my

jãzъ (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
ty̑ (nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
mę̑ (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular)
tę̑ (accusative personal pronoun second-person singular)
sę̑ (accusative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mȅne (first-person genitive personal pronoun singular)
tȅbe (genitive personal pronoun second-person singular)
sȅbe (genitive personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mьně̀ (first-person locative personal pronoun singular)
tebě̀ (locative personal pronoun second-person singular)
sebě̀ (locative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mьně̀ (dative first-person personal pronoun singular)
tebě̀ (dative personal pronoun second-person singular)
ti (dative personal pronoun second-person singular)
sebě̀ (dative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
si (dative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mъnòjǫ (first-person instrumental personal pronoun singular)
mъnojǫ̀ (first-person instrumental personal pronoun singular)
tobòjǫ (instrumental personal pronoun second-person singular)
tobojǫ̀ (instrumental personal pronoun second-person singular)
sobòjǫ (instrumental personal pronoun reflexive singular)
sobojǫ̀ (instrumental personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mojь (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular)
tvojь (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
svojь (personal possessive pronoun reflexive singular)
vě̑ (dual first-person nominative personal pronoun)
vȃ (dual nominative personal pronoun second-person)
nȃ (accusative dual first-person personal pronoun)
vȃ (accusative dual personal pronoun second-person)
sę̑ (accusative dual personal pronoun reflexive)
nàju (dual first-person genitive personal pronoun)
vàju (dual genitive personal pronoun second-person)
sȅbe (dual genitive personal pronoun reflexive)
nàju (dual first-person locative personal pronoun)
vàju (dual locative personal pronoun second-person)
sebě̀ (dual locative personal pronoun reflexive)
nàma (dative dual first-person personal pronoun)
vàma (dative dual personal pronoun second-person)
va (dative dual personal pronoun second-person)
sebě̀ (dative dual personal pronoun reflexive)
si (dative dual personal pronoun reflexive)
nàma (dual first-person instrumental personal pronoun)
vàma (dual instrumental personal pronoun second-person)
sobòjǫ (dual instrumental personal pronoun reflexive)
sobojǫ̀ (dual instrumental personal pronoun reflexive)
našь (dual first-person personal possessive pronoun)
vašь (dual personal possessive pronoun second-person)
svojь (dual personal possessive pronoun reflexive)
my̑ (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
vy̑ (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
ny̑ (accusative first-person personal plural pronoun)
vy̑ (accusative personal plural pronoun second-person)
sę̑ (accusative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
nàsъ (first-person genitive personal plural pronoun)
vàsъ (genitive personal plural pronoun second-person)
sȅbe (genitive personal plural pronoun reflexive)
nàsъ (first-person locative personal plural pronoun)
vàsъ (locative personal plural pronoun second-person)
sebě̀ (locative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
nàmъ (dative first-person personal plural pronoun)
vàmъ (dative personal plural pronoun second-person)
sebě̀ (dative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
si (dative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
nàmi (first-person instrumental personal plural pronoun)
vàmi (instrumental personal plural pronoun second-person)
sobòjǫ (instrumental personal plural pronoun reflexive)
sobojǫ̀ (instrumental personal plural pronoun reflexive)
našь (first-person personal plural possessive pronoun)
vašь (personal plural possessive pronoun second-person)
svojь (personal plural possessive pronoun reflexive)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: мꙑ (my)

Old Ruthenian: мы (my)

Belarusian: мы (my)

Carpathian Rusyn: мы (mŷ)

Ukrainian: ми (my)

Russian: мы (my)

Old Novgorodian: мꙑ (my)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: мꙑ (my)

Glagolitic script: [Term?]

Bulgarian: ние (nie) (re-formed by analogy)

Macedonian: ние (nie) (re-formed by analogy), ми (mi) (dialectal), мие (mie) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ми̑

Latin script: mȋ

Slovene: mȋ (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: my

Czech: my

Old Polish: my
Polish: my
Silesian: my

Slovak: my

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: më

Slovincian: më

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: my

Upper Sorbian: my

From Proto-Indo-European *wéy, with an irregular change from *w- to *m- (whence *méy). The same irregular change happened in middle Indo-Iranian languages and German dialects. Cognate with Lithuanian mẽs and Old Armenian մեք (mekʻ).


mi

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: ми (mi)

Bulgarian: ми (mi)

Macedonian: ми (mi)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ми

Latin script: mi

Slovene: mi

West Slavic:

Czech: mi

Polish: mi

Slovak: mi


ti

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: ти (ti)

Bulgarian: ти (ti)

Macedonian: ти (ti)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ти

Latin script: ti

Slovene: ti

West Slavic:

Czech: ti

Polish: ci

Slovak: ti

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: śi

Upper Sorbian: ći

(to) thee, you (singular); dative of *ty


si

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: си (si)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: си (si)

Church Slavonic: си (si)

Bulgarian: си (si)

Macedonian: си (si)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: си

Latin script: si

Slovene: si

West Slavic:

Czech: si

Slovak: si

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


vy

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: вꙑ (vy)

Old Ruthenian: вы (vy)

Belarusian: вы (vy)

Carpathian Rusyn: вы (vŷ)

Ukrainian: ви (vy)

Russian: вы (vy)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: вꙑ (vy)

Bulgarian: вие (vie) (re-formed by analogy)

Macedonian: вие (vie) (re-formed by analogy)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ви̑

Latin script: vȋ

Slovene: vȋ (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vy
Czech: vy

Old Polish: wy
Polish: wy
Silesian: wy

Slovak: vy

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: wë, Wë

Slovincian: wë

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: wy

Upper Sorbian: wy

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wāns, from the oblique form of Proto-Balto-Slavic *wōs, the accusative case of the personal pronoun Proto-Balto-Slavic *jūˀ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *yū́.


ny

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: нꙑ (ny)

Bulgarian: ни (ni)?

Macedonian: не (ne)?

