Proto-Indo-European *gʷātu-, supine of *gʷā- (“to go”), for meaning shift cf. Old High German fartig (“ready”) from fart (“ride, trip”). See also *gatь (“path (through swamp)”). That makes anlaut -o- problematic.
*gotovъ is often compared to Albanian gat, gati (“ready”), but currently these are usually believed to be early loans from Slavic. Some suggested that Lithuanian gãtavas, Latvian gatavs (“ready”) and Old Prussian pogattawint (“to prepare”) are cognates to Slavic which point to Proto-Balto-Slavic *gatawas, however, it is usually believed Baltic words are borrowed from Slavic (e.g. on the basis of the accent, Smoczyński considers the Lithuanian word to be a loan from Old Polish).


dalekъ

dalèkъ (canonical)
dalekъ (masculine nominative singular)
daleka (feminine nominative singular)
daleko (neuter nominative singular)
daleka (genitive masculine singular)
daleky (feminine genitive singular)
daleka (genitive neuter singular)
daleku (dative masculine singular)
dalekě (dative feminine singular)
daleku (dative neuter singular)
dalekъ (accusative masculine singular)
dalekǫ (accusative feminine singular)
daleko (accusative neuter singular)
dalekomь (instrumental masculine singular)
dalekojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
dalekomь (instrumental neuter singular)
dalekě (locative masculine singular)
dalekě (feminine locative singular)
dalekě (locative neuter singular)
daleke (masculine singular vocative)
daleko (feminine singular vocative)
daleko (neuter singular vocative)
daleka (dual masculine nominative)
dalekě (dual feminine nominative)
dalekě (dual neuter nominative)
daleku (dual genitive masculine)
daleku (dual feminine genitive)
daleku (dual genitive neuter)
dalekoma (dative dual masculine)
dalekama (dative dual feminine)
dalekoma (dative dual neuter)
daleka (accusative dual masculine)
dalekě (accusative dual feminine)
dalekě (accusative dual neuter)
dalekoma (dual instrumental masculine)
dalekama (dual feminine instrumental)
dalekoma (dual instrumental neuter)
daleku (dual locative masculine)
daleku (dual feminine locative)
daleku (dual locative neuter)
daleka (dual masculine vocative)
dalekě (dual feminine vocative)
dalekě (dual neuter vocative)
daleki (masculine nominative plural)
daleky (feminine nominative plural)
daleka (neuter nominative plural)
dalekъ (genitive masculine plural)
dalekъ (feminine genitive plural)
dalekъ (genitive neuter plural)
dalekomъ (dative masculine plural)
dalekamъ (dative feminine plural)
dalekomъ (dative neuter plural)
daleky (accusative masculine plural)
daleky (accusative feminine plural)
daleka (accusative neuter plural)
daleky (instrumental masculine plural)
dalekami (feminine instrumental plural)
daleky (instrumental neuter plural)
dalekěxъ (locative masculine plural)
dalekaxъ (feminine locative plural)
dalekěxъ (locative neuter plural)
daleki (masculine plural vocative)
daleky (feminine plural vocative)
daleka (neuter plural vocative)
dalekъjь (masculine nominative singular)
dalekaja (feminine nominative singular)
dalekoje (neuter nominative singular)
dalekajego (genitive masculine singular)
dalekyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
dalekajego (genitive neuter singular)
dalekujemu (dative masculine singular)
dalekěji (dative feminine singular)
dalekujemu (dative neuter singular)
dalekъjь (accusative masculine singular)
dalekǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
dalekoje (accusative neuter singular)
dalekyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
dalekǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
dalekyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
dalekějemь (locative masculine singular)
dalekěji (feminine locative singular)
dalekějemь (locative neuter singular)
dalekъjь (masculine singular vocative)
dalekaja (feminine singular vocative)
dalekoje (neuter singular vocative)
dalekaja (dual masculine nominative)
dalekěji (dual feminine nominative)
dalekěji (dual neuter nominative)
dalekuju (dual genitive masculine)
dalekuju (dual feminine genitive)
dalekuju (dual genitive neuter)
dalekyjima (dative dual masculine)
dalekyjima (dative dual feminine)
dalekyjima (dative dual neuter)
dalekaja (accusative dual masculine)
dalekěji (accusative dual feminine)
dalekěji (accusative dual neuter)
dalekyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
dalekyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
dalekyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
dalekuju (dual locative masculine)
dalekuju (dual feminine locative)
dalekuju (dual locative neuter)
dalekaja (dual masculine vocative)
dalekěji (dual feminine vocative)
dalekěji (dual neuter vocative)
dalekiji (masculine nominative plural)
dalekyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
dalekaja (neuter nominative plural)
dalekъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
dalekъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
dalekъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
dalekyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
dalekyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
dalekyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
dalekyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
dalekyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
dalekaja (accusative neuter plural)
dalekyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
dalekyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
dalekyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
dalekyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
dalekyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
dalekyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
dalekiji (masculine plural vocative)
dalekyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
dalekaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: далёкі (daljóki)

Russian: далёкий (daljókij)

Ukrainian: дале́кий (dalékyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: далече (daleče)

⇒ Bulgarian: дале́чен (daléčen)

Macedonian: (literary) да́лек (dálek)

⇒ Macedonian: да́лечен (dálečen)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: да̀лек

Latin script: dàlek

Slovene: dálek (tonal orthography) (archaic)

West Slavic:

desctree

Old Czech: daleký, daľeký (alternative writing)
Czech: daleký

Old Polish: daleki
Polish: daleki
Silesian: daleki

Old Slovak: daleký, ďaleký, deľaký

Pannonian Rusyn: далєки (daljeki)

Slovak: ďaleký

Polabian: dolĕk

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: daleczi

Slovincian: dalekjy

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: daloki

Lower Sorbian: daloki

From *dalь (“distance”) + *-okъ. Compare Latvian tāls (“far, distant”), but the initial d remains unexplained.)


napьrstъkъ

napьrstъkъ (nominative singular)
napьrstъka (dual nominative)
napьrstъci (nominative plural)
napьrstъka (genitive singular)
napьrstъku (dual genitive)
napьrstъkъ (genitive plural)
napьrstъku (dative singular)
napьrstъkoma (dative dual)
napьrstъkomъ (dative plural)
napьrstъkъ (accusative singular)
napьrstъka (accusative dual)
napьrstъky (accusative plural)
napьrstъkъmь (instrumental singular)
napьrstъkomь (instrumental singular)
napьrstъkoma (dual instrumental)
napьrstъky (instrumental plural)
napьrstъcě (locative singular)
napьrstъku (dual locative)
napьrstъcěxъ (locative plural)
napьrstъče (singular vocative)
napьrstъka (dual vocative)
napьrstъci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: напёрсток (napjórstok)

Carpathian Rusyn: наперсток (naperstok)

Ukrainian: напе́рсток (napérstok)

South Slavic:

⇒ Bulgarian: на́пръстник (náprǎstnik)

Macedonian: напрсток (naprstok)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: напрстак

Latin script: naprstak

desc/sl-tonal

⇒ Slovene: napȓstnik (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: náprstek

Czech: náprstek

Old Polish: naparstek

Polish: naparstek

→ Belarusian: напа́рстак (napárstak)

Silesian: nŏpasztek

Slovak: náprstok

From *na (“on”) + *pьrstъ (“finger”) + *-ъkъ.


