jistъ

jìstъ (canonical)
jistъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
jista (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
jisto (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
jista (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
jisty (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
jista (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
jistu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
jistě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
jistu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
jistъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
jistǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
jisto (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
jistomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
jistojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
jistomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
jistě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
jistě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
jistě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
jiste (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
jisto (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
jisto (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
jista (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
jistě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
jistě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
jistu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
jistu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
jistu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
jistoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
jistama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
jistoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
jista (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
jistě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
jistě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
jistoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
jistama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
jistoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
jistu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
jistu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
jistu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
jista (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
jistě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
jistě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
jisti (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
jisty (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
jista (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
jistъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
jistъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
jistъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
jistomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
jistamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
jistomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
jisty (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
jisty (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
jista (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
jisty (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
jistami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
jisty (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
jistěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
jistaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
jistěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
jisti (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
jisty (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
jista (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
jistъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
jistaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
jistoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
jistajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
jistyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
jistajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
jistujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
jistěji (dative definite feminine singular)
jistujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
jistъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
jistǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
jistoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
jistyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
jistǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
jistyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
jistějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
jistěji (definite feminine locative singular)
jistějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
jistъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
jistaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
jistoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
jistaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
jistěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
jistěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
jistuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
jistuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
jistuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
jistyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
jistyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
jistyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
jistaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
jistěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
jistěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
jistyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
jistyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
jistyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
jistuju (definite dual locative masculine)
jistuju (definite dual feminine locative)
jistuju (definite dual locative neuter)
jistaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
jistěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
jistěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
jistiji (definite masculine nominative plural)
jistyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
jistaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
jistъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
jistъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
jistъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
jistyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
jistyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
jistyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
jistyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
jistyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
jistaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
jistyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
jistyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
jistyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
jistyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
jistyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
jistyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
jistiji (definite masculine plural vocative)
jistyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
jistaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *jistъ (hard)

Definite declension of *jistъ (hard)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: истъ (istŭ)

Old Ruthenian: истый (istyj)

Ukrainian: істи́й (istýj)

desc

Russian: и́стый (ístyj, “true, real”) (rare)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: истъ (istŭ, “true, real”)

Bulgarian: ист (ist), и́сти (ísti, “the same”) (obsolete)

⇒ Bulgarian: и́стински (ístinski, “true, real”)

Macedonian: ист (ist, “the same”)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: и̏стӣ (“the same”)

Latin script: ȉstī (“the same”)

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: ȋsti (“the same”) (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jistý

Czech: jistý (“certain”)

Old Polish: isty

Polish: isty

Silesian: isty

Old Slovak: istý

Pannonian Rusyn: исти (isti)

Slovak: istý

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: jisty, wěsty

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ī́ˀstas, cognate with Latvian ĩsts (“true”) (whence also ĩstens, ĩstans), as well as Latin Istaevōnēs (name of an ancient Germanic tribe). Further origin uncertain:
* Vasmer relates Latvian īksts, Lithuanian áiškus (“clear”) (also attested as ýškus, éiškus, ýskus, ìščias), Old Armenian իսկ (isk, “in reality”), which are in turn related to Proto-Slavic *ěsnъ (“clear”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ey- (“to prompt, to gauge”) whence (amongst others) Ancient Greek αἰτῐ́ᾱ (aitíā, “cause, reason”).
* Stang proposes a connection to Sanskrit ईशे (ī́śe, “I am in possession”), ईशान m (īśāná, “lord, wealthy”), Proto-Germanic *aiganaz (“own”) (Gothic 𐌰𐌹𐌲𐌹𐌽 n (aigin, “property”), 𐌰𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌽 (aigan, “to own, to have”), Old High German eigan (“own”), English own). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyḱ- (“to possess”).
* Toporov, Trubačev consider primary meaning "same", perhaps cognate with Latin iste (“that (of yours)”), from Proto-Indo-European *ís (referential particle) + *tó (“the, that”)
* Meillet, Snoj suggest derivation from pre-Slavic *ēisth₂os < *h₁ēi (augment, loc. case) + *-stъ.


