See -ьstvo in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "-ьство"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: -ьство (-ĭstvo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: -ьство (-ĭstvo)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "-ства",
"3": "-ство́"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: -ства (-stva), -ство́ (-stvó)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: -ства (-stva), -ство́ (-stvó)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-ство"
},
"expansion": "Russian: -ство (-stvo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: -ство (-stvo)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "-ство"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: -ство (-stvo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: -ство (-stvo)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cyrillic: -ьство (-ĭstvo)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Glagolitic: ⱐⱄⱅⰲⱁ (ĭstvo)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-ство"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: -ство (-stvo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: -ство (-stvo)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "-ство"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: -ство (-stvo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: -ство (-stvo)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-ство",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: -ство",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: -ство"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-stvo",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: -stvo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: -stvo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "-stvo"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: -stvo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: -stvo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "-stvo",
"3": "-ství"
},
"expansion": "Czech: -stvo, -ství",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: -stvo, -ství"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "-stwo"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: -stwo\nPolish: -stwo\nSilesian: -stwo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: -stwo\nPolish: -stwo\nSilesian: -stwo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "-stvo"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: -stvo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: -stvo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pomeranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "-stwo"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: -stwo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: -stwo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "-stwô"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: -stwô",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: -stwô"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "-stwo"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: -stwo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: -stwo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "-stvo"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: -stvo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: -stvo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "־סטווע",
"bor": "1",
"qq": "via Belarusian, Polish, Russian, and Ukrainian"
},
"expansion": "→ Yiddish: ־סטווע (-stve) (via Belarusian, Polish, Russian, and Ukrainian)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Yiddish: ־סטווע (-stve) (via Belarusian, Polish, Russian, and Ukrainian)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*-istwa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *-istwa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-tus",
"4": "*-twom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-twom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-त्व",
"3": "",
"4": "-ness, -hood"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -त्व (-tva, “-ness, -hood”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-istwa, from Proto-Indo-European *-twom. See also *-tvo.\nCompare Sanskrit -त्व (-tva, “-ness, -hood”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvomъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvěxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ьstvo",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 32 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 32 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "bogatъ (“rich, wealth”) → *bogatьstvo (“wealth, fortune; richness”)"
},
{
"text": "lǫkavъ (“evil, cunning”) → *lǫkavьstvo (“wickedness, cunningness”)"
},
{
"text": "mъnogъ (“many”) → *mъnožьstvo (“multitude, crowd”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Deadjectival, forming nouns denoting a condition or state. Equivalent of English -hood, -ness."
],
"id": "en--ьstvo-sla-pro-suffix-lXDMoi4P",
"links": [
[
"-hood",
"-hood#English"
],
[
"-ness",
"-ness#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 32 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 32 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "gospodь (“lord, master”) → *gospodьstvo (“power, rule, government”)"
},
{
"text": "děva (“maiden, virgin”) → *děvьstvo (“virginity, purity”)"
},
{
"text": "mǫžь (“man, husband”) → *mǫžьstvo (“masculinity, manhood”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Denominal, forming nouns denoting a performance or carrying of action. Equivalent of English -hood, -ness."
],
"id": "en--ьstvo-sla-pro-suffix-8JNR10Yg",
"links": [
[
"-hood",
"-hood#English"
],
[
"-ness",
"-ness#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 32 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 32 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "dějati (“to do, act”) → *dějьstvo (“performance, operation”)"
},
{
"text": "čuti (“to feel, perceive”) → *čujьstvo, *čuvьstvo (“feeling, emotion”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Deverbal, forming nouns denoting an action. Equivalent of English -hood, -ness."
],
"id": "en--ьstvo-sla-pro-suffix-LbHQW6x-",
"links": [
[
"-hood",
"-hood#English"
],
[
"-ness",
"-ness#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ьstvo"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard neuter o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic neuter suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "-ьство"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: -ьство (-ĭstvo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: -ьство (-ĭstvo)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "-ства",
"3": "-ство́"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: -ства (-stva), -ство́ (-stvó)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: -ства (-stva), -ство́ (-stvó)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-ство"
},
"expansion": "Russian: -ство (-stvo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: -ство (-stvo)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "-ство"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: -ство (-stvo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: -ство (-stvo)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cyrillic: -ьство (-ĭstvo)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Glagolitic: ⱐⱄⱅⰲⱁ (ĭstvo)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-ство"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: -ство (-stvo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: -ство (-stvo)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "-ство"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: -ство (-stvo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: -ство (-stvo)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-ство",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: -ство",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: -ство"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-stvo",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: -stvo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: -stvo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "-stvo"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: -stvo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: -stvo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "-stvo",
"3": "-ství"
},
"expansion": "Czech: -stvo, -ství",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: -stvo, -ství"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "-stwo"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: -stwo\nPolish: -stwo\nSilesian: -stwo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: -stwo\nPolish: -stwo\nSilesian: -stwo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "-stvo"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: -stvo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: -stvo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pomeranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "-stwo"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: -stwo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: -stwo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "-stwô"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: -stwô",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: -stwô"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "-stwo"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: -stwo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: -stwo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "-stvo"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: -stvo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: -stvo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "־סטווע",
"bor": "1",
"qq": "via Belarusian, Polish, Russian, and Ukrainian"
},
"expansion": "→ Yiddish: ־סטווע (-stve) (via Belarusian, Polish, Russian, and Ukrainian)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Yiddish: ־סטווע (-stve) (via Belarusian, Polish, Russian, and Ukrainian)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*-istwa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *-istwa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-tus",
"4": "*-twom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-twom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-त्व",
"3": "",
"4": "-ness, -hood"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -त्व (-tva, “-ness, -hood”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-istwa, from Proto-Indo-European *-twom. See also *-tvo.\nCompare Sanskrit -त्व (-tva, “-ness, -hood”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvomъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvěxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstvě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьstva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ьstvo",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "bogatъ (“rich, wealth”) → *bogatьstvo (“wealth, fortune; richness”)"
},
{
"text": "lǫkavъ (“evil, cunning”) → *lǫkavьstvo (“wickedness, cunningness”)"
},
{
"text": "mъnogъ (“many”) → *mъnožьstvo (“multitude, crowd”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Deadjectival, forming nouns denoting a condition or state. Equivalent of English -hood, -ness."
],
"links": [
[
"-hood",
"-hood#English"
],
[
"-ness",
"-ness#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "gospodь (“lord, master”) → *gospodьstvo (“power, rule, government”)"
},
{
"text": "děva (“maiden, virgin”) → *děvьstvo (“virginity, purity”)"
},
{
"text": "mǫžь (“man, husband”) → *mǫžьstvo (“masculinity, manhood”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Denominal, forming nouns denoting a performance or carrying of action. Equivalent of English -hood, -ness."
],
"links": [
[
"-hood",
"-hood#English"
],
[
"-ness",
"-ness#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "dějati (“to do, act”) → *dějьstvo (“performance, operation”)"
},
{
"text": "čuti (“to feel, perceive”) → *čujьstvo, *čuvьstvo (“feeling, emotion”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Deverbal, forming nouns denoting an action. Equivalent of English -hood, -ness."
],
"links": [
[
"-hood",
"-hood#English"
],
[
"-ness",
"-ness#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ьstvo"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ьstvo meaning in Proto-Slavic (8.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (94ba7e1 and 5dea2a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.