ryďь

ryďь (masculine nominative singular)
ryďa (feminine nominative singular)
ryďe (neuter nominative singular)
ryďa (genitive masculine singular)
ryďę̇ (feminine genitive singular)
ryďa (genitive neuter singular)
ryďu (dative masculine singular)
ryďi (dative feminine singular)
ryďu (dative neuter singular)
ryďь (accusative masculine singular)
ryďǫ (accusative feminine singular)
ryďe (accusative neuter singular)
ryďemь (instrumental masculine singular)
ryďejǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
ryďemь (instrumental neuter singular)
ryďi (locative masculine singular)
ryďi (feminine locative singular)
ryďi (locative neuter singular)
ryďu (masculine singular vocative)
ryďe (feminine singular vocative)
ryďe (neuter singular vocative)
ryďa (dual masculine nominative)
ryďi (dual feminine nominative)
ryďi (dual neuter nominative)
ryďu (dual genitive masculine)
ryďu (dual feminine genitive)
ryďu (dual genitive neuter)
ryďema (dative dual masculine)
ryďama (dative dual feminine)
ryďema (dative dual neuter)
ryďa (accusative dual masculine)
ryďi (accusative dual feminine)
ryďi (accusative dual neuter)
ryďema (dual instrumental masculine)
ryďama (dual feminine instrumental)
ryďema (dual instrumental neuter)
ryďu (dual locative masculine)
ryďu (dual feminine locative)
ryďu (dual locative neuter)
ryďa (dual masculine vocative)
ryďi (dual feminine vocative)
ryďi (dual neuter vocative)
ryďi (masculine nominative plural)
ryďę̇ (feminine nominative plural)
ryďa (neuter nominative plural)
ryďь (genitive masculine plural)
ryďь (feminine genitive plural)
ryďь (genitive neuter plural)
ryďemъ (dative masculine plural)
ryďamъ (dative feminine plural)
ryďemъ (dative neuter plural)
ryďę̇ (accusative masculine plural)
ryďę̇ (accusative feminine plural)
ryďa (accusative neuter plural)
ryďi (instrumental masculine plural)
ryďami (feminine instrumental plural)
ryďi (instrumental neuter plural)
ryďixъ (locative masculine plural)
ryďaxъ (feminine locative plural)
ryďixъ (locative neuter plural)
ryďi (masculine plural vocative)
ryďę̇ (feminine plural vocative)
ryďa (neuter plural vocative)
ryďьjь (masculine nominative singular)
ryďaja (feminine nominative singular)
ryďeje (neuter nominative singular)
ryďajego (genitive masculine singular)
ryďę̇ję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
ryďajego (genitive neuter singular)
ryďujemu (dative masculine singular)
ryďiji (dative feminine singular)
ryďujemu (dative neuter singular)
ryďьjь (accusative masculine singular)
ryďǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
ryďeje (accusative neuter singular)
ryďijimь (instrumental masculine singular)
ryďǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
ryďijimь (instrumental neuter singular)
ryďijemь (locative masculine singular)
ryďiji (feminine locative singular)
ryďijemь (locative neuter singular)
ryďьjь (masculine singular vocative)
ryďaja (feminine singular vocative)
ryďeje (neuter singular vocative)
ryďaja (dual masculine nominative)
ryďiji (dual feminine nominative)
ryďiji (dual neuter nominative)
ryďuju (dual genitive masculine)
ryďuju (dual feminine genitive)
ryďuju (dual genitive neuter)
ryďijima (dative dual masculine)
ryďijima (dative dual feminine)
ryďijima (dative dual neuter)
ryďaja (accusative dual masculine)
ryďiji (accusative dual feminine)
ryďiji (accusative dual neuter)
ryďijima (dual instrumental masculine)
ryďijima (dual feminine instrumental)
ryďijima (dual instrumental neuter)
ryďuju (dual locative masculine)
ryďuju (dual feminine locative)
ryďuju (dual locative neuter)
ryďaja (dual masculine vocative)
ryďiji (dual feminine vocative)
ryďiji (dual neuter vocative)
ryďiji (masculine nominative plural)
ryďę̇ję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
ryďaja (neuter nominative plural)
ryďьjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
ryďьjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
ryďьjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
ryďijimъ (dative masculine plural)
ryďijimъ (dative feminine plural)
ryďijimъ (dative neuter plural)
ryďę̇ję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
ryďę̇ję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
ryďaja (accusative neuter plural)
ryďijimi (instrumental masculine plural)
ryďijimi (feminine instrumental plural)
ryďijimi (instrumental neuter plural)
ryďijixъ (locative masculine plural)
ryďijixъ (feminine locative plural)
ryďijixъ (locative neuter plural)
ryďiji (masculine plural vocative)
ryďę̇ję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
ryďaja (neuter plural vocative)

Church Slavonic: рꙑждь (ryždĭ)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: рꙑжь (ryžĭ)

Belarusian: ры́жы (rýžy)

→ Polish: ryży

Russian: ры́жий (rýžij)

Ukrainian: ри́жий (rýžyj)

Old Pskovian: рꙑꙁь (ryźĭ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: рꙑждь (ryždĭ)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: риж (riž)

Macedonian:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ри̑ђ

Latin script: rȋđ

Slovene: rȋdž

West Slavic:

Czech: ryzí (“pure”)

Polabian: råiʒĕ

Old Polish: rydzy

Polish: rydzy (dialectal or obsolete)

⇒ Polish: rydz

Slovak: rýdzi

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: ryzy

Lower Sorbian: ryzy

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *rūˀdjas, from Pre-Balto-Slavic *h₁ruHdʰ-yo-s, lengthened grade of Proto-Indo-European *h₁rudʰ-yo-s, from *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”). Morphologically *ryd- + *-jь.
Balto-Slavic cognates include
Lithuanian rūdi̇̀s, rūdýti, rūdė́ti, rūdýnas, rūdijà, rùdis.


rъděti

rъděnьje (noun-from-verb)
rъděti (infinitive)
rъdětъ (supine)
rъdělъ (l-participle)
rъděvъ (active participle past)
rъdę (active participle present)
rъděxъ (aorist first-person singular)
rъdě (aorist second-person singular)
rъdě (aorist singular third-person)
rъďǫ (first-person present singular)
rъdiši (present second-person singular)
rъditь (present singular third-person)
rъděxově (aorist dual first-person)
rъděsta (aorist dual second-person)
rъděste (aorist dual third-person)
rъdivě (dual first-person present)
rъdita (dual present second-person)
rъdite (dual present third-person)
rъděxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
rъděste (aorist plural second-person)
rъděšę (aorist plural third-person)
rъdimъ (first-person plural present)
rъdite (plural present second-person)
rъdętь (plural present third-person)
rъděaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
rъděaše (imperfect second-person singular)
rъděaše (imperfect singular third-person)
rъdi (imperative second-person singular)
rъdi (imperative singular third-person)
rъděaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
rъděašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
rъděašete (dual imperfect third-person)
rъdivě (dual first-person imperative)
rъdita (dual imperative second-person)
rъděaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
rъděašete (imperfect plural second-person)
rъděaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
rъdimъ (first-person imperative plural)
rъdite (imperative plural second-person)
rъděnьje (noun-from-verb)
rъděti (infinitive)
rъdětъ (supine)
rъdělъ (l-participle)
rъděvъ (active participle past)
rъděję (active participle present)
rъděxъ (aorist first-person singular)
rъdě (aorist second-person singular)
rъdě (aorist singular third-person)
rъdějǫ (first-person present singular)
rъděješi (present second-person singular)
rъdějetь (present singular third-person)
rъděxově (aorist dual first-person)
rъděsta (aorist dual second-person)
rъděste (aorist dual third-person)
rъdějevě (dual first-person present)
rъdějeta (dual present second-person)
rъdějete (dual present third-person)
rъděxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
rъděste (aorist plural second-person)
rъděšę (aorist plural third-person)
rъdějemъ (first-person plural present)
rъdějete (plural present second-person)
rъdějǫtь (plural present third-person)
rъděaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
rъděaše (imperfect second-person singular)
rъděaše (imperfect singular third-person)
rъději (imperative second-person singular)
rъději (imperative singular third-person)
rъděaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
rъděašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
rъděašete (dual imperfect third-person)
rъdějivě (dual first-person imperative)
rъdějita (dual imperative second-person)
rъděaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
rъděašete (imperfect plural second-person)
rъděaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
rъdějimъ (first-person imperative plural)
rъdějite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ръдѣти сѧ (rŭděti sę)

Belarusian:

Russian: рдеть (rdetʹ)

Ukrainian: рди́тися (rdýtysja)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: ръдѣти сѧ (rŭděti sę)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

desc

Macedonian: ру́дее (rúdee, “to redden”), ру́ди (rúdi, “to redden”)

Slovene: rdẹ́ti

West Slavic:

Czech: rdít

Old Polish: rdzieć

Slovak: rdieť sa

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *rudḗˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rudʰéh₁ti (“to be red”), from *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”).


pluťe

plūťè (canonical neuter)
plūťè (nominative singular)
plũťi (dual nominative)
plũťa (nominative plural)
plūťà (genitive singular)
pluťu (dual genitive)
plũťь (genitive plural)
plūťù (dative singular)
pluťema (dative dual)
plũťemъ (dative plural)
plūťè (accusative singular)
plũťi (accusative dual)
plũťa (accusative plural)
plūťь̀mь (instrumental singular)
plūťèmь (instrumental singular)
pluťema (dual instrumental)
plũťi (instrumental plural)
plūťì (locative singular)
pluťu (dual locative)
plũťixъ (locative plural)
plūťè (singular vocative)
plũťi (dual vocative)
plũťa (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

desc

Cyrillic script: плу́ћа (“lungs”, nom.pl.)

Latin script: plúća (“lungs”, nom.pl.)

West Slavic:

Polish: płuco (“lung”)

Silesian: puco (“lung”)

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *pláutja, from pre-Balto-Slavic *plówti n, from Proto-Indo-European *plow-.


rъdrъ

rъdrъ (masculine nominative singular)
rъdra (feminine nominative singular)
rъdro (neuter nominative singular)
rъdra (genitive masculine singular)
rъdry (feminine genitive singular)
rъdra (genitive neuter singular)
rъdru (dative masculine singular)
rъdrě (dative feminine singular)
rъdru (dative neuter singular)
rъdrъ (accusative masculine singular)
rъdrǫ (accusative feminine singular)
rъdro (accusative neuter singular)
rъdromь (instrumental masculine singular)
rъdrojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
rъdromь (instrumental neuter singular)
rъdrě (locative masculine singular)
rъdrě (feminine locative singular)
rъdrě (locative neuter singular)
rъdre (masculine singular vocative)
rъdro (feminine singular vocative)
rъdro (neuter singular vocative)
rъdra (dual masculine nominative)
rъdrě (dual feminine nominative)
rъdrě (dual neuter nominative)
rъdru (dual genitive masculine)
rъdru (dual feminine genitive)
rъdru (dual genitive neuter)
rъdroma (dative dual masculine)
rъdrama (dative dual feminine)
rъdroma (dative dual neuter)
rъdra (accusative dual masculine)
rъdrě (accusative dual feminine)
rъdrě (accusative dual neuter)
rъdroma (dual instrumental masculine)
rъdrama (dual feminine instrumental)
rъdroma (dual instrumental neuter)
rъdru (dual locative masculine)
rъdru (dual feminine locative)
rъdru (dual locative neuter)
rъdra (dual masculine vocative)
rъdrě (dual feminine vocative)
rъdrě (dual neuter vocative)
rъdri (masculine nominative plural)
rъdry (feminine nominative plural)
rъdra (neuter nominative plural)
rъdrъ (genitive masculine plural)
rъdrъ (feminine genitive plural)
rъdrъ (genitive neuter plural)
rъdromъ (dative masculine plural)
rъdramъ (dative feminine plural)
rъdromъ (dative neuter plural)
rъdry (accusative masculine plural)
rъdry (accusative feminine plural)
rъdra (accusative neuter plural)
rъdry (instrumental masculine plural)
rъdrami (feminine instrumental plural)
rъdry (instrumental neuter plural)
rъdrěxъ (locative masculine plural)
rъdraxъ (feminine locative plural)
rъdrěxъ (locative neuter plural)
rъdri (masculine plural vocative)
rъdry (feminine plural vocative)
rъdra (neuter plural vocative)
rъdrъjь (masculine nominative singular)
rъdraja (feminine nominative singular)
rъdroje (neuter nominative singular)
rъdrajego (genitive masculine singular)
rъdryję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
rъdrajego (genitive neuter singular)
rъdrujemu (dative masculine singular)
rъdrěji (dative feminine singular)
rъdrujemu (dative neuter singular)
rъdrъjь (accusative masculine singular)
rъdrǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
rъdroje (accusative neuter singular)
rъdryjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
rъdrǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
rъdryjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
rъdrějemь (locative masculine singular)
rъdrěji (feminine locative singular)
rъdrějemь (locative neuter singular)
rъdrъjь (masculine singular vocative)
rъdraja (feminine singular vocative)
rъdroje (neuter singular vocative)
rъdraja (dual masculine nominative)
rъdrěji (dual feminine nominative)
rъdrěji (dual neuter nominative)
rъdruju (dual genitive masculine)
rъdruju (dual feminine genitive)
rъdruju (dual genitive neuter)
rъdryjima (dative dual masculine)
rъdryjima (dative dual feminine)
rъdryjima (dative dual neuter)
rъdraja (accusative dual masculine)
rъdrěji (accusative dual feminine)
rъdrěji (accusative dual neuter)
rъdryjima (dual instrumental masculine)
rъdryjima (dual feminine instrumental)
rъdryjima (dual instrumental neuter)
rъdruju (dual locative masculine)
rъdruju (dual feminine locative)
rъdruju (dual locative neuter)
rъdraja (dual masculine vocative)
rъdrěji (dual feminine vocative)
rъdrěji (dual neuter vocative)
rъdriji (masculine nominative plural)
rъdryję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
rъdraja (neuter nominative plural)
rъdrъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
rъdrъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
rъdrъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
rъdryjimъ (dative masculine plural)
rъdryjimъ (dative feminine plural)
rъdryjimъ (dative neuter plural)
rъdryję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
rъdryję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
rъdraja (accusative neuter plural)
rъdryjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
rъdryjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
rъdryjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
rъdryjixъ (locative masculine plural)
rъdryjixъ (feminine locative plural)
rъdryjixъ (locative neuter plural)
rъdriji (masculine plural vocative)
rъdryję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
rъdraja (neuter plural vocative)
*rъdьrъ (alternative)

