kъrma

kъrmà (canonical feminine)
kъrma (nominative singular)
kъrmě (dual nominative)
kъrmy (nominative plural)
kъrmy (genitive singular)
kъrmu (dual genitive)
kъrmъ (genitive plural)
kъrmě (dative singular)
kъrmama (dative dual)
kъrmamъ (dative plural)
kъrmǫ (accusative singular)
kъrmě (accusative dual)
kъrmy (accusative plural)
kъrmojǫ (instrumental singular)
kъrmǫ (instrumental singular)
kъrmama (dual instrumental)
kъrmami (instrumental plural)
kъrmě (locative singular)
kъrmu (dual locative)
kъrmasъ (locative plural)
kъrmaxъ (locative plural)
kъrmo (singular vocative)
kъrmě (dual vocative)
kъrmy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: корма (korma) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: корма (korma) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: кръма (krŭma)

Bulgarian: кърма́ (kǎrmá)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кр́ма

Latin script: kŕma

Slovene: kŕma (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: krma (dialectal)

Polish: karma

Slovincian: korma

Slovak: krmě

Resultant noun of *kъrmiti (“to nourish”) + *-a, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₃- (“to satiate”) (cf. Lithuanian pãšaras (“fodder”)) or *(s)kerH- (“to chop, to mince”) (cf. Latin carō (“flesh, meat”)). Possibly cognate with Old Irish cuirm (“beer”), Latin crāmum (“cream”).

der

→ breast milk


xobotъ

xȍbotъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
xȍbotъ (nominative singular)
xȍbota (dual nominative)
xȍboti (nominative plural)
xȍbota (genitive singular)
xobotù (dual genitive)
xobòtъ (genitive plural)
xȍbotu (dative singular)
xobotomà (dative dual)
xobotòmъ (dative plural)
xȍbotъ (accusative singular)
xȍbota (accusative dual)
xȍboty (accusative plural)
xȍbotъmь (instrumental singular)
xȍbotomь (instrumental singular)
xobotomà (dual instrumental)
xobotý (instrumental plural)
xȍbotě (locative singular)
xobotù (dual locative)
xobotě̃xъ (locative plural)
xobote (singular vocative)
xȍbota (dual vocative)
xȍboti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: хоботъ (xobotŭ)

Old Ruthenian: хо́ботъ (xóbot)

Belarusian: хо́бат (xóbat)

Ukrainian: хо́бот (xóbot)

desctree

Russian: хо́бот (xóbot)
→ Czech: chobot
→ Slovak: chobot

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: хоботъ (xobotŭ)

Bulgarian: хобот (hobot)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: хо̀бот

Latin script: hòbot

⇒ Cyrillic script: хо̀ботница

⇒ Latin script: hòbotnica

Slovene: hobòt (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: chobot
→ Old Polish: chobot
Polish: chobot (obsolete)

>? Kashubian: chòbòt

>? Slovincian: chôbôt

Unclear. Possibly deverbal from unattested *xobotěti with Lithuanian kabė́ti (“to hang”) as close cognate.

The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:

something thin and elongated, cone-shaped

Hanna Popowska-Taborska
w:pl:Hanna Popowska-Taborska


pozorъ

pozorъ (nominative singular)
pozora (dual nominative)
pozori (nominative plural)
pozora (genitive singular)
pozoru (dual genitive)
pozorъ (genitive plural)
pozoru (dative singular)
pozoroma (dative dual)
pozoromъ (dative plural)
pozorъ (accusative singular)
pozora (accusative dual)
pozory (accusative plural)
pozorъmь (instrumental singular)
pozoromь (instrumental singular)
pozoroma (dual instrumental)
pozory (instrumental plural)
pozorě (locative singular)
pozoru (dual locative)
pozorěxъ (locative plural)
pozore (singular vocative)
pozora (dual vocative)
pozori (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: позо́ръ (pozór)

desc

Ukrainian: позі́р (pozír), позо́р (pozór)

Russian: позо́р (pozór)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: позоръ (pozorŭ)

Bulgarian: позор (pozor)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: по̀зор

Latin script: pòzor

Slovene: pozòr (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: pozor

Polish: pozór

Slovak: pozor

*po- + *zorъ, derived from *zьrěti (“to observe”).


grabrъ

grabrъ (nominative singular)
grabra (dual nominative)
grabri (nominative plural)
grabra (genitive singular)
grabru (dual genitive)
grabrъ (genitive plural)
grabru (dative singular)
grabroma (dative dual)
grabromъ (dative plural)
grabrъ (accusative singular)
grabra (accusative dual)
grabry (accusative plural)
grabrъmь (instrumental singular)
grabromь (instrumental singular)
grabroma (dual instrumental)
grabry (instrumental plural)
grabrě (locative singular)
grabru (dual locative)
grabrěxъ (locative plural)
grabre (singular vocative)
grabra (dual vocative)
grabri (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: грабъ (hrab)

Belarusian: граб (hrab)

Ukrainian: граб (hrab)

⇒ Ukrainian: гра́би́на (hrábýna)

Russian: граб (grab)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: габър (gabǎr)

Macedonian: габер (gaber)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: граб

Latin script: grab

Slovene: grȃbǝr (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: habr, hrabr

Kashubian: grôbk

Polish: grab

Slovak: hrab

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: hrab

Lower Sorbian: grab

According to Pokorny, from Proto-Indo-European *grēb(ʰ)o-s, from the zero grade of *gerbʰ- (“to carve, dig out”).
Juxtapose Lithuanian skroblas, Latvian skābardis. Further compare Latvian Gruõbin̨a, Ancient Greek γράβιον (grábion, “torch”). Some authors argue for a non-Indo-European origin.


tętiva

tętivà (canonical feminine)
tętiva (nominative singular)
tętivě (dual nominative)
tętivy (nominative plural)
tętivy (genitive singular)
tętivu (dual genitive)
tętivъ (genitive plural)
tętivě (dative singular)
tętivama (dative dual)
tętivamъ (dative plural)
tętivǫ (accusative singular)
tętivě (accusative dual)
tętivy (accusative plural)
tętivojǫ (instrumental singular)
tętivǫ (instrumental singular)
tętivama (dual instrumental)
tętivami (instrumental plural)
tętivě (locative singular)
tętivu (dual locative)
tętivasъ (locative plural)
tętivaxъ (locative plural)
tętivo (singular vocative)
tętivě (dual vocative)
tętivy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old Ruthenian: тетива́ (tetivá), тѧтива́ (tjativá)

Belarusian: цецiва́ (cjecivá)

Ukrainian: тятива́ (tjatyvá)

Russian: тетива́ (tetivá)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: тѧтива

Bulgarian: тетива́ (tetivá)

Macedonian: тетива (tetiva)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тѐтива

Latin script: tètiva

Slovene: tetíva (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: tětiva

Polish: cięciwa

Slovak: tetiva

Probably from otherwise lost Proto-Balto-Slavic *témptei (“to pull”) + *-iva (whence Lithuanian tem̃pti (“to pull, to drag”), Latvian tìept (“to strain”)), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ten- (“to stretch”). Cognate with Lithuanian temptýva (“stretching”), tìmpa (“sinew”), possibly Old Norse þǫmb (“bowstring”), Old Armenian թամբ (tʻamb, “saddle”) and further akin to Lithuanian tiñklas (“set”), Ancient Greek τένων (ténōn, “tendon”), New Latin tensor.


pričina

pričina (nominative singular)
pričině (dual nominative)
pričiny (nominative plural)
pričiny (genitive singular)
pričinu (dual genitive)
pričinъ (genitive plural)
pričině (dative singular)
pričinama (dative dual)
pričinamъ (dative plural)
pričinǫ (accusative singular)
pričině (accusative dual)
pričiny (accusative plural)
pričinojǫ (instrumental singular)
pričinǫ (instrumental singular)
pričinama (dual instrumental)
pričinami (instrumental plural)
pričině (locative singular)
pričinu (dual locative)
pričinasъ (locative plural)
pričinaxъ (locative plural)
pričino (singular vocative)
pričině (dual vocative)
pričiny (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old Ruthenian: причи́на (pričína), прычы́на (pryčýna)

Belarusian: прычы́на (pryčýna)

Ukrainian: причи́на (pryčýna)

Russian: причи́на (pričína)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: причина (pričina)

Macedonian: причина (pričina)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: przëczëna

Old Czech: příčina
Czech: příčina

desctree

Old Polish: przyczyna
Polish: przyczyna
Silesian: prziczyna

Old Slovak: príčina
Slovak: príčina

Non-Slavic

→ Romanian: pricină


mękyna

mękyna (nominative singular)
mękyně (dual nominative)
mękyny (nominative plural)
mękyny (genitive singular)
mękynu (dual genitive)
mękynъ (genitive plural)
mękyně (dative singular)
mękynama (dative dual)
mękynamъ (dative plural)
mękynǫ (accusative singular)
mękyně (accusative dual)
mękyny (accusative plural)
mękynojǫ (instrumental singular)
mękynǫ (instrumental singular)
mękynama (dual instrumental)
mękynami (instrumental plural)
mękyně (locative singular)
mękynu (dual locative)
mękynasъ (locative plural)
mękynaxъ (locative plural)
mękyno (singular vocative)
mękyně (dual vocative)
mękyny (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old Ruthenian: мѧки́на (mjakína), меки́на (mekína)

Belarusian: мякі́на (mjakína), мекі́на (mjekína)

Ukrainian: м'яки́на (mʺjakýna), мняки́на (mnjakýna)

Russian: мяки́на (mjakína)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: меки́на (mekína)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: мѐкиње pl

Slovene: mekína (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Polish: miękina


zapъrtъkъ

zapъrtъkъ (nominative singular)
zapъrtъka (dual nominative)
zapъrtъci (nominative plural)
zapъrtъka (genitive singular)
zapъrtъku (dual genitive)
zapъrtъkъ (genitive plural)
zapъrtъku (dative singular)
zapъrtъkoma (dative dual)
zapъrtъkomъ (dative plural)
zapъrtъkъ (accusative singular)
zapъrtъka (accusative dual)
zapъrtъky (accusative plural)
zapъrtъkъmь (instrumental singular)
zapъrtъkomь (instrumental singular)
zapъrtъkoma (dual instrumental)
zapъrtъky (instrumental plural)
zapъrtъcě (locative singular)
zapъrtъku (dual locative)
zapъrtъcěxъ (locative plural)
zapъrtъče (singular vocative)
zapъrtъka (dual vocative)
zapъrtъci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: запоротокъ (zaporotokŭ), запъртъкъ (zapŭrtŭkŭ)

Old Ruthenian: за́поротокъ (záporotok)

Ukrainian: за́порток (záportok), за́пороток (záporotok), за́породок (záporodok)

Russian: за́порток (záportok) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Serbian Church Slavonic: запрътъкъ (zaprŭtŭkŭ)

Bulgarian: за́пъртък (zápǎrtǎk)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: за̀пртак

Latin script: zàprtak

Slovene: zapŕtek (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: záprtek, záprdek (obsolete)

Polish: zapartek (obsolete)

Old Slovak: záprdok

Slovak: záprdok

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: zараrtk

Upper Sorbian: zaportk


věxa

věxà (nominative singular)
věśě (dual nominative)
věxy (nominative plural)
věxy (genitive singular)
věxu (dual genitive)
věxъ (genitive plural)
věśě (dative singular)
věxama (dative dual)
věxamъ (dative plural)
věxǫ (accusative singular)
věśě (accusative dual)
věxy (accusative plural)
věxojǫ (instrumental singular)
věxǫ (instrumental singular)
věxama (dual instrumental)
věxami (instrumental plural)
věśě (locative singular)
věxu (dual locative)
věxasъ (locative plural)
věxaxъ (locative plural)
věxo (singular vocative)
věśě (dual vocative)
věxy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: ве́ха (véxa)

Ukrainian: вiха́ (vixá)

South Slavic:

Slovene: véha (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: viech

Czech: věch, vích, věcha

Polish: wiecha

Slovak: viecha

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weys- (“to produce”)


cicati

East Slavic:

Ukrainian: ціца́ти (cicáty) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: ци́цам (cícam), цо́цам (cócam)

Macedonian: цица (cica) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ци̏цати, цица̏ти

Latin script: cȉcati, cicȁti

Slovene: cę́cati (dialectal)

West Slavic:

Czech: cicati (dated and dialectal); cecati (rare)

Moravian: cicá, cecá (third-person singular present)

Kashubian: cëcac

Polish: (dialectal) cycać

Slovak: cicať; cecať, cicac (dialectal)

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: cycaś

Upper Sorbian: cycać


cicь

cicьkъ (diminutive)
cicьka (diminutive)
cicь (nominative singular)
cici (dual nominative)
cici (nominative plural)
cici (genitive singular)
cicьju (dual genitive)
cicьjь (genitive plural)
cici (dative singular)
cicьma (dative dual)
cicьmъ (dative plural)
cicь (accusative singular)
cici (accusative dual)
cici (accusative plural)
cicьjǫ (instrumental singular)
cicьma (dual instrumental)
cicьmi (instrumental plural)
cici (locative singular)
cicьju (dual locative)
cicьxъ (locative plural)
cici (singular vocative)
cici (dual vocative)
cici (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Kajkavian: cȅc

Slovene: cèc

West Slavic:

Old Czech: cec, cic

Czech: cící, cicí (dialectal)

Kashubian: cëc

Old Polish: cyc

Polish: cyc

Slovak: cic (dialectal)

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: cyc

Upper Sorbian: cyc

Onomatopoeic of baby's speech. Compare German Zitze, Italian tetta, Romanian țiță. See also Russian тить (titʹ), ти́та (títa).


prǫžina

prǫžina (nominative singular)
prǫžině (dual nominative)
prǫžiny (nominative plural)
prǫžiny (genitive singular)
prǫžinu (dual genitive)
prǫžinъ (genitive plural)
prǫžině (dative singular)
prǫžinama (dative dual)
prǫžinamъ (dative plural)
prǫžinǫ (accusative singular)
prǫžině (accusative dual)
prǫžiny (accusative plural)
prǫžinojǫ (instrumental singular)
prǫžinǫ (instrumental singular)
prǫžinama (dual instrumental)
prǫžinami (instrumental plural)
prǫžině (locative singular)
prǫžinu (dual locative)
prǫžinasъ (locative plural)
prǫžinaxъ (locative plural)
prǫžino (singular vocative)
prǫžině (dual vocative)
prǫžiny (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: пружи́на (pružína)

Ukrainian: пружи́на (pružýna)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: пружина (pružina)

Macedonian: пружина (pružina)

Slovene: prožína (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: pružina

Old Polish: prężyna

Polish: sprężyna

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: pružina

Lower Sorbian: рšužуnа


stьvolъ

stьvolъ (nominative singular)
stьvola (dual nominative)
stьvoli (nominative plural)
stьvola (genitive singular)
stьvolu (dual genitive)
stьvolъ (genitive plural)
stьvolu (dative singular)
stьvoloma (dative dual)
stьvolomъ (dative plural)
stьvolъ (accusative singular)
stьvola (accusative dual)
stьvoly (accusative plural)
stьvolъmь (instrumental singular)
stьvolomь (instrumental singular)
stьvoloma (dual instrumental)
stьvoly (instrumental plural)
stьvolě (locative singular)
stьvolu (dual locative)
stьvolěxъ (locative plural)
stьvole (singular vocative)
stьvola (dual vocative)
stьvoli (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: ствол (stvol)

Russian: ствол (stvol)

Ukrainian: ствол (stvol)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: ствол (stvol)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: цво̀лика

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: cmọ̑lje, cvolína (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: stvol

Slovak: stvol

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: stwoɫk

Lower Sorbian: stwóɫ

According to Vasmer, it shares the same origin as *stьblь.


lubъ

c (accent-paradigm)
lȗbъ (nominative singular)
lȗba (dual nominative)
lȗbi (nominative plural)
lȗba (genitive singular)
lubù (dual genitive)
lũbъ (genitive plural)
lȗbu (dative singular)
lubomà (dative dual)
lubòmъ (dative plural)
lȗbъ (accusative singular)
lȗba (accusative dual)
lȗby (accusative plural)
lȗbъmь (instrumental singular)
lȗbomь (instrumental singular)
lubomà (dual instrumental)
lubý (instrumental plural)
lȗbě (locative singular)
lubù (dual locative)
lubě̃xъ (locative plural)
lube (singular vocative)
lȗba (dual vocative)
lȗbi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: луб (lub)

Russian: луб (lub)

Ukrainian: луб (lub)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: луб (lub) (obsolete)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: луб

Latin script: lub

Slovene: lȗb (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: lub

Slovak: lub

Polish: łub (obsolete)

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: łub

Lower Sorbian: łub

From Proto-Indo-European *lowbʰ-ó-s, from *lewbʰ- (“to peel, cut off, harm”).
Cognate with Lithuanian lùpti (“to peel, to shell”), lúobas (“bast”), Latvian luba (“narrow strip of wood”), luobs (“peel”), Latin liber (“book, inner bark of a tree”), Proto-Germanic *laubą (“leaf”).


maslьko

màslьko (canonical neuter)
a (accent-paradigm)
màslьko (nominative singular)
màslьcě (dual nominative)
màslьka (nominative plural)
màslьka (genitive singular)
màslьku (dual genitive)
màslьkъ (genitive plural)
màslьku (dative singular)
màslьkoma (dative dual)
màslьkomъ (dative plural)
màslьko (accusative singular)
màslьcě (accusative dual)
màslьka (accusative plural)
màslьkъmь (instrumental singular)
màslьkomь (instrumental singular)
màslьkoma (dual instrumental)
màslьkȳ (instrumental plural)
màslьcě (locative singular)
màslьku (dual locative)
màslьcě̄xъ (locative plural)
màslьko (singular vocative)
màslьcě (dual vocative)
màslьka (plural vocative)

West Slavic:

Polabian: mosťĕ


pastuxъ

pastuxъ (nominative singular)
pastuxa (dual nominative)
pastuśi (nominative plural)
pastuxa (genitive singular)
pastuxu (dual genitive)
pastuxъ (genitive plural)
pastuxu (dative singular)
pastuxoma (dative dual)
pastuxomъ (dative plural)
pastuxъ (accusative singular)
pastuxa (accusative dual)
pastuxy (accusative plural)
pastuxъmь (instrumental singular)
pastuxomь (instrumental singular)
pastuxoma (dual instrumental)
pastuxy (instrumental plural)
pastuśě (locative singular)
pastuxu (dual locative)
pastuśěxъ (locative plural)
pastuše (singular vocative)
pastuxa (dual vocative)
pastuśi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: пастухъ (pastuxŭ)

desc

Old Ruthenian: пасту́хъ (pastúx), посту́хъ (postúx)

Belarusian: пасту́х (pastúx)

Ukrainian: пасту́х (pastúx)

Russian: пасту́х (pastúx)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: пастоухъ (pastuxŭ)

Bulgarian: пасту́х (pastúh) (dialectal, obsolete)

Macedonian: пастув (pastuv)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: па̏стӯх

Latin script: pȁstūh

Slovene: pastúh (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: pastuch (obsolete)

⇒ Czech: pastucha (obsolete)

Polish: pastuch

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: pastuch (obsolete)


kǫkoľь

kǫkoľь (nominative singular)
kǫkoľi (dual nominative)
kǫkoľьje (nominative plural)
kǫkoľi (genitive singular)
kǫkoľьju (dual genitive)
kǫkoľьjь (genitive plural)
kǫkoľi (dative singular)
kǫkoľьma (dative dual)
kǫkoľьmъ (dative plural)
kǫkoľь (accusative singular)
kǫkoľi (accusative dual)
kǫkoľi (accusative plural)
kǫkoľьmь (instrumental singular)
kǫkoľьma (dual instrumental)
kǫkoľьmi (instrumental plural)
kǫkoľi (locative singular)
kǫkoľьju (dual locative)
kǫkoľьxъ (locative plural)
kǫkoľi (singular vocative)
kǫkoľi (dual vocative)
kǫkoľьje (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: куколь (kukólʹ)

Russian: куколь (kukolʹ)

Ukrainian: кукíль (kukílʹ)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: къ́къл (kǎ́kǎl)

Serbo-Croatian:

Serbo-Croatian: ку́кољ

Serbo-Croatian: kúkolj

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: kọ́kolj, kọ́kalj (tonal orthography)

Rovte dialect (Črni vrh, Idrija): kȗəkl̥

West Slavic:

Czech: koukol

Polabian: kǫchǘöl

Polish: kąkol

Slovak: kúkoľ

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: kukel

Upper Sorbian: kukel

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: konkoly

Might be related or borrowed from Ancient Greek κογχύλη (konkhúlē, “mussel”) or Latin conchȳlium.
Sometimes associated with Lithuanian kañkalas (“bell”).


jьmenovati

jьmenovanьje (noun-from-verb)
jьmenovati (infinitive)
jьmenovatъ (supine)
jьmenovalъ (l-participle)
jьmenovavъ (active participle past)
jьmenuję (active participle present)
jьmenovaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
jьmenova (aorist second-person singular)
jьmenova (aorist singular third-person)
jьmenujǫ (first-person present singular)
jьmenuješi (present second-person singular)
jьmenujetь (present singular third-person)
jьmenovaxově (aorist dual first-person)
jьmenovasta (aorist dual second-person)
jьmenovaste (aorist dual third-person)
jьmenujevě (dual first-person present)
jьmenujeta (dual present second-person)
jьmenujete (dual present third-person)
jьmenovaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
jьmenovaste (aorist plural second-person)
jьmenovašę (aorist plural third-person)
jьmenujemъ (first-person plural present)
jьmenujete (plural present second-person)
jьmenujǫtь (plural present third-person)
jьmenovaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
jьmenovaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
jьmenovaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
jьmenuji (imperative second-person singular)
jьmenuji (imperative singular third-person)
jьmenovaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
jьmenovaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
jьmenovaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
jьmenujivě (dual first-person imperative)
jьmenujita (dual imperative second-person)
jьmenovaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
jьmenovaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
jьmenovaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
jьmenujimъ (first-person imperative plural)
jьmenujite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: именовати (imenovati)

desc

Old Ruthenian: именова́ти (imenováti), имѧнова́ти (imjanováti)

Ukrainian: іменува́ти (imenuváty)

Russian: именова́ть (imenovátʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: именовати (imenovati)

Bulgarian: имену́вам (imenúvam)

Macedonian: именува (imenuva)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: и̏меновати

Latin script: ȉmenovati

Slovene: imenováti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jmenovati

Czech: jmenovat

Polish: mianować

Old Slovak: imenovať, jmenovať, menovať

Pannonian Rusyn: меновац (menovac)

Slovak: menovať

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: mjenować

Lower Sorbian: mjenowaś


ědlo

ědlo (nominative singular)
ědlě (dual nominative)
ědla (nominative plural)
ědla (genitive singular)
ědlu (dual genitive)
ědlъ (genitive plural)
ědlu (dative singular)
ědloma (dative dual)
ědlomъ (dative plural)
ědlo (accusative singular)
ědlě (accusative dual)
ědla (accusative plural)
ědlъmь (instrumental singular)
ědlomь (instrumental singular)
ědloma (dual instrumental)
ědly (instrumental plural)
ědlě (locative singular)
ědlu (dual locative)
ědlěxъ (locative plural)
ědlo (singular vocative)
ědlě (dual vocative)
ědla (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: е́ло (jélo)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: я́ло (jálo), е́ло (élo) (obsolete, dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: је̏ло

Latin script: jȅlo

Slovene: jélo (obsolete)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jiedlo

Czech: jídlo

Bohemian (Chod dialect): jidlo

Polish: jadło

Slovak: jedlo

Slovincian: jodlô

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: jědło

→ Old Ruthenian: ѣдло (jědlo), идло (idlo)