trǫtъ

trǫtъ (nominative singular)
trǫta (dual nominative)
trǫti (nominative plural)
trǫta (genitive singular)
trǫtu (dual genitive)
trǫtъ (genitive plural)
trǫtu (dative singular)
trǫtoma (dative dual)
trǫtomъ (dative plural)
trǫtъ (accusative singular)
trǫta (accusative dual)
trǫty (accusative plural)
trǫtъmь (instrumental singular)
trǫtomь (instrumental singular)
trǫtoma (dual instrumental)
trǫty (instrumental plural)
trǫtě (locative singular)
trǫtu (dual locative)
trǫtěxъ (locative plural)
trǫte (singular vocative)
trǫta (dual vocative)
trǫti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

⇒ Belarusian: тру́цень (trúcjenʹ)

⇒ Russian: тру́тень (trútenʹ)

⇒ Ukrainian: тру́тень (trútenʹ)

South Slavic:

⇒ Bulgarian: търтей (tǎrtej)

⇒ Macedonian: трут (trut)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тру̑т

Latin script: trȗt

Slovene: trọ̑t

West Slavic:

Old Czech: trúp

Czech: troup (“fool”)

⇒ Czech: trubec (“drone”)

Old Polish: trąd

Polish: trąd

⇒ Polish: trucień; truteń

Silesian: trōnt

Slovak: trúd

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: tšut

Upper Sorbian: truta

Per Vasmer and Pokorny, perhaps ultimately from imitative Proto-Indo-European *dʰrēu- (“to drone”). Cognates include Lithuanian trãnas (“drone”), Latvian trans (“drone”).

onomatopoeic

imitative


trupъ

trȗpъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
trȗpъ (nominative singular)
trȗpa (dual nominative)
trȗpi (nominative plural)
trȗpa (genitive singular)
trupù (dual genitive)
trũpъ (genitive plural)
trȗpu (dative singular)
trupomà (dative dual)
trupòmъ (dative plural)
trȗpъ (accusative singular)
trȗpa (accusative dual)
trȗpy (accusative plural)
trȗpъmь (instrumental singular)
trȗpomь (instrumental singular)
trupomà (dual instrumental)
trupý (instrumental plural)
trȗpě (locative singular)
trupù (dual locative)
trupě̃xъ (locative plural)
trupe (singular vocative)
trȗpa (dual vocative)
trȗpi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: трупъ (trupŭ)

Old Ruthenian: трупъ (trup)

Belarusian: труп (trup)

Ukrainian: труп (trup)

Middle Russian: трупъ (trup)

Russian: труп (trup)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: троупъ (trupŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱅⱃⱆⱂⱏ (trupŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тру̑п

Latin script: trȗp

Slovene: trȗp

→ Slovak: trup

→ Czech: trup

West Slavic:

Old Czech: trúp

Kashubian: trup

Old Polish: trup

Polish: trup

Other:

→ Albanian: trup

→ Megleno-Romanian: trup

→ Romanian: trup

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *traupás. Cognate with Lithuanian traupùs (“fragile, brittle”).


tvarь

tvȃrь (canonical feminine)
c (accent-paradigm)
tvȃrь (nominative singular)
tvȃri (dual nominative)
tvȃri (nominative plural)
tvarí (genitive singular)
tvarьjù (dual genitive)
tvarь̀jь (genitive plural)
tvȃri (dative singular)
tvarьmà (dative dual)
tvȃrьmъ (dative plural)
tvȃrь (accusative singular)
tvȃri (accusative dual)
tvȃri (accusative plural)
tvarьjǫ́ (instrumental singular)
tvarьmà (dual instrumental)
tvarьmì (instrumental plural)
tvarí (locative singular)
tvarьjù (dual locative)
tvȃrьxъ (locative plural)
tvari (singular vocative)
tvȃri (dual vocative)
tvȃri (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: тварь (tvarĭ)

Old Ruthenian: тваръ (tvar)

Belarusian: твар (tvar, “face”)

Ukrainian: твар (tvar, “face”)

Russian: тварь (tvarʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⱅⰲⰰⱃⱐ (tvarĭ)

Old Cyrillic script: тварь (tvarĭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тва̑р

Latin script: tvȃr

West Slavic:

Kashubian: twôrz

Old Czech: tvář
Czech: tvář

desctree

Old Polish: twarz
Polish: twarz
Silesian: twŏrz

Slovak: tvár (“face”)

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: twaŕ

Upper Sorbian: twaŕ

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *twōrˀ-, from Proto-Indo-European *twōrH-, equivalent to *tvoriti + *-ь. Cognate with Lithuanian tvorà (“fence”).


