gręznǫti

grę̑znǫti (canonical)
gręznǫ̀ti (canonical imperfective)
c (accent-paradigm)
gręzenьje (noun-from-verb)
gręznǫti (infinitive)
gręznǫtъ (supine)
gręzlъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
gręzъ (active participle past)
gręzny (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
gręzъ (aorist first-person singular)
gręzoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
gręze (aorist second-person singular)
gręze (aorist singular third-person)
gręznǫ (first-person present singular)
gręzneši (present second-person singular)
gręznetь (present singular third-person)
gręzově (aorist dual first-person)
gręzoxově (aorist dual first-person)
gręzeta (aorist dual second-person)
gręzosta (aorist dual second-person)
gręzete (aorist dual third-person)
gręzoste (aorist dual third-person)
gręznevě (dual first-person present)
gręzneta (dual present second-person)
gręznete (dual present third-person)
gręzomъ (aorist first-person plural)
gręzoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
gręzete (aorist plural second-person)
gręzoste (aorist plural second-person)
gręzǫ (aorist plural third-person)
gręzošę (aorist plural third-person)
gręznemъ (first-person plural present)
gręznete (plural present second-person)
gręznǫtь (plural present third-person)
gręzněaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
gręzněaše (imperfect second-person singular)
gręzněaše (imperfect singular third-person)
gręzni (imperative second-person singular)
gręzni (imperative singular third-person)
gręzněaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
gręzněašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
gręzněašete (dual imperfect third-person)
gręzněvě (dual first-person imperative)
gręzněta (dual imperative second-person)
gręzněaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
gręzněašete (imperfect plural second-person)
gręzněaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
gręzněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
gręzněte (imperative plural second-person)
b (accent-paradigm)
gręzenьje (noun-from-verb)
gręznǫti (infinitive)
gręznǫtъ (supine)
gręzlъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
gręzъ (active participle past)
gręzny (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
gręzъ (aorist first-person singular)
gręzoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
gręze (aorist second-person singular)
gręze (aorist singular third-person)
gręznǫ (first-person present singular)
gręzneši (present second-person singular)
gręznetь (present singular third-person)
gręzově (aorist dual first-person)
gręzoxově (aorist dual first-person)
gręzeta (aorist dual second-person)
gręzosta (aorist dual second-person)
gręzete (aorist dual third-person)
gręzoste (aorist dual third-person)
gręznevě (dual first-person present)
gręzneta (dual present second-person)
gręznete (dual present third-person)
gręzomъ (aorist first-person plural)
gręzoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
gręzete (aorist plural second-person)
gręzoste (aorist plural second-person)
gręzǫ (aorist plural third-person)
gręzošę (aorist plural third-person)
gręznemъ (first-person plural present)
gręznete (plural present second-person)
gręznǫtь (plural present third-person)
gręzněaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
gręzněaše (imperfect second-person singular)
gręzněaše (imperfect singular third-person)
gręzni (imperative second-person singular)
gręzni (imperative singular third-person)
gręzněaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
gręzněašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
gręzněašete (dual imperfect third-person)
gręzněvě (dual first-person imperative)
gręzněta (dual imperative second-person)
gręzněaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
gręzněašete (imperfect plural second-person)
gręzněaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
gręzněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
gręzněte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: грѧзнꙋти (10th century)

Belarusian: гра́знуць (hráznucʹ)

Russian: гря́знуть (grjáznutʹ)

Ukrainian: гря́знути (hrjáznuty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: по-грѧзнѫти

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: гре̏знути

Latin script: grȅznuti

Slovene: grẹ́zniti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: hřáznuti

Czech: hřeznout

Polish: grzęznąć

Slovak: hriaznuť

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: hrěznyć

Lower Sorbian: grěznuś (“to get stuck”)


gluxnǫti

East Slavic:

desc

Belarusian: глу́хнуць (hlúxnucʹ, “to become deaf”)

Ukrainian: глу́хнути (hlúxnuty, “to become deaf”)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: глу́хнѫ (glúhnǫ, “to become deaf”) (archaic; Gerov's dictionary)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: глу̏хнути (“to become deaf”), 1sg. глу̏хне̄м; глу̏нути (“to become deaf”)

Latin: glȕhnuti (“to become deaf”), 1sg. glȕhnēm; glȕnuti (“to become deaf”)

West Slavic:

Czech: hluchnout (“to become deaf”)

Polish: głuchnąć (“to become deaf, to become silent”)

Slovak: hluchnúť (“to become deaf”)

Slovincian: glëchnõc (“to become deaf”)

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: hłuchnyć (“to become deaf”)

Lower Sorbian: głuchnuś (“to become deaf”)

From *glȗxъ (“deaf”) + *-nǫti. Restructured based on *glȗxъ from original *glъxnǫti. See *glȗxъ for further etymology.


ględěti

ględěnьje (noun-from-verb)
ględěti (infinitive)
ględětъ (supine)
ględělъ (l-participle)
ględěnъ (participle passive past)
ględimъ (participle passive present)
ględěvъ (active participle past)
ględę (active participle present)
ględěxъ (aorist first-person singular)
ględě (aorist second-person singular)
ględě (aorist singular third-person)
glęďǫ (first-person present singular)
ględiši (present second-person singular)
ględitь (present singular third-person)
ględěxově (aorist dual first-person)
ględěsta (aorist dual second-person)
ględěste (aorist dual third-person)
ględivě (dual first-person present)
ględita (dual present second-person)
ględite (dual present third-person)
ględěxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
ględěste (aorist plural second-person)
ględěšę (aorist plural third-person)
ględimъ (first-person plural present)
ględite (plural present second-person)
ględętь (plural present third-person)
ględěaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
ględěaše (imperfect second-person singular)
ględěaše (imperfect singular third-person)
ględi (imperative second-person singular)
ględi (imperative singular third-person)
ględěaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
ględěašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
ględěašete (dual imperfect third-person)
ględivě (dual first-person imperative)
ględita (dual imperative second-person)
ględěaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
ględěašete (imperfect plural second-person)
ględěaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
ględimъ (first-person imperative plural)
ględite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: глѧдѣти

Old Ruthenian: глѧдѣти, глꙗдѣти, гледѣти, глѧдѣть, гледзѣти (hljaděti, hljaděti, hleděti, hljadětʹ, hledzěti)

Belarusian: глядзе́ць (hljadzjécʹ)

гляді́ти, гле́діти

Ukrainian: гляді́ти, гле́діти (hljadíty, hlédity)

Russian: гляде́ть (gljadétʹ)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: hleděti

Czech: hledět

Old Polish: ględzieć

Polish: ględzić (possibly)

Slovak: hľadieť


dьrznǫti

dьrznovenьje (noun-from-verb)
dьrznǫti (infinitive)
dьrznǫtъ (supine)
dьrznǫlъ (l-participle)
dьrznovenъ (participle passive past)
dьrznǫvъ (active participle past)
dьrznǫxъ (aorist first-person singular)
dьrznǫ (aorist second-person singular)
dьrznǫ (aorist singular third-person)
dьrznǫ (first-person present singular)
dьrzneši (present second-person singular)
dьrznetь (present singular third-person)
dьrznǫxově (aorist dual first-person)
dьrznǫsta (aorist dual second-person)
dьrznǫste (aorist dual third-person)
dьrznevě (dual first-person present)
dьrzneta (dual present second-person)
dьrznete (dual present third-person)
dьrznǫxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
dьrznǫste (aorist plural second-person)
dьrznǫšę (aorist plural third-person)
dьrznemъ (first-person plural present)
dьrznete (plural present second-person)
dьrznǫtь (plural present third-person)
dьrzni (imperative second-person singular)
dьrzni (imperative singular third-person)
dьrzněvě (dual first-person imperative)
dьrzněta (dual imperative second-person)
dьrzněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
dьrzněte (imperative plural second-person)
dьrzenьje (noun-from-verb)
dьrznǫti (infinitive)
dьrznǫtъ (supine)
dьrzlъ (l-participle)
dьrzenъ (participle passive past)
dьrzъ (active participle past)
dьrzъ (aorist first-person singular)
dьrzoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
dьrze (aorist second-person singular)
dьrze (aorist singular third-person)
dьrznǫ (first-person present singular)
dьrzneši (present second-person singular)
dьrznetь (present singular third-person)
dьrzově (aorist dual first-person)
dьrzoxově (aorist dual first-person)
dьrzeta (aorist dual second-person)
dьrzosta (aorist dual second-person)
dьrzete (aorist dual third-person)
dьrzoste (aorist dual third-person)
dьrznevě (dual first-person present)
dьrzneta (dual present second-person)
dьrznete (dual present third-person)
dьrzomъ (aorist first-person plural)
dьrzoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
dьrzete (aorist plural second-person)
dьrzoste (aorist plural second-person)
dьrzǫ (aorist plural third-person)
dьrzošę (aorist plural third-person)
dьrznemъ (first-person plural present)
dьrznete (plural present second-person)
dьrznǫtь (plural present third-person)
dьrzni (imperative second-person singular)
dьrzni (imperative singular third-person)
dьrzněvě (dual first-person imperative)
dьrzněta (dual imperative second-person)
dьrzněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
dьrzněte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: дьрзнꙋти (dĭrznuti), дьръзнꙋти (dĭrŭznuti), дрьзнꙋти (drĭznuti) (11th century)

Russian: дерзну́ть (derznútʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: дрьзнѫти (drĭznǫti), дръзнѫти (drŭznǫti)

Bulgarian: дръ́зна (drǎ́zna)

Macedonian: дрзне (drzne)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: др̏знути

Latin script: dȑznuti

Slovene: dŕzniti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: drznúti

Old Polish: darznąć

Slovincian: dzyrznõc

Non Slavic:

Romanian: îndrăzni

From the same root as *dьrzati + *-nǫti; see *dьrzati for further etymology. Compare also Sanskrit धृष्णोति (dhṛṣṇóti, “to dare”) (cognate per Derksen and Trubachev, not necessarily per Vasmer or Chernykh).


dьrgati

dьrnǫti (perfective)
c (accent-paradigm)
dьrganьje (noun-from-verb)
dьrgati (infinitive)
dьrgatъ (supine)
dьrgalъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
dьrganъ (participle passive past)
dьrgajemъ (participle passive present)
dьrgavъ (active participle past)
dьrgaję (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
dьrgaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
dьrga (aorist second-person singular)
dьrga (aorist singular third-person)
dьrgajǫ (first-person present singular)
dьrgaješi (present second-person singular)
dьrgajetь (present singular third-person)
dьrgaxově (aorist dual first-person)
dьrgasta (aorist dual second-person)
dьrgaste (aorist dual third-person)
dьrgajevě (dual first-person present)
dьrgajeta (dual present second-person)
dьrgajete (dual present third-person)
dьrgaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
dьrgaste (aorist plural second-person)
dьrgašę (aorist plural third-person)
dьrgajemъ (first-person plural present)
dьrgajete (plural present second-person)
dьrgajǫtь (plural present third-person)
dьrgaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
dьrgaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
dьrgaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
dьrgaji (imperative second-person singular)
dьrgaji (imperative singular third-person)
dьrgaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
dьrgaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
dьrgaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
dьrgajivě (dual first-person imperative)
dьrgajita (dual imperative second-person)
dьrgaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
dьrgaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
dьrgaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
dьrgajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
dьrgajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: дръгати (drŭgati)