Ukrainian: ї́дло́ (jídló) (dialectal)

From *ěd- + *-lo. Per Trubačev (ESSJa), perhaps inherited from Proto-Indo-European *h₁edlóm with potential cognate archaic Latin ellum (“spoonful”).


strybati

East Slavic:

⇒ Belarusian: стрыбуля́ць (strybuljácʹ, “bounce while walking”) (dialectal)

Russian: стриба́ть (stribátʹ, “to flash (about the lightning)”) (dialectal)

⇒ Russian: стрыбый (strybyj, “rapid, quick”)

Ukrainian: стриба́ти (strybáty, “to jump”)

From not independently attested *strybъ (but cf. Ukrainian Стриб (Stryb, hydronym), Russian стрыбый (strybyj, “rapid, quick”) matching Lithuanian sraujùs (“rapid”) et al.) from *stry-, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *srū-, from Proto-Indo-European *srew- (“to flow, stream”) + *-ati.
Original meaning was “to flow, run”. The modern meanings of Ukrainian стрибати (strybaty, “to jump”) is late and can be explained by figurative meaning “to flow quickly over a stone; run chaotically” which suggests a shift in meaning from horizontal to vertical movement. Cf. also Latvian diet (“to run, dance, jump”), Sanskrit प्रवते (pravate, “to undulate, jump”).

cog

(original) to flow, run
→ to move quickly


Strybogъ

Strybogъ (nominative singular)
Stryboga (genitive singular)
Strybogu (dative singular)
Strybogъ (accusative singular)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: Стрибогъ (Stribogŭ) (see there for further descendants)

⇒ Old East Slavic: Стрибожь (Stribožĭ)

Russian: Стрибожь (Stribožʹ)

⇒ Ukrainian: Стрибоже (Strybože) (hydronym), Стрибожская (Strybožskaja) (hydronym), Стрибож (Strybož) (econym)

West Slavic:

⇒ Polish: Strzyboga (econym)

⇒? Polish:

→? Latin: Striboc (learned)

⇒? Old Polabian: [Term?] (hydronym)

→? Latin: Striboz (learned)

Non-Slavic:

→ German: Stribog (learned)

→ English: Stribog (learned)

→ French: Stribog (learned)

→ Japanese: ストリボーグ (learned)

From *strybъ from *stry-, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *srū-, from Proto-Indo-European *srew- (“to flow, stream”) + *-ogъ. For the structure compare *Sъvarogъ.
Old East Slavic Стрибогъ (Stribogŭ) instead of expected **Стрыбогъ can be explained by mixing i and y attested for southern Old East Slavic texts since 11ᵗʰ cent. which is explained as South Slavic influence, cf. Ukrainian Стрий (Stryj) : Стрый (Stryj), Стрына (Stryna) : Стрина (Stryna).
The theonym is also often reconstructed as *Stribogъ, from *stьri (“to extend, spread”) + *bogъ, for the structure compare *Daďьbogъ. This etymology is possible, but unlikely due to the uniqueness of the etymology of *Daďьbogъ, which has its origin in a wish-formula (see *daďь bože).

(Slavic mythology) Stribog (Slavic god of the water or river)


Xъrsъ

Xъrsъ (nominative singular)
Xъrsъ (accusative singular)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: Хърсъ (Xŭrsŭ) (see there for further descendants)

South Slavic:

⇒ Old Bulgarian: Хръсъ (Hrǎs, proper noun)

desc

⇒ Bulgarian: Хърсово (Hǎrsovo, toponyms)

⇒ Old Serbian: Хьрсь (proper noun)

⇒ Serbian: Hrs (proper noun)

West Slavic:

⇒? Old Czech: Chorúš (proper noun)

⇒ Old Polish: *Kars (proper noun), *Chars

⇒ Old Polish: Karsy (toponym)

Non-Slavic:

→ German: Chors (learned)

→ English: Khors, Hors, Xors (learned)

→ French: Khors (learned)

→ Japanese: ホルス (learned)

From earlier *Kъrsъ, nominalization of *kъrsъ (“shrunken, thin”). For alternation between *x and *k cf. Ukrainian хохо́л (xoxól) : Slovak kochol (from Proto-Slavic *xoxolъ from earlier *koxolъ), Russian хлопоты (xlopoty) : Polish kłopot, Kashubian kłopot : chłopot (from Proto-Slavic *klopotъ), also Polish cholebać : kolebać, chełzać : kiełzać.
For Slavic semantics compare Old Czech vetech, Polish wietek, wiotek (dialectal), Russian ве́тох (vétox), all meaning “waning moon”, from Proto-Slavic *vetъxъ (“old”).
For non-Slavic semantics compare Hittite [script needed] (Arma, “god of the Moon”), from 𒌚 (arma-, “moon, month”), possibly from 𒅕𒈠𒀭 (erman-, “sickness; to decline”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁erm-o-s, from *h₁erm- (“ill, poor”).
However other etymologies are proposed, as there is no sureness behind Khors' original function. The Iranian etymology of the theonym is proposed, probably from a descendant of Proto-Iranian *huHarxšaytah (“radiant Sun”), cf. Iranian Persian خورشید (xoršīd) or Ossetian хор (xor, “sun”). Mikhail Vasil'yev stated that the name could not have been borrowed from Middle Persian, but from Sarmatian or Alan peoples in the first millennium BC (so-called Iranian inversion). Some scholars who agree with Iranian etymology therefore usually interpret Khors as a solar deity.. However, scholars like Vasmer, Toporov and Beskov criticize this theory, as some phonetic and historic problems concerning this borrowing arise.


pьjavъka

pьjavъka (nominative singular)
pьjavъcě (dual nominative)
pьjavъky (nominative plural)
pьjavъky (genitive singular)
pьjavъku (dual genitive)
pьjavъkъ (genitive plural)
pьjavъcě (dative singular)
pьjavъkama (dative dual)
pьjavъkamъ (dative plural)
pьjavъkǫ (accusative singular)
pьjavъcě (accusative dual)
pьjavъky (accusative plural)
pьjavъkojǫ (instrumental singular)
pьjavъkǫ (instrumental singular)
pьjavъkama (dual instrumental)
pьjavъkami (instrumental plural)
pьjavъcě (locative singular)
pьjavъku (dual locative)
pьjavъkasъ (locative plural)
pьjavъkaxъ (locative plural)
pьjavъko (singular vocative)
pьjavъcě (dual vocative)
pьjavъky (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Belarusian: п'я́ўка (pʺjáŭka), пья́ўка (pʹjáŭka), пля́ўка (pljáŭka)

Russian: пья́вка (pʹjávka), пия́вка (pijávka)

Ukrainian: п'я́вка (pʺjávka), пля́вка (pljávka)

Carpathian Rusyn: пявка (pjavka)

South Slavic:

Slovene: pijȃvka (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: pijavka

Slovak: pijavka

Polish: pijawka


gornostajь

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: гороностаи (goronostai)

Russian: горноста́й (gornostáj)

Ukrainian: горноста́й (hornostáj)

South Slavic:

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: gránosǝlj, gránozǝlj (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: hranostaj

Polish: gronostaj, gronostal

Slovak: hranostaj


kъrsъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *kъrsъ (hard)

Definite declension of *kъrsъ (hard)

kъrsъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
kъrsa (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
kъrso (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
kъrsa (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
kъrsy (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
kъrsa (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
kъrsu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
kъrsě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
kъrsu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
kъrsъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
kъrsǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
kъrso (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
kъrsomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
kъrsojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
kъrsomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
kъrsě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
kъrsě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
kъrsě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
kъrse (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
kъrso (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
kъrso (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
kъrsa (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
kъrsě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
kъrsě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
kъrsu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
kъrsu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
kъrsu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
kъrsoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
kъrsama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
kъrsoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
kъrsa (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
kъrsě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
kъrsě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
kъrsoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
kъrsama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
kъrsoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
kъrsu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
kъrsu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
kъrsu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
kъrsa (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
kъrsě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
kъrsě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
kъrsi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
kъrsy (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
kъrsa (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
kъrsъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
kъrsъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
kъrsъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
kъrsomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
kъrsamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
kъrsomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
kъrsy (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
kъrsy (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
kъrsa (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
kъrsy (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
kъrsami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
kъrsy (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
kъrsěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
kъrsaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
kъrsěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
kъrsi (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
kъrsy (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
kъrsa (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
kъrsъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
kъrsaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
kъrsoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
kъrsajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
kъrsyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
kъrsajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
kъrsujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
kъrsěji (dative definite feminine singular)
kъrsujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
kъrsъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
kъrsǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
kъrsoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
kъrsyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
kъrsǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
kъrsyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
kъrsějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
kъrsěji (definite feminine locative singular)
kъrsějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
kъrsъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
kъrsaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
kъrsoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
kъrsaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
kъrsěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
kъrsěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
kъrsuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
kъrsuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
kъrsuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
kъrsyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
kъrsyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
kъrsyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
kъrsaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
kъrsěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
kъrsěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
kъrsyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
kъrsyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
kъrsyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
kъrsuju (definite dual locative masculine)
kъrsuju (definite dual feminine locative)
kъrsuju (definite dual locative neuter)
kъrsaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
kъrsěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
kъrsěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
kъrsiji (definite masculine nominative plural)
kъrsyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
kъrsaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
kъrsъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
kъrsъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
kъrsъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
kъrsyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
kъrsyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
kъrsyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
kъrsyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
kъrsyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
kъrsaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
kъrsyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
kъrsyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
kъrsyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
kъrsyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
kъrsyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
kъrsyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
kъrsiji (definite masculine plural vocative)
kъrsyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
kъrsaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

⇒ Old East Slavic: корсокъ (korsokŭ)

West Slavic:

Czech: krs

⇒ Czech: krsati

⇒ Old Polish: przecharsły

⇒ Polish: przecharsła (dated, feminine nominative)

⇒ Polish: wycharsł (dated)

⇒ Polish: chaśny (dialectal, from *charśny)

⇒ Polish: chasznąć (verb) (dialectal, from *charsnąć)

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *kr̥ḱós (“thin, emaciated”). Cognates include Lithuanian kárńti (“to age”), Sanskrit कृश (kṛśa, “thin, lean”), Latin cracens (“slender”).


lišajь

lišajь (nominative singular)
lišaja (dual nominative)
lišaji (nominative plural)
lišaja (genitive singular)
lišaju (dual genitive)
lišajь (genitive plural)
lišaju (dative singular)
lišajema (dative dual)
lišajemъ (dative plural)
lišajь (accusative singular)
lišaja (accusative dual)
lišaję̇ (accusative plural)
lišajьmь (instrumental singular)
lišajemь (instrumental singular)
lišajema (dual instrumental)
lišaji (instrumental plural)
lišaji (locative singular)
lišaju (dual locative)
lišajixъ (locative plural)
lišaju (singular vocative)
lišaja (dual vocative)
lišaji (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: лиша́й (lišáj)

Ukrainian: лиша́й (lyšáj)

South Slavic:

Macedonian: лишај (lišaj)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ли̏ша̄ј

Latin script: lȉšāj

Slovene: lišȃj (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: lišej

Polish: liszaj

Slovak: lišaj

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: lišawa

Lower Sorbian: lišawa


ortajь

ortajь (nominative singular)
ortaja (dual nominative)
ortaji (nominative plural)
ortaja (genitive singular)
ortaju (dual genitive)
ortajь (genitive plural)
ortaju (dative singular)
ortajema (dative dual)
ortajemъ (dative plural)
ortajь (accusative singular)
ortaja (accusative dual)
ortaję̇ (accusative plural)
ortajьmь (instrumental singular)
ortajemь (instrumental singular)
ortajema (dual instrumental)
ortaji (instrumental plural)
ortaji (locative singular)
ortaju (dual locative)
ortajixъ (locative plural)
ortaju (singular vocative)
ortaja (dual vocative)
ortaji (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ратаи (ratai)

Russian: ра́тай (rátaj)