želǫdъkъ

želǫdъkъ (nominative singular)
želǫdъka (dual nominative)
želǫdъci (nominative plural)
želǫdъka (genitive singular)
želǫdъku (dual genitive)
želǫdъkъ (genitive plural)
želǫdъku (dative singular)
želǫdъkoma (dative dual)
želǫdъkomъ (dative plural)
želǫdъkъ (accusative singular)
želǫdъka (accusative dual)
želǫdъky (accusative plural)
želǫdъkъmь (instrumental singular)
želǫdъkomь (instrumental singular)
želǫdъkoma (dual instrumental)
želǫdъky (instrumental plural)
želǫdъcě (locative singular)
želǫdъku (dual locative)
želǫdъcěxъ (locative plural)
želǫdъče (singular vocative)
želǫdъka (dual vocative)
želǫdъci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: жалу́дак (žalúdak) (dialectal)

Russian: желу́док (želúdok)

Carpathian Rusyn: жалу́док (žalúdok)

Ukrainian: желу́док (želúdok) (dialectal), жолу́док (žolúdok) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

desc

Old Cyrillic script: желѫдъкъ (želǫdŭkŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰶⰵⰾⱘⰴⱏⰽⱏ (želǫdŭkŭ)

Bulgarian: желъ́дък (želǎ́dǎk) (rare)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: želudek

Czech: žaludek

Old Polish: żołądek

Polish: żołądek

Slovak: žalúdok

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: žołdk

Lower Sorbian: žołdk

From *želǫdьcь

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: жѐлудац

Latin script: žèludac

Slovene: želôdec

From *želǫdьnikъ

Macedonian: желудник (želudnik)

According to Deborah Hayden and David Stifter, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰelH-end- from *gʰelH- (“digestive organ, stomach”), related to Ancient Greek χολάδες (kholádes, “intestines”), Ancient Macedonian γόλα (góla, “intestines”), Old Irish eclas (“stomach, gizzard”), Breton elaz (“gizzard”).


klětь

klě̑tь (canonical feminine)
c (accent-paradigm)
klě̑tь (nominative singular)
klě̑ti (dual nominative)
klě̑ti (nominative plural)
klětí (genitive singular)
klětьjù (dual genitive)
klětь̀jь (genitive plural)
klě̑ti (dative singular)
klětьmà (dative dual)
klě̑tьmъ (dative plural)
klě̑tь (accusative singular)
klě̑ti (accusative dual)
klě̑ti (accusative plural)
klětьjǫ́ (instrumental singular)
klětьmà (dual instrumental)
klětьmì (instrumental plural)
klětí (locative singular)
klětьjù (dual locative)
klě̑tьxъ (locative plural)
klěti (singular vocative)
klě̑ti (dual vocative)
klě̑ti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: клѣть (klětĭ)

Belarusian: клець (kljecʹ)

Russian: клеть (kletʹ)

Ukrainian: кліть (klitʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: клѣть (klětĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰽⰾⱑⱅⱐ (klětĭ)

Bulgarian: клет (klet)

Macedonian: клет (klet), клед (kled)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кли̏јет, Cyrillic script: крлетка

Latin script: klȉjet, Latin script: krletka

Slovene: klẹ̑t (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: klec, Czech: kleť

Polish: kleć

→? German: Klitsche

Non-Slavic:

→ Medieval Latin: clēda

→ Middle High German: glēt, klēt m

Yiddish: קלייט f (kleyt)

Baltic and East Prussian German: Klete, Kleete f

→ Middle Low German: klêt, kleit m

Akin to Latvian klẽts (“barn”), Lithuanian klė́tis (“barn”), Old Prussian clenan. Either:
* From an earlier *klḗˀtis, cognate with the Baltic terms; perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *kelH- (“to rise”). In this case, one would expect fixed accent (AP A).
* From an earlier *klaitís, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱley- (“to cover”), with Baltic words borrowed from Slavic. Further akin to Proto-Indo-European *ḱléytreh₂ (“shelter”), Lithuanian klaĩmas (“sty”), Proto-Slavic *xlěvъ (“pen, fold”) (Germanic loanword). Disputed by Vasmer and Derksen.