golvьnъ

golvьnъ (masculine nominative singular)
golvьna (feminine nominative singular)
golvьno (neuter nominative singular)
golvьna (genitive masculine singular)
golvьny (feminine genitive singular)
golvьna (genitive neuter singular)
golvьnu (dative masculine singular)
golvьně (dative feminine singular)
golvьnu (dative neuter singular)
golvьnъ (accusative masculine singular)
golvьnǫ (accusative feminine singular)
golvьno (accusative neuter singular)
golvьnomь (instrumental masculine singular)
golvьnojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
golvьnomь (instrumental neuter singular)
golvьně (locative masculine singular)
golvьně (feminine locative singular)
golvьně (locative neuter singular)
golvьne (masculine singular vocative)
golvьno (feminine singular vocative)
golvьno (neuter singular vocative)
golvьna (dual masculine nominative)
golvьně (dual feminine nominative)
golvьně (dual neuter nominative)
golvьnu (dual genitive masculine)
golvьnu (dual feminine genitive)
golvьnu (dual genitive neuter)
golvьnoma (dative dual masculine)
golvьnama (dative dual feminine)
golvьnoma (dative dual neuter)
golvьna (accusative dual masculine)
golvьně (accusative dual feminine)
golvьně (accusative dual neuter)
golvьnoma (dual instrumental masculine)
golvьnama (dual feminine instrumental)
golvьnoma (dual instrumental neuter)
golvьnu (dual locative masculine)
golvьnu (dual feminine locative)
golvьnu (dual locative neuter)
golvьna (dual masculine vocative)
golvьně (dual feminine vocative)
golvьně (dual neuter vocative)
golvьni (masculine nominative plural)
golvьny (feminine nominative plural)
golvьna (neuter nominative plural)
golvьnъ (genitive masculine plural)
golvьnъ (feminine genitive plural)
golvьnъ (genitive neuter plural)
golvьnomъ (dative masculine plural)
golvьnamъ (dative feminine plural)
golvьnomъ (dative neuter plural)
golvьny (accusative masculine plural)
golvьny (accusative feminine plural)
golvьna (accusative neuter plural)
golvьny (instrumental masculine plural)
golvьnami (feminine instrumental plural)
golvьny (instrumental neuter plural)
golvьněxъ (locative masculine plural)
golvьnaxъ (feminine locative plural)
golvьněxъ (locative neuter plural)
golvьni (masculine plural vocative)
golvьny (feminine plural vocative)
golvьna (neuter plural vocative)
golvьnъjь (masculine nominative singular)
golvьnaja (feminine nominative singular)
golvьnoje (neuter nominative singular)
golvьnajego (genitive masculine singular)
golvьnyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
golvьnajego (genitive neuter singular)
golvьnujemu (dative masculine singular)
golvьněji (dative feminine singular)
golvьnujemu (dative neuter singular)
golvьnъjь (accusative masculine singular)
golvьnǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
golvьnoje (accusative neuter singular)
golvьnyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
golvьnǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
golvьnyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
golvьnějemь (locative masculine singular)
golvьněji (feminine locative singular)
golvьnějemь (locative neuter singular)
golvьnъjь (masculine singular vocative)
golvьnaja (feminine singular vocative)
golvьnoje (neuter singular vocative)
golvьnaja (dual masculine nominative)
golvьněji (dual feminine nominative)
golvьněji (dual neuter nominative)
golvьnuju (dual genitive masculine)
golvьnuju (dual feminine genitive)
golvьnuju (dual genitive neuter)
golvьnyjima (dative dual masculine)
golvьnyjima (dative dual feminine)
golvьnyjima (dative dual neuter)
golvьnaja (accusative dual masculine)
golvьněji (accusative dual feminine)
golvьněji (accusative dual neuter)
golvьnyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
golvьnyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
golvьnyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
golvьnuju (dual locative masculine)
golvьnuju (dual feminine locative)
golvьnuju (dual locative neuter)
golvьnaja (dual masculine vocative)
golvьněji (dual feminine vocative)
golvьněji (dual neuter vocative)
golvьniji (masculine nominative plural)
golvьnyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
golvьnaja (neuter nominative plural)
golvьnъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
golvьnъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
golvьnъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
golvьnyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
golvьnyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
golvьnyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
golvьnyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
golvьnyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
golvьnaja (accusative neuter plural)
golvьnyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
golvьnyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
golvьnyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
golvьnyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
golvьnyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
golvьnyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
golvьniji (masculine plural vocative)
golvьnyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
golvьnaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: гало́ўны (halóŭny)

Russian: головно́й (golovnój)

Ukrainian: голо́вний (holóvnyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: главьнъ (glavĭnŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰳⰾⰰⰲⱐⱀⱏ (glavĭnŭ)

Bulgarian: главен (glaven)

Macedonian: главен (glaven)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: гла̀внӣ

Latin script: glàvnī

Slovene: gláven

West Slavic:

Old Czech: hlavný, hlavní

Czech: hlavní

desctree

Old Polish: główny
Polish: główny
Silesian: głōwny

Slovak: hlavný

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: główny

Slovincian: glówny


tъlstъ

tъ̑lstъ (canonical)
tъlstъ (masculine nominative singular)
tъlsta (feminine nominative singular)
tъlsto (neuter nominative singular)
tъlsta (genitive masculine singular)
tъlsty (feminine genitive singular)
tъlsta (genitive neuter singular)
tъlstu (dative masculine singular)
tъlstě (dative feminine singular)
tъlstu (dative neuter singular)
tъlstъ (accusative masculine singular)
tъlstǫ (accusative feminine singular)
tъlsto (accusative neuter singular)
tъlstomь (instrumental masculine singular)
tъlstojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
tъlstomь (instrumental neuter singular)
tъlstě (locative masculine singular)
tъlstě (feminine locative singular)
tъlstě (locative neuter singular)
tъlste (masculine singular vocative)
tъlsto (feminine singular vocative)
tъlsto (neuter singular vocative)
tъlsta (dual masculine nominative)
tъlstě (dual feminine nominative)
tъlstě (dual neuter nominative)
tъlstu (dual genitive masculine)
tъlstu (dual feminine genitive)
tъlstu (dual genitive neuter)
tъlstoma (dative dual masculine)
tъlstama (dative dual feminine)
tъlstoma (dative dual neuter)
tъlsta (accusative dual masculine)
tъlstě (accusative dual feminine)
tъlstě (accusative dual neuter)
tъlstoma (dual instrumental masculine)
tъlstama (dual feminine instrumental)
tъlstoma (dual instrumental neuter)
tъlstu (dual locative masculine)
tъlstu (dual feminine locative)
tъlstu (dual locative neuter)
tъlsta (dual masculine vocative)
tъlstě (dual feminine vocative)
tъlstě (dual neuter vocative)
tъlsti (masculine nominative plural)
tъlsty (feminine nominative plural)
tъlsta (neuter nominative plural)
tъlstъ (genitive masculine plural)
tъlstъ (feminine genitive plural)
tъlstъ (genitive neuter plural)
tъlstomъ (dative masculine plural)
tъlstamъ (dative feminine plural)
tъlstomъ (dative neuter plural)
tъlsty (accusative masculine plural)
tъlsty (accusative feminine plural)
tъlsta (accusative neuter plural)
tъlsty (instrumental masculine plural)
tъlstami (feminine instrumental plural)
tъlsty (instrumental neuter plural)
tъlstěxъ (locative masculine plural)
tъlstaxъ (feminine locative plural)
tъlstěxъ (locative neuter plural)
tъlsti (masculine plural vocative)
tъlsty (feminine plural vocative)
tъlsta (neuter plural vocative)
tъlstъjь (masculine nominative singular)
tъlstaja (feminine nominative singular)
tъlstoje (neuter nominative singular)
tъlstajego (genitive masculine singular)
tъlstyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
tъlstajego (genitive neuter singular)
tъlstujemu (dative masculine singular)
tъlstěji (dative feminine singular)
tъlstujemu (dative neuter singular)
tъlstъjь (accusative masculine singular)
tъlstǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
tъlstoje (accusative neuter singular)
tъlstyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
tъlstǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
tъlstyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
tъlstějemь (locative masculine singular)
tъlstěji (feminine locative singular)
tъlstějemь (locative neuter singular)
tъlstъjь (masculine singular vocative)
tъlstaja (feminine singular vocative)
tъlstoje (neuter singular vocative)
tъlstaja (dual masculine nominative)
tъlstěji (dual feminine nominative)
tъlstěji (dual neuter nominative)
tъlstuju (dual genitive masculine)
tъlstuju (dual feminine genitive)
tъlstuju (dual genitive neuter)
tъlstyjima (dative dual masculine)
tъlstyjima (dative dual feminine)
tъlstyjima (dative dual neuter)
tъlstaja (accusative dual masculine)
tъlstěji (accusative dual feminine)
tъlstěji (accusative dual neuter)
tъlstyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
tъlstyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
tъlstyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
tъlstuju (dual locative masculine)
tъlstuju (dual feminine locative)
tъlstuju (dual locative neuter)
tъlstaja (dual masculine vocative)
tъlstěji (dual feminine vocative)
tъlstěji (dual neuter vocative)
tъlstiji (masculine nominative plural)
tъlstyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
tъlstaja (neuter nominative plural)
tъlstъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
tъlstъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
tъlstъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
tъlstyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
tъlstyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
tъlstyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
tъlstyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
tъlstyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
tъlstaja (accusative neuter plural)
tъlstyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
tъlstyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
tъlstyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
tъlstyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
tъlstyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
tъlstyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
tъlstiji (masculine plural vocative)
tъlstyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
tъlstaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: тълстъ (tŭlstŭ)

desc

Old Ruthenian: то́встый (tóvstyj), то́лстый (tólstyj)

Belarusian: то́ўсты (tóŭsty)

Ukrainian: то́встий (tóvstyj)

Russian: то́лстый (tólstyj)

Old Novgorodian: тосте (toste)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: тлъстъ (tlŭstŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱅⰾⱏⱄⱅⱏ (tlŭstŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ту̑ст

Latin script: tȗst

Slovene: tȏlst

West Slavic:

Kashubian: tołsti, tolsti

Old Czech: tlustý

Czech: tlustý

Polabian: tåustĕ

desctree

Old Polish: tłusty
Polish: tłusty
→ Old Ruthenian: тлу́стый (tlústyj)
Belarusian: тлу́сты (tlústy)
Carpathian Rusyn: тлу́стый (tlústŷj)
Ukrainian: тлу́стий (tlústyj)
Silesian: tusty

Slovak: tlstý

Pannonian Rusyn: тлусти (tlusti)

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: tołsty

Lower Sorbian: tłusty

Has been compared with Lithuanian tul̃žti (“to inflate, to swell”), Latvian tùlzt (“to swell”). Possibly akin to Proto-Slavic *tъlpa (“crowd”).
The ending *-stъ is of uncertain origin (see there for discussion).


pěsъkъ

pě̄sъ̀kъ (canonical masculine)
pě̄sъ̀kъ (nominative singular)
pě̄sъkà (dual nominative)
pě̄sъcì (nominative plural)
pě̄sъkà (genitive singular)
pě̄sъkù (dual genitive)
pě̄sъ̀kъ (genitive plural)
pě̄sъkù (dative singular)
pě̄sъkòma (dative dual)
pě̄sъkòmъ (dative plural)
pě̄sъ̀kъ (accusative singular)
pě̄sъkà (accusative dual)
pě̄sъkỳ (accusative plural)
pě̄sъkъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
pě̄sъkòmь (instrumental singular)
pě̄sъkòma (dual instrumental)
pě̄sъ̀ky (instrumental plural)
pě̄sъcě̀ (locative singular)
pě̄sъkù (dual locative)
pě̄sъ̀cěxъ (locative plural)
pěsъče (singular vocative)
pě̄sъkà (dual vocative)
pě̄sъcì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: пясо́к (pjasók)

Russian: песо́к (pesók)

Ukrainian: пісо́к (pisók)

Carpathian Rusyn: пісок (pisok)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: пѣсъкъ (pěsŭkŭ)

Bulgarian: пя́сък (pjásǎk)

Macedonian: песок (pesok)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пе́сак, пије́сак

Latin script: pésak, pijésak

Slovene: pẹ́sək (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: piesek

Czech: písek

Kashubian: piôsk

Polabian: ṕosăk

Polish: piasek

Silesian: piŏsek

Slovak: piesok

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: pěsk

Upper Sorbian: pěsk

Possibly cognate with Proto-Indo-Iranian *pānsúš (“dust”). According to Vasmer, related to Armenian փոշի (pʻoši, “dust”).


