See grobъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for grobъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (8.8kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "гробъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: гробъ (grobŭ)\nBelarusian: гроб (hrob, “coffin”)\nRussian: гроб (grob, “coffin”)\nOld Ukrainian: гроб (hrob)\nUkrainian: гріб (hrib)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: гробъ (grobŭ)\nBelarusian: гроб (hrob, “coffin”)\nRussian: гроб (grob, “coffin”)\nOld Ukrainian: гроб (hrob)\nUkrainian: гріб (hrib)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cyrillic: гробъ (grobŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Glagolitic: ⰳⱃⱁⰱⱏ (grobŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "гроб"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: гроб (grob)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: гроб (grob)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "гроб"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: гроб (grob)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: гроб (grob)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "гро̏б",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: гро̏б",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: гро̏б"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "grȍb",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: grȍb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: grȍb"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "grȍb",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: grȍb",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grȍb"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: grȍb (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: grȍb (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "hrob"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: hrob",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: hrob"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "hrob"
},
"expansion": "Czech: hrob",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: hrob"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "grób"
},
"expansion": "Polish: grób",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: grób"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "grōb"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: grōb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: grōb"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "hrob"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: hrob",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: hrob"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "grób"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: grób",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: grób"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "grob"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: grob",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: grob"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrobʰos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrobʰos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰",
"3": "",
"4": "ditch, trench"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰 (graba, “ditch, trench”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "grab",
"3": "",
"4": "grave"
},
"expansion": "Old High German grab (“grave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grave"
},
"expansion": "English grave",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Morphologically from *grebti. From Proto-Indo-European *gʰrobʰos. Cognate with Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰 (graba, “ditch, trench”), Old High German grab (“grave”) and English grave.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grȍbъ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "gròbъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍbъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍbi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grobù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gròbъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grobomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "grobòmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍbъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍbъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍbomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grobomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "grobý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grobù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "grobě̃xъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grobe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍbi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "gròbъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grobà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "grobì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grobà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grobù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gròbъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grobù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grobòma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "grobòmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gròbъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grobà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "grobỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grobъ̀mь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grobòmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grobòma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "gròby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grobě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grobù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "gròběxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grobe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grobà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grobì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grȍbъ",
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gròbъ",
"ap": "b"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/grobъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"grave"
],
"id": "en-grobъ-sla-pro-noun-6-~hhBcf",
"links": [
[
"grave",
"grave"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "grobъ"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "гробъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: гробъ (grobŭ)\nBelarusian: гроб (hrob, “coffin”)\nRussian: гроб (grob, “coffin”)\nOld Ukrainian: гроб (hrob)\nUkrainian: гріб (hrib)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: гробъ (grobŭ)\nBelarusian: гроб (hrob, “coffin”)\nRussian: гроб (grob, “coffin”)\nOld Ukrainian: гроб (hrob)\nUkrainian: гріб (hrib)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cyrillic: гробъ (grobŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Glagolitic: ⰳⱃⱁⰱⱏ (grobŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "гроб"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: гроб (grob)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: гроб (grob)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "гроб"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: гроб (grob)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: гроб (grob)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "гро̏б",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: гро̏б",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: гро̏б"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "grȍb",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: grȍb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: grȍb"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "grȍb",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: grȍb",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grȍb"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: grȍb (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: grȍb (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "hrob"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: hrob",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: hrob"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "hrob"
},
"expansion": "Czech: hrob",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: hrob"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "grób"
},
"expansion": "Polish: grób",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: grób"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "grōb"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: grōb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: grōb"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "hrob"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: hrob",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: hrob"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "grób"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: grób",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: grób"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "grob"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: grob",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: grob"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrobʰos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrobʰos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰",
"3": "",
"4": "ditch, trench"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰 (graba, “ditch, trench”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "grab",
"3": "",
"4": "grave"
},
"expansion": "Old High German grab (“grave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grave"
},
"expansion": "English grave",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Morphologically from *grebti. From Proto-Indo-European *gʰrobʰos. Cognate with Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰 (graba, “ditch, trench”), Old High German grab (“grave”) and English grave.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grȍbъ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "gròbъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍbъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍbi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grobù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gròbъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grobomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "grobòmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍbъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍbъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍbomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grobomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "grobý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grobù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "grobě̃xъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grobe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grȍbi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "gròbъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grobà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "grobì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grobà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grobù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gròbъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grobù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grobòma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "grobòmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gròbъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grobà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "grobỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grobъ̀mь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grobòmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grobòma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "gròby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grobě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grobù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "gròběxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grobe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grobà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grobì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grȍbъ",
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gròbъ",
"ap": "b"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/grobъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
"Undetermined terms with quotations",
"sla-pro:Death"
],
"glosses": [
"grave"
],
"links": [
[
"grave",
"grave"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "grobъ"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (91e95e7 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.