kupiti

kupìti (canonical perfective)
kupovati (imperfective)
b (accent-paradigm)
kupľenьje (noun-from-verb)
kupiti (infinitive)
kupitъ (supine)
kupilъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
kupľenъ (participle passive past)
kupľь (active participle past)
b (accent-paradigm)
kupixъ (aorist first-person singular)
kupi (aorist second-person singular)
kupi (aorist singular third-person)
kupľǫ (first-person present singular)
kupiši (present second-person singular)
kupitь (present singular third-person)
kupixově (aorist dual first-person)
kupista (aorist dual second-person)
kupiste (aorist dual third-person)
kupivě (dual first-person present)
kupita (dual present second-person)
kupite (dual present third-person)
kupixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
kupiste (aorist plural second-person)
kupišę (aorist plural third-person)
kupimъ (first-person plural present)
kupite (plural present second-person)
kupętь (plural present third-person)
kupi (imperative second-person singular)
kupi (imperative singular third-person)
kupivě (dual first-person imperative)
kupita (dual imperative second-person)
kupimъ (first-person imperative plural)
kupite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: купити (kupiti)

Old Ruthenian: купи́ти (kupíti)

Belarusian: купі́ць (kupícʹ)

Ukrainian: купи́ти (kupýty)

Russian: купи́ть (kupítʹ)

⇒ Russenorsk: kopom

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: кꙋпити (kupiti)

q

via the agent noun <i class="Latn mention" lang="sla-pro">*kupьcь</i>

⇒ Romanian: precupeți (via the agent noun *kupьcь)

Bulgarian: ку́пя (kúpja)

Macedonian: купи (kupi)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ку́пити

Latin script: kúpiti

Slovene: kupīti, kúpiti

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kúpiti

Czech: koupit

Old Polish: kupić

Polish: kupić

Slovak: kúpiť

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: kupić

Lower Sorbian: kupiś

Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *kaupijaną (“to trade”) probably via Gothic (compare Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍀𐍉𐌽 (kaupōn)), itself from Latin caupō (“tradesman”), possibly ultimately from Hittite 𒄩𒀊𒉺𒅈 (ḫappar, “purchase, price”) (from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ep-). The Germanic lemma is also loaned in Finnish kaupita.


služiti

služìti (canonical)
b (accent-paradigm)
služenьje (noun-from-verb)
služiti (infinitive)
služitъ (supine)
služilъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
služenъ (participle passive past)
služimъ (participle passive present)
služь (active participle past)
služę (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
služixъ (aorist first-person singular)
služi (aorist second-person singular)
služi (aorist singular third-person)
služǫ (first-person present singular)
služiši (present second-person singular)
služitь (present singular third-person)
služixově (aorist dual first-person)
služista (aorist dual second-person)
služiste (aorist dual third-person)
služivě (dual first-person present)
služita (dual present second-person)
služite (dual present third-person)
služixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
služiste (aorist plural second-person)
služišę (aorist plural third-person)
služimъ (first-person plural present)
služite (plural present second-person)
služętь (plural present third-person)
služaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
služaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
služaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
služi (imperative second-person singular)
služi (imperative singular third-person)
služaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
služaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
služaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
služivě (dual first-person imperative)
služita (dual imperative second-person)
služaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
služaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
služaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
služimъ (first-person imperative plural)
služite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: служи́ти (služíti)

Old Ruthenian: служи́ти (služíti)

Belarusian: служы́ць (služýcʹ)

Ukrainian: служи́ти (služýty)

Middle Russian: служи́ти (služíti)

Russian: служи́ть (služítʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: слоужити (služiti)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⰾⱆⰶⰻⱅⰻ (služiti)

Bulgarian: слу́жа (slúža)

Macedonian: служи (služi)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: слу́жити

Latin script: slúžiti

Slovene: slúžiti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: slúžiti

Czech: sloužit

Polabian: *slauzĕt, slauzĕ

desctree

Old Polish: służyć
Polish: służyć
Silesian: sużyć

Slovak: slúžiť

Slovincian:

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: służëc

Slovincian: slëżëc

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: słužyś

Upper Sorbian: słužić


kuditi

kùditi (canonical imperfective)
a (accent-paradigm)
kuďenьje (noun-from-verb)
kuditi (infinitive)
kuditъ (supine)
kudilъ (l-participle)
a (accent-paradigm)
kuďenъ (participle passive past)
kudimъ (participle passive present)
kuďь (active participle past)
kudę (active participle present)
a (accent-paradigm)
kudixъ (aorist first-person singular)
kudi (aorist second-person singular)
kudi (aorist singular third-person)
kuďǫ (first-person present singular)
kudiši (present second-person singular)
kuditь (present singular third-person)
kudixově (aorist dual first-person)
kudista (aorist dual second-person)
kudiste (aorist dual third-person)
kudivě (dual first-person present)
kudita (dual present second-person)
kudite (dual present third-person)
kudixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
kudiste (aorist plural second-person)
kudišę (aorist plural third-person)
kudimъ (first-person plural present)
kudite (plural present second-person)
kudętь (plural present third-person)
kuďaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
kuďaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
kuďaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
kudi (imperative second-person singular)
kudi (imperative singular third-person)
kuďaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
kuďaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
kuďaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
kudivě (dual first-person imperative)
kudita (dual imperative second-person)
kuďaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
kuďaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
kuďaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
kudimъ (first-person imperative plural)
kudite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: кꙋдити (kuditi)

Russian: ку́дить (kúditʹ) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: коудити (kuditi)

desc

Bulgarian: ку́дя (kúdja) (dialectal, poetic)

⇒ Bulgarian: проку́дя (prokúdja)

Macedonian: куди (kudi)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ку̏дити

Latin script: kȕditi

Slovene: kúditi (tonal orthography) (obsolete)

West Slavic:

⇒ Polish: przekudzić (dialectal)

i

Slovak: kudiť (Jungmann's and Kott's dictionaries; archaic or dialectal)

From Proto-Indo-European *kowdéyeti, causative/iterative from the root *kewd-, or derived from *kudъ, *kudь, *kudo (“sorcery? evil spirit?”), from the same root. Cognate with Ancient Greek κυδάζω (kudázō, “to jeer at”), Old Norse hóta (“to threaten”), English hoot, Old High German hosc (“scorn, mockery”), Middle High German hiuzen (“to become impudent”), Sanskrit कुत्सयति (kutsáyati, “to scold”).


kajati

kàjati (canonical imperfective)
a (accent-paradigm)
kajanьje (noun-from-verb)
kajati (infinitive)
kajatъ (supine)
kajalъ (l-participle)
a (accent-paradigm)
kajanъ (participle passive past)
kajemъ (participle passive present)
kajavъ (active participle past)
kaję (active participle present)
a (accent-paradigm)
kajaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
kaja (aorist second-person singular)
kaja (aorist singular third-person)
kajǫ (first-person present singular)
kaješi (present second-person singular)
kajetь (present singular third-person)
kajaxově (aorist dual first-person)
kajasta (aorist dual second-person)
kajaste (aorist dual third-person)
kajevě (dual first-person present)
kajeta (dual present second-person)
kajete (dual present third-person)
kajaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
kajaste (aorist plural second-person)
kajašę (aorist plural third-person)
kajemъ (first-person plural present)
kajete (plural present second-person)
kajǫtь (plural present third-person)
kajaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
kajaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
kajaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
kaji (imperative second-person singular)
kaji (imperative singular third-person)
kajaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
kajaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
kajaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
kajivě (dual first-person imperative)
kajita (dual imperative second-person)
kajaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
kajaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
kajaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
kajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
kajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: каꙗти (kajati) (11th century), каꙗтисꙗ (kajatisja) (10th century)

Belarusian: ка́яцца (kájacca)

Russian: ка́яться (kájatʹsja) (see also ока́ять (okájatʹ))

desc

Ukrainian: ка́яти (kájaty), ка́ятися (kájatysja)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: каꙗти (kajati)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: ка̀я се (kàja se)

Macedonian: кае (kae)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ка̏јати

Latin script: kȁjati

Slovene: kájati (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: kát

Polish: kajać

Slovak: kajať

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: kać

Lower Sorbian: kajaś

Non-Slavic:

→ Romanian: căi

* Per Derksen, Vasmer and Chernykh, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷōy-, from the root *kʷey-. Cognate with *cěnà (“price, value”), which is an exact reflex of Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penance, penalty”), Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬉𐬥𐬁 (kaēnā, “penance, penalty, punishment, revenge”). Also cognate with Sanskrit चयते (cáyate, “to avenge, to punish”), Avestan 𐬐𐬁𐬌𐬌- (kāii-, “to repent”), 𐬗𐬌𐬐𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬝 (cikaiiat̰, “to cause to repent, to avenge, to punish”), Ancient Greek τίνω (tínō, “to cry, to repent”) (Homeric τῑ́νω (tī́nō)).
* Per Rix (LIV), cognate with *čàjati (“to expect, to wait”), from a different Proto-Indo-European root *kʷey- (“to perceive, to observe”) (this root is reconstructed as *kʷeh₁y- by Derksen).


