See Sъvarogъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "Svaróh",
"word": "Сваро́г"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Svaróg",
"word": "Сваро́г"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Svaróh",
"word": "Сваро́г"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Sóvaroh",
"word": "Со́варог"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"roman": "Svarog",
"word": "Сварог"
},
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing"
],
"word": "Svarog"
},
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "Svaroh"
},
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "Swarog"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"roman": "Svarog",
"word": "Сварог"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "Swaróg"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "Сва̀рог"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "Svàrog"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing"
]
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "Svarog"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "Svarọ̑g"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"roman": "Svarogŭ",
"word": "Сварогъ"
}
],
"lang": "Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "zls-chs",
"roman": "*Sŭvarogŭ",
"word": "*Съварогъ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "sfarog"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "Svárog",
"word": "Сва́рог"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "sfarog"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "Svároška bara",
"word": "Сва́рошка бара"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "*Svárog",
"word": "*Сва́рогъ"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "Svaroh"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "Svarog"
},
{
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"roman": "Svaróg",
"word": "Σβαρόγ"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "Svarog"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "Svarog"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "Svarog"
},
{
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "סבארוג"
},
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "スヴァローグ"
}
],
"lang": "Non-Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*sъvarъ",
"3": "*-ogъ",
"t1": "heat"
},
"expansion": "*sъvarъ (“heat”) + *-ogъ",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*svarъ",
"3": "*-ogъ",
"t1": "trouble, quarrel"
},
"expansion": "*svarъ (“trouble, quarrel”) + *-ogъ",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ogień"
},
"expansion": "Polish ogień",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "स्वर्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit स्वर् (svar)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆 (huuar^ə)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa-cls",
"2": "خور",
"tr": "xwar"
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian خور (xwar)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from earlier *sъvarògъ (\"fire\"), from *sъvarъ (“heat”) + *-ogъ. After Christianization, the word сва́рог (svárog) has been preserved in the Russian Novgorod dialect meaning \"fire; blacksmith\", and \"grasshopper\", the latter meaning compare with modern Common Russian кузнечик (kuznečik, “grasshopper”, literally “little blacksmith”) (see also dial. сварожина (svarožina, “grasshopper”)). The word was also borrowed into Romanian dialectal sfarog (“dried or burnt food”) from a South Slavic source reconstructed as *сварогъ (*svarog), probably Bulgarian.\nPer Brückner, from *svarъ (“trouble, quarrel”) + *-ogъ with literal meaning “the fire arguer” (Polish ogień-kłótnik). However, in Slavic languages such a derivation is not attested.\nIn the past, the stem *svar- was thought to be borrowing from Indo-Iranian word for sun, sky, cf. Sanskrit स्वर् (svar), Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆 (huuar^ə), Classical Persian خور (xwar), but this etymology cannot be accepted for phonetic and geographical reasons. It is also unclear why the Slavs would borrow the word for sun from the Indo-Iranians, which had no religious connotations, although they did not borrow the word for sun from other, neighboring peoples.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Sъvarògъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Sъvàrogъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Sъvàrogъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "proper noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "*Sъvarògъ",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*Sъvarògъ m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Sъvàrogъ",
"ap": "a",
"n": "s"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/Sъvarogъ",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic singularia tantum",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ogъ",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Sъvarožiťь"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Svarog"
],
"id": "en-Sъvarogъ-sla-pro-name-DGaZio8i",
"links": [
[
"Svarog",
"Svarog"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "to weld together",
"translation": "to weld together",
"word": "sъvariti"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "Sъvarogъ"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "Sъvarožiťь"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "Svaróh",
"word": "Сваро́г"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Svaróg",
"word": "Сваро́г"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Svaróh",
"word": "Сваро́г"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Sóvaroh",
"word": "Со́варог"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"roman": "Svarog",
"word": "Сварог"
},
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing"
],
"word": "Svarog"
},
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "Svaroh"
},
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "Swarog"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"roman": "Svarog",
"word": "Сварог"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "Swaróg"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "Сва̀рог"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "Svàrog"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing"
]
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "Svarog"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "Svarọ̑g"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"roman": "Svarogŭ",
"word": "Сварогъ"
}
],
"lang": "Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "zls-chs",
"roman": "*Sŭvarogŭ",
"word": "*Съварогъ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "sfarog"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "Svárog",
"word": "Сва́рог"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "sfarog"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "Svároška bara",
"word": "Сва́рошка бара"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "*Svárog",
"word": "*Сва́рогъ"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "Svaroh"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "Svarog"
},
{
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"roman": "Svaróg",
"word": "Σβαρόγ"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "Svarog"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "Svarog"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "Svarog"
},
{
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "סבארוג"
},
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "スヴァローグ"
}
],
"lang": "Non-Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*sъvarъ",
"3": "*-ogъ",
"t1": "heat"
},
"expansion": "*sъvarъ (“heat”) + *-ogъ",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*svarъ",
"3": "*-ogъ",
"t1": "trouble, quarrel"
},
"expansion": "*svarъ (“trouble, quarrel”) + *-ogъ",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ogień"
},
"expansion": "Polish ogień",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "स्वर्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit स्वर् (svar)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆 (huuar^ə)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa-cls",
"2": "خور",
"tr": "xwar"
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian خور (xwar)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from earlier *sъvarògъ (\"fire\"), from *sъvarъ (“heat”) + *-ogъ. After Christianization, the word сва́рог (svárog) has been preserved in the Russian Novgorod dialect meaning \"fire; blacksmith\", and \"grasshopper\", the latter meaning compare with modern Common Russian кузнечик (kuznečik, “grasshopper”, literally “little blacksmith”) (see also dial. сварожина (svarožina, “grasshopper”)). The word was also borrowed into Romanian dialectal sfarog (“dried or burnt food”) from a South Slavic source reconstructed as *сварогъ (*svarog), probably Bulgarian.\nPer Brückner, from *svarъ (“trouble, quarrel”) + *-ogъ with literal meaning “the fire arguer” (Polish ogień-kłótnik). However, in Slavic languages such a derivation is not attested.\nIn the past, the stem *svar- was thought to be borrowing from Indo-Iranian word for sun, sky, cf. Sanskrit स्वर् (svar), Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆 (huuar^ə), Classical Persian خور (xwar), but this etymology cannot be accepted for phonetic and geographical reasons. It is also unclear why the Slavs would borrow the word for sun from the Indo-Iranians, which had no religious connotations, although they did not borrow the word for sun from other, neighboring peoples.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Sъvarògъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Sъvàrogъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Sъvàrogъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "proper noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "*Sъvarògъ",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*Sъvarògъ m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Sъvàrogъ",
"ap": "a",
"n": "s"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/Sъvarogъ",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"english": "to weld together",
"translation": "to weld together",
"word": "sъvariti"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"Proto-Slavic proper nouns",
"Proto-Slavic singularia tantum",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ogъ",
"sla-pro:Gods"
],
"glosses": [
"Svarog"
],
"links": [
[
"Svarog",
"Svarog"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "Sъvarogъ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Sъvarogъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (7.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (ffdbfc3 and b9346a0). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.