ablъka

àblъka (canonical feminine)
àblъka (nominative singular)
àblъcě (dual nominative)
àblъky (nominative plural)
àblъky (genitive singular)
àblъku (dual genitive)
àblъkъ (genitive plural)
àblъcě (dative singular)
àblъkama (dative dual)
àblъkamъ (dative plural)
àblъkǫ (accusative singular)
àblъcě (accusative dual)
àblъky (accusative plural)
àblъkojǫ (instrumental singular)
àblъkǭ (instrumental singular)
àblъkama (dual instrumental)
àblъkamī (instrumental plural)
àblъcě (locative singular)
àblъku (dual locative)
àblъkasъ (locative plural)
àblъkaxъ (locative plural)
àblъko (singular vocative)
àblъcě (dual vocative)
àblъky (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

desc

Bulgarian: я́бълка (jábǎlka), а́бълка (ábǎlka); бъ́лка (bǎ́lka), йа́бока (jáboka), йа́бука (jábuka) (dialectal)

Macedonian: јаболка (jabolka)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ја̏бука

Latin script: jȁbuka

Slovene: jábolka (tonal orthography)


ablъkъ

àblъkъ (canonical masculine)
àblъkъ (nominative singular)
àblъka (dual nominative)
àblъci (nominative plural)
àblъka (genitive singular)
àblъku (dual genitive)
àblъkъ (genitive plural)
àblъku (dative singular)
àblъkoma (dative dual)
àblъkomъ (dative plural)
àblъkъ (accusative singular)
àblъka (accusative dual)
àblъky (accusative plural)
àblъkъmь (instrumental singular)
àblъkomь (instrumental singular)
àblъkoma (dual instrumental)
àblъkȳ (instrumental plural)
àblъcě (locative singular)
àblъku (dual locative)
àblъcě̄xъ (locative plural)
àblъče (singular vocative)
àblъka (dual vocative)
àblъci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ꙗблокъ (jablokŭ)

Belarusian: я́блык (jáblyk)

Russian: я́блок (jáblok) (dialectal)

(originally) diminutive of *ablo (“apple”)


babunъ

babunъ (nominative singular)
babuna (dual nominative)
babuni (nominative plural)
babuna (genitive singular)
babunu (dual genitive)
babunъ (genitive plural)
babunu (dative singular)
babunoma (dative dual)
babunomъ (dative plural)
babunъ (accusative singular)
babuna (accusative dual)
babuny (accusative plural)
babunъmь (instrumental singular)
babunomь (instrumental singular)
babunoma (dual instrumental)
babuny (instrumental plural)
babuně (locative singular)
babunu (dual locative)
babuněxъ (locative plural)
babune (singular vocative)
babuna (dual vocative)
babuni (plural vocative)
*babona (alternative)

Alternative form of *babonъ (“superstition, superstitious person”)


gъrba

gъrba (nominative singular)
gъrbě (dual nominative)
gъrby (nominative plural)
gъrby (genitive singular)
gъrbu (dual genitive)
gъrbъ (genitive plural)
gъrbě (dative singular)
gъrbama (dative dual)
gъrbamъ (dative plural)
gъrbǫ (accusative singular)
gъrbě (accusative dual)
gъrby (accusative plural)
gъrbojǫ (instrumental singular)
gъrbǫ (instrumental singular)
gъrbama (dual instrumental)
gъrbami (instrumental plural)
gъrbě (locative singular)
gъrbu (dual locative)
gъrbasъ (locative plural)
gъrbaxъ (locative plural)
gъrbo (singular vocative)
gъrbě (dual vocative)
gъrby (plural vocative)


krydla

krydla (nominative singular)
krydlě (dual nominative)
krydly (nominative plural)
krydly (genitive singular)
krydlu (dual genitive)
krydlъ (genitive plural)
krydlě (dative singular)
krydlama (dative dual)
krydlamъ (dative plural)
krydlǫ (accusative singular)
krydlě (accusative dual)
krydly (accusative plural)
krydlojǫ (instrumental singular)
krydlǫ (instrumental singular)
krydlama (dual instrumental)
krydlami (instrumental plural)
krydlě (locative singular)
krydlu (dual locative)
krydlasъ (locative plural)
krydlaxъ (locative plural)
krydlo (singular vocative)
krydlě (dual vocative)
krydly (plural vocative)

Alternative form of *krydlo (“covering, cover”)


břuxъ

břȗxъ (canonical masculine)
břȗxъ (nominative singular)
břȗxa (dual nominative)
břȗśi (nominative plural)
břȗxa (genitive singular)
břuxù (dual genitive)
břũxъ (genitive plural)
břȗxu (dative singular)
břuxomà (dative dual)
břuxòmъ (dative plural)
břȗxъ (accusative singular)
břȗxa (accusative dual)
břȗxy (accusative plural)
břȗxъmь (instrumental singular)
břȗxomь (instrumental singular)
břuxomà (dual instrumental)
břuxý (instrumental plural)
břȗśě (locative singular)
břuxù (dual locative)
břuśě̃xъ (locative plural)
břuše (singular vocative)
břȗxa (dual vocative)
břȗśi (plural vocative)


čudъ

čùdъ (canonical masculine)
čùdъ (nominative singular)
čùda (dual nominative)
čùdi (nominative plural)
čùda (genitive singular)
čùdu (dual genitive)
čùdъ (genitive plural)
čùdu (dative singular)
čùdoma (dative dual)
čùdomъ (dative plural)
čùdъ (accusative singular)
čùda (accusative dual)
čùdy (accusative plural)
čùdъmь (instrumental singular)
čùdomь (instrumental singular)
čùdoma (dual instrumental)
čùdȳ (instrumental plural)
čùdě (locative singular)
čùdu (dual locative)
čùdě̄xъ (locative plural)
čùde (singular vocative)
čùda (dual vocative)
čùdi (plural vocative)

Alternative form of *čùdo (“miracle, wonder”)


bermę

bèrmę (canonical)
bȇrmę (canonical neuter)
bèrmę (nominative singular)
bèrmeni (dual nominative)
bèrmenā (nominative plural)
bèrmene (genitive singular)
bèrmenu (dual genitive)
bèrmenъ (genitive plural)
bèrmeni (dative singular)
bèrmenьma (dative dual)
bèrmenьmъ (dative plural)
bèrmę (accusative singular)
bèrmeni (accusative dual)
bèrmenā (accusative plural)
bèrmenьmь (instrumental singular)
bèrmenьma (dual instrumental)
bèrmenȳ (instrumental plural)
bèrmene (locative singular)
bèrmenu (dual locative)
bèrmenьxъ (locative plural)
bèrmę (singular vocative)
bèrmeni (dual vocative)
bèrmenā (plural vocative)
bȇrmę (nominative singular)
bȇrmeni (dual nominative)
bermenà (nominative plural)
bȇrmene (genitive singular)
bermenù (dual genitive)
bermènъ (genitive plural)
bȇrmeni (dative singular)
bermenьmà (dative dual)
bermènьmъ (dative plural)
bȇrmę (accusative singular)
bȇrmeni (accusative dual)
bermenà (accusative plural)
bȇrmenьmь (instrumental singular)
bermenьmà (dual instrumental)
bermený (instrumental plural)
bȇrmene (locative singular)
bermenù (dual locative)
bermènьxъ (locative plural)
bȇrmę (singular vocative)
bȇrmeni (dual vocative)
bermenà (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: беремѧ (beremę)

Belarusian: бярэ́мя (bjarémja)

Russian: бере́мя (berémja) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: беремя (beremja)

South Slavic:

desctree

Old Church Slavonic: брѣмѧ (brěmę)
Bulgarian: бре́ме (bréme)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: бреме, бриме, бримен
Latin script: breme, brime, bremen
→ Russian: бре́мя (brémja)

Macedonian: бреме (breme)

Slovene: bréme (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: břiemě

Czech: břímě, břemeno

Kashubian: brzemiã

Old Polish: brzemię
Polish: brzemię
Silesian: brzymiã

Slovak: bremeno, bremä (archaic)

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: brěmje

Upper Sorbian: brěmjo

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bérˀmin, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰérHmn̥. Cognate with Sanskrit भरीमन् (bhárīman, “nourishment, subsistence”) and parallel to Ancient Greek φέρμα (phérma, “fetus, fruit in the womb”), Sanskrit भर्मन् (bhárman, “support, preservation”) (without -H-).


čerda

čērdà (canonical feminine)
čērdà (nominative singular)
čẽrdě (dual nominative)
čērdỳ (nominative plural)
čērdỳ (genitive singular)
čērdù (dual genitive)
čẽrdъ (genitive plural)
čērdě̀ (dative singular)
čērdàma (dative dual)
čērdàmъ (dative plural)
čērdǫ̀ (accusative singular)
čẽrdě (accusative dual)
čērdỳ (accusative plural)
čērdòjǫ (instrumental singular)
čẽrdǫ (instrumental singular)
čērdàma (dual instrumental)
čērdàmī (instrumental plural)
čērdě̀ (locative singular)
čērdù (dual locative)
čērdàsъ (locative plural)
čērdàxъ (locative plural)
čerdo (singular vocative)
čẽrdě (dual vocative)
čērdỳ (plural vocative)
*čẽrdъ (alternative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: череда (čereda)

Belarusian: чарада́ (čaradá)

desc

Russian: череда́ (čeredá, “sequence, file, turn (obsolete), herd of cattle (dialectal)”), acc. череду́ (čeredú), че́реду (čéredu) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: череда́ (čeredá)

→ Polish: czereda

→ Yiddish: טשערעדע (tsherede)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: чрѣда (črěda)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: черда́ (čerdá, “herd of cattle”)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чре́да (“turn, sequence”)

Latin script: čréda

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: črẹ́da (“herd, flock, row”) (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: čřieda

Czech: třída

desctree

Old Polish: trzoda, czroda, czrzoda, strzeda
Polish: trzoda

Slovak: črieda (“herd”), trieda (“class”)

Slovincian: strzóda (“herd”)

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: črjóda (“multitude”)

Non-Slavic:

→ Romanian: cireadă

→ Hungarian: csorda

→ Romanian: ciurdă

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *(s)kerdāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerdʰ-.
Baltic cognates include
Lithuanian ker̃džius (“shepherd”), sker̃džius (“shepherd”), Old Prussian kērdan (“time (acc. sg.)”).
Indo-European cognates include Proto-Germanic *herdō (“herd”), and possibly Sanskrit शर्ध m (śárdha, “host (of Maruts)”) and Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (sar^əδa, “kind, nature”).


lětь

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: лѣть (lětĭ)

Belarusian: лець (ljecʹ)

Russian: леть (letʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: лѣть (lětĭ)

Glagolitic: ⰾⱑⱅⱐ (lětĭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: lijet

From Proto-Indo-European *leh₁-ti-, from Proto-Indo-European *leh₁-.
Cognate with Lithuanian letas (“slow”), Latvian lets (“cheap”), Proto-Germanic *lētaną (“to let”).


děliti

děľenьje (noun-from-verb)
děliti (infinitive)
dělitъ (supine)
dělilъ (l-participle)
děľenъ (participle passive past)
dělimъ (participle passive present)
děľь (active participle past)
dělę (active participle present)
dělixъ (aorist first-person singular)
děli (aorist second-person singular)
děli (aorist singular third-person)
děľǫ (first-person present singular)
děliši (present second-person singular)
dělitь (present singular third-person)
dělixově (aorist dual first-person)
dělista (aorist dual second-person)
děliste (aorist dual third-person)
dělivě (dual first-person present)
dělita (dual present second-person)
dělite (dual present third-person)
dělixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
děliste (aorist plural second-person)
dělišę (aorist plural third-person)
dělimъ (first-person plural present)
dělite (plural present second-person)
dělętь (plural present third-person)
děľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
děľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
děľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
děli (imperative second-person singular)
děli (imperative singular third-person)
děľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
děľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
děľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
dělivě (dual first-person imperative)
dělita (dual imperative second-person)
děľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
děľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
děľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
dělimъ (first-person imperative plural)
dělite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: дѣлити (děliti)

desc

Middle Belarusian: дѣлити (děliti), делити (deliti)

Belarusian: дзялі́ць (dzjalícʹ)

Russian: дели́ть (delítʹ)

Ukrainian: діли́ти (dilýty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: дѣлити (děliti)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: деля́ (deljá)

Macedonian: дели (deli)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: де́лити, дијѐлити

Latin script: déliti, dijèliti

Slovene: delīti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: děliti

Czech: dělit

Polabian: delĕ

Polish: dzielić

Slovak: deliť

Slovincian: dzêlëc

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: dźělić

Lower Sorbian: źěliś

From *dělъ + *-iti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dail-. Cognate with Lithuanian dailýti, 3sg. dai̇̃lo, Proto-Germanic *dailijaną.