zobati

zobanьje (noun-from-verb)
zobati (infinitive)
zobatъ (supine)
zobalъ (l-participle)
zobanъ (participle passive past)
zobľemъ (participle passive present)
zobavъ (active participle past)
zobľę (active participle present)
zobaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
zoba (aorist second-person singular)
zoba (aorist singular third-person)
zobľǫ (first-person present singular)
zobľeši (present second-person singular)
zobľetь (present singular third-person)
zobaxově (aorist dual first-person)
zobasta (aorist dual second-person)
zobaste (aorist dual third-person)
zobľevě (dual first-person present)
zobľeta (dual present second-person)
zobľete (dual present third-person)
zobaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
zobaste (aorist plural second-person)
zobašę (aorist plural third-person)
zobľemъ (first-person plural present)
zobľete (plural present second-person)
zobľǫtь (plural present third-person)
zobaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
zobaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
zobaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
zobľi (imperative second-person singular)
zobľi (imperative singular third-person)
zobaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
zobaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
zobaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
zobľivě (dual first-person imperative)
zobľita (dual imperative second-person)
zobaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
zobaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
zobaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
zobľimъ (first-person imperative plural)
zobľite (imperative plural second-person)
zobanьje (noun-from-verb)
zobati (infinitive)
zobatъ (supine)
zobalъ (l-participle)
zobanъ (participle passive past)
zobajemъ (participle passive present)
zobavъ (active participle past)
zobaję (active participle present)
zobaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
zoba (aorist second-person singular)
zoba (aorist singular third-person)
zobajǫ (first-person present singular)
zobaješi (present second-person singular)
zobajetь (present singular third-person)
zobaxově (aorist dual first-person)
zobasta (aorist dual second-person)
zobaste (aorist dual third-person)
zobajevě (dual first-person present)
zobajeta (dual present second-person)
zobajete (dual present third-person)
zobaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
zobaste (aorist plural second-person)
zobašę (aorist plural third-person)
zobajemъ (first-person plural present)
zobajete (plural present second-person)
zobajǫtь (plural present third-person)
zobaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
zobaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
zobaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
zobaji (imperative second-person singular)
zobaji (imperative singular third-person)
zobaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
zobaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
zobaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
zobajivě (dual first-person imperative)
zobajita (dual imperative second-person)
zobaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
zobaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
zobaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
zobajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
zobajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: зобати (zobati)

Russian: зоба́ть (zobátʹ)

South Slavic

⇒ Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: изоба (izoba)

desc

Bulgarian: зобя́ (zobjá), зо́бам (zóbam)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: зо̀бати

Latin script: zòbati

Slovene: zóbati (tonal orthography)

West Slavic

Czech: zobat

desctree

Old Polish: zobać
Polish: (partially) dziobać
→ Belarusian: дзю́баць (dzjúbacʹ)
→ Russian: дзю́бать (dzjúbatʹ) (dialectal)
→ Ukrainian: дзю́ба́ти (dzjúbáty)

Slovak: zobať


kasati

kasanьje (noun-from-verb)
kasati (infinitive)
kasatъ (supine)
kasalъ (l-participle)
kasanъ (participle passive past)
kasajemъ (participle passive present)
kasavъ (active participle past)
kasaję (active participle present)
kasaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
kasa (aorist second-person singular)
kasa (aorist singular third-person)
kasajǫ (first-person present singular)
kasaješi (present second-person singular)
kasajetь (present singular third-person)
kasaxově (aorist dual first-person)
kasasta (aorist dual second-person)
kasaste (aorist dual third-person)
kasajevě (dual first-person present)
kasajeta (dual present second-person)
kasajete (dual present third-person)
kasaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
kasaste (aorist plural second-person)
kasašę (aorist plural third-person)
kasajemъ (first-person plural present)
kasajete (plural present second-person)
kasajǫtь (plural present third-person)
kasaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
kasaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
kasaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
kasaji (imperative second-person singular)
kasaji (imperative singular third-person)
kasaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
kasaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
kasaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
kasajivě (dual first-person imperative)
kasajita (dual imperative second-person)
kasaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
kasaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
kasaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
kasajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
kasajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: касатисѧ (“to touch, to concern”)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: каса́ти (kasáti), каса́тисѧ (kasátisja)
>? Belarusian: каса́цца (kasácca) (dialectal)
⇒? Belarusian: адка́сывацца (adkásyvacca) (dialectal)
Ukrainian: каса́тися (kasátysja) (obsolete)

desc

Russian: каса́ться (kasátʹsja, “to touch, to concern”)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: касати сѧ (“to touch”)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: каса́е се (kasáe se, “(it) concerns”, 3sg.)

Macedonian: каса (kasa, “to trot”)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ка̏сати (“to trot, to walk quickly”)

Latin: kȁsati (“to trot, to walk quickly”)

Slovene: kasati (“to walk while shaking one's head (of horses)”)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kasati (“to roll up”)

Czech: kasat (“to roll up”)

Old Polish: kasać (“to fold back, to tuck up”)

Polish: kasać (“to grab, to prepare, to climb, to aspire”) (obsolete or dialectal)

Slovak: kasať (“to roll up”)

Slovincian: kasac

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: kasać (“to roll up”)

Lower Sorbian: kasaś (“to roll up, to lift”)

From the same root as *česàti (“to scratch, to comb”). Cognate with Lithuanian kasýti (“to scratch constantly”), Latvian kasît (“to scratch, to rake, to plane”). See *česàti for further cognates.


darovati

darovanьje (noun-from-verb)
darovati (infinitive)
darovatъ (supine)
darovalъ (l-participle)
darovavъ (active participle past)
daruję (active participle present)
darovaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
darova (aorist second-person singular)
darova (aorist singular third-person)
darujǫ (first-person present singular)
daruješi (present second-person singular)
darujetь (present singular third-person)
darovaxově (aorist dual first-person)
darovasta (aorist dual second-person)
darovaste (aorist dual third-person)
darujevě (dual first-person present)
darujeta (dual present second-person)
darujete (dual present third-person)
darovaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
darovaste (aorist plural second-person)
darovašę (aorist plural third-person)
darujemъ (first-person plural present)
darujete (plural present second-person)
darujǫtь (plural present third-person)
darovaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
darovaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
darovaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
daruji (imperative second-person singular)
daruji (imperative singular third-person)
darovaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
darovaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
darovaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
darujivě (dual first-person imperative)
darujita (dual imperative second-person)
darovaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
darovaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
darovaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
darujimъ (first-person imperative plural)
darujite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: даровати (darovati)

Belarusian: дараваць (daravacʹ)

Russian: дарова́ть (darovátʹ)

Ukrainian: дарува́ти (daruváty)

South Slavic:

desc

Old Church Slavonic: даровати (darovati)

Bulgarian: дару́вам (darúvam) (archaic)

Macedonian: да́рува (dáruva)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: даро̀вати

Latin script: daròvati

Slovene: darováti

West Slavic:

Old Czech: darovati

Czech: darovat

Polish: darować

Slovak: darovať

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: darować

Lower Sorbian: darowaś

From *darъ + *-ovati or *darъ + *-ati (u-stem).


skakati

skakàti (canonical imperfective)
skočiti (perfective)
b (accent-paradigm)
skakanьje (noun-from-verb)
skakati (infinitive)
skakatъ (supine)
skakalъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
skakanъ (participle passive past)
skakajemъ (participle passive present)
skakavъ (active participle past)
skakaję (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
skakaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
skaka (aorist second-person singular)
skaka (aorist singular third-person)
skakajǫ (first-person present singular)
skakaješi (present second-person singular)
skakajetь (present singular third-person)
skakaxově (aorist dual first-person)
skakasta (aorist dual second-person)
skakaste (aorist dual third-person)
skakajevě (dual first-person present)
skakajeta (dual present second-person)
skakajete (dual present third-person)
skakaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
skakaste (aorist plural second-person)
skakašę (aorist plural third-person)
skakajemъ (first-person plural present)
skakajete (plural present second-person)
skakajǫtь (plural present third-person)
skakaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
skakaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
skakaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
skakaji (imperative second-person singular)
skakaji (imperative singular third-person)
skakaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
skakaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
skakaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
skakajivě (dual first-person imperative)
skakajita (dual imperative second-person)
skakaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
skakaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
skakaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
skakajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
skakajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: скакати (skakati)

Old Ruthenian: скакати (skakati)

Belarusian: скака́ць (skakácʹ)

Ukrainian: скака́ти (skakáty)

Russian: скака́ть (skakátʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⱄⰽⰰⰽⰰⱅⰹ (skakati)

Old Cyrillic script: скакати (skakati)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ска́кати

Latin script: skákati

Slovene: skakáti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: skákati

Czech: skákat

Old Polish:

Polish: skakać

Old Slovak: skákať

Pannonian Rusyn: скакац (skakac)

Slovak: skákať

Polabian: skokat

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: skakaś

Upper Sorbian: skakać

An elongated ablaut of *skokъ (“leap”) + *-ati. Cognate with Proto-Germanic *skakkōną (“to shake”).


goniti

gonìti (canonical imperfective)
b (accent-paradigm)
goňenьje (noun-from-verb)
goniti (infinitive)
gonitъ (supine)
gonilъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
goňenъ (participle passive past)
gonimъ (participle passive present)
goňь (active participle past)
gonę (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
gonixъ (aorist first-person singular)
goni (aorist second-person singular)
goni (aorist singular third-person)
goňǫ (first-person present singular)
goniši (present second-person singular)
gonitь (present singular third-person)
gonixově (aorist dual first-person)
gonista (aorist dual second-person)
goniste (aorist dual third-person)
gonivě (dual first-person present)
gonita (dual present second-person)
gonite (dual present third-person)
gonixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
goniste (aorist plural second-person)
gonišę (aorist plural third-person)
gonimъ (first-person plural present)
gonite (plural present second-person)
gonętь (plural present third-person)
goňaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
goňaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
goňaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
goni (imperative second-person singular)
goni (imperative singular third-person)
goňaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
goňaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
goňaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
gonivě (dual first-person imperative)
gonita (dual imperative second-person)
goňaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
goňaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
goňaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
gonimъ (first-person imperative plural)
gonite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: гонити (goniti)

Belarusian: гані́ць (hanícʹ) (dialectal)

Russian: гони́ть (gonítʹ) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: гонити (honyty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: гонити (goniti)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: го́ня (gónja)

Macedonian: гони (goni)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: го̀нити

Latin script: gòniti

Slovene: gonīti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: honiti

Czech: honit

Kashubian: gònic

Polish: gonić

Silesian: gōnić

Slovak: honiť

Slovincian: gônjic

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: honić

Lower Sorbian: góniś

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gánīˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European gʷʰon-éye-ti, from *gʷʰen- (“to kill, strike”).
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian ganýti (“to graze, to pasture”), Latvian ganît (“to guard, to pasture”), Lithuanian giñti (“to chase, to drive”) (1sg. genù), also gìnti (1sg. ginù), Latvian dzìt (“to chase, to drive, to persecute”) (1sg. dzȩnu), Old Prussian guntwei (“to chase, to drive”). Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit हन्ति (hánti, “to strike, to kill”), Avestan 𐬘𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬙𐬌 (jainti), Ancient Greek θείνω (theínō, “to kill”), Albanian gjuaj (“to chase”), Old Irish gonaid (“to injure”).