Belarusian: до́ргаць (dórhacʹ)

Russian: дёргать (djórgatʹ)

Ukrainian: де́ргати (dérhaty)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: дъ́рзам (dǎ́rzam), дъ́ргам (dǎ́rgam)

Slovene: dŕgati (tonal orthography)

Serbo-Croatian: дркати,

West Slavic:

Czech: drhat

Polish: dziergać, dzierzgać

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: źergaś

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dirˀg-, from Proto-Indo-European *dr̥Hgʰ, from the root *derHgʰ- (given as *derHǵʰ- in Derksen, but this is likely a typo). Cognate with Lithuanian dìrginti (“to irritate”), dìrgti (“to become weak”) and Latvian dragât (“to pull, to tear”), derglît (“to tear, to split”). Further akin to Proto-Germanic *targijaną (“to tarry, to pull”).
In some dialects, *dьrgati has overlapped with forms of Proto-Slavic *drъgati (“to shake off, to tremble”).


bľusti

bľustì (canonical imperfective)
c (accent-paradigm)
bľudenьje (noun-from-verb)
bľusti (infinitive)
bľustъ (supine)
bľudlъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
bľudenъ (participle passive past)
bľudomъ (participle passive present)
bľudъ (active participle past)
bľudy (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
bľudъ (aorist first-person singular)
bľudoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
bľude (aorist second-person singular)
bľude (aorist singular third-person)
bľudǫ (first-person present singular)
bľudeši (present second-person singular)
bľudetь (present singular third-person)
bľudově (aorist dual first-person)
bľudoxově (aorist dual first-person)
bľudeta (aorist dual second-person)
bľudosta (aorist dual second-person)
bľudete (aorist dual third-person)
bľudoste (aorist dual third-person)
bľudevě (dual first-person present)
bľudeta (dual present second-person)
bľudete (dual present third-person)
bľudomъ (aorist first-person plural)
bľudoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
bľudete (aorist plural second-person)
bľudoste (aorist plural second-person)
bľudǫ (aorist plural third-person)
bľudošę (aorist plural third-person)
bľudemъ (first-person plural present)
bľudete (plural present second-person)
bľudǫtь (plural present third-person)
bľuděaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
bľuděaše (imperfect second-person singular)
bľuděaše (imperfect singular third-person)
bľudi (imperative second-person singular)
bľudi (imperative singular third-person)
bľuděaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
bľuděašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
bľuděašete (dual imperfect third-person)
bľuděvě (dual first-person imperative)
bľuděta (dual imperative second-person)
bľuděaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
bľuděašete (imperfect plural second-person)
bľuděaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
bľuděmъ (first-person imperative plural)
bľuděte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: блюсти (bljusti)

Old Belarusian: блюсти (bljusti)

Russian: блюсти́ (bljustí)

Old Ukrainian: блюсти (bljusti)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: блюсти (bljusti)

Glagolitic: ⰱⰾⱓⱄⱅⰻ (bljusti)

From earlier *bjusti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bjaustei, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéwdʰeti.


komiti

komľenьje (noun-from-verb)
komiti (infinitive)
komitъ (supine)
komilъ (l-participle)
komľenъ (participle passive past)
komimъ (participle passive present)
komľь (active participle past)
komę (active participle present)
komixъ (aorist first-person singular)
komi (aorist second-person singular)
komi (aorist singular third-person)
komľǫ (first-person present singular)
komiši (present second-person singular)
komitь (present singular third-person)
komixově (aorist dual first-person)
komista (aorist dual second-person)
komiste (aorist dual third-person)
komivě (dual first-person present)
komita (dual present second-person)
komite (dual present third-person)
komixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
komiste (aorist plural second-person)
komišę (aorist plural third-person)
komimъ (first-person plural present)
komite (plural present second-person)
komętь (plural present third-person)
komľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
komľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
komľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
komi (imperative second-person singular)
komi (imperative singular third-person)
komľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
komľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
komľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
komivě (dual first-person imperative)
komita (dual imperative second-person)
komľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
komľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
komľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
komimъ (first-person imperative plural)
komite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: коми́ть (komítʹ) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ко̀мити

Latin script: kòmiti


duti

dunǫti (perfective)
a (accent-paradigm)
dutьje (noun-from-verb)
duti (infinitive)
dutъ (supine)
dulъ (l-participle)
a (accent-paradigm)
dutъ (participle passive past)
dujemъ (participle passive present)
duvъ (active participle past)
duję (active participle present)
a (accent-paradigm)
duxъ (aorist first-person singular)
du (aorist second-person singular)
du (aorist singular third-person)
dujǫ (first-person present singular)
duješi (present second-person singular)
dujetь (present singular third-person)
duxově (aorist dual first-person)
dusta (aorist dual second-person)
duste (aorist dual third-person)
dujevě (dual first-person present)
dujeta (dual present second-person)
dujete (dual present third-person)
duxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
duste (aorist plural second-person)
dušę (aorist plural third-person)
dujemъ (first-person plural present)
dujete (plural present second-person)
dujǫtь (plural present third-person)
dujaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
dujaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
dujaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
duji (imperative second-person singular)
duji (imperative singular third-person)
dujaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
dujaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
dujaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
dujivě (dual first-person imperative)
dujita (dual imperative second-person)
dujaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
dujaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
dujaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
dujimъ (first-person imperative plural)
dujite (imperative plural second-person)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: доути (duti)

Bulgarian: дуя (duja)

Macedonian: дуе (due)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ду̏ти (obsolete)

Latin script: dȕti (obsolete)

Slovene: dúti

West Slavic:

Czech: douti

Polish: duć

Slovak: duť

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewH- (“to gush, to shake, to blow”), cognate with Sanskrit धूयते (dhūyate, “to shake, to tremble”) and Ancient Greek θῡ́ω (thū́ō, “to rush in, to storm”). Within Balto-Slavic, akin to Lithuanian dujà (“dizzle, mist”).
Formally, the lemma also bears resemblance with the onomatopoeic Proto-Slavic *duda (“duda (type of bagpipe)”), *dudati (“to play a duda”), *dudněti (“to buzz, to make noise”).
The conjugation pattern is probably normal thematic inflection. On the surface, it looks as *je-inflection, however, the -j- is likely resultant from a compensatory hiatus.

cog

to swell, to inflate (by blowing air into)


bǫbьniti

East Slavic:

Russian: бубни́ть (bubnítʹ)

desc

Ukrainian: бубоні́ти (buboníty), бубні́ти (bubníty)

West Slavic:

Czech: bubeniti

Polish: bębnić


bažiti

baženьje (noun-from-verb)
bažiti (infinitive)
bažitъ (supine)
bažilъ (l-participle)
baženъ (participle passive past)
bažimъ (participle passive present)
bažь (active participle past)
bažę (active participle present)
bažixъ (aorist first-person singular)
baži (aorist second-person singular)
baži (aorist singular third-person)
bažǫ (first-person present singular)
bažiši (present second-person singular)
bažitь (present singular third-person)
bažixově (aorist dual first-person)
bažista (aorist dual second-person)
bažiste (aorist dual third-person)
baživě (dual first-person present)
bažita (dual present second-person)
bažite (dual present third-person)
bažixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
bažiste (aorist plural second-person)
bažišę (aorist plural third-person)
bažimъ (first-person plural present)
bažite (plural present second-person)
bažętь (plural present third-person)
bažaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
bažaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
bažaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
baži (imperative second-person singular)
baži (imperative singular third-person)
bažaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
bažaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
bažaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
baživě (dual first-person imperative)
bažita (dual imperative second-person)
bažaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
bažaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
bažaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
bažimъ (first-person imperative plural)
bažite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: ба́жи́ть (bážítʹ)

Russian: ба́жи́ть (bážítʹ)

Old Ukrainian: бажити (bažiti)

Ukrainian: бажи́ти (bažýty)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: bažiti

Czech: bažit

Old Polish: zábáżyć się (+*za)

Slovak: bažiť

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-. For the meaning compare Polish prażyć, pragnienie.


vьrťi

vьršenьje (noun-from-verb)
vьrťi (infinitive)
vьrťь (supine)
vьrxlъ (l-participle)
vьršenъ (participle passive past)
vьrxomъ (participle passive present)
vьrxъ (active participle past)
vьrxy (active participle present)
vьrxъ (aorist first-person singular)
vьrxoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
vьrše (aorist second-person singular)
vьrše (aorist singular third-person)
vьrxǫ (first-person present singular)
vьršeši (present second-person singular)
vьršetь (present singular third-person)
vьrxově (aorist dual first-person)
vьrxoxově (aorist dual first-person)
vьrxeta (aorist dual second-person)
vьrxosta (aorist dual second-person)
vьrxete (aorist dual third-person)
vьrxoste (aorist dual third-person)
vьrševě (dual first-person present)
vьršeta (dual present second-person)
vьršete (dual present third-person)
vьrxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
vьrxoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
vьrxete (aorist plural second-person)
vьrxoste (aorist plural second-person)
vьrxǫ (aorist plural third-person)
vьrxošę (aorist plural third-person)
vьršemъ (first-person plural present)
vьršete (plural present second-person)
vьrxǫtь (plural present third-person)
vьršaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
vьršaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
vьršaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
vьrśi (imperative second-person singular)
vьrśi (imperative singular third-person)
vьršaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
vьršaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
vьršaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
vьrśěvě (dual first-person imperative)
vьrśěta (dual imperative second-person)
vьršaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
vьršaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
vьršaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
vьrśěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
vьrśěte (imperative plural second-person)

Church Slavonic: врѣшти (vrěšti) (Russian)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: връха́ (vrǎhá)

Macedonian: врши (vrši)

⇒ Serbo-Croatian: овр́ћи

From Proto-Indo-European *wers-. Baltic cognates include Latvian vârsms; Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek ἔρρω (érrhō), Latin verrō, and Old High German wërran.


obolsti

oboldenьje (noun-from-verb)
obolsti (infinitive)
obolstъ (supine)
oboldlъ (l-participle)
oboldenъ (participle passive past)
oboldъ (active participle past)
oboldъ (aorist first-person singular)
oboldoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
obolde (aorist second-person singular)
obolde (aorist singular third-person)
oboldǫ (first-person present singular)
oboldeši (present second-person singular)
oboldetь (present singular third-person)
oboldově (aorist dual first-person)
oboldoxově (aorist dual first-person)
oboldeta (aorist dual second-person)
oboldosta (aorist dual second-person)
oboldete (aorist dual third-person)
oboldoste (aorist dual third-person)
oboldevě (dual first-person present)
oboldeta (dual present second-person)
oboldete (dual present third-person)
oboldomъ (aorist first-person plural)
oboldoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
oboldete (aorist plural second-person)
oboldoste (aorist plural second-person)
oboldǫ (aorist plural third-person)
oboldošę (aorist plural third-person)
oboldemъ (first-person plural present)
oboldete (plural present second-person)
oboldǫtь (plural present third-person)
oboldi (imperative second-person singular)
oboldi (imperative singular third-person)
obolděvě (dual first-person imperative)
obolděta (dual imperative second-person)
obolděmъ (first-person imperative plural)
obolděte (imperative plural second-person)

Church Slavonic: области (oblasti)