Rick Derksen
be:Аркадзь Іосіфавіч Жураўскі


jętry

jętry (nominative singular)
jętrъvi (dual nominative)
jętrъvi (nominative plural)
jętrъve (genitive singular)
jętrъvu (dual genitive)
jętrъvъ (genitive plural)
jętrъvi (dative singular)
jętrъvьma (dative dual)
jętrъvama (dative dual)
jętrъvьmъ (dative plural)
jętrъvamъ (dative plural)
jętrъvь (accusative singular)
jętrъvi (accusative dual)
jętrъvi (accusative plural)
jętrъvьjǫ (instrumental singular)
jętrъvľǫ (instrumental singular)
jętrъvьma (dual instrumental)
jętrъvama (dual instrumental)
jętrъvьmi (instrumental plural)
jętrъvami (instrumental plural)
jętrъve (locative singular)
jętrъvu (dual locative)
jętrъvьxъ (locative plural)
jętrъvaxъ (locative plural)
jętry (singular vocative)
jętrъvi (dual vocative)
jętrъvi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ѩтрꙑ (jętry)

Belarusian: ятро́ўка (jatróŭka)

Russian: я́тровь (játrovʹ) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: ятрі́вка (jatrívka), ятро́вка (jatróvka)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: (Gerov) ятръ́ва (jatrǎ́va), етръ́ва (etrǎ́va), етъ́рва (etǎ́rva), ентръ́ва (entrǎ́va) (dialectal)

Old Church Slavonic: ѩтрꙑ (jętry)

Macedonian: јатрва (jatrva)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: је̑трва, је̏трва, је́трва

Latin script: jȇtrva, jȅtrva, jétrva

Slovene: jẹ̑trva (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jatrev

desctree

Old Polish: jątrew, jątry
Polish: jątrew (archaic)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *jenˀtē, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁yénh₂tēr. Baltic cognates include Lithuanian jéntė (17th century), i̇̀ntė (Eastern dialectal), Latvian ìetere, iẽtaļa. Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek ἐνάτηρ (enátēr), Latin janitrīcēs, Sanskrit यातृ (yātṛ), and Old Armenian ներ (ner).

ętry

sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife)


ętro

ę̄trò (canonical neuter)
ę̄trò (nominative singular)
ę̃trě (dual nominative)
ę̄trà (nominative plural)
ę̄trà (genitive singular)
ę̄trù (dual genitive)
ę̃trъ (genitive plural)
ę̄trù (dative singular)
ę̄tròma (dative dual)
ę̄tròmъ (dative plural)
ę̄trò (accusative singular)
ę̃trě (accusative dual)
ę̄trà (accusative plural)
ę̄trъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
ę̄tròmь (instrumental singular)
ę̄tròma (dual instrumental)
ę̃try (instrumental plural)
ę̄trě̀ (locative singular)
ę̄trù (dual locative)
ę̃trěxъ (locative plural)
ę̄trò (singular vocative)
ę̃trě (dual vocative)
ę̄trà (plural vocative)

desc

Old Church Slavonic: ꙗтро (jatro), ѩтро (jętro) (Russian)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ꙗтро (jatro, “liver, (pl.) entrails”)

Russian: я́тро (játro), ятро́ (jatró, “entrails, eggs”), pl. я́тра (játra)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: ятро́ (jatró)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: је̏тра; је̑тра (Dubrovnik)

Latin: jȅtra (pl.); jȇtra (Dubrovnik)

Slovene: jẹ́tra (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: játry

Czech: játra

Polabian: jǫtră

Old Polish: jętry

Slovak: jatrá

Slovincian: jitrza

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: jatra, jětro

Lower Sorbian: jětša, jětšo

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *entrá, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁entrom.
Baltic cognates include Old Prussian instran (“fat”).
Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit आन्त्र n (āntrá, “intestine”), Ancient Greek ἔντερα n (éntera, “entrails”, pl.).


jěxati

jě̀xati (canonical imperfective)
a (accent-paradigm)
jěxanьje (noun-from-verb)
jěxati (infinitive)
jěxatъ (supine)
jěxalъ (l-participle)
a (accent-paradigm)
jěxanъ (participle passive past)
jědomъ (participle passive present)
jěxavъ (active participle past)
jědy (active participle present)
a (accent-paradigm)
jěxaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
jěxa (aorist second-person singular)
jěxa (aorist singular third-person)
jědǫ (first-person present singular)
jědeši (present second-person singular)
jědetь (present singular third-person)
jěxaxově (aorist dual first-person)
jěxasta (aorist dual second-person)
jěxaste (aorist dual third-person)
jědevě (dual first-person present)
jědeta (dual present second-person)
jědete (dual present third-person)
jěxaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
jěxaste (aorist plural second-person)
jěxašę (aorist plural third-person)
jědemъ (first-person plural present)
jědete (plural present second-person)
jědǫtь (plural present third-person)
jěxaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
jěxaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
jěxaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
jědi (imperative second-person singular)
jědi (imperative singular third-person)
jěxaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
jěxaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
jěxaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
jěděvě (dual first-person imperative)
jěděta (dual imperative second-person)
jěxaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
jěxaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
jěxaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
jěděmъ (first-person imperative plural)
jěděte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: ѣхати (jěxati), ꙓхати (jěxati), ꙗхати (jaxati)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: ѣ́хати (jě́xati), ꙗ́хати (jáxati)
Belarusian: е́хаць (jéxacʹ)
Carpathian Rusyn: ї́хати (jíxaty) (rare)
Ukrainian: ї́хати (jíxaty)

Russian: е́хать (jéxatʹ)

Old Novgorodian: ѣхати (jěxati)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: ꙗхати (jaxati)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: я́хам (jáham)

Macedonian: јава (java)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ја̏хати

Latin script: jȁhati

Slovene: jāhati (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: jechat

Old Polish: jechać, jachać
Polish: jechać, jachać (Middle Polish, regional)
Silesian: jechać

Old Slovak: jachať

Slovak: jachať

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: jachac

Slovincian: jachac

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: jěchać

Lower Sorbian: jěś

Derived from *jěti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *jā́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂-. Baltic cognates include Lithuanian jóti (“to ride”), Latvian jât (“to ride”). Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit याति (yāti), Avestan 𐬫𐬁𐬌𐬙𐬌 (yāⁱti), Hittite [script needed] (iya-), Tocharian B yā-.


edla

edlà (canonical feminine)
edlà (nominative singular)
ȅdlě (dual nominative)
ȅdly (nominative plural)
edlý (genitive singular)
edlù (dual genitive)
èdlъ (genitive plural)
edlě̀ (dative singular)
edlàma (dative dual)
edlàmъ (dative plural)
ȅdlǫ (accusative singular)
ȅdlě (accusative dual)
ȅdly (accusative plural)
edlojǫ́ (instrumental singular)
edlàma (dual instrumental)
edlàmi (instrumental plural)
ȅdlě (locative singular)
edlù (dual locative)
edlàsъ (locative plural)
edlàxъ (locative plural)
edlo (singular vocative)
ȅdlě (dual vocative)
ȅdly (plural vocative)

Alternative form of *ȅdlь (“spruce, fir”)


ľudъ

ľȗdъ (canonical masculine)
ľȗdъ (nominative singular)
ľȗda (dual nominative)
ľȗdi (nominative plural)
ľȗda (genitive singular)
ľudù (dual genitive)
ľũdъ (genitive plural)
ľȗdu (dative singular)
ľudomà (dative dual)
ľudòmъ (dative plural)
ľȗdъ (accusative singular)
ľȗda (accusative dual)
ľȗdy (accusative plural)
ľȗdъmь (instrumental singular)
ľȗdomь (instrumental singular)
ľudomà (dual instrumental)
ľudý (instrumental plural)
ľȗdě (locative singular)
ľudù (dual locative)
ľudě̃xъ (locative plural)
ľude (singular vocative)
ľȗda (dual vocative)
ľȗdi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *людъ (*ljudŭ)

Old Ruthenian: людъ (ljud)

Belarusian: люд (ljud)

Carpathian Rusyn: люд (ljud)

Ukrainian: люд (ljud)

Russian: люд (ljud)

Old Novgorodian: людъ (ljudŭ)

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic: людъ (ljudŭ)

Bulgarian: люд (ljud) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: људ (dialectal)

Latin script: ljud (dialectal)

Slovene: ljȗd (tonal orthography) (archaic)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: ľud

Czech: lid

Old Polish: lud

Polish: lud

Old Slovak: ľud, lid

Slovak: ľud

Polabian: ľai̯dai̯ pl

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: lud

Slovincian: lúd

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: lud

Lower Sorbian: lud

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *h₁lewdʰ-o-s. Compare Proto-Germanic *liudaz (Old High German liut), possibly Albanian lirë.

inh+

people (body of persons of the same ethnic group or speaking the same language)


ľudьje

ľȗdьje (canonical masculine plural)
ľȗdьjē (nominative plural)
ľudь̀jь (genitive plural)
ľȗdьmъ (dative plural)
ľȗdi (accusative plural)
ľudьmì (instrumental plural)
ľȗdьxъ (locative plural)
ľȗdьjē (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: людьѥ (ljudĭje), люди (ljudi)

Old Ruthenian: лю́ди (ljúdi), лу́ди (lúdi), лю́дїе (ljúdje), лу́дїе (lúdje)

Carpathian Rusyn: лю́де (ljúde)

Middle Belarusian: лю́дзи (ljúdzi)

Belarusian: лю́дзі (ljúdzi)

Ukrainian: лю́ди (ljúdy); лю́де (ljúde) (dialectal)

Russian: лю́ди (ljúdi)

→ Ludian: lüüdi

→ Finnish: lyydi

→ English: Ludic

→ Livvi: livvi

Old Novgorodian: людьѥ (ljudĭje), лоудьѥ (ludĭje)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: людиѥ (ljudije)

Glagolitic: ⰾⱓⰴⰻⰵ (ljudie)

Bulgarian: лю́де (ljúde), лю́ди (ljúdi)

Macedonian: луѓе (luǵe)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: љу̑ди

Latin script: ljȗdi

Slovene: ljudjẹ̑ (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: ľudie
Czech: lidé

desctree

Old Polish: ludzie
Polish: ludzie
Silesian: ludzie

Old Slovak: ludzie

Pannonian Rusyn: людзе (ljudze)

Slovak: ľudia

Polabian: ľaudai, ľaudi

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: lëdze

Slovincian: lëdze

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: ludźo

Lower Sorbian: luźe

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ljaudejes, nominative plural of *ljaudis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁léwdʰis.


gъnati

gъnàti (canonical imperfective)
b (accent-paradigm)
gъnanьje (noun-from-verb)
gъnati (infinitive)
gъnatъ (supine)
gъnalъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
gъnanъ (participle passive past)
ženomъ (participle passive present)
gъnavъ (active participle past)
ženy (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
gъnaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
gъna (aorist second-person singular)
gъna (aorist singular third-person)
ženǫ (first-person present singular)
ženeši (present second-person singular)
ženetь (present singular third-person)
gъnaxově (aorist dual first-person)
gъnasta (aorist dual second-person)
gъnaste (aorist dual third-person)
ženevě (dual first-person present)
ženeta (dual present second-person)
ženete (dual present third-person)
gъnaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
gъnaste (aorist plural second-person)
gъnašę (aorist plural third-person)
ženemъ (first-person plural present)
ženete (plural present second-person)
ženǫtь (plural present third-person)
gъnaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
gъnaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
gъnaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
ženi (imperative second-person singular)
ženi (imperative singular third-person)
gъnaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
gъnaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
gъnaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
ženěvě (dual first-person imperative)
ženěta (dual imperative second-person)
gъnaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
gъnaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
gъnaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
ženěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
ženěte (imperative plural second-person)
c (accent-paradigm)
gъnanьje (noun-from-verb)
gъnati (infinitive)
gъnatъ (supine)
gъnalъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
gъnanъ (participle passive past)
ženomъ (participle passive present)
gъnavъ (active participle past)
ženy (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
gъnaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
gъna (aorist second-person singular)
gъna (aorist singular third-person)
ženǫ (first-person present singular)
ženeši (present second-person singular)
ženetь (present singular third-person)
gъnaxově (aorist dual first-person)
gъnasta (aorist dual second-person)
gъnaste (aorist dual third-person)
ženevě (dual first-person present)
ženeta (dual present second-person)
ženete (dual present third-person)
gъnaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
gъnaste (aorist plural second-person)
gъnašę (aorist plural third-person)
ženemъ (first-person plural present)
ženete (plural present second-person)
ženǫtь (plural present third-person)
gъnaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
gъnaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
gъnaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
ženi (imperative second-person singular)
ženi (imperative singular third-person)
gъnaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
gъnaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
gъnaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
ženěvě (dual first-person imperative)
ženěta (dual imperative second-person)
gъnaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
gъnaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
gъnaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
ženěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
ženěte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: гънати (gŭnati)

Belarusian: гнаць (hnacʹ), 1sg. pres. ганю́ (hanjú)

Russian: гнать (gnatʹ), 1sg. pres. гоню́ (gonjú)

Ukrainian: гна́ти (hnáty), 1sg. pres. жену́ (ženú)

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic: гънати (gŭnati) (Russian)

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: гънати (gŭnati)

Glagolitic script: [Term?]