voziti

vozìti (canonical)
b (accent-paradigm)
voženьje (noun-from-verb)
voziti (infinitive)
vozitъ (supine)
vozilъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
voženъ (participle passive past)
vozimъ (participle passive present)
vožь (active participle past)
vozę (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
vozixъ (aorist first-person singular)
vozi (aorist second-person singular)
vozi (aorist singular third-person)
vožǫ (first-person present singular)
voziši (present second-person singular)
vozitь (present singular third-person)
vozixově (aorist dual first-person)
vozista (aorist dual second-person)
voziste (aorist dual third-person)
vozivě (dual first-person present)
vozita (dual present second-person)
vozite (dual present third-person)
vozixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
voziste (aorist plural second-person)
vozišę (aorist plural third-person)
vozimъ (first-person plural present)
vozite (plural present second-person)
vozętь (plural present third-person)
vožaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
vožaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
vožaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
vozi (imperative second-person singular)
vozi (imperative singular third-person)
vožaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
vožaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
vožaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
vozivě (dual first-person imperative)
vozita (dual imperative second-person)
vožaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
vožaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
vožaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
vozimъ (first-person imperative plural)
vozite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: возити (voziti)

Belarusian: вазі́ць (vazícʹ)

Russian: вози́ть (vozítʹ)

Ukrainian: вози́ти (vozýty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: возити (voziti)

Glagolitic: ⰲⱁⰸⰺⱅⰺ (voziti)

Bulgarian: во́зя (vózja)

Macedonian: вози (vozi)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: во̀зити

Latin script: vòziti

Slovene: vozīti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: voziti

Czech: vozit

Old Polish: wozić

Polish: wozić

Slovak: voziť

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: wozyć

Lower Sorbian: wózyś

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wáźīˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *woǵʰéyeti, from *weǵʰ-.


grabiti

gràbiti (canonical imperfective)
a (accent-paradigm)
grabľenьje (noun-from-verb)
grabiti (infinitive)
grabitъ (supine)
grabilъ (l-participle)
a (accent-paradigm)
grabľenъ (participle passive past)
grabimъ (participle passive present)
grabľь (active participle past)
grabę (active participle present)
a (accent-paradigm)
grabixъ (aorist first-person singular)
grabi (aorist second-person singular)
grabi (aorist singular third-person)
grabľǫ (first-person present singular)
grabiši (present second-person singular)
grabitь (present singular third-person)
grabixově (aorist dual first-person)
grabista (aorist dual second-person)
grabiste (aorist dual third-person)
grabivě (dual first-person present)
grabita (dual present second-person)
grabite (dual present third-person)
grabixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
grabiste (aorist plural second-person)
grabišę (aorist plural third-person)
grabimъ (first-person plural present)
grabite (plural present second-person)
grabętь (plural present third-person)
grabľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
grabľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
grabľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
grabi (imperative second-person singular)
grabi (imperative singular third-person)
grabľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
grabľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
grabľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
grabivě (dual first-person imperative)
grabita (dual imperative second-person)
grabľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
grabľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
grabľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
grabimъ (first-person imperative plural)
grabite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: грабити (grabiti)

Belarusian: гра́біць (hrábicʹ)

Russian: гра́бить (grábitʹ)

Ukrainian: грабува́ти (hrabuváty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: грабити (grabiti)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: гра́бя (grábja)

Macedonian: граби (grabi)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: гра̏бити

Latin script: grȁbiti

Slovene: grábiti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: hrabit (dialectal)

Polish: grabić

Slovincian: grabjic

Non-Slavic:

→ Albanian: grabit

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *grā́ˀbīˀtei.
* Per Derksen, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrob-éye-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreb-; meanings "to rake" in daughter languages from confusion with the root *gʰrebʰ- (see Proto-Slavic *gretì (“to dig, to rake, to scrape”)). Baltic cognates include Lithuanian gróbti (“to seize”), Latvian grābt (“to seize”). Indo-European cognates include Old Norse grápa (“to seize”). The same confusion appears to have happened elsewhere; compare Sanskrit गृह्णाति (gṛhṇā́ti), गृभ्णाति (gṛbhṇā́ti, “to seize, to hold, to take”). Avestan: grab- ‘to grab, seize, take’, Old Persian: grab- ‘to seize (as possesion), Persian گرفتن (gereftan), پذیرفتن (paziroftan). English grab vs. Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽 (graban, “to dig”), all of which come from *gʰrebʰ-. Derksen does not derive this verb from *gʰrebʰ- due to Winter's law, which is required to produce the acute *-a- of the Slavic root but would not operate in *gʰrebʰ-.
* Per Vasmer, Chernykh and Trubachev, this verb in fact derives from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrob-éye-ti, from *gʰreb-; see also Proto-Slavic *gretì. Chernykh describes it as the causative of *gretì.
* Per Rix (LIV), probably from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrobh₂-éye-ti, from *gʰrebh₂-, which allows for Winter's law and also accounts for the Sanskrit -(b)h- (but still doesn't account for the Germanic forms, which are supposed to derive from a different root *gʰrebʰ-).


svirati

sviranьje (noun-from-verb)
svirati (infinitive)
sviratъ (supine)
sviralъ (l-participle)
sviravъ (active participle past)
svirę (active participle present)
sviraxъ (aorist first-person singular)
svira (aorist second-person singular)
svira (aorist singular third-person)
sviřǫ (first-person present singular)
sviriši (present second-person singular)
sviritь (present singular third-person)
sviraxově (aorist dual first-person)
svirasta (aorist dual second-person)
sviraste (aorist dual third-person)
svirivě (dual first-person present)
svirita (dual present second-person)
svirite (dual present third-person)
sviraxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
sviraste (aorist plural second-person)
svirašę (aorist plural third-person)
svirimъ (first-person plural present)
svirite (plural present second-person)
svirętь (plural present third-person)
sviraaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
sviraaše (imperfect second-person singular)
sviraaše (imperfect singular third-person)
sviri (imperative second-person singular)
sviri (imperative singular third-person)
sviraaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
sviraašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
sviraašete (dual imperfect third-person)
svirivě (dual first-person imperative)
svirita (dual imperative second-person)
sviraaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
sviraašete (imperfect plural second-person)
sviraaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
svirimъ (first-person imperative plural)
svirite (imperative plural second-person)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: свирати (svirati)

Bulgarian: свиря (svirja)

Macedonian: свири (sviri)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сви́рати

Latin script: svírati

Slovene: svȋrati (tonal orthography)

Probably from *(s)kvьrъ + *-ěti, itself of onomatopoeic origin.


nuditi

nùditi (canonical)
nuďenьje (noun-from-verb)
nuditi (infinitive)
nuditъ (supine)
nudilъ (l-participle)
nuďenъ (participle passive past)
nudimъ (participle passive present)
nuďь (active participle past)
nudę (active participle present)
nudixъ (aorist first-person singular)
nudi (aorist second-person singular)
nudi (aorist singular third-person)
nuďǫ (first-person present singular)
nudiši (present second-person singular)
nuditь (present singular third-person)
nudixově (aorist dual first-person)
nudista (aorist dual second-person)
nudiste (aorist dual third-person)
nudivě (dual first-person present)
nudita (dual present second-person)
nudite (dual present third-person)
nudixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
nudiste (aorist plural second-person)
nudišę (aorist plural third-person)
nudimъ (first-person plural present)
nudite (plural present second-person)
nudętь (plural present third-person)
nuďaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
nuďaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
nuďaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
nudi (imperative second-person singular)
nudi (imperative singular third-person)
nuďaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
nuďaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
nuďaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
nudivě (dual first-person imperative)
nudita (dual imperative second-person)
nuďaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
nuďaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
nuďaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
nudimъ (first-person imperative plural)
nudite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: нꙋдити (nuditi)

Belarusian: нудзі́ць (nudzícʹ)

Russian: ну́дить (núditʹ) (archaic)

Ukrainian: нуди́ти (nudýty)

→ Polish: nudzić

→ Czech: nudit

→ Slovak: nudiť

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: ноудити (nuditi), нѫдити (nǫditi)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: ну́дя (núdja) (archaic)

⇒ Bulgarian: прину́дя (prinúdja)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ну̏дити

Latin script: nȕditi

Slovene: núditi (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Polish: nędzić

Polish: nędzić (obsolete)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *nūˀ(d)-, from Proto-Indo-European *new- (“to assent to”).


bosti

bostì (canonical)
c (accent-paradigm)
bodenьje (noun-from-verb)
bosti (infinitive)
bostъ (supine)
bodlъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
bodenъ (participle passive past)
bodomъ (participle passive present)
bodъ (active participle past)
body (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
bodъ (aorist first-person singular)
bodoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
bode (aorist second-person singular)
bode (aorist singular third-person)
bodǫ (first-person present singular)
bodeši (present second-person singular)
bodetь (present singular third-person)
bodově (aorist dual first-person)
bodoxově (aorist dual first-person)
bodeta (aorist dual second-person)
bodosta (aorist dual second-person)
bodete (aorist dual third-person)
bodoste (aorist dual third-person)
bodevě (dual first-person present)
bodeta (dual present second-person)
bodete (dual present third-person)
bodomъ (aorist first-person plural)
bodoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
bodete (aorist plural second-person)
bodoste (aorist plural second-person)
bodǫ (aorist plural third-person)
bodošę (aorist plural third-person)
bodemъ (first-person plural present)
bodete (plural present second-person)
bodǫtь (plural present third-person)
boděaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
boděaše (imperfect second-person singular)
boděaše (imperfect singular third-person)
bodi (imperative second-person singular)
bodi (imperative singular third-person)
boděaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
boděašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
boděašete (dual imperfect third-person)
boděvě (dual first-person imperative)
boděta (dual imperative second-person)
boděaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
boděašete (imperfect plural second-person)
boděaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
boděmъ (first-person imperative plural)
boděte (imperative plural second-person)
c (accent-paradigm)
bodenьje (noun-from-verb)
bosti (infinitive)
bostъ (supine)
bodlъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
bodenъ (participle passive past)
bodomъ (participle passive present)
bodъ (active participle past)
body (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
basъ (aorist first-person singular)
bode (aorist second-person singular)
bode (aorist singular third-person)
bodǫ (first-person present singular)
bodeši (present second-person singular)
bodetь (present singular third-person)
basově (aorist dual first-person)
basta (aorist dual second-person)
baste (aorist dual third-person)
bodevě (dual first-person present)
bodeta (dual present second-person)
bodete (dual present third-person)
basomъ (aorist first-person plural)
baste (aorist plural second-person)
basę (aorist plural third-person)
bodemъ (first-person plural present)
bodete (plural present second-person)
bodǫtь (plural present third-person)
boděaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
boděaše (imperfect second-person singular)
boděaše (imperfect singular third-person)
bodi (imperative second-person singular)
bodi (imperative singular third-person)
boděaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
boděašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
boděašete (dual imperfect third-person)
boděvě (dual first-person imperative)
boděta (dual imperative second-person)
boděaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
boděašete (imperfect plural second-person)
boděaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
boděmъ (first-person imperative plural)
boděte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: бость (bostʹ) (Smolensk), бости́ (bostí) (Kaliningrad Oblast)

