edlъka

ȅdlъka (canonical feminine)
ȅdlъka (nominative singular)
edlъcě (dual nominative)
edlъky (nominative plural)
edlъky (genitive singular)
edlъku (dual genitive)
edlъkъ (genitive plural)
edlъcě (dative singular)
edlъkama (dative dual)
edlъkamъ (dative plural)
edlъkǫ (accusative singular)
edlъcě (accusative dual)
edlъky (accusative plural)
edlъkojǫ (instrumental singular)
edlъkǫ (instrumental singular)
edlъkama (dual instrumental)
edlъkami (instrumental plural)
edlъcě (locative singular)
edlъku (dual locative)
edlъkasъ (locative plural)
edlъkaxъ (locative plural)
ȅdlъko (singular vocative)
edlъcě (dual vocative)
edlъky (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: éлъка (élŭka)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: є́лка (jélka)
Belarusian: ёлка (jólka); е́лка (jélka), я́лка (jálka) (dialectal)
Ukrainian: я́лка (jálka), є́лка (jélka) (dialectal)
⇒ Ukrainian: є́вка (jévka), ївка (jivka), и́вка (ývka, “horsetail”) (dialectal)

Middle Russian: éлка (élka)

Russian: ёлка (jólka); éлка (élka), іо́лка (iólka) (obsolete)

South Slavic:

Macedonian: елка (elka)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: је̑лка

Latin script: jȇlka

Slovene: ję̑lka, jelka

West Slavic:

⇒ Polish: jodełka

From *ȅdlь (“spruce, fir”) + *-ьka (“diminutive suffix”).


sedliti

sedľenьje (noun-from-verb)
sedliti (infinitive)
sedlitъ (supine)
sedlilъ (l-participle)
sedľenъ (participle passive past)
sedlimъ (participle passive present)
sedľь (active participle past)
sedlę (active participle present)
sedlixъ (aorist first-person singular)
sedli (aorist second-person singular)
sedli (aorist singular third-person)
sedľǫ (first-person present singular)
sedliši (present second-person singular)
sedlitь (present singular third-person)
sedlixově (aorist dual first-person)
sedlista (aorist dual second-person)
sedliste (aorist dual third-person)
sedlivě (dual first-person present)
sedlita (dual present second-person)
sedlite (dual present third-person)
sedlixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
sedliste (aorist plural second-person)
sedlišę (aorist plural third-person)
sedlimъ (first-person plural present)
sedlite (plural present second-person)
sedlętь (plural present third-person)
sedľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
sedľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
sedľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
sedli (imperative second-person singular)
sedli (imperative singular third-person)
sedľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
sedľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
sedľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
sedlivě (dual first-person imperative)
sedlita (dual imperative second-person)
sedľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
sedľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
sedľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
sedlimъ (first-person imperative plural)
sedlite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *селити (*seliti)

Old Ruthenian: селити (seliti)

Belarusian: сяліць (sjalicʹ)

Ukrainian: сели́ти (selýty)

Russian: сели́ть (selítʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: селити (seliti)

Bulgarian:

Serbo-Croatian: sèliti

Old Slovene: *sedliti

⇒ Slovene: vzedli (3sg)

Slovene: seliti

West Slavic:

Czech: sedlit

Old Polish: siedlić

Polish: siedlić

Slovak: sídliť

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: sydlić


pasěka

pasěka (nominative singular)
pasěcě (dual nominative)
pasěky (nominative plural)
pasěky (genitive singular)
pasěku (dual genitive)
pasěkъ (genitive plural)
pasěcě (dative singular)
pasěkama (dative dual)
pasěkamъ (dative plural)
pasěkǫ (accusative singular)
pasěcě (accusative dual)
pasěky (accusative plural)
pasěkojǫ (instrumental singular)
pasěkǫ (instrumental singular)
pasěkama (dual instrumental)
pasěkami (instrumental plural)
pasěcě (locative singular)
pasěku (dual locative)
pasěkasъ (locative plural)
pasěkaxъ (locative plural)
pasěko (singular vocative)
pasěcě (dual vocative)
pasěky (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: па́сѣка (pásěka)

Old Ruthenian: па́сека (páseka), пасѣка (pasěka), пасика (pasika)

Belarusian: па́сека (pásjeka); па́сіка (pásika), па́сяка (pásjaka) (dialectal)

Carpathian Rusyn: па́сїка (pásjika)

Ukrainian: па́сіка (pásika); па́сека (páseka) (dialectal)

Russian: па́сека (páseka)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пасјека, пасека, пасика

Latin script: pasjeka, paseka, pasika

Slovene: pàseka, pàsika

West Slavic:

Old Czech: pasěka

Czech: paseka

Old Polish: pasieka

Polish: pasieka; pašeka (dialectal)

Old Slovak: paseka

Slovak: paseka

Slovincian: pasėka

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: pasyki pl


pasěkъ

pasěkъ (nominative singular)
pasěka (dual nominative)
pasěci (nominative plural)
pasěka (genitive singular)
pasěku (dual genitive)
pasěkъ (genitive plural)
pasěku (dative singular)
pasěkoma (dative dual)
pasěkomъ (dative plural)
pasěkъ (accusative singular)
pasěka (accusative dual)
pasěky (accusative plural)
pasěkъmь (instrumental singular)
pasěkomь (instrumental singular)
pasěkoma (dual instrumental)
pasěky (instrumental plural)
pasěcě (locative singular)
pasěku (dual locative)
pasěcěxъ (locative plural)
pasěče (singular vocative)
pasěka (dual vocative)
pasěci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *па́сѣкъ (*pásěkŭ)

desc

Old Ruthenian: *па́сѣкъ (*pásěk), па́сикъ (pásik)

Belarusian: пасік (pasik), па́сек (pásjek) (dialectal)

Russian: па́сек (pásek), пасёк (pasjók) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пасик

Latin script: pasik

West Slavic:

Slovak: pasek (dialectal)


zabyti

zabỳti (canonical perfective)
zabyvati (imperfective)
zabytьje (noun-from-verb)
zabyti (infinitive)
zabytъ (supine)
zabylъ (l-participle)
zabytъ (participle passive past)
zabǫdomъ (participle passive present)
zabyvъ (active participle past)
zabǫdy (active participle present)
zabyxъ (aorist first-person singular)
zaby (aorist second-person singular)
zabystъ (aorist second-person singular)
zaby (aorist singular third-person)
zabystъ (aorist singular third-person)
zabǫdǫ (first-person present singular)
zabǫdeši (present second-person singular)
zabǫdetь (present singular third-person)
zabyxově (aorist dual first-person)
zabysta (aorist dual second-person)
zabyste (aorist dual third-person)
zabǫdevě (dual first-person present)
zabǫdeta (dual present second-person)
zabǫdete (dual present third-person)
zabyxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
zabyste (aorist plural second-person)
zabyšę (aorist plural third-person)
zabǫdemъ (first-person plural present)
zabǫdete (plural present second-person)
zabǫdǫtь (plural present third-person)
zabǫděaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
zabǫděaše (imperfect second-person singular)
zabǫděaše (imperfect singular third-person)
zabǫdi (imperative second-person singular)
zabǫdi (imperative singular third-person)
zabǫděaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
zabǫděašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
zabǫděašete (dual imperfect third-person)
zabǫděvě (dual first-person imperative)
zabǫděta (dual imperative second-person)
zabǫděaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
zabǫděašete (imperfect plural second-person)
zabǫděaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
zabǫděmъ (first-person imperative plural)
zabǫděte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: забꙑ́ти (zabýti)

Old Ruthenian: забы́ти (zabýti)

Belarusian: забы́ць (zabýcʹ)

Carpathian Rusyn: забы́ти (zabŷ́ty)

Ukrainian: забу́ти (zabúty)

Middle Russian: забы́ти (zabýti)

Russian: забы́ть (zabýtʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: забꙑти (zabyti)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: за̀бити

Latin script: zàbiti

Slovene: zábiti (archaic)

⇒ Slovene: pozábiti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: zabyti

Czech: zabýt (obsolete)

Old Polish: zabyć

Polish: zabyć (obsolete)

Polabian: zobål sg

Slovak: zabyť

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: zabëc

Slovincian: zabëc

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: zabyś

Upper Sorbian: zabyć


čьstьnota

čьstьnota (nominative singular)
čьstьnotě (dual nominative)
čьstьnoty (nominative plural)
čьstьnoty (genitive singular)
čьstьnotu (dual genitive)
čьstьnotъ (genitive plural)
čьstьnotě (dative singular)
čьstьnotama (dative dual)
čьstьnotamъ (dative plural)
čьstьnotǫ (accusative singular)
čьstьnotě (accusative dual)
čьstьnoty (accusative plural)
čьstьnotojǫ (instrumental singular)
čьstьnotǫ (instrumental singular)
čьstьnotama (dual instrumental)
čьstьnotami (instrumental plural)
čьstьnotě (locative singular)
čьstьnotu (dual locative)
čьstьnotasъ (locative plural)
čьstьnotaxъ (locative plural)
čьstьnoto (singular vocative)
čьstьnotě (dual vocative)
čьstьnoty (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Ukrainian: чесно́та (česnóta)

West Slavic:

desctree

Old Polish: cnota
Polish: cnota
→ Old Ruthenian: цно́та (cnóta)
Belarusian: цно́та (cnóta)
Ukrainian: цно́та (cnóta); сно́та (snóta) (dialectal)

Slovak: ctnota, cnota


ǫtrь

ǫtrь (nominative singular)
ǫtri (dual nominative)
ǫtrьje (nominative plural)
ǫtri (genitive singular)
ǫtrьju (dual genitive)
ǫtrьjь (genitive plural)
ǫtri (dative singular)
ǫtrьma (dative dual)
ǫtrьmъ (dative plural)
ǫtrь (accusative singular)
ǫtri (accusative dual)
ǫtri (accusative plural)
ǫtrьmь (instrumental singular)
ǫtrьma (dual instrumental)
ǫtrьmi (instrumental plural)
ǫtri (locative singular)
ǫtrьju (dual locative)
ǫtrьxъ (locative plural)
ǫtri (singular vocative)
ǫtri (dual vocative)
ǫtrьje (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: ѭтрь (jǫtrĭ), ютрь (jutrĭ)

