See vьlna in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for vьlna meaning in Proto-Slavic (14.1kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "вълна"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: вълна (vŭlna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: вълна (vŭlna)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "волна"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: волна (volna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: волна (volna)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "во́ўна"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: во́ўна (vóŭna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: во́ўна (vóŭna)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "во́вна"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: во́вна (vóvna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: во́вна (vóvna)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "во́лна"
},
"expansion": "Russian: во́лна (vólna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: во́лна (vólna)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "вльна",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: вльна (vlĭna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: вльна (vlĭna)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⰲⰾⱐⱀⰰ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰲⰾⱐⱀⰰ (vlĭna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⰲⰾⱐⱀⰰ (vlĭna)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "въ́лна"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: въ́лна (vǎ́lna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: въ́лна (vǎ́lna)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "волна"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: волна (volna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: волна (volna)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ву̏на",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ву̏на",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ву̏на"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "vȕna",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: vȕna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: vȕna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "vółna",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: vółna",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vółna"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: vółna (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: vółna (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "vlna"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: vlna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: vlna"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "vlna"
},
"expansion": "Czech: vlna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: vlna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "wôłna"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: wôłna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: wôłna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "våuno",
"3": "vuno"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: våuno, vuno",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: våuno, vuno"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "wełna"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: wełna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: wełna"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "wełna"
},
"expansion": "Polish: wełna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: wełna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "vlna"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: vlna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: vlna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "wołma"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: wołma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: wołma"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "wałma"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: wałma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: wałma"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Schleifer dialect"
},
"expansion": "(Schleifer dialect)",
"name": "a"
}
],
"text": "(Schleifer dialect): wełma"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂welh₁-",
"id": "wool"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*wílˀnāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *wílˀnāˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wílˀnāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vь̀lna",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnǭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnamī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vь̀lna",
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vьlna",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wool"
],
"id": "en-vьlna-sla-pro-noun-~rZyoubq",
"links": [
[
"wool",
"wool"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "vьlna"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "вълна"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: вълна (vŭlna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: вълна (vŭlna)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "волна"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: волна (volna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: волна (volna)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "волна́"
},
"expansion": "Russian: волна́ (volná)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: волна́ (volná)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "вльна",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: вльна (vlĭna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: вльна (vlĭna)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⰲⰾⱐⱀⰰ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰲⰾⱐⱀⰰ (vlĭna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⰲⰾⱐⱀⰰ (vlĭna)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "вълна́"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: вълна́ (vǎlná)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: вълна́ (vǎlná)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "vlna"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: vlna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: vlna"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "vlna"
},
"expansion": "Czech: vlna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: vlna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "wełna"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: wełna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: wełna"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "wełna"
},
"expansion": "Polish: wełna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: wełna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "vlna"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: vlna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: vlna"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*wiln-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *wiln-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*welH-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *welH-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "vilnìs"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian vilnìs",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "vilņa"
},
"expansion": "Latvian vilņa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऊर्मि",
"3": "",
"4": "wave"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit ऊर्मि (ūrmi, “wave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "valë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian valë",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wella"
},
"expansion": "Old High German wella",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Welle"
},
"expansion": "German Welle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "well"
},
"expansion": "English well",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "vella"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse vella",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wiln-, from Proto-Indo-European *welH-.\nBaltic cognates include Lithuanian vilnìs, vilnià, Latvian vilņa\nIndo-European cognates include Sanskrit ऊर्मि (ūrmi, “wave”), Albanian valë, Old High German wella, German Welle, English well, Old Norse vella.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vьlnà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlnà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̑lně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̑lny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlný",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlnù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̃lnъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlně̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlnàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlnàmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̑lnǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̑lně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̑lny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlnojǫ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlnàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlnàmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̑lně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlnù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlnàsъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlnàxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̑lně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̑lny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vьlna",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wave"
],
"id": "en-vьlna-sla-pro-noun-SxJeyZp0",
"links": [
[
"wave",