Ukrainian: бости́ (bostý)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: бости (bosti)

Bulgarian: бода́ (bodá)

Macedonian: боде (bode)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бо̏сти

Latin script: bȍsti

Slovene: bósti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: bósti

Czech: bůst (poetic)

Polabian: büst

Polish: bóść

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: bosć

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bestei, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰedʰh₂-é-ti. Cognate with Latvian best, Lithuanian bèsti, Old Prussian embaddusisi. Further related to Latin fodiō (“to pierce, to dig”), Hittite 𒁁𒁕𒀀𒄿 (“to dig”).


prositi

prosìti (canonical)
b (accent-paradigm)
prošenьje (noun-from-verb)
prositi (infinitive)
prositъ (supine)
prosilъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
prošenъ (participle passive past)
prosimъ (participle passive present)
prošь (active participle past)
prosę (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
prosixъ (aorist first-person singular)
prosi (aorist second-person singular)
prosi (aorist singular third-person)
prošǫ (first-person present singular)
prosiši (present second-person singular)
prositь (present singular third-person)
prosixově (aorist dual first-person)
prosista (aorist dual second-person)
prosiste (aorist dual third-person)
prosivě (dual first-person present)
prosita (dual present second-person)
prosite (dual present third-person)
prosixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
prosiste (aorist plural second-person)
prosišę (aorist plural third-person)
prosimъ (first-person plural present)
prosite (plural present second-person)
prosętь (plural present third-person)
prošaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
prošaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
prošaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
prosi (imperative second-person singular)
prosi (imperative singular third-person)
prošaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
prošaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
prošaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
prosivě (dual first-person imperative)
prosita (dual imperative second-person)
prošaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
prošaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
prošaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
prosimъ (first-person imperative plural)
prosite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: просити (prositi)

Old Ruthenian: проси́ти (prosíti)

Belarusian: прасі́ць (prasícʹ)

Ukrainian: проси́ти (prosýty)

Russian: проси́ть (prosítʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: просити (prositi)

Bulgarian: про́ся (prósja)

Macedonian: про́си (prósi)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: про̀сити

Latin script: pròsiti

Slovene: prósiti

West Slavic:

Old Czech: prositi
Czech: prosit

desctree

Old Polish: prosić
Polish: prosić
Silesian: prosić

Slovak: prosiť

Polabian: prüsĕt

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: prosëc

Slovincian: prôsëc

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: pšosyś

Upper Sorbian: prosyć

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *práśīˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *proḱ-éye-ti, causative of *preḱ-.


kositi

kosìti (canonical imperfective)
c (accent-paradigm)
košenьje (noun-from-verb)
kositi (infinitive)
kositъ (supine)
kosilъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
košenъ (participle passive past)
kosimъ (participle passive present)
košь (active participle past)
kosę (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
kosixъ (aorist first-person singular)
kosi (aorist second-person singular)
kosi (aorist singular third-person)
košǫ (first-person present singular)
kosiši (present second-person singular)
kositь (present singular third-person)
kosixově (aorist dual first-person)
kosista (aorist dual second-person)
kosiste (aorist dual third-person)
kosivě (dual first-person present)
kosita (dual present second-person)
kosite (dual present third-person)
kosixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
kosiste (aorist plural second-person)
kosišę (aorist plural third-person)
kosimъ (first-person plural present)
kosite (plural present second-person)
kosętь (plural present third-person)
košaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
košaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
košaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
kosi (imperative second-person singular)
kosi (imperative singular third-person)
košaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
košaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
košaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
kosivě (dual first-person imperative)
kosita (dual imperative second-person)
košaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
košaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
košaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
kosimъ (first-person imperative plural)
kosite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: касі́ць (kasícʹ)

Russian: коси́ть (kosítʹ)

Ukrainian: коси́ти (kosýty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: косити (kositi)

Bulgarian: кося́ (kosjá), ко́ся (kósja) (in Western dialects)

Macedonian: коси (kosi)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ко́сити

Latin script: kósiti

Slovene: kosīti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: kosit

Polish: kosić

Slovak: kosiť

Reflects the causative Proto-Indo-European *kos-eyé-ti of Proto-Indo-European *ḱes- (“to castrate”)/*kes- (“to scratch, to comb”), equivalent to *kosъ (“skew, slanted”) + *-iti. Possibly akin to Latin careō (“to lack, to be separated”), Latin castrō (“to castrate, to prune”).

cog

(by abstraction) → to regret, to repent

to curve, to slant, to fold, to prepare for mowing


lajati

làjati (canonical imperfective)
a (accent-paradigm)
lajanьje (noun-from-verb)
lajati (infinitive)
lajatъ (supine)
lajalъ (l-participle)
a (accent-paradigm)
lajanъ (participle passive past)
lajemъ (participle passive present)
lajavъ (active participle past)
laję (active participle present)
a (accent-paradigm)
lajaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
laja (aorist second-person singular)
laja (aorist singular third-person)
lajǫ (first-person present singular)
laješi (present second-person singular)
lajetь (present singular third-person)
lajaxově (aorist dual first-person)
lajasta (aorist dual second-person)
lajaste (aorist dual third-person)
lajevě (dual first-person present)
lajeta (dual present second-person)
lajete (dual present third-person)
lajaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
lajaste (aorist plural second-person)
lajašę (aorist plural third-person)
lajemъ (first-person plural present)
lajete (plural present second-person)
lajǫtь (plural present third-person)
lajaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
lajaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
lajaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
laji (imperative second-person singular)
laji (imperative singular third-person)
lajaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
lajaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
lajaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
lajivě (dual first-person imperative)
lajita (dual imperative second-person)
lajaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
lajaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
lajaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
lajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
lajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: лаꙗти (lajati)

Belarusian: ла́яць (lájacʹ)

Russian: ла́ять (lájatʹ)

Ukrainian: ла́яти (lájaty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: лаꙗти (lajati)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: ла́я (lája)

Macedonian: лае (lae)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ла̏јати

Latin script: lȁjati

Slovene: lȃjati (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: láti

Czech: lát

Old Polish: łajać

Polish: łajać

Slovak: láť

Slovincian: lajac

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: łajaś

From earlier *lati, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *lā́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂-. Indo-European cognates include Latin lātrō (“to bark”), and possibly Sanskrit रायटी (rā́yati, “to bark”).


lajati

lajanьje (noun-from-verb)
lajati (infinitive)
lajatъ (supine)
lajalъ (l-participle)
lajanъ (participle passive past)
lajemъ (participle passive present)
lajavъ (active participle past)
laję (active participle present)
lajaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
laja (aorist second-person singular)
laja (aorist singular third-person)
lajǫ (first-person present singular)
laješi (present second-person singular)
lajetь (present singular third-person)
lajaxově (aorist dual first-person)
lajasta (aorist dual second-person)
lajaste (aorist dual third-person)
lajevě (dual first-person present)
lajeta (dual present second-person)
lajete (dual present third-person)
lajaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
lajaste (aorist plural second-person)
lajašę (aorist plural third-person)
lajemъ (first-person plural present)
lajete (plural present second-person)
lajǫtь (plural present third-person)
lajaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
lajaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
lajaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
laji (imperative second-person singular)
laji (imperative singular third-person)
lajaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
lajaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
lajaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
lajivě (dual first-person imperative)
lajita (dual imperative second-person)
lajaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
lajaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
lajaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
lajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
lajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: лаꙗти (lajati)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: лаꙗти (lajati)

* Derksen: From Proto-Indo-European *leh₂-. Cognates include Latin latēre (“to lie hidden”) and Ancient Greek λήθω (lḗthō, “to lie hidden”).
* Trubačev: Variant of *lakati.


kapati

kàpati (canonical imperfective)
kapnǫti (perfective)
a (accent-paradigm)
kapanьje (noun-from-verb)
kapati (infinitive)
kapatъ (supine)
kapalъ (l-participle)
a (accent-paradigm)
kapanъ (participle passive past)
kapľemъ (participle passive present)
kapavъ (active participle past)
kapľę (active participle present)
a (accent-paradigm)
kapaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
kapa (aorist second-person singular)
kapa (aorist singular third-person)
kapľǫ (first-person present singular)
kapľeši (present second-person singular)
kapľetь (present singular third-person)
kapaxově (aorist dual first-person)
kapasta (aorist dual second-person)
kapaste (aorist dual third-person)
kapľevě (dual first-person present)
kapľeta (dual present second-person)
kapľete (dual present third-person)
kapaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
kapaste (aorist plural second-person)
kapašę (aorist plural third-person)
kapľemъ (first-person plural present)
kapľete (plural present second-person)
kapľǫtь (plural present third-person)
kapaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
kapaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
kapaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
kapľi (imperative second-person singular)
kapľi (imperative singular third-person)
kapaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
kapaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
kapaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
kapľivě (dual first-person imperative)
kapľita (dual imperative second-person)
kapaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
kapaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
kapaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
kapľimъ (first-person imperative plural)
kapľite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: ка́паць (kápacʹ)

Russian: ка́пать (kápatʹ)

Ukrainian: ка́пати (kápaty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: капати (kapati)

Bulgarian: ка́пя (kápja)

Macedonian: капе (kape)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ка̏пати

Latin script: kȁpati

Slovene: kápati (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: kapat

Kashubian: kapac

Polish: kapać

Either of onomatopaeic origin (from the sound made by dripping water cap!) or an enlonged grade of Proto-Slavic *kopati (“to dig, to ditch”), akin to Lithuanian kapóti (“to hack, to chop”), Latvian kapât (“to chop”), and Ancient Greek κόπτω (kóptō, “to strike, to shake”). Often compared to Proto-Indo-Iranian *kapʰas (“phlegm, mucus”), which however may be from non-Indo-European substratum.