the commonality in all the descendants, including some derived terms (closet, hut, cabin, cage, granary, cellar, barn), is that of a 'closed space'


brьvьno

brьvьnò (canonical neuter)
b (accent-paradigm)
brьvьnò (nominative singular)
brьvь̀ně (dual nominative)
brьvьnà (nominative plural)
brьvьnà (genitive singular)
brьvьnù (dual genitive)
brьvь̀nъ (genitive plural)
brьvьnù (dative singular)
brьvьnòma (dative dual)
brьvьnòmъ (dative plural)
brьvьnò (accusative singular)
brьvь̀ně (accusative dual)
brьvьnà (accusative plural)
brьvьnъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
brьvьnòmь (instrumental singular)
brьvьnòma (dual instrumental)
brьvь̀ny (instrumental plural)
brьvьně̀ (locative singular)
brьvьnù (dual locative)
brьvь̀něxъ (locative plural)
brьvьnò (singular vocative)
brьvь̀ně (dual vocative)
brьvьnà (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: бьрьвьно (bĭrĭvĭno)

Belarusian: бервяно́ (bjervjanó)

Russian: бревно́ (brevnó)

desc

Ukrainian: бервено́ (bervenó) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: брьвьно (brĭvĭno)

Bulgarian: бръвно (brǎvno) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бр́вно

Latin script: brvno

Slovene: bȓvno

West Slavic:

Old Czech: břevno

Czech: břevno

Old Polish: biermo, birwno, birzmno, birzmo, birzwno

Slovak: brvno

*bry + *-ьno with distant assimilation: *ъ-ь > *ь-ь; originally an adjective. Compare Icelandic brú and brún.


cěliti

cělìti (canonical)
c (accent-paradigm)
cěľenьje (noun-from-verb)
cěliti (infinitive)
cělitъ (supine)
cělilъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
cěľenъ (participle passive past)
cělimъ (participle passive present)
cěľь (active participle past)
cělę (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
cělixъ (aorist first-person singular)
cěli (aorist second-person singular)
cěli (aorist singular third-person)
cěľǫ (first-person present singular)
cěliši (present second-person singular)
cělitь (present singular third-person)
cělixově (aorist dual first-person)
cělista (aorist dual second-person)
cěliste (aorist dual third-person)
cělivě (dual first-person present)
cělita (dual present second-person)
cělite (dual present third-person)
cělixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
cěliste (aorist plural second-person)
cělišę (aorist plural third-person)
cělimъ (first-person plural present)
cělite (plural present second-person)
cělętь (plural present third-person)
cěľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
cěľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
cěľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
cěli (imperative second-person singular)
cěli (imperative singular third-person)
cěľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
cěľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
cěľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
cělivě (dual first-person imperative)
cělita (dual imperative second-person)
cěľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
cěľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
cěľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
cělimъ (first-person imperative plural)
cělite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: цѣлити (cěliti)

Belarusian: целі́ць (cjelícʹ)

Russian: цели́ть (celítʹ)

Ukrainian: ціли́ти (cilýty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: цѣлити (cěliti)

Bulgarian: целя́ (celjá)

⇒ Macedonian: и́сцели (ísceli)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: це́лити, ције́лити

Cyrillic script: це́лити, ције́лити

Latin script: céliti, cijéliti

Slovene: cẹ́liti

West Slavic:

Czech: celit (archaic)

Old Polish: celić

Polish: calić (obsolete)

⇒ Polish: ocalić (“to save”)

Slovak: celiť

From *cělъ + *-iti. Compare Proto-Germanic *hailijaną (< *hailaz).


bъrtь

bъrtь (nominative singular)
bъrti (dual nominative)
bъrti (nominative plural)
bъrti (genitive singular)
bъrtьju (dual genitive)
bъrťu (dual genitive)
bъrtьjь (genitive plural)
bъrti (genitive plural)
bъrti (dative singular)
bъrtьma (dative dual)
bъrtьmъ (dative plural)
bъrtь (accusative singular)
bъrti (accusative dual)
bъrti (accusative plural)
bъrtьjǫ (instrumental singular)
bъrťǫ (instrumental singular)
bъrtьma (dual instrumental)
bъrtьmi (instrumental plural)
bъrti (locative singular)
bъrtьju (dual locative)
bъrťu (dual locative)
bъrtьxъ (locative plural)
bъrti (singular vocative)
bъrti (dual vocative)
bъrti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: бърть (bŭrtĭ), борть (bortĭ)

Belarusian: борть (bortʹ)

Russian: борть (bortʹ)

Ukrainian: борть (bortʹ)

South Slavic:

Slovene: brt (possibly via Czech)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: brt f