tǫpъ

tǫ̑pъ (canonical)
tǫpъ (masculine nominative singular)
tǫpa (feminine nominative singular)
tǫpo (neuter nominative singular)
tǫpa (genitive masculine singular)
tǫpy (feminine genitive singular)
tǫpa (genitive neuter singular)
tǫpu (dative masculine singular)
tǫpě (dative feminine singular)
tǫpu (dative neuter singular)
tǫpъ (accusative masculine singular)
tǫpǫ (accusative feminine singular)
tǫpo (accusative neuter singular)
tǫpomь (instrumental masculine singular)
tǫpojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
tǫpomь (instrumental neuter singular)
tǫpě (locative masculine singular)
tǫpě (feminine locative singular)
tǫpě (locative neuter singular)
tǫpe (masculine singular vocative)
tǫpo (feminine singular vocative)
tǫpo (neuter singular vocative)
tǫpa (dual masculine nominative)
tǫpě (dual feminine nominative)
tǫpě (dual neuter nominative)
tǫpu (dual genitive masculine)
tǫpu (dual feminine genitive)
tǫpu (dual genitive neuter)
tǫpoma (dative dual masculine)
tǫpama (dative dual feminine)
tǫpoma (dative dual neuter)
tǫpa (accusative dual masculine)
tǫpě (accusative dual feminine)
tǫpě (accusative dual neuter)
tǫpoma (dual instrumental masculine)
tǫpama (dual feminine instrumental)
tǫpoma (dual instrumental neuter)
tǫpu (dual locative masculine)
tǫpu (dual feminine locative)
tǫpu (dual locative neuter)
tǫpa (dual masculine vocative)
tǫpě (dual feminine vocative)
tǫpě (dual neuter vocative)
tǫpi (masculine nominative plural)
tǫpy (feminine nominative plural)
tǫpa (neuter nominative plural)
tǫpъ (genitive masculine plural)
tǫpъ (feminine genitive plural)
tǫpъ (genitive neuter plural)
tǫpomъ (dative masculine plural)
tǫpamъ (dative feminine plural)
tǫpomъ (dative neuter plural)
tǫpy (accusative masculine plural)
tǫpy (accusative feminine plural)
tǫpa (accusative neuter plural)
tǫpy (instrumental masculine plural)
tǫpami (feminine instrumental plural)
tǫpy (instrumental neuter plural)
tǫpěxъ (locative masculine plural)
tǫpaxъ (feminine locative plural)
tǫpěxъ (locative neuter plural)
tǫpi (masculine plural vocative)
tǫpy (feminine plural vocative)
tǫpa (neuter plural vocative)
tǫpъjь (masculine nominative singular)
tǫpaja (feminine nominative singular)
tǫpoje (neuter nominative singular)
tǫpajego (genitive masculine singular)
tǫpyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
tǫpajego (genitive neuter singular)
tǫpujemu (dative masculine singular)
tǫpěji (dative feminine singular)
tǫpujemu (dative neuter singular)
tǫpъjь (accusative masculine singular)
tǫpǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
tǫpoje (accusative neuter singular)
tǫpyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
tǫpǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
tǫpyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
tǫpějemь (locative masculine singular)
tǫpěji (feminine locative singular)
tǫpějemь (locative neuter singular)
tǫpъjь (masculine singular vocative)
tǫpaja (feminine singular vocative)
tǫpoje (neuter singular vocative)
tǫpaja (dual masculine nominative)
tǫpěji (dual feminine nominative)
tǫpěji (dual neuter nominative)
tǫpuju (dual genitive masculine)
tǫpuju (dual feminine genitive)
tǫpuju (dual genitive neuter)
tǫpyjima (dative dual masculine)
tǫpyjima (dative dual feminine)
tǫpyjima (dative dual neuter)
tǫpaja (accusative dual masculine)
tǫpěji (accusative dual feminine)
tǫpěji (accusative dual neuter)
tǫpyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
tǫpyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
tǫpyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
tǫpuju (dual locative masculine)
tǫpuju (dual feminine locative)
tǫpuju (dual locative neuter)
tǫpaja (dual masculine vocative)
tǫpěji (dual feminine vocative)
tǫpěji (dual neuter vocative)
tǫpiji (masculine nominative plural)
tǫpyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
tǫpaja (neuter nominative plural)
tǫpъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
tǫpъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
tǫpъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
tǫpyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
tǫpyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
tǫpyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
tǫpyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
tǫpyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
tǫpaja (accusative neuter plural)
tǫpyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
tǫpyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
tǫpyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
tǫpyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
tǫpyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
tǫpyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
tǫpiji (masculine plural vocative)
tǫpyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
tǫpaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: тупъ (tupŭ)

Belarusian: тупы́ (tupý)

Russian: тупо́й (tupój)

Ukrainian: тупи́й (tupýj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: тѫпъ (tǫpŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱅⱘⱂⱏ (tǫpŭ)

Bulgarian: тъп (tǎp)

Macedonian: тап (tap)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: туп

Latin script: tup

Slovene: tȍp (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: tupý

Czech: tupý

Kashubian: tãpi

Old Polish: tępy

Polish: tępy

Silesian: tympy

Slovak: tupý

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: tupy

Upper Sorbian: tupy

Non-Slavic:

→ Romanian: tâmp

Perhaps from a nasal infix of Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewp- (“to push, to stamp”) or *(s)tep- (“to beat, to thrush”). Often speculated as a cognate of Lithuanian tamprùs (“tough, resilient”), Old Norse þambr (“thick, swollen”). Possibly further akin to Proto-Slavic *stǫpati (“to step onto”), Proto-Germanic *stampōną (“to stamp”) with s-mobile.


gъrdъ

gъ̑rdъ (canonical)
gъ̑rdъ (masculine nominative singular)
gъ̑rda (feminine nominative singular)
gъ̑rdo (neuter nominative singular)
gъ̑rda (genitive masculine singular)
gъ̑rdy (feminine genitive singular)
gъ̑rda (genitive neuter singular)
gъ̑rdu (dative masculine singular)
gъ̑rdě (dative feminine singular)
gъ̑rdu (dative neuter singular)
gъ̑rdъ (accusative masculine singular)
gъ̑rdǫ (accusative feminine singular)
gъ̑rdo (accusative neuter singular)
gъ̑rdomь (instrumental masculine singular)
gъ̑rdojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
gъ̑rdomь (instrumental neuter singular)
gъ̑rdě (locative masculine singular)
gъ̑rdě (feminine locative singular)
gъ̑rdě (locative neuter singular)
gъ̑rde (masculine singular vocative)
gъ̑rdo (feminine singular vocative)
gъ̑rdo (neuter singular vocative)
gъ̑rda (dual masculine nominative)
gъ̑rdě (dual feminine nominative)
gъ̑rdě (dual neuter nominative)
gъ̑rdu (dual genitive masculine)
gъ̑rdu (dual feminine genitive)
gъ̑rdu (dual genitive neuter)
gъ̑rdoma (dative dual masculine)
gъ̑rdama (dative dual feminine)
gъ̑rdoma (dative dual neuter)
gъ̑rda (accusative dual masculine)
gъ̑rdě (accusative dual feminine)
gъ̑rdě (accusative dual neuter)
gъ̑rdoma (dual instrumental masculine)
gъ̑rdama (dual feminine instrumental)
gъ̑rdoma (dual instrumental neuter)
gъ̑rdu (dual locative masculine)
gъ̑rdu (dual feminine locative)
gъ̑rdu (dual locative neuter)
gъ̑rda (dual masculine vocative)
gъ̑rdě (dual feminine vocative)
gъ̑rdě (dual neuter vocative)
gъ̑rdi (masculine nominative plural)
gъ̑rdy (feminine nominative plural)
gъ̑rda (neuter nominative plural)
gъ̑rdъ (genitive masculine plural)
gъ̑rdъ (feminine genitive plural)
gъ̑rdъ (genitive neuter plural)
gъ̑rdomъ (dative masculine plural)
gъ̑rdamъ (dative feminine plural)
gъ̑rdomъ (dative neuter plural)
gъ̑rdy (accusative masculine plural)
gъ̑rdy (accusative feminine plural)
gъ̑rda (accusative neuter plural)
gъ̑rdy (instrumental masculine plural)
gъ̑rdami (feminine instrumental plural)
gъ̑rdy (instrumental neuter plural)
gъ̑rděxъ (locative masculine plural)
gъ̑rdaxъ (feminine locative plural)
gъ̑rděxъ (locative neuter plural)
gъ̑rdi (masculine plural vocative)
gъ̑rdy (feminine plural vocative)
gъ̑rda (neuter plural vocative)
gъ̑rdъjь (masculine nominative singular)
gъ̑rdaja (feminine nominative singular)
gъ̑rdoje (neuter nominative singular)
gъ̑rdajego (genitive masculine singular)
gъ̑rdyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
gъ̑rdajego (genitive neuter singular)
gъ̑rdujemu (dative masculine singular)
gъ̑rději (dative feminine singular)
gъ̑rdujemu (dative neuter singular)
gъ̑rdъjь (accusative masculine singular)
gъ̑rdǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
gъ̑rdoje (accusative neuter singular)
gъ̑rdyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
gъ̑rdǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
gъ̑rdyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
gъ̑rdějemь (locative masculine singular)
gъ̑rději (feminine locative singular)
gъ̑rdějemь (locative neuter singular)
gъ̑rdъjь (masculine singular vocative)
gъ̑rdaja (feminine singular vocative)
gъ̑rdoje (neuter singular vocative)
gъ̑rdaja (dual masculine nominative)
gъ̑rději (dual feminine nominative)
gъ̑rději (dual neuter nominative)
gъ̑rduju (dual genitive masculine)
gъ̑rduju (dual feminine genitive)
gъ̑rduju (dual genitive neuter)
gъ̑rdyjima (dative dual masculine)
gъ̑rdyjima (dative dual feminine)
gъ̑rdyjima (dative dual neuter)
gъ̑rdaja (accusative dual masculine)
gъ̑rději (accusative dual feminine)
gъ̑rději (accusative dual neuter)
gъ̑rdyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
gъ̑rdyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
gъ̑rdyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
gъ̑rduju (dual locative masculine)
gъ̑rduju (dual feminine locative)
gъ̑rduju (dual locative neuter)
gъ̑rdaja (dual masculine vocative)
gъ̑rději (dual feminine vocative)
gъ̑rději (dual neuter vocative)
gъ̑rdiji (masculine nominative plural)
gъ̑rdyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
gъ̑rdaja (neuter nominative plural)
gъ̑rdъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
gъ̑rdъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
gъ̑rdъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
gъ̑rdyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
gъ̑rdyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
gъ̑rdyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
gъ̑rdyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
gъ̑rdyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
gъ̑rdaja (accusative neuter plural)
gъ̑rdyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
gъ̑rdyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
gъ̑rdyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
gъ̑rdyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
gъ̑rdyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
gъ̑rdyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
gъ̑rdiji (masculine plural vocative)
gъ̑rdyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
gъ̑rdaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: го́рды (hórdy)