čistiti

čìstiti (canonical)
a (accent-paradigm)
čìsťenьje (noun-from-verb)
čistiti (infinitive)
čistitъ (supine)
čìstilъ (l-participle)
a (accent-paradigm)
čìsťenъ (participle passive past)
čìstimъ (participle passive present)
čìsťь (active participle past)
čìstę (active participle present)
a (accent-paradigm)
čìstixъ (aorist first-person singular)
čìsti (aorist second-person singular)
čìsti (aorist singular third-person)
čìsťǫ (first-person present singular)
čìstiši (present second-person singular)
čìstitь (present singular third-person)
čìstixově (aorist dual first-person)
čìstista (aorist dual second-person)
čìstiste (aorist dual third-person)
čìstivě (dual first-person present)
čìstita (dual present second-person)
čìstite (dual present third-person)
čìstixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
čìstiste (aorist plural second-person)
čìstišę (aorist plural third-person)
čìstimъ (first-person plural present)
čìstite (plural present second-person)
čìstętь (plural present third-person)
čìsťaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
čìsťaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
čìsťaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
čìsti (imperative second-person singular)
čìsti (imperative singular third-person)
čìsťaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
čìsťaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
čìsťaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
čìstivě (dual first-person imperative)
čìstita (dual imperative second-person)
čìsťaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
čìsťaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
čìsťaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
čìstimъ (first-person imperative plural)
čìstite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: чы́сціць (čýscicʹ)

desctree

Russian: чи́стить (čístitʹ)
→ Kildin Sami: чисстэ (čisste)
→ Skolt Sami: čiistâd

Ukrainian: чи́стити (čýstyty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: чистити (čistiti)

Glagolitic script: ⱍⰻⱄⱅⰻⱅⰻ (čistiti)

Bulgarian: чи́стя (čístja)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чи̏стити

Latin script: čȉstiti

Slovene: čístiti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: čistiti

Czech: čistit

Polish: czyścić

Slovak: čistiť


počivati

počinǫti (perfective)
počivatьje (noun-from-verb)
počivati (infinitive)
počivatъ (supine)
počivalъ (l-participle)
počivatъ (participle passive past)
počivajemъ (participle passive present)
počivavъ (active participle past)
počivaję (active participle present)
počivaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
počiva (aorist second-person singular)
počiva (aorist singular third-person)
počivajǫ (first-person present singular)
počivaješi (present second-person singular)
počivajetь (present singular third-person)
počivaxově (aorist dual first-person)
počivasta (aorist dual second-person)
počivaste (aorist dual third-person)
počivajevě (dual first-person present)
počivajeta (dual present second-person)
počivajete (dual present third-person)
počivaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
počivaste (aorist plural second-person)
počivašę (aorist plural third-person)
počivajemъ (first-person plural present)
počivajete (plural present second-person)
počivajǫtь (plural present third-person)
počivaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
počivaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
počivaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
počivaji (imperative second-person singular)
počivaji (imperative singular third-person)
počivaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
počivaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
počivaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
počivajivě (dual first-person imperative)
počivajita (dual imperative second-person)
počivaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
počivaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
počivaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
počivajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
počivajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: почива́ть (počivátʹ)

Ukrainian: почива́ти (počyváty)

South Slavic:

desc

Old Church Slavonic: почивати (počivati)

Bulgarian: почи́вам (počívam)

Macedonian: почива (počiva)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: почѝвати

Latin script: počìvati

Slovene: počívati (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Polish: poczywać

Polish: odpoczywać

Slovak: odpočívať

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: wótpočywaś

Upper Sorbian: wotpočować

Iterative of *počiti (“to rest”) + *-vati, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷyeh₁-. Probably originally meaning to repose, to stay still - a meaning attested in Indo-European cognates such as Latin quiēscō (“to repose, to rest”), Proto-Germanic *hwīlāną (“to pause for a while”).


groziti

grozìti (canonical imperfective)
c (accent-paradigm)
groženьje (noun-from-verb)
groziti (infinitive)
grozitъ (supine)
grozilъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
groženъ (participle passive past)
grozimъ (participle passive present)
grožь (active participle past)
grozę (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
grozixъ (aorist first-person singular)
grozi (aorist second-person singular)
grozi (aorist singular third-person)
grožǫ (first-person present singular)
groziši (present second-person singular)
grozitь (present singular third-person)
grozixově (aorist dual first-person)
grozista (aorist dual second-person)
groziste (aorist dual third-person)
grozivě (dual first-person present)
grozita (dual present second-person)
grozite (dual present third-person)
grozixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
groziste (aorist plural second-person)
grozišę (aorist plural third-person)
grozimъ (first-person plural present)
grozite (plural present second-person)
grozętь (plural present third-person)
grožaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
grožaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
grožaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
grozi (imperative second-person singular)
grozi (imperative singular third-person)
grožaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
grožaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
grožaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
grozivě (dual first-person imperative)
grozita (dual imperative second-person)
grožaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
grožaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
grožaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
grozimъ (first-person imperative plural)
grozite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: грозити (groziti) (10th century)

Belarusian: гразі́ць (hrazícʹ)

Russian: грози́ть (grozítʹ)

Ukrainian: грози́ти (hrozýty)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: грозя́ (grozjá)

Macedonian: грози (grozi)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: гро̀зити, гро́зити

Latin: gròziti, gróziti

Slovene: grozīti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: hrozit

Polish: grozić

Slovak: hroziť

Slovincian: grôzëc

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: hrozyć

Lower Sorbian: grozyś

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *graź-. Cognate with Lithuanian gražóti (“to threaten”), Latvian gręzôt (“to threaten”). Vasmer adds as possible candidates Ancient Greek γοργός (gorgós, “terrible”), Γοργώ (Gorgṓ, “gorgon”), Irish garg, gargg (“harsh, wild”), gráin (“disgrace”) < *gragnis; however, Derksen rejects the comparison with γοργός (gorgós) as "formally impossible". Chernykh notes that Lithuanian grasà (“threat”), grasùs (“threatening”), grasìnti (“to threaten”) are often given as cognates, but the comparison is difficult because of the mismatch between Lithuanian s and Slavic *z.


kaditi

kadìti (canonical imperfective)
c (accent-paradigm)
kaďenьje (noun-from-verb)
kaditi (infinitive)
kaditъ (supine)
kadilъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
kaďenъ (participle passive past)
kadimъ (participle passive present)
kaďь (active participle past)
kadę (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
kadixъ (aorist first-person singular)
kadi (aorist second-person singular)
kadi (aorist singular third-person)
kaďǫ (first-person present singular)
kadiši (present second-person singular)
kaditь (present singular third-person)
kadixově (aorist dual first-person)
kadista (aorist dual second-person)
kadiste (aorist dual third-person)
kadivě (dual first-person present)
kadita (dual present second-person)
kadite (dual present third-person)
kadixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
kadiste (aorist plural second-person)
kadišę (aorist plural third-person)
kadimъ (first-person plural present)
kadite (plural present second-person)
kadętь (plural present third-person)
kaďaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
kaďaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
kaďaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
kadi (imperative second-person singular)
kadi (imperative singular third-person)
kaďaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
kaďaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
kaďaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
kadivě (dual first-person imperative)
kadita (dual imperative second-person)
kaďaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
kaďaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
kaďaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
kadimъ (first-person imperative plural)
kadite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: кадити (kaditi)

Old Ruthenian: кадити (kaditi)

Belarusian: кадзі́ць (kadzícʹ)

Ukrainian: кади́ти (kadýty)

Russian: кади́ть (kadítʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⰽⰰⰴⰻⱅⰻ (kaditi)

Old Cyrillic script: кадити (kaditi)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ка́дити

Latin script: káditi

Slovene: kadīti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kaditi

desc

Czech: kadit (“to defecate”) (colloquial)

Old Polish: kadzić

Polish: kadzić

Slovak: kadiť

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: kadźić

Lower Sorbian: kaźiś

* Per Derksen, unclear. Derksen reconstructs a putative Proto-Indo-European form *kōd- or *kʷōd- based on Slavic evidence alone.
* Vasmer suggests as cognates Old Prussian accodis (“chimney”), as well as possibly Lithuanian kadagỹs (“juniper”), Old Prussian kadegis (“juniper”), Ancient Greek κέδρος (kédros, “cedar”), Albanian ḱem (“soot”), but other origins are also suggested for these words (e.g. the Baltic words may be borrowed from Finno-Ugric).


davati

dāvàti (canonical imperfective)
dati (perfective)
davanьje (noun-from-verb)
davati (infinitive)
davatъ (supine)
davalъ (l-participle)
davanъ (participle passive past)
davajemъ (participle passive present)
davavъ (active participle past)
davaję (active participle present)
davaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
dava (aorist second-person singular)
dava (aorist singular third-person)
davajǫ (first-person present singular)
davaješi (present second-person singular)
davajetь (present singular third-person)
davaxově (aorist dual first-person)
davasta (aorist dual second-person)
davaste (aorist dual third-person)
davajevě (dual first-person present)
davajeta (dual present second-person)
davajete (dual present third-person)
davaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
davaste (aorist plural second-person)
davašę (aorist plural third-person)
davajemъ (first-person plural present)
davajete (plural present second-person)
davajǫtь (plural present third-person)
davaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
davaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
davaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
davaji (imperative second-person singular)
davaji (imperative singular third-person)
davaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
davaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
davaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
davajivě (dual first-person imperative)
davajita (dual imperative second-person)
davaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
davaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
davaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
davajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
davajite (imperative plural second-person)
davanьje (noun-from-verb)
davati (infinitive)
davatъ (supine)
davalъ (l-participle)
davanъ (participle passive past)
dajemъ (participle passive present)
davavъ (active participle past)
daję (active participle present)
davaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
dava (aorist second-person singular)
dava (aorist singular third-person)
dajǫ (first-person present singular)
daješi (present second-person singular)
dajetь (present singular third-person)
davaxově (aorist dual first-person)
davasta (aorist dual second-person)
davaste (aorist dual third-person)
dajevě (dual first-person present)
dajeta (dual present second-person)
dajete (dual present third-person)
davaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
davaste (aorist plural second-person)
davašę (aorist plural third-person)
dajemъ (first-person plural present)
dajete (plural present second-person)
dajǫtь (plural present third-person)
davaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
davaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
davaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
daji (imperative second-person singular)
daji (imperative singular third-person)
davaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
davaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
davaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
dajivě (dual first-person imperative)
dajita (dual imperative second-person)
davaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
davaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
davaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
dajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
dajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: давати (davati)

