See řuma in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "řumati"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "рюма",
"3": "рума",
"4": ";",
"5": "рюмъ<g:m>",
"6": "румъ<g:m>"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: рюма (rjuma), рума (ruma); рюмъ m (rjumŭ), румъ m (rumŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: рюма (rjuma), рума (ruma); рюмъ m (rjumŭ), румъ m (rumŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "рум<g:m>",
"3": ";",
"4": "лю́ма<qq:dialectal>",
"der2": "1"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: рум m (rum); ⇒ лю́ма (ljúma) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: рум m (rum); ⇒ лю́ма (ljúma) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "ру́мза",
"3": ";",
"4": "рю́мза<qq:dialectal>",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Belarusian: ру́мза (rúmza); рю́мза (rjúmza) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Belarusian: ру́мза (rúmza); рю́мза (rjúmza) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "рю́ма",
"3": ";",
"4": "рюм<g:m>",
"5": "рум<g:m><qq:dialectal>"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: рю́ма (rjúma); рюм m (rjum), рум m (rum) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: рю́ма (rjúma); рюм m (rjum), рум m (rum) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "рю́мса",
"3": ";",
"4": "ру́мса<qq:dialectal>",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Ukrainian: рю́мса (rjúmsa); ру́мса (rúmsa) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Ukrainian: рю́мса (rjúmsa); ру́мса (rúmsa) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "рю́ма",
"3": "ру́ма"
},
"expansion": "Russian: рю́ма (rjúma), ру́ма (rúma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: рю́ма (rjúma), ру́ма (rúma)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "рю́мза",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Russian: рю́мза (rjúmza)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Russian: рю́мза (rjúmza)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "rum"
},
"expansion": "Czech: rum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: rum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "rum<g:m>"
},
"expansion": "Polish: rum m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: rum m"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "рыма<qq:dialectal>"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: рыма (ryma) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: рыма (ryma) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ры́мза<qq:dialectal>",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Russian: ры́мза (rýmza) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Russian: ры́мза (rýmza) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "rýma"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: rýma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: rýma"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "rýma"
},
"expansion": "Czech: rýma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: rýma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*rjauˀmāˀ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *rjauˀmāˀ f",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*rjauˀmāˀ",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *rjauˀmāˀ f",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*h₃rewH-meh₂",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃rewH-meh₂ f",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rūmor",
"t": "rumor"
},
"expansion": "Latin rūmor (“rumor”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*roumōs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *roumōs",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*řuti",
"3": "*-ma",
"t1": "to roar"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, *řuti (“to roar”) + *-ma",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *rjauˀmāˀ f, *rjauˀmas m, *rūˀm-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rewH-meh₂ f, *h₃rewH-mos m, *h₃ruH-m-, from *h₃rewH- (“to roar”). Cognate with Latin rūmor (“rumor”) (from Proto-Italic *roumōs).\nBy surface analysis, *řuti (“to roar”) + *-ma. The extension ‑з‑ (‑с‑) in East Slavic languages characterizes the intensity of the action.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "řuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "řumě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "řumy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "řumy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "řumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "řumъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "řumě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "řumama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "řumamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "řumǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "řumě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "řumy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "řumojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "řumǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "řumama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "řumami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "řumě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "řumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "řumasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "řumaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "řumo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "řumě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "řumy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/řuma",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"noise, clamor, uproar"
],
"id": "en-řuma-sla-pro-noun-0Fw31Q4Y",
"links": [
[
"noise",
"noise"
],
[
"clamor",
"clamor"
],
[
"uproar",
"uproar"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 90",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 90",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ma",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crybaby, sniveller"
],
"id": "en-řuma-sla-pro-noun-mOYaO9V0",
"links": [
[
"crybaby",
"crybaby"
],
[
"sniveller",
"sniveller"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "řuma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ma"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "řumati"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "рюма",
"3": "рума",
"4": ";",
"5": "рюмъ<g:m>",
"6": "румъ<g:m>"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: рюма (rjuma), рума (ruma); рюмъ m (rjumŭ), румъ m (rumŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: рюма (rjuma), рума (ruma); рюмъ m (rjumŭ), румъ m (rumŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "рум<g:m>",
"3": ";",
"4": "лю́ма<qq:dialectal>",
"der2": "1"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: рум m (rum); ⇒ лю́ма (ljúma) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: рум m (rum); ⇒ лю́ма (ljúma) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "ру́мза",
"3": ";",
"4": "рю́мза<qq:dialectal>",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Belarusian: ру́мза (rúmza); рю́мза (rjúmza) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Belarusian: ру́мза (rúmza); рю́мза (rjúmza) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "рю́ма",
"3": ";",
"4": "рюм<g:m>",
"5": "рум<g:m><qq:dialectal>"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: рю́ма (rjúma); рюм m (rjum), рум m (rum) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: рю́ма (rjúma); рюм m (rjum), рум m (rum) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "рю́мса",
"3": ";",
"4": "ру́мса<qq:dialectal>",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Ukrainian: рю́мса (rjúmsa); ру́мса (rúmsa) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Ukrainian: рю́мса (rjúmsa); ру́мса (rúmsa) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "рю́ма",
"3": "ру́ма"
},
"expansion": "Russian: рю́ма (rjúma), ру́ма (rúma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: рю́ма (rjúma), ру́ма (rúma)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "рю́мза",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Russian: рю́мза (rjúmza)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Russian: рю́мза (rjúmza)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "rum"
},
"expansion": "Czech: rum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: rum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "rum<g:m>"
},
"expansion": "Polish: rum m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: rum m"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "рыма<qq:dialectal>"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: рыма (ryma) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: рыма (ryma) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ры́мза<qq:dialectal>",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Russian: ры́мза (rýmza) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Russian: ры́мза (rýmza) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "rýma"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: rýma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: rýma"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "rýma"
},
"expansion": "Czech: rýma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: rýma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*rjauˀmāˀ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *rjauˀmāˀ f",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*rjauˀmāˀ",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *rjauˀmāˀ f",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*h₃rewH-meh₂",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃rewH-meh₂ f",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rūmor",
"t": "rumor"
},
"expansion": "Latin rūmor (“rumor”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*roumōs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *roumōs",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*řuti",
"3": "*-ma",
"t1": "to roar"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, *řuti (“to roar”) + *-ma",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *rjauˀmāˀ f, *rjauˀmas m, *rūˀm-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rewH-meh₂ f, *h₃rewH-mos m, *h₃ruH-m-, from *h₃rewH- (“to roar”). Cognate with Latin rūmor (“rumor”) (from Proto-Italic *roumōs).\nBy surface analysis, *řuti (“to roar”) + *-ma. The extension ‑з‑ (‑с‑) in East Slavic languages characterizes the intensity of the action.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "řuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "řumě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "řumy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "řumy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "řumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "řumъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "řumě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "řumama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "řumamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "řumǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "řumě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "řumy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "řumojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "řumǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "řumama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "řumami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "řumě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "řumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "řumasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "řumaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "řumo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "řumě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "řumy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/řuma",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"noise, clamor, uproar"
],
"links": [
[
"noise",
"noise"
],
[
"clamor",
"clamor"
],
[
"uproar",
"uproar"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"crybaby, sniveller"
],
"links": [
[
"crybaby",
"crybaby"
],
[
"sniveller",
"sniveller"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "řuma"
}
Download raw JSONL data for řuma meaning in Proto-Slavic (7.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (94ba7e1 and 5dea2a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.