Bulgarian: го́ня (gónja)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: гна̏ти

Latin script: gnȁti

Slovene: gnáti (tonal orthography), 1sg. pres. žénem

West Slavic:

Old Czech: hnáti

Czech: hnát, 1sg. pres. ženu

Kashubian: gnac

Polabian: zinĕ

Old Polish: gnać

Polish: gnać, 1sg. pres. gnam

Slovak: hnať

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: hnać

Lower Sorbian: gnaś

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gúntei, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰénti.


grьměti

grьmě̀ti (canonical imperfective)
grimàti (frequentative)
c (accent-paradigm)
grьměnьje (noun-from-verb)
grьměti (infinitive)
grьmětъ (supine)
grьmělъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
grьměvъ (active participle past)
grьmę (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
grьměxъ (aorist first-person singular)
grьmě (aorist second-person singular)
grьmě (aorist singular third-person)
grьmľǫ (first-person present singular)
grьmiši (present second-person singular)
grьmitь (present singular third-person)
grьměxově (aorist dual first-person)
grьměsta (aorist dual second-person)
grьměste (aorist dual third-person)
grьmivě (dual first-person present)
grьmita (dual present second-person)
grьmite (dual present third-person)
grьměxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
grьměste (aorist plural second-person)
grьměšę (aorist plural third-person)
grьmimъ (first-person plural present)
grьmite (plural present second-person)
grьmętь (plural present third-person)
grьměaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
grьměaše (imperfect second-person singular)
grьměaše (imperfect singular third-person)
grьmi (imperative second-person singular)
grьmi (imperative singular third-person)
grьměaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
grьměašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
grьměašete (dual imperfect third-person)
grьmivě (dual first-person imperative)
grьmita (dual imperative second-person)
grьměaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
grьměašete (imperfect plural second-person)
grьměaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
grьmimъ (first-person imperative plural)
grьmite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: грьмѣти (grĭměti), гремѣти (greměti)

Belarusian: грыме́ць (hrymjécʹ)

Russian: греме́ть (gremétʹ)

Ukrainian: гремі́ти (hremíty), гримі́ти (hrymíty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: грьмѣти (grĭměti)

Glagolitic: ⰳⱃⱐⰿⱑⱅⰻ (grĭměti)

Bulgarian: гърмя́ (gǎrmjá)

Macedonian: грми (grmi)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: гр̀мљети, гр̀мети

Latin: gr̀mljeti, gr̀meti

Slovene: grmẹ́ti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: hřmieti

Czech: hřmít, hřmět

Polabian: gramăt

Old Polish: grzmieć

Polish: grzmieć

Slovak: hrmieť

Slovincian: grzmjêc

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *grimēˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰr̥m-eh₁-. Cognate with Lithuanian grumė́ti (“to thunder, to roar”), gruménti (“to roar”), Latvian gremt (“to mutter”), Old Prussian grumins (“thunder”), Proto-Germanic *grimmaną (“to rage”), *gramjaną (“to provoke, anger”), and possibly Ancient Greek χρεμετῐ́ζω (khremetĭ́zō, “to neigh”).


xoldъ

xȏldъ (canonical masculine)
xȏldъ (nominative singular)
xȏlda (dual nominative)
xȏldi (nominative plural)
xȏlda (genitive singular)
xoldù (dual genitive)
xõldъ (genitive plural)
xȏldu (dative singular)
xoldomà (dative dual)
xoldòmъ (dative plural)
xȏldъ (accusative singular)
xȏlda (accusative dual)
xȏldy (accusative plural)
xȏldъmь (instrumental singular)
xȏldomь (instrumental singular)
xoldomà (dual instrumental)
xoldý (instrumental plural)
xȏldě (locative singular)
xoldù (dual locative)
xoldě̃xъ (locative plural)
xolde (singular vocative)
xȏlda (dual vocative)
xȏldi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: хо́лад (xólad)

Russian: хо́лод (xólod)

Ukrainian: хо́лод (xólod)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: хладъ (xladŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱈⰾⰰⰴⱏ (xladŭ)

Bulgarian: хлад (hlad)

Macedonian: лад (lad)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: хла̑д

Latin script: hlȃd

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: hlȃd (“coolness”) (tonal orthography); dialectal hlad (“shadow”)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: chlad

Czech: chlad

Kashubian: chłód

Polabian: xlåd

Polish: chłód

Slovak: chlad

Slovincian: chlôd

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: chłód, gen. chłoda

desc

Lower Sorbian: chłodk (“coolness, shade”)

Unclear.
* Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (reconstructed by Illich-Svitych as *(s)gel- in order to accommodate the Slavic data), in which case it is cognate with Latin gelidus (“cool, icy”), English cold, Sanskrit जड (jaḍa), but initial *x- is hard to explain.
* Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ḱelH-, in which case it is cognate with Lithuanian šáltas (“cold”), Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬀 (sar^əta), Persian سرد (sard), Ossetian салд (sald), but initial *x- is likewise hard to explain.


Mokošь

Mokošь (nominative singular)
Mokoši (genitive singular)
Mokoši (dative singular)
Mokošь (accusative singular)
Mokoši (locative singular)
Mokoši (singular vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: Мокошь (Mokošĭ), Мокашь (Mokašĭ, “Mokosh”)

Russian: мокош (mokoš), мокуш (mokuš), Мокошь (Mokošʹ), макеш (makeš, “demon, helpful spirit, mythical being”) (dialectal)

⇒ Russian: мо́куша (mókuša), мокуша́ (mokušá), мокоша́ (mokošá), мокуша (mokuša) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: Макешь (Makešʹ), Макош (Makoš) (dialectal?)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: Мокош, Мокошка (personal name)

Latin script: Mokoš, Mokoška (personal name)

West Slavic:

>? Czech: Mokošín (toponym)

Moravian: >? mokeš (“nickname”)

Old Polabian: *Mokos

→ Latin: Mukus, Mukes (learned)

From *moky (“wetland”) + *-ošь, literally “she who is wet”.

affix

Mokosh (Slavic goddess of earth and fate)


sěverъ

sě̀verъ (canonical masculine)
sěverъ (nominative singular)
sěvera (dual nominative)
sěveri (nominative plural)
sěvera (genitive singular)
sěveru (dual genitive)
sěverъ (genitive plural)
sěveru (dative singular)
sěveroma (dative dual)
sěveromъ (dative plural)
sěverъ (accusative singular)
sěvera (accusative dual)
sěvery (accusative plural)
sěverъmь (instrumental singular)
sěveromь (instrumental singular)
sěveroma (dual instrumental)
sěverȳ (instrumental plural)
sěverě (locative singular)
sěveru (dual locative)
sěverě̄xъ (locative plural)
sěvere (singular vocative)
sěvera (dual vocative)
sěveri (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: сѣверъ (sěverŭ)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: сѣ́веръ (sě́ver)
Belarusian: се́вер (sjévjer), сі́вер (sívjer)
Carpathian Rusyn: сї́вер (sjíver)
Ukrainian: сі́вер (síver)

Russian: се́вер (séver)

Old Novgorodian: *сивере (*sivere)

desc

→ Russian: си́вер (síver, “north wind”) (Arkhangelsk dialect)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱑⰲⰵⱃⱏ (sěverŭ)

Old Cyrillic script: сѣверъ (sěverŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: се̏ве̄р, сје̏ве̄р

Latin script: sȅvēr, sjȅvēr

Slovene: sẹ́ver (tonal orthography); sẹvər (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: sěver

Czech: sever

→ Upper Sorbian: sewjer (“north”)

→ Lower Sorbian: sewjer (“north”)

Polish: siewier, Siewiór

Slovak: sever

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: sowjer (“high-altitude haze”)

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *śḗˀweras /*śjáuˀrias. Derksen derives it from *ḱeh₁wer-o-s, Dybo from *(s)ḱyeh₂w- ~ *(s)ḱih₂w- (“north; north wind”). Cognate with Lithuanian šiaurỹs (“north wind”), šiáurė (“north”), šiū́ra (dialectal).


jugъ

jùgъ (canonical masculine)
jùgъ (nominative singular)
jùga (dual nominative)
jùdzi (nominative plural)
jùga (genitive singular)
jùgu (dual genitive)
jùgъ (genitive plural)
jùgu (dative singular)
jùgoma (dative dual)
jùgomъ (dative plural)
jùgъ (accusative singular)
jùga (accusative dual)
jùgy (accusative plural)
jùgъmь (instrumental singular)
jùgomь (instrumental singular)
jùgoma (dual instrumental)
jùgȳ (instrumental plural)
jùdzě (locative singular)
jùgu (dual locative)
jùdzě̄xъ (locative plural)
jùže (singular vocative)
jùga (dual vocative)
jùdzi (plural vocative)
*jugo (alternative)
*juga (alternative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: угъ (ugŭ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: югъ (jugŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱓⰳⱏ (jugŭ)

Bulgarian: юг (jug)

Macedonian: југ (jug)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ју̏г

Latin script: jȕg, jȕgo (Chakavian)

Slovene: jȕg

West Slavic:

Old Czech: juh

Czech: jih

Kashubian: jug, jig (dialectal)

Polish: jug (“thaw”) (dialectal)

Slovak: juh

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: jug

Upper Sorbian: juh

Non-Slavic:

→ Albanian: jug

Unclear:
* Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg- (“sunlight, sunbeam”), thereby cognate with Ancient Greek αὐγή (augḗ, “light, beam”) and perhaps Albanian ag (“daybreak, dawn, beginning; twilight, dusk”) and agój (“to dawn”) and thus from Proto-Balto-Slavic *aug-. (For a parallel semantic development, cf. Proto-Germanic *sunþraz.)
* Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *yowH- (“to mix, to knead”).


vortiti

vōrtìti (canonical)
b (accent-paradigm)
vorťenьje (noun-from-verb)
vortiti (infinitive)
vortitъ (supine)
vortilъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
vorťenъ (participle passive past)
vortimъ (participle passive present)
vorťь (active participle past)
vortę (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
vortixъ (aorist first-person singular)
vorti (aorist second-person singular)
vorti (aorist singular third-person)
vorťǫ (first-person present singular)
vortiši (present second-person singular)
vortitь (present singular third-person)
vortixově (aorist dual first-person)
vortista (aorist dual second-person)
vortiste (aorist dual third-person)
vortivě (dual first-person present)
vortita (dual present second-person)
vortite (dual present third-person)
vortixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
vortiste (aorist plural second-person)
vortišę (aorist plural third-person)
vortimъ (first-person plural present)
vortite (plural present second-person)
vortętь (plural present third-person)
vorťaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
vorťaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
vorťaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
vorti (imperative second-person singular)
vorti (imperative singular third-person)
vorťaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
vorťaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
vorťaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
vortivě (dual first-person imperative)
vortita (dual imperative second-person)
vorťaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
vorťaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
vorťaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
vortimъ (first-person imperative plural)
vortite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: воротити (vorotiti)

Old Ruthenian: воротити (vorotiti)

Russian: вороти́ть (vorotítʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: вратити (vratiti)

Bulgarian: вра́тя (vrátja) (dialectal)