West Slavic:

Old Czech: ny


ty

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ты (ty)

Belarusian: ты (ty)

Russian: ты (ty)

Carpathian Rusyn: ты (tŷ)

Ukrainian: ти (ty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: тꙑ (ty)

Glagolitic script: ⱅⱏⰺ (ty)

Bulgarian: ти (ti)

Macedonian: ти (ti)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ти̑

Latin script: tȋ

Slovene: tȋ (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: ty

Czech: ty

Old Polish: ty
Polish: ty
Silesian: ty

Slovak: ty

Polabian: tåi

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: të

Slovincian: të

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: ty

Upper Sorbian: ty

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.


ony

sla-decl-pron-table

Declension of <i class="Latn mention" lang="sla-pro">*ony</i> (hard pronominal)

onъ (masculine nominative singular)
ona (feminine nominative singular)
ono (neuter nominative singular)
onъ (accusative masculine singular)
onǫ (accusative feminine singular)
ono (accusative neuter singular)
onogo (genitive masculine singular)
onoję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
onogo (genitive neuter singular)
onomь (locative masculine singular)
onoji (feminine locative singular)
onomь (locative neuter singular)
onomu (dative masculine singular)
onoji (dative feminine singular)
onomu (dative neuter singular)
oněmь (instrumental masculine singular)
onojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
oněmь (instrumental neuter singular)
ona (dual masculine nominative)
oně (dual feminine nominative)
oně (dual neuter nominative)
ona (accusative dual masculine)
oně (accusative dual feminine)
oně (accusative dual neuter)
onoju (dual genitive masculine)
onoju (dual feminine genitive)
onoju (dual genitive neuter)
onoju (dual locative masculine)
onoju (dual feminine locative)
onoju (dual locative neuter)
oněma (dative dual masculine)
oněma (dative dual feminine)
oněma (dative dual neuter)
oněma (dual instrumental masculine)
oněma (dual feminine instrumental)
oněma (dual instrumental neuter)
oni (masculine nominative plural)
ony (feminine nominative plural)
ona (neuter nominative plural)
ony (accusative masculine plural)
ony (accusative feminine plural)
ona (accusative neuter plural)
oněxъ (genitive masculine plural)
oněxъ (feminine genitive plural)
oněxъ (genitive neuter plural)
oněxъ (locative masculine plural)
oněxъ (feminine locative plural)
oněxъ (locative neuter plural)
oněmъ (dative masculine plural)
oněmъ (dative feminine plural)
oněmъ (dative neuter plural)
oněmi (instrumental masculine plural)
oněmi (feminine instrumental plural)
oněmi (instrumental neuter plural)


oni

Declension of <i class="Latn mention" lang="sla-pro">*oni</i> (hard pronominal)


sebe

East Slavic:

Belarusian: сябе́ (sjabjé) (< *sębe, a blend of accusative *sę- + genitive *-be)

Russian: себя́ (sebjá) (< *sebę, a blend of genitive *seb- + accusative *-ę)

Ukrainian: себе́ (sebé)

Carpathian Rusyn: себе (sebe)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: себе (sebe)

Bulgarian: себе (sebe)

Macedonian: себе (sebe)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: се̏бе

Latin script: sȅbe

Slovene: sebe

West Slavic:

Czech: sebe

Polish: siebie

Slovak: seba

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: sebje

Upper Sorbian: sebje

(of) oneself, each other; genitive of *sę


ono

Declension of <i class="Latn mention" lang="sla-pro">*ono</i> (hard pronominal)


ona

Declension of <i class="Latn mention" lang="sla-pro">*ona</i> (hard pronominal)


nama

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: нама (nama)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: на̏ма

Latin script: nȁma

Slovene: nama

West Slavic:

Kashubian: nama

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: nama

Upper Sorbian: namaj


va

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ва (va)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: ва (va)

Glagolitic script: ⰲⰰ (va)

West Slavic:

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: wa pl

Slovincian: wa

Sorbian:

⇒ Lower Sorbian: wej

⇒ Upper Sorbian: wój

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wēˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁.


koliko

East Slavic:

Belarusian: ко́лькі (kólʹki)

Russian: ско́лько (skólʹko)

Carpathian Rusyn: кі́лько (kílʹko)

Ukrainian: скі́льки (skílʹky), Ukrainian: кі́льки (kílʹky), Ukrainian: кі́лько (kílʹko)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: колико (koliko)

Bulgarian: ко́лко (kólko)

Macedonian: ко́лку (kólku)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: колѝко

Latin script: kolìko

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: kọ́liko, kọ̑liko (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: koliko
Czech: kolik

desctree

Old Polish: kilko
Polish: kilka
Silesian: kilka

Slovak: koľko

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: kùlkò, kùli, kùle

Slovincian: kùlkô

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: kelko

(with noun in genitive) how much, how many


nami

East Slavic:

Belarusian: намі (nami)

Russian: нами (nami)

Ukrainian: нами (namy)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: нами (nami)

Slovene: nami

West Slavic:

Czech: námi

Polish: nami

Slovak: nami

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: nami

Upper Sorbian: nami


mene

East Slavic:

Belarusian: мяне́ (mjanjé)

Russian: меня́ (menjá) (< *menę, a blend of genitive *mene and accusative *mę)

Ukrainian: мене (mene)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: мене (mene)

Bulgarian: ме́не (méne)

Macedonian: мене (mene)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ме̏не

Latin script: mȅne

Slovene: mene

West Slavic: *mьne by analogy with dative/locative

Czech: mne

Polish: mnie

Slovak: mňa

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: mje

Upper Sorbian: mnje


toliko

East Slavic:

Belarusian: то́лькі (tólʹki)

desc

Russian: то́лько (tólʹko), толи́ка (tolíka)

Ukrainian: ті́льки (tílʹky), ті́лько (tílʹko), ті́вко (tívko), тіль (tilʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: толико (toliko)

Bulgarian: толко (tolko)/толкова (tolkova)

Macedonian: то́лку (tólku)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: толѝко

Latin script: tolìko

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: tọ́liko, tọ̑liko (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

desctree

Old Czech: toliko
Czech: toliko (literary)

Old Polish: tylko
Polish: tylko
Silesian: tylko

Slovak: toľko

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: tëlkò

Slovincian: tëlkô


tebe

East Slavic:

Belarusian: цябе́ (cjabjé) (< *tębe, a blend of accusative *tę- + genitive *-be)

Russian: тебя́ (tebjá) (< *tebę, a blend of genitive *teb- + accusative *-ę)

Ukrainian: тебе (tebe)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: тебе (tebe)

Bulgarian: тебе (tebe)

Macedonian: тебе (tebe)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: те̏бе

Latin script: tȅbe

Slovene: tebe

West Slavic:

Czech: tebe

Polish: ciebie

Slovak: teba

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: tebje

Upper Sorbian: tebje

(of) thee, you (singular); genitive of *ty


vama

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: вама (vama)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ва̏ма

Latin script: vȁma

Slovene: vama

West Slavic:

Kashubian: wama

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: wama

Upper Sorbian: wamaj


čьto

kъto (feminine masculine nominative)
čьto (neuter nominative)
kъto (accusative feminine masculine)
čьto (accusative neuter)
kogo (feminine genitive masculine)
česo (genitive neuter)
komь (feminine locative masculine)
čemь (locative neuter)
komu (dative feminine masculine)
čemu (dative neuter)
cěmь (feminine instrumental masculine)
čimь (instrumental neuter)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: чьто (čĭto)

desc

Old Ruthenian: што (što), що (ščo), счо (sčo), что (čto)