Belarusian: дава́ць (davácʹ)

Russian: дава́ть (davátʹ)

Ukrainian: дава́ти (daváty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: давати (davati)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: да́вам (dávam)

Macedonian: дава (dava)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: да́вати

Latin script: dávati (Southwest dialect)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: dávati

desctree

Old Polish: dawać
Polish: dawać
Silesian: dŏwać

Slovak: dávať

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: dawac

Slovincian: dawac

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: dawać

Lower Sorbian: dawaś

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dōˀwāˀtei, iterative of *dṓˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *deh₃-. Constructed as if *da(ti) + *-vati, with the same suffix found in iterative (later imperfective) *stavati (“to stand”), *-znavati (“to know”), etc. Compare Latvian dãvât (“to give (iterative)”), Lithuanian daviaũ (“I gave”, past), Ancient Greek δοϝέναι (dowénai, “to give (iterative)”) (Cypriot dialect), Sanskrit दावने (dāváne).
In Lithuanian, the cognate of this verb is employed in the construction of the (indicative) past frequentative tense.
Per Derksen, the 1sg. *dajǫ is built off the aorist stem.


krasiti

krašenьje (noun-from-verb)
krasiti (infinitive)
krasitъ (supine)
krasilъ (l-participle)
krašenъ (participle passive past)
krasimъ (participle passive present)
krašь (active participle past)
krasę (active participle present)
krasixъ (aorist first-person singular)
krasi (aorist second-person singular)
krasi (aorist singular third-person)
krašǫ (first-person present singular)
krasiši (present second-person singular)
krasitь (present singular third-person)
krasixově (aorist dual first-person)
krasista (aorist dual second-person)
krasiste (aorist dual third-person)
krasivě (dual first-person present)
krasita (dual present second-person)
krasite (dual present third-person)
krasixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
krasiste (aorist plural second-person)
krasišę (aorist plural third-person)
krasimъ (first-person plural present)
krasite (plural present second-person)
krasętь (plural present third-person)
krašaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
krašaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
krašaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
krasi (imperative second-person singular)
krasi (imperative singular third-person)
krašaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
krašaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
krašaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
krasivě (dual first-person imperative)
krasita (dual imperative second-person)
krašaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
krašaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
krašaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
krasimъ (first-person imperative plural)
krasite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: красити (krasiti)

Old Ruthenian: красити (krasiti)

Belarusian: красі́ць (krasícʹ)

Ukrainian: кра́си́ти (krásýty)

Russian: кра́сить (krásitʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: красити (krasiti)

Bulgarian: крася́ (krasjá)

Macedonian: краси (krasi)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кра́сити

Latin script: krásiti

West Slavic:

Czech: krášlit, krásiti

Polish: krasić

Slovak: krásiť


čekati

čekanьje (noun-from-verb)
čekati (infinitive)
čekatъ (supine)
čekalъ (l-participle)
čekanъ (participle passive past)
čekajemъ (participle passive present)
čekavъ (active participle past)
čekaję (active participle present)
čekaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
čeka (aorist second-person singular)
čeka (aorist singular third-person)
čekajǫ (first-person present singular)
čekaješi (present second-person singular)
čekajetь (present singular third-person)
čekaxově (aorist dual first-person)
čekasta (aorist dual second-person)
čekaste (aorist dual third-person)
čekajevě (dual first-person present)
čekajeta (dual present second-person)
čekajete (dual present third-person)
čekaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
čekaste (aorist plural second-person)
čekašę (aorist plural third-person)
čekajemъ (first-person plural present)
čekajete (plural present second-person)
čekajǫtь (plural present third-person)
čekaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
čekaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
čekaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
čekaji (imperative second-person singular)
čekaji (imperative singular third-person)
čekaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
čekaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
čekaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
čekajivě (dual first-person imperative)
čekajita (dual imperative second-person)
čekaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
čekaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
čekaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
čekajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
čekajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: чака́ць (čakácʹ)

Russian: чека́ть (čekátʹ) (dialectal)

Carpathian Rusyn: че́кати (čékaty)

Ukrainian: чека́ти (čekáty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: чекати (čekati)

Glagolitic script: ⱍⰵⰽⰰⱅⰻ (čekati)

Bulgarian: че́кам (čékam) (dialectal)

Macedonian: чека (čeka)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: че̏кати

Latin script: čȅkati

West Slavic:

Kashubian: czekac

Old Czech: čekati

Czech: čekat

desctree

Old Polish: czekać
Polish: czekać
Silesian: czekać

Old Slovak: čakať, čekať

Pannonian Rusyn: чекац (čekac)

Slovak: čakať

Traditionally considered an alternative form of *čakati, which Vasmer considers a reduplicative formation from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂- (“to desire; to wish”). Derksen mentions this possibility, but favors Stang's derivation from a Proto-Indo-European *kʷek- (“to expect”), which he compares to Old Prussian kackint (“to attain”) and Lithuanian kàkti (“to be sufficient”) (though no non-Balto-Slavic cognates have been deduced). Note the latter root's similarity in form and meaning to Proto-Indo-European *kʷeḱ- (“to see, look”), though the relation between the two, if any, is unclear.


bičevati

bičevanьje (noun-from-verb)
bičevati (infinitive)
bičevatъ (supine)
bičevalъ (l-participle)
bičevanъ (participle passive past)
bičujemъ (participle passive present)
bičevavъ (active participle past)
bičuję (active participle present)
bičevaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
bičeva (aorist second-person singular)
bičeva (aorist singular third-person)
bičujǫ (first-person present singular)
bičuješi (present second-person singular)
bičujetь (present singular third-person)
bičevaxově (aorist dual first-person)
bičevasta (aorist dual second-person)
bičevaste (aorist dual third-person)
bičujevě (dual first-person present)
bičujeta (dual present second-person)
bičujete (dual present third-person)
bičevaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
bičevaste (aorist plural second-person)
bičevašę (aorist plural third-person)
bičujemъ (first-person plural present)
bičujete (plural present second-person)
bičujǫtь (plural present third-person)
bičevaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
bičevaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
bičevaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
bičuji (imperative second-person singular)
bičuji (imperative singular third-person)
bičevaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
bičevaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
bičevaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
bičujivě (dual first-person imperative)
bičujita (dual imperative second-person)
bičevaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
bičevaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
bičevaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
bičujimъ (first-person imperative plural)
bičujite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: бичева́ть (bičevátʹ)

Ukrainian: бичува́ти (byčuváty)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: бичу́вам (bičúvam)

Macedonian: бичува (bičuva)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: би̏чевати

Latin script: bȉčevati

Slovene: bičeváti (rare, more commonly bīčati)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: bičěvati

Czech: bičovat

Polish: biczować

Slovak: bičovať


esi

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: еси (esi)

Russian: еси́ (jesí)

Ukrainian: єси́ (jesý)

Old Novgorodian: еси (esi)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: ѥси (jesi)

Bulgarian: си (si)

Macedonian: си (si)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: јѐси, си

Latin script: jèsi, si

Old Slovene: iezi

Slovene: si

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jsi

Czech: jsi

Old Polish: jeś

Polish: -ś

⇒ Old Polish: jest jeś, jesteś, jeś jest

Polish: jesteś

Slovak: si

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: sy

Lower Sorbian: sy

From Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ési, verb form of *h₁ésti.
Cognate with
Lithuanian esì,
Latvian esi,
Old Prussian essei.
Further
Sanskrit असि (ási),
Avestan 𐬀𐬵𐬌 (ahi),
Old Armenian ես (es),
Ancient Greek ἐσσί (essí),
Latin es.


plakati

plàkati (canonical imperfective)
a (accent-paradigm)
plakanьje (noun-from-verb)
plakati (infinitive)
plakatъ (supine)
plakalъ (l-participle)
a (accent-paradigm)
plakanъ (participle passive past)
plačemъ (participle passive present)
plakavъ (active participle past)
plačę (active participle present)
a (accent-paradigm)
plakaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
plaka (aorist second-person singular)
plaka (aorist singular third-person)
plačǫ (first-person present singular)
plačeši (present second-person singular)
plačetь (present singular third-person)
plakaxově (aorist dual first-person)
plakasta (aorist dual second-person)
plakaste (aorist dual third-person)
plačevě (dual first-person present)
plačeta (dual present second-person)
plačete (dual present third-person)
plakaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
plakaste (aorist plural second-person)
plakašę (aorist plural third-person)
plačemъ (first-person plural present)
plačete (plural present second-person)
plačǫtь (plural present third-person)
plakaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
plakaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
plakaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
plači (imperative second-person singular)
plači (imperative singular third-person)
plakaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
plakaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
plakaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
plačivě (dual first-person imperative)
plačita (dual imperative second-person)
plakaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
plakaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
plakaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
plačimъ (first-person imperative plural)
plačite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: плакати (plakati)

Belarusian: пла́каць (plákacʹ)

Russian: пла́кать (plákatʹ)

Ukrainian: пла́кати (plákaty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: плакати (plakati)

Bulgarian: пла́ча (pláča)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пла̏кати