Ukrainian: рата́й (ratáj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: ратаи (ratai)

Bulgarian: ратай (rataj)

Macedonian: ратај (rataj) (archaic)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ра̏та̄р

Latin script: rȁtār

Slovene: rátaj (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: rataj, ratej

Polish: rataj

Slovak: rataj

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: rataj

Lower Sorbian: rataj

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *arˀtāˀjas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃- (“to plow”).


rǫkavъ

rǫkavъ (nominative singular)
rǫkava (dual nominative)
rǫkavi (nominative plural)
rǫkava (genitive singular)
rǫkavu (dual genitive)
rǫkavъ (genitive plural)
rǫkavu (dative singular)
rǫkavoma (dative dual)
rǫkavomъ (dative plural)
rǫkavъ (accusative singular)
rǫkava (accusative dual)
rǫkavy (accusative plural)
rǫkavъmь (instrumental singular)
rǫkavomь (instrumental singular)
rǫkavoma (dual instrumental)
rǫkavy (instrumental plural)
rǫkavě (locative singular)
rǫkavu (dual locative)
rǫkavěxъ (locative plural)
rǫkave (singular vocative)
rǫkava (dual vocative)
rǫkavi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: рѫкавъ (rǫkavŭ), рукавъ (rukavŭ)

Old Ruthenian: рука́въ (rukáv)

Belarusian: рука́ў (rukáŭ)

Ukrainian: рука́в (rukáv)

Russian: рука́в (rukáv)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: ръка́в (rǎkáv)

Macedonian: ракав (rakav)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ру̀ка̄в

Latin script: rùkāv

Slovene: rokáv (tonal orthography)

Rovte dialect (Črni vrh, Idrija): rḁkȃu

West Slavic:

Old Czech: rukáv

Czech: rukáv

Bohemian (Chod dialect): rukáv

Polabian: rǫkăv

Old Polish: rękaw

Polish: rękaw

Silesian: rynkŏw

Slovak: rukáv

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: rukaw

Lower Sorbian: rukaw


skotъ

skotъ (nominative singular)
skota (dual nominative)
skoti (nominative plural)
skota (genitive singular)
skotu (dual genitive)
skotъ (genitive plural)
skotu (dative singular)
skotoma (dative dual)
skotomъ (dative plural)
skotъ (accusative singular)
skota (accusative dual)
skoty (accusative plural)
skotъmь (instrumental singular)
skotomь (instrumental singular)
skotoma (dual instrumental)
skoty (instrumental plural)
skotě (locative singular)
skotu (dual locative)
skotěxъ (locative plural)
skote (singular vocative)
skota (dual vocative)
skoti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: скотъ (skotŭ)

Old Ruthenian: скотъ (skot)

Belarusian: скот (skot) (dialectal)

⇒ Belarusian: скоцíна (skócína)

Ukrainian: скот (skot)

Russian: скот (skot)

Old Novgorodian: скоте (skote)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: скотъ (skotŭ)

Bulgarian: скот (skot)

Macedonian: скот (skot)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ско̏т

Latin script: skȍt

Slovene: skòt (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: skuot, skót

Czech: skot

Polabian: sťöt

Old Polish: skot

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: skót

Lower Sorbian: skót

The exact etymological provenance is contested.
Possibly a Germanic loanword, from Proto-Germanic *skattaz (“cattle”).


sъrokъ

sъrokъ (nominative singular)
sъroka (dual nominative)
sъroci (nominative plural)
sъroka (genitive singular)
sъroku (dual genitive)
sъrokъ (genitive plural)
sъroku (dative singular)
sъrokoma (dative dual)
sъrokomъ (dative plural)
sъrokъ (accusative singular)
sъroka (accusative dual)
sъroky (accusative plural)
sъrokъmь (instrumental singular)
sъrokomь (instrumental singular)
sъrokoma (dual instrumental)
sъroky (instrumental plural)
sъrocě (locative singular)
sъroku (dual locative)
sъrocěxъ (locative plural)
sъroče (singular vocative)
sъroka (dual vocative)
sъroci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: сърокъ (sŭrokŭ)

Old Ruthenian: срокъ (srok), зрокъ (zrok)

Ukrainian: зрік (zrik)

Russian: срок (srok)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: сърокъ (sŭrokŭ)

Bulgarian: срок (srok)

Macedonian: срок (srok)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сро̑к

Latin script: srok

Slovene: sròk (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: srok

Slovak: srok

appointment, due date, timespan for which something is agreed upon


zavětъ

zavětъ (nominative singular)
zavěta (dual nominative)
zavěti (nominative plural)
zavěta (genitive singular)
zavětu (dual genitive)
zavětъ (genitive plural)
zavětu (dative singular)
zavětoma (dative dual)
zavětomъ (dative plural)
zavětъ (accusative singular)
zavěta (accusative dual)
zavěty (accusative plural)
zavětъmь (instrumental singular)
zavětomь (instrumental singular)
zavětoma (dual instrumental)
zavěty (instrumental plural)
zavětě (locative singular)
zavětu (dual locative)
zavětěxъ (locative plural)
zavěte (singular vocative)
zavěta (dual vocative)
zavěti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: за́вѣтъ (závětŭ)

Old Ruthenian: завѣтъ (zavět), заветъ (zavet)

Ukrainian: заві́т (zavít)

Russian: заве́т (zavét)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: завѣтъ (zavětŭ)

Bulgarian: завет (zavet)

Macedonian: завет (zavet)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: за́вет, за́вјет

Latin script: závet, závjet

West Slavic:

Czech: závěť

Old Polish: zawiat

Slovak: závet


vъplь

b (accent-paradigm)
vъ̀plь (nominative singular)
vъplà (dual nominative)
vъplì (nominative plural)
vъplà (genitive singular)
vъplù (dual genitive)
vъ̀plь (genitive plural)
vъplù (dative singular)
vъplèma (dative dual)
vъ̀plemъ (dative plural)
vъ̀plь (accusative singular)
vъplà (accusative dual)
vъplę̇̀ (accusative plural)
vъplь̀mь (instrumental singular)
vъplèmь (instrumental singular)
vъplèma (dual instrumental)
vъ̀pli (instrumental plural)
vъplì (locative singular)
vъplù (dual locative)
vъ̀plixъ (locative plural)
vъplu (singular vocative)
vъplà (dual vocative)
vъplì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: вопль (voplʹ)

Russian: вопль (voplʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: въпль (vŭplĭ)

Bulgarian: во̀пъл (vòpǎl)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: вапај

Related to *vъpiti, ultimately, from Proto-Indo-European *up-, from *wep-.


zadъ

zadъ (nominative singular)
zada (dual nominative)
zadi (nominative plural)
zada (genitive singular)
zadu (dual genitive)
zadъ (genitive plural)
zadu (dative singular)
zadoma (dative dual)
zadomъ (dative plural)
zadъ (accusative singular)
zada (accusative dual)
zady (accusative plural)
zadъmь (instrumental singular)
zadomь (instrumental singular)
zadoma (dual instrumental)
zady (instrumental plural)
zadě (locative singular)
zadu (dual locative)
zaděxъ (locative plural)
zade (singular vocative)
zada (dual vocative)
zadi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: задъ (zadŭ)

Old Ruthenian: задъ (zad)

Belarusian: зад (zad)

Ukrainian: зад (zad)

Russian: зад (zad)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: зади (zadi)

Bulgarian: зад (zad)

Macedonian: зад (zad)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: за̑д

Latin script: zȃd

West Slavic:

Czech: záda

Old Polish: zad

Polish: zad

Slovak: zad

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: zad

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰed-. Akin to Albanian dhjes (“to mess up”), Ancient Greek χέζω (khézō, “I defecate”), χόδᾰνος (khódanos, “buttocks”), Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬜𐬀𐬲 (haδaž, “anus”), 𐬰𐬀𐬛𐬀𐬵 (zadah, “rump”), Old Armenian ձետ (jet, “tail, penis”), Sanskrit हदति (hadati, “to evacuate, discharge excrement”). Also analyzable as *za + *-dъ.


kuprъ

kuprъ (nominative singular)
kupra (dual nominative)
kupri (nominative plural)
kupra (genitive singular)
kupru (dual genitive)
kuprъ (genitive plural)
kupru (dative singular)
kuproma (dative dual)
kupromъ (dative plural)
kuprъ (accusative singular)
kupra (accusative dual)
kupry (accusative plural)
kuprъmь (instrumental singular)
kupromь (instrumental singular)
kuproma (dual instrumental)
kupry (instrumental plural)
kuprě (locative singular)
kupru (dual locative)
kuprěxъ (locative plural)
kupre (singular vocative)
kupra (dual vocative)
kupri (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: ку́прь (kúprʹ)

Ukrainian: ку́пер (kúper); ку́пирь (kúpyrʹ), ку́пра (kúpra) (dialectal)

⇒ Old Ruthenian: ку́прыкъ (kúpryk)

Ukrainian: ку́прик (kúpryk)

Russian: купе́р (kupér), купр (kupr) (dialectal)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kupr

Old Polish: kupr

Polish: kuper

From Proto-Indo-European *keh₂wp-. Akin to Lithuanian kauprà, kuprà, Latvian kuprs and Old High German hovar.


šibenica

šibenica (nominative singular)
šibenici (dual nominative)
šibenicę̇ (nominative plural)
šibenicę̇ (genitive singular)
šibenicu (dual genitive)
šibenicь (genitive plural)
šibenici (dative singular)
šibenicama (dative dual)
šibenicamъ (dative plural)
šibenicǫ (accusative singular)
šibenici (accusative dual)
šibenicę̇ (accusative plural)
šibenicejǫ (instrumental singular)
šibenicǫ (instrumental singular)
šibenicama (dual instrumental)
šibenicami (instrumental plural)
šibenici (locative singular)
šibenicu (dual locative)
šibenicasъ (locative plural)
šibenicaxъ (locative plural)
šibenice (singular vocative)
šibenici (dual vocative)
šibenicę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: шибеница (šibenica)

Belarusian: шы́беніца (šýbjenica)

Ukrainian: ши́бениця (šýbenycja)

Russian: ши́беница (šíbenica)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: šibenicě

Czech: šibenice

desctree

Old Polish: szubienica
Polish: szubienica

Old Slovak: šibenica

Slovak: šibenica

Pomeranian:

desc

Kashubian: szëbnica, szëbienica, szëbiéńca

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: šуbjеńса

Upper Sorbian: šibjeńca

According to Vasmer, related to *šibati (“to whip”).


kokotъ

kokotъ (nominative singular)
kokota (dual nominative)
kokoti (nominative plural)
kokota (genitive singular)
kokotu (dual genitive)
kokotъ (genitive plural)
kokotu (dative singular)
kokotoma (dative dual)
kokotomъ (dative plural)
kokotъ (accusative singular)
kokota (accusative dual)
kokoty (accusative plural)
kokotъmь (instrumental singular)
kokotomь (instrumental singular)
kokotoma (dual instrumental)
kokoty (instrumental plural)
kokotě (locative singular)
kokotu (dual locative)
kokotěxъ (locative plural)
kokote (singular vocative)
kokota (dual vocative)
kokoti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: кокотъ (kokotŭ)

Russian: ко́кот (kókot)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: кокотъ (kokotŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ко̏ко̑т

Slovene: kokȏt (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: kohout

Polish: kogut

Slovak: kohút

According to Vasmer, of onomatopoeic origin. Compare Ancient Greek κακκάβη (kakkábē).


groxotъ

groxotъ (nominative singular)
groxota (dual nominative)
groxoti (nominative plural)
groxota (genitive singular)
groxotu (dual genitive)
groxotъ (genitive plural)
groxotu (dative singular)
groxotoma (dative dual)
groxotomъ (dative plural)
groxotъ (accusative singular)
groxota (accusative dual)
groxoty (accusative plural)
groxotъmь (instrumental singular)
groxotomь (instrumental singular)
groxotoma (dual instrumental)
groxoty (instrumental plural)
groxotě (locative singular)
groxotu (dual locative)
groxotěxъ (locative plural)
groxote (singular vocative)
groxota (dual vocative)
groxoti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: гро́хот (gróxot)