Belarusian: што (što), чо (čo) (nonstandard, contraction of genitive), шо (šo) (nonstandard)

Carpathian Rusyn: што (što)

q

Ukrainian: що (ščo), шо (šo) (most western and some dialects of central Ukraine), што (što) (some dialects of western Ukraine), чо (čo) (nonstandard, contraction of genitive)

Russian: что (što), чё (čo) (nonstandard, contraction of genitive), чо (čo) (nonstandard, contraction of genitive), шо (šo) (nonstandard)

Old Novgorodian: цьто (cĭto)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: чьто (čĭto)

Glagolitic: ⱍⱐⱅⱁ (čĭto)

Bulgarian: що (što)

Macedonian: што (što)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic: (Štokavian) што̏, шта̏, (Čakavian) ча̏ (< *čь)

Latin: (Štokavian) štȍ, štȁ, (Čakavian) čȁ (< *čь)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: (Gsg. *česo > *čьso >) čso

Czech: (Gsg. *česo > *čьso >) co

Old Polish: (Gsg. *česo > *čьso >) czso, cso

Polish: co

Silesian: co

Slovak: (Gsg. *česo > *čьso >) čo

Polabian: (Gsg. *česo > *čьso >) cü

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: (Gsg. *česo > *čьso >) co

Slovincian: (Gsg. *česo > *čьso >) cô

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: (Gsg. *česo > *čьso >) co

Upper Sorbian: što

From *čь + *-to, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ki, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷid (cf. *kʷis). Cognate with Lithuanian kìtas (“another, next”) and Latvian cits (“other, different”).


tę

East Slavic:

Ukrainian: тя (tja)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: тѧ

Bulgarian: те (te)

Macedonian: те (te)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: те

Latin script: te

Slovene: te

West Slavic:

Czech: tě

Polish: cię

Slovak: ťa

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: śi

Upper Sorbian: će


vě

vě̑ (canonical)
jãzъ (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
ty̑ (nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
mę̑ (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular)
tę̑ (accusative personal pronoun second-person singular)
sę̑ (accusative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mȅne (first-person genitive personal pronoun singular)
tȅbe (genitive personal pronoun second-person singular)
sȅbe (genitive personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mьně̀ (first-person locative personal pronoun singular)
tebě̀ (locative personal pronoun second-person singular)
sebě̀ (locative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mьně̀ (dative first-person personal pronoun singular)
tebě̀ (dative personal pronoun second-person singular)
ti (dative personal pronoun second-person singular)
sebě̀ (dative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
si (dative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mъnòjǫ (first-person instrumental personal pronoun singular)
mъnojǫ̀ (first-person instrumental personal pronoun singular)
tobòjǫ (instrumental personal pronoun second-person singular)
tobojǫ̀ (instrumental personal pronoun second-person singular)
sobòjǫ (instrumental personal pronoun reflexive singular)
sobojǫ̀ (instrumental personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mojь (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular)
tvojь (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
svojь (personal possessive pronoun reflexive singular)
vě̑ (dual first-person nominative personal pronoun)
vȃ (dual nominative personal pronoun second-person)
nȃ (accusative dual first-person personal pronoun)
vȃ (accusative dual personal pronoun second-person)
sę̑ (accusative dual personal pronoun reflexive)
nàju (dual first-person genitive personal pronoun)
vàju (dual genitive personal pronoun second-person)
sȅbe (dual genitive personal pronoun reflexive)
nàju (dual first-person locative personal pronoun)
vàju (dual locative personal pronoun second-person)
sebě̀ (dual locative personal pronoun reflexive)
nàma (dative dual first-person personal pronoun)
vàma (dative dual personal pronoun second-person)
va (dative dual personal pronoun second-person)
sebě̀ (dative dual personal pronoun reflexive)
si (dative dual personal pronoun reflexive)
nàma (dual first-person instrumental personal pronoun)
vàma (dual instrumental personal pronoun second-person)
sobòjǫ (dual instrumental personal pronoun reflexive)
sobojǫ̀ (dual instrumental personal pronoun reflexive)
našь (dual first-person personal possessive pronoun)
vašь (dual personal possessive pronoun second-person)
svojь (dual personal possessive pronoun reflexive)
my̑ (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
vy̑ (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
ny̑ (accusative first-person personal plural pronoun)
vy̑ (accusative personal plural pronoun second-person)
sę̑ (accusative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
nàsъ (first-person genitive personal plural pronoun)
vàsъ (genitive personal plural pronoun second-person)
sȅbe (genitive personal plural pronoun reflexive)
nàsъ (first-person locative personal plural pronoun)
vàsъ (locative personal plural pronoun second-person)
sebě̀ (locative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
nàmъ (dative first-person personal plural pronoun)
vàmъ (dative personal plural pronoun second-person)
sebě̀ (dative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
si (dative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
nàmi (first-person instrumental personal plural pronoun)
vàmi (instrumental personal plural pronoun second-person)
sobòjǫ (instrumental personal plural pronoun reflexive)
sobojǫ̀ (instrumental personal plural pronoun reflexive)
našь (first-person personal plural possessive pronoun)
vašь (personal plural possessive pronoun second-person)
svojь (personal plural possessive pronoun reflexive)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: вѣ (vě)

South Slavic:

Middle Bulgarian: вѣ (vě)

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: вѣ (vě)

Glagolitic: ⰲⱑ (vě)

Serbo-Croatian: -vo (Bednja Kajkavian, possibly)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vě (C14)

Old Czech: va (C15, by analogy to the new verbal 1st person ending -va instead of the older -vě, also to the number dva)

Old Polish: wa (same analogy as in Czech)

Kashubian: ma < *va < vě (same analogy as in Czech, m- due to influence of the plural form)

Slovincian: wa (same analogy as in Kashubian)

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: wi (dialectal, secondary -i by analogy to the o-stem plural desinence -i)

wej (by analogy to the new verbal 1st person ending -ej, or to other pronouns such as tej and wonej)

From Proto-Indo-European *wḗ/*wéh₁ (“we two”), the nominative dual of *éǵ(h₂), *eǵHóm, *eǵóh₂ (“I”).