Russian: го́рдый (górdyj)

Ukrainian: го́рдий (hórdyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: гръдъ (grŭdŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰳⱃⱏⰴⱏ (grŭdŭ)

Macedonian: горд (gord)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: гр̑д

Latin: gȓd

Slovene: gȓd (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: hrdý

Czech: hrdý

→ Polish: hardy

→ Kashubian: hardy

Middle Polish: gardy

Kashubian: hardi, gardi

Slovak: hrdý

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: gjardy

Upper Sorbian: hordy

Derksen reconstructs Proto-Balto-Slavic *gurˀdus, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥dus, *gʷrd-o- (“slow, heavy, tired”), see also Lithuanian gurdùs, Latvian gur̃ds (“tired”), Ancient Greek βραδύς (bradús, “slow”). The problem here is Slavic mobility with circumflex.
To ameliorate the problem, Matasović proposes to derive the word from an old compound *gʷrH-dʰh₁o, derived from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH- (“'to express approval, praise'”) and Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“'to do, make, put'”), with the semantic shift of 'making praises' > 'haughty, prepotent' > 'proud'. An exact parallel of the form can also be found in Proto-Celtic *bardos (“'bard'”), whence also English bard.

quote-journal

(Can we date this quote?), Ranko Matasović, “Seven Slavic etymologies: *ędro, *gъrdъ, *koristь, *kosъ, *myslь, *naglъ, *němъ”, in Perspectives of Slavonic Etymology:


tixъ

tixъ (masculine nominative singular)
tixa (feminine nominative singular)
tixo (neuter nominative singular)
tixa (genitive masculine singular)
tixy (feminine genitive singular)
tixa (genitive neuter singular)
tixu (dative masculine singular)
tiśě (dative feminine singular)
tixu (dative neuter singular)
tixъ (accusative masculine singular)
tixǫ (accusative feminine singular)
tixo (accusative neuter singular)
tixomь (instrumental masculine singular)
tixojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
tixomь (instrumental neuter singular)
tiśě (locative masculine singular)
tiśě (feminine locative singular)
tiśě (locative neuter singular)
tiše (masculine singular vocative)
tixo (feminine singular vocative)
tixo (neuter singular vocative)
tixa (dual masculine nominative)
tiśě (dual feminine nominative)
tiśě (dual neuter nominative)
tixu (dual genitive masculine)
tixu (dual feminine genitive)
tixu (dual genitive neuter)
tixoma (dative dual masculine)
tixama (dative dual feminine)
tixoma (dative dual neuter)
tixa (accusative dual masculine)
tiśě (accusative dual feminine)
tiśě (accusative dual neuter)
tixoma (dual instrumental masculine)
tixama (dual feminine instrumental)
tixoma (dual instrumental neuter)
tixu (dual locative masculine)
tixu (dual feminine locative)
tixu (dual locative neuter)
tixa (dual masculine vocative)
tiśě (dual feminine vocative)
tiśě (dual neuter vocative)
tiśi (masculine nominative plural)
tixy (feminine nominative plural)
tixa (neuter nominative plural)
tixъ (genitive masculine plural)
tixъ (feminine genitive plural)
tixъ (genitive neuter plural)
tixomъ (dative masculine plural)
tixamъ (dative feminine plural)
tixomъ (dative neuter plural)
tixy (accusative masculine plural)
tixy (accusative feminine plural)
tixa (accusative neuter plural)
tixy (instrumental masculine plural)
tixami (feminine instrumental plural)
tixy (instrumental neuter plural)
tiśěxъ (locative masculine plural)
tixaxъ (feminine locative plural)
tiśěxъ (locative neuter plural)
tiśi (masculine plural vocative)
tixy (feminine plural vocative)
tixa (neuter plural vocative)
tixъjь (masculine nominative singular)
tixaja (feminine nominative singular)
tixoje (neuter nominative singular)
tixajego (genitive masculine singular)
tixyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
tixajego (genitive neuter singular)
tixujemu (dative masculine singular)
tiśěji (dative feminine singular)
tixujemu (dative neuter singular)
tixъjь (accusative masculine singular)
tixǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
tixoje (accusative neuter singular)
tixyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
tixǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
tixyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
tiśějemь (locative masculine singular)
tiśěji (feminine locative singular)
tiśějemь (locative neuter singular)
tixъjь (masculine singular vocative)
tixaja (feminine singular vocative)
tixoje (neuter singular vocative)
tixaja (dual masculine nominative)
tiśěji (dual feminine nominative)
tiśěji (dual neuter nominative)
tixuju (dual genitive masculine)
tixuju (dual feminine genitive)
tixuju (dual genitive neuter)
tixyjima (dative dual masculine)
tixyjima (dative dual feminine)
tixyjima (dative dual neuter)
tixaja (accusative dual masculine)
tiśěji (accusative dual feminine)
tiśěji (accusative dual neuter)
tixyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
tixyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
tixyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
tixuju (dual locative masculine)
tixuju (dual feminine locative)
tixuju (dual locative neuter)
tixaja (dual masculine vocative)
tiśěji (dual feminine vocative)
tiśěji (dual neuter vocative)
tiśiji (masculine nominative plural)
tixyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
tixaja (neuter nominative plural)
tixъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
tixъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
tixъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
tixyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
tixyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
tixyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
tixyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
tixyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
tixaja (accusative neuter plural)
tixyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
tixyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
tixyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
tixyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
tixyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
tixyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
tiśiji (masculine plural vocative)
tixyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
tixaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: тихыи (tixyi)

desc

Old Ruthenian: тихїй (tixij), тихый (tixyj)