→ Old East Slavic: области (oblasti)

South Slavic:

Macedonian: овласти (ovlasti)

West Slavic:

Czech: ovlasti


naręsti

South Slavic:

Slovene: narèsti (naredím)


bodati

bodàti (canonical)
bodanьje (noun-from-verb)
bodati (infinitive)
bodatъ (supine)
bodalъ (l-participle)
bodanъ (participle passive past)
bodajemъ (participle passive present)
bodavъ (active participle past)
bodaję (active participle present)
bodaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
boda (aorist second-person singular)
boda (aorist singular third-person)
bodajǫ (first-person present singular)
bodaješi (present second-person singular)
bodajetь (present singular third-person)
bodaxově (aorist dual first-person)
bodasta (aorist dual second-person)
bodaste (aorist dual third-person)
bodajevě (dual first-person present)
bodajeta (dual present second-person)
bodajete (dual present third-person)
bodaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
bodaste (aorist plural second-person)
bodašę (aorist plural third-person)
bodajemъ (first-person plural present)
bodajete (plural present second-person)
bodajǫtь (plural present third-person)
bodaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
bodaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
bodaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
bodaji (imperative second-person singular)
bodaji (imperative singular third-person)
bodaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
bodaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
bodaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
bodajivě (dual first-person imperative)
bodajita (dual imperative second-person)
bodaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
bodaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
bodaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
bodajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
bodajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: бада́ць (badácʹ)

Russian: бода́ть (bodátʹ)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: бода́ (bodá)

Slovene: bǫ̂dati

West Slavic:

Czech: bodat

Slovak: bodať


vьlgnǫti

vьlženьje (noun-from-verb)
vьlgnǫti (infinitive)
vьlgnǫtъ (supine)
vьlglъ (l-participle)
vьlženъ (participle passive past)
vьlgnomъ (participle passive present)
vьlgъ (active participle past)
vьlgny (active participle present)
vьlgъ (aorist first-person singular)
vьlgoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
vьlže (aorist second-person singular)
vьlže (aorist singular third-person)
vьlgnǫ (first-person present singular)
vьlgneši (present second-person singular)
vьlgnetь (present singular third-person)
vьlgově (aorist dual first-person)
vьlgoxově (aorist dual first-person)
vьlgeta (aorist dual second-person)
vьlgosta (aorist dual second-person)
vьlgete (aorist dual third-person)
vьlgoste (aorist dual third-person)
vьlgnevě (dual first-person present)
vьlgneta (dual present second-person)
vьlgnete (dual present third-person)
vьlgomъ (aorist first-person plural)
vьlgoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
vьlgete (aorist plural second-person)
vьlgoste (aorist plural second-person)
vьlgǫ (aorist plural third-person)
vьlgošę (aorist plural third-person)
vьlgnemъ (first-person plural present)
vьlgnete (plural present second-person)
vьlgnǫtь (plural present third-person)
vьlgněaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
vьlgněaše (imperfect second-person singular)
vьlgněaše (imperfect singular third-person)
vьlgni (imperative second-person singular)
vьlgni (imperative singular third-person)
vьlgněaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
vьlgněašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
vьlgněašete (dual imperfect third-person)
vьlgněvě (dual first-person imperative)
vьlgněta (dual imperative second-person)
vьlgněaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
vьlgněašete (imperfect plural second-person)
vьlgněaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
vьlgněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
vьlgněte (imperative plural second-person)
vьlgnovenьje (noun-from-verb)
vьlgnǫti (infinitive)
vьlgnǫtъ (supine)
vьlgnǫlъ (l-participle)
vьlgnovenъ (participle passive past)
vьlgnomъ (participle passive present)
vьlgnǫvъ (active participle past)
vьlgny (active participle present)
vьlgnǫxъ (aorist first-person singular)
vьlgnǫ (aorist second-person singular)
vьlgnǫ (aorist singular third-person)
vьlgnǫ (first-person present singular)
vьlgneši (present second-person singular)
vьlgnetь (present singular third-person)
vьlgnǫxově (aorist dual first-person)
vьlgnǫsta (aorist dual second-person)
vьlgnǫste (aorist dual third-person)
vьlgnevě (dual first-person present)
vьlgneta (dual present second-person)
vьlgnete (dual present third-person)
vьlgnǫxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
vьlgnǫste (aorist plural second-person)
vьlgnǫšę (aorist plural third-person)
vьlgnemъ (first-person plural present)
vьlgnete (plural present second-person)
vьlgnǫtь (plural present third-person)
vьlgněaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
vьlgněaše (imperfect second-person singular)
vьlgněaše (imperfect singular third-person)
vьlgni (imperative second-person singular)
vьlgni (imperative singular third-person)
vьlgněaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
vьlgněašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
vьlgněašete (dual imperfect third-person)
vьlgněvě (dual first-person imperative)
vьlgněta (dual imperative second-person)
vьlgněaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
vьlgněašete (imperfect plural second-person)
vьlgněaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
vьlgněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
vьlgněte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: во́лгнуть (vólgnutʹ) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Macedonian: влажни (vlažni)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: вугнути

Latin script: vugnuti

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vlhnúti

Czech: vlhnout

Polish: wilgnąć

Slovak: vlhnúť

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *welg-. Compare Lithuanian vìlgti (“to become wet”), Latvian vil̂gt (“to become wet”).


koxati

koxanьje (noun-from-verb)
koxati (infinitive)
koxatъ (supine)
koxalъ (l-participle)
koxanъ (participle passive past)
koxajemъ (participle passive present)
koxavъ (active participle past)
koxaję (active participle present)
koxaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
koxa (aorist second-person singular)
koxa (aorist singular third-person)
koxajǫ (first-person present singular)
koxaješi (present second-person singular)
koxajetь (present singular third-person)
koxaxově (aorist dual first-person)
koxasta (aorist dual second-person)
koxaste (aorist dual third-person)
koxajevě (dual first-person present)
koxajeta (dual present second-person)
koxajete (dual present third-person)
koxaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
koxaste (aorist plural second-person)
koxašę (aorist plural third-person)
koxajemъ (first-person plural present)
koxajete (plural present second-person)
koxajǫtь (plural present third-person)
koxaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
koxaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
koxaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
koxaji (imperative second-person singular)
koxaji (imperative singular third-person)
koxaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
koxaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
koxaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
koxajivě (dual first-person imperative)
koxajita (dual imperative second-person)
koxaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
koxaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
koxaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
koxajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
koxajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: кохати (koxati)

Belarusian: каха́ць (kaxácʹ)

Ukrainian: коха́ти (koxáty)

Russian: коха́ть (koxátʹ) (dialectal)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kochati

Czech: kochati; kochat, kochať (dialectal)

Old Polish: kochać
Polish: kochać

Slovak: kochať

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: kòchac

Slovincian: kôchac

Often said to be from the root as in *kosnǫti and *kasati with an expressive infix *-x-, evolving semantically from “encountering” to “expressively paying honour” and hence “loving”, so Machek and repeated inter alios by Boryś, but, as Roman Jakobson remarks, it is in fact from the root for chicken: *kokošь (“hen”), Czech kokot (“cock”), Proto-Slavic *orzkošь (“voluptuousness, pleasure, orgasm”), Russian ко́ко́ (kókó, “egg”), Proto-Slavic *kočanъ meaning “head of cabbage”, “cob of corn”, “penis” across Slavic, the expression in Russian де́лать кому́-то ку́ры (délatʹ komú-to kúry) which is from French faire la cour but sounded as from кур (kur, “rooster”), etc. insinuate that *koxati is from an earlier *koksati evoking erotic rooster imagery. For this reason its early occurences in writing are rare, as it apparently was an unfine word.

cog

де́лать кому́-то ку́ры


mъknǫti

mъknǫ̀ti (canonical)
b (accent-paradigm)
mъčenьje (noun-from-verb)
mъknǫti (infinitive)
mъknǫtъ (supine)
mъklъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
mъčenъ (participle passive past)
mъknomъ (participle passive present)
mъkъ (active participle past)
mъkny (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
mъkъ (aorist first-person singular)
mъkoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
mъče (aorist second-person singular)
mъče (aorist singular third-person)
mъknǫ (first-person present singular)
mъkneši (present second-person singular)
mъknetь (present singular third-person)
mъkově (aorist dual first-person)
mъkoxově (aorist dual first-person)
mъketa (aorist dual second-person)
mъkosta (aorist dual second-person)
mъkete (aorist dual third-person)
mъkoste (aorist dual third-person)
mъknevě (dual first-person present)
mъkneta (dual present second-person)
mъknete (dual present third-person)
mъkomъ (aorist first-person plural)
mъkoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
mъkete (aorist plural second-person)
mъkoste (aorist plural second-person)
mъkǫ (aorist plural third-person)
mъkošę (aorist plural third-person)
mъknemъ (first-person plural present)
mъknete (plural present second-person)
mъknǫtь (plural present third-person)
mъkněaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
mъkněaše (imperfect second-person singular)
mъkněaše (imperfect singular third-person)
mъkni (imperative second-person singular)
mъkni (imperative singular third-person)
mъkněaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
mъkněašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
mъkněašete (dual imperfect third-person)
mъkněvě (dual first-person imperative)
mъkněta (dual imperative second-person)
mъkněaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
mъkněašete (imperfect plural second-person)
mъkněaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
mъkněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
mъkněte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *мъкнѫти (*mŭknǫti)

Belarusian: мкнуць (mknucʹ)

Russian: -мкну́ть (-mknútʹ)

Ukrainian: -мкну́ти (-mknúty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: мъкнѫти (mŭknǫti)

Glagolitic script: ⰿⱏⰽⱀⱘⱅⰻ (mŭknǫti)

Bulgarian: мъ́кна (mǎ́kna)

Macedonian: мкне (mkne) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ма̀кнути

Latin script: màknuti

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: maknīti, mákniti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: mknúti

Czech: mknout

Old Polish: mknąć

Polish: mknąć

Slovak: mknúť

Slovincian: mknõc

From older *mъťi

Serbo-Croatian: ма̏ћи

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *múktei (“to slip away, to flee, escape”), from Proto-Indo-European *mu-n-ék-ti ~ *mu-n-k-éti, from *(s)mewk-. Compare Latvian mukt (“knock off, slip”), Lithuanian mùkti, munkù, mukaũ (“be released, escape”).


cěliti

cělìti (canonical)
c (accent-paradigm)
cěľenьje (noun-from-verb)
cěliti (infinitive)
cělitъ (supine)
cělilъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
cěľenъ (participle passive past)
cělimъ (participle passive present)
cěľь (active participle past)
cělę (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
cělixъ (aorist first-person singular)
cěli (aorist second-person singular)
cěli (aorist singular third-person)
cěľǫ (first-person present singular)
cěliši (present second-person singular)
cělitь (present singular third-person)
cělixově (aorist dual first-person)
cělista (aorist dual second-person)
cěliste (aorist dual third-person)
cělivě (dual first-person present)
cělita (dual present second-person)
cělite (dual present third-person)
cělixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
cěliste (aorist plural second-person)
cělišę (aorist plural third-person)
cělimъ (first-person plural present)
cělite (plural present second-person)
cělętь (plural present third-person)
cěľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
cěľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
cěľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
cěli (imperative second-person singular)
cěli (imperative singular third-person)
cěľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
cěľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
cěľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
cělivě (dual first-person imperative)
cělita (dual imperative second-person)
cěľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
cěľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
cěľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
cělimъ (first-person imperative plural)
cělite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: цѣлити (cěliti)