Ukrainian: гро́хiт (hróxit)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: грохотъ (groxotŭ)

Bulgarian: гро́хот (gróhot)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: гро̏хот

West Slavic:

Czech: hrochot (obsolete)

Polish: grochot

Compare Lithuanian grekšėti (“to creak”), Old High German krahhon (“to crash”), further Lithuanian girgždėti and Sanskrit गर्जति (gárjati, “to thunder”).
Some scholars, (Mladenov), argue for an onomatopoeic origin.


xoměkъ

xomě̀kъ (canonical masculine)
xoměkъ (nominative singular)
xoměka (dual nominative)
xoměci (nominative plural)
xoměka (genitive singular)
xoměku (dual genitive)
xoměkъ (genitive plural)
xoměku (dative singular)
xoměkoma (dative dual)
xoměkomъ (dative plural)
xoměkъ (accusative singular)
xoměka (accusative dual)
xoměky (accusative plural)
xoměkъmь (instrumental singular)
xoměkomь (instrumental singular)
xoměkoma (dual instrumental)
xoměky (instrumental plural)
xoměcě (locative singular)
xoměku (dual locative)
xoměcěxъ (locative plural)
xoměče (singular vocative)
xoměka (dual vocative)
xoměci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: хомѣ́къ (xomě́kŭ)
Old Ruthenian: хомѣ́къ (xomě́k)
Belarusian: хамя́к (xamják)
Ukrainian: хом'я́к (xomʺják); хомє́к (xomjék), хоми́к (xomýk), хомі́к (xomík), хомня́к (xomnják), хомля́к (xomlják), хомлє́к (xomljék), хома́ (xomá) (dialectal)
→ Old Polish: chomiek
Polish: chomik; chomiak, chómek, chómik (dialectal)
Russian: хомя́к (xomják)
→ Bulgarian: хо́мяк (hómjak)

West Slavic:

Czech: chumák, chumáč (dialectal)

Old Polish: chomyk (“mole”)

Old Slovak: chomáč

Slovak: chumáč


ženixъ

ženixъ (nominative singular)
ženixa (dual nominative)
ženiśi (nominative plural)
ženixa (genitive singular)
ženixu (dual genitive)
ženixъ (genitive plural)
ženixu (dative singular)
ženixoma (dative dual)
ženixomъ (dative plural)
ženixъ (accusative singular)
ženixa (accusative dual)
ženixy (accusative plural)
ženixъmь (instrumental singular)
ženixomь (instrumental singular)
ženixoma (dual instrumental)
ženixy (instrumental plural)
ženiśě (locative singular)
ženixu (dual locative)
ženiśěxъ (locative plural)
ženiše (singular vocative)
ženixa (dual vocative)
ženiśi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: женихъ (ženixŭ)

desc

Old Ruthenian: жени́хъ (ženíx), жони́хъ (žoníx)

Belarusian: жані́х (žaníx)

Ukrainian: жени́х (ženýx)

desctree

Russian: жени́х (ženíx)
→ Ingrian: senihka
→ Komi-Zyrian: жӧник (žöńik)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: женихъ (ženixŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰶⰵⱀⰺⱈⱏ (ženixŭ)

Bulgarian: женѝх (ženìh)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: жѐнӣх, же̏них

Latin script: žènih, žȅnīh

Slovene: žénih (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: ženich

Polish: żenich (dialectal)

Silesian: żynich

Slovak: ženích

From *ženiti (“to marry off”, from *žena) + *-xъ.

af

from <i class="Latn mention" lang="sla-pro">*žena</i>


kyšьka

kyšьka (nominative singular)
kyšьcě (dual nominative)
kyšьky (nominative plural)
kyšьky (genitive singular)
kyšьku (dual genitive)
kyšьkъ (genitive plural)
kyšьcě (dative singular)
kyšьkama (dative dual)
kyšьkamъ (dative plural)
kyšьkǫ (accusative singular)
kyšьcě (accusative dual)
kyšьky (accusative plural)
kyšьkojǫ (instrumental singular)
kyšьkǫ (instrumental singular)
kyšьkama (dual instrumental)
kyšьkami (instrumental plural)
kyšьcě (locative singular)
kyšьku (dual locative)
kyšьkasъ (locative plural)
kyšьkaxъ (locative plural)
kyšьko (singular vocative)
kyšьcě (dual vocative)
kyšьky (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old Ruthenian: ки́шка (kíška), ки́жка (kížka)

Belarusian: кі́шка (kíška)

Ukrainian: ки́шка (kýška)

Russian: кишка́ (kišká)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: кишька (kišĭka)

Glagolitic script: ⰽⰺⱎⱐⰽⰰ (kišĭka)

Bulgarian: ки́шка (kíška) (dialectal)

Slovene: kȋška

West Slavic:

Czech: kyska (dialectal)

Polabian: kóisа

→ Polabian: tʼai̯sə (“kidney”) (< *kyša)

Polish: kiszka

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewp- (“tuft, cluster, hair on the head”), related to Gothic 𐍃𐌺𐌿𐍆𐍄 (skuft, “hair of the head”), German Schopf (“tuft”), Albanian çup (“without tail, maimed”). Comparable to Proto-Indo-European *skub-, *skup-, *skupn- (“to curve, bow, vault”).
Compare Sanskrit कोष्ठ (koṣṭha, “entrails”).


skomiti

skomľenьje (noun-from-verb)
skomiti (infinitive)
skomitъ (supine)
skomilъ (l-participle)
skomľenъ (participle passive past)
skomimъ (participle passive present)
skomľь (active participle past)
skomę (active participle present)
skomixъ (aorist first-person singular)
skomi (aorist second-person singular)
skomi (aorist singular third-person)
skomľǫ (first-person present singular)
skomiši (present second-person singular)
skomitь (present singular third-person)
skomixově (aorist dual first-person)
skomista (aorist dual second-person)
skomiste (aorist dual third-person)
skomivě (dual first-person present)
skomita (dual present second-person)
skomite (dual present third-person)
skomixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
skomiste (aorist plural second-person)
skomišę (aorist plural third-person)
skomimъ (first-person plural present)
skomite (plural present second-person)
skomętь (plural present third-person)
skomľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
skomľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
skomľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
skomi (imperative second-person singular)
skomi (imperative singular third-person)
skomľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
skomľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
skomľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
skomivě (dual first-person imperative)
skomita (dual imperative second-person)
skomľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
skomľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
skomľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
skomimъ (first-person imperative plural)
skomite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: скоми́ть (skomítʹ) (dialectal)

⇒ Russian: ско́мнуть (skómnutʹ) (dialectal)

⇒ Ukrainian: скомта́ти (skomtáty) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Slovene: skométi (tonal orthography)

From *skom- + *-iti. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kem-, *(s)kom-.


sčemiti

sčemľenьje (noun-from-verb)
sčemiti (infinitive)
sčemitъ (supine)
sčemilъ (l-participle)
sčemľenъ (participle passive past)
sčemimъ (participle passive present)
sčemľь (active participle past)
sčemę (active participle present)
sčemixъ (aorist first-person singular)
sčemi (aorist second-person singular)
sčemi (aorist singular third-person)
sčemľǫ (first-person present singular)
sčemiši (present second-person singular)
sčemitь (present singular third-person)
sčemixově (aorist dual first-person)
sčemista (aorist dual second-person)
sčemiste (aorist dual third-person)
sčemivě (dual first-person present)
sčemita (dual present second-person)
sčemite (dual present third-person)
sčemixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
sčemiste (aorist plural second-person)
sčemišę (aorist plural third-person)
sčemimъ (first-person plural present)
sčemite (plural present second-person)
sčemętь (plural present third-person)
sčemľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
sčemľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
sčemľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
sčemi (imperative second-person singular)
sčemi (imperative singular third-person)
sčemľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
sčemľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
sčemľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
sčemivě (dual first-person imperative)
sčemita (dual imperative second-person)
sčemľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
sčemľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
sčemľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
sčemimъ (first-person imperative plural)
sčemite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: щемíць

Russian: щеми́ть (ščemítʹ)

Ukrainian: щеми́ти (ščemýty)

South Slavic:

Slovene: ščmíti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Polish: szczmić


xoměstorъ

xoměstorъ (nominative singular)
xoměstora (dual nominative)
xoměstori (nominative plural)
xoměstora (genitive singular)
xoměstoru (dual genitive)
xoměstorъ (genitive plural)
xoměstoru (dative singular)
xoměstoroma (dative dual)
xoměstoromъ (dative plural)
xoměstorъ (accusative singular)
xoměstora (accusative dual)
xoměstory (accusative plural)
xoměstorъmь (instrumental singular)
xoměstoromь (instrumental singular)
xoměstoroma (dual instrumental)
xoměstory (instrumental plural)
xoměstorě (locative singular)
xoměstoru (dual locative)
xoměstorěxъ (locative plural)
xoměstore (singular vocative)
xoměstora (dual vocative)
xoměstori (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: хомѣсторъ (xoměstorŭ)
→ Old Saxon: hamustra
→ Old High German: hamastra, hamustro
Middle High German: hamster
German: Hamster
→ Catalan: hàmster
→ English: hamster, hampster (obsolete)
→ Japanese: ハムスター (hamusutā)
→ Korean: 햄스터 (haemseuteo)
→ Scottish Gaelic: hamstair
→ Tagalog: hamster
→ Thai: แฮมสเตอร์ (hɛms-dtə̂ə)
→ Turkish: hamster
→ Danish: hamster
→ Dutch: hamster
→ Papiamentu: hamster
→ French: hamster
→ Luxembourgish: Hamster
→ Norwegian Bokmål: hamster
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: hamster
→ Portuguese: hamster
→ Romanian: hamster
→ Swedish: hamster

→ Lithuanian: kãmas (“rat”), stãras (“suslik”) (possibly)

→ Latvian: kāmis (“hamster”) (possibly)

Uncertain:
* Borrowed from Old Iranian or Scythian *hamaistar-, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)meyt- (“to throw”). Related to Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬨𐬀𐬉𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬭- (hamaēstar-, “who throws down; enemy”). For the meaning, compare Shor ырлақ (yrlak, “hamster”): ыр- (yr-, “to be hostile”).
* From a compound *xomě-storъ:
** Per Berneker, *-storъ is related to Lithuanian stãras (“suslik”).
** Per Brückner: *xom- is onomatopoeic, *-storъ is unclear. Related to Polish skomleć (“to howl, yelp”), Church Slavonic скомати (skomati, “sigh, groan”).
** Per Sławski, ESSJa: **xomě (“couple bags”) + *sterti (“to pour, sprinkle; to spread, extend, stretch out”) + *-ъ, literally “who pours (grain) into (both) bags”. Related to *skomiti (“squeeze, clench”) and *prostorъ.
** Per Chernykh: if not borrowing, Old East Slavic хомѣкъ (xoměkŭ) is related to *ščemiti / *ščьmiti, *oskomina, *xomǫtъ, *komъ, Ancient Greek χαμαίστρωτος (khamaístrōtos, “stretched on the ground”).
** Compare onomatopoeic hamster name: Serbo-Croatian hŕčak < *xъrčьkъ < *xъrčati, *xъrkati, Czech křeček, Old Czech křěč, Old Polish krzeczek, skrzeczek < *krečьkъ, *krečь < *krečati, *krekati.
** Compare onomatopoeic *kem- name: *komarъ (“mosquito”), *čьmeľь (“bumblebee”).
** See also *čęstъ: Lithuanian kim̃šti (“to stuff, fill”), *žęti, *skǫpъ.
* Per Ильинскій: from **xoměstati + *-orъ, from blend of **xomězati and *xomotati, from onomatopoeia. Related to Moravian chomtat (“eat greedily”), Russian ха́мкать (xámkatʹ, “to eat”).
* Per Мурьянов, Slavic and German are borrowed from Latin *chomestor, variant of comestor (“glutton”).