jь

sla-decl-pron-table

Declension of <i class="Latn mention" lang="sla-pro">*jь</i> (soft pronominal)

jь (masculine nominative singular)
ja (feminine nominative singular)
je (neuter nominative singular)
jь (accusative masculine singular)
jǫ (accusative feminine singular)
je (accusative neuter singular)
jego (genitive masculine singular)
jeję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
jego (genitive neuter singular)
jemь (locative masculine singular)
jeji (feminine locative singular)
jemь (locative neuter singular)
jemu (dative masculine singular)
jeji (dative feminine singular)
jemu (dative neuter singular)
jimь (instrumental masculine singular)
jejǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
jimь (instrumental neuter singular)
ja (dual masculine nominative)
ji (dual feminine nominative)
ji (dual neuter nominative)
ja (accusative dual masculine)
ji (accusative dual feminine)
ji (accusative dual neuter)
jeju (dual genitive masculine)
jeju (dual feminine genitive)
jeju (dual genitive neuter)
jeju (dual locative masculine)
jeju (dual feminine locative)
jeju (dual locative neuter)
jima (dative dual masculine)
jima (dative dual feminine)
jima (dative dual neuter)
jima (dual instrumental masculine)
jima (dual feminine instrumental)
jima (dual instrumental neuter)
ji (masculine nominative plural)
ję̇ (feminine nominative plural)
ja (neuter nominative plural)
ję̇ (accusative masculine plural)
ję̇ (accusative feminine plural)
ja (accusative neuter plural)
jixъ (genitive masculine plural)
jixъ (feminine genitive plural)
jixъ (genitive neuter plural)
jixъ (locative masculine plural)
jixъ (feminine locative plural)
jixъ (locative neuter plural)
jimъ (dative masculine plural)
jimъ (dative feminine plural)
jimъ (dative neuter plural)
jimi (instrumental masculine plural)
jimi (feminine instrumental plural)
jimi (instrumental neuter plural)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: и (i) (rare in the nominative)

Old Ruthenian:

Belarusian: я-, і-, ё- (ja-, i-, jo-)

desc

йо-, ї-, не-, ньо-, ни-

Ukrainian: йо-, ї-, не-, ньо-, ни- (jo-, ji-, ne-, nʹo-, ny-)

Russian: е-, и-, не-, ни-, нё- (je-, i-, ne-, ni-, njo-)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: и (i) (rare in the nominative)

Bulgarian: и-, не- (i-, ne-)

Macedonian: и-, не- (i-, ne-)

Serbo-Croatian:

је-, јо-, ју-, и-, ње-, њо-, њу-, њи-

Cyrillic script: је-, јо-, ју-, и-, ње-, њо-, њу-, њи-

Latin script: je-, jo-, ju-, i-, nje-, njo-, nju-, nji

Slovene: je-, jo-, ju-, ji-, nje-, njo-, nju-, nji-

West Slavic:

Czech: je-, ji-, jí-, ně-, ni-, ní-

Kashubian: je-, nie-, ni-

Polish: je-, i-, nie-, ni-

Slovak: je-, i-, ne-, ni-, ní-, ňo-

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *is, from Proto-Indo-European *ís and Proto-Indo-European *yós. Cognate with Lithuanian jis (“he”), Latin is.


(j)azъ

ãzъ (canonical)
jãzъ (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
ty̑ (nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
mę̑ (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular)
tę̑ (accusative personal pronoun second-person singular)
sę̑ (accusative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mȅne (first-person genitive personal pronoun singular)
tȅbe (genitive personal pronoun second-person singular)
sȅbe (genitive personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mьně̀ (first-person locative personal pronoun singular)
tebě̀ (locative personal pronoun second-person singular)
sebě̀ (locative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mьně̀ (dative first-person personal pronoun singular)
tebě̀ (dative personal pronoun second-person singular)
ti (dative personal pronoun second-person singular)
sebě̀ (dative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
si (dative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mъnòjǫ (first-person instrumental personal pronoun singular)
mъnojǫ̀ (first-person instrumental personal pronoun singular)
tobòjǫ (instrumental personal pronoun second-person singular)
tobojǫ̀ (instrumental personal pronoun second-person singular)
sobòjǫ (instrumental personal pronoun reflexive singular)
sobojǫ̀ (instrumental personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mojь (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular)
tvojь (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
svojь (personal possessive pronoun reflexive singular)
vě̑ (dual first-person nominative personal pronoun)
vȃ (dual nominative personal pronoun second-person)
nȃ (accusative dual first-person personal pronoun)
vȃ (accusative dual personal pronoun second-person)
sę̑ (accusative dual personal pronoun reflexive)
nàju (dual first-person genitive personal pronoun)
vàju (dual genitive personal pronoun second-person)
sȅbe (dual genitive personal pronoun reflexive)
nàju (dual first-person locative personal pronoun)
vàju (dual locative personal pronoun second-person)
sebě̀ (dual locative personal pronoun reflexive)
nàma (dative dual first-person personal pronoun)
vàma (dative dual personal pronoun second-person)
va (dative dual personal pronoun second-person)
sebě̀ (dative dual personal pronoun reflexive)
si (dative dual personal pronoun reflexive)
nàma (dual first-person instrumental personal pronoun)
vàma (dual instrumental personal pronoun second-person)
sobòjǫ (dual instrumental personal pronoun reflexive)
sobojǫ̀ (dual instrumental personal pronoun reflexive)
našь (dual first-person personal possessive pronoun)
vašь (dual personal possessive pronoun second-person)
svojь (dual personal possessive pronoun reflexive)
my̑ (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
vy̑ (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
ny̑ (accusative first-person personal plural pronoun)
vy̑ (accusative personal plural pronoun second-person)
sę̑ (accusative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
nàsъ (first-person genitive personal plural pronoun)
vàsъ (genitive personal plural pronoun second-person)
sȅbe (genitive personal plural pronoun reflexive)
nàsъ (first-person locative personal plural pronoun)
vàsъ (locative personal plural pronoun second-person)
sebě̀ (locative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
nàmъ (dative first-person personal plural pronoun)
vàmъ (dative personal plural pronoun second-person)
sebě̀ (dative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
si (dative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
nàmi (first-person instrumental personal plural pronoun)
vàmi (instrumental personal plural pronoun second-person)
sobòjǫ (instrumental personal plural pronoun reflexive)
sobojǫ̀ (instrumental personal plural pronoun reflexive)
našь (first-person personal plural possessive pronoun)
vašь (personal plural possessive pronoun second-person)
svojь (personal plural possessive pronoun reflexive)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ēź-, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵ(h₂).
* According to Kapović, *ja derives from Proto-Indo-European *éǵ(h₂), while *jazъ derives from *eǵHóm.
* Kortlandt, responding to Kapović, derives *jàzъ from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ēˀźun, from Proto-Indo-European *eǵHóm, and rejects *ja as secondary.
* Olander similarly reconstructs only a single early Proto-Slavic form, *ˈēzu, to yield later *ja̋zъ, *já.

