See Dъněprъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "Dnjapró",
"word": "Дняпро́"
},
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "Dnjepr",
"word": "Днепр"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "Dnjipr",
"word": "Днїпр"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dnipró",
"word": "Дніпро́"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dnipr",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "Дніпр"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dníper",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "Дні́пер"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "Dněpr",
"word": "Днѣпръ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "Dnjapró",
"word": "Дняпро́"
},
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
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"word": "Днепр"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "Dnjipr",
"word": "Днїпр"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dnipró",
"word": "Дніпро́"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dnipr",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "Дніпр"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dníper",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "Дні́пер"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "Dněpró",
"word": "Днѣпро́"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Dnepr",
"word": "Днепр"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Dněpr",
"word": "Днѣпръ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "Neprʹ",
"word": "Непрь"
},
{
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "Nepr",
"word": "Непръ"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Nepra",
"word": "Непра"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "Neprŭ",
"word": "Непръ"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "Dŭněprŭ",
"word": "Дънѣпръ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "Dnjapró",
"word": "Дняпро́"
},
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "Dnjepr",
"word": "Днепр"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "Dnjipr",
"word": "Днїпр"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dnipró",
"word": "Дніпро́"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dnipr",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "Дніпр"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dníper",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "Дні́пер"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "Dněpr",
"word": "Днѣпръ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "Dnjapró",
"word": "Дняпро́"
},
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "Dnjepr",
"word": "Днепр"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "Dnjipr",
"word": "Днїпр"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dnipró",
"word": "Дніпро́"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dnipr",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "Дніпр"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dníper",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "Дні́пер"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "Dněpró",
"word": "Днѣпро́"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Dnepr",
"word": "Днепр"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Dněpr",
"word": "Днѣпръ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "Neprʹ",
"word": "Непрь"
},
{
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "Nepr",
"word": "Непръ"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Nepra",
"word": "Непра"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "Neprŭ",
"word": "Непръ"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "Dĭněprĭ",
"word": "Дьнѣпрь"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "Dněpr"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "Dněpr"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "Dniepr"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "Dánapris",
"word": "Δάναπρις"
}
],
"lang": "Non-Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "xsc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Scythian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "oos",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Ossetic",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*déh₂nu",
"4": "",
"5": "river"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *déh₂nu (“river”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Scythian/Old Ossetic (Sarmatian) *Dānu Apara (“Far River”) or *Dānapr (“Deep River”). The former derivation would pair it with the Dniester (“Near River”), while the latter would refer to its lack of fords. In either case, the first element is from Proto-Indo-European *déh₂nu (“river”), which is also found in a number of other river names in Europe; see more at Danube.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Dъně̃prъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Dъně̃prъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Dъněpre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "proper noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "*Dъněprъ",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*Dъněprъ m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Dъněprъ",
"ap": "b",
"g": "m",
"n": "s"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/Dъněprъ",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic singularia tantum",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Dnieper (a river in Russia, Belarus and Ukraine)"
],
"id": "en-Dъněprъ-sla-pro-name-xXoQW3dQ",
"links": [
[
"Dnieper",
"Dnieper#English"
],
[
"river",
"river"
],
[
"Russia",
"Russia#English"
],
[
"Belarus",
"Belarus#English"
],
[
"Ukraine",
"Ukraine#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*Slovǫta"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "Dъněprъ"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "Dnjapró",
"word": "Дняпро́"
},
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "Dnjepr",
"word": "Днепр"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "Dnjipr",
"word": "Днїпр"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dnipró",
"word": "Дніпро́"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dnipr",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "Дніпр"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dníper",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "Дні́пер"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "Dněpr",
"word": "Днѣпръ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "Dnjapró",
"word": "Дняпро́"
},
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "Dnjepr",
"word": "Днепр"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "Dnjipr",
"word": "Днїпр"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dnipró",
"word": "Дніпро́"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dnipr",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "Дніпр"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dníper",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "Дні́пер"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "Dněpró",
"word": "Днѣпро́"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Dnepr",
"word": "Днепр"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Dněpr",
"word": "Днѣпръ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "Neprʹ",
"word": "Непрь"
},
{
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "Nepr",
"word": "Непръ"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Nepra",
"word": "Непра"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "Neprŭ",
"word": "Непръ"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "Dŭněprŭ",
"word": "Дънѣпръ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "Dnjapró",
"word": "Дняпро́"
},
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "Dnjepr",
"word": "Днепр"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "Dnjipr",
"word": "Днїпр"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dnipró",
"word": "Дніпро́"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dnipr",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "Дніпр"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dníper",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "Дні́пер"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "Dněpr",
"word": "Днѣпръ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "Dnjapró",
"word": "Дняпро́"
},
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "Dnjepr",
"word": "Днепр"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "Dnjipr",
"word": "Днїпр"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dnipró",
"word": "Дніпро́"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dnipr",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "Дніпр"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Dníper",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "Дні́пер"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "Dněpró",
"word": "Днѣпро́"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Dnepr",
"word": "Днепр"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Dněpr",
"word": "Днѣпръ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "Neprʹ",
"word": "Непрь"
},
{
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "Nepr",
"word": "Непръ"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Nepra",
"word": "Непра"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "Neprŭ",
"word": "Непръ"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "Dĭněprĭ",
"word": "Дьнѣпрь"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "Dněpr"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "Dněpr"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "Dniepr"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "Dánapris",
"word": "Δάναπρις"
}
],
"lang": "Non-Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "xsc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Scythian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "oos",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Ossetic",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*déh₂nu",
"4": "",
"5": "river"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *déh₂nu (“river”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Scythian/Old Ossetic (Sarmatian) *Dānu Apara (“Far River”) or *Dānapr (“Deep River”). The former derivation would pair it with the Dniester (“Near River”), while the latter would refer to its lack of fords. In either case, the first element is from Proto-Indo-European *déh₂nu (“river”), which is also found in a number of other river names in Europe; see more at Danube.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Dъně̃prъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Dъně̃prъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Dъněpre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "proper noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "*Dъněprъ",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*Dъněprъ m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Dъněprъ",
"ap": "b",
"g": "m",
"n": "s"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/Dъněprъ",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"Proto-Slavic proper nouns",
"Proto-Slavic singularia tantum",
"Proto-Slavic terms borrowed from Old Ossetic",
"Proto-Slavic terms borrowed from Scythian languages",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Old Ossetic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Scythian languages",
"Proto-Slavic terms with redundant head parameter",
"sla-pro:Places in Belarus",
"sla-pro:Places in Russia",
"sla-pro:Places in Ukraine",
"sla-pro:Rivers in Belarus",
"sla-pro:Rivers in Russia",
"sla-pro:Rivers in Ukraine"
],
"glosses": [
"Dnieper (a river in Russia, Belarus and Ukraine)"
],
"links": [
[
"Dnieper",
"Dnieper#English"
],
[
"river",
"river"
],
[
"Russia",
"Russia#English"
],
[
"Belarus",
"Belarus#English"
],
[
"Ukraine",
"Ukraine#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*Slovǫta"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "Dъněprъ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Dъněprъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (7.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.