nc

χαμαίστρωτος

Oleg Trubachyov
ru:Черных, Павел Яковлевич


stoborъ

stoborъ (nominative singular)
stobora (dual nominative)
stobori (nominative plural)
stobora (genitive singular)
stoboru (dual genitive)
stoborъ (genitive plural)
stoboru (dative singular)
stoboroma (dative dual)
stoboromъ (dative plural)
stoborъ (accusative singular)
stobora (accusative dual)
stobory (accusative plural)
stoborъmь (instrumental singular)
stoboromь (instrumental singular)
stoboroma (dual instrumental)
stobory (instrumental plural)
stoborě (locative singular)
stoboru (dual locative)
stoborěxъ (locative plural)
stobore (singular vocative)
stobora (dual vocative)
stobori (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: стобор (stobor) (obsolete)

desc

>? Ukrainian: стовбур (stovbur, “tree trunk”)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: стоборъ (stoborŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱅⱁⰱⱁⱃⱏ (stoborŭ)

Bulgarian: стобо́р (stobór, “wooden fence”)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сто̏бо̑р

Slovene: stǝbǝ̀r (tonal orthography)

→ Hungarian: szobor

Suffixed + *-orъ from Proto-Balto-Slavic *stabas, from Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ-.


tǫžiti

tǫženьje (noun-from-verb)
tǫžiti (infinitive)
tǫžitъ (supine)
tǫžilъ (l-participle)
tǫženъ (participle passive past)
tǫžimъ (participle passive present)
tǫžь (active participle past)
tǫžę (active participle present)
tǫžixъ (aorist first-person singular)
tǫži (aorist second-person singular)
tǫži (aorist singular third-person)
tǫžǫ (first-person present singular)
tǫžiši (present second-person singular)
tǫžitь (present singular third-person)
tǫžixově (aorist dual first-person)
tǫžista (aorist dual second-person)
tǫžiste (aorist dual third-person)
tǫživě (dual first-person present)
tǫžita (dual present second-person)
tǫžite (dual present third-person)
tǫžixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
tǫžiste (aorist plural second-person)
tǫžišę (aorist plural third-person)
tǫžimъ (first-person plural present)
tǫžite (plural present second-person)
tǫžętь (plural present third-person)
tǫžaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
tǫžaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
tǫžaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
tǫži (imperative second-person singular)
tǫži (imperative singular third-person)
tǫžaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
tǫžaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
tǫžaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
tǫživě (dual first-person imperative)
tǫžita (dual imperative second-person)
tǫžaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
tǫžaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
tǫžaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
tǫžimъ (first-person imperative plural)
tǫžite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: ту́житься (túžitʹsja)

Ukrainian: -ту́жити (-túžyty)

West Slavic:

Czech: tužit

Polish: tężyć

Slovak: tužiť

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: tužić

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tangīˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *tongʰ-éye-ti, éye-causative of *tengʰ- (“to pull back, be heavy”). By surface analysis, *tǫgъ + *-iti. Doublet of *tęžiti, a Slavic construction.


tǫžiti

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: тужити (tužiti)

Old Ruthenian: тужити (tužiti), тужыти (tužyti)

Belarusian: ту́жыць (túžycʹ), ту́жіць (túžicʹ)

Ukrainian: тужи́ти (tužýty)

Russian: ту́жить (túžitʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: тѫжити (tǫžiti)

Glagolitic script: ⱅⱘⰶⰻⱅⰻ (tǫžiti)

Bulgarian: тъжа (tǎža)

Macedonian: тажи (taži)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ту́жити

Latin script: túžiti

Slovene: tožīti (tonal orthography)

Rovte dialect (Črni vrh, Idrija): tȗəšť

Lower Carniolan (Kostel dialect): ˈtọːžėt

West Slavic:

Old Czech: túžiti

Czech: toužit

Old Polish: tążyć

Slovak: túžiť

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: tužyś

Upper Sorbian: tužić

From *tǫga (“melancholy, sadness”) + *-ti.


ustьje

ustьje (nominative singular)
ustьji (dual nominative)
ustьja (nominative plural)
ustьja (genitive singular)
ustьju (dual genitive)
ustьjь (genitive plural)
ustьju (dative singular)
ustьjema (dative dual)
ustьjemъ (dative plural)
ustьje (accusative singular)
ustьji (accusative dual)
ustьja (accusative plural)
ustьjьmь (instrumental singular)
ustьjemь (instrumental singular)
ustьjema (dual instrumental)
ustьji (instrumental plural)
ustьji (locative singular)
ustьju (dual locative)
ustьjixъ (locative plural)
ustьje (singular vocative)
ustьji (dual vocative)
ustьja (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: устье (ustĭe)

Old Ruthenian: устье (ustʹje), вустье (vustʹje), устие (ustije)

Belarusian: ву́сце (vúscje), ву́сьці (vúsʹci), ву́сьця (vúsʹcja), ву́сьте (vúsʹtje)

Ukrainian: у́стя (ústja), ву́стя (vústja), ву́стє (vústje), у́стє (ústje), у́сця (úscja)

Russian: у́стье (ústʹje)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: у́стие (ústie)

Macedonian: устие (ustie)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: у̑шће

Latin script: ȗšće

Slovene: ūstje (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: ústie

Czech: ústí

Old Polish: huszcie, huście, uszcie, uście

Polish: ujście

Slovak: ústie


sъmetana

sъmetana (nominative singular)
sъmetaně (dual nominative)
sъmetany (nominative plural)
sъmetany (genitive singular)
sъmetanu (dual genitive)
sъmetanъ (genitive plural)
sъmetaně (dative singular)
sъmetanama (dative dual)
sъmetanamъ (dative plural)
sъmetanǫ (accusative singular)
sъmetaně (accusative dual)
sъmetany (accusative plural)
sъmetanojǫ (instrumental singular)
sъmetanǫ (instrumental singular)
sъmetanama (dual instrumental)
sъmetanami (instrumental plural)
sъmetaně (locative singular)
sъmetanu (dual locative)
sъmetanasъ (locative plural)
sъmetanaxъ (locative plural)
sъmetano (singular vocative)
sъmetaně (dual vocative)
sъmetany (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: смета́на (smetána)

Belarusian: смята́на (smjatána)

Carpathian Rusyn: смета́на (smetána)

Ukrainian: смета́на (smetána)

Russian: смета́на (smetána)

→ Armenian: սմետան (smetan)

→ English: smetana

→ Finnish: smetana

→ French: smitane

→ English: smitane

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: смета́на (smetána)

Serbo-Croatian: (dialectal)

Cyrillic script: сме̏тана

Latin script: smȅtana

Slovene: smẹ́tana (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: smetana

Czech: smetana

→ German: Schmetten

Kashubian: smiotana

Polabian: såmătonă

Old Polish: śmiatana, śmiotana

Polish: śmietana

Silesian: śmietōna

Slovak: smotana

Slovincian: smjatana

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: smjetana

Lower Sorbian: sḿetana

Non-Slavic

→ Middle Low German: smand (possibly)

→ German: Schmand, Schmant

→ Yiddish: שמאַנט (shmant)

→ Romanian: smântână

From *sъmetana (Etymology 2).
Forms with nasal infix (e.g. borrowed Romanian smântână) are probably due to confusion with *sъmęsti (“to commingle”).


sъmetana

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

feminine nominative/vocative singular of *sъmetanъ


pazurъ

pazurъ (nominative singular)
pazura (dual nominative)
pazuri (nominative plural)
pazura (genitive singular)
pazuru (dual genitive)
pazurъ (genitive plural)
pazuru (dative singular)
pazuroma (dative dual)
pazuromъ (dative plural)
pazurъ (accusative singular)
pazura (accusative dual)
pazury (accusative plural)
pazurъmь (instrumental singular)
pazuromь (instrumental singular)
pazuroma (dual instrumental)
pazury (instrumental plural)
pazurě (locative singular)
pazuru (dual locative)
pazurěxъ (locative plural)
pazure (singular vocative)
pazura (dual vocative)
pazuri (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: (dialectal) пазу́р (pazúr)

Russian: пазу́р (pazúr)

Carpathian Rusyn: пазур (pazur)

Ukrainian: па́зур (pázur)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: pazúr

Czech: pazour

Kashubian: pazura

Polish: pazur

Old Slovak: pazúr

Slovak: pazúr

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: pazora f

Lower Sorbian: pazora f


uroďajь

uroďajь (nominative singular)
uroďaja (dual nominative)
uroďaji (nominative plural)
uroďaja (genitive singular)
uroďaju (dual genitive)
uroďajь (genitive plural)
uroďaju (dative singular)
uroďajema (dative dual)
uroďajemъ (dative plural)
uroďajь (accusative singular)
uroďaja (accusative dual)
uroďaję̇ (accusative plural)
uroďajьmь (instrumental singular)
uroďajemь (instrumental singular)
uroďajema (dual instrumental)
uroďaji (instrumental plural)
uroďaji (locative singular)
uroďaju (dual locative)
uroďajixъ (locative plural)
uroďaju (singular vocative)
uroďaja (dual vocative)
uroďaji (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old Ruthenian: урожа́й (urožáj), врожа́й (vrožáj)

Belarusian: ураджа́й (uradžáj), ўраджа́й (ŭradžáj)

Ukrainian: урожа́й (urožáj), врожа́й (vrožáj); уроджа́й (urodžáj) (dialectal)

Russian: урожа́й (urožáj)

→ Bulgarian: урожа́й (urožáj)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: урожда́й (uroždáj) (obsolete)

West Slavic:

Polish: urodzaj


konьčьnъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *konьčьnъ (hard)

Definite declension of *konьčьnъ (hard)

konьčьnъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
konьčьna (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
konьčьno (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
konьčьna (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
konьčьny (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
konьčьna (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
konьčьnu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
konьčьně (dative feminine indefinite singular)
konьčьnu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
konьčьnъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
konьčьnǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
konьčьno (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
konьčьnomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
konьčьnojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
konьčьnomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
konьčьně (indefinite locative masculine singular)
konьčьně (feminine indefinite locative singular)
konьčьně (indefinite locative neuter singular)
konьčьne (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
konьčьno (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
konьčьno (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
konьčьna (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
konьčьně (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
konьčьně (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
konьčьnu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
konьčьnu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
konьčьnu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
konьčьnoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
konьčьnama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
konьčьnoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
konьčьna (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
konьčьně (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
konьčьně (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
konьčьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
konьčьnama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
konьčьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
konьčьnu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
konьčьnu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
konьčьnu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
konьčьna (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
konьčьně (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
konьčьně (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
konьčьni (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
konьčьny (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
konьčьna (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
konьčьnъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
konьčьnъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
konьčьnъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
konьčьnomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
konьčьnamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
konьčьnomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
konьčьny (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
konьčьny (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
konьčьna (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
konьčьny (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
konьčьnami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
konьčьny (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
konьčьněxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
konьčьnaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
konьčьněxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
konьčьni (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
konьčьny (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
konьčьna (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
konьčьnъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
konьčьnaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
konьčьnoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
konьčьnajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
konьčьnyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
konьčьnajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
konьčьnujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
konьčьněji (dative definite feminine singular)
konьčьnujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
konьčьnъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
konьčьnǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
konьčьnoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
konьčьnyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
konьčьnǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
konьčьnyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
konьčьnějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
konьčьněji (definite feminine locative singular)
konьčьnějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
konьčьnъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
konьčьnaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
konьčьnoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
konьčьnaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
konьčьněji (definite dual feminine nominative)
konьčьněji (definite dual neuter nominative)
konьčьnuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
konьčьnuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
konьčьnuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
konьčьnyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
konьčьnyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
konьčьnyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
konьčьnaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
konьčьněji (accusative definite dual feminine)
konьčьněji (accusative definite dual neuter)
konьčьnyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
konьčьnyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
konьčьnyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
konьčьnuju (definite dual locative masculine)
konьčьnuju (definite dual feminine locative)
konьčьnuju (definite dual locative neuter)
konьčьnaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
konьčьněji (definite dual feminine vocative)
konьčьněji (definite dual neuter vocative)
konьčьniji (definite masculine nominative plural)
konьčьnyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
konьčьnaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
konьčьnъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
konьčьnъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
konьčьnъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
konьčьnyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
konьčьnyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
konьčьnyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
konьčьnyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
konьčьnyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
konьčьnaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
konьčьnyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
konьčьnyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
konьčьnyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
konьčьnyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
konьčьnyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
konьčьnyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
konьčьniji (definite masculine plural vocative)
konьčьnyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
konьčьnaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: коньчьнꙑи (konĭčĭnyi)