"wave"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "vьlna"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂welh₁- (wool)",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "вълна"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: вълна (vŭlna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: вълна (vŭlna)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "волна"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: волна (volna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: волна (volna)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "во́ўна"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: во́ўна (vóŭna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: во́ўна (vóŭna)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "во́вна"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: во́вна (vóvna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: во́вна (vóvna)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "во́лна"
},
"expansion": "Russian: во́лна (vólna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: во́лна (vólna)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "вльна",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: вльна (vlĭna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: вльна (vlĭna)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⰲⰾⱐⱀⰰ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰲⰾⱐⱀⰰ (vlĭna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⰲⰾⱐⱀⰰ (vlĭna)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "въ́лна"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: въ́лна (vǎ́lna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: въ́лна (vǎ́lna)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "волна"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: волна (volna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: волна (volna)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ву̏на",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ву̏на",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ву̏на"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "vȕna",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: vȕna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: vȕna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "vółna",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: vółna",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vółna"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: vółna (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: vółna (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "vlna"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: vlna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: vlna"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "vlna"
},
"expansion": "Czech: vlna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: vlna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "wôłna"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: wôłna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: wôłna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "våuno",
"3": "vuno"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: våuno, vuno",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: våuno, vuno"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "wełna"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: wełna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: wełna"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "wełna"
},
"expansion": "Polish: wełna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: wełna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "vlna"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: vlna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: vlna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "wołma"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: wołma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: wołma"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "wałma"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: wałma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: wałma"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Schleifer dialect"
},
"expansion": "(Schleifer dialect)",
"name": "a"
}
],
"text": "(Schleifer dialect): wełma"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂welh₁-",
"id": "wool"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*wílˀnāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *wílˀnāˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wílˀnāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vь̀lna",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnǭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnamī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lnaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̀lny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vь̀lna",
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vьlna",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"sla-pro:Materials"
],
"glosses": [
"wool"
],
"links": [
[
"wool",
"wool"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "vьlna"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "вълна"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: вълна (vŭlna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: вълна (vŭlna)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "волна"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: волна (volna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: волна (volna)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "волна́"
},
"expansion": "Russian: волна́ (volná)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: волна́ (volná)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "вльна",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: вльна (vlĭna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: вльна (vlĭna)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⰲⰾⱐⱀⰰ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰲⰾⱐⱀⰰ (vlĭna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⰲⰾⱐⱀⰰ (vlĭna)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "вълна́"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: вълна́ (vǎlná)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: вълна́ (vǎlná)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "vlna"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: vlna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: vlna"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "vlna"
},
"expansion": "Czech: vlna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: vlna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "wełna"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: wełna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: wełna"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "wełna"
},
"expansion": "Polish: wełna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: wełna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "vlna"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: vlna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: vlna"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*wiln-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *wiln-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*welH-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *welH-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "vilnìs"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian vilnìs",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "vilņa"
},
"expansion": "Latvian vilņa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऊर्मि",
"3": "",
"4": "wave"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit ऊर्मि (ūrmi, “wave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "valë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian valë",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wella"
},
"expansion": "Old High German wella",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Welle"
},
"expansion": "German Welle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "well"
},
"expansion": "English well",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "vella"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse vella",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wiln-, from Proto-Indo-European *welH-.\nBaltic cognates include Lithuanian vilnìs, vilnià, Latvian vilņa\nIndo-European cognates include Sanskrit ऊर्मि (ūrmi, “wave”), Albanian valë, Old High German wella, German Welle, English well, Old Norse vella.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vьlnà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlnà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̑lně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̑lny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlný",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlnù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̃lnъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlně̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlnàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlnàmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̑lnǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̑lně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̑lny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlnojǫ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlnàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlnàmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̑lně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlnù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlnàsъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlnàxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vьlno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̑lně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vь̑lny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vьlna",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"wave"
],
"links": [
[
"wave",
"wave"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "vьlna"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.