Belarusian: ці́хі (cíxi)

Ukrainian: ти́хий (týxyj)

Russian: ти́хий (tíxij)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: тихъ (tixŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱅⰻⱈⱏ (tixŭ)

Bulgarian: тих (tih)

Macedonian: тих (tih)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ти̏х

Latin script: tȉh

Slovene: tȋh (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: tichý

Czech: tichý

desctree

Old Polish: cichy, cich
Polish: cichy
Silesian: cichy

Old Slovak: cichý, tichý

Pannonian Rusyn: цихи (cixi)

Slovak: tichý

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: ćichi

Lower Sorbian: śichy

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *teišus. Cognate with Lithuanian teisus.


silьnъ

silьnъ (masculine nominative singular)
silьna (feminine nominative singular)
silьno (neuter nominative singular)
silьna (genitive masculine singular)
silьny (feminine genitive singular)
silьna (genitive neuter singular)
silьnu (dative masculine singular)
silьně (dative feminine singular)
silьnu (dative neuter singular)
silьnъ (accusative masculine singular)
silьnǫ (accusative feminine singular)
silьno (accusative neuter singular)
silьnomь (instrumental masculine singular)
silьnojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
silьnomь (instrumental neuter singular)
silьně (locative masculine singular)
silьně (feminine locative singular)
silьně (locative neuter singular)
silьne (masculine singular vocative)
silьno (feminine singular vocative)
silьno (neuter singular vocative)
silьna (dual masculine nominative)
silьně (dual feminine nominative)
silьně (dual neuter nominative)
silьnu (dual genitive masculine)
silьnu (dual feminine genitive)
silьnu (dual genitive neuter)
silьnoma (dative dual masculine)
silьnama (dative dual feminine)
silьnoma (dative dual neuter)
silьna (accusative dual masculine)
silьně (accusative dual feminine)
silьně (accusative dual neuter)
silьnoma (dual instrumental masculine)
silьnama (dual feminine instrumental)
silьnoma (dual instrumental neuter)
silьnu (dual locative masculine)
silьnu (dual feminine locative)
silьnu (dual locative neuter)
silьna (dual masculine vocative)
silьně (dual feminine vocative)
silьně (dual neuter vocative)
silьni (masculine nominative plural)
silьny (feminine nominative plural)
silьna (neuter nominative plural)
silьnъ (genitive masculine plural)
silьnъ (feminine genitive plural)
silьnъ (genitive neuter plural)
silьnomъ (dative masculine plural)
silьnamъ (dative feminine plural)
silьnomъ (dative neuter plural)
silьny (accusative masculine plural)
silьny (accusative feminine plural)
silьna (accusative neuter plural)
silьny (instrumental masculine plural)
silьnami (feminine instrumental plural)
silьny (instrumental neuter plural)
silьněxъ (locative masculine plural)
silьnaxъ (feminine locative plural)
silьněxъ (locative neuter plural)
silьni (masculine plural vocative)
silьny (feminine plural vocative)
silьna (neuter plural vocative)
silьnъjь (masculine nominative singular)
silьnaja (feminine nominative singular)
silьnoje (neuter nominative singular)
silьnajego (genitive masculine singular)
silьnyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
silьnajego (genitive neuter singular)
silьnujemu (dative masculine singular)
silьněji (dative feminine singular)
silьnujemu (dative neuter singular)
silьnъjь (accusative masculine singular)
silьnǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
silьnoje (accusative neuter singular)
silьnyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
silьnǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
silьnyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
silьnějemь (locative masculine singular)
silьněji (feminine locative singular)
silьnějemь (locative neuter singular)
silьnъjь (masculine singular vocative)
silьnaja (feminine singular vocative)
silьnoje (neuter singular vocative)
silьnaja (dual masculine nominative)
silьněji (dual feminine nominative)
silьněji (dual neuter nominative)
silьnuju (dual genitive masculine)
silьnuju (dual feminine genitive)
silьnuju (dual genitive neuter)
silьnyjima (dative dual masculine)
silьnyjima (dative dual feminine)
silьnyjima (dative dual neuter)
silьnaja (accusative dual masculine)
silьněji (accusative dual feminine)
silьněji (accusative dual neuter)
silьnyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
silьnyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
silьnyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
silьnuju (dual locative masculine)
silьnuju (dual feminine locative)
silьnuju (dual locative neuter)
silьnaja (dual masculine vocative)
silьněji (dual feminine vocative)
silьněji (dual neuter vocative)
silьniji (masculine nominative plural)
silьnyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
silьnaja (neuter nominative plural)
silьnъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
silьnъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
silьnъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
silьnyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
silьnyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
silьnyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
silьnyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
silьnyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
silьnaja (accusative neuter plural)
silьnyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
silьnyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
silьnyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
silьnyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
silьnyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
silьnyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
silьniji (masculine plural vocative)
silьnyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
silьnaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: сі́льны (sílʹny) (rare)

Russian: си́льный (sílʹnyj)

Ukrainian: си́льний (sýlʹnyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: сильнъ (silĭnŭ)

Bulgarian: си́лен (sílen)

Macedonian: си́лен (sílen)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: си̑лан

Latin script: sȋlan

Slovene: sȋlen (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: sëlny

Old Czech: silný

Czech: silný

Old Polish: silny
Polish: silny
Silesian: siylny

Slovak: silný

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: sylny (archaic)

