See bydlo in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "было́"
},
"expansion": "Russian: было́ (byló)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Russian: было́ (byló) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "bydlo"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: bydlo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: bydlo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "bydlo"
},
"expansion": "Czech: bydlo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: bydlo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "bydło"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: bydło",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: bydło"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bydło"
},
"expansion": "Polish: bydło",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: bydło"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "бꙑдло",
"bor": "1",
"t": "animal"
},
"expansion": "→ Old East Slavic: бꙑдло (bydlo, “animal”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old East Slavic: бꙑдло (bydlo, “animal”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "бы́дла"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: бы́дла (býdla)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: бы́дла (býdla)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "бы́дло"
},
"expansion": "Russian: бы́дло (býdlo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: бы́дло (býdlo)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "би́дло"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: би́дло (býdlo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: би́дло (býdlo)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pomeranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "bëdło"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: bëdło",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: bëdło"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "bydlô"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: bydlô",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: bydlô"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "bydlo"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: bydlo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: bydlo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "bydło"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: bydło",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: bydło"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "bydło"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: bydło",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: bydło"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰuH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*bū́ˀtla"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *bū́ˀtla",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰuH-tlom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-tlom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰuH-",
"3": "*-tlom",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*bʰuH- + *-tlom",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*byti",
"3": "*-dlo",
"t1": "to be",
"t2": "instrumental suffix"
},
"expansion": "*byti (“to be”) + *-dlo (“instrumental suffix”)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bū́ˀtla, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-tlom, from *bʰuH- + *-tlom. Equivalent to *byti (“to be”) + *-dlo (“instrumental suffix”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bydlò",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlò",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bỹdlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bỹdlъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlòma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlòmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlò",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bỹdlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlъ̀mь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlòmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlòma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "bỹdly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "bỹdlěxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlò",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bỹdlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "b"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bydlo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "EDSIL without passage",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dwelling, abode"
],
"id": "en-bydlo-sla-pro-noun-~mprWpD0",
"links": [
[
"dwelling",
"dwelling"
],
[
"abode",
"abode"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*obydlo"
},
{
"word": "*obitělь"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 90",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 84",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-dlo",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"possessions, cattle"
],
"id": "en-bydlo-sla-pro-noun-ifmb8vyh",
"links": [
[
"possession",
"possession"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*dobytъkъ"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "bydlo"
}
{
"categories": [
"EDSIL without passage",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard neuter o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰuH-",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-dlo"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "было́"
},
"expansion": "Russian: было́ (byló)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Russian: было́ (byló) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "bydlo"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: bydlo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: bydlo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "bydlo"
},
"expansion": "Czech: bydlo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: bydlo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "bydło"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: bydło",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: bydło"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bydło"
},
"expansion": "Polish: bydło",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: bydło"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "бꙑдло",
"bor": "1",
"t": "animal"
},
"expansion": "→ Old East Slavic: бꙑдло (bydlo, “animal”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old East Slavic: бꙑдло (bydlo, “animal”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "бы́дла"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: бы́дла (býdla)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: бы́дла (býdla)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "бы́дло"
},
"expansion": "Russian: бы́дло (býdlo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: бы́дло (býdlo)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "би́дло"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: би́дло (býdlo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: би́дло (býdlo)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pomeranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "bëdło"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: bëdło",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: bëdło"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "bydlô"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: bydlô",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: bydlô"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "bydlo"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: bydlo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: bydlo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "bydło"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: bydło",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: bydło"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "bydło"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: bydło",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: bydło"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰuH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*bū́ˀtla"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *bū́ˀtla",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰuH-tlom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-tlom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰuH-",
"3": "*-tlom",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*bʰuH- + *-tlom",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*byti",
"3": "*-dlo",
"t1": "to be",
"t2": "instrumental suffix"
},
"expansion": "*byti (“to be”) + *-dlo (“instrumental suffix”)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bū́ˀtla, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-tlom, from *bʰuH- + *-tlom. Equivalent to *byti (“to be”) + *-dlo (“instrumental suffix”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bydlò",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlò",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bỹdlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bỹdlъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlòma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlòmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlò",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bỹdlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlъ̀mь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlòmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlòma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "bỹdly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "bỹdlěxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlò",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bỹdlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bȳdlà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "b"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bydlo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"dwelling, abode"
],
"links": [
[
"dwelling",
"dwelling"
],
[
"abode",
"abode"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*obydlo"
},
{
"word": "*obitělь"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"possessions, cattle"
],
"links": [
[
"possession",
"possession"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*dobytъkъ"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "bydlo"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bydlo meaning in Proto-Slavic (6.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.