See medvědь in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "медвѣдь"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: медвѣдь (medvědĭ)\nOld Ruthenian: медвѣ́дь (medvě́dʹ)\nBelarusian: мядзве́дзь (mjadzvjédzʹ)\nCarpathian Rusyn: медві́дь (medvídʹ)\nUkrainian: ведмі́дь (vedmídʹ)\nRussian: медве́дь (medvédʹ)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: медвѣдь (medvědĭ)\nOld Ruthenian: медвѣ́дь (medvě́dʹ)\nBelarusian: мядзве́дзь (mjadzvjédzʹ)\nCarpathian Rusyn: медві́дь (medvídʹ)\nUkrainian: ведмі́дь (vedmídʹ)\nRussian: медве́дь (medvédʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "медвѣдь",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: медвѣдь (medvědĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: медвѣдь (medvědĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⰿⰵⰴⰲⱑⰴⱐ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰿⰵⰴⰲⱑⰴⱐ (medvědĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⰿⰵⰴⰲⱑⰴⱐ (medvědĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "мѐдвед",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: мѐдвед",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: мѐдвед, мѐдвјед; медви̂д (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "mèdved",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: mèdved",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: mèdved, mèdvjed; medvîd (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "médved"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: médved",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: médved"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "medvěd",
"3": "nedvěd"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: medvěd, nedvěd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: medvěd, nedvěd"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "medvěd"
},
"expansion": "Czech: medvěd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: medvěd"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "Chod dialect"
},
"expansion": "(Chod dialect)",
"name": "a"
}
],
"text": "Bohemian (Chod dialect): nedvěd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "niedźwiedź"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: niedźwiedź, miedźwiedź\nPolish: niedźwiedź\nSilesian: niedźwiydź\n→ Old Ruthenian: недвѣдзь (nedvědzʹ)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: niedźwiedź, miedźwiedź\nPolish: niedźwiedź\nSilesian: niedźwiydź\n→ Old Ruthenian: недвѣдзь (nedvědzʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-osk",
"2": "medveď"
},
"expansion": "Old Slovak: medveď",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Slovak: medveď"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rsk",
"2": "медведз"
},
"expansion": "Pannonian Rusyn: медведз (medvedz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pannonian Rusyn: медведз (medvedz)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "medveď"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: medveď",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: medveď"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pomeranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "miedwiédz",
"3": "miedzwiédz"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: miedwiédz, miedzwiédz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: miedwiédz, miedzwiédz"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "njêdzwjédz"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: njêdzwjédz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: njêdzwjédz"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "mjadwjeź"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: mjadwjeź",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: mjadwjeź"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "mjedwjedź",
"3": "mjedźwjedź<q:obsolete>"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: mjedwjedź, (obsolete) mjedźwjedź",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: mjedwjedź, (obsolete) mjedźwjedź"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "medve",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: medve",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: medve"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*medwḗˀdis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *medwḗˀdis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*medъ",
"3": "*(j)ěsti",
"t1": "honey",
"t2": "to eat"
},
"expansion": "*medъ (“honey”) + *(j)ěsti (“to eat”)",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "मध्वद्",
"3": "",
"4": "eating sweetness",
"tr": "madhv-ád-"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit मध्वद् (madhv-ád-, “eating sweetness”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "irštvà",
"3": "",
"4": "bear's den"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian irštvà (“bear's den”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*berô",
"3": "",
"4": "the brown one"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *berô (“the brown one”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "lācis",
"3": "",
"4": "stomper, pounder"
},
"expansion": "Latvian lācis (“stomper, pounder”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भल्ल"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit भल्ल (bhalla)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "math",
"3": "",
"4": "the good one"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish math (“the good one”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *medwḗˀdis (originally probably a consonant stem *medwēˀd-, later reformed into an i-stem based on the accusative in *-in, as typical in Balto-Slavic), equivalent to *medъ (“honey”) + *(j)ěsti (“to eat”), hence literally the epithet \"honey-eater\". Cognate with Sanskrit मध्वद् (madhv-ád-, “eating sweetness”) (RV I 164,22). Presumably came into use as taboo avoidance of an earlier word, possibly something like *rьstъ (compare Lithuanian irštvà (“bear's den”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos). Similar proposed examples of linguistic taboo for 'bear' are Proto-Germanic *berô (“the brown one”), Latvian lācis (“stomper, pounder”), Sanskrit भल्ल (bhalla) and Old Irish math (“the good one”).\nThere is a false etymology from *medъ and *věděti (“to know, to manage”), hence \"one who knows honey\" or \"honey master\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "medvě̀dь",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀da",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀di",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀da",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀du",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀du",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dēmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀da",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dę̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀demь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀di",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀du",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dīxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀du",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀da",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀di",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀di",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьjē",
"roman": "medvě̀ďē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьju",
"roman": "medvě̀ďu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьjь",
"roman": "medvě̀dī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀di",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀di",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀di",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьmī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьju",
"roman": "medvě̀ďu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvědi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀di",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьjē",
"roman": "medvě̀ďē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "medvě̀dь",
"ap": "a",
"stem": "o"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "medvě̀dь",
"ap": "a",
"g": "m"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/medvědь",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bear"
],
"id": "en-medvědь-sla-pro-noun-vJi7UOgJ",
"links": [
[
"bear",