Church Slavonic: рьдьръ (rĭdĭrŭ) (Russian)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ръдръ (rŭdrŭ)

Russian: рёдрый (rjódryj) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: ръдръ (rŭdrŭ)

Glagolitic: ⱃⱏⰴⱃⱏ (rŭdrŭ)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *rudras, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rudʰ-rós. Morphologically *rъd- + *-rъ.
Cognate with
Sanskrit रुधिर (rudhira), रुद्र (rudra, “Rudra — deity name”) (possibly),
Ancient Greek ἐρυθρός (eruthrós),
Latin ruber,
Tocharian A rätraṃ, rtärye (“red”),
Tocharian B rätre (< *rutro-),
Old Norse roðra.


ruměnъ

ruměnъ (masculine nominative singular)
ruměna (feminine nominative singular)
ruměno (neuter nominative singular)
ruměna (genitive masculine singular)
ruměny (feminine genitive singular)
ruměna (genitive neuter singular)
ruměnu (dative masculine singular)
ruměně (dative feminine singular)
ruměnu (dative neuter singular)
ruměnъ (accusative masculine singular)
ruměnǫ (accusative feminine singular)
ruměno (accusative neuter singular)
ruměnomь (instrumental masculine singular)
ruměnojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
ruměnomь (instrumental neuter singular)
ruměně (locative masculine singular)
ruměně (feminine locative singular)
ruměně (locative neuter singular)
ruměne (masculine singular vocative)
ruměno (feminine singular vocative)
ruměno (neuter singular vocative)
ruměna (dual masculine nominative)
ruměně (dual feminine nominative)
ruměně (dual neuter nominative)
ruměnu (dual genitive masculine)
ruměnu (dual feminine genitive)
ruměnu (dual genitive neuter)
ruměnoma (dative dual masculine)
ruměnama (dative dual feminine)
ruměnoma (dative dual neuter)
ruměna (accusative dual masculine)
ruměně (accusative dual feminine)
ruměně (accusative dual neuter)
ruměnoma (dual instrumental masculine)
ruměnama (dual feminine instrumental)
ruměnoma (dual instrumental neuter)
ruměnu (dual locative masculine)
ruměnu (dual feminine locative)
ruměnu (dual locative neuter)
ruměna (dual masculine vocative)
ruměně (dual feminine vocative)
ruměně (dual neuter vocative)
ruměni (masculine nominative plural)
ruměny (feminine nominative plural)
ruměna (neuter nominative plural)
ruměnъ (genitive masculine plural)
ruměnъ (feminine genitive plural)
ruměnъ (genitive neuter plural)
ruměnomъ (dative masculine plural)
ruměnamъ (dative feminine plural)
ruměnomъ (dative neuter plural)
ruměny (accusative masculine plural)
ruměny (accusative feminine plural)
ruměna (accusative neuter plural)
ruměny (instrumental masculine plural)
ruměnami (feminine instrumental plural)
ruměny (instrumental neuter plural)
ruměněxъ (locative masculine plural)
ruměnaxъ (feminine locative plural)
ruměněxъ (locative neuter plural)
ruměni (masculine plural vocative)
ruměny (feminine plural vocative)
ruměna (neuter plural vocative)
ruměnъjь (masculine nominative singular)
ruměnaja (feminine nominative singular)
ruměnoje (neuter nominative singular)
ruměnajego (genitive masculine singular)
ruměnyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
ruměnajego (genitive neuter singular)
ruměnujemu (dative masculine singular)
ruměněji (dative feminine singular)
ruměnujemu (dative neuter singular)
ruměnъjь (accusative masculine singular)
ruměnǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
ruměnoje (accusative neuter singular)
ruměnyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
ruměnǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
ruměnyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
ruměnějemь (locative masculine singular)
ruměněji (feminine locative singular)
ruměnějemь (locative neuter singular)
ruměnъjь (masculine singular vocative)
ruměnaja (feminine singular vocative)
ruměnoje (neuter singular vocative)
ruměnaja (dual masculine nominative)
ruměněji (dual feminine nominative)
ruměněji (dual neuter nominative)
ruměnuju (dual genitive masculine)
ruměnuju (dual feminine genitive)
ruměnuju (dual genitive neuter)
ruměnyjima (dative dual masculine)
ruměnyjima (dative dual feminine)
ruměnyjima (dative dual neuter)
ruměnaja (accusative dual masculine)
ruměněji (accusative dual feminine)
ruměněji (accusative dual neuter)
ruměnyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
ruměnyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
ruměnyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
ruměnuju (dual locative masculine)
ruměnuju (dual feminine locative)
ruměnuju (dual locative neuter)
ruměnaja (dual masculine vocative)
ruměněji (dual feminine vocative)
ruměněji (dual neuter vocative)
ruměniji (masculine nominative plural)
ruměnyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
ruměnaja (neuter nominative plural)
ruměnъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
ruměnъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
ruměnъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
ruměnyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
ruměnyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
ruměnyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
ruměnyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
ruměnyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
ruměnaja (accusative neuter plural)
ruměnyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
ruměnyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
ruměnyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
ruměnyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
ruměnyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
ruměnyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
ruměniji (masculine plural vocative)
ruměnyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
ruměnaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: румꙗнъ (rumjanŭ)

desc

Old Ruthenian: румꙗный (rumjanyj), румєный (rumjenyj)

Belarusian: руме́ны (rumjény)

Ukrainian: рум'я́ний (rumʺjányj)

Russian: румя́ный (rumjányj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: роумѣнъ (ruměnŭ)

Glagolitic: ⱃⱆⰿⱑⱀⱏ (ruměnŭ)

Bulgarian: ру́мен (rúmen)

Macedonian: румен (rumen)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ру̀мен

Latin script: rùmen

Slovene: rumȅn (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: ruměný

Old Polish: rumiony

Polish: rumiany

Slovak: rumeň

Non-Slavic:

→ Romanian: rumen

From earlier *rudměnъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-.
Compare
Lithuanian raumuõ,
Latvian raũmins.


kľučiti

kľùčiti (canonical)
kľučìti (canonical imperfective)
a (accent-paradigm)
kľučenьje (noun-from-verb)
kľučiti (infinitive)
kľučitъ (supine)
kľučilъ (l-participle)
a (accent-paradigm)
kľučenъ (participle passive past)
kľučimъ (participle passive present)
kľučь (active participle past)
kľučę (active participle present)
a (accent-paradigm)
kľučixъ (aorist first-person singular)
kľuči (aorist second-person singular)
kľuči (aorist singular third-person)
kľučǫ (first-person present singular)
kľučiši (present second-person singular)
kľučitь (present singular third-person)
kľučixově (aorist dual first-person)
kľučista (aorist dual second-person)
kľučiste (aorist dual third-person)
kľučivě (dual first-person present)
kľučita (dual present second-person)
kľučite (dual present third-person)
kľučixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
kľučiste (aorist plural second-person)
kľučišę (aorist plural third-person)
kľučimъ (first-person plural present)
kľučite (plural present second-person)
kľučętь (plural present third-person)
kľučaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
kľučaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
kľučaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
kľuči (imperative second-person singular)
kľuči (imperative singular third-person)
kľučaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
kľučaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
kľučaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
kľučivě (dual first-person imperative)
kľučita (dual imperative second-person)
kľučaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
kľučaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
kľučaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
kľučimъ (first-person imperative plural)
kľučite (imperative plural second-person)
c (accent-paradigm)
kľučenьje (noun-from-verb)
kľučiti (infinitive)
kľučitъ (supine)
kľučilъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
kľučenъ (participle passive past)
kľučimъ (participle passive present)
kľučь (active participle past)
kľučę (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
kľučixъ (aorist first-person singular)
kľuči (aorist second-person singular)
kľuči (aorist singular third-person)
kľučǫ (first-person present singular)
kľučiši (present second-person singular)
kľučitь (present singular third-person)
kľučixově (aorist dual first-person)
kľučista (aorist dual second-person)
kľučiste (aorist dual third-person)
kľučivě (dual first-person present)
kľučita (dual present second-person)
kľučite (dual present third-person)
kľučixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
kľučiste (aorist plural second-person)
kľučišę (aorist plural third-person)
kľučimъ (first-person plural present)
kľučite (plural present second-person)
kľučętь (plural present third-person)
kľučaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
kľučaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
kľučaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
kľuči (imperative second-person singular)
kľuči (imperative singular third-person)
kľučaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
kľučaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
kľučaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
kľučivě (dual first-person imperative)
kľučita (dual imperative second-person)
kľučaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
kľučaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
kľučaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
kľučimъ (first-person imperative plural)
kľučite (imperative plural second-person)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: ключити (ključiti)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кљу̀чити, кљу̏чити

Cyrillic script: кљу̀чити, кљу̏чити

Latin script: kljùčiti, kljȕčiti

Slovene: kljúčiti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kľúčiti

Czech: klíčiti (“to deject”) (rare)

Kashubian: klëczëc

Polish: zakluczyć, odkluczyć

Slovak: kľučati

From *kľùka (“hook”) + *-iti or *kľúčь (“key”) + *-iti.

Marko Snoj
Rick Derksen
cs:Slovník spisovného jazyka českého


svatъ

svàtъ (canonical masculine)
svatъ (nominative singular)
svàta (dual nominative)
svàti (nominative plural)
svàta (genitive singular)
svàtu (dual genitive)
svàtъ (genitive plural)
svàtu (dative singular)
svàtoma (dative dual)
svàtomъ (dative plural)
svatъ (accusative singular)
svàta (accusative dual)
svàty (accusative plural)
svàtъmь (instrumental singular)
svàtomь (instrumental singular)
svàtoma (dual instrumental)
svàtȳ (instrumental plural)
svàtě (locative singular)
svàtu (dual locative)
svàtě̄xъ (locative plural)
svàte (singular vocative)
svàta (dual vocative)
svàti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: сватъ (svatŭ)

Belarusian: сват (svat)

Russian: сват (svat)

Ukrainian: сват (svat)

→ Latvian: svāts

→ Lithuanian: svõtas

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: сват (svat)

Macedonian: сват (svat)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сва̏т

Latin script: svȁt

Slovene: svȃt

West Slavic:

Old Czech: svat

Czech: svat (obsolete, dialectal)

Polabian: swat

Old Polish: swat

Polish: swat

Slovak: svat

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: swat

PIE word
 *swé
If Latgalian svõts (“relative”) is a cognate (rather than a borrowing), then perhaps both inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *swṓtas. Ultimately, from a t-extension of Proto-Indo-European *swé (“self”), whence also Lithuanian svetỹs, svẽčias (“guest”); Ancient Greek ἔτης (étēs, “clansman”).
Machek advocates for an original u-stem in view of related Old Czech svatvie (“wedlocking”) (< *svatvьje).

