See žaba in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "жаба",
"alt": "жа́ба"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: жа́ба (žába)\nOld Ruthenian: жа́ба (žába)\nBelarusian: жа́ба (žába)\nCarpathian Rusyn: жа́ба (žába)\nUkrainian: жа́ба (žába)\nRussian: жа́ба (žába)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: жа́ба (žába)\nOld Ruthenian: жа́ба (žába)\nBelarusian: жа́ба (žába)\nCarpathian Rusyn: жа́ба (žába)\nUkrainian: жа́ба (žába)\nRussian: жа́ба (žába)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⰶⰰⰱⰰ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰶⰰⰱⰰ (žaba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⰶⰰⰱⰰ (žaba)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "жаба",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: жаба (žaba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: жаба (žaba)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "жа́ба"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: жа́ба (žába)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: жа́ба (žába)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "жаба"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: жаба (žaba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: жаба (žaba)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "жа̏ба",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: жа̏ба",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: жа̏ба"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "žȁba",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: žȁba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: žȁba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "žába"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: žába",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: žába"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "žába"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: žába",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: žába"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "žába"
},
"expansion": "Czech: žába",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: žába"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "Mistřice"
},
"expansion": "(Mistřice)",
"name": "a"
}
],
"text": "Moravian (Mistřice): žaba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "żaba"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: żaba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: żaba"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "żaba"
},
"expansion": "Polish: żaba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: żaba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "žaba"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: žaba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: žaba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rsk",
"2": "жаба"
},
"expansion": "Pannonian Rusyn: жаба (žaba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pannonian Rusyn: жаба (žaba)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "żaba"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: żaba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: żaba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "zobo"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: zobo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: zobo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "žaba"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: žaba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: žaba"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "žaba"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: žaba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: žaba"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "zhabë",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: zhabë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: zhabë"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "זשאַבע",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Yiddish: זשאַבע (zhabe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Yiddish: זשאַבע (zhabe)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "'save",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Friulian: 'save",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Friulian: 'save"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "gabawo",
"3": "",
"4": "toad"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian gabawo (“toad”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "būfo",
"3": "",
"4": "toad"
},
"expansion": "Latin būfo (“toad”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kwappō",
"3": "",
"4": "type of fresh-water fish"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kwappō (“type of fresh-water fish”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βάβακος",
"3": "",
"4": "type of frog"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek βάβακος (bábakos, “type of frog”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From an earlier *žěba, of uncertain origin.\nComparison has been drawn with Old Prussian gabawo (“toad”) and Latin būfo (“toad”), however, neither of these lemmas agree on the quality of the root vowel. It has been proposed that only the Slavic and Prussian words are actually related, ultimately descending from *gʷh₂béh₂ ~ *gʷh₂bowéh₂. The hypothesis goes that the Proto-Indo-European laryngeal was reflected as *-h₂- > *-ə- > *-e- in pre-Slavic and eventually lengthened by the following -b- due to Winter's law. Suggested cognates under this etymology are Proto-Germanic *kwappō (“type of fresh-water fish”) and Ancient Greek βάβακος (bábakos, “type of frog”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "žàba",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "žàba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "žàby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "žàby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "žàby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbǭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbamī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "žàby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "žàba",
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žaba",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"frog, toad"
],
"id": "en-žaba-sla-pro-noun-CLIZ6WaZ",
"links": [
[
"frog",
"frog"
],
[
"toad",
"toad"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "žaba"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "жаба",
"alt": "жа́ба"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: жа́ба (žába)\nOld Ruthenian: жа́ба (žába)\nBelarusian: жа́ба (žába)\nCarpathian Rusyn: жа́ба (žába)\nUkrainian: жа́ба (žába)\nRussian: жа́ба (žába)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: жа́ба (žába)\nOld Ruthenian: жа́ба (žába)\nBelarusian: жа́ба (žába)\nCarpathian Rusyn: жа́ба (žába)\nUkrainian: жа́ба (žába)\nRussian: жа́ба (žába)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⰶⰰⰱⰰ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰶⰰⰱⰰ (žaba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⰶⰰⰱⰰ (žaba)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "жаба",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: жаба (žaba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: жаба (žaba)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "жа́ба"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: жа́ба (žába)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: жа́ба (žába)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "жаба"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: жаба (žaba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: жаба (žaba)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "жа̏ба",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: жа̏ба",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: жа̏ба"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "žȁba",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: žȁba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: žȁba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "žába"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: žába",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: žába"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "žába"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: žába",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: žába"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "žába"
},
"expansion": "Czech: žába",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: žába"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "Mistřice"
},
"expansion": "(Mistřice)",
"name": "a"
}
],
"text": "Moravian (Mistřice): žaba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "żaba"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: żaba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: żaba"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "żaba"
},
"expansion": "Polish: żaba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: żaba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "žaba"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: žaba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: žaba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rsk",
"2": "жаба"
},
"expansion": "Pannonian Rusyn: жаба (žaba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pannonian Rusyn: жаба (žaba)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "żaba"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: żaba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: żaba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "zobo"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: zobo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: zobo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "žaba"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: žaba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: žaba"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "žaba"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: žaba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: žaba"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "zhabë",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: zhabë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: zhabë"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "זשאַבע",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Yiddish: זשאַבע (zhabe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Yiddish: זשאַבע (zhabe)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "'save",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Friulian: 'save",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Friulian: 'save"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "gabawo",
"3": "",
"4": "toad"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian gabawo (“toad”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "būfo",
"3": "",
"4": "toad"
},
"expansion": "Latin būfo (“toad”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kwappō",
"3": "",
"4": "type of fresh-water fish"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kwappō (“type of fresh-water fish”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βάβακος",
"3": "",
"4": "type of frog"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek βάβακος (bábakos, “type of frog”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From an earlier *žěba, of uncertain origin.\nComparison has been drawn with Old Prussian gabawo (“toad”) and Latin būfo (“toad”), however, neither of these lemmas agree on the quality of the root vowel. It has been proposed that only the Slavic and Prussian words are actually related, ultimately descending from *gʷh₂béh₂ ~ *gʷh₂bowéh₂. The hypothesis goes that the Proto-Indo-European laryngeal was reflected as *-h₂- > *-ə- > *-e- in pre-Slavic and eventually lengthened by the following -b- due to Winter's law. Suggested cognates under this etymology are Proto-Germanic *kwappō (“type of fresh-water fish”) and Ancient Greek βάβακος (bábakos, “type of frog”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "žàba",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "žàba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "žàby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "žàby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "žàby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbǭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbamī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "žàbě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "žàby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "žàba",
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žaba",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"sla-pro:Amphibians"
],
"glosses": [
"frog, toad"
],
"links": [
[
"frog",
"frog"
],
[
"toad",
"toad"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "žaba"
}
Download raw JSONL data for žaba meaning in Proto-Slavic (8.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (f889f65 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.