Belarusian: целі́ць (cjelícʹ)

Russian: цели́ть (celítʹ)

Ukrainian: ціли́ти (cilýty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: цѣлити (cěliti)

Bulgarian: целя́ (celjá)

⇒ Macedonian: и́сцели (ísceli)

Serbo-Croatian:

desc

Cyrillic script: це́лити, ције́лити

Cyrillic script: це́лити, ције́лити

Latin script: céliti, cijéliti

Slovene: cẹ́liti

West Slavic:

Czech: celit (archaic)

Old Polish: celić

Polish: calić (obsolete)

⇒ Polish: ocalić (“to save”)

Slovak: celiť

From *cělъ + *-iti. Compare Proto-Germanic *hailijaną (< *hailaz).


blьknǫti

blьknovenьje (noun-from-verb)
blьknǫti (infinitive)
blьknǫtъ (supine)
blьknǫlъ (l-participle)
blьknovenъ (participle passive past)
blьknomъ (participle passive present)
blьknǫvъ (active participle past)
blьkny (active participle present)
blьknǫxъ (aorist first-person singular)
blьknǫ (aorist second-person singular)
blьknǫ (aorist singular third-person)
blьknǫ (first-person present singular)
blьkneši (present second-person singular)
blьknetь (present singular third-person)
blьknǫxově (aorist dual first-person)
blьknǫsta (aorist dual second-person)
blьknǫste (aorist dual third-person)
blьknevě (dual first-person present)
blьkneta (dual present second-person)
blьknete (dual present third-person)
blьknǫxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
blьknǫste (aorist plural second-person)
blьknǫšę (aorist plural third-person)
blьknemъ (first-person plural present)
blьknete (plural present second-person)
blьknǫtь (plural present third-person)
blьkněaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
blьkněaše (imperfect second-person singular)
blьkněaše (imperfect singular third-person)
blьkni (imperative second-person singular)
blьkni (imperative singular third-person)
blьkněaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
blьkněašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
blьkněašete (dual imperfect third-person)
blьkněvě (dual first-person imperative)
blьkněta (dual imperative second-person)
blьkněaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
blьkněašete (imperfect plural second-person)
blьkněaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
blьkněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
blьkněte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: блякнуць (bljaknucʹ)

Russian: блёкнуть (bljóknutʹ)

Ukrainian: бле́кнути (bléknuty) (obsolete)

West Slavic:

Polish: blaknąć

→ Ukrainian: бля́кнути (bljáknuty)

Uncertain. Common theories include:
* Related to Lithuanian blùkti (“to weaken”) and, possibly, Latin flaccus (“flaccid”).
* Related to Lithuanian nubliẽkti (“to fade”).
The descended terms have also been proposed to be borrowed from a Germanic language, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *blaikijaną (“to bleach”), supported by the terms' relatively late attestations.


blęsti

blęstì (canonical)
c (accent-paradigm)
blędenьje (noun-from-verb)
blęsti (infinitive)
blęstъ (supine)
blędlъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
blędъ (active participle past)
blędy (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
blędъ (aorist first-person singular)
blędoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
blęde (aorist second-person singular)
blęde (aorist singular third-person)
blędǫ (first-person present singular)
blędeši (present second-person singular)
blędetь (present singular third-person)
blędově (aorist dual first-person)
blędoxově (aorist dual first-person)
blędeta (aorist dual second-person)
blędosta (aorist dual second-person)
blędete (aorist dual third-person)
blędoste (aorist dual third-person)
blędevě (dual first-person present)
blędeta (dual present second-person)
blędete (dual present third-person)
blędomъ (aorist first-person plural)
blędoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
blędete (aorist plural second-person)
blędoste (aorist plural second-person)
blędǫ (aorist plural third-person)
blędošę (aorist plural third-person)
blędemъ (first-person plural present)
blędete (plural present second-person)
blędǫtь (plural present third-person)
blęděaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
blęděaše (imperfect second-person singular)
blęděaše (imperfect singular third-person)
blędi (imperative second-person singular)
blędi (imperative singular third-person)
blęděaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
blęděašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
blęděašete (dual imperfect third-person)
blęděvě (dual first-person imperative)
blęděta (dual imperative second-person)
blęděaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
blęděašete (imperfect plural second-person)
blęděaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
blęděmъ (first-person imperative plural)
blęděte (imperative plural second-person)

Marko Snoj
Rick Derksen
uk:Гринчишин Дмитро Григорович

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: блѧсти

Old Ukrainian: блѧсти (bljasti) (early 17th cent.)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: блѧсти

Glagolitic script: ⰱⰾⱔⱄⱅⰺ (blęsti)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: блести (obsolete)

Latin script: blesti (obsolete)

Slovene: blésti

West Slavic:

Old Czech: blésti

Polish: blęść (dialectal)

Per Fraenkel, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *blenstei, typically derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰlendʰ- (“to blend, to stir”). Baltic cognates include Lithuanian blę̃sti (“to add ingredients and stir; to babble nonsense”), possibly Latvian bliêzt (“to struggle to perceive”).
Alternative hypotheses suggest expressive or onomatopoeic origin:
* Machek: Related to Lithuanian blódėti (“to babble”), Latvian bladēt (“id.”), possible also Ancient Greek φλέδων (phlédōn, “babbler”), φληνύω (phlēnúō, “to babble”) (per Beekes, probably of Pre-Greek origin).
* Seebold: From Proto-Indo-European *mlendʰ-, an extention of *(s)mel- (“false, erroneous”) (whence Lithuanian mẽlas (“lie”)) or *melh₂- (“to grind”).

cog

(perhaps originally) to blend words → to confuse, to perplex


blǫditi

blǭdìti (canonical imperfective)
b (accent-paradigm)
blǫďenьje (noun-from-verb)
blǫditi (infinitive)
blǫditъ (supine)
blǫdilъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
blǫďenъ (participle passive past)
blǫdimъ (participle passive present)
blǫďь (active participle past)
blǫdę (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
blǫdixъ (aorist first-person singular)
blǫdi (aorist second-person singular)
blǫdi (aorist singular third-person)
blǫďǫ (first-person present singular)
blǫdiši (present second-person singular)
blǫditь (present singular third-person)
blǫdixově (aorist dual first-person)
blǫdista (aorist dual second-person)
blǫdiste (aorist dual third-person)
blǫdivě (dual first-person present)
blǫdita (dual present second-person)
blǫdite (dual present third-person)
blǫdixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
blǫdiste (aorist plural second-person)
blǫdišę (aorist plural third-person)
blǫdimъ (first-person plural present)
blǫdite (plural present second-person)
blǫdętь (plural present third-person)
blǫďaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
blǫďaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
blǫďaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
blǫdi (imperative second-person singular)
blǫdi (imperative singular third-person)
blǫďaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
blǫďaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
blǫďaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
blǫdivě (dual first-person imperative)
blǫdita (dual imperative second-person)
blǫďaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
blǫďaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
blǫďaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
blǫdimъ (first-person imperative plural)
blǫdite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: блѫдити (blǫditi)

Old Ruthenian: блуди́ти (bludíti)

Belarusian: блудзі́ць (bludzícʹ)

Ukrainian: блуди́ти (bludýty)

Russian: блуди́ть (bludítʹ)

Old Novgorodian: блодити (bloditi)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: блѫдити (blǫditi)

Glagolitic script: ⰱⰾⱘⰴⰻⱅⰻ (blǫditi)

Bulgarian: блъдя́ (blǎdjá)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: блудити

Latin script: bluditi

Slovene: blodíti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: blúditi

Czech: bloudit

Polabian: blǫdĕt

Old Polish: błądzić

Polish: błądzić

Slovak: blúdiť

West Slavic:

Kashubian: błãdzëc

Slovincian: blõdzëc

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: błuźiś

Upper Sorbian: błudzić

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *blándīˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰlondʰ-éye-ti, from *bʰlendʰ- (“to blend, mix up”). Cognate with Latvian bluôdîtiês (“to roam, be ashamed”), blàndîtiês (“to roam”), Lithuanian blandýtis (“to clear up, become cloudy, recover, roam”), Proto-Germanic *blandaną.


bľьvati

c (accent-paradigm)
bľьvanьje (noun-from-verb)
bľьvati (infinitive)
bľьvatъ (supine)
bľьvalъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
bľьvanъ (participle passive past)
bľujemъ (participle passive present)
bľьvavъ (active participle past)
bľuję (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
bľьvaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
bľьva (aorist second-person singular)
bľьva (aorist singular third-person)
bľujǫ (first-person present singular)
bľuješi (present second-person singular)
bľujetь (present singular third-person)
bľьvaxově (aorist dual first-person)
bľьvasta (aorist dual second-person)
bľьvaste (aorist dual third-person)
bľujevě (dual first-person present)
bľujeta (dual present second-person)
bľujete (dual present third-person)
bľьvaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
bľьvaste (aorist plural second-person)
bľьvašę (aorist plural third-person)
bľujemъ (first-person plural present)
bľujete (plural present second-person)
bľujǫtь (plural present third-person)
bľьvaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
bľьvaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
bľьvaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
bľuji (imperative second-person singular)
bľuji (imperative singular third-person)
bľьvaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
bľьvaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
bľьvaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
bľujivě (dual first-person imperative)
bľujita (dual imperative second-person)
bľьvaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
bľьvaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
bľьvaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
bľujimъ (first-person imperative plural)
bľujite (imperative plural second-person)
a (accent-paradigm)
bľьvanьje (noun-from-verb)
bľьvati (infinitive)
bľьvatъ (supine)
bľьvalъ (l-participle)
a (accent-paradigm)
bľьvanъ (participle passive past)
bľьvajemъ (participle passive present)
bľьvavъ (active participle past)
bľьvaję (active participle present)
a (accent-paradigm)
bľьvaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
bľьva (aorist second-person singular)
bľьva (aorist singular third-person)
bľьvajǫ (first-person present singular)
bľьvaješi (present second-person singular)
bľьvajetь (present singular third-person)
bľьvaxově (aorist dual first-person)
bľьvasta (aorist dual second-person)
bľьvaste (aorist dual third-person)
bľьvajevě (dual first-person present)
bľьvajeta (dual present second-person)
bľьvajete (dual present third-person)
bľьvaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
bľьvaste (aorist plural second-person)
bľьvašę (aorist plural third-person)
bľьvajemъ (first-person plural present)
bľьvajete (plural present second-person)
bľьvajǫtь (plural present third-person)
bľьvaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
bľьvaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
bľьvaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
bľьvaji (imperative second-person singular)
bľьvaji (imperative singular third-person)
bľьvaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
bľьvaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
bľьvaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
bľьvajivě (dual first-person imperative)
bľьvajita (dual imperative second-person)
bľьvaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
bľьvaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
bľьvaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
bľьvajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
bľьvajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: бльвати (blĭvati)

Old Ruthenian:

desc

Belarusian: блю́ваць (bljúvacʹ), блява́ць (bljavácʹ)

Carpathian Rusyn: бльо́вати (blʹóvaty)

Ukrainian: блюва́ти (bljuváty)