(by generalization) wedder, matchmaker (attendant of a wedding)


korda

korda (nominative singular)
kordě (dual nominative)
kordy (nominative plural)
kordy (genitive singular)
kordu (dual genitive)
kordъ (genitive plural)
kordě (dative singular)
kordama (dative dual)
kordamъ (dative plural)
kordǫ (accusative singular)
kordě (accusative dual)
kordy (accusative plural)
kordojǫ (instrumental singular)
kordǫ (instrumental singular)
kordama (dual instrumental)
kordami (instrumental plural)
kordě (locative singular)
kordu (dual locative)
kordasъ (locative plural)
kordaxъ (locative plural)
kordo (singular vocative)
kordě (dual vocative)
kordy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Ukrainian: корода (koroda, “pile of logs, wood-stack”)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: крада (krada, “bonfire, stake”)

Glagolitic: ⰽⱃⰰⰴⰰ (krada)

Slovene: krada (“pile of logs, wood-stack, refining works”)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: krada (“tinder-box, torch”)

Polish: króda (“hay-cock, stack of sheafs in a field”) (dialectal)

From Proto-Indo-European *kord-eh₂. Indo-European cognates include Proto-Germanic *hrōtą.


šelmъ

šẽlmъ (nominative singular)
šēlmà (dual nominative)
šēlmì (nominative plural)
šēlmà (genitive singular)
šēlmù (dual genitive)
šẽlmъ (genitive plural)
šēlmù (dative singular)
šēlmòma (dative dual)
šēlmòmъ (dative plural)
šẽlmъ (accusative singular)
šēlmà (accusative dual)
šēlmỳ (accusative plural)
šēlmъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
šēlmòmь (instrumental singular)
šēlmòma (dual instrumental)
šẽlmy (instrumental plural)
šēlmě̀ (locative singular)
šēlmù (dual locative)
šẽlměxъ (locative plural)
šelme (singular vocative)
šēlmà (dual vocative)
šēlmì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: шеломъ (šelomŭ)

Belarusian: шало́м (šalóm)

Russian: шело́м (šelóm) (obsolete)

Carpathian Rusyn: шлем (šlem) (Ruthenian)

Ukrainian: шолом (šolom)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: шлѣмъ (šlěmŭ)

→ Russian: шлем (šlem)

Bulgarian: шлем (šlem)

Macedonian: шлем (šlem)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: шле̏м

Latin script: šljȅm

Slovene: šlẹ̀m (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: szłóm

Old Polish: szłom

Borrowed from Proto-West Germanic *helm (“helmet”).


rъďa

rъďa (nominative singular)
rъďi (dual nominative)
rъďę̇ (nominative plural)
rъďę̇ (genitive singular)
rъďu (dual genitive)
rъďь (genitive plural)
rъďi (dative singular)
rъďama (dative dual)
rъďamъ (dative plural)
rъďǫ (accusative singular)
rъďi (accusative dual)
rъďę̇ (accusative plural)
rъďejǫ (instrumental singular)
rъďǫ (instrumental singular)
rъďama (dual instrumental)
rъďami (instrumental plural)
rъďi (locative singular)
rъďu (dual locative)
rъďasъ (locative plural)
rъďaxъ (locative plural)
rъďe (singular vocative)
rъďi (dual vocative)
rъďę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ръжа (rŭža)

Belarusian: іржа́ (iržá), ржа (rža)

Carpathian Rusyn: ржа́ (ržá)

Russian: ржа (rža), аржа́ (aržá), иржа́ (iržá)

Ukrainian: іржа́ (iržá), ржа (rža)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: ръжда (rŭžda)

Glagolitic: ⱃⱏⰶⰴⰰ (rŭžda)

Bulgarian: ръжда́ (rǎždá)

Macedonian: ‘рѓа (‘rǵa)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: рђа, хрђа

Latin: rđa, hrđa

Slovene: rjȁ, rəjȁ (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: rzě

Czech: rez

Bohemian (Chod dialect): rez

Polish: rdza

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: rdza, drdza

Old Slovak: hrdza, rdza, ridza, zerz, rez

Pannonian Rusyn: ардза (ardza)

Slovak: hrdza

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: zerz, zra

Lower Sorbian: rza

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-. Morphologically *rъd- + *-ja.


rъďavъ

rъďavъ (masculine nominative singular)
rъďava (feminine nominative singular)
rъďavo (neuter nominative singular)
rъďava (genitive masculine singular)
rъďavy (feminine genitive singular)
rъďava (genitive neuter singular)
rъďavu (dative masculine singular)
rъďavě (dative feminine singular)
rъďavu (dative neuter singular)
rъďavъ (accusative masculine singular)
rъďavǫ (accusative feminine singular)
rъďavo (accusative neuter singular)
rъďavomь (instrumental masculine singular)
rъďavojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
rъďavomь (instrumental neuter singular)
rъďavě (locative masculine singular)
rъďavě (feminine locative singular)
rъďavě (locative neuter singular)
rъďave (masculine singular vocative)
rъďavo (feminine singular vocative)
rъďavo (neuter singular vocative)
rъďava (dual masculine nominative)
rъďavě (dual feminine nominative)
rъďavě (dual neuter nominative)
rъďavu (dual genitive masculine)
rъďavu (dual feminine genitive)
rъďavu (dual genitive neuter)
rъďavoma (dative dual masculine)
rъďavama (dative dual feminine)
rъďavoma (dative dual neuter)
rъďava (accusative dual masculine)
rъďavě (accusative dual feminine)
rъďavě (accusative dual neuter)
rъďavoma (dual instrumental masculine)
rъďavama (dual feminine instrumental)
rъďavoma (dual instrumental neuter)
rъďavu (dual locative masculine)
rъďavu (dual feminine locative)
rъďavu (dual locative neuter)
rъďava (dual masculine vocative)
rъďavě (dual feminine vocative)
rъďavě (dual neuter vocative)
rъďavi (masculine nominative plural)
rъďavy (feminine nominative plural)
rъďava (neuter nominative plural)
rъďavъ (genitive masculine plural)
rъďavъ (feminine genitive plural)
rъďavъ (genitive neuter plural)
rъďavomъ (dative masculine plural)
rъďavamъ (dative feminine plural)
rъďavomъ (dative neuter plural)
rъďavy (accusative masculine plural)
rъďavy (accusative feminine plural)
rъďava (accusative neuter plural)
rъďavy (instrumental masculine plural)
rъďavami (feminine instrumental plural)
rъďavy (instrumental neuter plural)
rъďavěxъ (locative masculine plural)
rъďavaxъ (feminine locative plural)
rъďavěxъ (locative neuter plural)
rъďavi (masculine plural vocative)
rъďavy (feminine plural vocative)
rъďava (neuter plural vocative)
rъďavъjь (masculine nominative singular)
rъďavaja (feminine nominative singular)
rъďavoje (neuter nominative singular)
rъďavajego (genitive masculine singular)
rъďavyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
rъďavajego (genitive neuter singular)
rъďavujemu (dative masculine singular)
rъďavěji (dative feminine singular)
rъďavujemu (dative neuter singular)
rъďavъjь (accusative masculine singular)
rъďavǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
rъďavoje (accusative neuter singular)
rъďavyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
rъďavǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
rъďavyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
rъďavějemь (locative masculine singular)
rъďavěji (feminine locative singular)
rъďavějemь (locative neuter singular)
rъďavъjь (masculine singular vocative)
rъďavaja (feminine singular vocative)
rъďavoje (neuter singular vocative)
rъďavaja (dual masculine nominative)
rъďavěji (dual feminine nominative)
rъďavěji (dual neuter nominative)
rъďavuju (dual genitive masculine)
rъďavuju (dual feminine genitive)
rъďavuju (dual genitive neuter)
rъďavyjima (dative dual masculine)
rъďavyjima (dative dual feminine)
rъďavyjima (dative dual neuter)
rъďavaja (accusative dual masculine)
rъďavěji (accusative dual feminine)
rъďavěji (accusative dual neuter)
rъďavyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
rъďavyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
rъďavyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
rъďavuju (dual locative masculine)
rъďavuju (dual feminine locative)
rъďavuju (dual locative neuter)
rъďavaja (dual masculine vocative)
rъďavěji (dual feminine vocative)
rъďavěji (dual neuter vocative)
rъďaviji (masculine nominative plural)
rъďavyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
rъďavaja (neuter nominative plural)
rъďavъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
rъďavъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
rъďavъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
rъďavyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
rъďavyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
rъďavyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
rъďavyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
rъďavyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
rъďavaja (accusative neuter plural)
rъďavyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
rъďavyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
rъďavyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
rъďavyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
rъďavyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
rъďavyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
rъďaviji (masculine plural vocative)
rъďavyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
rъďavaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ръжавъ (rŭžavŭ)

Belarusian: іржа́вы (iržávy)

Russian: ржа́вый (ržávyj)

Ukrainian: ржа́вий (ržávyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: [Term?]

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: ръжда́в (rǎždáv) (dialectal)

Macedonian: ’рѓав (’rǵav)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: рђав

Latin script: rđav

Slovene: rjȁv (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: rzavý, rezavý

Polish: rdzawy

Slovak: hrdzavý

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: rzawy


diža

diža (nominative singular)
diži (dual nominative)
dižę̇ (nominative plural)
dižę̇ (genitive singular)
dižu (dual genitive)
dižь (genitive plural)
diži (dative singular)
dižama (dative dual)
dižamъ (dative plural)
dižǫ (accusative singular)
diži (accusative dual)
dižę̇ (accusative plural)
dižejǫ (instrumental singular)
dižǫ (instrumental singular)
dižama (dual instrumental)
dižami (instrumental plural)
diži (locative singular)
dižu (dual locative)
dižasъ (locative plural)
dižaxъ (locative plural)
diže (singular vocative)
diži (dual vocative)
dižę̇ (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Slovene: díža (“acanthus (Acanthus mollis)”)

West Slavic:

Polish: dziża, dziżka, dziśka, dyżka, diga

Cognate with
Lithuanian dỹgė (“gooseberry”), dygùs (“prickly”), di̇́egti,
Latvian diêgt (“to prick, prickle”),


dьžica

dьžica (nominative singular)
dьžici (dual nominative)
dьžicę̇ (nominative plural)
dьžicę̇ (genitive singular)
dьžicu (dual genitive)
dьžicь (genitive plural)
dьžici (dative singular)
dьžicama (dative dual)
dьžicamъ (dative plural)
dьžicǫ (accusative singular)
dьžici (accusative dual)
dьžicę̇ (accusative plural)
dьžicejǫ (instrumental singular)
dьžicǫ (instrumental singular)
dьžicama (dual instrumental)
dьžicami (instrumental plural)
dьžici (locative singular)
dьžicu (dual locative)
dьžicasъ (locative plural)
dьžicaxъ (locative plural)
dьžice (singular vocative)
dьžici (dual vocative)
dьžicę̇ (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: [Term?]