Ukrainian: отрь (otrʹ) (dialectal)

⇒ Russian: нутрь (nutrʹ) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: ѫтрь (ǫtrĭ)

Bulgarian: въ́тре (vǎ́tre)


čьstьnъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *čьstьnъ (hard)

Definite declension of *čьstьnъ (hard)

čьstьnъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
čьstьna (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
čьstьno (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
čьstьna (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
čьstьny (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
čьstьna (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
čьstьnu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
čьstьně (dative feminine indefinite singular)
čьstьnu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
čьstьnъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
čьstьnǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
čьstьno (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
čьstьnomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
čьstьnojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
čьstьnomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
čьstьně (indefinite locative masculine singular)
čьstьně (feminine indefinite locative singular)
čьstьně (indefinite locative neuter singular)
čьstьne (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
čьstьno (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
čьstьno (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
čьstьna (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
čьstьně (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
čьstьně (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
čьstьnu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
čьstьnu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
čьstьnu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
čьstьnoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
čьstьnama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
čьstьnoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
čьstьna (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
čьstьně (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
čьstьně (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
čьstьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
čьstьnama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
čьstьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
čьstьnu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
čьstьnu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
čьstьnu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
čьstьna (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
čьstьně (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
čьstьně (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
čьstьni (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
čьstьny (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
čьstьna (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
čьstьnъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
čьstьnъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
čьstьnъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
čьstьnomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
čьstьnamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
čьstьnomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
čьstьny (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
čьstьny (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
čьstьna (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
čьstьny (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
čьstьnami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
čьstьny (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
čьstьněxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
čьstьnaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
čьstьněxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
čьstьni (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
čьstьny (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
čьstьna (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
čьstьnъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
čьstьnaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
čьstьnoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
čьstьnajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
čьstьnyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
čьstьnajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
čьstьnujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
čьstьněji (dative definite feminine singular)
čьstьnujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
čьstьnъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
čьstьnǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
čьstьnoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
čьstьnyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
čьstьnǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
čьstьnyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
čьstьnějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
čьstьněji (definite feminine locative singular)
čьstьnějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
čьstьnъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
čьstьnaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
čьstьnoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
čьstьnaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
čьstьněji (definite dual feminine nominative)
čьstьněji (definite dual neuter nominative)
čьstьnuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
čьstьnuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
čьstьnuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
čьstьnyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
čьstьnyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
čьstьnyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
čьstьnaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
čьstьněji (accusative definite dual feminine)
čьstьněji (accusative definite dual neuter)
čьstьnyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
čьstьnyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
čьstьnyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
čьstьnuju (definite dual locative masculine)
čьstьnuju (definite dual feminine locative)
čьstьnuju (definite dual locative neuter)
čьstьnaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
čьstьněji (definite dual feminine vocative)
čьstьněji (definite dual neuter vocative)
čьstьniji (definite masculine nominative plural)
čьstьnyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
čьstьnaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
čьstьnъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
čьstьnъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
čьstьnъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
čьstьnyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
čьstьnyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
čьstьnyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
čьstьnyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
čьstьnyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
čьstьnaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
čьstьnyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
čьstьnyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
čьstьnyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
čьstьnyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
čьstьnyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
čьstьnyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
čьstьniji (definite masculine plural vocative)
čьstьnyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
čьstьnaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: чьстьнꙑи (čĭstĭnyi)

Belarusian: чэ́сны (čésny)

desc

Russian: че́стный (čéstnyj), честно́й (čestnój); чёсной (čósnoj) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: че́сний (čésnyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: чьстьнъ (čĭstĭnŭ)

Bulgarian: че́стен (čésten); че́сна (čésna) (dialectal)

Macedonian: чесен (česen)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ча̏стан

Latin script: čȁstan

Slovene: částen, čȃsten

West Slavic:

Old Czech: čstný

Czech: ctný (archaic)

Old Polish: cny
Polish: cny

Slovak: čestný, ctný, cný

Slovincian: czesny

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: cescny

Upper Sorbian: čestny, česćny


čьrnobylь

čьrnobylь (nominative singular)
čьrnobyli (dual nominative)
čьrnobylьje (nominative plural)
čьrnobyľe (nominative plural)
čьrnobyli (genitive singular)
čьrnobylьju (dual genitive)
čьrnobyľu (dual genitive)
čьrnobylьjь (genitive plural)
čьrnobyli (genitive plural)
čьrnobyli (dative singular)
čьrnobylьma (dative dual)
čьrnobylьmъ (dative plural)
čьrnobylь (accusative singular)
čьrnobyli (accusative dual)
čьrnobyli (accusative plural)
čьrnobylьmь (instrumental singular)
čьrnobylьma (dual instrumental)
čьrnobylьmi (instrumental plural)
čьrnobyli (locative singular)
čьrnobylьju (dual locative)
čьrnobyľu (dual locative)
čьrnobylьxъ (locative plural)
čьrnobyli (singular vocative)
čьrnobyli (dual vocative)
čьrnobylьje (plural vocative)
čьrnobyľe (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: черно́бꙑль (černóbylĭ)

Belarusian: чарно́быль (čarnóbylʹ) (dialectal)

Carpathian Rusyn: чорно́быль (čornóbŷlʹ)

Ukrainian: чорно́биль (čornóbylʹ), чорно́бил (čornóbyl); черно́бель (černóbelʹ), черно́біль (černóbilʹ), черно́биль (černóbylʹ), чорно́бель (čornóbelʹ), чорно́биль (čornóbylʹ), чорно́біль (čornóbilʹ), чорно́біл (čornóbil) (dialectal)

Russian: чернобы́ль (černobýlʹ), чернобы́л (černobýl)

⇒ Old East Slavic: Черно́бꙑль (Černóbylĭ) (toponym)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: Чорно́быль (Čornóbylʹ)
Belarusian: Чарно́быль (Čarnóbylʹ)
Carpathian Rusyn: Чорно́быль (Čornóbŷlʹ)
Ukrainian: Чорно́биль (Čornóbylʹ)
→ Polish: Czarnobyl (semantic loan)

Russian: Черно́быль (Černóbylʹ)

→ English: Chernobyl

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: црнобиљ, црнобил (rare)

Latin script: crnobilj, crnobil (rare)

Slovene: črnobil

West Slavic:

Czech: černobýl; černobýlí pl

Old Polish: czarnobyl

Slovak: černobyľ


paǫčina

pàǭčīna (canonical feminine)
a (accent-paradigm)
pàǭčīna (nominative singular)
pàǭčīně (dual nominative)
pàǭčīny (nominative plural)
pàǭčīny (genitive singular)
pàǭčīnu (dual genitive)
pàǭčīnъ (genitive plural)
pàǭčīně (dative singular)
pàǭčīnama (dative dual)
pàǭčīnamъ (dative plural)
pàǭčīnǫ (accusative singular)
pàǭčīně (accusative dual)
pàǭčīny (accusative plural)
pàǭčīnojǫ (instrumental singular)
pàǭčīnǭ (instrumental singular)
pàǭčīnama (dual instrumental)
pàǭčīnamī (instrumental plural)
pàǭčīně (locative singular)
pàǭčīnu (dual locative)
pàǭčīnasъ (locative plural)
pàǭčīnaxъ (locative plural)
pàǭčīno (singular vocative)
pàǭčīně (dual vocative)
pàǭčīny (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: паѫчина (paǫčina)

Belarusian: павуці́на (pavucína)

Russian: паучи́на (paučína) (dialectal), паути́на (pautína)

desc

Ukrainian: павучи́на (pavučýna), павути́на (pavutýna)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: паѫчина (paǫčina)

Bulgarian: па́яжина (pájažina), па́ежина (páežina)

Macedonian: пајажина (pajažina)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic: па̏учина

Latin: pȁučina

Slovene: pȃjčina, pȃječina

West Slavic:

Czech: pavučina

Polish: pajęczyna

Silesian: pajynczyna

Slovak: pavučina

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: pawcyna

Upper Sorbian: pawčina


gavęzь

gàvęzь (canonical masculine)
a (accent-paradigm)
gàvęzь (nominative singular)
gàvęzi (dual nominative)
gàvęzьjē (nominative plural)
gàvęzī (genitive singular)
gàvęzьju (dual genitive)
gàvęzьjь (genitive plural)
gàvęzi (dative singular)
gàvęzьma (dative dual)
gàvęzьmъ (dative plural)
gàvęzь (accusative singular)
gàvęzi (accusative dual)
gàvęzi (accusative plural)
gàvęzьmь (instrumental singular)
gàvęzьma (dual instrumental)
gàvęzьmī (instrumental plural)
gàvęzī (locative singular)
gàvęzьju (dual locative)
gàvęzьxъ (locative plural)
gavęzi (singular vocative)
gàvęzi (dual vocative)
gàvęzьjē (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *гавѧзь

Old Ruthenian: гавѧзь (havjazʹ), гавѧзъ (havjaz)

Belarusian: гавэз (havez)

Ukrainian: га́в'язь (hávʺjazʹ), га́в’яз (gáv’jaz)

→ Old Polish: hawiaź

Russian: гавязь (gavjazʹ), гавьяз (gavʹjaz), гавяз (gavjaz), гавяз (gavjaz), гавияс (gavijas), гавяс (gavjas), гобьяз (gobʹjaz) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: гаве́з (gavéz), гавъ́з (gavǎ́z), гавя́з (gavjáz)

Macedonian: гавез (gavez)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: га̏ве̄з

Latin script: gȁvēz

Slovene: gȃvez

⇒ Slovene: gȃbez, gȃvek

desctree

→ Czech: havez (learned)
→ Slovak: havez (learned)

West Slavic:

⇒ Polish: gawęda

Literally, “ox's tongue”. Univerbation of Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cattle”) + *ęzy (“tongue”) + *-ь. In Slavic first term is attested in derivative *govędo (“cattle”). The plant's name refers to the shape of the leaves. Compare Serbo-Croatian во̏лови јѐзик／vȍlovi jèzik, Ukrainian воло́вий язи́к (volóvyj jazýk) from *volovъ < *volъ (“ox”).
Similar term exist in Ancient Greek βούγλωσσον (boúglōsson), which was calqued into Persian گاوزبان (gâv-zabân) and later into Arabic لِسَان الثَوْر (lisān aṯ-ṯawr).

cog

во̏лови јѐзик//vȍlovi jèzik

воло́вий язи́к

لِسَان الثَوْر

comfrey (any plant of the genus Symphytum officinale)


motovidlo

motovidlo (nominative singular)
motovidlě (dual nominative)
motovidla (nominative plural)
motovidla (genitive singular)
motovidlu (dual genitive)
motovidlъ (genitive plural)
motovidlu (dative singular)
motovidloma (dative dual)
motovidlomъ (dative plural)
motovidlo (accusative singular)
motovidlě (accusative dual)
motovidla (accusative plural)
motovidlъmь (instrumental singular)
motovidlomь (instrumental singular)
motovidloma (dual instrumental)
motovidly (instrumental plural)
motovidlě (locative singular)
motovidlu (dual locative)
motovidlěxъ (locative plural)
motovidlo (singular vocative)
motovidlě (dual vocative)
motovidla (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: мотовило (motovilo)

Old Ruthenian: мотовило (motovilo)

Belarusian: матаві́ло (matavílo)

Ukrainian: мотови́ло (motovýlo)

Russian: мотови́ло (motovílo)

South Slavic:

desc

Bulgarian: (dialectal) мотови́ло (motovílo)

⇒ Bulgarian: мотови́ла f (motovíla), мотове́ло n (motovélo)

Macedonian: мотовило (motovilo)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: мото̀вило

Latin script: motòvilo

Slovene: motovílọ (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: motovidlo
Czech: motovidlo

desctree

Old Polish: motowidło
Polish: motowidło
Silesian: motowidło

Slovak: motovidlo

Polabian: mötüvai̯dlĕ

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: mòtowidło

Slovincian: môtôwjidlô

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: mótejdło

Upper Sorbian: motydło, motedło

Either:
* *motoviti (“to reel, to spool”) + *-dlo
* *motati (“to reel, to spool”) + *-o- + *vidlo (“tool for reeling, spooling”)
* *motъ (“skein”) + *-o- + *vidlo (“tool for reeling, spooling”)


oradlo

oradlo (nominative singular)
oradlě (dual nominative)
oradla (nominative plural)
oradla (genitive singular)
oradlu (dual genitive)
oradlъ (genitive plural)
oradlu (dative singular)
oradloma (dative dual)
oradlomъ (dative plural)
oradlo (accusative singular)
oradlě (accusative dual)
oradla (accusative plural)
oradlъmь (instrumental singular)
oradlomь (instrumental singular)
oradloma (dual instrumental)
oradly (instrumental plural)
oradlě (locative singular)
oradlu (dual locative)
oradlěxъ (locative plural)
oradlo (singular vocative)
oradlě (dual vocative)
oradla (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: орало (oralo)

Old Ruthenian: ора́ло (orálo)

Belarusian: ара́ла (arála) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: ора́ло (orálo) (dialectal)

Russian: ора́ло (orálo) (archaic)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⱁⱃⰰⰾⱁ (oralo)

desctree

Old Cyrillic script: орало (oralo)
Bulgarian: ора́ло (orálo)
Macedonian: орало (oralo)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: орало

Latin script: oralo

Slovene: orálo (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: oradlo, voradlo

Slovak: oradlo

By surface analysis, *orati (“to plough”) + *-dlo (suffix for tools and implements).

surf

Oleg Trubachyov
ru:Журавлёв, Анатолий Фёдорович


čižь

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: чижь (čižĭ)

Belarusian: чыж (čyž)

Russian: чиж (čiž); чи́жик (čížik)

Carpathian Rusyn: чіж (čiž); чіжык (čižŷk)

Ukrainian: чиж (čyž)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чи̑ж; чи́жак

Latin script: čȋž; čížak

Slovene: čižek

West Slavic:

Czech: číž (archaic); čížek

Moravian (Mistřice): číš

Kashubian: cziżik

Polish: czyż; czyżyk

Slovak: číž; čížik

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: čižik

Lower Sorbian: cyž

Non-Slavic:

Middle High German: zīsec, zīsic

→ German: Zeisig

→ English: siskin

→ Hungarian: csíz

From a suffixed base of imitative origin.

onomatopoeic

imitative


gnětiti

gnětìti (canonical imperfective)
b (accent-paradigm)
gněťenьje (noun-from-verb)
gnětiti (infinitive)
gnětitъ (supine)
gnětilъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
gněťenъ (participle passive past)
gnětimъ (participle passive present)
gněťь (active participle past)
gnětę (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
gnětixъ (aorist first-person singular)
gněti (aorist second-person singular)
gněti (aorist singular third-person)
gněťǫ (first-person present singular)
gnětiši (present second-person singular)
gnětitь (present singular third-person)
gnětixově (aorist dual first-person)
gnětista (aorist dual second-person)
gnětiste (aorist dual third-person)
gnětivě (dual first-person present)
gnětita (dual present second-person)
gnětite (dual present third-person)
gnětixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
gnětiste (aorist plural second-person)
gnětišę (aorist plural third-person)
gnětimъ (first-person plural present)
gnětite (plural present second-person)
gnětętь (plural present third-person)
gněťaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
gněťaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
gněťaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
gněti (imperative second-person singular)
gněti (imperative singular third-person)
gněťaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
gněťaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
gněťaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
gnětivě (dual first-person imperative)
gnětita (dual imperative second-person)
gněťaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
gněťaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
gněťaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
gnětimъ (first-person imperative plural)
gnětite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: гнѣтити (gnětiti)

Russian: гнети́ть (gnetítʹ) (dialectal)

desc

Ukrainian: гніти́ти (hnitýty, “to ruddy (bread and other baked goods)”)

⇒ Belarusian: загнет (zahnjet, “hearth of an oven”)

⇒ Russian: загнетка (zagnetka, “place where hot coals are put in an oven; hearth of an oven”)

South Slavic:

⇒ Old Church Slavonic: възгнѣтити (vŭzgnětiti)

Church Slavonic (Russian recension): гнѣтити (gnětiti)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: није́тити

Latin script: nijétiti

Slovene: netīti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: nietiti

Czech: nítit

Kashubian: niécëc, miecëc

⇒ Old Polish: namiecić, podmiecić, rozmiecić

Polish: niecić, miecić (dialectal)

Slovak: nietiť

Unknown.
* Berneker: Proto-Indo-European *knoyt-, from the causative/iterative o-grade of *ken(h₁)- (“to scratch; scrape; rub”), thus from earlier *knětiti, connected to Old Prussian knaistis (“fuse (for burning)”), Old English *gnāst (“spark”) (from Proto-Germanic *ga- + Proto-Germanic *hnaistô (“spark”)). Further possible Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek κνῐ́ζω (knízō) and κνήθω (knḗthō) (both meaning "to scratch"), Latin cinis (“cold ash”), Ancient Greek κόνις (kónis, “dust, ash”), Sanskrit कण (kaṇa, “particle, small grain of dust or rice”).
* Boryś: probably a causative verb from *gnisti, but this verb is unattested. Old English gnidan as possible cognate. From Proto-Indo-European *gʰneytʰ- (“to rub”). Original meaning would be "rub wood on wood to ignite a fire".


kuropъty

East Slavic:

Ukrainian: куропатва (kuropatva)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: куроптва

Latin script: kuroptva

West Slavic:

Czech: koroptev

Polish: kuropatwa


gogoľь

gogoľь (nominative singular)
gogoľa (dual nominative)
gogoľi (nominative plural)
gogoľa (genitive singular)
gogoľu (dual genitive)
gogoľь (genitive plural)
gogoľu (dative singular)
gogoľema (dative dual)
gogoľemъ (dative plural)
gogoľь (accusative singular)
gogoľa (accusative dual)
gogoľę̇ (accusative plural)
gogoľьmь (instrumental singular)
gogoľemь (instrumental singular)
gogoľema (dual instrumental)
gogoľi (instrumental plural)
gogoľi (locative singular)
gogoľu (dual locative)
gogoľixъ (locative plural)
gogoľu (singular vocative)
gogoľa (dual vocative)
gogoľi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: гоголь (gogolĭ, “Bucephala clangula, garrot”)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: го́голь (hóholʹ, “Bucephala clangula, garrot”)
Belarusian: го́галь (hóhalʹ)
Ukrainian: го́голь (hóholʹ); оголь (oholʹ) (dialectal)

desc

Russian: го́голь (gógolʹ, “Bucephala clangula, garrot”)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: го̀гољ (“Podiceps cristatus”), гогољ (“Branta rufina Boie”) (dialectal)

Latin script: gògolj (“Podiceps cristatus”), gogolj (“Branta rufina Boie”) (dialectal)

West Slavic:

Slovak: hohoľ (“waterbird”)

Alternative form of *gogolъ (“wild duck”)


lixva

lixva (nominative singular)
lixvě (dual nominative)
lixvy (nominative plural)
lixvy (genitive singular)
lixvu (dual genitive)
lixvъ (genitive plural)
lixvě (dative singular)
lixvama (dative dual)
lixvamъ (dative plural)
lixvǫ (accusative singular)
lixvě (accusative dual)
lixvy (accusative plural)
lixvojǫ (instrumental singular)
lixvǫ (instrumental singular)
lixvama (dual instrumental)
lixvami (instrumental plural)
lixvě (locative singular)
lixvu (dual locative)
lixvasъ (locative plural)
lixvaxъ (locative plural)
lixvo (singular vocative)
lixvě (dual vocative)
lixvy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: лихва́ (lixvá)

Ukrainian: ли́хва́ (lýxvá)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: лихва (lixva)

Bulgarian: ли́хва (líhva)

Macedonian: лихва (lihva)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ли̏хва