Macedonian: вра́ти (vráti)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: вра́тити

Latin script: vrátiti

Slovene: vrátiti

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vrátiti
Czech: vrátit

Polabian: vortait

desctree

Old Polish: wrócić
Polish: wrócić
Silesian: wrōcić

Old Slovak: vrátiť
Pannonian Rusyn: врациц (vracic)
Slovak: vrátiť

Polabian: vortăt

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: wrócëc

Slovincian: wrôcëc

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: wróćić

Lower Sorbian: wrośiś

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wártīˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *wortéyeti, from the root *wert-.


zěvati

zěvàti (canonical)
zěvanьje (noun-from-verb)
zěvati (infinitive)
zěvatъ (supine)
zěvalъ (l-participle)
zěvanъ (participle passive past)
zěvajemъ (participle passive present)
zěvavъ (active participle past)
zěvaję (active participle present)
zěvaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
zěva (aorist second-person singular)
zěva (aorist singular third-person)
zěvajǫ (first-person present singular)
zěvaješi (present second-person singular)
zěvajetь (present singular third-person)
zěvaxově (aorist dual first-person)
zěvasta (aorist dual second-person)
zěvaste (aorist dual third-person)
zěvajevě (dual first-person present)
zěvajeta (dual present second-person)
zěvajete (dual present third-person)
zěvaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
zěvaste (aorist plural second-person)
zěvašę (aorist plural third-person)
zěvajemъ (first-person plural present)
zěvajete (plural present second-person)
zěvajǫtь (plural present third-person)
zěvaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
zěvaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
zěvaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
zěvaji (imperative second-person singular)
zěvaji (imperative singular third-person)
zěvaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
zěvaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
zěvaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
zěvajivě (dual first-person imperative)
zěvajita (dual imperative second-person)
zěvaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
zěvaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
zěvaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
zěvajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
zěvajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: зѣвати (zěvati)

Old Ruthenian: зѣва́ти (zěváti)
Belarusian: зява́ць (zjavácʹ)
Carpathian Rusyn: зїва́ти (zjiváty)
Ukrainian: зіва́ти (ziváty)

Russian: зева́ть (zevátʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: зѣвати (zěvati)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: зѐвати

Latin: zèvati

Slovene: zẹ́vati (tonal orthography), 1sg. zẹ́vam (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: zewiac

Old Czech: zievati

Czech: zívat

Old Polish: dziewać, ziewać

Polish: ziewać

Silesian: ziywać

desc

Polabian: *zevăt (attested in 3sg. "zevă" or "zevĕ")

Slovak: zívať

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: zywać

Cognates include Lithuanian žióvauti, Latvian žàvât, Old High German giwēn, gewōn. See *zijati for more cognates.


znamę

znàmę (canonical neuter)
znàmę (nominative singular)
znàmeni (dual nominative)
znàmenā (nominative plural)
znàmene (genitive singular)
znàmenu (dual genitive)
znàmenъ (genitive plural)
znàmeni (dative singular)
znàmenьma (dative dual)
znàmenьmъ (dative plural)
znàmę (accusative singular)
znàmeni (accusative dual)
znàmenā (accusative plural)
znàmenьmь (instrumental singular)
znàmenьma (dual instrumental)
znàmenȳ (instrumental plural)
znàmene (locative singular)
znàmenu (dual locative)
znàmenьxъ (locative plural)
znàmę (singular vocative)
znàmeni (dual vocative)
znàmenā (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: знамꙗ (znamja)

Russian: зна́мя (známja, “banner”)

Ukrainian: зна́м'я (známʺja), знаме́но (znaméno)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: знамѧ (znamę)

Glagolitic script: ⰸⱀⰰⰿⱔ (znamę)

Bulgarian: зна́ме (známe)

Macedonian: знаме (zname)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: зна̏ме̄н

Latin script: znȁmēn

West Slavic:

Old Polish: znamię

Polish: znamię

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: znamjo

Lower Sorbian: znamje

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃-men. By surface analysis, *znati + *-mę. Cognate with Ancient Greek γνῶμα (gnôma, “sign, symptom”).


zъvati

c (accent-paradigm)
zъvanьje (noun-from-verb)
zъvati (infinitive)
zъvatъ (supine)
zъvalъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
zъvanъ (participle passive past)
zovomъ (participle passive present)
zъvavъ (active participle past)
zovy (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
zъvaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
zъva (aorist second-person singular)
zъva (aorist singular third-person)
zovǫ (first-person present singular)
zoveši (present second-person singular)
zovetь (present singular third-person)
zъvaxově (aorist dual first-person)
zъvasta (aorist dual second-person)
zъvaste (aorist dual third-person)
zovevě (dual first-person present)
zoveta (dual present second-person)
zovete (dual present third-person)
zъvaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
zъvaste (aorist plural second-person)
zъvašę (aorist plural third-person)
zovemъ (first-person plural present)
zovete (plural present second-person)
zovǫtь (plural present third-person)
zъvaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
zъvaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
zъvaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
zovi (imperative second-person singular)
zovi (imperative singular third-person)
zъvaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
zъvaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
zъvaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
zověvě (dual first-person imperative)
zověta (dual imperative second-person)
zъvaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
zъvaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
zъvaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
zověmъ (first-person imperative plural)
zověte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: зъвати (zŭvati)

Belarusian: зваць (zvacʹ)

Russian: звать (zvatʹ)

Ukrainian: зва́ти (zváty)

Old Novgorodian: звати (zvati)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: зъвати (zŭvati)

Glagolitic script: ⰸⱏⰲⰰⱅⰻ (zŭvati)

Bulgarian: зова́ (zová)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: зва̏ти

Latin script: zvȁti

Slovene: zváti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: zváti

Czech: zvát

Kashubian: zwac

Polabian: züvĕ (3rd singular)

Old Polish: zwać

Polish: zwać (literary)

Slovak: zvať

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰewH- (“to call, invoke”). Cognate with Lithuanian žavė́ti (“to fascinate, to charm”), Latvian zavêt (“to cast a spell”), Sanskrit हवते (hávate, “to call, invoke”), Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (zauuaⁱti, “to call”), Old Armenian ձաւնեմ (jawnem, “to dedicate”), Ancient Greek καυχάομαι (kaukháomai, “to boast”), Irish guth (“voice”).


dǫti

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: дѫти (dǫti), дꙋти (duti)

Belarusian: дуць (ducʹ), дзьмуць (dzʹmucʹ)

Russian: дуть (dutʹ)

Ukrainian: ду́ти (dúty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: дѫти (dǫti)

Glagolitic: ⰴⱘⱅⰻ (dǫti)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ду̏ти

Latin script: dȕti

Slovene: dúti (tonal orthography) (archaic)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: dúti

Czech: dout, dmout

Kashubian: dic, dąc

Polabian: dåmĕ (3sg.)

Polish: dąć

Slovak: dmuť

Slovincian: dyc

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: duć

Lower Sorbian: duś

From *nadǫti

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: на̀дути

Latin script: nàduti

Slovene: nadọ́ti (tonal orthography)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dúmˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰemH-.


gъbnǫti

gъbnǫ̀ti (canonical imperfective)
gъbenьje (noun-from-verb)
gъbnǫti (infinitive)
gъbnǫtъ (supine)
gъblъ (l-participle)
gъbenъ (participle passive past)
gъbnomъ (participle passive present)
gъbъ (active participle past)
gъbny (active participle present)
gъbъ (aorist first-person singular)
gъboxъ (aorist first-person singular)
gъbe (aorist second-person singular)
gъbe (aorist singular third-person)
gъbnǫ (first-person present singular)
gъbneši (present second-person singular)
gъbnetь (present singular third-person)
gъbově (aorist dual first-person)
gъboxově (aorist dual first-person)
gъbeta (aorist dual second-person)
gъbosta (aorist dual second-person)
gъbete (aorist dual third-person)
gъboste (aorist dual third-person)
gъbnevě (dual first-person present)
gъbneta (dual present second-person)
gъbnete (dual present third-person)
gъbomъ (aorist first-person plural)
gъboxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
gъbete (aorist plural second-person)
gъboste (aorist plural second-person)
gъbǫ (aorist plural third-person)
gъbošę (aorist plural third-person)
gъbnemъ (first-person plural present)
gъbnete (plural present second-person)
gъbnǫtь (plural present third-person)
gъbněaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
gъbněaše (imperfect second-person singular)
gъbněaše (imperfect singular third-person)
gъbni (imperative second-person singular)
gъbni (imperative singular third-person)
gъbněaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
gъbněašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
gъbněašete (dual imperfect third-person)
gъbněvě (dual first-person imperative)
gъbněta (dual imperative second-person)
gъbněaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
gъbněašete (imperfect plural second-person)
gъbněaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
gъbněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
gъbněte (imperative plural second-person)
gъbnovenьje (noun-from-verb)
gъbnǫti (infinitive)
gъbnǫtъ (supine)
gъbnǫlъ (l-participle)
gъbnovenъ (participle passive past)
gъbnomъ (participle passive present)
gъbnǫvъ (active participle past)
gъbny (active participle present)
gъbnǫxъ (aorist first-person singular)
gъbnǫ (aorist second-person singular)
gъbnǫ (aorist singular third-person)
gъbnǫ (first-person present singular)
gъbneši (present second-person singular)
gъbnetь (present singular third-person)
gъbnǫxově (aorist dual first-person)
gъbnǫsta (aorist dual second-person)
gъbnǫste (aorist dual third-person)
gъbnevě (dual first-person present)
gъbneta (dual present second-person)
gъbnete (dual present third-person)
gъbnǫxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
gъbnǫste (aorist plural second-person)
gъbnǫšę (aorist plural third-person)
gъbnemъ (first-person plural present)
gъbnete (plural present second-person)
gъbnǫtь (plural present third-person)
gъbněaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
gъbněaše (imperfect second-person singular)
gъbněaše (imperfect singular third-person)
gъbni (imperative second-person singular)
gъbni (imperative singular third-person)
gъbněaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
gъbněašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
gъbněašete (dual imperfect third-person)
gъbněvě (dual first-person imperative)
gъbněta (dual imperative second-person)
gъbněaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
gъbněašete (imperfect plural second-person)
gъbněaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
gъbněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
gъbněte (imperative plural second-person)
*gъnǫti (alternative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: гъбнѫти (gŭbnǫti), гънѫти (gŭnǫti)

Belarusian: гнуць (hnucʹ)

Russian: гнуть (gnutʹ)

Ukrainian: гну́ти (hnúty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: *гънѫти (*gŭnǫti)

⇒ Old Church Slavonic: съгънѫти (sŭgŭnǫti, “to fold”)

⇒ Old Church Slavonic: разгънѫти (razgŭnǫti, “to unfold”)

Bulgarian: гъ́на (gǎ́na)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: га̀нути

Latin script: gànuti

⇒ Slovene: ganīti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: hnúti

Czech: hnout

Old Polish: giąć

Polish: giąć

Silesian: gnōńć, gnůńć (Steuer's Silesian Alphabet), gnyć

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: dżic

Slovincian: gjyc

Slovak: hnúť, dialectal gebnúť

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: hnuć

Lower Sorbian: gnuś

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gúbtei + *-nǫti.