Latin script: žica (“acanthus spinosissimus”)


blędь

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: (indeclinable)

Old Cyrillic script: блѧдь (blędĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰱⰾⱔⰴⱐ (blędĭ)


blędь

*blęzdь (alternative)
blędь (nominative singular)
blędi (dual nominative)
blędi (nominative plural)
blędi (genitive singular)
blędьju (dual genitive)
blędьjь (genitive plural)
blędi (dative singular)
blędьma (dative dual)
blędьmъ (dative plural)
blędь (accusative singular)
blędi (accusative dual)
blędi (accusative plural)
blędьjǫ (instrumental singular)
blędьma (dual instrumental)
blędьmi (instrumental plural)
blędi (locative singular)
blędьju (dual locative)
blędьxъ (locative plural)
blędi (singular vocative)
blędi (dual vocative)
blędi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: блѧдь (blędĭ)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: блѧдь (bljadʹ)
Belarusian: блядзь (bljadzʹ), бляць (bljacʹ)
Carpathian Rusyn: блядь (bljadʹ)
Ukrainian: блядь (bljadʹ)

Middle Russian: блѧдь (bljadʹ)

Russian: блядь (bljadʹ)

→ Polish: bladź

→ Latvian: blèdis

Old Novgorodian: блѧдь (blędĭ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: блѧдь (blędĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰱⰾⱔⰴⱐ (blędĭ)

Non-Slavic:

→ Old Hungarian: belendёs

→ error, blunder

→ deception, misinformation


besěda

besě̀da (canonical masculine)
besě̀da (nominative singular)
besě̀dě (dual nominative)
besě̀dy (nominative plural)
besě̀dy (genitive singular)
besě̀du (dual genitive)
besě̀dъ (genitive plural)
besě̀dě (dative singular)
besě̀dama (dative dual)
besě̀damъ (dative plural)
besě̀dǫ (accusative singular)
besě̀dě (accusative dual)
besě̀dy (accusative plural)
besě̀dojǫ (instrumental singular)
besě̀dǭ (instrumental singular)
besě̀dama (dual instrumental)
besě̀damī (instrumental plural)
besě̀dě (locative singular)
besě̀du (dual locative)
besě̀dasъ (locative plural)
besě̀daxъ (locative plural)
besě̀do (singular vocative)
besě̀dě (dual vocative)
besě̀dy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: бесѣда (besěda)

Old Ruthenian: бесѣда (besěda)

Belarusian: бясе́да (bjasjéda)

Carpathian Rusyn: бе́сїда (bésjida)

Ukrainian: бе́сіда (bésida)

Russian: бесе́да (beséda)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: бесѣда (besěda)

Glagolitic script: ⰱⰵⱄⱑⰴⰰ (besěda)

Bulgarian: бесе́да (beséda)

Macedonian: беседа (beseda)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бѐседа, бѐсједа

Latin script: bèseda, bèsjeda

Slovene: besẹ̑da (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: besěda

Czech: beseda

Old Polish: biesiada

Polish: biesiada

Old Slovak: beseda

Pannonian Rusyn: бешеда (bešeda)

Slovak: beseda

Non-Slavic:

→ Albanian: bisedë

→ Hungarian: beszéd

→ Romanian: beseadă

Analyzable as *be- + *sědа (“setting”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“to sit”). The prefix is generally considered to reflect the original meaning of Proto-Slavic *be(z) (“without”), either conveying “exterior, outside” (per Vasmer) or “in complement” (per Snoj).
Further related to Proto-Germanic *hansō (“gathering, summoning, guild”), Latin cōnsidium (“meeting”), Sanskrit उपनिषद् (upaniṣad, “rite, meditation”).

cog

(originally) sitting outdoors ⇒ gathering, symposium


plyti

plỳti (canonical imperfective)
*plyvati (alternative)
*plynǫti (alternative)
a (accent-paradigm)
plytьje (noun-from-verb)
plyti (infinitive)
plytъ (supine)
plylъ (l-participle)
a (accent-paradigm)
plytъ (participle passive past)
plyvomъ (participle passive present)
plyvъ (active participle past)
plyvy (active participle present)
a (accent-paradigm)
plyxъ (aorist first-person singular)
ply (aorist second-person singular)
ply (aorist singular third-person)
plyvǫ (first-person present singular)
plyveši (present second-person singular)
plyvetь (present singular third-person)
plyxově (aorist dual first-person)
plysta (aorist dual second-person)
plyste (aorist dual third-person)
plyvevě (dual first-person present)
plyveta (dual present second-person)
plyvete (dual present third-person)
plyxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
plyste (aorist plural second-person)
plyšę (aorist plural third-person)
plyvemъ (first-person plural present)
plyvete (plural present second-person)
plyvǫtь (plural present third-person)
plyvěaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
plyvěaše (imperfect second-person singular)
plyvěaše (imperfect singular third-person)
plyvi (imperative second-person singular)
plyvi (imperative singular third-person)
plyvěaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
plyvěašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
plyvěašete (dual imperfect third-person)
plyvěvě (dual first-person imperative)
plyvěta (dual imperative second-person)
plyvěaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
plyvěašete (imperfect plural second-person)
plyvěaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
plyvěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
plyvěte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

desc

Belarusian: плыць (plycʹ), плы́сці (plýsci)

Russian: плыть (plytʹ)

Ukrainian: плисти́ (plystý), пливти́ (plyvtý)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: пли́вам (plívam) (dialectal)

Macedonian: плива (pliva)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пли̑ти, пли̏вати

Latin script: plȋti, plȉvati

West Slavic:

Kashubian: płëwac

Old Polish: płyć

Polish: pływać

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: plěś, plěwaś

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *plū́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₃(w)-. Cognate with Lithuanian plū́ti (“to flow”).


běgǫtъ

běgǫtъ (masculine nominative singular)
běgǫta (feminine nominative singular)
běgǫto (neuter nominative singular)
běgǫta (genitive masculine singular)
běgǫty (feminine genitive singular)
běgǫta (genitive neuter singular)
běgǫtu (dative masculine singular)
běgǫtě (dative feminine singular)
běgǫtu (dative neuter singular)
běgǫtъ (accusative masculine singular)
běgǫtǫ (accusative feminine singular)
běgǫto (accusative neuter singular)
běgǫtomь (instrumental masculine singular)
běgǫtojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
běgǫtomь (instrumental neuter singular)
běgǫtě (locative masculine singular)
běgǫtě (feminine locative singular)
běgǫtě (locative neuter singular)
běgǫte (masculine singular vocative)
běgǫto (feminine singular vocative)
běgǫto (neuter singular vocative)
běgǫta (dual masculine nominative)
běgǫtě (dual feminine nominative)
běgǫtě (dual neuter nominative)
běgǫtu (dual genitive masculine)
běgǫtu (dual feminine genitive)
běgǫtu (dual genitive neuter)
běgǫtoma (dative dual masculine)
běgǫtama (dative dual feminine)
běgǫtoma (dative dual neuter)
běgǫta (accusative dual masculine)
běgǫtě (accusative dual feminine)
běgǫtě (accusative dual neuter)
běgǫtoma (dual instrumental masculine)
běgǫtama (dual feminine instrumental)
běgǫtoma (dual instrumental neuter)
běgǫtu (dual locative masculine)
běgǫtu (dual feminine locative)
běgǫtu (dual locative neuter)
běgǫta (dual masculine vocative)
běgǫtě (dual feminine vocative)
běgǫtě (dual neuter vocative)
běgǫti (masculine nominative plural)
běgǫty (feminine nominative plural)
běgǫta (neuter nominative plural)
běgǫtъ (genitive masculine plural)
běgǫtъ (feminine genitive plural)
běgǫtъ (genitive neuter plural)
běgǫtomъ (dative masculine plural)
běgǫtamъ (dative feminine plural)
běgǫtomъ (dative neuter plural)
běgǫty (accusative masculine plural)
běgǫty (accusative feminine plural)
běgǫta (accusative neuter plural)
běgǫty (instrumental masculine plural)
běgǫtami (feminine instrumental plural)
běgǫty (instrumental neuter plural)
běgǫtěxъ (locative masculine plural)
běgǫtaxъ (feminine locative plural)
běgǫtěxъ (locative neuter plural)
běgǫti (masculine plural vocative)
běgǫty (feminine plural vocative)
běgǫta (neuter plural vocative)
běgǫtъjь (masculine nominative singular)
běgǫtaja (feminine nominative singular)
běgǫtoje (neuter nominative singular)
běgǫtajego (genitive masculine singular)
běgǫtyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
běgǫtajego (genitive neuter singular)
běgǫtujemu (dative masculine singular)
běgǫtěji (dative feminine singular)
běgǫtujemu (dative neuter singular)
běgǫtъjь (accusative masculine singular)
běgǫtǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
běgǫtoje (accusative neuter singular)
běgǫtyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
běgǫtǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
běgǫtyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
běgǫtějemь (locative masculine singular)
běgǫtěji (feminine locative singular)
běgǫtějemь (locative neuter singular)
běgǫtъjь (masculine singular vocative)
běgǫtaja (feminine singular vocative)
běgǫtoje (neuter singular vocative)
běgǫtaja (dual masculine nominative)
běgǫtěji (dual feminine nominative)
běgǫtěji (dual neuter nominative)
běgǫtuju (dual genitive masculine)
běgǫtuju (dual feminine genitive)
běgǫtuju (dual genitive neuter)
běgǫtyjima (dative dual masculine)
běgǫtyjima (dative dual feminine)
běgǫtyjima (dative dual neuter)
běgǫtaja (accusative dual masculine)
běgǫtěji (accusative dual feminine)
běgǫtěji (accusative dual neuter)
běgǫtyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
běgǫtyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
běgǫtyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
běgǫtuju (dual locative masculine)
běgǫtuju (dual feminine locative)
běgǫtuju (dual locative neuter)
běgǫtaja (dual masculine vocative)
běgǫtěji (dual feminine vocative)
běgǫtěji (dual neuter vocative)
běgǫtiji (masculine nominative plural)
běgǫtyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
běgǫtaja (neuter nominative plural)
běgǫtъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
běgǫtъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
běgǫtъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
běgǫtyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
běgǫtyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
běgǫtyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
běgǫtyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
běgǫtyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
běgǫtaja (accusative neuter plural)
běgǫtyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
běgǫtyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
běgǫtyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
běgǫtyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
běgǫtyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
běgǫtyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
běgǫtiji (masculine plural vocative)
běgǫtyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
běgǫtaja (neuter plural vocative)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: běhutý

Czech: běhutý

Moravian (Mistřice): bjehutí

Originally participle, from *běťi (“to run, flee”) + *-ǫtъ (“-ing”)


plъtь

plъtь (nominative singular)
plъti (dual nominative)
plъti (nominative plural)
plъti (genitive singular)
plъtьju (dual genitive)
plъťu (dual genitive)
plъtьjь (genitive plural)
plъti (genitive plural)
plъti (dative singular)
plъtьma (dative dual)
plъtьmъ (dative plural)
plъtь (accusative singular)
plъti (accusative dual)
plъti (accusative plural)
plъtьjǫ (instrumental singular)
plъťǫ (instrumental singular)
plъtьma (dual instrumental)
plъtьmi (instrumental plural)
plъti (locative singular)
plъtьju (dual locative)
plъťu (dual locative)
plъtьxъ (locative plural)
plъti (singular vocative)
plъti (dual vocative)
plъti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: плоць (plocʹ)

Russian: плоть (plotʹ)

Ukrainian: плоть (plotʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: плъть (plŭtĭ)

Bulgarian: плът (plǎt)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пу̏т

Latin script: pȕt

Slovene: pôlt

West Slavic:

Old Czech: plt

Czech: pleť

Polish: płeć

Slovak: pleť

Unknown. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“to cover, wrap; skin, hide; cloth”). Cognate with Lithuanian plutà (“rind, crust”).