Latin script: lȉhva

Slovene: lȋhva

West Slavic:

Czech: lichva

Polish: lichwa

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: lichwa

Borrowed from Gothic *𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍈𐌰 (*leiƕa), from 𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌽 (leiƕan, “to lend”), from Proto-Germanic *līhwaną (“to lend”), from Proto-Indo-European *léykʷt, from *leykʷ- (“to leave”).


perpelъ

perpelъ (nominative singular)
perpela (dual nominative)
perpeli (nominative plural)
perpela (genitive singular)
perpelu (dual genitive)
perpelъ (genitive plural)
perpelu (dative singular)
perpeloma (dative dual)
perpelomъ (dative plural)
perpelъ (accusative singular)
perpela (accusative dual)
perpely (accusative plural)
perpelъmь (instrumental singular)
perpelomь (instrumental singular)
perpeloma (dual instrumental)
perpely (instrumental plural)
perpelě (locative singular)
perpelu (dual locative)
perpelěxъ (locative plural)
perpele (singular vocative)
perpela (dual vocative)
perpeli (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

⇒ Belarusian: перапёлка (pjerapjólka)

Russian: пе́репел (pérepel), (dialectal) пе́лепел (pélepel)

Ukrainian: пе́репел (pérepel)

South Slavic:

⇒ Bulgarian: пре́пелица (prépelica) (dialectal)

⇒ Macedonian: препелица (prepelica)

⇒ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пре̏пелица

Latin script: prȅpelica

desc/sl-tonal

⇒ Slovene: prepelíca (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

⇒ Old Czech: křěpelicě

⇒ Czech: křepelka

⇒ Old Polish: przepierzyca, przepiórka

Polish: przepiórka

⇒ Slovak: prepelica

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: paśpula

Upper Sorbian: pocpula

Non-Slavic:

→ Romanian: prepeliță

Has been compared to Lithuanian рíераlа, pùtpelė (“quail”), Latvian paipala (“quail”), Old Prussian penpalo (“quail”), Latin pāpiliō (“butterfly, moth”), Old English fīfealde (“butterfly”) and Old High German fîfaltra (“butterfly”).

cog

рíераlа, pùtpelė


žukъ

a (accent-paradigm)
žukъ (nominative singular)
žùka (dual nominative)
žùci (nominative plural)
žùka (genitive singular)
žùku (dual genitive)
žùkъ (genitive plural)
žùku (dative singular)
žùkoma (dative dual)
žùkomъ (dative plural)
žukъ (accusative singular)
žùka (accusative dual)
žùky (accusative plural)
žùkъmь (instrumental singular)
žùkomь (instrumental singular)
žùkoma (dual instrumental)
žùkȳ (instrumental plural)
žùcě (locative singular)
žùku (dual locative)
žùcě̄xъ (locative plural)
žùče (singular vocative)
žùka (dual vocative)
žùci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: жукъ (žukŭ)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: жукъ (žuk)
Belarusian: жук (žuk)
Carpathian Rusyn: жук (žuk)
Ukrainian: жук (žuk)

Russian: жук (žuk)

West Slavic:

⇒ Czech: žukat

Polabian: zauk

Polish: żuk

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: žuk


linǫti

lìti (imperfective)
linovenьje (noun-from-verb)
linǫti (infinitive)
linǫtъ (supine)
linǫlъ (l-participle)
linovenъ (participle passive past)
linǫvъ (active participle past)
linǫxъ (aorist first-person singular)
linǫ (aorist second-person singular)
linǫ (aorist singular third-person)
linǫ (first-person present singular)
lineši (present second-person singular)
linetь (present singular third-person)
linǫxově (aorist dual first-person)
linǫsta (aorist dual second-person)
linǫste (aorist dual third-person)
linevě (dual first-person present)
lineta (dual present second-person)
linete (dual present third-person)
linǫxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
linǫste (aorist plural second-person)
linǫšę (aorist plural third-person)
linemъ (first-person plural present)
linete (plural present second-person)
linǫtь (plural present third-person)
lini (imperative second-person singular)
lini (imperative singular third-person)
liněvě (dual first-person imperative)
liněta (dual imperative second-person)
liněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
liněte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: лину́ть (linútʹ) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: лину́ти (lynúty)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: линути

Latin script: linuti

West Slavic:

Czech: linout (“to waft”)

Old Polish: linąć

Polish: lunąć (“to gush, pour forth”)


boltina

boltina (nominative singular)
boltině (dual nominative)
boltiny (nominative plural)
boltiny (genitive singular)
boltinu (dual genitive)
boltinъ (genitive plural)
boltině (dative singular)
boltinama (dative dual)
boltinamъ (dative plural)
boltinǫ (accusative singular)
boltině (accusative dual)
boltiny (accusative plural)
boltinojǫ (instrumental singular)
boltinǫ (instrumental singular)
boltinama (dual instrumental)
boltinami (instrumental plural)
boltině (locative singular)
boltinu (dual locative)
boltinasъ (locative plural)
boltinaxъ (locative plural)
boltino (singular vocative)
boltině (dual vocative)
boltiny (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Russian: боло́тина (bolótina), болоти́на (bolotína)

Ukrainian: болоти́на (bolotýna)

South Slavic:

Middle Bulgarian: блатина (blatina), балътина (balŭtina)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бла̀тина

Latin script: blàtina

Slovene: blatina

West Slavic:

Old Czech: blatina

Czech: blatina

Kashubian: błocëna

Old Polish: błocina

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: błóćina

From *bolto (“swamp”) + *-ina (denotes locations endowed with characteristics typical for a more particular phenomenon).


jьstina

jьstina (nominative singular)
jьstině (dual nominative)
jьstiny (nominative plural)
jьstiny (genitive singular)
jьstinu (dual genitive)
jьstinъ (genitive plural)
jьstině (dative singular)
jьstinama (dative dual)
jьstinamъ (dative plural)
jьstinǫ (accusative singular)
jьstině (accusative dual)
jьstiny (accusative plural)
jьstinojǫ (instrumental singular)
jьstinǫ (instrumental singular)
jьstinama (dual instrumental)
jьstinami (instrumental plural)
jьstině (locative singular)
jьstinu (dual locative)
jьstinasъ (locative plural)
jьstinaxъ (locative plural)
jьstino (singular vocative)
jьstině (dual vocative)
jьstiny (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: истина (istina)

→ Russian: и́стина (ístina)

→ Ukrainian: і́стина (ístyna)

Bulgarian: и́стина (ístina)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: и̏стина

Latin script: ȉstina

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jistina

>? Old Polish: hiścina, iścina


popara

popara (nominative singular)
poparě (dual nominative)
popary (nominative plural)
popary (genitive singular)
poparu (dual genitive)
poparъ (genitive plural)
poparě (dative singular)
poparama (dative dual)
poparamъ (dative plural)
poparǫ (accusative singular)
poparě (accusative dual)
popary (accusative plural)
poparojǫ (instrumental singular)
poparǫ (instrumental singular)
poparama (dual instrumental)
poparami (instrumental plural)
poparě (locative singular)
poparu (dual locative)
poparasъ (locative plural)
poparaxъ (locative plural)
poparo (singular vocative)
poparě (dual vocative)
popary (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: попа́ра (popára)

Macedonian: попара (popara)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: по̏пара

Latin script: pȍpara

→ Ottoman Turkish: پاپاره (papara)

Turkish: papara

→ Greek: παπάρα (papára)

From *popariti + *-a, itself from *po- + *pariti, perhaps in relation to the dish giving out steam.

a dish made from bread dipped in a hot liquid, usually milk


lъžь

lъžь (nominative singular)
lъži (dual nominative)
lъži (nominative plural)
lъži (genitive singular)
lъžьju (dual genitive)
lъžu (dual genitive)
lъžьjь (genitive plural)
lъži (genitive plural)
lъži (dative singular)
lъžьma (dative dual)
lъžьmъ (dative plural)
lъžь (accusative singular)
lъži (accusative dual)
lъži (accusative plural)
lъžьjǫ (instrumental singular)
lъžǫ (instrumental singular)
lъžьma (dual instrumental)
lъžьmi (instrumental plural)
lъži (locative singular)
lъžьju (dual locative)
lъžu (dual locative)
lъžьxъ (locative plural)
lъži (singular vocative)
lъži (dual vocative)
lъži (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: ложь (ložʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: лъжь (lŭžĭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: лаж

Latin script: laž

Slovene: lȃž (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: lež

Czech: lež

Polish: łeż (obsolete)

Slovak: lož

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lugis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂lewgʰ-.


protivъ

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: противъ (protivŭ)

desc

Belarusian: про́ці (próci), прэ̀цi (prèci)

Russian: про́тив (prótiv)

Ukrainian: про́ти (próty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: противъ (protivŭ)

Bulgarian: проти́в (protív)

Macedonian: против (protiv)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: про̏тив

Latin script: prȍtiv

Slovene: prọ̑ti

West Slavic:

Old Czech: protiv

Czech: proti

Kashubian: przecyw

desctree

Old Polish: przeciw
Polish: przeciw
Silesian: przeciw

Old Slovak: prociv, proti, protiv

desc

Pannonian Rusyn: проци (proci), процив (prociv)

Slovak: proti

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: pśeśiwo

Upper Sorbian: přećiwo

Derived from Proto-Indo-European *pr-é-ti, *pr-ó-ti, from *per- (“in front, first”). Compare Latvian pretējs.


tъlpa

tъlpa (nominative singular)
tъlpě (dual nominative)
tъlpy (nominative plural)
tъlpy (genitive singular)
tъlpu (dual genitive)
tъlpъ (genitive plural)
tъlpě (dative singular)
tъlpama (dative dual)
tъlpamъ (dative plural)
tъlpǫ (accusative singular)
tъlpě (accusative dual)
tъlpy (accusative plural)
tъlpojǫ (instrumental singular)
tъlpǫ (instrumental singular)
tъlpama (dual instrumental)
tъlpami (instrumental plural)
tъlpě (locative singular)
tъlpu (dual locative)
tъlpasъ (locative plural)
tъlpaxъ (locative plural)
tъlpo (singular vocative)
tъlpě (dual vocative)
tъlpy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: толпа́ (tolpá)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: тлъпа (tlŭpa)

