See kruša in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "груша"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: груша (gruša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: груша (gruša)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "гру́ша"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: гру́ша (hrúša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: гру́ша (hrúša)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "гру́ша"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: гру́ша (hrúša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: гру́ша (hrúša)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "гру́ша"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: гру́ша (hrúša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: гру́ша (hrúša)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "гру́ша"
},
"expansion": "Russian: гру́ша (grúša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: гру́ша (grúša)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "кру́ша"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: кру́ша (krúša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: кру́ша (krúša)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "кру́ша"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: кру́ша (krúša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: кру́ша (krúša)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "крушка",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: крушка",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: крушка"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "kruška",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: kruška",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: kruška"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "hruška"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: hruška",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: hruška"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "krëszka"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: krëszka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: krëszka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "hrušě",
"3": "hruška"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: hrušě, hruška",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: hrušě, hruška"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "hruška"
},
"expansion": "Czech: hruška",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: hruška"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "grausåi"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: grausåi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: grausåi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "grusza",
"3": "gruszka"
},
"expansion": "Polish: grusza, gruszka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: grusza, gruszka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-osk",
"2": "hruška"
},
"expansion": "Old Slovak: hruška",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Slovak: hruška"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rsk",
"2": "грушка"
},
"expansion": "Pannonian Rusyn: грушка (hruška)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pannonian Rusyn: грушка (hruška)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "hruška"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: hruška",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: hruška"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "krušwa"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: krušwa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: krušwa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "kšuška"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: kšuška",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: kšuška"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*krušiti",
"3": "*-ja"
},
"expansion": "*krušiti + *-ja",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kriaušė"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kriaušė",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "krause",
"t": "pear tree"
},
"expansion": "Latvian krause (“pear tree”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *grušiti or *krušiti + *-ja, called so after its pulp. Cognate with Lithuanian kriaušė, Latvian krause (“pear tree”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "krùša",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "krùša",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krùši",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšę̇",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšę̇",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšāmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krùši",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšę̇",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšējǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšāmī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšāsъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krùše",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krùši",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšę̇",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krùša",
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kruša",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ja",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pear"
],
"id": "en-kruša-sla-pro-noun-l8--h1Ma",
"links": [
[
"pear",
"pear"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gruša"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kruša"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "груша"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: груша (gruša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: груша (gruša)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "гру́ша"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: гру́ша (hrúša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: гру́ша (hrúša)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "гру́ша"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: гру́ша (hrúša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: гру́ша (hrúša)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "гру́ша"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: гру́ша (hrúša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: гру́ша (hrúša)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "гру́ша"
},
"expansion": "Russian: гру́ша (grúša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: гру́ша (grúša)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "кру́ша"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: кру́ша (krúša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: кру́ша (krúša)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "кру́ша"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: кру́ша (krúša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: кру́ша (krúša)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "крушка",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: крушка",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: крушка"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "kruška",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: kruška",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: kruška"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "hruška"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: hruška",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: hruška"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "krëszka"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: krëszka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: krëszka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "hrušě",
"3": "hruška"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: hrušě, hruška",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: hrušě, hruška"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "hruška"
},
"expansion": "Czech: hruška",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: hruška"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "grausåi"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: grausåi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: grausåi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "grusza",
"3": "gruszka"
},
"expansion": "Polish: grusza, gruszka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: grusza, gruszka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-osk",
"2": "hruška"
},
"expansion": "Old Slovak: hruška",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Slovak: hruška"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rsk",
"2": "грушка"
},
"expansion": "Pannonian Rusyn: грушка (hruška)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pannonian Rusyn: грушка (hruška)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "hruška"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: hruška",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: hruška"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "krušwa"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: krušwa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: krušwa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "kšuška"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: kšuška",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: kšuška"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*krušiti",
"3": "*-ja"
},
"expansion": "*krušiti + *-ja",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kriaušė"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kriaušė",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "krause",
"t": "pear tree"
},
"expansion": "Latvian krause (“pear tree”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *grušiti or *krušiti + *-ja, called so after its pulp. Cognate with Lithuanian kriaušė, Latvian krause (“pear tree”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "krùša",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "krùša",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krùši",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšę̇",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšę̇",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšāmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krùši",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšę̇",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšējǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšāmī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšāsъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krùše",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krùši",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krùšę̇",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krùša",
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kruša",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic soft a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ja",
"sla-pro:Fruits",
"sla-pro:Pome fruits"
],
"glosses": [
"pear"
],
"links": [
[
"pear",
"pear"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gruša"
}
],
"word": "kruša"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kruša meaning in Proto-Slavic (7.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (4ba5975 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.