ploskъ

ploskъ (masculine nominative singular)
ploska (feminine nominative singular)
plosko (neuter nominative singular)
ploska (genitive masculine singular)
plosky (feminine genitive singular)
ploska (genitive neuter singular)
plosku (dative masculine singular)
ploscě (dative feminine singular)
plosku (dative neuter singular)
ploskъ (accusative masculine singular)
ploskǫ (accusative feminine singular)
plosko (accusative neuter singular)
ploskomь (instrumental masculine singular)
ploskojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
ploskomь (instrumental neuter singular)
ploscě (locative masculine singular)
ploscě (feminine locative singular)
ploscě (locative neuter singular)
plošče (masculine singular vocative)
plosko (feminine singular vocative)
plosko (neuter singular vocative)
ploska (dual masculine nominative)
ploscě (dual feminine nominative)
ploscě (dual neuter nominative)
plosku (dual genitive masculine)
plosku (dual feminine genitive)
plosku (dual genitive neuter)
ploskoma (dative dual masculine)
ploskama (dative dual feminine)
ploskoma (dative dual neuter)
ploska (accusative dual masculine)
ploscě (accusative dual feminine)
ploscě (accusative dual neuter)
ploskoma (dual instrumental masculine)
ploskama (dual feminine instrumental)
ploskoma (dual instrumental neuter)
plosku (dual locative masculine)
plosku (dual feminine locative)
plosku (dual locative neuter)
ploska (dual masculine vocative)
ploscě (dual feminine vocative)
ploscě (dual neuter vocative)
plosci (masculine nominative plural)
plosky (feminine nominative plural)
ploska (neuter nominative plural)
ploskъ (genitive masculine plural)
ploskъ (feminine genitive plural)
ploskъ (genitive neuter plural)
ploskomъ (dative masculine plural)
ploskamъ (dative feminine plural)
ploskomъ (dative neuter plural)
plosky (accusative masculine plural)
plosky (accusative feminine plural)
ploska (accusative neuter plural)
plosky (instrumental masculine plural)
ploskami (feminine instrumental plural)
plosky (instrumental neuter plural)
ploscěxъ (locative masculine plural)
ploskaxъ (feminine locative plural)
ploscěxъ (locative neuter plural)
plosci (masculine plural vocative)
plosky (feminine plural vocative)
ploska (neuter plural vocative)
ploskъjь (masculine nominative singular)
ploskaja (feminine nominative singular)
ploskoje (neuter nominative singular)
ploskajego (genitive masculine singular)
ploskyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
ploskajego (genitive neuter singular)
ploskujemu (dative masculine singular)
ploscěji (dative feminine singular)
ploskujemu (dative neuter singular)
ploskъjь (accusative masculine singular)
ploskǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
ploskoje (accusative neuter singular)
ploskyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
ploskǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
ploskyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
ploscějemь (locative masculine singular)
ploscěji (feminine locative singular)
ploscějemь (locative neuter singular)
ploskъjь (masculine singular vocative)
ploskaja (feminine singular vocative)
ploskoje (neuter singular vocative)
ploskaja (dual masculine nominative)
ploscěji (dual feminine nominative)
ploscěji (dual neuter nominative)
ploskuju (dual genitive masculine)
ploskuju (dual feminine genitive)
ploskuju (dual genitive neuter)
ploskyjima (dative dual masculine)
ploskyjima (dative dual feminine)
ploskyjima (dative dual neuter)
ploskaja (accusative dual masculine)
ploscěji (accusative dual feminine)
ploscěji (accusative dual neuter)
ploskyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
ploskyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
ploskyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
ploskuju (dual locative masculine)
ploskuju (dual feminine locative)
ploskuju (dual locative neuter)
ploskaja (dual masculine vocative)
ploscěji (dual feminine vocative)
ploscěji (dual neuter vocative)
plosciji (masculine nominative plural)
ploskyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
ploskaja (neuter nominative plural)
ploskъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
ploskъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
ploskъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
ploskyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
ploskyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
ploskyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
ploskyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
ploskyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
ploskaja (accusative neuter plural)
ploskyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
ploskyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
ploskyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
ploskyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
ploskyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
ploskyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
plosciji (masculine plural vocative)
ploskyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
ploskaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: пло́скїй (plóskij)

Belarusian: пло́скі (plóski)

Ukrainian: пло́ский (plóskyj)

Russian: пло́ский (plóskij)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: плоскъ (ploskŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱂⰾⱁⱄⰽⱏ (ploskŭ)

Bulgarian: пло́сък (plósǎk)

desc

⇒ Macedonian: пло́скат (plóskat), пло́скав (plóskav)

Slovene: plȍsk (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: ploský (dated)

Old Polish: płoski

Polish: płaski

→ Old Ruthenian: пла́скїй (pláskij)

Belarusian: пла́скі (pláski)

Ukrainian: пласки́й (plaskýj)

From pre-Slavic *plak-ska-, with a root cognate in Lithuanian plãkanas (“flat”), from a Proto-Indo-European *plek- (“flat”). Secure cognates are found only in Germanic, such as Old Norse flagna, Icelandic flár, and perhaps Proto-Germanic *flakaz. See also *plãstъ (“layer”), which may be related.


sěmь

sěmь (nominative singular)
sěmi (dual nominative)
sěmьje (nominative plural)
sěmi (genitive singular)
sěmьju (dual genitive)
sěmьjь (genitive plural)
sěmi (dative singular)
sěmьma (dative dual)
sěmьmъ (dative plural)
sěmь (accusative singular)
sěmi (accusative dual)
sěmi (accusative plural)
sěmьmь (instrumental singular)
sěmьma (dual instrumental)
sěmьmi (instrumental plural)
sěmi (locative singular)
sěmьju (dual locative)
sěmьxъ (locative plural)
sěmi (singular vocative)
sěmi (dual vocative)
sěmьje (plural vocative)

Church Slavonic: сѣмь (sěmĭ) (Russian)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: сѣмь (sěmĭ)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śaim-, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóy-m-, from *ḱey- (“to lie”).
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian šeimà (“family”), šeimė (“family, household”), šei̇̃mas (“migration (of birds), nest, offspring”), Latvian sàime (“members of a household, (extended) family”).
Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek κώμη (kṓmē, “village”) (< *ḱō(y)mā), Proto-Germanic *haimaz (< *ḱoy-mo-). Related to Lithuanian kaimas.


modliti

modlìti (canonical imperfective)
b (accent-paradigm)
modľenьje (noun-from-verb)
modliti (infinitive)
modlitъ (supine)
modlilъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
modľenъ (participle passive past)
modlimъ (participle passive present)
modľь (active participle past)
modlę (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
modlixъ (aorist first-person singular)
modli (aorist second-person singular)
modli (aorist singular third-person)
modľǫ (first-person present singular)
modliši (present second-person singular)
modlitь (present singular third-person)
modlixově (aorist dual first-person)
modlista (aorist dual second-person)
modliste (aorist dual third-person)
modlivě (dual first-person present)
modlita (dual present second-person)
modlite (dual present third-person)
modlixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
modliste (aorist plural second-person)
modlišę (aorist plural third-person)
modlimъ (first-person plural present)
modlite (plural present second-person)
modlętь (plural present third-person)
modľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
modľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
modľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
modli (imperative second-person singular)
modli (imperative singular third-person)
modľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
modľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
modľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
modlivě (dual first-person imperative)
modlita (dual imperative second-person)
modľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
modľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
modľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
modlimъ (first-person imperative plural)
modlite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: молити (moliti)

Old Ruthenian: моли́ти (molíti)

Belarusian: малі́ць (malícʹ)

Ukrainian: моли́ти (molýty)

desctree

Russian: моли́ть (molítʹ)
→ Kildin Sami: мо̄ллэ (mōlle)

Old Novgorodian: моглити (mogliti)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: молити (moliti)

Glagolitic script: ⰿⱁⰾⰻⱅⰻ (moliti)

Bulgarian: мо́ля (mólja)

Macedonian: моли (moli)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: мо̀лити

Latin script: mòliti

Slovene: molīti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: modliti

Czech: modlit

Polish: modlić się

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: mòdlëc sã

Old Slovak:

Pannonian Rusyn: модлїц (modljic)

Slovak: modliť sa

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: modlić

Lower Sorbian: módliś

From metathesis *-ld- > *-dl-, inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *maldī́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *moldʰ-éye-ti, from *meldʰ- (“to ask, pray, beg”).
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian malda (“request”), maldýti (“to pray for”).
Indo-European cognates include Hittite 𒈠𒀀𒀠𒁲 (ma-a-al-di /māldi/, “to recite, make a vow”, 3sg.pres.act.), German melden (“to report, tell”), Old Armenian մաղթեմ (małtʻem).


bajьka

bajьka (nominative singular)
bajьcě (dual nominative)
bajьky (nominative plural)
bajьky (genitive singular)
bajьku (dual genitive)
bajьkъ (genitive plural)
bajьcě (dative singular)
bajьkama (dative dual)
bajьkamъ (dative plural)
bajьkǫ (accusative singular)
bajьcě (accusative dual)
bajьky (accusative plural)
bajьkojǫ (instrumental singular)
bajьkǫ (instrumental singular)
bajьkama (dual instrumental)
bajьkami (instrumental plural)
bajьcě (locative singular)
bajьku (dual locative)
bajьkasъ (locative plural)
bajьkaxъ (locative plural)
bajьko (singular vocative)
bajьcě (dual vocative)
bajьky (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic:

Belarusian: байка (bajka)

Russian: ба́йка (bájka)

Carpathian Rusyn: байка (bajka)

Ukrainian: ба́йка (bájka)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: байка (bajka)

Macedonian: бајка (bajka)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ба̑јка

Latin script: bȃjka

Slovene: bájka

West Slavic:

Czech: bajka

Kashubian: bôjka

Polish: bajka

Slovak: bájka

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: bajka

Lower Sorbian: bajka


plъtъ

plъ̀tъ (canonical masculine)
plъ̀tъ (nominative singular)
plъtà (dual nominative)
plъtì (nominative plural)
plъtà (genitive singular)
plъtù (dual genitive)
plъ̀tъ (genitive plural)
plъtù (dative singular)
plъtòma (dative dual)
plъtòmъ (dative plural)
plъ̀tъ (accusative singular)
plъtà (accusative dual)
plъtỳ (accusative plural)
plъtъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
plъtòmь (instrumental singular)
plъtòma (dual instrumental)
plъ̀ty (instrumental plural)
plъtě̀ (locative singular)
plъtù (dual locative)
plъ̀těxъ (locative plural)
plъte (singular vocative)
plъtà (dual vocative)
plъtì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: плот (plot)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: pleť f

Old Polish: płet

Slovak: plť f

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *plútas, itself from Proto-Indo-European *plutós, from *plew- (“to flow”). Cognate with Latvian pluts (“raft, ferry”) (possibly borrowed from Slavic). Outside of Balto-Slavic, further cognate with Ancient Greek πλυτός (plutós, “washed”), Sanskrit प्लुत (pluta, “flowing, washing”), German Fluss (“river, flow”).


tъlkъ

tъlkъ (nominative singular)
tъlka (dual nominative)
tъlci (nominative plural)
tъlka (genitive singular)
tъlku (dual genitive)
tъlkъ (genitive plural)
tъlku (dative singular)
tъlkoma (dative dual)
tъlkomъ (dative plural)
tъlkъ (accusative singular)
tъlka (accusative dual)
tъlky (accusative plural)
tъlkъmь (instrumental singular)
tъlkomь (instrumental singular)
tъlkoma (dual instrumental)
tъlky (instrumental plural)
tъlcě (locative singular)
tъlku (dual locative)
tъlcěxъ (locative plural)
tъlče (singular vocative)
tъlka (dual vocative)
tъlci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: тълкъ (tŭlkŭ)
Belarusian: толк (tolk)
Russian: толк (tolk)
→ Estonian: tõlk
→ Finnish: tolkku
→ Ingrian: tolkku
→ Kildin Sami: то̄ӆӆк (tōl̥l̥k)
→ Votic: tolkku
Ukrainian: товк (tovk)
→ Latvian: tulks
→ Livonian: tulk
→ Lithuanian: tùlkas
→ Middle Low German: tolk
→ Dutch: tolk, tullik
Afrikaans: tolk
→ Fanagalo: tolik (or via Zulu)
→ Caribbean Hindustani: tolak
→ Caribbean Javanese: toleg
→ Malay: تولوق (tolok)
> Indonesian: tolok (inherited)
→ Old Norse: tulkr
Icelandic: túlkur
Faroese: tulkur
Norwegian: tolk
Old Swedish: tolker
Swedish: tolk
→ Finnish: tulkki
Danish: tolk
→? Middle English: tulk, tulke, tolke

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: тлъкъ (tlŭkŭ)

From Proto-Indo-European *telkʷ-, cognate with Sanskrit तर्क (tarka, “conjecture”), Latin loquor (“to speak”), Old Irish do·tluchethar (“to ask”), ad·tluchedar (“to thank”).


sъdoba

sъdoba (nominative singular)
sъdobě (dual nominative)
sъdoby (nominative plural)
sъdoby (genitive singular)
sъdobu (dual genitive)
sъdobъ (genitive plural)
sъdobě (dative singular)
sъdobama (dative dual)
sъdobamъ (dative plural)
sъdobǫ (accusative singular)
sъdobě (accusative dual)
sъdoby (accusative plural)
sъdobojǫ (instrumental singular)
sъdobǫ (instrumental singular)
sъdobama (dual instrumental)
sъdobami (instrumental plural)
sъdobě (locative singular)
sъdobu (dual locative)
sъdobasъ (locative plural)
sъdobaxъ (locative plural)
sъdobo (singular vocative)
sъdobě (dual vocative)
sъdoby (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: здо́ба (zdóba)