Upper Sorbian: sylny


širokъ

širòkъ (canonical)
širokъ (masculine nominative singular)
široka (feminine nominative singular)
široko (neuter nominative singular)
široka (genitive masculine singular)
široky (feminine genitive singular)
široka (genitive neuter singular)
široku (dative masculine singular)
širocě (dative feminine singular)
široku (dative neuter singular)
širokъ (accusative masculine singular)
širokǫ (accusative feminine singular)
široko (accusative neuter singular)
širokomь (instrumental masculine singular)
širokojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
širokomь (instrumental neuter singular)
širocě (locative masculine singular)
širocě (feminine locative singular)
širocě (locative neuter singular)
široče (masculine singular vocative)
široko (feminine singular vocative)
široko (neuter singular vocative)
široka (dual masculine nominative)
širocě (dual feminine nominative)
širocě (dual neuter nominative)
široku (dual genitive masculine)
široku (dual feminine genitive)
široku (dual genitive neuter)
širokoma (dative dual masculine)
širokama (dative dual feminine)
širokoma (dative dual neuter)
široka (accusative dual masculine)
širocě (accusative dual feminine)
širocě (accusative dual neuter)
širokoma (dual instrumental masculine)
širokama (dual feminine instrumental)
širokoma (dual instrumental neuter)
široku (dual locative masculine)
široku (dual feminine locative)
široku (dual locative neuter)
široka (dual masculine vocative)
širocě (dual feminine vocative)
širocě (dual neuter vocative)
široci (masculine nominative plural)
široky (feminine nominative plural)
široka (neuter nominative plural)
širokъ (genitive masculine plural)
širokъ (feminine genitive plural)
širokъ (genitive neuter plural)
širokomъ (dative masculine plural)
širokamъ (dative feminine plural)
širokomъ (dative neuter plural)
široky (accusative masculine plural)
široky (accusative feminine plural)
široka (accusative neuter plural)
široky (instrumental masculine plural)
širokami (feminine instrumental plural)
široky (instrumental neuter plural)
širocěxъ (locative masculine plural)
širokaxъ (feminine locative plural)
širocěxъ (locative neuter plural)
široci (masculine plural vocative)
široky (feminine plural vocative)
široka (neuter plural vocative)
širokъjь (masculine nominative singular)
širokaja (feminine nominative singular)
širokoje (neuter nominative singular)
širokajego (genitive masculine singular)
širokyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
širokajego (genitive neuter singular)
širokujemu (dative masculine singular)
širocěji (dative feminine singular)
širokujemu (dative neuter singular)
širokъjь (accusative masculine singular)
širokǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
širokoje (accusative neuter singular)
širokyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
širokǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
širokyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
širocějemь (locative masculine singular)
širocěji (feminine locative singular)
širocějemь (locative neuter singular)
širokъjь (masculine singular vocative)
širokaja (feminine singular vocative)
širokoje (neuter singular vocative)
širokaja (dual masculine nominative)
širocěji (dual feminine nominative)
širocěji (dual neuter nominative)
širokuju (dual genitive masculine)
širokuju (dual feminine genitive)
širokuju (dual genitive neuter)
širokyjima (dative dual masculine)
širokyjima (dative dual feminine)
širokyjima (dative dual neuter)
širokaja (accusative dual masculine)
širocěji (accusative dual feminine)
širocěji (accusative dual neuter)
širokyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
širokyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
širokyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
širokuju (dual locative masculine)
širokuju (dual feminine locative)
širokuju (dual locative neuter)
širokaja (dual masculine vocative)
širocěji (dual feminine vocative)
širocěji (dual neuter vocative)
širociji (masculine nominative plural)
širokyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
širokaja (neuter nominative plural)
širokъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
širokъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
širokъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
širokyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
širokyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
širokyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
širokyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
širokyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
širokaja (accusative neuter plural)
širokyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
širokyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
širokyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
širokyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
širokyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
širokyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
širociji (masculine plural vocative)
širokyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
širokaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: широкъ (širokŭ)

Old Ruthenian: широкїй (širokij), шыро́кїй (šyrókij)
Belarusian: шыро́кі (šyróki)
Carpathian Rusyn: широ́кый (šyrókŷj), шыро́кый (šŷrókŷj)
Ukrainian: широ́кий (šyrókyj)

Russian: широ́кий (širókij)

Old Novgorodian: широке (široke)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: широкъ (širokŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱎⰻⱃⱁⰽⱏ (širokŭ)

Bulgarian: широк (širok)

Macedonian: широк (širok)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: шѝрок

Latin script: šìrok

Slovene: širȍk (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: široký
Czech: široký

Old Polish: szyroki
Polish: szeroki, szyrok, szyroki (Middle Polish)
→ Old Ruthenian: шеро́кїй (šerókij)
Silesian: szyroki

Old Slovak: široký

Pannonian Rusyn: широки (široki)

Slovak: široký

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: szeroczi

Slovincian: szërôkjy

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: šyroki

Upper Sorbian: šěroki

Formed as *širь (“scope, vast”) + *-okъ.


ortь

ȏrtь (nominative singular)
ȏrti (dual nominative)
ȏrti (nominative plural)
ortí (genitive singular)
ortьjù (dual genitive)
ortь̀jь (genitive plural)
ȏrti (dative singular)
ortьmà (dative dual)
ȏrtьmъ (dative plural)
ȏrtь (accusative singular)
ȏrti (accusative dual)
ȏrti (accusative plural)
ortьjǫ́ (instrumental singular)
ortьmà (dual instrumental)
ortьmì (instrumental plural)
ortí (locative singular)
ortьjù (dual locative)
ȏrtьxъ (locative plural)
orti (singular vocative)
ȏrti (dual vocative)
ȏrti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: раць (racʹ)

Russian: рать (ratʹ) (poetic, archaic)

Ukrainian: рать (ratʹ) (poetic, dated)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: рать (ratĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱃⰰⱅⱐ (ratĭ)

Bulgarian: рат (rat) (antiquated)

Macedonian: рат (rat) (archaic)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ра̏т

Latin script: rȁt

West Slavic:

Czech: rať

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- (“to stir, rise”) + *-tь. Compare Latvian errueties (“get angry”).
Other Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek ἔρις (éris, “quarrel”), ἐρίζω (erízō, “to challenge, to dispute”) and Sanskrit ऋति (ṛti, “attack”).


esenь

ȅsenь (canonical feminine)
ȅsenь (nominative singular)
ȅseni (dual nominative)
ȅseni (nominative plural)
esení (genitive singular)
esenьjù (dual genitive)
esenь̀jь (genitive plural)
ȅseni (dative singular)
esenьmà (dative dual)
ȅsenьmъ (dative plural)
ȅsenь (accusative singular)
ȅseni (accusative dual)
ȅseni (accusative plural)
esenьjǫ́ (instrumental singular)
esenьmà (dual instrumental)
esenьmì (instrumental plural)
esení (locative singular)
esenьjù (dual locative)
ȅsenьxъ (locative plural)
eseni (singular vocative)
ȅseni (dual vocative)
ȅseni (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: осень (osenĭ)

Old Ruthenian: осень (osenʹ)

Belarusian: во́сень (vósjenʹ)

Carpathian Rusyn: осї́нь (osjínʹ)

Ukrainian: о́сінь (ósinʹ)

Russian: о́сень (ósenʹ)

Old Novgorodian: осень (osenĭ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⰵⱄⰵⱀⱐ (esenĭ)

Old Cyrillic script: ѥсень (jesenĭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: је̏се̄н

Latin script: jȅsēn

Slovene: jesén

West Slavic:

Czech: jeseň

Kashubian: jeséń

Polabian: jisin

Polish: jesień

Old Slovak: jeseň

Pannonian Rusyn: єшень (ješenʹ)

Slovak: jeseň

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *esenis, *asenis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es-en- (“harvest season”). Cognate with Sudovian asenis, Old Prussian assanis, Proto-Germanic *azaniz.