Old Ruthenian: коне́чный (konéčnyj)

Belarusian: кане́чны (kanjéčny)

Ukrainian: коне́чний (konéčnyj)

desc

Russian: коне́чный (konéčnyj), ко́нченый (kónčenyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: коньчьнъ (konĭčĭnŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰽⱁⱀⱐⱍⱐⱀⱏ (konĭčĭnŭ)

Macedonian: конечен (konečen)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ко̀начан

Latin script: kònačan

Slovene: kónčen (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: kònieczny

Old Czech: konečný

Czech: konečný

desctree

Old Polish: konieczny
Polish: konieczny
Silesian: kōnieczny

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: kónčny

Lower Sorbian: kóńcny

be:Аляксандр Мікалаевіч Булыка


pǫtьnikъ

pǫtьnikъ (nominative singular)
pǫtьnika (dual nominative)
pǫtьnici (nominative plural)
pǫtьnika (genitive singular)
pǫtьniku (dual genitive)
pǫtьnikъ (genitive plural)
pǫtьniku (dative singular)
pǫtьnikoma (dative dual)
pǫtьnikomъ (dative plural)
pǫtьnikъ (accusative singular)
pǫtьnika (accusative dual)
pǫtьniky (accusative plural)
pǫtьnikъmь (instrumental singular)
pǫtьnikomь (instrumental singular)
pǫtьnikoma (dual instrumental)
pǫtьniky (instrumental plural)
pǫtьnicě (locative singular)
pǫtьniku (dual locative)
pǫtьnicěxъ (locative plural)
pǫtьniče (singular vocative)
pǫtьnika (dual vocative)
pǫtьnici (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: путникъ (putnikŭ)

Old Ruthenian: пу́тникъ (pútnik)

Ukrainian: пу́тник (pútnyk)

Russian: пу́тник (pútnik)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

desc

Old Cyrillic script: пѫтьникъ (pǫtĭnikŭ)

Bulgarian: пъ́тник (pǎ́tnik)

Macedonian: патник (patnik)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пу̑тнӣк

Latin script: pȗtnīk

Slovene: pǫ̑tnik (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: poutník

Old Polish: pątnik

Polish: pątnik (literary)

Silesian: pōntnik

Slovak: pútnik


podъkova

podъkova (nominative singular)
podъkově (dual nominative)
podъkovy (nominative plural)
podъkovy (genitive singular)
podъkovu (dual genitive)
podъkovъ (genitive plural)
podъkově (dative singular)
podъkovama (dative dual)
podъkovamъ (dative plural)
podъkovǫ (accusative singular)
podъkově (accusative dual)
podъkovy (accusative plural)
podъkovojǫ (instrumental singular)
podъkovǫ (instrumental singular)
podъkovama (dual instrumental)
podъkovami (instrumental plural)
podъkově (locative singular)
podъkovu (dual locative)
podъkovasъ (locative plural)
podъkovaxъ (locative plural)
podъkovo (singular vocative)
podъkově (dual vocative)
podъkovy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: падко́ва (padkóva)

Russian: подко́ва (podkóva)

Ukrainian: підко́ва (pidkóva)

Carpathian Rusyn: підкова (pidkova)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: подко́ва (podkóva)

⇒ Macedonian: потковица (potkovica)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: по̀ткова

Latin script: pòtkova

Slovene: pódkəv (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: podkova

Kashubian: pòdkòwa

Polish: podkowa

Slovak: podkova

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: podkowa

Upper Sorbian: podkowa

Non-Slavic:

→ Albanian: potkua

→ Romanian: potcoavă


bъči

bъči (nominative singular)
bъčьvi (dual nominative)
bъčьvi (nominative plural)
bъčьve (genitive singular)
bъčьvu (dual genitive)
bъčьvъ (genitive plural)
bъčьvi (dative singular)
bъčьvьma (dative dual)
bъčьvama (dative dual)
bъčьvьmъ (dative plural)
bъčьvamъ (dative plural)
bъčьvь (accusative singular)
bъčьvi (accusative dual)
bъčьvi (accusative plural)
bъčьvьjǫ (instrumental singular)
bъčьvľǫ (instrumental singular)
bъčьvьma (dual instrumental)
bъčьvama (dual instrumental)
bъčьvьmi (instrumental plural)
bъčьvami (instrumental plural)
bъčьve (locative singular)
bъčьvu (dual locative)
bъčьvьxъ (locative plural)
bъčьvaxъ (locative plural)
bъči (singular vocative)
bъčьvi (dual vocative)
bъčьvi (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic: бъчьвь (bŭčĭvĭ) (Russian recension)

Bulgarian: бъ́чва (bǎ́čva), (dialectal) бъ́чева (bǎ́čeva), бо́чва (bóčva)

Macedonian: бочва (bočva)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ба̏чва

Latin script: bȁčva

Slovene: bəčvà (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: Bečva (proper noun)

Czech: bečva (dialectal)

Slovak: bečva (dialectal)

Non-Slavic:

→ Old Hungarian: bocs

→ Finnish: putsu, putsi

Borrowed from Proto-West Germanic *buttjā (“cask, flask”), from Medieval Latin buttia, from Late Latin buttis (“cask, barrel”).
Pan-Slavic range of the word evidenced by derived terms.

bor+

wooden barrel (round (cylindrical) vessel, of greater length than breadth, and bulging in the middle, made of staves bound with hoops, and having flat ends)


bъčьka

bъčьka (nominative singular)
bъčьcě (dual nominative)
bъčьky (nominative plural)
bъčьky (genitive singular)
bъčьku (dual genitive)
bъčьkъ (genitive plural)
bъčьcě (dative singular)
bъčьkama (dative dual)
bъčьkamъ (dative plural)
bъčьkǫ (accusative singular)
bъčьcě (accusative dual)
bъčьky (accusative plural)
bъčьkojǫ (instrumental singular)
bъčьkǫ (instrumental singular)
bъčьkama (dual instrumental)
bъčьkami (instrumental plural)
bъčьcě (locative singular)
bъčьku (dual locative)
bъčьkasъ (locative plural)
bъčьkaxъ (locative plural)
bъčьko (singular vocative)
bъčьcě (dual vocative)
bъčьky (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: бо́чка (bóčka)

Belarusian: бо́чка (bóčka)

Ukrainian: бо́чка (bóčka)

Russian: бо́чка (bóčka)

→ Armenian: բոչկա (bočʻka)

→ English: bochka

→ Kurdish:

Central Kurdish: بۆشکە (boşke)

→ Kyrgyz: бочка (bocka)

→ Persian: بشکه (boške)

→ Tajik: бочка (bočka)

→ Ubykh: baʃkʼʲa

→ Yakut: буочука (buocuka)

Old Novgorodian: бъчька (bŭčĭka)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Russian Church Slavonic: бъчька (bŭčĭka)

Slovene: bǝčkà (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: bečka

desctree

Old Polish: beczka
Polish: beczka
Silesian: beczka

Slovak: bočka

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: beczka


storža

storža (nominative singular)
storži (dual nominative)
storžę̇ (nominative plural)
storžę̇ (genitive singular)
storžu (dual genitive)
storžь (genitive plural)
storži (dative singular)
storžama (dative dual)
storžamъ (dative plural)
storžǫ (accusative singular)
storži (accusative dual)
storžę̇ (accusative plural)
storžejǫ (instrumental singular)
storžǫ (instrumental singular)
storžama (dual instrumental)
storžami (instrumental plural)
storži (locative singular)
storžu (dual locative)
storžasъ (locative plural)
storžaxъ (locative plural)
storže (singular vocative)
storži (dual vocative)
storžę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: сторожа (storoža)

desc

Old Ruthenian: сторо́жа (storóža), старо́жа (staróža)

Ukrainian: сторо́жа (storóža)

Russian: сторо́жа (storóža) (obsolete)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: стража (straža)

Bulgarian: стража (straža)

Macedonian: стража (straža)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: стра̑жа

Latin script: strȃža

Slovene: stráža (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: strážě

Czech: stráž

→ Polish: straż

Kashubian: starża

Old Polish: stróża

Slovak: stráž

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *sterg-.


něgati

a (accent-paradigm)
něganьje (noun-from-verb)
něgati (infinitive)
něgatъ (supine)
něgalъ (l-participle)
a (accent-paradigm)
něganъ (participle passive past)
něgajemъ (participle passive present)
něgavъ (active participle past)
něgaję (active participle present)
a (accent-paradigm)
něgaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
něga (aorist second-person singular)
něga (aorist singular third-person)
něgajǫ (first-person present singular)
něgaješi (present second-person singular)
něgajetь (present singular third-person)
něgaxově (aorist dual first-person)
něgasta (aorist dual second-person)
něgaste (aorist dual third-person)
něgajevě (dual first-person present)
něgajeta (dual present second-person)
něgajete (dual present third-person)
něgaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
něgaste (aorist plural second-person)
něgašę (aorist plural third-person)
něgajemъ (first-person plural present)
něgajete (plural present second-person)
něgajǫtь (plural present third-person)
něgaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
něgaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
něgaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
něgaji (imperative second-person singular)
něgaji (imperative singular third-person)
něgaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
něgaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
něgaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
něgajivě (dual first-person imperative)
něgajita (dual imperative second-person)
něgaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
něgaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
něgaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
něgajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
něgajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: не́гать (négatʹ) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: ńegati (dated, rare)

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *neygʷ- (“to wash”). Cognates include Ancient Greek νίζω (nízō, “to wash; to cleanse”), Latvian naigât (“to feel the need; to yearn for”).


zořa

zořà (canonical feminine)
zořa (nominative singular)
zoři (dual nominative)
zořę̇ (nominative plural)
zořę̇ (genitive singular)
zořu (dual genitive)
zořь (genitive plural)
zoři (dative singular)
zořama (dative dual)
zořamъ (dative plural)
zořǫ (accusative singular)
zoři (accusative dual)
zořę̇ (accusative plural)
zořejǫ (instrumental singular)
zořǫ (instrumental singular)
zořama (dual instrumental)
zořami (instrumental plural)
zoři (locative singular)
zořu (dual locative)
zořasъ (locative plural)
zořaxъ (locative plural)
zoře (singular vocative)
zoři (dual vocative)
zořę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: заря́ (zarjá), зоря́ (zorjá)

Ukrainian: за́ря (zárja), зоря́ (zorjá)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

desc

Old Cyrillic script: зарꙗ (zarja), зорꙗ (zorja)

Bulgarian: заря́ (zarjá), зора́ (zorá)

Macedonian: зора (zora)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: зо̀ра

Latin script: zòra

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: zárja, zóra (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: zora, záře

Old Polish: zarza, zorza

Polish: zorza

Old Slovak: zora, žiara

Pannonian Rusyn: заря (zarja)

Slovak: zora, žiara

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: zoŕa

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰerh₁-. Akin to Lithuanian žarijà, žėrė́ti and Old Prussian sari.


zьrcadlo

zьrcadlo (nominative singular)
zьrcadlě (dual nominative)
zьrcadla (nominative plural)
zьrcadla (genitive singular)
zьrcadlu (dual genitive)
zьrcadlъ (genitive plural)
zьrcadlu (dative singular)
zьrcadloma (dative dual)
zьrcadlomъ (dative plural)
zьrcadlo (accusative singular)
zьrcadlě (accusative dual)
zьrcadla (accusative plural)
zьrcadlъmь (instrumental singular)
zьrcadlomь (instrumental singular)
zьrcadloma (dual instrumental)
zьrcadly (instrumental plural)
zьrcadlě (locative singular)
zьrcadlu (dual locative)
zьrcadlěxъ (locative plural)
zьrcadlo (singular vocative)
zьrcadlě (dual vocative)
zьrcadla (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: зе́ркало (zérkalo)