Russian: сдо́ба (sdóba)

→ Ukrainian: здо́ба (zdóba)

Ukrainian: здіб (zdib)

West Slavic:

Czech: zdoba

Polish: zdoba (obsolete)

Slovak: zdoba


sъ-

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *su-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁su- (“good”).

eu- (prefix expressing actuality or genuineness)


estь

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: есть (jestĭ), ѥ (je)

Old Ruthenian: єсть (jestʹ), *є (*je)

Ukrainian: єсть (jestʹ), є (je)

Belarusian: ёсць (joscʹ), ё (jo)

Russian: есть (jestʹ), ёсть (jostʹ)

desc

Old Novgorodian: есть (jestĭ), есте (jeste), е (je)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: ѥстъ (jestŭ), ѥ (je)

Bulgarian: е (e)

Macedonian: е (e), ести (esti) (dialectal), ет (et) (dialectal), јет (jet) (dialectal), је (je) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: је̏ст, је

Latin script: jȅst, je

Old Slovene: iezt, ieſt, geſt, ge, ie

Slovene: je

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jest (ieſt/yeſt/geſt), jesti (ieſti/gieſti/geſti/gesty), je (ge/gye)

Czech: jest (obsolete), je

Kashubian: je

Old Polish: jest, jeść, je

Polish: jest

Old Slovak: je, jest

Pannonian Rusyn: є (je), єст (jest)

Slovak: je

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: je

Lower Sorbian: jo

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *esti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti.
Baltic cognates are
Lithuanian ẽsti, ẽst,
Old Prussian ast.
Indo-European cognates are
Sanskrit अस्ति (ásti),
Avestan 𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬌 (asti)
Old Persian 𐎠𐎿𐎫𐎡𐎹 (a-s-t-i-y /astiy/),
Hittite 𒂊𒌍𒍣 (ēszi),
Ancient Greek ἐστί (estí),
Latin est,
Proto-Germanic *isti.

third-person singular present active indicative of *byti


netьjь

netьjь (nominative singular)
netьja (dual nominative)
netьji (nominative plural)
netьja (genitive singular)
netьju (dual genitive)
netьjь (genitive plural)
netьju (dative singular)
netьjema (dative dual)
netьjemъ (dative plural)
netьjь (accusative singular)
netьja (accusative dual)
netьję̇ (accusative plural)
netьjьmь (instrumental singular)
netьjemь (instrumental singular)
netьjema (dual instrumental)
netьji (instrumental plural)
netьji (locative singular)
netьju (dual locative)
netьjixъ (locative plural)
netьju (singular vocative)
netьja (dual vocative)
netьji (plural vocative)

Church Slavonic: нетии (netii)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: нетии (netii)

Ukrainian: нетии (netyy)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: нетии (netii), нети (neti)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: не̏ћа̄к

Latin script: nȅćāk, netjak, nećac, nećaca

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: nečák, netják (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Polish: nieć, nieść

→ Proto-Germanic: *neþija (“relative”)

From earlier *neptьjь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *nep(ō)t-, from Proto-Indo-European *népōts:
* Derksen: *(h₂)nep-t-y-o-
* ЭССЯ: *neptyos, extended form of *ne-pōt- (“underage, non-independent > young unmarried family member”). Related to *pótis (“master, husband”).
*: Compare Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬞𐬙𐬌𐬌𐬀 (naptiia).
Baltic cognates include
Lithuanian nepuotis (“grandson, granddaughter”), neptis (“grandson”).
Indo-European cognates include
Sanskrit नपात् (napāt, “descendant, grandson”),
Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬞𐬁𐬝, 𐬥𐬀𐬞𐬙𐬀𐬭 (napāt̰, naptar),
Ancient Greek ἀνεψιός (anepsiós, “cousin”) (< *sm̥-neptiyos),
Latin nepōs (“grandchild, offspring”),
Proto-Germanic *nefô (> Old English nefa (“grandson, nephew”)).

cog

𐬥𐬀𐬞𐬁𐬝, 𐬥𐬀𐬞𐬙𐬀𐬭

ętry

sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife)


stanъ

stȃnъ (canonical masculine)
stȃnъ (nominative singular)
stȃna (dual nominative)
stȃni (nominative plural)
stȃna (genitive singular)
stanù (dual genitive)
stãnъ (genitive plural)
stȃnu (dative singular)
stanomà (dative dual)
stanòmъ (dative plural)
stȃnъ (accusative singular)
stȃna (accusative dual)
stȃny (accusative plural)
stȃnъmь (instrumental singular)
stȃnomь (instrumental singular)
stanomà (dual instrumental)
staný (instrumental plural)
stȃně (locative singular)
stanù (dual locative)
staně̃xъ (locative plural)
stane (singular vocative)
stȃna (dual vocative)
stȃni (plural vocative)
stȃnъ (nominative singular)
stȃny (dual nominative)
stȃnove (nominative plural)
stȃnu (genitive singular)
stanovù (dual genitive)
stanòvъ (genitive plural)
stȃnovi (dative singular)
stanъmà (dative dual)
stȃnъmъ (dative plural)
stȃnъ (accusative singular)
stȃny (accusative dual)
stȃny (accusative plural)
stȃnъmь (instrumental singular)
stanъmà (dual instrumental)
stanъmì (instrumental plural)
stanú (locative singular)
stanovù (dual locative)
stȃnъxъ (locative plural)
stanu (singular vocative)
stȃny (dual vocative)
stȃnove (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: станъ (stanŭ)

Belarusian: стан (stan)

Russian: стан (stan)

Carpathian Rusyn: стан (stan)

Ukrainian: стан (stan)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: станъ (stanŭ)

Glagolitic: ⱄⱅⰰⱀⱏ (stanŭ)

Bulgarian: стан (stan)

Macedonian: стан (stan)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ста̑н

Latin script: stȃn

Slovene: stȃn (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: stan
Czech: stan

desctree

Old Polish: stan
Polish: stan
Silesian: stōn

Slovak: stan

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: stón

Slovincian: stón

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: stan

Upper Sorbian: stan

Non-Slavic:

→ Albanian: stan

→ Byzantine Greek: στάνη (stánē)

Greek: στάνη (stáni)

→ Romanian: stână

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *stāˀnas, from Proto-Indo-European *stéh₂-no-m, from *steh₂- (“to stand”). Morphologically *stati + *-nъ. Cognate with Sanskrit स्थान (sthāna), Middle Persian -stʾn'.

→ loom (secondary)

→ mill (secondary)


stamъ

stamъ (masculine nominative singular)
stama (feminine nominative singular)
stamo (neuter nominative singular)
stama (genitive masculine singular)
stamy (feminine genitive singular)
stama (genitive neuter singular)
stamu (dative masculine singular)
stamě (dative feminine singular)
stamu (dative neuter singular)
stamъ (accusative masculine singular)
stamǫ (accusative feminine singular)
stamo (accusative neuter singular)
stamomь (instrumental masculine singular)
stamojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
stamomь (instrumental neuter singular)
stamě (locative masculine singular)
stamě (feminine locative singular)
stamě (locative neuter singular)
stame (masculine singular vocative)
stamo (feminine singular vocative)
stamo (neuter singular vocative)
stama (dual masculine nominative)
stamě (dual feminine nominative)
stamě (dual neuter nominative)
stamu (dual genitive masculine)
stamu (dual feminine genitive)
stamu (dual genitive neuter)
stamoma (dative dual masculine)
stamama (dative dual feminine)
stamoma (dative dual neuter)
stama (accusative dual masculine)
stamě (accusative dual feminine)
stamě (accusative dual neuter)
stamoma (dual instrumental masculine)
stamama (dual feminine instrumental)
stamoma (dual instrumental neuter)
stamu (dual locative masculine)
stamu (dual feminine locative)
stamu (dual locative neuter)
stama (dual masculine vocative)
stamě (dual feminine vocative)
stamě (dual neuter vocative)
stami (masculine nominative plural)
stamy (feminine nominative plural)
stama (neuter nominative plural)
stamъ (genitive masculine plural)
stamъ (feminine genitive plural)
stamъ (genitive neuter plural)
stamomъ (dative masculine plural)
stamamъ (dative feminine plural)
stamomъ (dative neuter plural)
stamy (accusative masculine plural)
stamy (accusative feminine plural)
stama (accusative neuter plural)
stamy (instrumental masculine plural)
stamami (feminine instrumental plural)
stamy (instrumental neuter plural)
staměxъ (locative masculine plural)
stamaxъ (feminine locative plural)
staměxъ (locative neuter plural)
stami (masculine plural vocative)
stamy (feminine plural vocative)
stama (neuter plural vocative)
stamъjь (masculine nominative singular)
stamaja (feminine nominative singular)
stamoje (neuter nominative singular)
stamajego (genitive masculine singular)
stamyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
stamajego (genitive neuter singular)
stamujemu (dative masculine singular)
staměji (dative feminine singular)
stamujemu (dative neuter singular)
stamъjь (accusative masculine singular)
stamǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
stamoje (accusative neuter singular)
stamyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
stamǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
stamyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
stamějemь (locative masculine singular)
staměji (feminine locative singular)
stamějemь (locative neuter singular)
stamъjь (masculine singular vocative)
stamaja (feminine singular vocative)
stamoje (neuter singular vocative)
stamaja (dual masculine nominative)
staměji (dual feminine nominative)
staměji (dual neuter nominative)
stamuju (dual genitive masculine)
stamuju (dual feminine genitive)
stamuju (dual genitive neuter)
stamyjima (dative dual masculine)
stamyjima (dative dual feminine)
stamyjima (dative dual neuter)
stamaja (accusative dual masculine)
staměji (accusative dual feminine)
staměji (accusative dual neuter)
stamyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
stamyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
stamyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
stamuju (dual locative masculine)
stamuju (dual feminine locative)
stamuju (dual locative neuter)
stamaja (dual masculine vocative)
staměji (dual feminine vocative)
staměji (dual neuter vocative)
stamiji (masculine nominative plural)
stamyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
stamaja (neuter nominative plural)
stamъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
stamъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
stamъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
stamyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
stamyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
stamyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
stamyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
stamyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
stamaja (accusative neuter plural)
stamyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
stamyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
stamyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
stamyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
stamyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
stamyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
stamiji (masculine plural vocative)
stamyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
stamaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Russian: стамо́й (stamój, “firm, constant, permanent, fixed; permanent, firm (of ice); stubborn, disobedient”)

⇒ Russian: стамуха (stamuxa, “stamukha”)

→ English: stamukha

⇒ Russian: стамик (stamik)

→ English: stamik

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *stōˀmas, from Proto-Indo-European *stoh₂-mo-s, from *steh₂- (“to stand”).
Cognate with
Lithuanian stúomas (“stature, figure, trunk, piece of linen for a shirt”),
Ancient Greek στώμιξ (stṓmix, “piece of wood”).


stojati

stojàti (canonical imperfective)
c (accent-paradigm)
stojanьje (noun-from-verb)
stojati (infinitive)
stojatъ (supine)
stojalъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
stojavъ (active participle past)
stoję (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
stojaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
stoja (aorist second-person singular)
stoja (aorist singular third-person)
stojǫ (first-person present singular)
stojiši (present second-person singular)
stojitь (present singular third-person)
stojaxově (aorist dual first-person)
stojasta (aorist dual second-person)
stojaste (aorist dual third-person)
stojivě (dual first-person present)
stojita (dual present second-person)
stojite (dual present third-person)
stojaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
stojaste (aorist plural second-person)
stojašę (aorist plural third-person)
stojimъ (first-person plural present)
stojite (plural present second-person)
stojętь (plural present third-person)
stojaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
stojaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
stojaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
stoji (imperative second-person singular)
stoji (imperative singular third-person)
stojaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
stojaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
stojaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
stojivě (dual first-person imperative)
stojita (dual imperative second-person)
stojaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
stojaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
stojaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
stojimъ (first-person imperative plural)
stojite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: стоꙗти (stojati)

Belarusian: стая́ць (stajácʹ)

Russian: стоя́ть (stojátʹ)

Ukrainian: стоя́ти (stojáty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: стоꙗти (stojati)

Glagolitic: ⱄⱅⱁⱑⱅⰻ (stoěti)