Russian: блева́ть (blevátʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: бльвати (blĭvati)

Glagolitic script: ⰱⰾⱐⰲⰰⱅⰺ (blĭvati)

Bulgarian: бъ́лвам (bǎ́lvam)

Macedonian: блуе (blue)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бљу̀вати

Latin script: bljùvati

Slovene: bljuváti, bljeváti

West Slavic:

Czech: blít

Polabian: bľåvăt

Old Polish: bluć

Slovak: bľuvať

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: bluwaś

Upper Sorbian: bluwać

Perhaps from merging of:
* Per Vasmer, Snoj: From *bľuti (“to surge, to gush”) + *-ati, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bljauˀtei, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰlewH-. Cognate with Lithuanian bliáuti (“to bleat, to weep”), Latvian bļaût (“to bleat”) and further akin to Ancient Greek φλύω (phlúō, “to boil over”), Latin fluō (“flow”). Related terms such as *blyjati, *blyvati can only descend from this source.
* Per Trubačev (ESSJa): Specifically for the expressive meaning “to vomit, to puke”, possibly from an earlier *bjьvati, analogous to Proto-Slavic *pľьvati (“to spit”) < *pjьvati. Descendants without epenthetic *-ľ- are attested in dial. Bulgarian бю́вам (bjúvam).


mьrzěti

Rick Derksen
uk:Мельничук Олександр Савич

mьrzěnьje (noun-from-verb)
mьrzěti (infinitive)
mьrzětъ (supine)
mьrzělъ (l-participle)
mьrzěnъ (participle passive past)
mьrzimъ (participle passive present)
mьrzěvъ (active participle past)
mьrzę (active participle present)
mьrzěxъ (aorist first-person singular)
mьrzě (aorist second-person singular)
mьrzě (aorist singular third-person)
mьržǫ (first-person present singular)
mьrziši (present second-person singular)
mьrzitь (present singular third-person)
mьrzěxově (aorist dual first-person)
mьrzěsta (aorist dual second-person)
mьrzěste (aorist dual third-person)
mьrzivě (dual first-person present)
mьrzita (dual present second-person)
mьrzite (dual present third-person)
mьrzěxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
mьrzěste (aorist plural second-person)
mьrzěšę (aorist plural third-person)
mьrzimъ (first-person plural present)
mьrzite (plural present second-person)
mьrzętь (plural present third-person)
mьrzěaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
mьrzěaše (imperfect second-person singular)
mьrzěaše (imperfect singular third-person)
mьrzi (imperative second-person singular)
mьrzi (imperative singular third-person)
mьrzěaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
mьrzěašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
mьrzěašete (dual imperfect third-person)
mьrzivě (dual first-person imperative)
mьrzita (dual imperative second-person)
mьrzěaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
mьrzěašete (imperfect plural second-person)
mьrzěaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
mьrzimъ (first-person imperative plural)
mьrzite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: мерзеть (merzetʹ) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: мерзи́ти (merzýty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: мръзѣти (mrŭzěti)

Glagolitic: ⰿⱃⱏⰸⱑⱅⰻ (mrŭzěti)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: мр́зети

Latin script: mŕziti

Slovene: mrzẹ́ti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: mrzěti

Czech: mrzet

Old Polish: mierzieć, mirzieć

Polabian: morzăt

Slovak: mrzieť


mьrziti

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: мерзити (merziti)

Russian: мерзи́ть (merzítʹ) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: мерзи́ти (merzýty)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: мързи́ (mǎrzí)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: мр́зити

Latin script: mŕziti

Slovene: mrzíti

West Slavic:

Czech: mrzet (“to be sorry”)

Polish: mierzić

Slovak: mrzеť

Slovincian: mjêrzëc

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: mjerzaś

Upper Sorbian: mjerzać


gybati

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: гꙑбати (gybati), гꙑбатисꙗ (gybatisja)

Belarusian: гіба́ць (hibácʹ), гі́баць (híbacʹ) (dialectal)

Russian: гиба́ть (gibátʹ), гы́бать (gýbatʹ) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: гиба́ть (hybátʹ) (dialectal)

⇒ Ukrainian: загиба́ти (zahybáty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: гꙑбати (gybati)

Glagolitic script: ⰳⱏⰹⰱⰰⱅⰺ (gybati)

Middle Bulgarian: ги́бѫм (gíbǫm)

Bulgarian: ги́бам (gíbam), ги́ба̣м (gíbạm) (dialectal)

Macedonian: гиба (giba)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ги́бати

Latin script: gíbati

Slovene: gíbati

West Slavic:

Czech: hýbati; hýbat, hýbať, hyjbat (dialectal)

Old Polish: gibać

Polish: gibać (dialectal)

Slovak: hýbať; híbat (dialectal); hibaj

Slovincian: gjibac

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: gibaś

Upper Sorbian: gibać

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gubā́ˀtei, itself from *gúbtei.


ǫditi

ǫdìti (canonical)
ǫďenьje (noun-from-verb)
ǫditi (infinitive)
ǫditъ (supine)
ǫdilъ (l-participle)
ǫďenъ (participle passive past)
ǫdimъ (participle passive present)
ǫďь (active participle past)
ǫdę (active participle present)
ǫdixъ (aorist first-person singular)
ǫdi (aorist second-person singular)
ǫdi (aorist singular third-person)
ǫďǫ (first-person present singular)
ǫdiši (present second-person singular)
ǫditь (present singular third-person)
ǫdixově (aorist dual first-person)
ǫdista (aorist dual second-person)
ǫdiste (aorist dual third-person)
ǫdivě (dual first-person present)
ǫdita (dual present second-person)
ǫdite (dual present third-person)
ǫdixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
ǫdiste (aorist plural second-person)
ǫdišę (aorist plural third-person)
ǫdimъ (first-person plural present)
ǫdite (plural present second-person)
ǫdętь (plural present third-person)
ǫďaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
ǫďaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
ǫďaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
ǫdi (imperative second-person singular)
ǫdi (imperative singular third-person)
ǫďaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
ǫďaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
ǫďaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
ǫdivě (dual first-person imperative)
ǫdita (dual imperative second-person)
ǫďaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
ǫďaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
ǫďaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
ǫdimъ (first-person imperative plural)
ǫdite (imperative plural second-person)

Church Slavonic: ѫдити (ǫditi)

East Slavic: —

South Slavic:

Slovene: vodíti, odíti (“to smoke”)

West Slavic:

Czech: udit (“to smoke”)

desctree

Polish: wędzić (“to smoke”)
→ Belarusian: вэ́ндзіць (véndzicʹ)

(?) Slovak: údiť (“to smoke”)

Per Derksen, cognate with Old High German swintan and Old English swindan (from Proto-Germanic *swindaną).

Oleg Trubachyov
Rick Derksen
pl:Štefan Peciar


krakati

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: кракати (krakati)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кра́кати

Latin script: krákati

Slovene: krakati

West Slavic:

Czech: krákat

Polish: krakać

Slovak: krákať

From imitative Proto-Indo-European *ker-. Baltic cognates include Latvian krãkât, Lithuanian krokoti. Further cognates with Latin crocire.

onom

imitative


bakati

bakanьje (noun-from-verb)
bakati (infinitive)
bakatъ (supine)
bakalъ (l-participle)
bakanъ (participle passive past)
bakajemъ (participle passive present)
bakavъ (active participle past)
bakaję (active participle present)
bakaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
baka (aorist second-person singular)
baka (aorist singular third-person)
bakajǫ (first-person present singular)
bakaješi (present second-person singular)
bakajetь (present singular third-person)
bakaxově (aorist dual first-person)
bakasta (aorist dual second-person)
bakaste (aorist dual third-person)
bakajevě (dual first-person present)
bakajeta (dual present second-person)
bakajete (dual present third-person)
bakaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
bakaste (aorist plural second-person)
bakašę (aorist plural third-person)
bakajemъ (first-person plural present)
bakajete (plural present second-person)
bakajǫtь (plural present third-person)
bakaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
bakaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
bakaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
bakaji (imperative second-person singular)
bakaji (imperative singular third-person)
bakaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
bakaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
bakaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
bakajivě (dual first-person imperative)
bakajita (dual imperative second-person)
bakaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
bakaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
bakaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
bakajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
bakajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: ба́каць (bákacʹ)

Russian: ба́кать (bákatʹ) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: ба́кати (bákaty)

West Slavic:

Czech: bakati, bákat (dialectal)

Old Polish: bakać

Polish: bakać

Most likely from *ba- (“to speak, to enchant”) + *-kati. Akin to Lithuanian bóskoti (“to tell”).


bakati

baknǫti (perfective)
bakanьje (noun-from-verb)
bakati (infinitive)
bakatъ (supine)
bakalъ (l-participle)
bakanъ (participle passive past)
bakajemъ (participle passive present)
bakavъ (active participle past)
bakaję (active participle present)
bakaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
baka (aorist second-person singular)
baka (aorist singular third-person)
bakajǫ (first-person present singular)
bakaješi (present second-person singular)
bakajetь (present singular third-person)
bakaxově (aorist dual first-person)
bakasta (aorist dual second-person)
bakaste (aorist dual third-person)
bakajevě (dual first-person present)
bakajeta (dual present second-person)
bakajete (dual present third-person)
bakaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
bakaste (aorist plural second-person)
bakašę (aorist plural third-person)
bakajemъ (first-person plural present)
bakajete (plural present second-person)
bakajǫtь (plural present third-person)
bakaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
bakaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
bakaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
bakaji (imperative second-person singular)
bakaji (imperative singular third-person)
bakaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
bakaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
bakaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
bakajivě (dual first-person imperative)
bakajita (dual imperative second-person)
bakaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
bakaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
bakaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
bakajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
bakajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

>? Ukrainian: ба́цати (bácaty), ба́цькати (bácʹkaty, “to push”) (if not from *batьcati)

South Slavic:

desc

Bulgarian: ба́кам (bákam) (obsolete, formal)

⇒ Bulgarian: ба́цам (bácam), ба́чкам (báčkam)

Macedonian: *бака (*baka) (outdated)

⇒ Macedonian: баца (baca, “to soil, to pollute”), бацува (bacuva, “to kiss”)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ба̀кати, ба̀цати

Latin script: bàkati, bàcati

Uncertain. Probably of expressive origin.
Outside of Slavic, formally resembles Ancient Greek βαστάζω (bastázō, “to carry, to handle”) and Latin *bastō (“to carry”), battuō (“to pound”), however, common origin is unlikely.

cog

to inflict, to exert (force, impact, damage)


badlovati

badlovanьje (noun-from-verb)
badlovati (infinitive)
badlovatъ (supine)
badlovalъ (l-participle)
badlovanъ (participle passive past)
badlujemъ (participle passive present)
badlovavъ (active participle past)
badluję (active participle present)
badlovaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
badlova (aorist second-person singular)
badlova (aorist singular third-person)
badlujǫ (first-person present singular)
badluješi (present second-person singular)
badlujetь (present singular third-person)
badlovaxově (aorist dual first-person)
badlovasta (aorist dual second-person)
badlovaste (aorist dual third-person)
badlujevě (dual first-person present)
badlujeta (dual present second-person)
badlujete (dual present third-person)
badlovaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
badlovaste (aorist plural second-person)
badlovašę (aorist plural third-person)
badlujemъ (first-person plural present)
badlujete (plural present second-person)
badlujǫtь (plural present third-person)
badlovaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
badlovaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
badlovaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
badluji (imperative second-person singular)
badluji (imperative singular third-person)
badlovaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
badlovaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
badlovaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
badlujivě (dual first-person imperative)
badlujita (dual imperative second-person)
badlovaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
badlovaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
badlovaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
badlujimъ (first-person imperative plural)
badlujite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: балава́ць (balavácʹ)