Bulgarian: тълпа́ (tǎlpá)

Macedonian: толпа (tolpa)

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: tólpa (“gang”) (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: tlupa (“gang”)

Polish: tłum

From Proto-Balto-Slavic, related to Lithuanian talpa (“capacity”), Lithuanian talpinti (“to put, to set”).


větvь

větvь (nominative singular)
větvi (dual nominative)
větvi (nominative plural)
větvi (genitive singular)
větvьju (dual genitive)
větvьjь (genitive plural)
větvi (dative singular)
větvьma (dative dual)
větvьmъ (dative plural)
větvь (accusative singular)
větvi (accusative dual)
větvi (accusative plural)
větvьjǫ (instrumental singular)
větvьma (dual instrumental)
větvьmi (instrumental plural)
větvi (locative singular)
větvьju (dual locative)
větvьxъ (locative plural)
větvi (singular vocative)
větvi (dual vocative)
větvi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: вѣтвь (větvĭ)

Old Ruthenian: вѣтвь (větvʹ)

Russian: ветвь (vetvʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: вѣтвь (větvĭ)

Bulgarian: ветва (vetva)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: větev

Czech: větev

Kashubian: wietew

Old Polish: wiećw

Slovak: vetva

From Proto-Indo-European *weh₁y-. Cognate with Old Prussian witwan, Ancient Greek ἴτῠς (ítus, “felloe”) and Latin vitus (“felloe”).


protivьnъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *protivьnъ (hard)

Definite declension of *protivьnъ (hard)

protivьnъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
protivьna (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
protivьno (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
protivьna (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
protivьny (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
protivьna (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
protivьnu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
protivьně (dative feminine indefinite singular)
protivьnu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
protivьnъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
protivьnǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
protivьno (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
protivьnomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
protivьnojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
protivьnomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
protivьně (indefinite locative masculine singular)
protivьně (feminine indefinite locative singular)
protivьně (indefinite locative neuter singular)
protivьne (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
protivьno (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
protivьno (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
protivьna (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
protivьně (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
protivьně (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
protivьnu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
protivьnu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
protivьnu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
protivьnoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
protivьnama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
protivьnoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
protivьna (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
protivьně (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
protivьně (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
protivьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
protivьnama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
protivьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
protivьnu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
protivьnu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
protivьnu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
protivьna (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
protivьně (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
protivьně (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
protivьni (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
protivьny (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
protivьna (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
protivьnъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
protivьnъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
protivьnъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
protivьnomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
protivьnamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
protivьnomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
protivьny (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
protivьny (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
protivьna (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
protivьny (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
protivьnami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
protivьny (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
protivьněxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
protivьnaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
protivьněxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
protivьni (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
protivьny (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
protivьna (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
protivьnъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
protivьnaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
protivьnoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
protivьnajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
protivьnyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
protivьnajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
protivьnujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
protivьněji (dative definite feminine singular)
protivьnujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
protivьnъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
protivьnǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
protivьnoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
protivьnyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
protivьnǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
protivьnyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
protivьnějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
protivьněji (definite feminine locative singular)
protivьnějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
protivьnъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
protivьnaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
protivьnoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
protivьnaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
protivьněji (definite dual feminine nominative)
protivьněji (definite dual neuter nominative)
protivьnuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
protivьnuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
protivьnuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
protivьnyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
protivьnyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
protivьnyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
protivьnaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
protivьněji (accusative definite dual feminine)
protivьněji (accusative definite dual neuter)
protivьnyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
protivьnyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
protivьnyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
protivьnuju (definite dual locative masculine)
protivьnuju (definite dual feminine locative)
protivьnuju (definite dual locative neuter)
protivьnaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
protivьněji (definite dual feminine vocative)
protivьněji (definite dual neuter vocative)
protivьniji (definite masculine nominative plural)
protivьnyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
protivьnaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
protivьnъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
protivьnъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
protivьnъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
protivьnyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
protivьnyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
protivьnyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
protivьnyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
protivьnyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
protivьnaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
protivьnyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
protivьnyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
protivьnyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
protivьnyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
protivьnyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
protivьnyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
protivьniji (definite masculine plural vocative)
protivьnyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
protivьnaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: *противьнъ (*protivĭnŭ)

Old Ruthenian: проти́вный (protívnyj)

Belarusian: праці́ўны (pracíŭny)

Ukrainian: проти́вний (protývnyj)

Russian: проти́вный (protívnyj)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: проти́вен (protíven)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: про̏тӣван

Latin script: prȍtīvan

West Slavic:

Old Czech: protivný
Czech: protivný

desctree

Old Polish: przeciwny
Polish: przeciwny
Silesian: przeciwny

Old Slovak: protivný
Slovak: protivný


něga

něga (nominative singular)
nědzě (dual nominative)
něgy (nominative plural)
něgy (genitive singular)
něgu (dual genitive)
něgъ (genitive plural)
nědzě (dative singular)
něgama (dative dual)
něgamъ (dative plural)
něgǫ (accusative singular)
nědzě (accusative dual)
něgy (accusative plural)
něgojǫ (instrumental singular)
něgǫ (instrumental singular)
něgama (dual instrumental)
něgami (instrumental plural)
nědzě (locative singular)
něgu (dual locative)
něgasъ (locative plural)
něgaxъ (locative plural)
něgo (singular vocative)
nědzě (dual vocative)
něgy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: нѣга (něga)

Belarusian: нега (njeha)

Russian: не́га (néga)

Ukrainian: нíга (níha)

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic: нѣга (něga)

Bulgarian: нѐга (nèga) (poetic); Нѣга (Něga), Ня́га (Njága) (personal name)

Macedonian: нега (nega)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: њега, нега

Latin script: njega, nega

Slovene: néga

West Slavic:

Czech: něhа (dated)

Old Polish: Niega (personal name)

Slovak: neha


slavьnъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *slavьnъ (hard)

Definite declension of *slavьnъ (hard)

slavьnъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
slavьna (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
slavьno (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
slavьna (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
slavьny (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
slavьna (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
slavьnu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
slavьně (dative feminine indefinite singular)
slavьnu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
slavьnъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
slavьnǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
slavьno (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
slavьnomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
slavьnojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
slavьnomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
slavьně (indefinite locative masculine singular)
slavьně (feminine indefinite locative singular)
slavьně (indefinite locative neuter singular)
slavьne (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
slavьno (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
slavьno (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
slavьna (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
slavьně (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
slavьně (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
slavьnu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
slavьnu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
slavьnu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
slavьnoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
slavьnama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
slavьnoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
slavьna (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
slavьně (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
slavьně (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
slavьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
slavьnama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
slavьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
slavьnu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
slavьnu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
slavьnu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
slavьna (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
slavьně (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
slavьně (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
slavьni (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
slavьny (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
slavьna (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
slavьnъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
slavьnъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
slavьnъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
slavьnomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
slavьnamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
slavьnomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
slavьny (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
slavьny (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
slavьna (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
slavьny (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
slavьnami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
slavьny (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
slavьněxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
slavьnaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
slavьněxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
slavьni (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
slavьny (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
slavьna (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
slavьnъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
slavьnaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
slavьnoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
slavьnajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
slavьnyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
slavьnajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
slavьnujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
slavьněji (dative definite feminine singular)
slavьnujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
slavьnъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
slavьnǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
slavьnoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
slavьnyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
slavьnǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
slavьnyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
slavьnějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
slavьněji (definite feminine locative singular)
slavьnějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
slavьnъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
slavьnaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
slavьnoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
slavьnaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
slavьněji (definite dual feminine nominative)
slavьněji (definite dual neuter nominative)
slavьnuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
slavьnuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
slavьnuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
slavьnyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
slavьnyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
slavьnyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
slavьnaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
slavьněji (accusative definite dual feminine)
slavьněji (accusative definite dual neuter)
slavьnyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
slavьnyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
slavьnyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
slavьnuju (definite dual locative masculine)
slavьnuju (definite dual feminine locative)
slavьnuju (definite dual locative neuter)
slavьnaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
slavьněji (definite dual feminine vocative)
slavьněji (definite dual neuter vocative)
slavьniji (definite masculine nominative plural)
slavьnyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
slavьnaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
slavьnъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
slavьnъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
slavьnъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
slavьnyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
slavьnyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
slavьnyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
slavьnyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
slavьnyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
slavьnaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
slavьnyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
slavьnyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
slavьnyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
slavьnyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
slavьnyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
slavьnyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
slavьniji (definite masculine plural vocative)
slavьnyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
slavьnaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: славныи (slavnyi)

Russian: славный (slavnyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: славьнъ (slavĭnŭ)

Glagolitic: ⱄⰾⰰⰲⱐⱀⱏ (slavĭnŭ)

Bulgarian: славен (slaven)

Macedonian: славен (slaven)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: славан

Latin script: slavan

Slovene: slávən (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: slavný

Czech: slavný

Polish: sławny


strašьnъ

Indefinite declension of *strašьnъ (hard)

