See kolo in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "to get around",
"word": "obikoliti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kolьce"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "ring, hoop",
"word": "kolesьce"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "wheelwright",
"word": "kolařь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "track, wheel-trail",
"word": "kolěja"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"english": "surroundings",
"sense": "*okolo (“around, nearby”) (adverb)",
"word": "okolьje"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"english": "circumference",
"sense": "*okolo (“around, nearby”) (adverb)",
"word": "okolovьrstьje"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "wheelwright",
"sense": "*kolo-",
"word": "kolodějь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "circular stamp/press",
"sense": "*kolo-",
"word": "kolomę"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"sense": "*kolo-",
"word": "kolomazь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "wheel wax",
"sense": "*kolo-",
"word": "kolomastь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "wheel trajectory",
"sense": "*kolo-",
"word": "kolotokъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "whirlpool",
"sense": "*kolo-",
"word": "kolovirъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "cart-dragger",
"sense": "*kolo-",
"word": "kolovoďь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "circulation, cycle",
"sense": "*kolo-",
"word": "kolovortъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "rut, wheel track",
"sense": "*kolo-",
"word": "kolovozъ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "коло"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: коло (kolo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: коло (kolo)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "ко́ла"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: ко́ла (kóla)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: ко́ла (kóla)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ко́ло"
},
"expansion": "Russian: ко́ло (kólo)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "(archaic)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Russian: ко́ло (kólo) (archaic)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rue",
"2": "коло"
},
"expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: коло (kolo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Carpathian Rusyn: коло (kolo)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ко́ло"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: ко́ло (kólo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: ко́ло (kólo)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "коло"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: коло (kolo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: коло (kolo)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ко́ло"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: ко́ло (kólo)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "(archaic)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: ко́ло (kólo) (archaic)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "колело́",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Bulgarian: колело́ (koleló)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Bulgarian: колело́ (koleló)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "кола́",
"der": "1",
"g": "f",
"t": "car"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Bulgarian: кола́ f (kolá, “car”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Bulgarian: кола́ f (kolá, “car”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "ко́ло",
"3": "ко́лце",
"4": "ко́ла"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: ко́ло (kólo), ко́лце (kólce), ко́ла (kóla)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: ко́ло (kólo), ко́лце (kólce), ко́ла (kóla)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ко̏ло",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ко̏ло",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ко̏ло"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "kȍlo",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: kȍlo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: kȍlo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "kolọ̑",
"bor": "",
"der": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: kolọ̑",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kolọ̑",
"2": "kọ̑lo",
"t1": "wheel",
"t2": "circle"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: kolọ̑, kọ̑lo (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: kolọ̑, kọ̑lo (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "kolo"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: kolo, koło (alternative writing)\nCzech: kolo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: kolo, koło (alternative writing)\nCzech: kolo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "koło"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: koło\nPolish: koło, kole (Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Kuyavia, Near Masovian, Malbork), kiele (Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Chełmno-Dobrzyń), kele (Near Masovian)\nSilesian: koło",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: koło\nPolish: koło, kole (Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Kuyavia, Near Masovian, Malbork), kiele (Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Chełmno-Dobrzyń), kele (Near Masovian)\nSilesian: koło"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-osk",
"2": "kolo"
},
"expansion": "Old Slovak: kolo\nSlovak: kolo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Slovak: kolo\nSlovak: kolo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "ťölü"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: ťölü",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: ťölü"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pomeranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "kòło"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: kòło",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: kòło"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "kôlô"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: kôlô",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: kôlô"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "koło"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: koło",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: koło"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "koło",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lower Sorbian: koło",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lower Sorbian: koło"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "колесо́",
"g": "s"
},
"expansion": "Russian: колесо́ sg (kolesó)\n→ Kildin Sami: коалес (kåljes)\n→ Skolt Sami: kååʹlez\n→ Yakut: көлөһө (kölöhö)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Russian: колесо́ sg (kolesó)\n→ Kildin Sami: коалес (kåljes)\n→ Skolt Sami: kååʹlez\n→ Yakut: көлөһө (kölöhö)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ко́лесо",
"g": "s"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: ко́лесо sg (kóleso)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: ко́лесо sg (kóleso)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "koleso",
"g": "s"
},
"expansion": "Czech: koleso sg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: koleso sg"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "koleso",
"g": "s"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: koleso sg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: koleso sg"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "kólaso",
"g": "s"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: kólaso sg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: kólaso sg"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "koleso",