Czech: brť

Kashubian: barc

Old Polish: barć
Polish: barć

Slovak: brt

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *búrˀtis, *búrˀtas, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“to bore, to drill”) + *-tь. Cognate with Latvian burts (“letter, mark”), Lithuanian bùrtas (“lot”), bùrtis (“sign”). Further related to Latin forāmen (“opening”).


dělitьba

dělitьba (nominative singular)
dělitьbě (dual nominative)
dělitьby (nominative plural)
dělitьby (genitive singular)
dělitьbu (dual genitive)
dělitьbъ (genitive plural)
dělitьbě (dative singular)
dělitьbama (dative dual)
dělitьbamъ (dative plural)
dělitьbǫ (accusative singular)
dělitьbě (accusative dual)
dělitьby (accusative plural)
dělitьbojǫ (instrumental singular)
dělitьbǫ (instrumental singular)
dělitьbama (dual instrumental)
dělitьbami (instrumental plural)
dělitьbě (locative singular)
dělitьbu (dual locative)
dělitьbasъ (locative plural)
dělitьbaxъ (locative plural)
dělitьbo (singular vocative)
dělitьbě (dual vocative)
dělitьby (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: дели́тьба (delítʹba)

South Slavic:

desc

Bulgarian: дели́тба (delítba), дели́дба (delídba)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: дѐлидба, дјѐлидба

West Slavic:

Czech: dělitba


obutělь

obutělь (nominative singular)
obutěli (dual nominative)
obutěli (nominative plural)
obutěli (genitive singular)
obutělьju (dual genitive)
obutělьjь (genitive plural)
obutěli (dative singular)
obutělьma (dative dual)
obutělьmъ (dative plural)
obutělь (accusative singular)
obutěli (accusative dual)
obutěli (accusative plural)
obutělьjǫ (instrumental singular)
obutělьma (dual instrumental)
obutělьmi (instrumental plural)
obutěli (locative singular)
obutělьju (dual locative)
obutělьxъ (locative plural)
obutěli (singular vocative)
obutěli (dual vocative)
obutěli (plural vocative)

Church Slavonic: обоутѣль f (obutělĭ)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: обутѣль (obutělĭ)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: obuteᶅ f

Slovene: obútel f

West Slavic: —


mytělь

mytělь (nominative singular)
mytěli (dual nominative)
mytěli (nominative plural)
mytěli (genitive singular)
mytělьju (dual genitive)
mytělьjь (genitive plural)
mytěli (dative singular)
mytělьma (dative dual)
mytělьmъ (dative plural)
mytělь (accusative singular)
mytěli (accusative dual)
mytěli (accusative plural)
mytělьjǫ (instrumental singular)
mytělьma (dual instrumental)
mytělьmi (instrumental plural)
mytěli (locative singular)
mytělьju (dual locative)
mytělьxъ (locative plural)
mytěli (singular vocative)
mytěli (dual vocative)
mytěli (plural vocative)

Church Slavonic: мꙑтѣль f (mytělĭ)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: мꙑтель f (mytelĭ)

Ukrainian: ми́тель m (mýtelʹ), ми́тіль (mýtilʹ), микіль (mykilʹ)

South Slavic: —

West Slavic:

Old Czech: mýtěl f

Czech: mytel m, meytel f, mýtel, mejtel

Old Polish: myciel

Polish: myciel


-ělь

-ělь (nominative singular)
-ěli (dual nominative)
-ěli (nominative plural)
-ěli (genitive singular)
-ělьju (dual genitive)
-ělьjь (genitive plural)
-ěli (dative singular)
-ělьma (dative dual)
-ělьmъ (dative plural)
-ělь (accusative singular)
-ěli (accusative dual)
-ěli (accusative plural)
-ělьjǫ (instrumental singular)
-ělьma (dual instrumental)
-ělьmi (instrumental plural)
-ěli (locative singular)
-ělьju (dual locative)
-ělьxъ (locative plural)
-ěli (singular vocative)
-ěli (dual vocative)
-ěli (plural vocative)

Old Church Slavonic: -ѣль (-ělĭ)

Russian: -ель (-elʹ)

Ukrainian: -іль (-ilʹ)

An addition of *-lь to a stem extension *-ē, possibly the same one found in the imperfect.

