See ba in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ба"
},
"expansion": "Russian: ба (ba)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rare"
},
"expansion": "(rare)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Russian: ба (ba) (rare)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ба",
"t": "wow!"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: ба (ba, “wow!”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: ба (ba, “wow!”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ба"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: ба (ba)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rare"
},
"expansion": "(rare)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: ба (ba) (rare)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "ба"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: ба (ba)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rare",
"2": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(rare, dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: ба (ba) (rare, dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ба̏",
"sclb": "1",
"t": "wow!"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ба̏ (“wow!”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ба̏ (“wow!”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "bȁ",
"sclb": "1",
"t": "wow!"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: bȁ (“wow!”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: bȁ (“wow!”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ba"
},
"expansion": "Czech: ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: ba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ba"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: ba"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ba"
},
"expansion": "Polish: ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: ba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "ba"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: ba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "ba"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: ba"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰo",
"4": "*bʰoh₁",
"pos": "affirmative adverb"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰoh₁ (affirmative adverb)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φή",
"3": "",
"4": "like, as"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek φή (phḗ, “like, as”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬠𐬁",
"3": "",
"4": "indeed"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬠𐬁 (bā, “indeed”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Likely from Proto-Indo-European *bʰoh₁ (affirmative adverb), cognate with Ancient Greek φή (phḗ, “like, as”), Avestan 𐬠𐬁 (bā, “indeed”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "particle",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*ba",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ba",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "*ne"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"yes, yeah (a term used to indicate general agreement)"
],
"id": "en-ba-sla-pro-particle-uyPLM2yM",
"links": [
[
"yes",
"yes"
],
[
"yeah",
"yeah"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*da"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "→ wow, really (interjection expressing surprise, astonishment)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indeed"
],
"id": "en-ba-sla-pro-particle-2Iij5OqV",
"links": [
[
"indeed",
"indeed"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
],
"word": "ba"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic particles",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ба"
},
"expansion": "Russian: ба (ba)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rare"
},
"expansion": "(rare)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Russian: ба (ba) (rare)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ба",
"t": "wow!"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: ба (ba, “wow!”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: ба (ba, “wow!”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ба"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: ба (ba)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rare"
},
"expansion": "(rare)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: ба (ba) (rare)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "ба"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: ба (ba)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rare",
"2": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(rare, dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: ба (ba) (rare, dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ба̏",
"sclb": "1",
"t": "wow!"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ба̏ (“wow!”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ба̏ (“wow!”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "bȁ",
"sclb": "1",
"t": "wow!"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: bȁ (“wow!”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: bȁ (“wow!”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ba"
},
"expansion": "Czech: ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: ba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ba"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: ba"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ba"
},
"expansion": "Polish: ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: ba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "ba"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: ba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "ba"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: ba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: ba"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰo",
"4": "*bʰoh₁",
"pos": "affirmative adverb"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰoh₁ (affirmative adverb)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φή",
"3": "",
"4": "like, as"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek φή (phḗ, “like, as”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬠𐬁",
"3": "",
"4": "indeed"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬠𐬁 (bā, “indeed”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Likely from Proto-Indo-European *bʰoh₁ (affirmative adverb), cognate with Ancient Greek φή (phḗ, “like, as”), Avestan 𐬠𐬁 (bā, “indeed”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "particle",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*ba",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ba",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "*ne"
}
],
"glosses": [
"yes, yeah (a term used to indicate general agreement)"
],
"links": [
[
"yes",
"yes"
],
[
"yeah",
"yeah"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*da"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "→ wow, really (interjection expressing surprise, astonishment)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indeed"
],
"links": [
[
"indeed",
"indeed"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
],
"word": "ba"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ba meaning in Proto-Slavic (3.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (92124b4 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.