Definite declension of *strašьnъ (hard)

strašьnъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
strašьna (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
strašьno (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
strašьna (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
strašьny (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
strašьna (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
strašьnu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
strašьně (dative feminine indefinite singular)
strašьnu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
strašьnъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
strašьnǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
strašьno (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
strašьnomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
strašьnojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
strašьnomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
strašьně (indefinite locative masculine singular)
strašьně (feminine indefinite locative singular)
strašьně (indefinite locative neuter singular)
strašьne (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
strašьno (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
strašьno (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
strašьna (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
strašьně (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
strašьně (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
strašьnu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
strašьnu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
strašьnu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
strašьnoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
strašьnama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
strašьnoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
strašьna (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
strašьně (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
strašьně (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
strašьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
strašьnama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
strašьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
strašьnu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
strašьnu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
strašьnu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
strašьna (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
strašьně (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
strašьně (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
strašьni (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
strašьny (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
strašьna (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
strašьnъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
strašьnъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
strašьnъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
strašьnomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
strašьnamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
strašьnomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
strašьny (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
strašьny (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
strašьna (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
strašьny (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
strašьnami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
strašьny (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
strašьněxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
strašьnaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
strašьněxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
strašьni (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
strašьny (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
strašьna (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
strašьnъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
strašьnaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
strašьnoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
strašьnajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
strašьnyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
strašьnajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
strašьnujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
strašьněji (dative definite feminine singular)
strašьnujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
strašьnъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
strašьnǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
strašьnoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
strašьnyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
strašьnǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
strašьnyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
strašьnějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
strašьněji (definite feminine locative singular)
strašьnějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
strašьnъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
strašьnaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
strašьnoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
strašьnaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
strašьněji (definite dual feminine nominative)
strašьněji (definite dual neuter nominative)
strašьnuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
strašьnuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
strašьnuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
strašьnyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
strašьnyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
strašьnyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
strašьnaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
strašьněji (accusative definite dual feminine)
strašьněji (accusative definite dual neuter)
strašьnyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
strašьnyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
strašьnyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
strašьnuju (definite dual locative masculine)
strašьnuju (definite dual feminine locative)
strašьnuju (definite dual locative neuter)
strašьnaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
strašьněji (definite dual feminine vocative)
strašьněji (definite dual neuter vocative)
strašьniji (definite masculine nominative plural)
strašьnyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
strašьnaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
strašьnъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
strašьnъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
strašьnъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
strašьnyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
strašьnyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
strašьnyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
strašьnyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
strašьnyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
strašьnaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
strašьnyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
strašьnyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
strašьnyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
strašьnyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
strašьnyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
strašьnyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
strašьniji (definite masculine plural vocative)
strašьnyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
strašьnaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: страшьныи (strašĭnyi)

Russian: страшный (strašnyj)

Ukrainian: страшний (strašnyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: страшьнъ (strašĭnŭ)

Glagolitic: ⱄⱅⱃⰰⱎⱐⱀⱏ (strašĭnŭ)

Bulgarian: страшен (strašen)

Macedonian: страшен (strašen)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: стра́шан

Latin script: strášan

West Slavic:

Old Czech: strašný

Czech: strašný

Old Polish: straszny

Polish: straszny

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: strašny

Lower Sorbian: tšašny


vьrvь

vь̑rvь (canonical feminine)
c (accent-paradigm)
vь̑rvь (nominative singular)
vь̑rvi (dual nominative)
vь̑rvi (nominative plural)
vьrví (genitive singular)
vьrvьjù (dual genitive)
vьrvľu (dual genitive)
vьrvь̀jь (genitive plural)
vь̑rvi (dative singular)
vьrvьmà (dative dual)
vь̑rvьmъ (dative plural)
vь̑rvь (accusative singular)
vь̑rvi (accusative dual)
vь̑rvi (accusative plural)
vьrvьjǫ́ (instrumental singular)
vьrvьmà (dual instrumental)
vьrvьmì (instrumental plural)
vьrví (locative singular)
vьrvьjù (dual locative)
vьrvľu (dual locative)
vь̑rvьxъ (locative plural)
vьrvi (singular vocative)
vь̑rvi (dual vocative)
vь̑rvi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: вьрвь (vĭrvĭ)

Russian: ве́рвь (vérvʹ) (dialectal)

⇒ Ukrainian: верве́чка (vervéčka)

⇒ Russian: верёвка (verjóvka)

→ Belarusian: вяроўка (vjaróŭka)

→ Ukrainian: вірьовка (virʹovka)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: врьвь (vrĭvĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰲⱃⱐⰲⱐ (vrĭvĭ)

Bulgarian: връв (vrǎv)

Serbo-Croatian: (obsolescent)

Cyrillic script: вр̑в, вр̑вца

Latin script: vȓv, vȓvca

Slovene: vȓv (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vrv

From *vьrvьca

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: вр̀пца

Latin script: vr̀pca

Macedonian: врвца (vrvca)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wírwis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wer-.


(j)edъva

East Slavic:

⇒ Belarusian: ледзь (ljedzʹ), ледзьве (ljedzʹvje)

Russian: едва́ (jedvá)

desc

⇒ Ukrainian: ледь (ledʹ), ле́две (lédve)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: ѥдва (jedva), ѥдъва (jedŭva)

Bulgarian: едва́ (edvá)

Macedonian: едвај (edvaj), одвај (odvaj)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: је̏два

Latin script: jȅdva

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jedva

Czech: jedva, ledva

Bohemian (Chod dialect): jedva

⇒ Old Polish: jedwo, ledwo

Polish: ledwo

⇒ Polish: ledwie

⇒ Kashubian: ledvje, ledwœ (Ramułt's dictionary)

Old Slovak: ledva, ledve, ledvo, ledvom, ledvy

Pannonian Rusyn: лєдво (ljedvo)

Slovak: ledva

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: lědba

Upper Sorbian: lědma

The first element is possibly the same as in *edinъ (see there for more). For *-va, confer Bulgarian дава́ (davá, “probably, perhaps”) and Czech sotva. Furthermore, cognate with Lithuanian võs (“hardly”), vos ne vos (“scarcely”).
Variations with l- possibly contain a particle *le (see еле).


pěxota

pěxota (nominative singular)
pěxotě (dual nominative)
pěxoty (nominative plural)
pěxoty (genitive singular)
pěxotu (dual genitive)
pěxotъ (genitive plural)
pěxotě (dative singular)
pěxotama (dative dual)
pěxotamъ (dative plural)
pěxotǫ (accusative singular)
pěxotě (accusative dual)
pěxoty (accusative plural)
pěxotojǫ (instrumental singular)
pěxotǫ (instrumental singular)
pěxotama (dual instrumental)
pěxotami (instrumental plural)
pěxotě (locative singular)
pěxotu (dual locative)
pěxotasъ (locative plural)
pěxotaxъ (locative plural)
pěxoto (singular vocative)
pěxotě (dual vocative)
pěxoty (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: пяхо́та (pjaxóta)

Russian: пехо́та (pexóta)

Ukrainian: піхо́та (pixóta)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: пехо́та (pehóta)

West Slavic:

Czech: pěchota

Polish: piechota

Slovak: pechota

From *pěxъ + *-ota, the first element being derived from Proto-Indo-European *pēd-, a variant of *ped-.


selzenь

selzenь (nominative singular)
selzeni (dual nominative)
selzeni (nominative plural)
selzeni (genitive singular)
selzenьju (dual genitive)
selzenьjь (genitive plural)
selzeni (dative singular)
selzenьma (dative dual)
selzenьmъ (dative plural)
selzenь (accusative singular)
selzeni (accusative dual)
selzeni (accusative plural)
selzenьjǫ (instrumental singular)
selzenьma (dual instrumental)
selzenьmi (instrumental plural)
selzeni (locative singular)
selzenьju (dual locative)
selzenьxъ (locative plural)
selzeni (singular vocative)
selzeni (dual vocative)
selzeni (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

⇒ Belarusian: селязёнка (sjeljazjónka)

⇒ Russian: селезёнка (selezjónka)

⇒ Ukrainian: селезі́нка (selezínka)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: слѣзена (slězena)

Bulgarian: сле́зка (slézka)

Macedonian: слезина (slezina)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: слезѝна, слезѐна

Latin script: slezìna, slezèna

West Slavic:

Old Czech: slezina

Czech: slezina

Kashubian: słodzëna

Old Polish: słodzona

Polish: śledziona

Slovak: slezina

From a tentative Proto-Indo-European *s(p)lēǵʰ-n- ~ *s(p)leh₁ǵʰ-n- (“spleen”), from a root *spleǵʰ-, heavily distorted, likely for taboo reasons. Compare Ancient Greek σπλήν (splḗn), Latin liēn, Sanskrit प्लिहन् (plihan), Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥 (spər^əzan) and Lithuanian blužnìs


šumъ

šumъ (nominative singular)
šuma (dual nominative)
šumi (nominative plural)
šuma (genitive singular)
šumu (dual genitive)
šumъ (genitive plural)
šumu (dative singular)
šumoma (dative dual)
šumomъ (dative plural)
šumъ (accusative singular)
šuma (accusative dual)
šumy (accusative plural)
šumъmь (instrumental singular)
šumomь (instrumental singular)
šumoma (dual instrumental)
šumy (instrumental plural)
šumě (locative singular)
šumu (dual locative)
šuměxъ (locative plural)
šume (singular vocative)
šuma (dual vocative)
šumi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: шумъ (šumŭ)

Old Ruthenian: шумъ (šum)

Belarusian: шум (šum)

Ukrainian: шум (šum)

Russian: шум (šum)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Russian Church Slavonic: шоумъ (šumŭ)

Bulgarian: шум (šum)

Macedonian: шум (šum)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: шу̑м

Latin script: šȗm

Slovene: šȗm

West Slavic:

Czech: šum

Kashubian: szëmòt

Old Polish: szum

Polish: szum

Slovak: šum

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: šum

Upper Sorbian: šum

From *šu- + *-mъ. For the root compare Lithuanian šaũkti (“to shout, yell, cry”), šaũksmas (“scream, cry”).


věrьnъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *věrьnъ (hard)