Bulgarian: стоя́ (stojá)

Macedonian: стои (stoi)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ста̏јати

Latin script: stȁjati

Slovene: státi (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: stát

desctree

Old Polish: stać
Polish: stać, stojeć (Near Masovian), stoić (Central Greater Poland, Far Masovian)
Silesian: stać

Old Slovak: stáť

Pannonian Rusyn: стац (stac)

Slovak: stáť

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: stac, stojec

Slovincian: stôjec

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: stać, stojeć, stejeć

Lower Sorbian: stojaś

From earlier *stojěti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *stajḗˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”) + *-ěti.
Perhaps a denominal stative (called "essive" in LIV) derived from an earlier participle stem or from a "Balto-Slavic stative derivative" related to the original Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti stative suffix. Parallel to Proto-Slavic *stajati.
Cognate with Proto-Italic *staēō.

inh

Helmut Rix
Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben
Marko Snoj
Rick Derksen


němьčьskъ

němьcьskъ (masculine nominative singular)
němьcьska (feminine nominative singular)
němьcьsko (neuter nominative singular)
němьcьska (genitive masculine singular)
němьcьsky (feminine genitive singular)
němьcьska (genitive neuter singular)
němьcьsku (dative masculine singular)
němьcьscě (dative feminine singular)
němьcьsku (dative neuter singular)
němьcьskъ (accusative masculine singular)
němьcьskǫ (accusative feminine singular)
němьcьsko (accusative neuter singular)
němьcьskomь (instrumental masculine singular)
němьcьskojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
němьcьskomь (instrumental neuter singular)
němьcьscě (locative masculine singular)
němьcьscě (feminine locative singular)
němьcьscě (locative neuter singular)
němьcьšče (masculine singular vocative)
němьcьsko (feminine singular vocative)
němьcьsko (neuter singular vocative)
němьcьska (dual masculine nominative)
němьcьscě (dual feminine nominative)
němьcьscě (dual neuter nominative)
němьcьsku (dual genitive masculine)
němьcьsku (dual feminine genitive)
němьcьsku (dual genitive neuter)
němьcьskoma (dative dual masculine)
němьcьskama (dative dual feminine)
němьcьskoma (dative dual neuter)
němьcьska (accusative dual masculine)
němьcьscě (accusative dual feminine)
němьcьscě (accusative dual neuter)
němьcьskoma (dual instrumental masculine)
němьcьskama (dual feminine instrumental)
němьcьskoma (dual instrumental neuter)
němьcьsku (dual locative masculine)
němьcьsku (dual feminine locative)
němьcьsku (dual locative neuter)
němьcьska (dual masculine vocative)
němьcьscě (dual feminine vocative)
němьcьscě (dual neuter vocative)
němьcьsci (masculine nominative plural)
němьcьsky (feminine nominative plural)
němьcьska (neuter nominative plural)
němьcьskъ (genitive masculine plural)
němьcьskъ (feminine genitive plural)
němьcьskъ (genitive neuter plural)
němьcьskomъ (dative masculine plural)
němьcьskamъ (dative feminine plural)
němьcьskomъ (dative neuter plural)
němьcьsky (accusative masculine plural)
němьcьsky (accusative feminine plural)
němьcьska (accusative neuter plural)
němьcьsky (instrumental masculine plural)
němьcьskami (feminine instrumental plural)
němьcьsky (instrumental neuter plural)
němьcьscěxъ (locative masculine plural)
němьcьskaxъ (feminine locative plural)
němьcьscěxъ (locative neuter plural)
němьcьsci (masculine plural vocative)
němьcьsky (feminine plural vocative)
němьcьska (neuter plural vocative)
němьcьskъjь (masculine nominative singular)
němьcьskaja (feminine nominative singular)
němьcьskoje (neuter nominative singular)
němьcьskajego (genitive masculine singular)
němьcьskyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
němьcьskajego (genitive neuter singular)
němьcьskujemu (dative masculine singular)
němьcьscěji (dative feminine singular)
němьcьskujemu (dative neuter singular)
němьcьskъjь (accusative masculine singular)
němьcьskǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
němьcьskoje (accusative neuter singular)
němьcьskyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
němьcьskǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
němьcьskyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
němьcьscějemь (locative masculine singular)
němьcьscěji (feminine locative singular)
němьcьscějemь (locative neuter singular)
němьcьskъjь (masculine singular vocative)
němьcьskaja (feminine singular vocative)
němьcьskoje (neuter singular vocative)
němьcьskaja (dual masculine nominative)
němьcьscěji (dual feminine nominative)
němьcьscěji (dual neuter nominative)
němьcьskuju (dual genitive masculine)
němьcьskuju (dual feminine genitive)
němьcьskuju (dual genitive neuter)
němьcьskyjima (dative dual masculine)
němьcьskyjima (dative dual feminine)
němьcьskyjima (dative dual neuter)
němьcьskaja (accusative dual masculine)
němьcьscěji (accusative dual feminine)
němьcьscěji (accusative dual neuter)
němьcьskyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
němьcьskyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
němьcьskyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
němьcьskuju (dual locative masculine)
němьcьskuju (dual feminine locative)
němьcьskuju (dual locative neuter)
němьcьskaja (dual masculine vocative)
němьcьscěji (dual feminine vocative)
němьcьscěji (dual neuter vocative)
němьcьsciji (masculine nominative plural)
němьcьskyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
němьcьskaja (neuter nominative plural)
němьcьskъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
němьcьskъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
němьcьskъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
němьcьskyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
němьcьskyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
němьcьskyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
němьcьskyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
němьcьskyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
němьcьskaja (accusative neuter plural)
němьcьskyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
němьcьskyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
němьcьskyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
němьcьskyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
němьcьskyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
němьcьskyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
němьcьsciji (masculine plural vocative)
němьcьskyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
němьcьskaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: нѣмь́чьскъ (němĭ́čĭskŭ)

Old Ruthenian: нѣме́цкїй (něméckij), нѣме́цскїй (němécskij)

Belarusian: няме́цкі (njamjécki)

Ukrainian: німе́цький (nimécʹkyj)

Russian: неме́цкий (neméckij); не́мский (némskij) (dialectal)

Old Novgorodian: нимьчьске (nimĭćĭske)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: нѣмьчьскъ (němĭčĭskŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱀⱑⰿⱐⱍⱐⱄⰽⱏ (němĭčĭskŭ)

Bulgarian: не́мски (némski)

Macedonian: немечки (nemečki)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: нѐмачкӣ, њѐмачкӣ

Latin script: nèmačkī, njèmačkī

Slovene: nẹ́mški (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: niemiecczi

Old Czech: němečský

Czech: německý

desctree

Old Polish: niemiecki, niemiecski
Polish: niemiecki
Silesian: niymiecki

Old Slovak: nemecký

Pannonian Rusyn: нємецки (njemecki)

Slovak: nemecký

From *němьcь (“foreigner, non-Slav; German”) + *-ьskъ.


slověnьskъ

slověnьskъ (masculine nominative singular)
slověnьska (feminine nominative singular)
slověnьsko (neuter nominative singular)
slověnьska (genitive masculine singular)
slověnьsky (feminine genitive singular)
slověnьska (genitive neuter singular)
slověnьsku (dative masculine singular)
slověnьscě (dative feminine singular)
slověnьsku (dative neuter singular)
slověnьskъ (accusative masculine singular)
slověnьskǫ (accusative feminine singular)
slověnьsko (accusative neuter singular)
slověnьskomь (instrumental masculine singular)
slověnьskojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
slověnьskomь (instrumental neuter singular)
slověnьscě (locative masculine singular)
slověnьscě (feminine locative singular)
slověnьscě (locative neuter singular)
slověnьšče (masculine singular vocative)
slověnьsko (feminine singular vocative)
slověnьsko (neuter singular vocative)
slověnьska (dual masculine nominative)
slověnьscě (dual feminine nominative)
slověnьscě (dual neuter nominative)
slověnьsku (dual genitive masculine)
slověnьsku (dual feminine genitive)
slověnьsku (dual genitive neuter)
slověnьskoma (dative dual masculine)
slověnьskama (dative dual feminine)
slověnьskoma (dative dual neuter)
slověnьska (accusative dual masculine)
slověnьscě (accusative dual feminine)
slověnьscě (accusative dual neuter)
slověnьskoma (dual instrumental masculine)
slověnьskama (dual feminine instrumental)
slověnьskoma (dual instrumental neuter)
slověnьsku (dual locative masculine)
slověnьsku (dual feminine locative)
slověnьsku (dual locative neuter)
slověnьska (dual masculine vocative)
slověnьscě (dual feminine vocative)
slověnьscě (dual neuter vocative)
slověnьsci (masculine nominative plural)
slověnьsky (feminine nominative plural)
slověnьska (neuter nominative plural)
slověnьskъ (genitive masculine plural)
slověnьskъ (feminine genitive plural)
slověnьskъ (genitive neuter plural)
slověnьskomъ (dative masculine plural)
slověnьskamъ (dative feminine plural)
slověnьskomъ (dative neuter plural)
slověnьsky (accusative masculine plural)
slověnьsky (accusative feminine plural)
slověnьska (accusative neuter plural)
slověnьsky (instrumental masculine plural)
slověnьskami (feminine instrumental plural)
slověnьsky (instrumental neuter plural)
slověnьscěxъ (locative masculine plural)
slověnьskaxъ (feminine locative plural)
slověnьscěxъ (locative neuter plural)
slověnьsci (masculine plural vocative)
slověnьsky (feminine plural vocative)
slověnьska (neuter plural vocative)
slověnьskъjь (masculine nominative singular)
slověnьskaja (feminine nominative singular)
slověnьskoje (neuter nominative singular)
slověnьskajego (genitive masculine singular)
slověnьskyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
slověnьskajego (genitive neuter singular)
slověnьskujemu (dative masculine singular)
slověnьscěji (dative feminine singular)
slověnьskujemu (dative neuter singular)
slověnьskъjь (accusative masculine singular)
slověnьskǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
slověnьskoje (accusative neuter singular)
slověnьskyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
slověnьskǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
slověnьskyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
slověnьscějemь (locative masculine singular)
slověnьscěji (feminine locative singular)
slověnьscějemь (locative neuter singular)
slověnьskъjь (masculine singular vocative)
slověnьskaja (feminine singular vocative)
slověnьskoje (neuter singular vocative)
slověnьskaja (dual masculine nominative)
slověnьscěji (dual feminine nominative)
slověnьscěji (dual neuter nominative)
slověnьskuju (dual genitive masculine)
slověnьskuju (dual feminine genitive)
slověnьskuju (dual genitive neuter)
slověnьskyjima (dative dual masculine)
slověnьskyjima (dative dual feminine)
slověnьskyjima (dative dual neuter)
slověnьskaja (accusative dual masculine)
slověnьscěji (accusative dual feminine)
slověnьscěji (accusative dual neuter)
slověnьskyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
slověnьskyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
slověnьskyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
slověnьskuju (dual locative masculine)
slověnьskuju (dual feminine locative)
slověnьskuju (dual locative neuter)
slověnьskaja (dual masculine vocative)
slověnьscěji (dual feminine vocative)
slověnьscěji (dual neuter vocative)
slověnьsciji (masculine nominative plural)
slověnьskyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
slověnьskaja (neuter nominative plural)
slověnьskъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
slověnьskъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
slověnьskъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
slověnьskyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
slověnьskyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
slověnьskyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
slověnьskyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
slověnьskyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
slověnьskaja (accusative neuter plural)
slověnьskyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
slověnьskyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
slověnьskyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
slověnьskyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
slověnьskyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
slověnьskyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
slověnьsciji (masculine plural vocative)
slověnьskyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
slověnьskaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: словѣ́ньскъ (slově́nĭskŭ)

Old Ruthenian: словꙗ́нскїй (slovjánskij), славꙗ́нскїй (slavjánskij), словѣ́нскїй (slově́nskij), славѣ́нскїй (slavě́nskij)

Belarusian: славя́нскі (slavjánski)

славя́ньскый

Carpathian Rusyn: славя́ньскый (slavjánʹskŷj)

→ Pannonian Rusyn: славянски (slavjanski, “Slavic”)

слов'я́нський

Ukrainian: слов'я́нський (slovʺjánsʹkyj)

Russian: славя́нский (slavjánskij), obsolete славе́нский (slavénskij), словя́нский (slovjánskij)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: славенски