"g": "s"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: koleso sg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: koleso sg"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*kálas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *kálas",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "kelan",
"3": "",
"4": "wheel"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian kelan (“wheel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*kʷól-os ~ *kʷól-es-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷól-os ~ *kʷól-es-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kãklas",
"3": "",
"4": "neck"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kãklas (“neck”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "kakls",
"3": "",
"4": "neck"
},
"expansion": "Latvian kakls (“neck”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πόλος",
"3": "",
"4": "pole, axis"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πόλος (pólos, “pole, axis”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kálas, cognate with Old Prussian kelan (“wheel”). Formally from Proto-Indo-European *kʷól-os ~ *kʷól-es-, from *kʷel- (“to turn”). Related to reduplicated o-stem *kʷékʷlos, whence Lithuanian kãklas (“neck”), Latvian kakls (“neck”).\nMeillet explains the o-grade, which is uncommon in s-stem nouns, with the influence of a parallel o-grade instrumental noun reflected in Ancient Greek πόλος (pólos, “pole, axis”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kȍlo",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "s-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kolesà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlese",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolesù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kolèsъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolesьmà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kolèsьmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kolesà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlesьmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolesьmà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kolesý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlese",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolesù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kolèsьxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kolesà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kolà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kòlъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kolòmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kolà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kolý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kolě̃xъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kolà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kȍlo",
"ap": "c",
"stem": "s"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kȍlo",
"ap": "c",
"stem": "o"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kolo",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kolačь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "type of pastry",
"word": "kolakъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "turn of the year, Yule",
"word": "kologъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "83 0 17",
"sense": "*kolesьnъ, *kolьnъ (“related to wheel”)",
"word": "kolesьnica"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 0 17",
"english": "chariot",
"sense": "*kolesьnъ, *kolьnъ (“related to wheel”)",
"word": "kolesъka"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 0 17",
"english": "cart",
"sense": "*kolesьnъ, *kolьnъ (“related to wheel”)",
"word": "kolьnica"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wheel"
],
"id": "en-kolo-sla-pro-noun-ulmSYVnS",
"links": [
[
"wheel",
"wheel"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"circle"
],
"id": "en-kolo-sla-pro-noun-ijkXjTJ-",
"links": [
[
"circle",
"circle"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 22 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 10 80",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wheeled vehicle"
],
"id": "en-kolo-sla-pro-noun-qhJeDoXx",
"links": [
[
"wheeled",
"wheeled"
],
[
"vehicle",
"vehicle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) wheeled vehicle"
],
"tags": [
"in-plural",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "kolo"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard neuter o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic s-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to get around",
"word": "obikoliti"
},
{
"english": "surroundings",
"sense": "*okolo (“around, nearby”) (adverb)",
"word": "okolьje"
},
{
"english": "circumference",
"sense": "*okolo (“around, nearby”) (adverb)",
"word": "okolovьrstьje"
},
{
"word": "kolьce"
},
{
"english": "ring, hoop",
"word": "kolesьce"
},
{
"english": "wheelwright",
"word": "kolařь"
},
{
"english": "track, wheel-trail",
"word": "kolěja"
},
{
"sense": "*kolesьnъ, *kolьnъ (“related to wheel”)",
"word": "kolesьnica"
},
{
"english": "chariot",
"sense": "*kolesьnъ, *kolьnъ (“related to wheel”)",
"word": "kolesъka"
},
{
"english": "cart",
"sense": "*kolesьnъ, *kolьnъ (“related to wheel”)",
"word": "kolьnica"
},
{
"english": "wheelwright",
"sense": "*kolo-",
"word": "kolodějь"
},
{
"english": "circular stamp/press",
"sense": "*kolo-",
"word": "kolomę"
},
{
"sense": "*kolo-",
"word": "kolomazь"
},
{
"english": "wheel wax",
"sense": "*kolo-",
"word": "kolomastь"
},
{
"english": "wheel trajectory",
"sense": "*kolo-",
"word": "kolotokъ"
},
{
"english": "whirlpool",
"sense": "*kolo-",
"word": "kolovirъ"
},
{
"english": "cart-dragger",
"sense": "*kolo-",
"word": "kolovoďь"
},
{
"english": "circulation, cycle",
"sense": "*kolo-",
"word": "kolovortъ"
},
{
"english": "rut, wheel track",
"sense": "*kolo-",
"word": "kolovozъ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "коло"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: коло (kolo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: коло (kolo)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "ко́ла"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: ко́ла (kóla)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: ко́ла (kóla)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ко́ло"
},
"expansion": "Russian: ко́ло (kólo)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "(archaic)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Russian: ко́ло (kólo) (archaic)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rue",
"2": "коло"
},
"expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: коло (kolo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Carpathian Rusyn: коло (kolo)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ко́ло"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: ко́ло (kólo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: ко́ло (kólo)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "коло"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: коло (kolo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: коло (kolo)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ко́ло"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: ко́ло (kólo)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "(archaic)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: ко́ло (kólo) (archaic)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "колело́",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Bulgarian: колело́ (koleló)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Bulgarian: колело́ (koleló)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "кола́",
"der": "1",
"g": "f",
"t": "car"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Bulgarian: кола́ f (kolá, “car”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Bulgarian: кола́ f (kolá, “car”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "ко́ло",
"3": "ко́лце",
