See gъrbъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic: гърбъ (gŭrbŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "горб"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: горб (horb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: горб (horb)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "горб"
},
"expansion": "Russian: горб (gorb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: горб (gorb), folk го́роб (górob)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "горб"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: горб (horb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: горб (horb)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "гръбъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: гръбъ (grŭbŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: гръбъ (grŭbŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "гръб"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: гръб (grǎb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: гръб (grǎb)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "грб"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: грб (grb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: грб (grb)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "гр̏ба",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: гр̏ба",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: гр̏ба"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "gȑba",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: gȑba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: gȑba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "gȓb",
"bor": "",
"der": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: gȓb",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gȓb",
"2": "gŕba"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: gȓb, gŕba (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: gȓb, gŕba (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "gôrb"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: gôrb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: gôrb"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "chrb"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: chrb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: chrb"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "hrb",
"3": "hrba",
"qq2": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Czech: hrb, hrba (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: hrb, hrba (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "garb"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: garb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: garb"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "garb",
"3": "gurba",
"qq2": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Polish: garb, gurba (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: garb, gurba (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "hrb",
"3": "hŕba"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: hrb, hŕba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: hrb, hŕba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "horb"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: horb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: horb"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "gjarb"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: gjarb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: gjarb"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gr̥bʰos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gr̥bʰos",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The root lacks direct Indo-European relatives, so it cannot be reconstructed with full certainty. Nonetheless, both Derksen and Vasmer suppose an origin from the hypothetical proto-Indo-European root *ger- (“to bend, to craft”), which was enlarged in Slavic into Proto-Indo-European *gr̥bʰos < *gerbʰ- (“to carve, to crib”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrboma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbomъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrboma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrběxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gъrbъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gъrbačь"
},
{
"word": "gъrbati"
},
{
"word": "gъrbatъ"
},
{
"word": "gъrbavъ"
},
{
"word": "gъrbina"
},
{
"word": "gъrbiti"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hump"
],
"id": "en-gъrbъ-sla-pro-noun-HbVm2oJ8",
"links": [
[
"hump",
"hump"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gъrba"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "gъrbъ"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "gъrbačь"
},
{
"word": "gъrbati"
},
{
"word": "gъrbatъ"
},
{
"word": "gъrbavъ"
},
{
"word": "gъrbina"
},
{
"word": "gъrbiti"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic: гърбъ (gŭrbŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "горб"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: горб (horb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: горб (horb)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "горб"
},
"expansion": "Russian: горб (gorb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: горб (gorb), folk го́роб (górob)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "горб"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: горб (horb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: горб (horb)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "гръбъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: гръбъ (grŭbŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: гръбъ (grŭbŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "гръб"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: гръб (grǎb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: гръб (grǎb)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "грб"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: грб (grb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: грб (grb)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "гр̏ба",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: гр̏ба",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: гр̏ба"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "gȑba",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: gȑba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: gȑba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "gȓb",
"bor": "",
"der": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: gȓb",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gȓb",
"2": "gŕba"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: gȓb, gŕba (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: gȓb, gŕba (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "gôrb"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: gôrb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: gôrb"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "chrb"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: chrb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: chrb"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "hrb",
"3": "hrba",
"qq2": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Czech: hrb, hrba (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: hrb, hrba (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "garb"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: garb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: garb"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "garb",
"3": "gurba",
"qq2": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Polish: garb, gurba (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: garb, gurba (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "hrb",
"3": "hŕba"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: hrb, hŕba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: hrb, hŕba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "horb"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: horb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: horb"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "gjarb"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: gjarb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: gjarb"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gr̥bʰos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gr̥bʰos",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The root lacks direct Indo-European relatives, so it cannot be reconstructed with full certainty. Nonetheless, both Derksen and Vasmer suppose an origin from the hypothetical proto-Indo-European root *ger- (“to bend, to craft”), which was enlarged in Slavic into Proto-Indo-European *gr̥bʰos < *gerbʰ- (“to carve, to crib”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrboma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbomъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrboma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrběxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gъrbi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gъrbъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"hump"
],
"links": [
[
"hump",
"hump"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gъrba"
}
],
"word": "gъrbъ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gъrbъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (6.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.