ꙗзъBelarusian: яCarpathian Rusyn: яUkrainian: яRussian: я

а

Old Church Slavonic; Old Cyrillic script

аз

→ Old East Slavic: азъ (azŭ); archaic or religious

азъ

→ Old East Slavic: азъ (azŭ); pre-1918 orthography

я́зека

South Slavic; all of the following dialectal


sę

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: сѧ

Old Ruthenian: -сѧ (-sja), сѧ (sja)

Belarusian: -ся (-sja) (merges with final "-ць" into "-цца")

Ukrainian: -ся (-sja) (before consonants) / -сь (-sʹ) (before vowels, unless after most consonants), ся (sja) (poetic)

Russian: -ся (-sja) (after consonants) / -сь (-sʹ) (after vowels)

Old Novgorodian: сѧ

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: сѧ

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱔ (sę)

Bulgarian: се (se)

Macedonian: се (se)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: се

Latin script: se

Slovene: se (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: sě

Czech: se

desctree

Old Polish: się, siebie
Polish: się
Silesian: sie
Polish: siebie
Silesian: siebie

Slovak: sa

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: sã

Slovincian: sã

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: se

Upper Sorbian: so, ?sej

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sen, from Proto-Indo-European *swé; compare Latin sē. Cognate with Old Prussian sien (“oneself”).

oneself: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself (accusative)

ourselves, yourselves, themselves (accusative)


čь

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian: čȁ (occurring in the Čakavian dialects, which are named for their use of this pronoun)

West Slavic:

Czech: č (in contractions like oč, več, zač)

Old Polish: cz (in contractions like ocz, wecz, zacz)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ki, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷíd.


oně

sla-decl-pron-table

Declension of <i class="Latn mention" lang="sla-pro">*oně</i> (hard pronominal)


mę

East Slavic:

Belarusian: мяне́ (mjanjé)

Russian: меня́ (menjá) (< *menę, a blend of genitive *mene and accusative *mę)

Old Novgorodian: ⰿⱑ (mě)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: мѧ

Bulgarian: ме (me)

Macedonian: ме (me)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ме

Latin script: me

Slovene: me

West Slavic:

Czech: mě

Polish: mię

Slovak: ma

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: mě

Upper Sorbian: mje


kъto

kъ̏to (canonical)
kъto (feminine masculine nominative)
čьto (neuter nominative)
kъto (accusative feminine masculine)
čьto (accusative neuter)
kogo (feminine genitive masculine)
česo (genitive neuter)
komь (feminine locative masculine)
čemь (locative neuter)
komu (dative feminine masculine)
čemu (dative neuter)
cěmь (feminine instrumental masculine)
čimь (instrumental neuter)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: къто (kŭto), кто (kto)
Old Ruthenian: хто (xto), кто (kto)
Belarusian: хто (xto)
Carpathian Rusyn: хто (xto)
Ukrainian: хто (xto); кто (kto), фто (fto) (dialectal)
Russian: кто (kto); хто (xto) (dialectal)

Old Novgorodian: кето (keto)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: къто (kŭto)

Glagolitic script: ⰽⱏⱅⱁ (kŭto)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тко̏ (Štokavian, Croatia), ко̏ (Štokavian, Bosnia, Serbia), кдо (Kajkavian)

Latin script: tkȍ (Štokavian, Croatia), kȍ (Štokavian, Bosnia, Serbia), kdo (Kajkavian)

Slovene: kdọ̄ (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kto
Czech: kdo

Old Polish: kto
Polish: kto
Silesian: fto

Slovak: kto

Polabian: kåtü

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: chto

Slovincian: chtô

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: chto

Upper Sorbian: štó

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kas + a particle *-to. Further from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos.


tobojǫ

East Slavic:

desc

Belarusian: табо́ю (tabóju), табо́й (tabój)

Russian: тобо́ю (tobóju), тобо́й (tobój)

Ukrainian: тобою (toboju)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: тобоѭ (tobojǫ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic: (то̏бо̄м)

Latin: (tȍbōm)

Slovene: teboj

West Slavic:

Czech: tebou

Polish: tobą

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: tobą

Slovak: tebou

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: tobu

Upper Sorbian: tobu

(with) thee, you (singular); instrumental of *ty


sobojǫ

East Slavic:

Belarusian: сабо́ю (sabóju), сабо́й (sabój)

Russian: собо́ю (sobóju), собо́й (sobój)

Ukrainian: собою (soboju)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: собоѭ (sobojǫ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic: (со̏бо̄м)

Latin: (sȍbōm)

Slovene: seboj

West Slavic:

Czech: sebou

Polish: sobą

Pannonian Rusyn: собу (sobu)

Slovak: sebou

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: sobu

Upper Sorbian: sobu

(with) oneself, each other; instrumental of *sę


mьně

East Slavic:

Belarusian: мне (mnje)

Russian: мне (mne)

Ukrainian: мені (meni)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: мьнѣ (mĭně)

Bulgarian: мене (mene)

Macedonian: мене (mene)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ме̏ни

Latin script: mȅni

Slovene: meni

West Slavic:

Czech: mně

Polish: mnie

Slovak: mne

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: mnjo

Upper Sorbian: mni


namъ

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: намъ (namŭ)

Belarusian: нам (nam)

Russian: нам (nam)

Ukrainian: нам (nam)

Old Novgorodian: намъ (namŭ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: намъ (namŭ)

Bulgarian: нам (nam)

Macedonian: нам (nam)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: нам

Latin script: nam

Slovene: nam

West Slavic:

Czech: nám

Polish: nam

Slovak: nám

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: nam

Upper Sorbian: nam


tebě

East Slavic:

Belarusian: табе́ (tabjé)

Russian: тебе́ (tebé)

Ukrainian: тобі (tobi)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: тебѣ (tebě)

Bulgarian: тебе (tebe)

Macedonian: тебе (tebe)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: те̏би

Latin script: tȅbi

Slovene: tebi

West Slavic:

Czech: tobě

Polish: tobie

Slovak: tebe

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: tebje

Upper Sorbian: tebi

(at) thee, you (singular); locative of *ty


vami

East Slavic:

Belarusian: вамі (vami)

Russian: вами (vami)

Ukrainian: вами (vamy)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: вами (vami)

Slovene: vami

West Slavic:

Czech: vámi

Polish: wami

Slovak: vami

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: wami

Upper Sorbian: wami

(with) you (plural); instrumental of *vy


vasъ

East Slavic:

Belarusian: вас (vas)

Russian: вас (vas)

Ukrainian: вас (vas)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: васъ (vasŭ)

Bulgarian: вас (vas)