Latin script: plȁkati

Slovene: plákati (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: płakac

Old Czech: plakati

Czech: plakat

Polish: płakać

Slovak: plakať

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: płakać

Lower Sorbian: płakaś

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *plā́ˀktei, from Proto-Indo-European *pléh₂k-ye-ti, from *pleh₂k-, *pleh₂g- (“to beat”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πλήσσω (plḗssō, “to strike”) (from Proto-Hellenic *plā́k-jō).


ristati

b (accent-paradigm)
ristanьje (noun-from-verb)
ristati (infinitive)
ristatъ (supine)
ristalъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
ristanъ (participle passive past)
risťemъ (participle passive present)
ristavъ (active participle past)
risťę (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
ristaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
rista (aorist second-person singular)
rista (aorist singular third-person)
risťǫ (first-person present singular)
risťeši (present second-person singular)
risťetь (present singular third-person)
ristaxově (aorist dual first-person)
ristasta (aorist dual second-person)
ristaste (aorist dual third-person)
risťevě (dual first-person present)
risťeta (dual present second-person)
risťete (dual present third-person)
ristaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
ristaste (aorist plural second-person)
ristašę (aorist plural third-person)
risťemъ (first-person plural present)
risťete (plural present second-person)
risťǫtь (plural present third-person)
ristaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
ristaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
ristaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
risťi (imperative second-person singular)
risťi (imperative singular third-person)
ristaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
ristaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
ristaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
risťivě (dual first-person imperative)
risťita (dual imperative second-person)
ristaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
ristaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
ristaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
risťimъ (first-person imperative plural)
risťite (imperative plural second-person)

North Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ристати (ristati)

Russian: риста́ть (ristátʹ)

⇒ Ukrainian: риска́ти (ryskáty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: ристати (ristati)

Bulgarian: ри́шкам (ríškam) (dialectal) < *riščьkati

According to Pokorny, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rey- (“to arise, rise”).

der

(intransitive) to haste, to move quickly


tvoriti

tvorìti (canonical)
b (accent-paradigm)
tvořenьje (noun-from-verb)
tvoriti (infinitive)
tvoritъ (supine)
tvorilъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
tvořenъ (participle passive past)
tvorimъ (participle passive present)
tvořь (active participle past)
tvorę (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
tvorixъ (aorist first-person singular)
tvori (aorist second-person singular)
tvori (aorist singular third-person)
tvořǫ (first-person present singular)
tvoriši (present second-person singular)
tvoritь (present singular third-person)
tvorixově (aorist dual first-person)
tvorista (aorist dual second-person)
tvoriste (aorist dual third-person)
tvorivě (dual first-person present)
tvorita (dual present second-person)
tvorite (dual present third-person)
tvorixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
tvoriste (aorist plural second-person)
tvorišę (aorist plural third-person)
tvorimъ (first-person plural present)
tvorite (plural present second-person)
tvorętь (plural present third-person)
tvořaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
tvořaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
tvořaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
tvori (imperative second-person singular)
tvori (imperative singular third-person)
tvořaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
tvořaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
tvořaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
tvorivě (dual first-person imperative)
tvorita (dual imperative second-person)
tvořaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
tvořaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
tvořaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
tvorimъ (first-person imperative plural)
tvorite (imperative plural second-person)
c (accent-paradigm)
tvořenьje (noun-from-verb)
tvoriti (infinitive)
tvoritъ (supine)
tvorilъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
tvořenъ (participle passive past)
tvorimъ (participle passive present)
tvořь (active participle past)
tvorę (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
tvorixъ (aorist first-person singular)
tvori (aorist second-person singular)
tvori (aorist singular third-person)
tvořǫ (first-person present singular)
tvoriši (present second-person singular)
tvoritь (present singular third-person)
tvorixově (aorist dual first-person)
tvorista (aorist dual second-person)
tvoriste (aorist dual third-person)
tvorivě (dual first-person present)
tvorita (dual present second-person)
tvorite (dual present third-person)
tvorixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
tvoriste (aorist plural second-person)
tvorišę (aorist plural third-person)
tvorimъ (first-person plural present)
tvorite (plural present second-person)
tvorętь (plural present third-person)
tvořaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
tvořaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
tvořaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
tvori (imperative second-person singular)
tvori (imperative singular third-person)
tvořaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
tvořaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
tvořaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
tvorivě (dual first-person imperative)
tvorita (dual imperative second-person)
tvořaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
tvořaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
tvořaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
tvorimъ (first-person imperative plural)
tvorite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: творити (tvoriti)

Old Ruthenian: творити (tvoriti)

Belarusian: твары́ць (tvarýcʹ)

Ukrainian: твори́ти (tvorýty)

Russian: твори́ть (tvorítʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: творити (tvoriti)

Glagolitic: ⱅⰲⱁⱃⰻⱅⰻ (tvoriti)

Bulgarian: творя́ (tvorjá)

Macedonian: твори (tvori)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic: тво̀рити

Latin: tvòriti

Slovene: tvọ́riti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: tvořiti

Czech: tvořit

desctree

Old Polish: tworzyć
Polish: tworzyć
Silesian: tworzić

Slovak: tvoriť

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: twòrzëc

Slovincian: twôrzëc

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: tworić

Lower Sorbian: tworiś

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *twarīˀtei, causative/iterative of Proto-Indo-European *twerH-. Baltic cognates include Lithuanian tvérti (“to seize, to form”), Latvian tvert (“to seize, to hold”), Lithuanian tvárstyti (“to bandage”), Latvian tvarstīt (“to snap, to catch”) (1sg. tvarstu), Lithuanian turė́ti (“to hold”), Latvian turēt (“to hold”), Old Prussian turīt (“to have”). Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek σορός (sorós, “urn”).

Marko Snoj
Rick Derksen
be:Аляксандр Мікалаевіч Булыка


stajati

c (accent-paradigm)
stajanьje (noun-from-verb)
stajati (infinitive)
stajatъ (supine)
stajalъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
stajanъ (participle passive past)
stajemъ (participle passive present)
stajavъ (active participle past)
staję (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
stajaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
staja (aorist second-person singular)
staja (aorist singular third-person)
stajǫ (first-person present singular)
staješi (present second-person singular)
stajetь (present singular third-person)
stajaxově (aorist dual first-person)
stajasta (aorist dual second-person)
stajaste (aorist dual third-person)
stajevě (dual first-person present)
stajeta (dual present second-person)
stajete (dual present third-person)
stajaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
stajaste (aorist plural second-person)
stajašę (aorist plural third-person)
stajemъ (first-person plural present)
stajete (plural present second-person)
stajǫtь (plural present third-person)
stajaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
stajaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
stajaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
staji (imperative second-person singular)
staji (imperative singular third-person)
stajaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
stajaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
stajaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
stajivě (dual first-person imperative)
stajita (dual imperative second-person)
stajaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
stajaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
stajaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
stajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
stajite (imperative plural second-person)
a (accent-paradigm)
stajanьje (noun-from-verb)
stajati (infinitive)
stajatъ (supine)
stajalъ (l-participle)
a (accent-paradigm)
stajanъ (participle passive past)
stajajemъ (participle passive present)
stajavъ (active participle past)
stajaję (active participle present)
a (accent-paradigm)
stajaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
staja (aorist second-person singular)
staja (aorist singular third-person)
stajajǫ (first-person present singular)
stajaješi (present second-person singular)
stajajetь (present singular third-person)
stajaxově (aorist dual first-person)
stajasta (aorist dual second-person)
stajaste (aorist dual third-person)
stajajevě (dual first-person present)
stajajeta (dual present second-person)
stajajete (dual present third-person)
stajaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
stajaste (aorist plural second-person)
stajašę (aorist plural third-person)
stajajemъ (first-person plural present)
stajajete (plural present second-person)
stajajǫtь (plural present third-person)
stajaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
stajaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
stajaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
stajaji (imperative second-person singular)
stajaji (imperative singular third-person)
stajaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
stajaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
stajaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
stajajivě (dual first-person imperative)
stajajita (dual imperative second-person)
stajaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
stajaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
stajaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
stajajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
stajajite (imperative plural second-person)

Secondary form of *stati + *-jati (a/j-derivation), from Proto-Indo-European *stéh₂yeti.


stajati

stajanьje (noun-from-verb)
stajati (infinitive)
stajatъ (supine)
stajalъ (l-participle)
stajanъ (participle passive past)
stajimъ (participle passive present)
stajavъ (active participle past)
staję (active participle present)
stajaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
staja (aorist second-person singular)
staja (aorist singular third-person)
stajǫ (first-person present singular)
stajiši (present second-person singular)
stajitь (present singular third-person)
stajaxově (aorist dual first-person)
stajasta (aorist dual second-person)
stajaste (aorist dual third-person)
stajivě (dual first-person present)
stajita (dual present second-person)
stajite (dual present third-person)
stajaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
stajaste (aorist plural second-person)
stajašę (aorist plural third-person)
stajimъ (first-person plural present)
stajite (plural present second-person)
stajętь (plural present third-person)
stajaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
stajaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
stajaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
staji (imperative second-person singular)
staji (imperative singular third-person)
stajaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
stajaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
stajaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
stajivě (dual first-person imperative)
stajita (dual imperative second-person)
stajaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
stajaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
stajaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
stajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
stajite (imperative plural second-person)


tesati

tesàti (canonical imperfective)
b (accent-paradigm)
tesanьje (noun-from-verb)
tesati (infinitive)
tesatъ (supine)
tesalъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
tesanъ (participle passive past)
tešemъ (participle passive present)
tesavъ (active participle past)
tešę (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
tesaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
tesa (aorist second-person singular)
tesa (aorist singular third-person)
tešǫ (first-person present singular)
tešeši (present second-person singular)
tešetь (present singular third-person)
tesaxově (aorist dual first-person)
tesasta (aorist dual second-person)
tesaste (aorist dual third-person)
teševě (dual first-person present)
tešeta (dual present second-person)
tešete (dual present third-person)
tesaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
tesaste (aorist plural second-person)
tesašę (aorist plural third-person)
tešemъ (first-person plural present)
tešete (plural present second-person)
tešǫtь (plural present third-person)
tesaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
tesaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
tesaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
teši (imperative second-person singular)
teši (imperative singular third-person)
tesaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
tesaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
tesaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
tešivě (dual first-person imperative)
tešita (dual imperative second-person)
tesaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
tesaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
tesaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
tešimъ (first-person imperative plural)
tešite (imperative plural second-person)
b (accent-paradigm)
tesanьje (noun-from-verb)
tesati (infinitive)
tesatъ (supine)
tesalъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
tesanъ (participle passive past)
tesajemъ (participle passive present)
tesavъ (active participle past)
tesaję (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
tesaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
tesa (aorist second-person singular)
tesa (aorist singular third-person)
tesajǫ (first-person present singular)
tesaješi (present second-person singular)
tesajetь (present singular third-person)
tesaxově (aorist dual first-person)
tesasta (aorist dual second-person)
tesaste (aorist dual third-person)
tesajevě (dual first-person present)
tesajeta (dual present second-person)
tesajete (dual present third-person)
tesaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
tesaste (aorist plural second-person)
tesašę (aorist plural third-person)
tesajemъ (first-person plural present)
tesajete (plural present second-person)
tesajǫtь (plural present third-person)
tesaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
tesaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
tesaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
tesaji (imperative second-person singular)
tesaji (imperative singular third-person)
tesaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
tesaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
tesaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
tesajivě (dual first-person imperative)
tesajita (dual imperative second-person)
tesaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
tesaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
tesaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
tesajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
tesajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: тесати (tesati)