Latin script: slavenski

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: словѣньскъ (slověnĭskŭ)

Bulgarian: славя́нски (slavjánski)

Macedonian: словенски (slovenski)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сло̀ве̄нскӣ, сло̀вје̄нскӣ, сло̀вӣнскӣ (“pertaining to the speakers of Serbo-Croatian, Slavic”)

Latin script: slòvēnskī, slòvjēnskī, slòvīnskī (“pertaining to the speakers of Serbo-Croatian, Slavic”)

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: slovẹ́nski (“Slovene”) (tonal orthography)

desc

→ Bulgarian: слове́нски (slovénski, “Slovene”)

→ Czech: slovinský (“Slovene”)

→ Polish: słoweński (“Slovene”)

→ Russian: слове́нский (slovénskij, “Slovene”), obsolete слови́нский (slovínskij, “Slovene”)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сло̀ве̄нскӣ (“Slovene”)

Latin script: slòvēnskī (“Slovene”)

→ Slovak: slovinský (“Slovene”)

West Slavic:

Czech: slovanský

Kashubian: słoviński (“Slovincian”), słowińsczi (“Slovincian”)

→ Polish: słowiński (“Slovincian”)

→ Russian: слови́нский (slovínskij, “Slovincian”)

Polabian: slüvensťĕ (“Polabian”)

Polish: słowiański

Old Slovak: slovenský

Pannonian Rusyn: словенски (slovenski, “Slovene”)

Slovak: slovenský (“Slovak”)

→ Czech: slovenský (“Slovak”)

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: słowjański

Upper Sorbian: słowjanski

From *slověninъ (“Slav”) + *-ьskъ (“typical of”).


volšьskъ

volšьskъ (masculine nominative singular)
volšьska (feminine nominative singular)
volšьsko (neuter nominative singular)
volšьska (genitive masculine singular)
volšьsky (feminine genitive singular)
volšьska (genitive neuter singular)
volšьsku (dative masculine singular)
volšьscě (dative feminine singular)
volšьsku (dative neuter singular)
volšьskъ (accusative masculine singular)
volšьskǫ (accusative feminine singular)
volšьsko (accusative neuter singular)
volšьskomь (instrumental masculine singular)
volšьskojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
volšьskomь (instrumental neuter singular)
volšьscě (locative masculine singular)
volšьscě (feminine locative singular)
volšьscě (locative neuter singular)
volšьšče (masculine singular vocative)
volšьsko (feminine singular vocative)
volšьsko (neuter singular vocative)
volšьska (dual masculine nominative)
volšьscě (dual feminine nominative)
volšьscě (dual neuter nominative)
volšьsku (dual genitive masculine)
volšьsku (dual feminine genitive)
volšьsku (dual genitive neuter)
volšьskoma (dative dual masculine)
volšьskama (dative dual feminine)
volšьskoma (dative dual neuter)
volšьska (accusative dual masculine)
volšьscě (accusative dual feminine)
volšьscě (accusative dual neuter)
volšьskoma (dual instrumental masculine)
volšьskama (dual feminine instrumental)
volšьskoma (dual instrumental neuter)
volšьsku (dual locative masculine)
volšьsku (dual feminine locative)
volšьsku (dual locative neuter)
volšьska (dual masculine vocative)
volšьscě (dual feminine vocative)
volšьscě (dual neuter vocative)
volšьsci (masculine nominative plural)
volšьsky (feminine nominative plural)
volšьska (neuter nominative plural)
volšьskъ (genitive masculine plural)
volšьskъ (feminine genitive plural)
volšьskъ (genitive neuter plural)
volšьskomъ (dative masculine plural)
volšьskamъ (dative feminine plural)
volšьskomъ (dative neuter plural)
volšьsky (accusative masculine plural)
volšьsky (accusative feminine plural)
volšьska (accusative neuter plural)
volšьsky (instrumental masculine plural)
volšьskami (feminine instrumental plural)
volšьsky (instrumental neuter plural)
volšьscěxъ (locative masculine plural)
volšьskaxъ (feminine locative plural)
volšьscěxъ (locative neuter plural)
volšьsci (masculine plural vocative)
volšьsky (feminine plural vocative)
volšьska (neuter plural vocative)
volšьskъjь (masculine nominative singular)
volšьskaja (feminine nominative singular)
volšьskoje (neuter nominative singular)
volšьskajego (genitive masculine singular)
volšьskyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
volšьskajego (genitive neuter singular)
volšьskujemu (dative masculine singular)
volšьscěji (dative feminine singular)
volšьskujemu (dative neuter singular)
volšьskъjь (accusative masculine singular)
volšьskǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
volšьskoje (accusative neuter singular)
volšьskyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
volšьskǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
volšьskyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
volšьscějemь (locative masculine singular)
volšьscěji (feminine locative singular)
volšьscějemь (locative neuter singular)
volšьskъjь (masculine singular vocative)
volšьskaja (feminine singular vocative)
volšьskoje (neuter singular vocative)
volšьskaja (dual masculine nominative)
volšьscěji (dual feminine nominative)
volšьscěji (dual neuter nominative)
volšьskuju (dual genitive masculine)
volšьskuju (dual feminine genitive)
volšьskuju (dual genitive neuter)
volšьskyjima (dative dual masculine)
volšьskyjima (dative dual feminine)
volšьskyjima (dative dual neuter)
volšьskaja (accusative dual masculine)
volšьscěji (accusative dual feminine)
volšьscěji (accusative dual neuter)
volšьskyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
volšьskyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
volšьskyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
volšьskuju (dual locative masculine)
volšьskuju (dual feminine locative)
volšьskuju (dual locative neuter)
volšьskaja (dual masculine vocative)
volšьscěji (dual feminine vocative)
volšьscěji (dual neuter vocative)
volšьsciji (masculine nominative plural)
volšьskyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
volšьskaja (neuter nominative plural)
volšьskъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
volšьskъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
volšьskъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
volšьskyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
volšьskyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
volšьskyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
volšьskyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
volšьskyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
volšьskaja (accusative neuter plural)
volšьskyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
volšьskyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
volšьskyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
volšьskyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
volšьskyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
volšьskyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
volšьsciji (masculine plural vocative)
volšьskyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
volšьskaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: *воло́шьскъ (*volóšĭskŭ)

Old Ruthenian: воло́скїй (volóskij)

Ukrainian: воло́ський (volósʹkyj)

Russian: вала́шский (valášskij)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: влашки (vlaški)

Macedonian: влашки (vlaški)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: влашки

Latin script: vlaški

Slovene: vlaški

West Slavic:

Czech: valašský

Polish: włoski, wołoski

Slovak: valašský

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: łoski

From *volxъ (“speaker of a Romance language”) + *-ьskъ. Compare Proto-Germanic *walhiskaz.


dubati

dubanьje (noun-from-verb)
dubati (infinitive)
dubatъ (supine)
dubalъ (l-participle)
dubanъ (participle passive past)
dubľemъ (participle passive present)
dubavъ (active participle past)
dubľę (active participle present)
dubaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
duba (aorist second-person singular)
duba (aorist singular third-person)
dubľǫ (first-person present singular)
dubľeši (present second-person singular)
dubľetь (present singular third-person)
dubaxově (aorist dual first-person)
dubasta (aorist dual second-person)
dubaste (aorist dual third-person)
dubľevě (dual first-person present)
dubľeta (dual present second-person)
dubľete (dual present third-person)
dubaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
dubaste (aorist plural second-person)
dubašę (aorist plural third-person)
dubľemъ (first-person plural present)
dubľete (plural present second-person)
dubľǫtь (plural present third-person)
dubaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
dubaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
dubaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
dubľi (imperative second-person singular)
dubľi (imperative singular third-person)
dubaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
dubaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
dubaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
dubľivě (dual first-person imperative)
dubľita (dual imperative second-person)
dubaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
dubaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
dubaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
dubľimъ (first-person imperative plural)
dubľite (imperative plural second-person)
dubanьje (noun-from-verb)
dubati (infinitive)
dubatъ (supine)
dubalъ (l-participle)
dubanъ (participle passive past)
dubajemъ (participle passive present)
dubavъ (active participle past)
dubaję (active participle present)
dubaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
duba (aorist second-person singular)
duba (aorist singular third-person)
dubajǫ (first-person present singular)
dubaješi (present second-person singular)
dubajetь (present singular third-person)
dubaxově (aorist dual first-person)
dubasta (aorist dual second-person)
dubaste (aorist dual third-person)
dubajevě (dual first-person present)
dubajeta (dual present second-person)
dubajete (dual present third-person)
dubaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
dubaste (aorist plural second-person)
dubašę (aorist plural third-person)
dubajemъ (first-person plural present)
dubajete (plural present second-person)
dubajǫtь (plural present third-person)
dubaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
dubaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
dubaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
dubaji (imperative second-person singular)
dubaji (imperative singular third-person)
dubaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
dubaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
dubaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
dubajivě (dual first-person imperative)
dubajita (dual imperative second-person)
dubaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
dubaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
dubaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
dubajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
dubajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: дю́бать (djúbatʹ)

West Slavic:

Czech: ďubat

Polish: dziobać, dzióbać, dziubać

→ Belarusian: дзю́баць (dzjúbacʹ)

→ Russian: дзю́бать (dzjúbatʹ) (dialectal)

→ Ukrainian: дзьобати (dzʹobaty)

Slovak: ďubať, žďobať, ždobať

# From blend of *duplo/*dupľa (“tree hollow”) and *zobati (“to peck”).
# From Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“deep”). Some descendants are contaminated with *zobati (“to peck”).

pl:Štefan Peciar
uk:Мельничук Олександр Савич


dъno

dъnò (canonical neuter)
dъnò (nominative singular)
dъ̀ně (dual nominative)
dъnà (nominative plural)
dъnà (genitive singular)
dъnù (dual genitive)
dъ̀nъ (genitive plural)
dъnù (dative singular)
dъnòma (dative dual)
dъnòmъ (dative plural)
dъnò (accusative singular)
dъ̀ně (accusative dual)
dъnà (accusative plural)
dъnъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
dъnòmь (instrumental singular)
dъnòma (dual instrumental)
dъ̀ny (instrumental plural)
dъně̀ (locative singular)
dъnù (dual locative)
dъ̀něxъ (locative plural)
dъnò (singular vocative)
dъ̀ně (dual vocative)
dъnà (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: дъно (dŭno)

Belarusian: дно (dno)

Russian: дно (dno)

(Pskov-Novgorod circle): до́на (dóna) (nominative–accusative plural) < *dъ̀na

Ukrainian: дно (dno)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: дъно (dŭno)

Glagolitic script: ⰴⱏⱀⱁ (dŭno)

Bulgarian: дъ́но (dǎ́no); дно (dno) (dialectal)

Macedonian: дно (dno)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: дно̏

Latin script: dnȍ

Slovene: dnò

West Slavic:

Old Czech: dno

Czech: dno

Polabian: dånü

Polish: dno

Slovak: dno

Slovincian: dnô

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: dno

Lower Sorbian: dno

From earlier *dъbno, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dúbna, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰubʰnóm. Cognate with Lithuanian dùgnas (“bottom”) (< *dùbnas) and akin to Old Prussian padaubis (“dale”).
Per Trubačev, perhaps grammaticized from the oblique form of an earlier r/n-stem, whose direct reflex had yielded Proto-Slavic *dъbrь.

bezdъna

*bezdъnъ (“bottomless”) > later *bezdъnьnъ


sǫka

sǫ̀ka (canonical feminine)
sǫ̀ka (nominative singular)
sǫcě (dual nominative)
sǫky (nominative plural)
sǫky (genitive singular)
sǫku (dual genitive)
sǫkъ (genitive plural)
sǫcě (dative singular)
sǫkama (dative dual)
sǫkamъ (dative plural)
sǫkǫ (accusative singular)
sǫcě (accusative dual)
sǫky (accusative plural)
sǫkojǫ (instrumental singular)
sǫkǫ (instrumental singular)
sǫkama (dual instrumental)
sǫkami (instrumental plural)
sǫcě (locative singular)
sǫku (dual locative)
sǫkasъ (locative plural)
sǫkaxъ (locative plural)
sǫ̀ko (singular vocative)
sǫcě (dual vocative)
sǫky (plural vocative)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

Alternative reconstruction of *sùka (“bitch (female dog)”)