Russian: балова́ть (balovátʹ)

Ukrainian: балува́ти (baluváty)

South Slavic:

desc

Old Church Slavonic: убаловати (ubalovati)

Bulgarian: бало́вам (balóvam) (dialectal)

Slovene: balováti

West Slavic:

Slovak: balovac (dialectal)


bel(e)niti

belniti (canonical)
belňenьje (noun-from-verb)
beleňenьje (noun-from-verb)
belniti (infinitive)
beleniti (infinitive)
belnitъ (supine)
belenitъ (supine)
belnilъ (l-participle)
belenilъ (l-participle)
belňenъ (participle passive past)
beleňenъ (participle passive past)
belnimъ (participle passive present)
belenimъ (participle passive present)
belňь (active participle past)
beleňь (active participle past)
belnę (active participle present)
belenę (active participle present)
belnixъ (aorist first-person singular)
belenixъ (aorist first-person singular)
belni (aorist second-person singular)
beleni (aorist second-person singular)
belni (aorist singular third-person)
beleni (aorist singular third-person)
belňǫ (first-person present singular)
beleňǫ (first-person present singular)
belniši (present second-person singular)
beleniši (present second-person singular)
belnitь (present singular third-person)
belenitь (present singular third-person)
belnixově (aorist dual first-person)
belenixově (aorist dual first-person)
belnista (aorist dual second-person)
belenista (aorist dual second-person)
belniste (aorist dual third-person)
beleniste (aorist dual third-person)
belnivě (dual first-person present)
belenivě (dual first-person present)
belnita (dual present second-person)
belenita (dual present second-person)
belnite (dual present third-person)
belenite (dual present third-person)
belnixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
belenixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
belniste (aorist plural second-person)
beleniste (aorist plural second-person)
belnišę (aorist plural third-person)
belenišę (aorist plural third-person)
belnimъ (first-person plural present)
belenimъ (first-person plural present)
belnite (plural present second-person)
belenite (plural present second-person)
belnętь (plural present third-person)
belenętь (plural present third-person)
belňaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
beleňaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
belňaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
beleňaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
belňaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
beleňaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
belni (imperative second-person singular)
beleni (imperative second-person singular)
belni (imperative singular third-person)
beleni (imperative singular third-person)
belňaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
beleňaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
belňaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
beleňaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
belňaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
beleňaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
belnivě (dual first-person imperative)
belenivě (dual first-person imperative)
belnita (dual imperative second-person)
belenita (dual imperative second-person)
belňaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
beleňaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
belňaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
beleňaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
belňaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
beleňaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
belnimъ (first-person imperative plural)
belenimъ (first-person imperative plural)
belnite (imperative plural second-person)
belenite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

узбелени́ться

Russian: узбелени́ться (uzbelenítʹsja, “to become infuriated”) (dialectal), болони́ть (bolonítʹ, “to pester bore”) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: блену́вам (blenúvam, “to be poisoned by henbane, day-dream”)

Macedonian: бленува (blenuva, “to dream”)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бла́нити (“to go crazy, rage”)

Latin script: blániti

Slovene: blencáti (“to talk in ones sleep, rave, chatter”), belendáti (“rave, phantasize”) (from Hungarian)

West Slavic:

Czech: blenovati (“to chatter”)


dročiti

dročenьje (noun-from-verb)
dročiti (infinitive)
dročitъ (supine)
dročilъ (l-participle)
dročenъ (participle passive past)
dročimъ (participle passive present)
dročь (active participle past)
dročę (active participle present)
dročixъ (aorist first-person singular)
droči (aorist second-person singular)
droči (aorist singular third-person)
dročǫ (first-person present singular)
dročiši (present second-person singular)
dročitь (present singular third-person)
dročixově (aorist dual first-person)
dročista (aorist dual second-person)
dročiste (aorist dual third-person)
dročivě (dual first-person present)
dročita (dual present second-person)
dročite (dual present third-person)
dročixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
dročiste (aorist plural second-person)
dročišę (aorist plural third-person)
dročimъ (first-person plural present)
dročite (plural present second-person)
dročętь (plural present third-person)
dročaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
dročaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
dročaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
droči (imperative second-person singular)
droči (imperative singular third-person)
dročaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
dročaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
dročaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
dročivě (dual first-person imperative)
dročita (dual imperative second-person)
dročaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
dročaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
dročaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
dročimъ (first-person imperative plural)
dročite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: дрочи́ть (dročítʹ)

Ukrainian: дрочи́ти (dročýty)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: дро́ча (dróča) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: дро̏чити

Latin script: drȍčiti

West Slavic:

Polish: droczyć

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *drok-. Baltic cognates include Latvian dracît (“to scold”).


drъžati

c (accent-paradigm)
drъžanьje (noun-from-verb)
drъžati (infinitive)
drъžatъ (supine)
drъžalъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
drъžavъ (active participle past)
drъžę (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
drъžaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
drъža (aorist second-person singular)
drъža (aorist singular third-person)
drъžǫ (first-person present singular)
drъžiši (present second-person singular)
drъžitь (present singular third-person)
drъžaxově (aorist dual first-person)
drъžasta (aorist dual second-person)
drъžaste (aorist dual third-person)
drъživě (dual first-person present)
drъžita (dual present second-person)
drъžite (dual present third-person)
drъžaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
drъžaste (aorist plural second-person)
drъžašę (aorist plural third-person)
drъžimъ (first-person plural present)
drъžite (plural present second-person)
drъžętь (plural present third-person)
drъžaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
drъžaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
drъžaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
drъži (imperative second-person singular)
drъži (imperative singular third-person)
drъžaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
drъžaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
drъžaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
drъživě (dual first-person imperative)
drъžita (dual imperative second-person)
drъžaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
drъžaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
drъžaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
drъžimъ (first-person imperative plural)
drъžite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: дрожа́ти (drožáti)

Russian: дрожа́ть (drožátʹ)

Ukrainian: дрижа́ти (dryžáty)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: držěti, dřežěti

Polish: drżeć

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: ržeć

Lower Sorbian: rdžaś


drъgati

drъgnǫti (perfective)
drъganьje (noun-from-verb)
drъgati (infinitive)
drъgatъ (supine)
drъgalъ (l-participle)
drъganъ (participle passive past)
drъgajemъ (participle passive present)
drъgavъ (active participle past)
drъgaję (active participle present)
drъgaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
drъga (aorist second-person singular)
drъga (aorist singular third-person)
drъgajǫ (first-person present singular)
drъgaješi (present second-person singular)
drъgajetь (present singular third-person)
drъgaxově (aorist dual first-person)
drъgasta (aorist dual second-person)
drъgaste (aorist dual third-person)
drъgajevě (dual first-person present)
drъgajeta (dual present second-person)
drъgajete (dual present third-person)
drъgaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
drъgaste (aorist plural second-person)
drъgašę (aorist plural third-person)
drъgajemъ (first-person plural present)
drъgajete (plural present second-person)
drъgajǫtь (plural present third-person)
drъgaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
drъgaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
drъgaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
drъgaji (imperative second-person singular)
drъgaji (imperative singular third-person)
drъgaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
drъgaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
drъgaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
drъgajivě (dual first-person imperative)
drъgajita (dual imperative second-person)
drъgaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
drъgaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
drъgaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
drъgajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
drъgajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: дры́гаць (drýhacʹ)

Russian: дро́гать (drógatʹ, “to shake”), дры́гать (drýgatʹ, “to jerk”)

>? Ukrainian: дрига́ти (dryháty, “to mill”) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: дъ́ргам (dǎ́rgam, “to shake, to jolt”) (partially)

⇒ Serbo-Croatian: dŕhtati; dȑkati (“to masturbate”) (partially?)

⇒ Slovene: dŕgati; dȓkati (“to masturbate”) (partially?)

West Slavic:

Czech: drhati (“to tremble, shiver”) (rare)

Polish: drgać, drygać

Silesian: dyrgać

Slovak: drgať

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewg-/*dʰrewgʰ- (“to shake off, to drain”), related to Lithuanian drugỹs (“fever; butterfly”), Latvian drudzis (“fever”). Further akin to Proto-Germanic *druknijaną, *drūgijaną (“to dry”).
In some dialects, the descendants of *drъgati have merged with those of Proto-Slavic *dьrgati (“to scratch”).


blьsknǫti

East Slavic:

Russian: блеснуть (blesnutʹ)

Ukrainian: бли́снути (blýsnuty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: бльснѫти (blĭsnǫti)

Bulgarian: блъ́сна (blǎ́sna)

Macedonian: болсне (bolsne)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бле̏снути

Latin script: blȅsnuti

Slovene: bliskniti, blísniti

West Slavic:

Czech: blesknouti

Polish: błysnąć

Slovak: blesknúť

From the root of *blьščati (“to shine”) + *-nǫti.


blьščati

blьščanьje (noun-from-verb)
blьščati (infinitive)
blьščatъ (supine)
blьščalъ (l-participle)
blьščavъ (active participle past)
blьščę (active participle present)
blьščaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
blьšča (aorist second-person singular)
blьšča (aorist singular third-person)
blьščǫ (first-person present singular)
blьščiši (present second-person singular)
blьščitь (present singular third-person)
blьščaxově (aorist dual first-person)
blьščasta (aorist dual second-person)
blьščaste (aorist dual third-person)
blьščivě (dual first-person present)
blьščita (dual present second-person)
blьščite (dual present third-person)
blьščaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
blьščaste (aorist plural second-person)
blьščašę (aorist plural third-person)
blьščimъ (first-person plural present)
blьščite (plural present second-person)
blьščętь (plural present third-person)
blьščaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
blьščaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
blьščaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
blьšči (imperative second-person singular)
blьšči (imperative singular third-person)
blьščaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
blьščaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
blьščaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
blьščivě (dual first-person imperative)
blьščita (dual imperative second-person)
blьščaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
blьščaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
blьščaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
blьščimъ (first-person imperative plural)
blьščite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic: блисцати (bliscati)

Russian: блесте́ть (blestétʹ) (reanalyzed)

Ukrainian: блищати (blyščaty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: бльштати (blĭštati)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: блестя (blestja) (reanalyzed)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: блијештати

Latin script: blijéštati

Slovene: bléščati

West Slavic:

Czech: blyštěti

Old Polish: błyszczeć, błyszczeć się

Polish: błyszczeć

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: błysćaś

Upper Sorbian: błysćeć

From earlier *blьskěti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bliskēˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰliǵ-sk-eh₁-ti, from *bʰel- (“to shine”). Baltic cognates include Lithuanian blizgėti.