Macedonian: вас (vas)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ва̑с

Latin script: vȃs

Slovene: vas

West Slavic:

Czech: vás

Polish: was

Slovak: vás

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: was

Upper Sorbian: was


vamъ

East Slavic:

Belarusian: вам (vam)

Russian: вам (vam)

Ukrainian: вам (vam)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: вамъ (vamŭ)

Bulgarian: вам (vam)

Macedonian: вам (vam)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: вам

Latin script: vam

Slovene: vam

West Slavic:

Czech: vám

Polish: wam

Slovak: vám

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: wam

Upper Sorbian: wam


sebě

East Slavic:

Belarusian: сабе́ (sabjé)

Russian: себе́ (sebé)

Ukrainian: собі (sobi)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: себѣ (sebě)

Bulgarian: себе (sebe)

Macedonian: себе (sebe)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: се̏би

Latin script: sȅbi

Slovene: sebi

West Slavic:

Czech: sobě

Polish: sobie

Slovak: sebe

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: sebje

Upper Sorbian: sebi

(at) oneself, each other; locative of *sę


onъ

sla-decl-pron-table

Declension of <i class="Latn mention" lang="sla-pro">*onъ</i> (hard pronominal)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: онъ (onŭ)

Old Ruthenian: онъ (on), вонъ (von)

Belarusian: ён (jon)

Carpathian Rusyn: он (on), він (vin)

Ukrainian: він (vin)

Russian: он (on)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: онъ (onŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱁⱀⱏ (onŭ)

Bulgarian: он (on) (archaic)

Macedonian: он (on) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: о̑н

Latin script: ȏn

Slovene: ȍn (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: on
Czech: on

Old Polish: on
Polish: on
Silesian: ôn

Polabian: vån

Slovak: on

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: òn

Slovincian: wôn

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: wón

Lower Sorbian: wón


nasъ

East Slavic:

Belarusian: нас (nas)

Russian: нас (nas)

Ukrainian: нас (nas)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: насъ (nasŭ)

Bulgarian: нас (nas)

Macedonian: нас (nas)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: на̑с

Latin script: nȃs

Slovene: nas

West Slavic:

Czech: nás

Polish: nas

Slovak: nás

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: nas

Upper Sorbian: nas


mъnojǫ

East Slavic:

Belarusian: мно́ю (mnóju), мной (mnoj)

Russian: мно́ю (mnóju), мной (mnoj)

Ukrainian: мно́ю (mnóju)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: мъноѭ (mŭnojǫ)

Glagolitic: ⰿⱏⱀⱁⱙ (mŭnojǫ)

Slovene: mnoj

West Slavic:

Old Czech: mnú

Czech: mnou

Slovak: mnou

Polish: mną

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: mnu

Lower Sorbian: mnu


vaju

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: ваю (vaju)

Slovene: vaju

West Slavic:

Kashubian: waju

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: waju

Upper Sorbian: waju


naju

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: наю (naju)

Slovene: naju

West Slavic:

Kashubian: naju

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: naju

Upper Sorbian: naju


tъ

Declension of <i class="Latn mention" lang="sla-pro">*tъ</i> (hard pronominal)

tъ (masculine nominative singular)
ta (feminine nominative singular)
to (neuter nominative singular)
tъ (accusative masculine singular)
tǫ (accusative feminine singular)
to (accusative neuter singular)
togo (genitive masculine singular)
toję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
togo (genitive neuter singular)
tomь (locative masculine singular)
toji (feminine locative singular)
tomь (locative neuter singular)
tomu (dative masculine singular)
toji (dative feminine singular)
tomu (dative neuter singular)
těmь (instrumental masculine singular)
tojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
těmь (instrumental neuter singular)
ta (dual masculine nominative)
tě (dual feminine nominative)
tě (dual neuter nominative)
ta (accusative dual masculine)
tě (accusative dual feminine)
tě (accusative dual neuter)
toju (dual genitive masculine)
toju (dual feminine genitive)
toju (dual genitive neuter)
toju (dual locative masculine)
toju (dual feminine locative)
toju (dual locative neuter)
těma (dative dual masculine)
těma (dative dual feminine)
těma (dative dual neuter)
těma (dual instrumental masculine)
těma (dual feminine instrumental)
těma (dual instrumental neuter)
ti (masculine nominative plural)
ty (feminine nominative plural)
ta (neuter nominative plural)
ty (accusative masculine plural)
ty (accusative feminine plural)
ta (accusative neuter plural)
těxъ (genitive masculine plural)
těxъ (feminine genitive plural)
těxъ (genitive neuter plural)
těxъ (locative masculine plural)
těxъ (feminine locative plural)
těxъ (locative neuter plural)
těmъ (dative masculine plural)
těmъ (dative feminine plural)
těmъ (dative neuter plural)
těmi (instrumental masculine plural)
těmi (feminine instrumental plural)
těmi (instrumental neuter plural)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: тъ (tŭ)

Belarusian: той (toj)

Russian: тот (tot), этот (etot)

Russenorsk: etta

Carpathian Rusyn: тот (tot)

Ukrainian: той (toj), тот (tot) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: тъ (tŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱅⱏ (tŭ)

Bulgarian: то́зи (tózi), той (toj)

Macedonian: тој (toj)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: та̑ј

Latin script: tȃj

Slovene: tȃ (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: ten
Czech: ten

desctree

Old Polish: ten
Polish: ten
Silesian: tyn

Slovak: ten

Polabian: tå

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: ten

Slovincian: tên

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: tón

Lower Sorbian: ten

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tas, from Proto-Indo-European *só, séh₂, tód.
Cognate with Lithuanian tàs, tà, taĩ; Latvian tas, tā; Old Prussian stas, sta / stai, sta.

tako

*takъ (“such, such a (kind of), of that kind”)


kolikъ

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: коликъ (kolikŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰽⱁⰾⰻⰽⱏ (kolikŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: колѝкӣ

Latin script: kolìkī

West Slavic:

Old Czech: koliký

Czech: kolik


nikъto

nikъto (feminine masculine nominative)
ničьto (neuter nominative)
nikъto (accusative feminine masculine)
ničьto (accusative neuter)
nikogo (feminine genitive masculine)
ničeso (genitive neuter)
nikomь (feminine locative masculine)
ničemь (locative neuter)
nikomu (dative feminine masculine)
ničemu (dative neuter)
nicěmь (feminine instrumental masculine)
ničimь (instrumental neuter)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: ніхто́ (nixtó)

Russian: никто́ (niktó), нихто́ (nixtó) (regional)

desc

Carpathian Rusyn: нихто (nyxto), нико (nyko)

Ukrainian: ніхто́ (nixtó)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: никъто (nikŭto)

Glagolitic script: [Term?]