Ukrainian: дзе́ркало (dzérkalo)

desc

Russian: зерца́ло (zercálo) (dated, poetic), зе́ркало (zérkalo)

→ Karelian: zirkalo

→ Kildin Sami: зе̄ркал (zierkal)

→ Yakut: сиэркилэ (sierkile)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: зрьцало (zrĭcalo)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: зр̀цало

Latin script: zr̀calo

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: zrcálo, zrkálo, zŕkalo (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: zrcadlo
Czech: zrcadlo

Polabian: zarḱódlü

desc

Old Polish: wierciadło, źwierciadło, źwierzciadło, źwirciadło

Polish: zwierciadło (literary, poetic)

Slovak: zrkadlo

From *zьrkati + *-dlo, a calque of Latin speculum.


grotъ

grotъ (nominative singular)
grota (dual nominative)
groti (nominative plural)
grota (genitive singular)
grotu (dual genitive)
grotъ (genitive plural)
grotu (dative singular)
grotoma (dative dual)
grotomъ (dative plural)
grotъ (accusative singular)
grota (accusative dual)
groty (accusative plural)
grotъmь (instrumental singular)
grotomь (instrumental singular)
grotoma (dual instrumental)
groty (instrumental plural)
grotě (locative singular)
grotu (dual locative)
grotěxъ (locative plural)
grote (singular vocative)
grota (dual vocative)
groti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: грот (grot) (obsolete)

West Slavic:

Czech: hrot

Old Polish: grot

Polish: grot

Slovak: hrot

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁-. Akin to German Grat (“ridge, edge”), Gräte (“fishbone”) and Old High German grāt.


načędlo

načędlo (nominative singular)
načędlě (dual nominative)
načędla (nominative plural)
načędla (genitive singular)
načędlu (dual genitive)
načędlъ (genitive plural)
načędlu (dative singular)
načędloma (dative dual)
načędlomъ (dative plural)
načędlo (accusative singular)
načędlě (accusative dual)
načędla (accusative plural)
načędlъmь (instrumental singular)
načędlomь (instrumental singular)
načędloma (dual instrumental)
načędly (instrumental plural)
načędlě (locative singular)
načędlu (dual locative)
načędlěxъ (locative plural)
načędlo (singular vocative)
načędlě (dual vocative)
načędla (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: начѧло

Glagolitic script: ⱀⰰⱍⱔⰾⱁ (načęlo)

Macedonian: начело (načelo)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: наче́ло

Latin script: načélo

Slovene: načélo (tonal orthography)


smъrčьkъ

smъrčьkъ (nominative singular)
smъrčьka (dual nominative)
smъrčьci (nominative plural)
smъrčьka (genitive singular)
smъrčьku (dual genitive)
smъrčьkъ (genitive plural)
smъrčьku (dative singular)
smъrčьkoma (dative dual)
smъrčьkomъ (dative plural)
smъrčьkъ (accusative singular)
smъrčьka (accusative dual)
smъrčьky (accusative plural)
smъrčьkъmь (instrumental singular)
smъrčьkomь (instrumental singular)
smъrčьkoma (dual instrumental)
smъrčьky (instrumental plural)
smъrčьcě (locative singular)
smъrčьku (dual locative)
smъrčьcěxъ (locative plural)
smъrčьče (singular vocative)
smъrčьka (dual vocative)
smъrčьci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: смарчок (smarčók)

Russian: сморчо́к (smorčók)

Ukrainian: змо́ршок (zmóršok)

South Slavic:

Macedonian: смрчак (smrčak)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: смр́чак

Latin script: smŕčak

Slovene: smȓčək (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: smrček

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: szömörcsög


galǫzь

galǫzь (nominative singular)
galǫzi (dual nominative)
galǫzi (nominative plural)
galǫzi (genitive singular)
galǫzьju (dual genitive)
galǫzьjь (genitive plural)
galǫzi (dative singular)
galǫzьma (dative dual)
galǫzьmъ (dative plural)
galǫzь (accusative singular)
galǫzi (accusative dual)
galǫzi (accusative plural)
galǫzьjǫ (instrumental singular)
galǫzьma (dual instrumental)
galǫzьmi (instrumental plural)
galǫzi (locative singular)
galǫzьju (dual locative)
galǫzьxъ (locative plural)
galǫzi (singular vocative)
galǫzi (dual vocative)
galǫzi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: галу́за (galúza), га́лызь (gályzʹ)

Ukrainian: га́лузь (háluzʹ), галу́за (halúza)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: haluz, haluzě

Czech: haluz, haluze

Old Polish: gałąź

Polish: gałąź

Slovak: haluz

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: gałuz

Upper Sorbian: hałuza

Possibly from *galъ (“barren”) + *-ǫzь (cf. dial. Russian га́лый (gályj, “arid, desolate”)), from Proto-Indo-European *gelH-. Akin to Old Armenian կողր (kołr).


studenьcь

studenьcь (nominative singular)
studenьca (dual nominative)
studenьci (nominative plural)
studenьca (genitive singular)
studenьcu (dual genitive)
studenьcь (genitive plural)
studenьcu (dative singular)
studenьcema (dative dual)
studenьcemъ (dative plural)
studenьcь (accusative singular)
studenьca (accusative dual)
studenьcę̇ (accusative plural)
studenьcьmь (instrumental singular)
studenьcemь (instrumental singular)
studenьcema (dual instrumental)
studenьci (instrumental plural)
studenьci (locative singular)
studenьcu (dual locative)
studenьcixъ (locative plural)
studenьče (singular vocative)
studenьca (dual vocative)
studenьci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: студеньць (studenĭcĭ)

Belarusian: студзень (studzjenʹ)

Russian: студенец (studenec)

Ukrainian: студени́ця (studenýcja)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

desc

Old Cyrillic script: стоуденьць (studenĭcĭ)

Bulgarian: студенец (studenec) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: студе́нац

Latin script: studénac

Slovene: studénǝc (tonal orthography)

From *studenъ (“cold”) + *-ьcь, from *studъ (“cold, shame”).


čarodějь

čarodějь (nominative singular)
čaroděja (dual nominative)
čaroději (nominative plural)
čaroděja (genitive singular)
čaroděju (dual genitive)
čarodějь (genitive plural)
čaroděju (dative singular)
čarodějema (dative dual)
čarodějemъ (dative plural)
čarodějь (accusative singular)
čaroděja (accusative dual)
čaroděję̇ (accusative plural)
čarodějьmь (instrumental singular)
čarodějemь (instrumental singular)
čarodějema (dual instrumental)
čaroději (instrumental plural)
čaroději (locative singular)
čaroděju (dual locative)
čarodějixъ (locative plural)
čaroděju (singular vocative)
čaroděja (dual vocative)
čaroději (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: чародѣи (čaroděi)

Old Ruthenian: чародѣй (čaroděj)

Belarusian: чарадзе́й (čaradzjéj)

Ukrainian: чароді́й (čarodíj)

Russian: чароде́й (čarodéj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⱍⰰⱃⱁⰴⱑⰻ (čaroděi)

Old Cyrillic script: чародѣи (čaroděi)

Slovene: čarodèj (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: čaroděj

Polish: czarodziej

Old Slovak: *čarodej

Pannonian Rusyn: чародїй (čarodjij)

Slovak: čarodej

From *čarъ + *-dějь, the second element being derived from *dějati (“to do”).


oržьnъ

oržьnъ (nominative singular)
oržьna (dual nominative)
oržьni (nominative plural)
oržьna (genitive singular)
oržьnu (dual genitive)
oržьnъ (genitive plural)
oržьnu (dative singular)
oržьnoma (dative dual)
oržьnomъ (dative plural)
oržьnъ (accusative singular)
oržьna (accusative dual)
oržьny (accusative plural)
oržьnъmь (instrumental singular)
oržьnomь (instrumental singular)
oržьnoma (dual instrumental)
oržьny (instrumental plural)
oržьně (locative singular)
oržьnu (dual locative)
oržьněxъ (locative plural)
oržьne (singular vocative)
oržьna (dual vocative)
oržьni (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: рожо́н (rožón)

Ukrainian: роже́н (rožén)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Russian Church Slavonic ражьнъ, раждьнъ (ražĭnŭ, raždĭnŭ)

Bulgarian: ръже́н (rǎžén)

Macedonian: ражен (ražen)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ра́жањ

Latin script: rážanj

Slovene: rážənj (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: rožeň

Old Polish: rożen

Polish: rożen

Slovak: ražeň

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: rоžеń, rоžоn

Upper Sorbian: rоžеń


prǫga

prǫga (nominative singular)
prǫdzě (dual nominative)
prǫgy (nominative plural)
prǫgy (genitive singular)
prǫgu (dual genitive)
prǫgъ (genitive plural)
prǫdzě (dative singular)
prǫgama (dative dual)
prǫgamъ (dative plural)
prǫgǫ (accusative singular)
prǫdzě (accusative dual)
prǫgy (accusative plural)
prǫgojǫ (instrumental singular)
prǫgǫ (instrumental singular)
prǫgama (dual instrumental)
prǫgami (instrumental plural)
prǫdzě (locative singular)
prǫgu (dual locative)
prǫgasъ (locative plural)
prǫgaxъ (locative plural)
prǫgo (singular vocative)
prǫdzě (dual vocative)
prǫgy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: пру́га (prúga)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пру́га

Latin script: prúga

Slovene: próga (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: prouha

Old Polish: prąga

Polish: pręga

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: рšugа

Upper Sorbian: pruha


postъ

b (accent-paradigm)
pòstъ (nominative singular)
postà (dual nominative)
postì (nominative plural)
postà (genitive singular)
postù (dual genitive)
pòstъ (genitive plural)
postù (dative singular)
postòma (dative dual)
postòmъ (dative plural)
pòstъ (accusative singular)
postà (accusative dual)
postỳ (accusative plural)
postъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
postòmь (instrumental singular)
postòma (dual instrumental)
pòsty (instrumental plural)
postě̀ (locative singular)
postù (dual locative)
pòstěxъ (locative plural)
poste (singular vocative)
postà (dual vocative)
postì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: постъ (postŭ)

Russian: пост (post)

Ukrainian: піст (pist)

Carpathian Rusyn: піст (pist)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: постъ (postŭ)

Bulgarian: пост (post)

Macedonian: пост (post)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: по̑ст

Latin script: pȏst

Slovene: pȍst (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: půst

Kashubian: pòst

Polish: post

Slovak: pôst

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: spót

Upper Sorbian: póst

→ Romanian: post (“fasting”)

→ Yiddish: פּאָסט (post)

Borrowed from Proto-West Germanic *fastā, *fastu (“fast, fasting”).


šata

šata (nominative singular)
šatě (dual nominative)
šaty (nominative plural)
šaty (genitive singular)
šatu (dual genitive)
šatъ (genitive plural)
šatě (dative singular)
šatama (dative dual)
šatamъ (dative plural)
šatǫ (accusative singular)
šatě (accusative dual)
šaty (accusative plural)
šatojǫ (instrumental singular)
šatǫ (instrumental singular)
šatama (dual instrumental)
šatami (instrumental plural)
šatě (locative singular)
šatu (dual locative)
šatasъ (locative plural)
šataxъ (locative plural)
šato (singular vocative)
šatě (dual vocative)
šaty (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: ша́та (šáta)

Russian: ша́та (šáta) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: ша́та (šáta)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: šata

Old Polish: szata

Polish: szata

Slovak: šata, šaty pl

Slovincian: szata

Borrowed from Proto-West Germanic *hāt (“garment, dress”).

bor

(North Slavic) clothes; vestment, robe, gown