(transitive) to bend, to fold, to dimple


gъnǫti

gъbenьje (noun-from-verb)
gъnǫti (infinitive)
gъnǫtъ (supine)
gъblъ (l-participle)
gъbenъ (participle passive past)
gъnomъ (participle passive present)
gъbъ (active participle past)
gъny (active participle present)
gъbъ (aorist first-person singular)
gъboxъ (aorist first-person singular)
gъbe (aorist second-person singular)
gъbe (aorist singular third-person)
gъnǫ (first-person present singular)
gъneši (present second-person singular)
gъnetь (present singular third-person)
gъbově (aorist dual first-person)
gъboxově (aorist dual first-person)
gъbeta (aorist dual second-person)
gъbosta (aorist dual second-person)
gъbete (aorist dual third-person)
gъboste (aorist dual third-person)
gъnevě (dual first-person present)
gъneta (dual present second-person)
gъnete (dual present third-person)
gъbomъ (aorist first-person plural)
gъboxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
gъbete (aorist plural second-person)
gъboste (aorist plural second-person)
gъbǫ (aorist plural third-person)
gъbošę (aorist plural third-person)
gъnemъ (first-person plural present)
gъnete (plural present second-person)
gъnǫtь (plural present third-person)
gъněaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
gъněaše (imperfect second-person singular)
gъněaše (imperfect singular third-person)
gъni (imperative second-person singular)
gъni (imperative singular third-person)
gъněaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
gъněašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
gъněašete (dual imperfect third-person)
gъněvě (dual first-person imperative)
gъněta (dual imperative second-person)
gъněaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
gъněašete (imperfect plural second-person)
gъněaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
gъněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
gъněte (imperative plural second-person)

Alternative form of *gъbnǫti (“to bend”)


męti

mę̀ti (canonical imperfective)
b (accent-paradigm)
mьnenьje (noun-from-verb)
męti (infinitive)
mętъ (supine)
mьnlъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
mьnenъ (participle passive past)
mьnomъ (participle passive present)
mьnъ (active participle past)
mьny (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
mьnъ (aorist first-person singular)
mьnoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
mьne (aorist second-person singular)
mьne (aorist singular third-person)
mьnǫ (first-person present singular)
mьneši (present second-person singular)
mьnetь (present singular third-person)
mьnově (aorist dual first-person)
mьnoxově (aorist dual first-person)
mьneta (aorist dual second-person)
mьnosta (aorist dual second-person)
mьnete (aorist dual third-person)
mьnoste (aorist dual third-person)
mьnevě (dual first-person present)
mьneta (dual present second-person)
mьnete (dual present third-person)
mьnomъ (aorist first-person plural)
mьnoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
mьnete (aorist plural second-person)
mьnoste (aorist plural second-person)
mьnǫ (aorist plural third-person)
mьnošę (aorist plural third-person)
mьnemъ (first-person plural present)
mьnete (plural present second-person)
mьnǫtь (plural present third-person)
mьněaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
mьněaše (imperfect second-person singular)
mьněaše (imperfect singular third-person)
mьni (imperative second-person singular)
mьni (imperative singular third-person)
mьněaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
mьněašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
mьněašete (dual imperfect third-person)
mьněvě (dual first-person imperative)
mьněta (dual imperative second-person)
mьněaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
mьněašete (imperfect plural second-person)
mьněaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
mьněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
mьněte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: мяти (mjati)

Belarusian: мяць (mjacʹ)

Russian: мять (mjatʹ)

Ukrainian: м'яти (mʺjaty), мня́ти (mnjáty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: мѧти (męti)

Glagolitic script: ⰿⱔⱅⰻ (męti)

Bulgarian: мъ́на (mǎ́na)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: мети (only in Belostenec's dictionary)

Latin: meti

Slovene: mẹ́ti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: mieti

Czech: mnout (dated)

Old Polish: miąć

Polish: miąć

Slovak: mäť

Slovincian: mjyc

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *mínˀtei.
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian mi̇̀nti (“to trample, to scutch”), Latvian mĩt (“to trample, to scutch”). Further cognates unclear:
* Derksen says "doubtful whether there are any cognates outside of Balto-Slavic".
* Trubačev proposes Ancient Greek ματέω (matéō, “to trample, to tread”) from Proto-Indo-European *mn̥-tew-oh₂.
* Shansky additionally proposes Irish men (“flour”).


orsti

c (accent-paradigm)
orstenьje (noun-from-verb)
orsti (infinitive)
orstъ (supine)
orstlъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
orstenъ (participle passive past)
orstomъ (participle passive present)
orstъ (active participle past)
orsty (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
orstъ (aorist first-person singular)
orstoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
orste (aorist second-person singular)
orste (aorist singular third-person)
orstǫ (first-person present singular)
orsteši (present second-person singular)
orstetь (present singular third-person)
orstově (aorist dual first-person)
orstoxově (aorist dual first-person)
orsteta (aorist dual second-person)
orstosta (aorist dual second-person)
orstete (aorist dual third-person)
orstoste (aorist dual third-person)
orstevě (dual first-person present)
orsteta (dual present second-person)
orstete (dual present third-person)
orstomъ (aorist first-person plural)
orstoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
orstete (aorist plural second-person)
orstoste (aorist plural second-person)
orstǫ (aorist plural third-person)
orstošę (aorist plural third-person)
orstemъ (first-person plural present)
orstete (plural present second-person)
orstǫtь (plural present third-person)
orstěaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
orstěaše (imperfect second-person singular)
orstěaše (imperfect singular third-person)
orsti (imperative second-person singular)
orsti (imperative singular third-person)
orstěaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
orstěašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
orstěašete (dual imperfect third-person)
orstěvě (dual first-person imperative)
orstěta (dual imperative second-person)
orstěaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
orstěašete (imperfect plural second-person)
orstěaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
orstěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
orstěte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: расти (rasti), рости (rosti), рость (rostĭ)

Belarusian: расці́ (rascí)

Russian: расти́ (rastí) (spelling influenced by Church Slavic)

Ukrainian: рости́ (rostý)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: расти (rasti)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: раста́ (rastá)

Macedonian: расте (raste)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ра́сти

Latin script: rásti

Slovene: rásti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: rósti

Czech: růst

Polabian: rüst

Old Polish: róść

Polish: róść (obsolete)

Silesian: roś

Slovak: rásť

Slovincian: rôsc

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: rosć

Lower Sorbian: rosć

Unclear. Possibly related to Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- (“to rise”) (cf. Latin orior).

(intransitive) to grow (to become larger, to undergo growth)


lězti

lě̀zti (canonical imperfective)
a (accent-paradigm)
lězenьje (noun-from-verb)
lězti (infinitive)
lěztъ (supine)
lězlъ (l-participle)
a (accent-paradigm)
lězenъ (participle passive past)
lězomъ (participle passive present)
lězъ (active participle past)
lězy (active participle present)
a (accent-paradigm)
lězъ (aorist first-person singular)
lězoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
lěze (aorist second-person singular)
lěze (aorist singular third-person)
lězǫ (first-person present singular)
lězeši (present second-person singular)
lězetь (present singular third-person)
lězově (aorist dual first-person)
lězoxově (aorist dual first-person)
lězeta (aorist dual second-person)
lězosta (aorist dual second-person)
lězete (aorist dual third-person)
lězoste (aorist dual third-person)
lězevě (dual first-person present)
lězeta (dual present second-person)
lězete (dual present third-person)
lězomъ (aorist first-person plural)
lězoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
lězete (aorist plural second-person)
lězoste (aorist plural second-person)
lězǫ (aorist plural third-person)
lězošę (aorist plural third-person)
lězemъ (first-person plural present)
lězete (plural present second-person)
lězǫtь (plural present third-person)
lězěaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
lězěaše (imperfect second-person singular)
lězěaše (imperfect singular third-person)
lězi (imperative second-person singular)
lězi (imperative singular third-person)
lězěaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
lězěašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
lězěašete (dual imperfect third-person)
lězěvě (dual first-person imperative)
lězěta (dual imperative second-person)
lězěaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
lězěašete (imperfect plural second-person)
lězěaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
lězěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
lězěte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: лѣзти (lězti)

Belarusian: ле́зці (ljézci)

Russian: лезть (leztʹ)

Ukrainian: лі́зти (lízty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: възлѣсти (vŭzlěsti)m излѣсти (izlěsti)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: лѣ́зѫ (lě́zǫ) (Gerov's dictionary); ля́за (ljáza)

Serbo-Croatian:

Chakavian (Vrgada): lȉsti

Slovene: lẹ́sti (tonal orthography)

Rovte dialect (Črni vrh, Idrija): lȩ̏st

West Slavic:

Old Czech: lézt

Czech: lézt

Bohemian (Chod dialect): lízt

Polabian: lezĕ (3sg.)

Old Polish: leźć

Polish: leźć

Silesian: lyź

Slovak: liezť

Slovincian: lêsc

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: lězć

Lower Sorbian: lězć

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lḗˀźtei, from Proto-Indo-European *leh₁ǵʰ- (“to crawl on the ground; low”).
Related to Latvian lẽzêt (“to slide”), Old Prussian līse (“(he) crawls”), Old Norse lágr (“low”), English low, Ancient Greek λαχύς (lakhús, “low”).


sěsti

sědenьje (noun-from-verb)
sěsti (infinitive)
sěstъ (supine)
sědlъ (l-participle)
sědъ (active participle past)
sědъ (aorist first-person singular)
sědoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
sěde (aorist second-person singular)
sěde (aorist singular third-person)
sędǫ (first-person present singular)
sędeši (present second-person singular)
sędetь (present singular third-person)
sědově (aorist dual first-person)
sědoxově (aorist dual first-person)
sědeta (aorist dual second-person)
sědosta (aorist dual second-person)
sědete (aorist dual third-person)
sědoste (aorist dual third-person)
sędevě (dual first-person present)
sędeta (dual present second-person)
sędete (dual present third-person)
sědomъ (aorist first-person plural)
sědoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
sědete (aorist plural second-person)
sědoste (aorist plural second-person)
sědǫ (aorist plural third-person)
sědošę (aorist plural third-person)
sędemъ (first-person plural present)
sędete (plural present second-person)
sędǫtь (plural present third-person)
sędi (imperative second-person singular)
sędi (imperative singular third-person)
sęděvě (dual first-person imperative)
sęděta (dual imperative second-person)
sęděmъ (first-person imperative plural)
sęděte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: сѣсти (sěsti)

Belarusian: се́сці (sjésci)

Russian: сесть (sestʹ)

Ukrainian: сі́сти (sísty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: сѣсти (sěsti)

Glagolitic: ⱄⱑⱄⱅⰻ (sěsti)

Bulgarian: ся́дам (sjádam)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: се̏сти

Latin: sȅsti

Slovene: sẹ́sti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: siesti

Old Polish: sieść

Polish: siąść

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sḗˀstei, from an earlier *sēˀdtei, from pre-Indo-European *sedti, from Proto-Indo-European *sed- from by (Winter's law).
Baltic cognates include Latvian sēsties,
Lithuanian sė́sti, 3sg. sė́da, Old Prussian sindants (“sitting”). (apparently reformed as a nasal-infix present)
Indo-European cognates include Proto-Italic *sedēō, Proto-Germanic *sitjaną, Proto-Indo-Iranian *síždati, Ancient Greek ἕζομαι (hézomai, “to sit down”),


bičь

bičь (nominative singular)
biča (dual nominative)
biči (nominative plural)
biča (genitive singular)
biču (dual genitive)
bičь (genitive plural)
biču (dative singular)
bičema (dative dual)
bičemъ (dative plural)
bičь (accusative singular)
biča (accusative dual)
bičę̇ (accusative plural)
bičьmь (instrumental singular)
bičemь (instrumental singular)
bičema (dual instrumental)
biči (instrumental plural)
biči (locative singular)
biču (dual locative)
bičixъ (locative plural)
biču (singular vocative)
biča (dual vocative)
biči (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: бичь (bičĭ)

Belarusian: біч (bič)

Russian: бич (bič)

Carpathian Rusyn: бич (byč)

Ukrainian: бич (byč)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: бичь (bičĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰱⰻⱍⱐ (bičĭ)

Bulgarian: бич (bič)

Macedonian: бич (bič)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: би̏ч

Latin script: bȉč

Slovene: bìč

West Slavic:

Old Czech: bič

Czech: bič

Bohemian (Chod dialect): bjič

Kashubian: bicz

Old Polish: bicz

Polish: bicz

Kashubian: bicz

Slovak: bič

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: bič

Lower Sorbian: bic

Non-Slavic:

→ German: Peitsche

→ Danish: pisk

Norwegian Bokmål: pisk

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: pisk

→ Polish: pejcz

→ Swedish: piska

→ Romanian: bici


pęta

pętà (canonical feminine)
pętà (nominative singular)
pę̑tě (dual nominative)
pę̑ty (nominative plural)
pętý (genitive singular)
pętù (dual genitive)
pę̃tъ (genitive plural)
pętě̀ (dative singular)
pętàma (dative dual)
pętàmъ (dative plural)
pę̑tǫ (accusative singular)
pę̑tě (accusative dual)
pę̑ty (accusative plural)
pętojǫ́ (instrumental singular)
pętàma (dual instrumental)
pętàmi (instrumental plural)
pę̑tě (locative singular)
pętù (dual locative)
pętàsъ (locative plural)
pętàxъ (locative plural)
pęto (singular vocative)
pę̑tě (dual vocative)
pę̑ty (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old Ruthenian: пѧта (pjata), пета (peta), пѩта (pjata)

Ukrainian: п'ята́ (pʺjatá)

