See mъskъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "mesk",
"word": "меск"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "mesk",
"word": "меск"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "mŭskŭ",
"word": "мъскъ"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "zls-chs",
"roman": "mĭzgŭ",
"word": "мьзгъ"
},
{
"lang": "Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "zls-chs",
"roman": "mĭskŭ",
"word": "мьскъ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "mǎsk",
"word": "мъск"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "maska",
"word": "маска"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "мазаг"
},
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "мазак"
},
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "мазг"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "mazag"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "mazak"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "mazg"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "mezek"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "mesh"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "mezek"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "mzha"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "mezek"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "mezek"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "mezek"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "mezk"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "mjesk"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Presumably, spreading from the South, forming an areal Balkan word for 'mule'. The relationship with Latin mulus and Ancient Greek μυχλός (mukhlós) is unclear. All these terms could have derived from an extinct Mediterranean/Near Eastern substrate.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mъ̀skъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mъ̀skъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "mъscì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mъ̀skъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskòma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskòmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mъ̀skъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskъ̀mь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskòmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskòma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "mъ̀sky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mъscě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "mъ̀scěxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mъšče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mъscì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "*mъ̀zgъ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "b"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mъskъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mule"
],
"id": "en-mъskъ-sla-pro-noun-1~rfnzwl",
"links": [
[
"mule",
"mule"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj"
]
}
],
"word": "mъskъ"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "mesk",
"word": "меск"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "mesk",
"word": "меск"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "mŭskŭ",
"word": "мъскъ"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "zls-chs",
"roman": "mĭzgŭ",
"word": "мьзгъ"
},
{
"lang": "Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "zls-chs",
"roman": "mĭskŭ",
"word": "мьскъ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "mǎsk",
"word": "мъск"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "maska",
"word": "маска"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "мазаг"
},
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "мазак"
},
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "мазг"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "mazag"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "mazak"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "mazg"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "mezek"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "mesh"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "mezek"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "mzha"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "mezek"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "mezek"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "mezek"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "mezk"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "mjesk"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Presumably, spreading from the South, forming an areal Balkan word for 'mule'. The relationship with Latin mulus and Ancient Greek μυχλός (mukhlós) is unclear. All these terms could have derived from an extinct Mediterranean/Near Eastern substrate.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mъ̀skъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mъ̀skъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "mъscì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mъ̀skъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskòma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskòmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mъ̀skъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskъ̀mь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskòmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskòma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "mъ̀sky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mъscě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "mъ̀scěxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mъšče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mъskà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mъscì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "*mъ̀zgъ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "b"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mъskъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from substrate languages"
],
"glosses": [
"mule"
],
"links": [
[
"mule",
"mule"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj"
]
}
],
"word": "mъskъ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for mъskъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (5.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-10-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-10-01 using wiktextract (c8bd62c and a979ada). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.