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ни̏тко (Štokavian, Croatia), ни̏ко (Štokavian, Bosnia, Serbia), никдо (Kajkavian)

Latin script: nȉtko (Štokavian, Croatia), nȉko (Štokavian, Bosnia, Serbia), nikdo (Kajkavian)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: nikto
Czech: nikdo

desctree

Old Polish: nikt
Polish: nikt
Silesian: nikt

Slovak: nikto

Polabian: nekåtü

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: nicht

Slovincian: njicht

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: nicht

Upper Sorbian: ništó


ničьto

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic:

desc

Old Ruthenian: ништо (ništo), ничто (ničto)

Belarusian: нішто́ (ništó)

Ukrainian: ніщо́ (niščó)

Russian: ничто́ (ništó); ничё (ničó), ничо́ (ničó) (nonstandard)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: ничьто (ničĭto)

Glagolitic script: [Term?]

Bulgarian: ни́що (níšto)

Macedonian: ништо (ništo)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ни̏што, ни̏шта

Latin script: nȉšto, nȉšta

Slovene: nič

West Slavic:

Old Czech: ničs
Czech: nic

desctree

Old Polish: nic
Polish: nic
Silesian: nic

Slovak: nič

Polabian: nic

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: nic

Slovincian: njic

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: nic

Upper Sorbian: ništo


samъ

sla-decl-pron-table

Declension of <i class="Latn mention" lang="sla-pro">*samъ</i> (hard pronominal)

samъ (masculine nominative singular)
sama (feminine nominative singular)
samo (neuter nominative singular)
samъ (accusative masculine singular)
samǫ (accusative feminine singular)
samo (accusative neuter singular)
samogo (genitive masculine singular)
samoję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
samogo (genitive neuter singular)
samomь (locative masculine singular)
samoji (feminine locative singular)
samomь (locative neuter singular)
samomu (dative masculine singular)
samoji (dative feminine singular)
samomu (dative neuter singular)
saměmь (instrumental masculine singular)
samojǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
saměmь (instrumental neuter singular)
sama (dual masculine nominative)
samě (dual feminine nominative)
samě (dual neuter nominative)
sama (accusative dual masculine)
samě (accusative dual feminine)
samě (accusative dual neuter)
samoju (dual genitive masculine)
samoju (dual feminine genitive)
samoju (dual genitive neuter)
samoju (dual locative masculine)
samoju (dual feminine locative)
samoju (dual locative neuter)
saměma (dative dual masculine)
saměma (dative dual feminine)
saměma (dative dual neuter)
saměma (dual instrumental masculine)
saměma (dual feminine instrumental)
saměma (dual instrumental neuter)
sami (masculine nominative plural)
samy (feminine nominative plural)
sama (neuter nominative plural)
samy (accusative masculine plural)
samy (accusative feminine plural)
sama (accusative neuter plural)
saměxъ (genitive masculine plural)
saměxъ (feminine genitive plural)
saměxъ (genitive neuter plural)
saměxъ (locative masculine plural)
saměxъ (feminine locative plural)
saměxъ (locative neuter plural)
saměmъ (dative masculine plural)
saměmъ (dative feminine plural)
saměmъ (dative neuter plural)
saměmi (instrumental masculine plural)
saměmi (feminine instrumental plural)
saměmi (instrumental neuter plural)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: самъ (samŭ)

Belarusian: сам (sam)

Russian: сам (sam)

Ukrainian: сам (sam)

Old Novgorodian: саме (same)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: самъ (samŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⰰⰿⱏ (samŭ)

Bulgarian: сам (sam)

Macedonian: сам (sam)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: са̑м

Latin script: sȃm

Slovene: sam

West Slavic:

Old Czech: sám

Czech: sám

desctree

Old Polish: sam
Polish: sam
Silesian: sōm

Slovak: sám

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: sóm

Slovincian: sóm

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: sam

Lower Sorbian: sam

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sāmas, from Proto-Indo-European *somHós.


vьxъde

East Slavic: via *vьsьde (3rd palatalization)

Old East Slavic:

desc

Old Ruthenian: везде (vezde), везьде (vezʹde)

Russian: везде́ (vezdé), всегде́ (vsegdé)

South Slavic: via *vьsьde (3rd palatalization)

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: вьсьде (vĭsĭde)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: вся́къде (vsjákǎde)

Macedonian: се́каде (sékade)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сва̏где, сва̏гдје

Latin: svȁgde, svȁgdje

Slovene: vsigde

West Slavic: via *vьšьde (3rd palatalization)

Old Czech: vešde, vežde

Polabian: visdė

Polish: wszędzie

Slovak: všade

ru:Аникин, Александр Евгеньевич


vьśь

sla-decl-pron-table

Declension of <i class="Latn mention" lang="sla-pro">*vьśь</i> (mixed pronominal)

vьśь (masculine nominative singular)
vьśa (feminine nominative singular)
vьśe (neuter nominative singular)
vьśь (accusative masculine singular)
vьśǫ (accusative feminine singular)
vьśe (accusative neuter singular)
vьśego (genitive masculine singular)
vьśeję̇ (feminine genitive singular)
vьśego (genitive neuter singular)
vьśemь (locative masculine singular)
vьśeji (feminine locative singular)
vьśemь (locative neuter singular)
vьśemu (dative masculine singular)
vьśeji (dative feminine singular)
vьśemu (dative neuter singular)
vьśěmь (instrumental masculine singular)
vьśejǫ (feminine instrumental singular)
vьśěmь (instrumental neuter singular)
vьśa (dual masculine nominative)
vьśi (dual feminine nominative)
vьśi (dual neuter nominative)
vьśa (accusative dual masculine)
vьśi (accusative dual feminine)
vьśi (accusative dual neuter)
vьśeju (dual genitive masculine)
vьśeju (dual feminine genitive)
vьśeju (dual genitive neuter)
vьśeju (dual locative masculine)
vьśeju (dual feminine locative)
vьśeju (dual locative neuter)
vьśěma (dative dual masculine)
vьśěma (dative dual feminine)
vьśěma (dative dual neuter)
vьśěma (dual instrumental masculine)
vьśěma (dual feminine instrumental)
vьśěma (dual instrumental neuter)
vьśi (masculine nominative plural)
vьśę̇ (feminine nominative plural)
vьśa (neuter nominative plural)
vьśę̇ (accusative masculine plural)
vьśę̇ (accusative feminine plural)
vьśa (accusative neuter plural)
vьśěxъ (genitive masculine plural)
vьśěxъ (feminine genitive plural)
vьśěxъ (genitive neuter plural)
vьśěxъ (locative masculine plural)
vьśěxъ (feminine locative plural)
vьśěxъ (locative neuter plural)
vьśěmъ (dative masculine plural)
vьśěmъ (dative feminine plural)
vьśěmъ (dative neuter plural)
vьśěmi (instrumental masculine plural)
vьśěmi (feminine instrumental plural)
vьśěmi (instrumental neuter plural)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: вьсь (vĭsĭ), весь (vesĭ)