Russian: теса́ть (tesátʹ)

Ukrainian: теса́ти (tesáty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: тесати (tesati)

Glagolitic: ⱅⰵⱄⰰⱅⰹ (tesati)

Bulgarian: те́сам (tésam) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тѐсати

Latin script: tèsati

Slovene: tesáti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: tesat

Polish: ciosać

→ Belarusian: часа́ць (časácʹ)

Slovak: tesať

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: ćesać

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *téśtei, from Proto-Indo-European *tetḱ- (“to hew”), perhaps from a reduplication of *teḱ- (“to strike”) (compare Ancient Greek κτείνω (kteínō, “to slay”)).

cog

(via specialization) to patch, to trim (with tool)


laziti

làziti (canonical)
a (accent-paradigm)
laženьje (noun-from-verb)
laziti (infinitive)
lazitъ (supine)
lazilъ (l-participle)
a (accent-paradigm)
laženъ (participle passive past)
lazimъ (participle passive present)
lažь (active participle past)
lazę (active participle present)
a (accent-paradigm)
lazixъ (aorist first-person singular)
lazi (aorist second-person singular)
lazi (aorist singular third-person)
lažǫ (first-person present singular)
laziši (present second-person singular)
lazitь (present singular third-person)
lazixově (aorist dual first-person)
lazista (aorist dual second-person)
laziste (aorist dual third-person)
lazivě (dual first-person present)
lazita (dual present second-person)
lazite (dual present third-person)
lazixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
laziste (aorist plural second-person)
lazišę (aorist plural third-person)
lazimъ (first-person plural present)
lazite (plural present second-person)
lazętь (plural present third-person)
lažaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
lažaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
lažaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
lazi (imperative second-person singular)
lazi (imperative singular third-person)
lažaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
lažaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
lažaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
lazivě (dual first-person imperative)
lazita (dual imperative second-person)
lažaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
lažaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
lažaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
lazimъ (first-person imperative plural)
lazite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: лазити (laziti)

Belarusian: ла́зіць (lázicʹ)

Russian: ла́зить (lázitʹ)

Ukrainian: ла́зити (lázyty)

Old Novgorodian: ла́ꙁити (láziti)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: лазити (laziti)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: ла́зя (lázja)

Macedonian: лази (lazi)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ла̏зити

Latin script: lȁziti

Slovene: láziti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: lazit

Polabian: lozĕ

Old Polish: łazić

Polish: łazić

Slovak: laziť

Slovincian: lazëc

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: łazyć

Lower Sorbian: łazyś

From Proto-Indo-European *loh₁ǵ-ey-, causative/iterative of *leh₁ǵ-. Cognate with Latvian lẽzêt (“to slide”), Old Prussian līse (“(he) crawls”, 3sg.), Old Norse lágr (“low”), English low.


značiti

značenьje (noun-from-verb)
značiti (infinitive)
značitъ (supine)
značilъ (l-participle)
značenъ (participle passive past)
značimъ (participle passive present)
značь (active participle past)
značę (active participle present)
značixъ (aorist first-person singular)
znači (aorist second-person singular)
znači (aorist singular third-person)
značǫ (first-person present singular)
značiši (present second-person singular)
značitь (present singular third-person)
značixově (aorist dual first-person)
značista (aorist dual second-person)
značiste (aorist dual third-person)
značivě (dual first-person present)
značita (dual present second-person)
značite (dual present third-person)
značixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
značiste (aorist plural second-person)
značišę (aorist plural third-person)
značimъ (first-person plural present)
značite (plural present second-person)
značętь (plural present third-person)
značaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
značaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
značaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
znači (imperative second-person singular)
znači (imperative singular third-person)
značaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
značaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
značaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
značivě (dual first-person imperative)
značita (dual imperative second-person)
značaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
značaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
značaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
značimъ (first-person imperative plural)
značite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: зна́чыць (znáčycʹ)

Russian: зна́чить (znáčitʹ)

Ukrainian: зна́чити (znáčyty)

South Slavic

Bulgarian: зна́ча (znáča)

Macedonian: значи (znači)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: зна́чити

Latin script: znáčiti

Slovene: znáčiti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic

Czech: značit

East Lechitic:

Polish: znaczyć

Silesian: znaczyć

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: znaczëc

Slovincian: znaczic

Slovak: značiť


čuditi

a (accent-paradigm)
čuďenьje (noun-from-verb)
čuditi (infinitive)
čuditъ (supine)
čudilъ (l-participle)
a (accent-paradigm)
čuďenъ (participle passive past)
čudimъ (participle passive present)
čuďь (active participle past)
čudę (active participle present)
a (accent-paradigm)
čudixъ (aorist first-person singular)
čudi (aorist second-person singular)
čudi (aorist singular third-person)
čuďǫ (first-person present singular)
čudiši (present second-person singular)
čuditь (present singular third-person)
čudixově (aorist dual first-person)
čudista (aorist dual second-person)
čudiste (aorist dual third-person)
čudivě (dual first-person present)
čudita (dual present second-person)
čudite (dual present third-person)
čudixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
čudiste (aorist plural second-person)
čudišę (aorist plural third-person)
čudimъ (first-person plural present)
čudite (plural present second-person)
čudętь (plural present third-person)
čuďaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
čuďaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
čuďaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
čudi (imperative second-person singular)
čudi (imperative singular third-person)
čuďaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
čuďaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
čuďaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
čudivě (dual first-person imperative)
čudita (dual imperative second-person)
čuďaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
čuďaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
čuďaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
čudimъ (first-person imperative plural)
čudite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: чу́диться (čúditʹsja)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: чудити (čuditi)

Glagolitic script: ⱍⱆⰴⰻⱅⰻ (čuditi)

Bulgarian: чу́дя (čúdja)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чу̏дити

Latin script: čȕditi

Slovene: čúditi

West Slavic:

Czech: čuditi


valiti

vaľenьje (noun-from-verb)
valiti (infinitive)
valitъ (supine)
valilъ (l-participle)
vaľenъ (participle passive past)
valimъ (participle passive present)
vaľь (active participle past)
valę (active participle present)
valixъ (aorist first-person singular)
vali (aorist second-person singular)
vali (aorist singular third-person)
vaľǫ (first-person present singular)
vališi (present second-person singular)
valitь (present singular third-person)
valixově (aorist dual first-person)
valista (aorist dual second-person)
valiste (aorist dual third-person)
valivě (dual first-person present)
valita (dual present second-person)
valite (dual present third-person)
valixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
valiste (aorist plural second-person)
vališę (aorist plural third-person)
valimъ (first-person plural present)
valite (plural present second-person)
valętь (plural present third-person)
vaľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
vaľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
vaľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
vali (imperative second-person singular)
vali (imperative singular third-person)
vaľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
vaľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
vaľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
valivě (dual first-person imperative)
valita (dual imperative second-person)
vaľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
vaľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
vaľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
valimъ (first-person imperative plural)
valite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: валити (valiti)

Belarusian: валіць (valicʹ)

Russian: вали́ть (valítʹ)

Ukrainian: вали́ти (valýty)

South Slavic

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: валити сѩ

Bulgarian: валя́ (valjá)

Slovene: valíti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic

Czech: valit

Kashubian: walëc

Polish: walić

Slovak: valiť

From *valъ + *-iti. Compare Latin volvō.


orbiti

orbľenьje (noun-from-verb)
orbiti (infinitive)
orbitъ (supine)
orbilъ (l-participle)
orbľenъ (participle passive past)
orbimъ (participle passive present)
orbľь (active participle past)
orbę (active participle present)
orbixъ (aorist first-person singular)
orbi (aorist second-person singular)
orbi (aorist singular third-person)
orbľǫ (first-person present singular)
orbiši (present second-person singular)
orbitь (present singular third-person)
orbixově (aorist dual first-person)
orbista (aorist dual second-person)
orbiste (aorist dual third-person)
orbivě (dual first-person present)
orbita (dual present second-person)
orbite (dual present third-person)
orbixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
orbiste (aorist plural second-person)
orbišę (aorist plural third-person)
orbimъ (first-person plural present)
orbite (plural present second-person)
orbętь (plural present third-person)
orbľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
orbľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
orbľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
orbi (imperative second-person singular)
orbi (imperative singular third-person)
orbľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
orbľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
orbľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
orbivě (dual first-person imperative)
orbita (dual imperative second-person)
orbľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
orbľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
orbľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
orbimъ (first-person imperative plural)
orbite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: робити (robiti)

Belarusian: рабі́ць (rabícʹ)

Russian: ро́бить (róbitʹ) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: роби́ти (robýty)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ра́бити

Latin script: rábiti

Slovene: rábiti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: robiti
Czech: robit

desctree

Old Polish: robić
Polish: robić
Silesian: robić

Old Slovak: robiť

Slovak: robiť

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: robic

Slovincian: rôbjic

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: robić

Lower Sorbian: robiś

From *orbъ (“servant, slave”) + *-iti.
 PIE word
 *h₃órbʰos