borti

bòrti (canonical)
b (accent-paradigm)
bortьje (noun-from-verb)
borti (infinitive)
bortъ (supine)
borlъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
bortъ (participle passive past)
bořemъ (participle passive present)
borvъ (active participle past)
bořę (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
borxъ (aorist first-person singular)
bor (aorist second-person singular)
bor (aorist singular third-person)
bořǫ (first-person present singular)
bořeši (present second-person singular)
bořetь (present singular third-person)
borxově (aorist dual first-person)
borsta (aorist dual second-person)
borste (aorist dual third-person)
bořevě (dual first-person present)
bořeta (dual present second-person)
bořete (dual present third-person)
borxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
borste (aorist plural second-person)
boršę (aorist plural third-person)
bořemъ (first-person plural present)
bořete (plural present second-person)
bořǫtь (plural present third-person)
bořaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
bořaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
bořaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
boři (imperative second-person singular)
boři (imperative singular third-person)
bořaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
bořaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
bořaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
bořivě (dual first-person imperative)
bořita (dual imperative second-person)
bořaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
bořaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
bořaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
bořimъ (first-person imperative plural)
bořite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: бороти (boroti)

⇒ Russian: боро́ться (borótʹsja)

Ukrainian: боро́ти (boróty), боро́тися (borótysja)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: брати (brati)

Bulgarian: бо́ря (bórja)

Serbo-Croatian: bòriti/бо̀рити

Slovene: borīti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Polabian: borot

Polish: bróć (dialectal)

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: wobróćso

Lower Sorbian: wobrojś

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bárˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH-.


kropiti

kropìti (canonical)
kropľenьje (noun-from-verb)
kropiti (infinitive)
kropitъ (supine)
kropilъ (l-participle)
kropľenъ (participle passive past)
kropimъ (participle passive present)
kropľь (active participle past)
kropę (active participle present)
kropixъ (aorist first-person singular)
kropi (aorist second-person singular)
kropi (aorist singular third-person)
kropľǫ (first-person present singular)
kropiši (present second-person singular)
kropitь (present singular third-person)
kropixově (aorist dual first-person)
kropista (aorist dual second-person)
kropiste (aorist dual third-person)
kropivě (dual first-person present)
kropita (dual present second-person)
kropite (dual present third-person)
kropixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
kropiste (aorist plural second-person)
kropišę (aorist plural third-person)
kropimъ (first-person plural present)
kropite (plural present second-person)
kropętь (plural present third-person)
kropľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
kropľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
kropľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
kropi (imperative second-person singular)
kropi (imperative singular third-person)
kropľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
kropľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
kropľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
kropivě (dual first-person imperative)
kropita (dual imperative second-person)
kropľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
kropľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
kropľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
kropimъ (first-person imperative plural)
kropite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: крапа́ць (krapácʹ)

Russian: кропи́ть (kropítʹ)

Ukrainian: кропи́ти (kropýty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: кропити (kropiti)

Glagolitic script: ⰽⱃⱁⱂⰻⱅⰻ (kropiti)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кро̀пити

Latin script: kròpiti

Slovene: kropīti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kropiti

Czech: kropit

Polish: kropić

Slovak: kropiť

Slovincian: krôpjic

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: kšopiś

Upper Sorbian: krjepić

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *krap-. Cognates with Latvian krẽpât (“to spit thick slime”), Lithuanian skrepliúoti (“to spit slime”).


bręknǫti

East Slavic:

Belarusian: бря́кнуць (brjáknucʹ)

Russian: бря́кнуть (brjáknutʹ) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: бря́кнути (brjáknuty)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: бре́кна (brékna) (dialectal)

Macedonian: бре́кна (brékna)

West Slavic:

Polish: brzęknąć

From *nabręknǫti

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: набре́кнути

Latin script: nabréknuti

From *zabręknǫti

Slovene: zabrę́kniti

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *brínktei, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrenk-. Cognate with Lithuanian brìnkti (“to swell, bloat, grow dry”), Old Norse bringa (“chest”).


bręždžati

bręždžanьje (noun-from-verb)
bręždžati (infinitive)
bręždžatъ (supine)
bręždžalъ (l-participle)
bręždžanъ (participle passive past)
bręždžajemъ (participle passive present)
bręždžavъ (active participle past)
bręždžaję (active participle present)
bręždžaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
bręždža (aorist second-person singular)
bręždža (aorist singular third-person)
bręždžajǫ (first-person present singular)
bręždžaješi (present second-person singular)
bręždžajetь (present singular third-person)
bręždžaxově (aorist dual first-person)
bręždžasta (aorist dual second-person)
bręždžaste (aorist dual third-person)
bręždžajevě (dual first-person present)
bręždžajeta (dual present second-person)
bręždžajete (dual present third-person)
bręždžaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
bręždžaste (aorist plural second-person)
bręždžašę (aorist plural third-person)
bręždžajemъ (first-person plural present)
bręždžajete (plural present second-person)
bręždžajǫtь (plural present third-person)
bręždžaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
bręždžaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
bręždžaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
bręždžaji (imperative second-person singular)
bręždžaji (imperative singular third-person)
bręždžaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
bręždžaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
bręždžaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
bręždžajivě (dual first-person imperative)
bręždžajita (dual imperative second-person)
bręždžaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
bręždžaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
bręždžaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
bręždžajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
bręždžajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: брѧжджати (brjaždžati)

desc

Russian: брязжать (brjazžatʹ, “to talk nonsense, jingle, strum”) (dialectal)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *brenzg-. Cognate with Lithuanian breñgzti (“to jingle”).


brediti

breďenьje (noun-from-verb)
brediti (infinitive)
breditъ (supine)
bredilъ (l-participle)
breďenъ (participle passive past)
bredimъ (participle passive present)
breďь (active participle past)
bredę (active participle present)
bredixъ (aorist first-person singular)
bredi (aorist second-person singular)
bredi (aorist singular third-person)
breďǫ (first-person present singular)
brediši (present second-person singular)
breditь (present singular third-person)
bredixově (aorist dual first-person)
bredista (aorist dual second-person)
brediste (aorist dual third-person)
bredivě (dual first-person present)
bredita (dual present second-person)
bredite (dual present third-person)
bredixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
brediste (aorist plural second-person)
bredišę (aorist plural third-person)
bredimъ (first-person plural present)
bredite (plural present second-person)
bredętь (plural present third-person)
breďaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
breďaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
breďaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
bredi (imperative second-person singular)
bredi (imperative singular third-person)
breďaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
breďaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
breďaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
bredivě (dual first-person imperative)
bredita (dual imperative second-person)
breďaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
breďaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
breďaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
bredimъ (first-person imperative plural)
bredite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: бре́дить (bréditʹ)

Ukrainian: бредити (bredyty)

West Slavic:

Czech: bředit (dialectal, reflexive)

Polish: brzedzić (obsolete)

Cognate with Lithuanian brẽdyti (“to chatter, deceive”), from Proto-Indo-European *brodnó- (“to rove, to wander”)


dьrbati

c (accent-paradigm)
dьrbanьje (noun-from-verb)
dьrbati (infinitive)
dьrbatъ (supine)
dьrbalъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
dьrbanъ (participle passive past)
dьrbajemъ (participle passive present)
dьrbavъ (active participle past)
dьrbaję (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
dьrbaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
dьrba (aorist second-person singular)
dьrba (aorist singular third-person)
dьrbajǫ (first-person present singular)
dьrbaješi (present second-person singular)
dьrbajetь (present singular third-person)
dьrbaxově (aorist dual first-person)
dьrbasta (aorist dual second-person)
dьrbaste (aorist dual third-person)
dьrbajevě (dual first-person present)
dьrbajeta (dual present second-person)
dьrbajete (dual present third-person)
dьrbaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
dьrbaste (aorist plural second-person)
dьrbašę (aorist plural third-person)
dьrbajemъ (first-person plural present)
dьrbajete (plural present second-person)
dьrbajǫtь (plural present third-person)
dьrbaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
dьrbaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
dьrbaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
dьrbaji (imperative second-person singular)
dьrbaji (imperative singular third-person)
dьrbaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
dьrbaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
dьrbaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
dьrbajivě (dual first-person imperative)
dьrbajita (dual imperative second-person)
dьrbaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
dьrbaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
dьrbaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
dьrbajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
dьrbajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Ukrainian: дербати (derbaty)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian: drpati, drapati

West Slavic:

Czech: drbat

Slovak: drbať


dьrnǫti

dьrgati (imperfective)
dьrnovenьje (noun-from-verb)
dьrnǫti (infinitive)
dьrnǫtъ (supine)
dьrnǫlъ (l-participle)
dьrnovenъ (participle passive past)
dьrnǫvъ (active participle past)
dьrnǫxъ (aorist first-person singular)
dьrnǫ (aorist second-person singular)
dьrnǫ (aorist singular third-person)
dьrnǫ (first-person present singular)
dьrneši (present second-person singular)
dьrnetь (present singular third-person)
dьrnǫxově (aorist dual first-person)
dьrnǫsta (aorist dual second-person)
dьrnǫste (aorist dual third-person)
dьrnevě (dual first-person present)
dьrneta (dual present second-person)
dьrnete (dual present third-person)
dьrnǫxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
dьrnǫste (aorist plural second-person)
dьrnǫšę (aorist plural third-person)
dьrnemъ (first-person plural present)
dьrnete (plural present second-person)
dьrnǫtь (plural present third-person)
dьrni (imperative second-person singular)
dьrni (imperative singular third-person)
dьrněvě (dual first-person imperative)
dьrněta (dual imperative second-person)
dьrněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
dьrněte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: дёрнуть (djórnutʹ)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: дръгна (drǎgna)

Macedonian: дргне (drgne)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: др̏нути

Latin script: dȑnuti

Slovene: dŕgniti

West Slavic:

Czech: drhnouti

⇒ Czech: drhnout

Polabian: dargnǫt

Polish: dzierzgnąć

⇒ Polish: zadzierzgnąć

Slovak: drhnúť

Slovincian: dzêrznõc

Formed as *dьrgati + *-nǫti, from Proto-Indo-European *derHgʰ-, likely an extension of Proto-Indo-European *derH- (“to tear”).


dьlbiti

dьlbľenьje (noun-from-verb)
dьlbiti (infinitive)
dьlbitъ (supine)
dьlbilъ (l-participle)
dьlbľenъ (participle passive past)
dьlbimъ (participle passive present)
dьlbľь (active participle past)
dьlbę (active participle present)
dьlbixъ (aorist first-person singular)
dьlbi (aorist second-person singular)
dьlbi (aorist singular third-person)
dьlbľǫ (first-person present singular)
dьlbiši (present second-person singular)
dьlbitь (present singular third-person)
dьlbixově (aorist dual first-person)
dьlbista (aorist dual second-person)
dьlbiste (aorist dual third-person)
dьlbivě (dual first-person present)
dьlbita (dual present second-person)
dьlbite (dual present third-person)
dьlbixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
dьlbiste (aorist plural second-person)
dьlbišę (aorist plural third-person)
dьlbimъ (first-person plural present)
dьlbite (plural present second-person)
dьlbętь (plural present third-person)
dьlbľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
dьlbľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
dьlbľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
dьlbi (imperative second-person singular)
dьlbi (imperative singular third-person)
dьlbľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
dьlbľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
dьlbľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
dьlbivě (dual first-person imperative)
dьlbita (dual imperative second-person)
dьlbľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
dьlbľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
dьlbľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
dьlbimъ (first-person imperative plural)
dьlbite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: долбі́ць (dolbícʹ)

Russian: долби́ть (dolbítʹ)

Ukrainian: довба́ти (dovbáty),

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ду́бити

Latin script: dúbiti

West Slavic:

Polish: dłubać

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰl̥bʰ-. Cognate with Proto-Germanic *delbaną (“to dig, hollow out”).


dьliti

dьľenьje (noun-from-verb)
dьliti (infinitive)
dьlitъ (supine)
dьlilъ (l-participle)
dьľenъ (participle passive past)
dьlimъ (participle passive present)
dьľь (active participle past)
dьlę (active participle present)
dьlixъ (aorist first-person singular)
dьli (aorist second-person singular)
dьli (aorist singular third-person)
dьľǫ (first-person present singular)
dьliši (present second-person singular)
dьlitь (present singular third-person)
dьlixově (aorist dual first-person)
dьlista (aorist dual second-person)
dьliste (aorist dual third-person)
dьlivě (dual first-person present)
dьlita (dual present second-person)
dьlite (dual present third-person)
dьlixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
dьliste (aorist plural second-person)
dьlišę (aorist plural third-person)
dьlimъ (first-person plural present)
dьlite (plural present second-person)
dьlętь (plural present third-person)
dьľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
dьľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
dьľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
dьli (imperative second-person singular)
dьli (imperative singular third-person)
dьľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
dьľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
dьľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
dьlivě (dual first-person imperative)
dьlita (dual imperative second-person)
dьľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
dьľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
dьľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
dьlimъ (first-person imperative plural)
dьlite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: дли́ть (dlítʹ) (dated)

South Slavic:

⇒ Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: продьлѭ (prodĭljǫ)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: dlíti

Czech: dlít

From *dl̥h₁-yé-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *delh₁- (“to split, to distribute”).