Definite declension of *věrьnъ (hard)

věrьnъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
věrьna (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
věrьno (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
věrьna (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
věrьny (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
věrьna (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
věrьnu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
věrьně (dative feminine indefinite singular)
věrьnu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
věrьnъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
věrьnǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
věrьno (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
věrьnomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
věrьnojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
věrьnomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
věrьně (indefinite locative masculine singular)
věrьně (feminine indefinite locative singular)
věrьně (indefinite locative neuter singular)
věrьne (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
věrьno (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
věrьno (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
věrьna (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
věrьně (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
věrьně (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
věrьnu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
věrьnu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
věrьnu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
věrьnoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
věrьnama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
věrьnoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
věrьna (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
věrьně (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
věrьně (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
věrьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
věrьnama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
věrьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
věrьnu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
věrьnu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
věrьnu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
věrьna (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
věrьně (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
věrьně (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
věrьni (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
věrьny (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
věrьna (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
věrьnъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
věrьnъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
věrьnъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
věrьnomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
věrьnamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
věrьnomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
věrьny (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
věrьny (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
věrьna (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
věrьny (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
věrьnami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
věrьny (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
věrьněxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
věrьnaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
věrьněxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
věrьni (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
věrьny (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
věrьna (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
věrьnъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
věrьnaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
věrьnoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
věrьnajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
věrьnyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
věrьnajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
věrьnujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
věrьněji (dative definite feminine singular)
věrьnujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
věrьnъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
věrьnǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
věrьnoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
věrьnyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
věrьnǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
věrьnyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
věrьnějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
věrьněji (definite feminine locative singular)
věrьnějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
věrьnъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
věrьnaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
věrьnoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
věrьnaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
věrьněji (definite dual feminine nominative)
věrьněji (definite dual neuter nominative)
věrьnuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
věrьnuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
věrьnuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
věrьnyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
věrьnyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
věrьnyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
věrьnaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
věrьněji (accusative definite dual feminine)
věrьněji (accusative definite dual neuter)
věrьnyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
věrьnyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
věrьnyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
věrьnuju (definite dual locative masculine)
věrьnuju (definite dual feminine locative)
věrьnuju (definite dual locative neuter)
věrьnaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
věrьněji (definite dual feminine vocative)
věrьněji (definite dual neuter vocative)
věrьniji (definite masculine nominative plural)
věrьnyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
věrьnaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
věrьnъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
věrьnъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
věrьnъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
věrьnyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
věrьnyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
věrьnyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
věrьnyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
věrьnyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
věrьnaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
věrьnyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
věrьnyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
věrьnyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
věrьnyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
věrьnyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
věrьnyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
věrьniji (definite masculine plural vocative)
věrьnyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
věrьnaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: верны (vjerny)

Russian: верный (vernyj)

Ukrainian: вірний (virnyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: вѣрьнъ (věrĭnŭ)

Bulgarian: верен (veren)

Macedonian: верен (veren)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ве́ран

Latin script: véran

West Slavic:

Old Czech: věrný

Czech: věrný

Old Polish: wierny

Polish: wierny


rěšiti

rěšenьje (noun-from-verb)
rěšiti (infinitive)
rěšitъ (supine)
rěšilъ (l-participle)
rěšenъ (participle passive past)
rěšimъ (participle passive present)
rěšь (active participle past)
rěšę (active participle present)
rěšixъ (aorist first-person singular)
rěši (aorist second-person singular)
rěši (aorist singular third-person)
rěšǫ (first-person present singular)
rěšiši (present second-person singular)
rěšitь (present singular third-person)
rěšixově (aorist dual first-person)
rěšista (aorist dual second-person)
rěšiste (aorist dual third-person)
rěšivě (dual first-person present)
rěšita (dual present second-person)
rěšite (dual present third-person)
rěšixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
rěšiste (aorist plural second-person)
rěšišę (aorist plural third-person)
rěšimъ (first-person plural present)
rěšite (plural present second-person)
rěšętь (plural present third-person)
rěšaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
rěšaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
rěšaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
rěši (imperative second-person singular)
rěši (imperative singular third-person)
rěšaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
rěšaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
rěšaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
rěšivě (dual first-person imperative)
rěšita (dual imperative second-person)
rěšaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
rěšaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
rěšaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
rěšimъ (first-person imperative plural)
rěšite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: рѣшити (rěšiti)

Old Ruthenian: рѣши́ти (rěšíti)

Belarusian: рашы́ць (rašýcʹ)

Ukrainian: ріши́ти (rišýty)

Russian: реши́ть (rešítʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: рѣшити (rěšiti)

Glagolitic script: ⱃⱑⱎⰺⱅⰺ (rěšiti)

Bulgarian: реша́ (rešá)

Macedonian: реши (reši)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ре́шити; рије́шити

Latin script: réšiti; rijéšiti

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: rešīti, rẹ́šiti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

desc

Czech: řešit (“to deal with; to discuss”)

Kashubian: rzeszëc (“to tie”)

⇒ Old Polish: rozdrzeszyć, rozgrzeszyć, rozrzeszyć (“to absolve”)

Polish: rozgrzeszyć

Polabian: *resĕt

⇒ Polabian: resenĕ

Slovak: riešiť

The exact Proto Balto-Slavic form is contested. Vasmer adduces Lithuanian raišýti, Lithuanian rišti, Lithuanian ryšys, Latin rica as cognates. If so, from Proto-Indo-European *wreyḱ- (“to twist, bend”).


grivьna

a (accent-paradigm)
grivьna (nominative singular)
grivьně (dual nominative)
grivьny (nominative plural)
grivьny (genitive singular)
grivьnu (dual genitive)
grivьnъ (genitive plural)
grivьně (dative singular)
grivьnama (dative dual)
grivьnamъ (dative plural)
grivьnǫ (accusative singular)
grivьně (accusative dual)
grivьny (accusative plural)
grivьnojǫ (instrumental singular)
grivьnǭ (instrumental singular)
grivьnama (dual instrumental)
grivьnamī (instrumental plural)
grivьně (locative singular)
grivьnu (dual locative)
grivьnasъ (locative plural)
grivьnaxъ (locative plural)
grivьno (singular vocative)
grivьně (dual vocative)
grivьny (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: гривьна (grivĭna)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: гри́вна (hrívna), гры́вна (hrývna), гри́внꙗ (hrívnja)
Belarusian: гры́ўня (hrýŭnja)
Ukrainian: гри́вня (hrývnja, “unit of currency and weight”), гри́вна (hrývna, “a torque”)

Russian: гри́вна (grívna)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: гри́вна (grívna)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: гри̑вна

Latin script: grȋvna

Slovene: grȋvna

West Slavic:

Old Czech: hřivna

Czech: hřivna

Polabian: grėiwně

Old Polish: grzywna, krzywna

Polish: grzywna

Slovak: hrivna

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: hriwna


nenavistь

nenavistь (nominative singular)
nenavisti (dual nominative)
nenavisti (nominative plural)
nenavisti (genitive singular)
nenavistьju (dual genitive)
nenavistьjь (genitive plural)
nenavisti (dative singular)
nenavistьma (dative dual)
nenavistьmъ (dative plural)
nenavistь (accusative singular)
nenavisti (accusative dual)
nenavisti (accusative plural)
nenavistьjǫ (instrumental singular)
nenavistьma (dual instrumental)
nenavistьmi (instrumental plural)
nenavisti (locative singular)
nenavistьju (dual locative)
nenavistьxъ (locative plural)
nenavisti (singular vocative)
nenavisti (dual vocative)
nenavisti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: нянавісць (njanaviscʹ)

Russian: ненависть (nenavistʹ)

Ukrainian: ненависть (nenavystʹ)

South Slavic:

desc

Old Church Slavonic: ненависть (nenavistĭ)

Bulgarian: ненавист (nenavist)

Macedonian: ненавист (nenavist)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ненавист (archaic)

Latin script: nenavist (archaic)

West Slavic:

Czech: nenávist

Polish: nienawiść

Slovak: nenávisť

From *nenaviděti + *-tь, from *ne (“not”) + *naviděti, from *na (“on(to), in(to)”) + *viděti (“to see”).


retędzь

retędzь (nominative singular)
retędza (dual nominative)
retędzi (nominative plural)
retędza (genitive singular)
retędzu (dual genitive)
retędzь (genitive plural)
retędzu (dative singular)
retędzema (dative dual)
retędzemъ (dative plural)
retędzь (accusative singular)
retędza (accusative dual)
retędzę̇ (accusative plural)
retędzьmь (instrumental singular)
retędzemь (instrumental singular)
retędzema (dual instrumental)
retędzi (instrumental plural)
retędzi (locative singular)
retędzu (dual locative)
retędzixъ (locative plural)
retęže (singular vocative)
retędza (dual vocative)
retędzi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Ukrainian: ре́тязь (rétjazʹ)

West Slavic:

Czech: řetěz

Old Polish: rzeciądz

Polish: wrzeciądz

Slovak: reťaz

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: ŕeśaz

Upper Sorbian: rjećaz

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: retesz

→ Lithuanian: rẽtėžis

→ Romanian: retez

Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *rakentǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *reǵ- (“to bind”).


ryxlъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *ryxlъ (hard)

Definite declension of *ryxlъ (hard)

ryxlъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
ryxla (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
ryxlo (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
ryxla (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
ryxly (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
ryxla (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
ryxlu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
ryxlě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
ryxlu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
ryxlъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
ryxlǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
ryxlo (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
ryxlomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
ryxlojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
ryxlomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
ryxlě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
ryxlě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
ryxlě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
ryxle (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
ryxlo (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
ryxlo (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
ryxla (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
ryxlě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
ryxlě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
ryxlu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
ryxlu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
ryxlu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
ryxloma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
ryxlama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
ryxloma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
ryxla (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
ryxlě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
ryxlě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
ryxloma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
ryxlama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
ryxloma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
ryxlu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
ryxlu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
ryxlu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
ryxla (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
ryxlě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
ryxlě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
ryxli (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
ryxly (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
ryxla (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
ryxlъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
ryxlъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
ryxlъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
ryxlomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
ryxlamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
ryxlomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
ryxly (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
ryxly (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
ryxla (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
ryxly (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
ryxlami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
ryxly (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
ryxlěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
ryxlaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
ryxlěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
ryxli (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
ryxly (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
ryxla (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
ryxlъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
ryxlaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
ryxloje (definite neuter nominative singular)
ryxlajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
ryxlyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
ryxlajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
ryxlujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
ryxlěji (dative definite feminine singular)
ryxlujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
ryxlъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
ryxlǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
ryxloje (accusative definite neuter singular)
ryxlyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
ryxlǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
ryxlyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
ryxlějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
ryxlěji (definite feminine locative singular)
ryxlějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
ryxlъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
ryxlaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
ryxloje (definite neuter singular vocative)
ryxlaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
ryxlěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
ryxlěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
ryxluju (definite dual genitive masculine)
ryxluju (definite dual feminine genitive)
ryxluju (definite dual genitive neuter)
ryxlyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
ryxlyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
ryxlyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
ryxlaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
ryxlěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
ryxlěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
ryxlyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
ryxlyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
ryxlyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
ryxluju (definite dual locative masculine)
ryxluju (definite dual feminine locative)
ryxluju (definite dual locative neuter)
ryxlaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
ryxlěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
ryxlěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
ryxliji (definite masculine nominative plural)
ryxlyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
ryxlaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
ryxlъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
ryxlъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
ryxlъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
ryxlyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
ryxlyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
ryxlyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
ryxlyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
ryxlyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
ryxlaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
ryxlyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
ryxlyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
ryxlyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
ryxlyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
ryxlyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
ryxlyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
ryxliji (definite masculine plural vocative)
ryxlyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
ryxlaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: ры́хлый (rýxlyj)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: rëchłi (rare)

