See tokъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "tok",
"word": "ток"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "tok",
"word": "ток"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "tik",
"word": "тік"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "tokŭ",
"word": "токъ"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "tokŭ",
"word": "токъ"
},
{
"lang": "Glagolitic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "tokŭ",
"word": "ⱅⱁⰽⱏ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "tok",
"word": "ток"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "tok",
"word": "ток"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "то̑к"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "tȏk"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "tok"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "tok"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "tok"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "tok"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "tok"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb"
},
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "tok"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tekʷ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*takas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *takas",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tokʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tokʷos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*teťi",
"3": "*-ъ",
"t1": "to flow, run"
},
"expansion": "*teťi (“to flow, run”) + *-ъ",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "tãkas",
"3": "",
"4": "footpath, path"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian tãkas (“footpath, path”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "taka",
"3": "",
"4": "footpath, path"
},
"expansion": "Latvian taka (“footpath, path”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬙𐬀𐬐𐬀",
"3": "",
"4": "course"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬙𐬀𐬐𐬀 (taka, “course”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *takas, from Proto-Indo-European *tokʷos, from *tekʷ- (“to run, flow”). Equivalent to *teťi (“to flow, run”) + *-ъ.\nBaltic cognates include\nLithuanian tãkas (“footpath, path”),\nLatvian taka (“footpath, path”)\nIndo-European cognates include\nAvestan 𐬙𐬀𐬐𐬀 (taka, “course”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tȍkъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍkъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍka",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍka",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tokù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tòkъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tokomà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tokòmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍkъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍka",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍky",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍkъmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍkomь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tokomà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "toký",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍcě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tokù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "tocě̃xъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toče",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍka",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tȍkъ",
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tokъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "EDSIL without passage",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ъ",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"current, course, stream"
],
"id": "en-tokъ-sla-pro-noun-k12xtkz1",
"links": [
[
"current",
"current"
],
[
"course",
"course"
],
[
"stream",
"stream"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "tokъ"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "tok",
"word": "ток"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "tok",
"word": "ток"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "tik",
"word": "тік"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "tokŭ",
"word": "токъ"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "tokŭ",
"word": "токъ"
},
{
"lang": "Glagolitic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "tokŭ",
"word": "ⱅⱁⰽⱏ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "tok",
"word": "ток"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "tok",
"word": "ток"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "то̑к"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "tȏk"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "tok"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "tok"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "tok"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "tok"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "tok"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb"
},
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "tok"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tekʷ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*takas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *takas",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tokʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tokʷos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*teťi",
"3": "*-ъ",
"t1": "to flow, run"
},
"expansion": "*teťi (“to flow, run”) + *-ъ",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "tãkas",
"3": "",
"4": "footpath, path"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian tãkas (“footpath, path”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "taka",
"3": "",
"4": "footpath, path"
},
"expansion": "Latvian taka (“footpath, path”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬙𐬀𐬐𐬀",
"3": "",
"4": "course"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬙𐬀𐬐𐬀 (taka, “course”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *takas, from Proto-Indo-European *tokʷos, from *tekʷ- (“to run, flow”). Equivalent to *teťi (“to flow, run”) + *-ъ.\nBaltic cognates include\nLithuanian tãkas (“footpath, path”),\nLatvian taka (“footpath, path”)\nIndo-European cognates include\nAvestan 𐬙𐬀𐬐𐬀 (taka, “course”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tȍkъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍkъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍka",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍka",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tokù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tòkъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tokomà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tokòmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍkъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍka",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍky",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍkъmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍkomь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tokomà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "toký",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍcě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tokù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "tocě̃xъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toče",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍka",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tȍci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tȍkъ",
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tokъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"EDSIL without passage",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *tekʷ-",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ъ"
],
"glosses": [
"current, course, stream"
],
"links": [
[
"current",
"current"
],
[
"course",
"course"
],
[
"stream",
"stream"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "tokъ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tokъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (5.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.