čьrpati

a (accent-paradigm)
čьrpanьje (noun-from-verb)
čьrpati (infinitive)
čьrpatъ (supine)
čьrpalъ (l-participle)
a (accent-paradigm)
čьrpanъ (participle passive past)
čьrpajemъ (participle passive present)
čьrpavъ (active participle past)
čьrpaję (active participle present)
a (accent-paradigm)
čьrpaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
čьrpa (aorist second-person singular)
čьrpa (aorist singular third-person)
čьrpajǫ (first-person present singular)
čьrpaješi (present second-person singular)
čьrpajetь (present singular third-person)
čьrpaxově (aorist dual first-person)
čьrpasta (aorist dual second-person)
čьrpaste (aorist dual third-person)
čьrpajevě (dual first-person present)
čьrpajeta (dual present second-person)
čьrpajete (dual present third-person)
čьrpaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
čьrpaste (aorist plural second-person)
čьrpašę (aorist plural third-person)
čьrpajemъ (first-person plural present)
čьrpajete (plural present second-person)
čьrpajǫtь (plural present third-person)
čьrpaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
čьrpaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
čьrpaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
čьrpaji (imperative second-person singular)
čьrpaji (imperative singular third-person)
čьrpaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
čьrpaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
čьrpaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
čьrpajivě (dual first-person imperative)
čьrpajita (dual imperative second-person)
čьrpaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
čьrpaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
čьrpaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
čьrpajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
čьrpajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: чьрпати (čĭrpati)

desc

Old Ruthenian: черпати (čerpati), черпать (čerpatʹ)

Belarusian: чэ́рпаць (čérpacʹ)

Ukrainian: черпа́ти (čerpáty)

desctree

Russian: че́рпать (čérpatʹ)
→ Esperanto: ĉerpi
Ido: cherpar

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

desc

Old Cyrillic script: чрьпати (črĭpati), чрѣти (črěti)

Glagolitic script: ⱍⱃⱑⱂⱙⱎⱅⰵ (črěpjǫšte)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: црпсти

Latin script: crpsti

Slovene: črpáti

West Slavic:

Czech: čerpat

Old Polish: czerpać
Polish: czerpać

Slovak: čеrраť

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: čеrраć

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kirp-, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kerp-. Cognate with Lithuanian kir̃pti.


gabati

gabanьje (noun-from-verb)
gabati (infinitive)
gabatъ (supine)
gabalъ (l-participle)
gabanъ (participle passive past)
gabajemъ (participle passive present)
gabavъ (active participle past)
gabaję (active participle present)
gabaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
gaba (aorist second-person singular)
gaba (aorist singular third-person)
gabajǫ (first-person present singular)
gabaješi (present second-person singular)
gabajetь (present singular third-person)
gabaxově (aorist dual first-person)
gabasta (aorist dual second-person)
gabaste (aorist dual third-person)
gabajevě (dual first-person present)
gabajeta (dual present second-person)
gabajete (dual present third-person)
gabaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
gabaste (aorist plural second-person)
gabašę (aorist plural third-person)
gabajemъ (first-person plural present)
gabajete (plural present second-person)
gabajǫtь (plural present third-person)
gabaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
gabaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
gabaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
gabaji (imperative second-person singular)
gabaji (imperative singular third-person)
gabaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
gabaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
gabaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
gabajivě (dual first-person imperative)
gabajita (dual imperative second-person)
gabaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
gabaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
gabaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
gabajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
gabajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: габа́ць (habácʹ)

Ukrainian: га́бати (hábaty)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: га́бам (gábam)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ха̏бати

Latin script: hȁbati

Slovene: gábati (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: habati

Old Polish: gabać

Polish: gabać (obsolete)

Slovak: habať


gajati

gajanьje (noun-from-verb)
gajati (infinitive)
gajatъ (supine)
gajalъ (l-participle)
gajanъ (participle passive past)
gajajemъ (participle passive present)
gajavъ (active participle past)
gajaję (active participle present)
gajaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
gaja (aorist second-person singular)
gaja (aorist singular third-person)
gajajǫ (first-person present singular)
gajaješi (present second-person singular)
gajajetь (present singular third-person)
gajaxově (aorist dual first-person)
gajasta (aorist dual second-person)
gajaste (aorist dual third-person)
gajajevě (dual first-person present)
gajajeta (dual present second-person)
gajajete (dual present third-person)
gajaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
gajaste (aorist plural second-person)
gajašę (aorist plural third-person)
gajajemъ (first-person plural present)
gajajete (plural present second-person)
gajajǫtь (plural present third-person)
gajaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
gajaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
gajaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
gajaji (imperative second-person singular)
gajaji (imperative singular third-person)
gajaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
gajaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
gajaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
gajajivě (dual first-person imperative)
gajajita (dual imperative second-person)
gajaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
gajaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
gajaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
gajajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
gajajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: гаꙗти (gajati, “to caw, croak”)

Russian: га́ять (gájatʹ, “to yawn, talk, scream, curse”) (dialectal)

Of onomatopoeic nature, formed as ga! + *-jati. Continues Proto-Balto-Slavic *gāˀi-, from Proto-Indo-European *g⁽ʷ⁾eH- (“to sing”). Cognate with Sanskrit गायति (gā́yati, “to sing”) and akin to Latvian dziêdât (“to sing”), Lithuanian giedóti (“to sing”). The Baltic forms are enlarged with *-d⁽ʰ⁾-.

onomatopoeic

onomatopoeic


ękati

ękanьje (noun-from-verb)
ękati (infinitive)
ękatъ (supine)
ękalъ (l-participle)
ękanъ (participle passive past)
ękajemъ (participle passive present)
ękavъ (active participle past)
ękaję (active participle present)
ękaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
ęka (aorist second-person singular)
ęka (aorist singular third-person)
ękajǫ (first-person present singular)
ękaješi (present second-person singular)
ękajetь (present singular third-person)
ękaxově (aorist dual first-person)
ękasta (aorist dual second-person)
ękaste (aorist dual third-person)
ękajevě (dual first-person present)
ękajeta (dual present second-person)
ękajete (dual present third-person)
ękaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
ękaste (aorist plural second-person)
ękašę (aorist plural third-person)
ękajemъ (first-person plural present)
ękajete (plural present second-person)
ękajǫtь (plural present third-person)
ękaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
ękaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
ękaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
ękaji (imperative second-person singular)
ękaji (imperative singular third-person)
ękaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
ękaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
ękaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
ękajivě (dual first-person imperative)
ękajita (dual imperative second-person)
ękaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
ękaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
ękaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
ękajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
ękajite (imperative plural second-person)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: е́цам (écam) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: jе́кати, jȅkati, јȅцати

Latin script: jékati, jȅkati, jȅcati

Slovene: jékati

West Slavic:

Czech: jekati

Kashubian: jikac sã

Old Polish: jąkać

Polish: jąkać

Slovincian: jãkac

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ink-. Cognate with Lithuanian inkštėti (“to stammer”),
Dutch janken, Latin uncāre.


jěti

West Slavic:

Czech: jet (“to ride, drive”)

Old Polish: jał (“rode”) 3sg.

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: jěś (“to ride”)

Upper Sorbian: jěć (“to ride”)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *jā́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *yéh₂-ti ~ *ih₂-énti, from *yeh₂- (“to go”).


čersti

čьrtenьje (noun-from-verb)
čersti (infinitive)
čerstъ (supine)
čьrtlъ (l-participle)
čьrtenъ (participle passive past)
čьrtomъ (participle passive present)
čьrtъ (active participle past)
čьrty (active participle present)
čьrtъ (aorist first-person singular)
čьrtoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
čьrte (aorist second-person singular)
čьrte (aorist singular third-person)
čьrtǫ (first-person present singular)
čьrteši (present second-person singular)
čьrtetь (present singular third-person)
čьrtově (aorist dual first-person)
čьrtoxově (aorist dual first-person)
čьrteta (aorist dual second-person)
čьrtosta (aorist dual second-person)
čьrtete (aorist dual third-person)
čьrtoste (aorist dual third-person)
čьrtevě (dual first-person present)
čьrteta (dual present second-person)
čьrtete (dual present third-person)
čьrtomъ (aorist first-person plural)
čьrtoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
čьrtete (aorist plural second-person)
čьrtoste (aorist plural second-person)
čьrtǫ (aorist plural third-person)
čьrtošę (aorist plural third-person)
čьrtemъ (first-person plural present)
čьrtete (plural present second-person)
čьrtǫtь (plural present third-person)
čьrtěaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
čьrtěaše (imperfect second-person singular)
čьrtěaše (imperfect singular third-person)
čьrti (imperative second-person singular)
čьrti (imperative singular third-person)
čьrtěaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
čьrtěašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
čьrtěašete (dual imperfect third-person)
čьrtěvě (dual first-person imperative)
čьrtěta (dual imperative second-person)
čьrtěaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
čьrtěašete (imperfect plural second-person)
čьrtěaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
čьrtěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
čьrtěte (imperative plural second-person)

Church Slavonic: чрѣсти (črěsti) (Russian)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *чьрсти (*čĭrsti)?, чьрту (čĭrtu, “to hew, slash”), очерести (očeresti)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

desc

Old Cyrillic script: очрѣсти (očrěsti, “to carve”)

Glagolitic script: ⱁⱍⱃⱑⱄⱅⰻ (očrěsti)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kert-, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kert-, extension of *(s)ker-.
Cognate with
Latvian cìrst (“to hew, slash”),
Lithuanian kir̃sti (“to hew, slash”),
Old High German scrintan (“to split, burst”),
Sanskrit कृन्तति (kṛntati, “to cut, split, break”).