rědъkъ

rědъkъ (masculine nominative singular)
rědъka (feminine nominative singular)
rědъko (neuter nominative singular)
rědъka (genitive masculine singular)
rědъky (feminine genitive singular)
rědъka (genitive neuter singular)
rědъku (dative masculine singular)
rědъkě (dative feminine singular)
rědъku (dative neuter singular)
rědъkъ (accusative masculine singular)
rědъkǫ (accusative feminine singular)
rědъko (accusative neuter singular)
rědъkomь (instrumental masculine singular)
rědъkojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
rědъkomь (instrumental neuter singular)
rědъkě (locative masculine singular)
rědъkě (feminine locative singular)
rědъkě (locative neuter singular)
rědъke (masculine singular vocative)
rědъko (feminine singular vocative)
rědъko (neuter singular vocative)
rědъka (dual masculine nominative)
rědъkě (dual feminine nominative)
rědъkě (dual neuter nominative)
rědъku (dual genitive masculine)
rědъku (dual feminine genitive)
rědъku (dual genitive neuter)
rědъkoma (dative dual masculine)
rědъkama (dative dual feminine)
rědъkoma (dative dual neuter)
rědъka (accusative dual masculine)
rědъkě (accusative dual feminine)
rědъkě (accusative dual neuter)
rědъkoma (dual instrumental masculine)
rědъkama (dual feminine instrumental)
rědъkoma (dual instrumental neuter)
rědъku (dual locative masculine)
rědъku (dual feminine locative)
rědъku (dual locative neuter)
rědъka (dual masculine vocative)
rědъkě (dual feminine vocative)
rědъkě (dual neuter vocative)
rědъki (masculine nominative plural)
rědъky (feminine nominative plural)
rědъka (neuter nominative plural)
rědъkъ (genitive masculine plural)
rědъkъ (feminine genitive plural)
rědъkъ (genitive neuter plural)
rědъkomъ (dative masculine plural)
rědъkamъ (dative feminine plural)
rědъkomъ (dative neuter plural)
rědъky (accusative masculine plural)
rědъky (accusative feminine plural)
rědъka (accusative neuter plural)
rědъky (instrumental masculine plural)
rědъkami (feminine instrumental plural)
rědъky (instrumental neuter plural)
rědъkěxъ (locative masculine plural)
rědъkaxъ (feminine locative plural)
rědъkěxъ (locative neuter plural)
rědъki (masculine plural vocative)
rědъky (feminine plural vocative)
rědъka (neuter plural vocative)
rědъkъjь (masculine nominative singular)
rědъkaja (feminine nominative singular)
rědъkoje (neuter nominative singular)
rědъkajego (genitive masculine singular)
rědъkyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
rědъkajego (genitive neuter singular)
rědъkujemu (dative masculine singular)
rědъkěji (dative feminine singular)
rědъkujemu (dative neuter singular)
rědъkъjь (accusative masculine singular)
rědъkǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
rědъkoje (accusative neuter singular)
rědъkyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
rědъkǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
rědъkyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
rědъkějemь (locative masculine singular)
rědъkěji (feminine locative singular)
rědъkějemь (locative neuter singular)
rědъkъjь (masculine singular vocative)
rědъkaja (feminine singular vocative)
rědъkoje (neuter singular vocative)
rědъkaja (dual masculine nominative)
rědъkěji (dual feminine nominative)
rědъkěji (dual neuter nominative)
rědъkuju (dual genitive masculine)
rědъkuju (dual feminine genitive)
rědъkuju (dual genitive neuter)
rědъkyjima (dative dual masculine)
rědъkyjima (dative dual feminine)
rědъkyjima (dative dual neuter)
rědъkaja (accusative dual masculine)
rědъkěji (accusative dual feminine)
rědъkěji (accusative dual neuter)
rědъkyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
rědъkyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
rědъkyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
rědъkuju (dual locative masculine)
rědъkuju (dual feminine locative)
rědъkuju (dual locative neuter)
rědъkaja (dual masculine vocative)
rědъkěji (dual feminine vocative)
rědъkěji (dual neuter vocative)
rědъkiji (masculine nominative plural)
rědъkyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
rědъkaja (neuter nominative plural)
rědъkъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
rědъkъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
rědъkъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
rědъkyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
rědъkyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
rědъkyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
rědъkyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
rědъkyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
rědъkaja (accusative neuter plural)
rědъkyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
rědъkyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
rědъkyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
rědъkyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
rědъkyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
rědъkyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
rědъkiji (masculine plural vocative)
rědъkyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
rědъkaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *рѣдъкъ (*rědŭkŭ)

Old Ruthenian: рѣдкїй (rědkij)

Belarusian: рэ́дкі (rédki)

Carpathian Rusyn: рїдкы́й (rjidkŷ́j)

Ukrainian: рідки́й (ridkýj)

Russian: ре́дкий (rédkij)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: рѣдъкъ (rědŭkŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱃⱑⰴⱏⰽⱏ (rědŭkŭ)

Bulgarian: ря́дък (rjádǎk)

Macedonian: редок (redok)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ре́дак, рије́дак

Latin script: rédak, rijédak

Slovene: rẹ́dək (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: řiedký

Czech: řídký

Polabian: *ŕodťĕ

Polish: rzadki

Old Slovak: rédky, rídky, riedky

Pannonian Rusyn: ридки (ridki)

Slovak: riedky

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: rědki

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *rēdas, *rētas, probably further from Proto-Indo-European *h₁réh₁ (“loose, sparse, rare; to break down, to fall to pieces”). By surface analysis, *rě̃dъ + *-ъkъ. Cognate with Latvian rēds, rets, Lithuanian rẽtas.


nastrojь

nastrojь (nominative singular)
nastroji (dual nominative)
nastrojьje (nominative plural)
nastroji (genitive singular)
nastrojьju (dual genitive)
nastrojьjь (genitive plural)
nastroji (dative singular)
nastrojьma (dative dual)
nastrojьmъ (dative plural)
nastrojь (accusative singular)
nastroji (accusative dual)
nastroji (accusative plural)
nastrojьmь (instrumental singular)
nastrojьma (dual instrumental)
nastrojьmi (instrumental plural)
nastroji (locative singular)
nastrojьju (dual locative)
nastrojьxъ (locative plural)
nastroji (singular vocative)
nastroji (dual vocative)
nastrojьje (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: настрои (nastroi)

Belarusian: настро́й (nastrój)

Russian: настро́й (nastrój)

Ukrainian: на́стрій (nástrij)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: настрои (nastroi)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: настрой (nastroj)

Macedonian: настрои (nastroi)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: настроj

Latin script: nastroj

Slovene: nastrój

West Slavic:

Czech: nástroj

Polish: nastrój

Slovak: nástroj

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian:

From Proto-Slavic *na- + *strojь, see *strojiti.


plěsnь

plěsnь (nominative singular)
plěsni (dual nominative)
plěsni (nominative plural)
plěsni (genitive singular)
plěsnьju (dual genitive)
plěsnьjь (genitive plural)
plěsni (dative singular)
plěsnьma (dative dual)
plěsnьmъ (dative plural)
plěsnь (accusative singular)
plěsni (accusative dual)
plěsni (accusative plural)
plěsnьjǫ (instrumental singular)
plěsnьma (dual instrumental)
plěsnьmi (instrumental plural)
plěsni (locative singular)
plěsnьju (dual locative)
plěsnьxъ (locative plural)
plěsni (singular vocative)
plěsni (dual vocative)
plěsni (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: пле́сня (pljésnja)

Russian: пле́сень (plésenʹ)

Ukrainian: плісня́ (plisnjá)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: плѣшнь (plěšnĭ)

Bulgarian: пле́сен (plésen)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: плијесан

Latin script: plijesan, (čakavisch) plešnja

Slovene: plệsən (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: plésn

Czech: plíseň

Old Polish: pleśń

Polish: pleśń

Silesian: pleś

Polabian: plesĕn

Slovak: pleseň

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: plěseń

Upper Sorbian: plěsń, plěsnje

Cognate with Lithuanian pelė̃sis and Latvian pelēt


kolě

East Slavic:

Belarusian: калі́ (kalí)

desc

Russian: ко́ли (kóli, “if”), коли́ (kolí, “when”), коль (kolʹ, “if”)

Carpathian Rusyn: коли (koly, “if/when”)

Ukrainian: коли́ (kolý)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: коли (koli), коль (kolĭ)

Glagolitic: ⰽⱁⰾⰹ (koli)

Bulgarian: коле (kole)

Slovene: kòli

*ko + *li. The first part is the pronoun Proto-Indo-European *kʷos, the second part of the compound is the Slavic particle *li.