Old Ruthenian: весь (vesʹ), ввесь (vvesʹ), увесь (uvesʹ)

Belarusian: весь (vjesʹ), ўвесь (ŭvjesʹ), увесь (uvjesʹ)

Carpathian Rusyn: весь (vesʹ)

Ukrainian: весь (vesʹ), ввесь (vvesʹ), увесь (uvesʹ)

Russian: весь (vesʹ)

Old Novgorodian: въхе (vŭxe), вьсь (vĭsĭ)

South Slavic

Old Church Slavonic: вьсь (vĭsĭ)

Bulgarian: вси (vsi)

Macedonian: сиот (siot)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: са̏в, ва̑с

Latin script: sȁv, vȃs

Slovene: və̏s (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: veš

Polabian: vis

Old Polish: wiesz

Slovak: vše- (not as a standalone word but as a prefix in words meaning all: všetci – everybody, všetko – everything)

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: wšen

Upper Sorbian: wšón

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wišas, from Proto-Indo-European *wi-so-s, from *wi (“separated, divided; two parts of a whole”). Cognate with Lithuanian visas, Latvian viss, Old Prussian wissa f sg (“all”), Proto-Indo-Iranian *wíćwas.

inh+

Marko Snoj
uk:Мельничук Олександр Савич


čьsokolivěkъ

West Slavic:

Old Czech: čsokolivěk

Czech: cokolivěk (bookish)

Old Polish: cokolwiek

Polish: cokolwiek

Old Slovak: čokoľvek, čôkoľvek

Slovak: čokoľvek

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: cokòlwiek, coskòlwiek

Slovincian: côkôlwjek

From *čьso (“what”) + *kolivěkъ (generalizing particle).


kъžьdo

kъžьdo (nominative singular)
kogožьdo (genitive singular)
komužьdo (dative singular)
kogožьdo (accusative singular)
cěmьžьdo (instrumental singular)
komьžьdo (locative singular)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: къжьдо (kŭžĭdo)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: къжьдо (kŭžĭdo)

Glagolitic script: ⰽⱏⰶⱐⰴⱁ (kŭžĭdo)

Alternative form of *kъžьde (“each, every”)


kažьdo

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic: каждо (každo) (Serbian recension)

Alternative form of *kažьde (“each, every”)


kožьdo

East Slavic

Old East Slavic: кожьдо (kožĭdo)

Old Ruthenian: ко́ждо (kóždo)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: кожьдо (kožĭdo)

Glagolitic script: ⰽⱁⰶⱐⰴⱁ (kožĭdo)

Alternative form of *kožьde (“each, every”)


kъžьde

kъžьde (nominative singular)
kogožьde (genitive singular)
komužьde (dative singular)
kogožьde (accusative singular)
cěmьžьde (instrumental singular)
komьžьde (locative singular)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: къжде (kŭžde)

Glagolitic script: ⰽⱏⰶⰴⰵ (kŭžde)

West Slavic:

⇒? Old Polish: kieżdy (hapax?)

From *kъ (“who”) + *žьde (“any, ever”). The all-Slavic range of the word is evidenced by an alternative form. In post-Proto-Slavic displaced by *kъžьdъ with adjective-like declension.

(West and South Slavic, originally) anybody, anyone

West and South Slavic; originally; West and South Slavic; originally


kožьde

East Slavic:

⇒ Old East Slavic: кожьдъ (kožĭdŭ)

Old Ruthenian: ко́жный (kóžnyj)

desc

Belarusian: ко́жны (kóžny), (dialectal) ко́жды (kóždy)

⇒ Belarusian: (dialectal) ко́жэн (kóžen)

Ukrainian: ко́жний (kóžnyj), (dialectal) ко́ждий (kóždyj), куждий (kuždyj)

West Slavic:

⇒ Czech: (dialectal) koždy

⇒ Kashubian: kòżdi

⇒ Old Polish: kożdy

⇒ Old Polish: koliżdy, kolżdy

Polish: (dialectal) kożdy, kużdy, kóżdy

⇒ Silesian: kożdy

⇒ Slovincian: kõżdy

Sorbian:

⇒ Lower Sorbian: kuždy, kóždy

⇒ Upper Sorbian: kóždy

Unclear, probably from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos (“who”) + *žьde (“any, ever”). The all-Slavic range of the word is evidenced by an alternative form. In post-Proto-Slavic displaced by *kožьdъ with adjective-like declension.


kažьde

East Slavic:

⇒ Old East Slavic: кажьдъ (kažĭdŭ)

Old Ruthenian: каждый (každyj)

desc

Belarusian: (dialectal) ка́жны (kážny), ка́жіны (kážiny)

⇒ Belarusian: (dialectal) ка́жэн (kážen)

Ukrainian: (dialectal) ка́жний (kážnyj)

Russian: ка́ждый (káždyj); (dialectal) ка́ждный (káždnyj), ка́жный (kážnyj)

⇒ Russian: (dialectal) ка́жен (kážen), ка́жиный (kážinyj), ка́жинный (kážinnyj), кажедён (kažedjón)

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic: кажде (každe) (Serbian declension)

West Slavic:

⇒ Old Czech: každý

Czech: každý

desctree

⇒ Old Polish: każdy
Polish: każdy
Silesian: każdy

⇒ Slovak: každý

⇒ Polabian: kozdümĕ (dative)

Pomeranian:

⇒ Kashubian: kòżdi

⇒ Slovincian: kóżdy

Sorbian:

desc

⇒ Lower Sorbian: (obsolete) každy, kaldy, (dialectal) kalždy

Unclear, probably from Proto-Indo-European *kʷéh₂ f (“who”) + *žьde (“any, ever”), compare Sanskrit का f (kā). In post-Proto-Slavic displaced by *kažьdъ with adjective-like declension.


kъdy

(West and South Slavic, interrogative) Alternative form of *kъda (“when?”)

(West and South Slavic, indefinite) Alternative form of *kъda (“whenever”)


kъda

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kadāˀn, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷodéh₂. By surface analysis, univerbation of *kъ + *da. Compare Lithuanian kadà, Latvian kad, Old Prussian kaden, maybe Sanskrit कदा (kadā́).
Expected Proto-Slavic *koda was probably influenced by *kъde (“where?”).