Old Czech: rychlý

Czech: rychlý

Polish: rychły

Slovak: rýchly

Related to *ruxъ. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rews-, extension of *h₃er-.


vьrsta

vьrsta (nominative singular)
vьrstě (dual nominative)
vьrsty (nominative plural)
vьrsty (genitive singular)
vьrstu (dual genitive)
vьrstъ (genitive plural)
vьrstě (dative singular)
vьrstama (dative dual)
vьrstamъ (dative plural)
vьrstǫ (accusative singular)
vьrstě (accusative dual)
vьrsty (accusative plural)
vьrstojǫ (instrumental singular)
vьrstǫ (instrumental singular)
vьrstama (dual instrumental)
vьrstami (instrumental plural)
vьrstě (locative singular)
vьrstu (dual locative)
vьrstasъ (locative plural)
vьrstaxъ (locative plural)
vьrsto (singular vocative)
vьrstě (dual vocative)
vьrsty (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: вьрста (vĭrsta)

Old Ruthenian: верста (versta)

Belarusian: вярста́ (vjarstá)

Ukrainian: верства́ (verstvá)

Russian: верста́ (verstá)

desc

→ Polish: wersta (obsolete), werstwa (obsolete), wiorsta

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: врьста (vrĭsta)

→ Romanian: vârstă

Bulgarian: връст (vrǎst) (dialectal)

Macedonian: врста (vrsta)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: вр́ста

Latin script: vŕsta

Slovene: vŕst (obsolete), vŕsta

West Slavic:

Kashubian: wiôrszta

Old Czech: vrstva
Czech: vrstva

Polish: warstwa

Silesian: wŏrsztwa

Slovak: vrstva

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: woršta

Lower Sorbian: warsta

Derived from Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn, rotate”). Akin to Lithuanian var̃stas.


kъrmiti

kъrmľenьje (noun-from-verb)
kъrmiti (infinitive)
kъrmitъ (supine)
kъrmilъ (l-participle)
kъrmľenъ (participle passive past)
kъrmimъ (participle passive present)
kъrmľь (active participle past)
kъrmę (active participle present)
kъrmixъ (aorist first-person singular)
kъrmi (aorist second-person singular)
kъrmi (aorist singular third-person)
kъrmľǫ (first-person present singular)
kъrmiši (present second-person singular)
kъrmitь (present singular third-person)
kъrmixově (aorist dual first-person)
kъrmista (aorist dual second-person)
kъrmiste (aorist dual third-person)
kъrmivě (dual first-person present)
kъrmita (dual present second-person)
kъrmite (dual present third-person)
kъrmixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
kъrmiste (aorist plural second-person)
kъrmišę (aorist plural third-person)
kъrmimъ (first-person plural present)
kъrmite (plural present second-person)
kъrmętь (plural present third-person)
kъrmľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
kъrmľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
kъrmľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
kъrmi (imperative second-person singular)
kъrmi (imperative singular third-person)
kъrmľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
kъrmľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
kъrmľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
kъrmivě (dual first-person imperative)
kъrmita (dual imperative second-person)
kъrmľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
kъrmľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
kъrmľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
kъrmimъ (first-person imperative plural)
kъrmite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: кармі́ць (karmícʹ)

Russian: корми́ть (kormítʹ)

Ukrainian: корми́ти (kormýty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: кръмити (krŭmiti)

Bulgarian: къ́рмя (kǎ́rmja)

Macedonian: крми (krmi)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: крмити

Latin script: krmiti

West Slavic:

Old Czech: krmiti

Czech: krmit

Polish: karmić

Slovak: kŕmiť

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: kormić

Lower Sorbian: kjarmiś


prijaznь

prijàznь (canonical feminine)
prijàznь (nominative singular)
prijazni (dual nominative)
prijazni (nominative plural)
prijazni (genitive singular)
prijaznьju (dual genitive)
prijaznьjь (genitive plural)
prijazni (dative singular)
prijaznьma (dative dual)
prijaznьmъ (dative plural)
prijàznь (accusative singular)
prijazni (accusative dual)
prijazni (accusative plural)
prijaznьjǫ (instrumental singular)
prijaznьma (dual instrumental)
prijaznьmi (instrumental plural)
prijazni (locative singular)
prijaznьju (dual locative)
prijaznьxъ (locative plural)
prijazni (singular vocative)
prijazni (dual vocative)
prijazni (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: приꙗзнь (prijaznĭ)

Russian: прия́знь (prijáznʹ)

Ukrainian: прия́знь (pryjáznʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: приꙗзнь (prijaznĭ)

Slovene: prijázən (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: přiezn

Czech: přízeň

Old Polish: przyjaźń

Polish: przyjaźń

Slovak: priazeň

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: pśijazń


trudьnъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *trudьnъ (hard)

Definite declension of *trudьnъ (hard)

trudьnъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
trudьna (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
trudьno (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
trudьna (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
trudьny (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
trudьna (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
trudьnu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
trudьně (dative feminine indefinite singular)
trudьnu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
trudьnъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
trudьnǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
trudьno (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
trudьnomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
trudьnojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
trudьnomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
trudьně (indefinite locative masculine singular)
trudьně (feminine indefinite locative singular)
trudьně (indefinite locative neuter singular)
trudьne (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
trudьno (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
trudьno (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
trudьna (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
trudьně (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
trudьně (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
trudьnu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
trudьnu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
trudьnu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
trudьnoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
trudьnama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
trudьnoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
trudьna (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
trudьně (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
trudьně (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
trudьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
trudьnama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
trudьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
trudьnu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
trudьnu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
trudьnu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
trudьna (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
trudьně (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
trudьně (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
trudьni (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
trudьny (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
trudьna (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
trudьnъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
trudьnъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
trudьnъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
trudьnomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
trudьnamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
trudьnomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
trudьny (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
trudьny (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
trudьna (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
trudьny (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
trudьnami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
trudьny (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
trudьněxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
trudьnaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
trudьněxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
trudьni (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
trudьny (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
trudьna (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
trudьnъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
trudьnaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
trudьnoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
trudьnajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
trudьnyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
trudьnajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
trudьnujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
trudьněji (dative definite feminine singular)
trudьnujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
trudьnъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
trudьnǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
trudьnoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
trudьnyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
trudьnǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
trudьnyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
trudьnějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
trudьněji (definite feminine locative singular)
trudьnějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
trudьnъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
trudьnaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
trudьnoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
trudьnaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
trudьněji (definite dual feminine nominative)
trudьněji (definite dual neuter nominative)
trudьnuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
trudьnuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
trudьnuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
trudьnyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
trudьnyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
trudьnyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
trudьnaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
trudьněji (accusative definite dual feminine)
trudьněji (accusative definite dual neuter)
trudьnyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
trudьnyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
trudьnyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
trudьnuju (definite dual locative masculine)
trudьnuju (definite dual feminine locative)
trudьnuju (definite dual locative neuter)
trudьnaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
trudьněji (definite dual feminine vocative)
trudьněji (definite dual neuter vocative)
trudьniji (definite masculine nominative plural)
trudьnyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
trudьnaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
trudьnъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
trudьnъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
trudьnъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
trudьnyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
trudьnyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
trudьnyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
trudьnyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
trudьnyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
trudьnaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
trudьnyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
trudьnyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
trudьnyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
trudьnyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
trudьnyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
trudьnyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
trudьniji (definite masculine plural vocative)
trudьnyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
trudьnaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: тру́дны (trúdny)

Russian: тру́дный (trúdnyj)

Ukrainian: трудни́й (trudnýj)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: тру́ден (trúden)

Macedonian: труден (truden)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тру́дан

Latin script: trúdan

Slovene: trúden

West Slavic:

Old Czech: trudný
Czech: trudný

desctree

Old Polish: trudny
Polish: trudny
Silesian: trudny

Old Slovak: trudný
Slovak: trudný

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: trëdny


orstiti

orsťenьje (noun-from-verb)
orstiti (infinitive)
orstitъ (supine)
orstilъ (l-participle)
orsťenъ (participle passive past)
orstimъ (participle passive present)
orsťь (active participle past)
orstę (active participle present)
orstixъ (aorist first-person singular)
orsti (aorist second-person singular)
orsti (aorist singular third-person)
orsťǫ (first-person present singular)
orstiši (present second-person singular)
orstitь (present singular third-person)
orstixově (aorist dual first-person)
orstista (aorist dual second-person)
orstiste (aorist dual third-person)
orstivě (dual first-person present)
orstita (dual present second-person)
orstite (dual present third-person)
orstixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
orstiste (aorist plural second-person)
orstišę (aorist plural third-person)
orstimъ (first-person plural present)
orstite (plural present second-person)
orstętь (plural present third-person)
orsťaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
orsťaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
orsťaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
orsti (imperative second-person singular)
orsti (imperative singular third-person)
orsťaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
orsťaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
orsťaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
orstivě (dual first-person imperative)
orstita (dual imperative second-person)
orsťaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
orsťaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
orsťaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
orstimъ (first-person imperative plural)
orstite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic

Belarusian: расці́ць (rascícʹ)

Russian: расти́ть (rastítʹ)

Ukrainian: рости́ти (rostýty)

South Slavic

Old Church Slavonic: растити (rastiti)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: растити

Latin script: rastiti

Slovene: rastiti (obsolete)

West Slavic

Czech: rostiti (rare)

desc

Old Polish: rościć się (“to multiply, proliferate”)

Polish: rościć (“to arrogate”)

(transitive) to grow (to cause or allow to become bigger)