"bear"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "medvědь"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "медвѣдь"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: медвѣдь (medvědĭ)\nOld Ruthenian: медвѣ́дь (medvě́dʹ)\nBelarusian: мядзве́дзь (mjadzvjédzʹ)\nCarpathian Rusyn: медві́дь (medvídʹ)\nUkrainian: ведмі́дь (vedmídʹ)\nRussian: медве́дь (medvédʹ)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: медвѣдь (medvědĭ)\nOld Ruthenian: медвѣ́дь (medvě́dʹ)\nBelarusian: мядзве́дзь (mjadzvjédzʹ)\nCarpathian Rusyn: медві́дь (medvídʹ)\nUkrainian: ведмі́дь (vedmídʹ)\nRussian: медве́дь (medvédʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "медвѣдь",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: медвѣдь (medvědĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: медвѣдь (medvědĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⰿⰵⰴⰲⱑⰴⱐ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰿⰵⰴⰲⱑⰴⱐ (medvědĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⰿⰵⰴⰲⱑⰴⱐ (medvědĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "мѐдвед",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: мѐдвед",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: мѐдвед, мѐдвјед; медви̂д (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "mèdved",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: mèdved",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: mèdved, mèdvjed; medvîd (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "médved"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: médved",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: médved"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "medvěd",
"3": "nedvěd"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: medvěd, nedvěd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: medvěd, nedvěd"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "medvěd"
},
"expansion": "Czech: medvěd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: medvěd"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "Chod dialect"
},
"expansion": "(Chod dialect)",
"name": "a"
}
],
"text": "Bohemian (Chod dialect): nedvěd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "niedźwiedź"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: niedźwiedź, miedźwiedź\nPolish: niedźwiedź\nSilesian: niedźwiydź\n→ Old Ruthenian: недвѣдзь (nedvědzʹ)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: niedźwiedź, miedźwiedź\nPolish: niedźwiedź\nSilesian: niedźwiydź\n→ Old Ruthenian: недвѣдзь (nedvědzʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-osk",
"2": "medveď"
},
"expansion": "Old Slovak: medveď",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Slovak: medveď"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rsk",
"2": "медведз"
},
"expansion": "Pannonian Rusyn: медведз (medvedz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pannonian Rusyn: медведз (medvedz)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "medveď"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: medveď",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: medveď"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pomeranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "miedwiédz",
"3": "miedzwiédz"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: miedwiédz, miedzwiédz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: miedwiédz, miedzwiédz"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "njêdzwjédz"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: njêdzwjédz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: njêdzwjédz"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "mjadwjeź"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: mjadwjeź",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: mjadwjeź"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "mjedwjedź",
"3": "mjedźwjedź<q:obsolete>"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: mjedwjedź, (obsolete) mjedźwjedź",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: mjedwjedź, (obsolete) mjedźwjedź"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "medve",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: medve",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: medve"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*medwḗˀdis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *medwḗˀdis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*medъ",
"3": "*(j)ěsti",
"t1": "honey",
"t2": "to eat"
},
"expansion": "*medъ (“honey”) + *(j)ěsti (“to eat”)",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "मध्वद्",
"3": "",
"4": "eating sweetness",
"tr": "madhv-ád-"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit मध्वद् (madhv-ád-, “eating sweetness”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "irštvà",
"3": "",
"4": "bear's den"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian irštvà (“bear's den”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*berô",
"3": "",
"4": "the brown one"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *berô (“the brown one”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "lācis",
"3": "",
"4": "stomper, pounder"
},
"expansion": "Latvian lācis (“stomper, pounder”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भल्ल"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit भल्ल (bhalla)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "math",
"3": "",
"4": "the good one"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish math (“the good one”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *medwḗˀdis (originally probably a consonant stem *medwēˀd-, later reformed into an i-stem based on the accusative in *-in, as typical in Balto-Slavic), equivalent to *medъ (“honey”) + *(j)ěsti (“to eat”), hence literally the epithet \"honey-eater\". Cognate with Sanskrit मध्वद् (madhv-ád-, “eating sweetness”) (RV I 164,22). Presumably came into use as taboo avoidance of an earlier word, possibly something like *rьstъ (compare Lithuanian irštvà (“bear's den”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos). Similar proposed examples of linguistic taboo for 'bear' are Proto-Germanic *berô (“the brown one”), Latvian lācis (“stomper, pounder”), Sanskrit भल्ल (bhalla) and Old Irish math (“the good one”).\nThere is a false etymology from *medъ and *věděti (“to know, to manage”), hence \"one who knows honey\" or \"honey master\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "medvě̀dь",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀da",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀di",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀da",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀du",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀du",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dēmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀da",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dę̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀demь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀di",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀du",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dīxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀du",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀da",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀di",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀di",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьjē",
"roman": "medvě̀ďē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьju",
"roman": "medvě̀ďu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьjь",
"roman": "medvě̀dī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀di",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀di",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀di",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьmī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьju",
"roman": "medvě̀ďu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "medvědi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀di",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "medvě̀dьjē",
"roman": "medvě̀ďē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "medvě̀dь",
"ap": "a",
"stem": "o"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "medvě̀dь",
"ap": "a",
"g": "m"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/medvědь",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic compound terms",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic soft masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic soft o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"sla-pro:Ursids"
],
"glosses": [
"bear"
],
"links": [
[
"bear",
"bear"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "medvědь"
}
Download raw JSONL data for medvědь meaning in Proto-Slavic (11.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.