"glogъ" meaning in Proto-Slavic

See glogъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *glogʰ-. Cognate with Ancient Greek γλῶχες (glôkhes, “beard of corn”). Etymology templates: {{der|sla-pro|ine-pro|*glogʰ-}} Proto-Indo-European *glogʰ-, {{cog|grc|γλῶχες||beard of corn}} Ancient Greek γλῶχες (glôkhes, “beard of corn”) Inflection templates: {{sla-decl-noun|glògъ|ap=b|g=m|stem=o}} Forms: glògъ [canonical, masculine], no-table-tags [table-tags], b [accent-paradigm], glògъ [nominative, singular], glogà [dual, nominative], glodzì [nominative, plural], glogà [genitive, singular], glogù [dual, genitive], glògъ [genitive, plural], glogù [dative, singular], glogòma [dative, dual], glogòmъ [dative, plural], glògъ [accusative, singular], glogà [accusative, dual], glogỳ [accusative, plural], glogъ̀mь [instrumental, singular], glogòmь [instrumental, singular], glogòma [dual, instrumental], glògy [instrumental, plural], glodzě̀ [locative, singular], glogù [dual, locative], glòdzěxъ [locative, plural], glože [singular, vocative], glogà [dual, vocative], glodzì [plural, vocative]
  1. hawthorn Tags: reconstruction
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "глог"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: глог (hloh)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: глог (hloh)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "глог"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: глог (glog)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: глог (glog)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "глід",
            "3": "гліг"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: глід (hlid), гліг (hlih)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: глід (hlid), гліг (hlih)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "глог"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: глог (glog)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: глог (glog)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "глог"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: глог (glog)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: глог (glog)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "гло̏г",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: гло̏г",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: гло̏г"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "glȍg",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: glȍg",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: glȍg"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "glȍg",
            "bor": "",
            "der": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: glȍg",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "glȍg",
            "2": "glọ̑g"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: glȍg, glọ̑g (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: glȍg, glọ̑g (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "hloh"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: hloh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: hloh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "hloh"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: hloh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: hloh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "głóg"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: głóg",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: głóg"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-osk",
            "2": "hloh"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Slovak: hloh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Slovak: hloh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rsk",
            "2": "глог"
          },
          "expansion": "Pannonian Rusyn: глог (hloh)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Pannonian Rusyn: глог (hloh)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "hloh"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: hloh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: hloh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "głog"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: głog",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: głog"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "hłohonc",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Upper Sorbian: hłohonc",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Upper Sorbian: hłohonc"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Non-Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "gllog",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Albanian: gllog",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Albanian: gllog"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hu",
            "2": "galagonya",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hungarian: galagonya\n→ Pannonian Rusyn: ґалаґоня (galagonja)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hungarian: galagonya\n→ Pannonian Rusyn: ґалаґоня (galagonja)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*glogʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *glogʰ-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "γλῶχες",
        "3": "",
        "4": "beard of corn"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek γλῶχες (glôkhes, “beard of corn”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *glogʰ-. Cognate with Ancient Greek γλῶχες (glôkhes, “beard of corn”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "glògъ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "b",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glògъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glodzì",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glògъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogòma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogòmъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glògъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogỳ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogъ̀mь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogòmь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogòma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glògy",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glodzě̀",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glòdzěxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glože",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glodzì",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "glògъ",
        "ap": "b",
        "g": "m",
        "stem": "o"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/glogъ",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hawthorn"
      ],
      "id": "en-glogъ-sla-pro-noun-FvDpz28-",
      "links": [
        [
          "hawthorn",
          "hawthorn"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "glogъ"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "глог"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: глог (hloh)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: глог (hloh)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "глог"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: глог (glog)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: глог (glog)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "глід",
            "3": "гліг"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: глід (hlid), гліг (hlih)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: глід (hlid), гліг (hlih)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "глог"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: глог (glog)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: глог (glog)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "глог"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: глог (glog)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: глог (glog)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "гло̏г",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: гло̏г",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: гло̏г"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "glȍg",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: glȍg",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: glȍg"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "glȍg",
            "bor": "",
            "der": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: glȍg",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "glȍg",
            "2": "glọ̑g"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: glȍg, glọ̑g (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: glȍg, glọ̑g (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "hloh"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: hloh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: hloh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "hloh"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: hloh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: hloh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "głóg"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: głóg",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: głóg"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-osk",
            "2": "hloh"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Slovak: hloh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Slovak: hloh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rsk",
            "2": "глог"
          },
          "expansion": "Pannonian Rusyn: глог (hloh)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Pannonian Rusyn: глог (hloh)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "hloh"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: hloh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: hloh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "głog"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: głog",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: głog"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "hłohonc",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Upper Sorbian: hłohonc",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Upper Sorbian: hłohonc"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Non-Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "gllog",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Albanian: gllog",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Albanian: gllog"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hu",
            "2": "galagonya",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hungarian: galagonya\n→ Pannonian Rusyn: ґалаґоня (galagonja)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hungarian: galagonya\n→ Pannonian Rusyn: ґалаґоня (galagonja)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*glogʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *glogʰ-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "γλῶχες",
        "3": "",
        "4": "beard of corn"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek γλῶχες (glôkhes, “beard of corn”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *glogʰ-. Cognate with Ancient Greek γλῶχες (glôkhes, “beard of corn”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "glògъ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "b",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glògъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glodzì",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glògъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogòma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogòmъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glògъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogỳ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogъ̀mь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogòmь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogòma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glògy",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glodzě̀",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glòdzěxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glože",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glogà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glodzì",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "glògъ",
        "ap": "b",
        "g": "m",
        "stem": "o"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/glogъ",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
        "Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
        "Proto-Slavic nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "sla-pro:Pome fruits"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hawthorn"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hawthorn",
          "hawthorn"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "glogъ"
}

Download raw JSONL data for glogъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (6.8kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.