See lǫka in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "luka",
"word": "лука"
},
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "luká",
"word": "лука́"
},
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "lukavina",
"word": "лукавіна"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "luká",
"word": "лука́"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "luká",
"word": "лука́"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "lǫka",
"word": "лѫка"
},
{
"lang": "Glagolitic script",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "lǫka",
"word": "ⰾⱘⰽⰰ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "lǎká",
"word": "лъка́"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "lǎ́nka",
"word": "лъ́нка"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "лу́ка"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "lúka"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "lọ́ka"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "louka"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "lúka"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "łąka"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "lúka"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "łuka"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "łuka"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "luncă"
}
],
"lang": "Non-Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*lankāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *lankāˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lengʷʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lengʷʰ-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*lingwą",
"3": "",
"4": "heather"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lingwą (“heather”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "lañka",
"3": "",
"4": "bend of a river, big low-lying meadow, big puddle"
},
"expansion": "Latvian lañka (“bend of a river, big low-lying meadow, big puddle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "lankà",
"3": "",
"4": "water-meadow, swamp"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian lankà (“water-meadow, swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lankāˀ, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *lengʷʰ-, the source of Proto-Germanic *lingwą (“heather”). Or, both are from a substrate source, as suggested by the irregular velar correspondences (note also the synonym *lǫ̑gъ). In any case, cognate with Latvian lañka (“bend of a river, big low-lying meadow, big puddle”), Lithuanian lankà (“water-meadow, swamp”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lǭkà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǫ̃cě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lǫ̃kъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭcě̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkàma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkàmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkǫ̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǫ̃cě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkòjǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǫ̃kǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkàma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkàmī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭcě̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkàsъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkàxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǫko",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lǫ̃cě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lǭkà",
"ap": "b",
"g": "f",
"stem": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lǫka",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"low-lying meadow, water-meadow"
],
"id": "en-lǫka-sla-pro-noun-ubHZj5uy",
"links": [
[
"meadow",
"meadow"
],
[
"water-meadow",
"water-meadow"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "lękati"
},
{
"english": "to set traps, to scare?",
"translation": "to set traps, to scare?",
"word": "lęcati"
},
{
"english": "bent",
"translation": "bent",
"word": "lękъ"
},
{
"english": "to bend",
"translation": "to bend",
"word": "lęťi"
},
{
"english": "rush",
"translation": "rush",
"word": "lǫčьje"
},
{
"english": "curved, cunning",
"translation": "curved, cunning",
"word": "lǫkàvъ"
},
{
"english": "to separate",
"translation": "to separate",
"word": "lǭčìti"
},
{
"english": "bow",
"translation": "bow",
"word": "lǫ̑kъ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*lǫ̑gъ"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "lǫka"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "luka",
"word": "лука"
},
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "luká",
"word": "лука́"
},
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "lukavina",
"word": "лукавіна"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "luká",
"word": "лука́"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "luká",
"word": "лука́"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "lǫka",
"word": "лѫка"
},
{
"lang": "Glagolitic script",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "lǫka",
"word": "ⰾⱘⰽⰰ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "lǎká",
"word": "лъка́"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "lǎ́nka",
"word": "лъ́нка"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "лу́ка"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "lúka"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "lọ́ka"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "louka"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "lúka"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "łąka"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "lúka"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "łuka"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "łuka"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "luncă"
}
],
"lang": "Non-Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*lankāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *lankāˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lengʷʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lengʷʰ-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*lingwą",
"3": "",
"4": "heather"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lingwą (“heather”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "lañka",
"3": "",
"4": "bend of a river, big low-lying meadow, big puddle"
},
"expansion": "Latvian lañka (“bend of a river, big low-lying meadow, big puddle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "lankà",
"3": "",
"4": "water-meadow, swamp"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian lankà (“water-meadow, swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lankāˀ, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *lengʷʰ-, the source of Proto-Germanic *lingwą (“heather”). Or, both are from a substrate source, as suggested by the irregular velar correspondences (note also the synonym *lǫ̑gъ). In any case, cognate with Latvian lañka (“bend of a river, big low-lying meadow, big puddle”), Lithuanian lankà (“water-meadow, swamp”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lǭkà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǫ̃cě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lǫ̃kъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭcě̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkàma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkàmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkǫ̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǫ̃cě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkòjǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǫ̃kǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkàma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkàmī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭcě̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkàsъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkàxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǫko",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lǫ̃cě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lǭkỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lǭkà",
"ap": "b",
"g": "f",
"stem": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lǫka",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "lękati"
},
{
"english": "to set traps, to scare?",
"translation": "to set traps, to scare?",
"word": "lęcati"
},
{
"english": "bent",
"translation": "bent",
"word": "lękъ"
},
{
"english": "to bend",
"translation": "to bend",
"word": "lęťi"
},
{
"english": "rush",
"translation": "rush",
"word": "lǫčьje"
},
{
"english": "curved, cunning",
"translation": "curved, cunning",
"word": "lǫkàvъ"
},
{
"english": "to separate",
"translation": "to separate",
"word": "lǭčìti"
},
{
"english": "bow",
"translation": "bow",
"word": "lǫ̑kъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from substrate languages",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic"
],
"glosses": [
"low-lying meadow, water-meadow"
],
"links": [
[
"meadow",
"meadow"
],
[
"water-meadow",
"water-meadow"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*lǫ̑gъ"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "lǫka"
}
Download raw JSONL data for lǫka meaning in Proto-Slavic (6.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (606a11c and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.