"4": "ко́ла"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: ко́ло (kólo), ко́лце (kólce), ко́ла (kóla)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: ко́ло (kólo), ко́лце (kólce), ко́ла (kóla)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ко̏ло",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ко̏ло",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ко̏ло"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "kȍlo",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: kȍlo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: kȍlo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "kolọ̑",
"bor": "",
"der": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: kolọ̑",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kolọ̑",
"2": "kọ̑lo",
"t1": "wheel",
"t2": "circle"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: kolọ̑, kọ̑lo (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: kolọ̑, kọ̑lo (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "kolo"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: kolo, koło (alternative writing)\nCzech: kolo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: kolo, koło (alternative writing)\nCzech: kolo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "koło"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: koło\nPolish: koło, kole (Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Kuyavia, Near Masovian, Malbork), kiele (Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Chełmno-Dobrzyń), kele (Near Masovian)\nSilesian: koło",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: koło\nPolish: koło, kole (Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Kuyavia, Near Masovian, Malbork), kiele (Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Chełmno-Dobrzyń), kele (Near Masovian)\nSilesian: koło"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-osk",
"2": "kolo"
},
"expansion": "Old Slovak: kolo\nSlovak: kolo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Slovak: kolo\nSlovak: kolo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "ťölü"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: ťölü",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: ťölü"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pomeranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "kòło"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: kòło",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: kòło"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "kôlô"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: kôlô",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: kôlô"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "koło"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: koło",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: koło"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "koło",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lower Sorbian: koło",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lower Sorbian: koło"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "колесо́",
"g": "s"
},
"expansion": "Russian: колесо́ sg (kolesó)\n→ Kildin Sami: коалес (kåljes)\n→ Skolt Sami: kååʹlez\n→ Yakut: көлөһө (kölöhö)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Russian: колесо́ sg (kolesó)\n→ Kildin Sami: коалес (kåljes)\n→ Skolt Sami: kååʹlez\n→ Yakut: көлөһө (kölöhö)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ко́лесо",
"g": "s"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: ко́лесо sg (kóleso)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: ко́лесо sg (kóleso)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "koleso",
"g": "s"
},
"expansion": "Czech: koleso sg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: koleso sg"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "koleso",
"g": "s"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: koleso sg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: koleso sg"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "kólaso",
"g": "s"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: kólaso sg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: kólaso sg"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "koleso",
"g": "s"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: koleso sg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: koleso sg"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*kálas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *kálas",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "kelan",
"3": "",
"4": "wheel"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian kelan (“wheel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*kʷól-os ~ *kʷól-es-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷól-os ~ *kʷól-es-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kãklas",
"3": "",
"4": "neck"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kãklas (“neck”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "kakls",
"3": "",
"4": "neck"
},
"expansion": "Latvian kakls (“neck”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πόλος",
"3": "",
"4": "pole, axis"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πόλος (pólos, “pole, axis”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kálas, cognate with Old Prussian kelan (“wheel”). Formally from Proto-Indo-European *kʷól-os ~ *kʷól-es-, from *kʷel- (“to turn”). Related to reduplicated o-stem *kʷékʷlos, whence Lithuanian kãklas (“neck”), Latvian kakls (“neck”).\nMeillet explains the o-grade, which is uncommon in s-stem nouns, with the influence of a parallel o-grade instrumental noun reflected in Ancient Greek πόλος (pólos, “pole, axis”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kȍlo",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "s-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kolesà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlese",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolesù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kolèsъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolesьmà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kolèsьmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kolesà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlesьmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolesьmà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kolesý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlese",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolesù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kolèsьxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kolesà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kolà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kòlъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kolòmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kolà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kolý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kolě̃xъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kolà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kȍlo",
"ap": "c",
"stem": "s"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kȍlo",
"ap": "c",
"stem": "o"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kolo",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "kolačь"
},
{
"english": "type of pastry",
"word": "kolakъ"
},
{
"english": "turn of the year, Yule",
"word": "kologъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"sla-pro:Technology"
],
"glosses": [
"wheel"
],
"links": [
[
"wheel",
"wheel"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"circle"
],
"links": [
[
"circle",
"circle"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"wheeled vehicle"
],
"links": [
[
"wheeled",
"wheeled"
],
[
"vehicle",
"vehicle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) wheeled vehicle"
],
"tags": [
"in-plural",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "kolo"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kolo meaning in Proto-Slavic (14.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.