⇒ Belarusian: пя́тка (pjátka)

Russian: пята́ (pjatá)

→ Yiddish: פּיאַטע (pyate)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: пѧта (pęta)

Bulgarian: пета́ (petá), пе́нта (pénta) (dialectal)

Macedonian: пета (peta)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пе́та

Latin script: péta

Slovene: péta

West Slavic:

Old Czech:

Czech: pata

Knaanic: פטא

Kashubian: piãta

Polabian: ṕǫtă

Polish: pięta

Silesian: piynta

Slovak: päta

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: pěta

Upper Sorbian: pjata

Most likely cognate with Lithuanian péntis, ùžpentis (“heel, spur”), Old Prussian pentis (“spur”), Latvian piête (all i-stems), therefore, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *penˀtā́ˀ. Further origin probably from *pęti (“to stretch”) + *-ta, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)penh₁- (“to span, to spin”). Favoured by Derksen.
Alternatively, related to Proto-Slavic *vъzpętь (“backwards”), *opętь (“again”) and further Pashto پونده (punda) from *penth₂- (“to propagate”). Favoured by Snoj.


tretь

tretь (masculine nominative singular)
treta (feminine nominative singular)
trete (neuter nominative singular)
treta (genitive masculine singular)
tretę̇ (feminine genitive singular)
treta (genitive neuter singular)
tretu (dative masculine singular)
treti (dative feminine singular)
tretu (dative neuter singular)
tretь (accusative masculine singular)
tretǫ (accusative feminine singular)
trete (accusative neuter singular)
tretemь (instrumental masculine singular)
tretejǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
tretemь (instrumental neuter singular)
treti (locative masculine singular)
treti (feminine locative singular)
treti (locative neuter singular)
tretu (masculine singular vocative)
trete (feminine singular vocative)
trete (neuter singular vocative)
treta (dual masculine nominative)
treti (dual feminine nominative)
treti (dual neuter nominative)
tretu (dual genitive masculine)
tretu (dual feminine genitive)
tretu (dual genitive neuter)
tretema (dative dual masculine)
tretama (dative dual feminine)
tretema (dative dual neuter)
treta (accusative dual masculine)
treti (accusative dual feminine)
treti (accusative dual neuter)
tretema (dual instrumental masculine)
tretama (dual feminine instrumental)
tretema (dual instrumental neuter)
tretu (dual locative masculine)
tretu (dual feminine locative)
tretu (dual locative neuter)
treta (dual masculine vocative)
treti (dual feminine vocative)
treti (dual neuter vocative)
treti (masculine nominative plural)
tretę̇ (feminine nominative plural)
treta (neuter nominative plural)
tretь (genitive masculine plural)
tretь (feminine genitive plural)
tretь (genitive neuter plural)
tretemъ (dative masculine plural)
tretamъ (dative feminine plural)
tretemъ (dative neuter plural)
tretę̇ (accusative masculine plural)
tretę̇ (accusative feminine plural)
treta (accusative neuter plural)
treti (instrumental masculine plural)
tretami (feminine instrumental plural)
treti (instrumental neuter plural)
tretixъ (locative masculine plural)
tretaxъ (feminine locative plural)
tretixъ (locative neuter plural)
treti (masculine plural vocative)
tretę̇ (feminine plural vocative)
treta (neuter plural vocative)
tretьjь (masculine nominative singular)
tretaja (feminine nominative singular)
treteje (neuter nominative singular)
tretajego (genitive masculine singular)
tretę̇ję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
tretajego (genitive neuter singular)
tretujemu (dative masculine singular)
tretiji (dative feminine singular)
tretujemu (dative neuter singular)
tretьjь (accusative masculine singular)
tretǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
treteje (accusative neuter singular)
tretijimь (instrumental masculine singular)
tretǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
tretijimь (instrumental neuter singular)
tretijemь (locative masculine singular)
tretiji (feminine locative singular)
tretijemь (locative neuter singular)
tretьjь (masculine singular vocative)
tretaja (feminine singular vocative)
treteje (neuter singular vocative)
tretaja (dual masculine nominative)
tretiji (dual feminine nominative)
tretiji (dual neuter nominative)
tretuju (dual genitive masculine)
tretuju (dual feminine genitive)
tretuju (dual genitive neuter)
tretijima (dative dual masculine)
tretijima (dative dual feminine)
tretijima (dative dual neuter)
tretaja (accusative dual masculine)
tretiji (accusative dual feminine)
tretiji (accusative dual neuter)
tretijima (dual instrumental masculine)
tretijima (dual feminine instrumental)
tretijima (dual instrumental neuter)
tretuju (dual locative masculine)
tretuju (dual feminine locative)
tretuju (dual locative neuter)
tretaja (dual masculine vocative)
tretiji (dual feminine vocative)
tretiji (dual neuter vocative)
tretiji (masculine nominative plural)
tretę̇ję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
tretaja (neuter nominative plural)
tretьjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
tretьjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
tretьjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
tretijimъ (dative masculine plural)
tretijimъ (dative feminine plural)
tretijimъ (dative neuter plural)
tretę̇ję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
tretę̇ję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
tretaja (accusative neuter plural)
tretijimi (instrumental masculine plural)
tretijimi (feminine instrumental plural)
tretijimi (instrumental neuter plural)
tretijixъ (locative masculine plural)
tretijixъ (feminine locative plural)
tretijixъ (locative neuter plural)
tretiji (masculine plural vocative)
tretę̇ję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
tretaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: треть (tretĭ)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: третїй (tretij), тредтїй (tredtij), треттїй (trettij), третей (tretej), трецїй (trecij), трети (treti)
Belarusian: трэ́ці (tréci); треццій (trjeccij), тре́цьцій (trjécʹcij) (dialectal)
Carpathian Rusyn: третїй (tretjij); третый (tretŷj) (regional)
Ukrainian: тре́тій (trétij); тре́йтій (tréjtij), тре́тий (trétyj) (dialectal)

Russian: тре́тий (trétij)

Old Novgorodian: третьи (tretĭi)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⱅⱃⰵⱅⱐ (tretĭ)

Old Cyrillic script: треть (tretĭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тре̏ћӣ

Latin script: trȅćī

Slovene: trẹ́tji (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: trzecy

Old Czech: třetí
Czech: třetí

Old Polish: trzeci
Polish: trzeci
Silesian: trzeci

Polabian: tritĕ

Old Slovak: trecí, tretí

Pannonian Rusyn: треци (treci)

Slovak: tretí

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: třeći

Lower Sorbian: tśeśi

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tretias, remodeled from *tirtias (preserved in Old Prussian) by analogy with the cardinal number, from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥tyos, ordinal form of *tréyes.
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian trẽčias, Latvian trešais, Latgalian trešs, Old Prussian tīrts.
Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit तृतीय (tṛtī́ya), Latin tertius, Ancient Greek τρίτος (trítos), Proto-Germanic *þridjô.


vъtorъ

vъtorъ (masculine nominative singular)
vъtora (feminine nominative singular)
vъtoro (neuter nominative singular)
vъtora (genitive masculine singular)
vъtory (feminine genitive singular)
vъtora (genitive neuter singular)
vъtoru (dative masculine singular)
vъtorě (dative feminine singular)
vъtoru (dative neuter singular)
vъtorъ (accusative masculine singular)
vъtorǫ (accusative feminine singular)
vъtoro (accusative neuter singular)
vъtoromь (instrumental masculine singular)
vъtorojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
vъtoromь (instrumental neuter singular)
vъtorě (locative masculine singular)
vъtorě (feminine locative singular)
vъtorě (locative neuter singular)
vъtore (masculine singular vocative)
vъtoro (feminine singular vocative)
vъtoro (neuter singular vocative)
vъtora (dual masculine nominative)
vъtorě (dual feminine nominative)
vъtorě (dual neuter nominative)
vъtoru (dual genitive masculine)
vъtoru (dual feminine genitive)
vъtoru (dual genitive neuter)
vъtoroma (dative dual masculine)
vъtorama (dative dual feminine)
vъtoroma (dative dual neuter)
vъtora (accusative dual masculine)
vъtorě (accusative dual feminine)
vъtorě (accusative dual neuter)
vъtoroma (dual instrumental masculine)
vъtorama (dual feminine instrumental)
vъtoroma (dual instrumental neuter)
vъtoru (dual locative masculine)
vъtoru (dual feminine locative)
vъtoru (dual locative neuter)
vъtora (dual masculine vocative)
vъtorě (dual feminine vocative)
vъtorě (dual neuter vocative)
vъtori (masculine nominative plural)
vъtory (feminine nominative plural)
vъtora (neuter nominative plural)
vъtorъ (genitive masculine plural)
vъtorъ (feminine genitive plural)
vъtorъ (genitive neuter plural)
vъtoromъ (dative masculine plural)
vъtoramъ (dative feminine plural)
vъtoromъ (dative neuter plural)
vъtory (accusative masculine plural)
vъtory (accusative feminine plural)
vъtora (accusative neuter plural)
vъtory (instrumental masculine plural)
vъtorami (feminine instrumental plural)
vъtory (instrumental neuter plural)
vъtorěxъ (locative masculine plural)
vъtoraxъ (feminine locative plural)
vъtorěxъ (locative neuter plural)
vъtori (masculine plural vocative)
vъtory (feminine plural vocative)
vъtora (neuter plural vocative)
vъtorъjь (masculine nominative singular)
vъtoraja (feminine nominative singular)
vъtoroje (neuter nominative singular)
vъtorajego (genitive masculine singular)
vъtoryję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
vъtorajego (genitive neuter singular)
vъtorujemu (dative masculine singular)
vъtorěji (dative feminine singular)
vъtorujemu (dative neuter singular)
vъtorъjь (accusative masculine singular)
vъtorǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
vъtoroje (accusative neuter singular)
vъtoryjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
vъtorǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
vъtoryjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
vъtorějemь (locative masculine singular)
vъtorěji (feminine locative singular)
vъtorějemь (locative neuter singular)
vъtorъjь (masculine singular vocative)
vъtoraja (feminine singular vocative)
vъtoroje (neuter singular vocative)
vъtoraja (dual masculine nominative)
vъtorěji (dual feminine nominative)
vъtorěji (dual neuter nominative)
vъtoruju (dual genitive masculine)
vъtoruju (dual feminine genitive)
vъtoruju (dual genitive neuter)
vъtoryjima (dative dual masculine)
vъtoryjima (dative dual feminine)
vъtoryjima (dative dual neuter)
vъtoraja (accusative dual masculine)
vъtorěji (accusative dual feminine)
vъtorěji (accusative dual neuter)
vъtoryjima (dual instrumental masculine)
vъtoryjima (dual feminine instrumental)
vъtoryjima (dual instrumental neuter)
vъtoruju (dual locative masculine)
vъtoruju (dual feminine locative)
vъtoruju (dual locative neuter)
vъtoraja (dual masculine vocative)
vъtorěji (dual feminine vocative)
vъtorěji (dual neuter vocative)
vъtoriji (masculine nominative plural)
vъtoryję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
vъtoraja (neuter nominative plural)
vъtorъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
vъtorъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
vъtorъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
vъtoryjimъ (dative masculine plural)
vъtoryjimъ (dative feminine plural)
vъtoryjimъ (dative neuter plural)
vъtoryję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
vъtoryję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
vъtoraja (accusative neuter plural)
vъtoryjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
vъtoryjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
vъtoryjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
vъtoryjixъ (locative masculine plural)
vъtoryjixъ (feminine locative plural)
vъtoryjixъ (locative neuter plural)
vъtoriji (masculine plural vocative)
vъtoryję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
vъtoraja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: въторъ (vŭtorŭ)

⇒ Belarusian: паўтара́ць (paŭtarácʹ)

Russian: второ́й (vtorój)

Ukrainian: вто́рий (vtóryj)

Old Novgorodian: *въторе (*vŭtore)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: въторъ (vŭtorŭ)

Glagolitic: ⰲⱏⱅⱁⱃⱏ (vŭtorŭ)

Bulgarian: вто́ри (vtóri)

Macedonian: втор (vtor)

Slovene: vtóri (tonal orthography)

Serbo-Croatian: utorak

West Slavic:

Czech: úterý (“Tuesday”), vterý (archaic)

Polabian: törĕ

Old Polish: wtóry

Polish: wtóry (archaic)

Slovak: utorok (“Tuesday”)

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: wutory

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *witaras, from Proto-Indo-European *(h₁)witoros. Cognate with Sanskrit वितरम् (vitarám, “again, further”), Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬙𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬨 (vītar^əm, “further”).
Alternatively (though not preferred by Derksen), from an older *vъntorъ (where the first part comes from Proto-Slavic *vъn), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ántaras, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énteros. In this case, cognate with Latvian otrs, Lithuanian añtras, añtaras (dialectal), Old Prussian antars.


osmъ

òsmъ (canonical)
osmъ (masculine nominative singular)
osma (feminine nominative singular)
osmo (neuter nominative singular)
osma (genitive masculine singular)
osmy (feminine genitive singular)
osma (genitive neuter singular)
osmu (dative masculine singular)
osmě (dative feminine singular)
osmu (dative neuter singular)
osmъ (accusative masculine singular)
osmǫ (accusative feminine singular)
osmo (accusative neuter singular)
osmomь (instrumental masculine singular)
osmojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
osmomь (instrumental neuter singular)
osmě (locative masculine singular)
osmě (feminine locative singular)
osmě (locative neuter singular)
osme (masculine singular vocative)
osmo (feminine singular vocative)
osmo (neuter singular vocative)
osma (dual masculine nominative)
osmě (dual feminine nominative)
osmě (dual neuter nominative)
osmu (dual genitive masculine)
osmu (dual feminine genitive)
osmu (dual genitive neuter)
osmoma (dative dual masculine)
osmama (dative dual feminine)
osmoma (dative dual neuter)
osma (accusative dual masculine)
osmě (accusative dual feminine)
osmě (accusative dual neuter)
osmoma (dual instrumental masculine)
osmama (dual feminine instrumental)
osmoma (dual instrumental neuter)
osmu (dual locative masculine)
osmu (dual feminine locative)
osmu (dual locative neuter)
osma (dual masculine vocative)
osmě (dual feminine vocative)
osmě (dual neuter vocative)
osmi (masculine nominative plural)
osmy (feminine nominative plural)
osma (neuter nominative plural)
osmъ (genitive masculine plural)
osmъ (feminine genitive plural)
osmъ (genitive neuter plural)
osmomъ (dative masculine plural)
osmamъ (dative feminine plural)
osmomъ (dative neuter plural)
osmy (accusative masculine plural)
osmy (accusative feminine plural)
osma (accusative neuter plural)
osmy (instrumental masculine plural)
osmami (feminine instrumental plural)
osmy (instrumental neuter plural)
osměxъ (locative masculine plural)
osmaxъ (feminine locative plural)
osměxъ (locative neuter plural)
osmi (masculine plural vocative)
osmy (feminine plural vocative)
osma (neuter plural vocative)
osmъjь (masculine nominative singular)
osmaja (feminine nominative singular)
osmoje (neuter nominative singular)
osmajego (genitive masculine singular)
osmyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
osmajego (genitive neuter singular)
osmujemu (dative masculine singular)
osměji (dative feminine singular)
osmujemu (dative neuter singular)
osmъjь (accusative masculine singular)
osmǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
osmoje (accusative neuter singular)
osmyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
osmǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
osmyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
osmějemь (locative masculine singular)
osměji (feminine locative singular)
osmějemь (locative neuter singular)
osmъjь (masculine singular vocative)
osmaja (feminine singular vocative)
osmoje (neuter singular vocative)
osmaja (dual masculine nominative)
osměji (dual feminine nominative)
osměji (dual neuter nominative)
osmuju (dual genitive masculine)
osmuju (dual feminine genitive)
osmuju (dual genitive neuter)
osmyjima (dative dual masculine)
osmyjima (dative dual feminine)
osmyjima (dative dual neuter)
osmaja (accusative dual masculine)
osměji (accusative dual feminine)
osměji (accusative dual neuter)
osmyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
osmyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
osmyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
osmuju (dual locative masculine)
osmuju (dual feminine locative)
osmuju (dual locative neuter)
osmaja (dual masculine vocative)
osměji (dual feminine vocative)
osměji (dual neuter vocative)
osmiji (masculine nominative plural)
osmyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
osmaja (neuter nominative plural)
osmъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
osmъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
osmъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
osmyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
osmyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
osmyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
osmyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
osmyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
osmaja (accusative neuter plural)
osmyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
osmyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
osmyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
osmyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
osmyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
osmyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
osmiji (masculine plural vocative)
osmyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
osmaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: осмъ (osmŭ), восмъ (vosmŭ)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: осмый (osmyj), осьмый (osʹmyj), восмый (vosmyj)
Belarusian: во́сьмы (vósʹmy)
Carpathian Rusyn: во́сьмый (vósʹmŷj)
Ukrainian: во́сьмий (vósʹmyj); во́сьмой (vósʹmoj) (dialectal)

Russian: восьмо́й (vosʹmój)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⱁⱄⰿⱏ (osmŭ)

Old Cyrillic script: осмъ (osmŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: о̑смӣ

Latin script: ȏsmī

Slovene: ọ́smi (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: osmý, osemý

Czech: osmý, ůsmý (dialectal)

Old Polish: ósmy
Polish: ósmy
Silesian: ôsmy

Polabian: våsmĕ

Old Slovak: osmy, ôsmy

Pannonian Rusyn: осми (osmi)

Slovak: ôsmy

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: òsmë

Slovincian: wósmy

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: wosmy

Lower Sorbian: wósymy

From earlier Proto-Balto-Slavic *aśtmas, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱt-ṓwos (rendered as *h₃eḱth̥₃-wos in Derksen 2008) + a suffix *-mos extracted from *septmós (“seventh”). Compare Sanskrit अष्टम (aṣṭama, “eighth”), Avestan 𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬀 (astəma, “eighth”), where the same process operated. Cognate with obsolete Lithuanian ãšmas (“eighth”), Old Prussian asmus (“eighth”) and partly with Latin octāvus (“eighth”) and Ancient Greek ὄγδοος (ógdoos, “eighth”).


devętъ

devę̃tъ (canonical)
devętъ (masculine nominative singular)
devęta (feminine nominative singular)
devęto (neuter nominative singular)
devęta (genitive masculine singular)
devęty (feminine genitive singular)
devęta (genitive neuter singular)
devętu (dative masculine singular)
devętě (dative feminine singular)
devętu (dative neuter singular)
devętъ (accusative masculine singular)
devętǫ (accusative feminine singular)
devęto (accusative neuter singular)
devętomь (instrumental masculine singular)
devętojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
devętomь (instrumental neuter singular)
devętě (locative masculine singular)
devętě (feminine locative singular)
devętě (locative neuter singular)
devęte (masculine singular vocative)
devęto (feminine singular vocative)
devęto (neuter singular vocative)
devęta (dual masculine nominative)
devętě (dual feminine nominative)
devętě (dual neuter nominative)
devętu (dual genitive masculine)
devętu (dual feminine genitive)
devętu (dual genitive neuter)
devętoma (dative dual masculine)
devętama (dative dual feminine)
devętoma (dative dual neuter)
devęta (accusative dual masculine)
devętě (accusative dual feminine)
devętě (accusative dual neuter)
devętoma (dual instrumental masculine)
devętama (dual feminine instrumental)
devętoma (dual instrumental neuter)
devętu (dual locative masculine)
devętu (dual feminine locative)
devętu (dual locative neuter)
devęta (dual masculine vocative)
devętě (dual feminine vocative)
devętě (dual neuter vocative)
devęti (masculine nominative plural)
devęty (feminine nominative plural)
devęta (neuter nominative plural)
devętъ (genitive masculine plural)
devętъ (feminine genitive plural)
devętъ (genitive neuter plural)
devętomъ (dative masculine plural)
devętamъ (dative feminine plural)
devętomъ (dative neuter plural)
devęty (accusative masculine plural)
devęty (accusative feminine plural)
devęta (accusative neuter plural)
devęty (instrumental masculine plural)
devętami (feminine instrumental plural)
devęty (instrumental neuter plural)
devętěxъ (locative masculine plural)
devętaxъ (feminine locative plural)
devętěxъ (locative neuter plural)
devęti (masculine plural vocative)
devęty (feminine plural vocative)
devęta (neuter plural vocative)
devętъjь (masculine nominative singular)
devętaja (feminine nominative singular)
devętoje (neuter nominative singular)
devętajego (genitive masculine singular)
devętyję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
devętajego (genitive neuter singular)
devętujemu (dative masculine singular)
devętěji (dative feminine singular)
devętujemu (dative neuter singular)
devętъjь (accusative masculine singular)
devętǫjǫ (accusative feminine singular)
devętoje (accusative neuter singular)
devętyjimь (instrumental masculine singular)
devętǫjǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
devętyjimь (instrumental neuter singular)
devętějemь (locative masculine singular)
devętěji (feminine locative singular)
devętějemь (locative neuter singular)
devętъjь (masculine singular vocative)
devętaja (feminine singular vocative)
devętoje (neuter singular vocative)
devętaja (dual masculine nominative)
devętěji (dual feminine nominative)
devętěji (dual neuter nominative)
devętuju (dual genitive masculine)
devętuju (dual feminine genitive)
devętuju (dual genitive neuter)
devętyjima (dative dual masculine)
devętyjima (dative dual feminine)
devętyjima (dative dual neuter)
devętaja (accusative dual masculine)
devętěji (accusative dual feminine)
devętěji (accusative dual neuter)
devętyjima (dual instrumental masculine)
devętyjima (dual feminine instrumental)
devętyjima (dual instrumental neuter)
devętuju (dual locative masculine)
devętuju (dual feminine locative)
devętuju (dual locative neuter)
devętaja (dual masculine vocative)
devętěji (dual feminine vocative)
devętěji (dual neuter vocative)
devętiji (masculine nominative plural)
devętyję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
devętaja (neuter nominative plural)
devętъjixъ (genitive masculine plural)
devętъjixъ (feminine genitive plural)
devętъjixъ (genitive neuter plural)
devętyjimъ (dative masculine plural)
devętyjimъ (dative feminine plural)
devętyjimъ (dative neuter plural)
devętyję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
devętyję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
devętaja (accusative neuter plural)
devętyjimi (instrumental masculine plural)
devętyjimi (feminine instrumental plural)
devętyjimi (instrumental neuter plural)
devętyjixъ (locative masculine plural)
devętyjixъ (feminine locative plural)
devętyjixъ (locative neuter plural)
devętiji (masculine plural vocative)
devętyję̇ (feminine plural vocative)
devętaja (neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: девѧтꙑи (devętyi)

Belarusian: дзевя́ты (dzjevjáty)

Carpathian Rusyn: девя́тый (devjátŷj)

Russian: девя́тый (devjátyj)

Ukrainian: дев'я́тий (devʺjátyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: девѧтъ (devętŭ)

Glagolitic: ⰴⰵⰲⱔⱅⱏ (devętŭ)

Bulgarian: деве́ти (devéti)

Macedonian: деветти (devetti)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: дѐве̄тӣ

Latin script: dèvētī

Slovene: devẹ́ti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: devátý

Czech: devátý

Old Polish: dziewiąty
Polish: dziewiąty
Silesian: dziewiōnty

Old Slovak: deviaty

Pannonian Rusyn: дзевяти (dzevjati)

Slovak: deviaty

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: dzewiąti

Slovincian: dzêvjõty

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: dźewjaty

Lower Sorbian: źewjety

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dewintas, reformed from earlier Proto-Balto-Slavic *newintas (still preserved in Old Prussian, unless initial *n- is secondary and stems from Germanic influence) with *d- by analogy with Proto-Balto-Slavic *deśimtas (“tenth”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁newn-o- with introduced suffix *-tós. (Per Trubačev, from Proto-Indo-European *newentos, *newn̥tos.) Baltic cognates include Lithuanian deviñtas, Latvian devîts, devîtais, Old Prussian newīnts. Also cognate with Latin nōnus (“ninth”) as well as Ancient Greek ἔνατος (énatos, “ninth”), Gothic 𐌽𐌹𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌰 (niunda, “ninth”), both with the same suffix *-tós.


esetrъ

esètrъ (canonical masculine)
esetrъ (nominative singular)
esetra (dual nominative)
esetri (nominative plural)
esetra (genitive singular)
esetru (dual genitive)
esetrъ (genitive plural)
esetru (dative singular)
esetroma (dative dual)
esetromъ (dative plural)
esetrъ (accusative singular)
esetra (accusative dual)
esetry (accusative plural)
esetrъmь (instrumental singular)
esetromь (instrumental singular)
esetroma (dual instrumental)
esetry (instrumental plural)
esetrě (locative singular)
esetru (dual locative)
esetrěxъ (locative plural)
esetre (singular vocative)
esetra (dual vocative)
esetri (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: асётр (asjótr)

Russian: осётр (osjótr)

Ukrainian: осете́р (osetér)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: есетра (esetra)

Macedonian: есетра (esetra)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: јѐсетра

Latin script: jèsetra

Slovene: jesệter

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jesetr

Czech: jeseter

Polish: jesiotr

Slovak: jeseter

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: jesotr

Upper Sorbian: jasotr

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *eśetras. Cognate with Lithuanian ašėtras (“sturgeon”), ešketras (“whale”), Old Prussian esketres (“sturgeon”). Also related (with different vocalism) to Lithuanian ešerỹs, ašerỹs (“perch”), and (under the influence of erškė̃tis (“bramble”)) erškėtras, erškẽtas, arškẽtas (“sturgeon”).


běťi

běženьje (noun-from-verb)
běťi (infinitive)
běťь (supine)
běglъ (l-participle)
běženъ (participle passive past)
běgomъ (participle passive present)
běgъ (active participle past)
běgy (active participle present)
běgъ (aorist first-person singular)
běgoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
běže (aorist second-person singular)
běže (aorist singular third-person)
běgǫ (first-person present singular)
běžeši (present second-person singular)
běžetь (present singular third-person)
běgově (aorist dual first-person)
běgoxově (aorist dual first-person)
běgeta (aorist dual second-person)
běgosta (aorist dual second-person)
běgete (aorist dual third-person)
běgoste (aorist dual third-person)
běževě (dual first-person present)
běžeta (dual present second-person)
běžete (dual present third-person)
běgomъ (aorist first-person plural)
běgoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
běgete (aorist plural second-person)
běgoste (aorist plural second-person)
běgǫ (aorist plural third-person)
běgošę (aorist plural third-person)
běžemъ (first-person plural present)
běžete (plural present second-person)
běgǫtь (plural present third-person)
běžaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
běžaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
běžaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
bědzi (imperative second-person singular)
bědzi (imperative singular third-person)
běžaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
běžaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
běžaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
bědzěvě (dual first-person imperative)
bědzěta (dual imperative second-person)
běžaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
běžaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
běžaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
bědzěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
bědzěte (imperative plural second-person)
*běgti (alternative)
*běgťi (alternative)

East Slavic

Belarusian: бегчы (bjehčy)

Russian: бечь (bečʹ)

Ukrainian: бігти (bihty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: бѣщи (běšti)

Glagolitic: ⰱⱑⱋⰹ (běšti)

⇒ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: по̀бећи

Latin script: pòbeći

West Slavic

Kashubian: biec

Old Polish: biec
Polish: biec


velťi

velčenьje (noun-from-verb)
velťi (infinitive)
velťь (supine)
velklъ (l-participle)
velčenъ (participle passive past)
velkomъ (participle passive present)
velkъ (active participle past)
velky (active participle present)
velkъ (aorist first-person singular)
velkoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
velče (aorist second-person singular)
velče (aorist singular third-person)
velkǫ (first-person present singular)
velčeši (present second-person singular)
velčetь (present singular third-person)
velkově (aorist dual first-person)
velkoxově (aorist dual first-person)
velketa (aorist dual second-person)
velkosta (aorist dual second-person)
velkete (aorist dual third-person)
velkoste (aorist dual third-person)
velčevě (dual first-person present)
velčeta (dual present second-person)
velčete (dual present third-person)
velkomъ (aorist first-person plural)
velkoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
velkete (aorist plural second-person)
velkoste (aorist plural second-person)
velkǫ (aorist plural third-person)
velkošę (aorist plural third-person)
velčemъ (first-person plural present)
velčete (plural present second-person)
velkǫtь (plural present third-person)
velčaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
velčaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
velčaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
velci (imperative second-person singular)
velci (imperative singular third-person)
velčaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
velčaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
velčaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
velcěvě (dual first-person imperative)
velcěta (dual imperative second-person)
velčaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
velčaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
velčaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
velcěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
velcěte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: волочи (voloči)

Old Ruthenian: волочи (voloči)

Belarusian: валачы́ (valačý) (obsolete)

Ukrainian: волокти́ (voloktý)

Russian: воло́чь (volóčʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: влѣщи (vlěšti)

Glagolitic script: ⰲⰾⱑⱋⰹ (vlěšti)

Bulgarian: влека́ (vleká)

Macedonian: влече (vleče)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ву́ћи

Latin script: vúći

Slovene: vlẹ́či (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vléci

Czech: vléci, vléct

Old Polish: wlec

Polish: wlec

Slovak: vliecť

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: wlec

Lower Sorbian: wlac, lac

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *welk- / *wilk-. Cognate with Lithuanian vil̃kti, 3sg. vel̃ka, 3sg. past vil̃ko and Latvian vìlkt, 1sg. vȩ̀lku. Indo-European background unclear:
* Rix (LIV): From Proto-Indo-European *h₂welk-, cognate with Ancient Greek αὖλαξ (aûlax, “furrow”), Homeric ὦλκα (ôlka, “furrow”, acc. sg.).
* Derksen: LIV-proposed relationship is doubtful.
* Vasmer: From Proto-Indo-European *welk-, cognate with Ancient Greek ἕλκω (hélkō, “to drag”), Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬐- (var^ək-, “to drag”), 𐬟𐬭𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬗𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (frāuuarcaⁱti, “to carry off”), Latin sulcus (“furrow”), Albanian helq, heq (“to pull, to tear off”) < *solkeiō.

obelťi < *ob- + *velťi*obelkъdlo () < *ob- + *velkъ + *-dlo*obolka*obolčьka

velčugo

reptile; literally a creature which creeps


sterťi

c (accent-paradigm)
sterženьje (noun-from-verb)
sterťi (infinitive)
sterťь (supine)
sterglъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
sterženъ (participle passive past)
stergomъ (participle passive present)
stergъ (active participle past)
stergy (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
stergъ (aorist first-person singular)
stergoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
sterže (aorist second-person singular)
sterže (aorist singular third-person)
stergǫ (first-person present singular)
steržeši (present second-person singular)
steržetь (present singular third-person)
stergově (aorist dual first-person)
stergoxově (aorist dual first-person)
stergeta (aorist dual second-person)
stergosta (aorist dual second-person)
stergete (aorist dual third-person)
stergoste (aorist dual third-person)
sterževě (dual first-person present)
steržeta (dual present second-person)
steržete (dual present third-person)
stergomъ (aorist first-person plural)
stergoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
stergete (aorist plural second-person)
stergoste (aorist plural second-person)
stergǫ (aorist plural third-person)
stergošę (aorist plural third-person)
steržemъ (first-person plural present)
steržete (plural present second-person)
stergǫtь (plural present third-person)
steržaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
steržaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
steržaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
sterdzi (imperative second-person singular)
sterdzi (imperative singular third-person)
steržaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
steržaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
steržaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
sterdzěvě (dual first-person imperative)
sterdzěta (dual imperative second-person)
steržaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
steržaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
steržaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
sterdzěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
sterdzěte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: стеречи (stereči)

Belarusian: сцерагчы́ (scjerahčý)

Russian: стере́чь (steréčʹ)

Ukrainian: стеречи́ (sterečý)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: стрѣщи (strěšti)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Slovene: strẹ́či (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: střieci

Czech: stříci (archaic)

Polish: strzec

* Derksen: From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sterˀg-, from Proto-Indo-European *sterg-. Cognate with Ancient Greek στέργω (stérgō, “to love”) and with Lithuanian sérgėti (“to guard”), 3sg. sérgi, 3sg. past sérgėjo (Old Lithuanian sérgmi, athematic), Lithuanian sárgas (“guard”), Latvian sar̂gs (“guard”), with unexplained loss of -t-.
* Vasmer: Contamination of two separate roots, represented respectively by Ancient Greek στέργω (stérgō, “to love”) and Lithuanian sérgėti (“to guard”). The latter is cognate with Latin servō (“to save”), Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (haraⁱti), 𐬵𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬙𐬌 (haᵘruuati, “to protect”).


striťi

c (accent-paradigm)
striženьje (noun-from-verb)
striťi (infinitive)
striťь (supine)
striglъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
striženъ (participle passive past)
strigomъ (participle passive present)
strigъ (active participle past)
strigy (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
strigъ (aorist first-person singular)
strigoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
striže (aorist second-person singular)
striže (aorist singular third-person)
strigǫ (first-person present singular)
strižeši (present second-person singular)
strižetь (present singular third-person)
strigově (aorist dual first-person)
strigoxově (aorist dual first-person)
strigeta (aorist dual second-person)
strigosta (aorist dual second-person)
strigete (aorist dual third-person)
strigoste (aorist dual third-person)
striževě (dual first-person present)
strižeta (dual present second-person)
strižete (dual present third-person)
strigomъ (aorist first-person plural)
strigoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
strigete (aorist plural second-person)
strigoste (aorist plural second-person)
strigǫ (aorist plural third-person)
strigošę (aorist plural third-person)
strižemъ (first-person plural present)
strižete (plural present second-person)
strigǫtь (plural present third-person)
strižaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
strižaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
strižaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
stridzi (imperative second-person singular)
stridzi (imperative singular third-person)
strižaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
strižaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
strižaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
stridzěvě (dual first-person imperative)
stridzěta (dual imperative second-person)
strižaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
strižaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
strižaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
stridzěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
stridzěte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: стричи (striči)

Belarusian: стры́гчы (strýhčy)

Russian: стричь (stričʹ)

Ukrainian: стри́гти (strýhty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: стрищи (strišti)

Glagolitic: ⱄⱅⱃⰻⱋⰻ (strišti)

Bulgarian: стри́жа (stríža)

Macedonian: стриже (striže)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: стри̏ћи

Latin script: strȉći

Slovene: stríči (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: strzic, strzëgac

desc

Old Czech: střieci, stříci, střežiti, střihati, střiehati

Czech: stříci, střežit, střihat, stříhat

Polabian: straizăt

Old Polish: strzyc

Polish: strzyc

Slovak: strihať

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: třihać

Lower Sorbian: stśigaś

From Proto-Indo-European *streyg-. Cognate with Latin stringere (“to skim, to scratch”), Old English strīcan (“to rub, to wander, to brush past”).


terti

tèrti (canonical imperfective)
b (accent-paradigm)
tьrtьje (noun-from-verb)
terti (infinitive)
tertъ (supine)
tьrlъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
tьrtъ (participle passive past)
tьromъ (participle passive present)
tьrъ (active participle past)
tьry (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
terxъ (aorist first-person singular)
ter (aorist second-person singular)
ter (aorist singular third-person)
tьrǫ (first-person present singular)
tьreši (present second-person singular)
tьretь (present singular third-person)
terxově (aorist dual first-person)
tersta (aorist dual second-person)
terste (aorist dual third-person)
tьrevě (dual first-person present)
tьreta (dual present second-person)
tьrete (dual present third-person)
terxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
terste (aorist plural second-person)
teršę (aorist plural third-person)
tьremъ (first-person plural present)
tьrete (plural present second-person)
tьrǫtь (plural present third-person)
tьrěaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
tьrěaše (imperfect second-person singular)
tьrěaše (imperfect singular third-person)
tьri (imperative second-person singular)
tьri (imperative singular third-person)
tьrěaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
tьrěašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
tьrěašete (dual imperfect third-person)
tьrěvě (dual first-person imperative)
tьrěta (dual imperative second-person)
tьrěaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
tьrěašete (imperfect plural second-person)
tьrěaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
tьrěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
tьrěte (imperative plural second-person)
*tьrti (alternative)
*tirati (alternative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic:

Belarusian: це́рці (cjérci)

Russian: тере́ть (terétʹ)

Ukrainian: те́рти (térty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: трѣти (trěti)

Bulgarian: трия (trija)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тр̏ти

Latin script: tȑti

Slovene: trẹ́ti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: třieti

Czech: třít

Kashubian: trzéc

Old Polish: trzeć

Polish: trzeć

Silesian: trzić

Slovak: trieť

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: trěć

Lower Sorbian: trěś

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *térˀtei / *tírˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub”). Cognates with Lithuanian ti̇̀rti (“to investigate”), tri̇̀nti (“to rub”) and Latvian trĩt (“to sharpen”).