mytělь ← *myti

obutělь ← *obuti

Category:Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -V-

obrětělь ← *obrěsti

pečalь ← *peťi

gybělь ← *gynǫti

obitělь ← *obitati

svirělь ← *svirati

piščalь ← *piščati, *piskati

kapělь ← *kapati

glǫbělь ← *glǫbati


gybělь

gybělь (nominative singular)
gyběli (dual nominative)
gyběli (nominative plural)
gyběli (genitive singular)
gybělьju (dual genitive)
gybělьjь (genitive plural)
gyběli (dative singular)
gybělьma (dative dual)
gybělьmъ (dative plural)
gybělь (accusative singular)
gyběli (accusative dual)
gyběli (accusative plural)
gybělьjǫ (instrumental singular)
gybělьma (dual instrumental)
gybělьmi (instrumental plural)
gyběli (locative singular)
gybělьju (dual locative)
gybělьxъ (locative plural)
gyběli (singular vocative)
gyběli (dual vocative)
gyběli (plural vocative)

Church Slavonic: гꙑбель (gybelĭ) (Russian)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: гꙑбель (gybelĭ)

Belarusian: гі́бель f (híbjelʹ)

Russian: ги́бель f (gíbelʹ)

Ukrainian: ги́бель f (hýbelʹ), ги́біль (hýbilʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: гꙑбѣль f (gybělĭ)

Bulgarian: ги́бел f (gíbel), гыбе́лъ (gybél)

Macedonian: гибел f (gibel)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ги́бељ f

West Slavic: —


bodačь

bodačь (nominative singular)
bodača (dual nominative)
bodači (nominative plural)
bodača (genitive singular)
bodaču (dual genitive)
bodačь (genitive plural)
bodaču (dative singular)
bodačema (dative dual)
bodačemъ (dative plural)
bodačь (accusative singular)
bodača (accusative dual)
bodačę̇ (accusative plural)
bodačьmь (instrumental singular)
bodačemь (instrumental singular)
bodačema (dual instrumental)
bodači (instrumental plural)
bodači (locative singular)
bodaču (dual locative)
bodačixъ (locative plural)
bodaču (singular vocative)
bodača (dual vocative)
bodači (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бо̀да̑ч

Slovene: bodáč

From *bodati + *-čь or from *bosti + *-ačь.


blьknǫti

blьknovenьje (noun-from-verb)
blьknǫti (infinitive)
blьknǫtъ (supine)
blьknǫlъ (l-participle)
blьknovenъ (participle passive past)
blьknomъ (participle passive present)
blьknǫvъ (active participle past)
blьkny (active participle present)
blьknǫxъ (aorist first-person singular)
blьknǫ (aorist second-person singular)
blьknǫ (aorist singular third-person)
blьknǫ (first-person present singular)
blьkneši (present second-person singular)
blьknetь (present singular third-person)
blьknǫxově (aorist dual first-person)
blьknǫsta (aorist dual second-person)
blьknǫste (aorist dual third-person)
blьknevě (dual first-person present)
blьkneta (dual present second-person)
blьknete (dual present third-person)
blьknǫxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
blьknǫste (aorist plural second-person)
blьknǫšę (aorist plural third-person)
blьknemъ (first-person plural present)
blьknete (plural present second-person)
blьknǫtь (plural present third-person)
blьkněaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
blьkněaše (imperfect second-person singular)
blьkněaše (imperfect singular third-person)
blьkni (imperative second-person singular)
blьkni (imperative singular third-person)
blьkněaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
blьkněašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
blьkněašete (dual imperfect third-person)
blьkněvě (dual first-person imperative)
blьkněta (dual imperative second-person)
blьkněaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
blьkněašete (imperfect plural second-person)
blьkněaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
blьkněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
blьkněte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: блякнуць (bljaknucʹ)

Russian: блёкнуть (bljóknutʹ)

Ukrainian: бле́кнути (bléknuty) (obsolete)

West Slavic:

Polish: blaknąć

→ Ukrainian: бля́кнути (bljáknuty)

Uncertain. Common theories include:
* Related to Lithuanian blùkti (“to weaken”) and, possibly, Latin flaccus (“flaccid”).
* Related to Lithuanian nubliẽkti (“to fade”).
The descended terms have also been proposed to be borrowed from a Germanic language, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *blaikijaną (“to bleach”), supported by the terms' relatively late attestations.


asenь

àsenь (canonical masculine)
a (accent-paradigm)
àsenь (nominative singular)
àseni (dual nominative)
àsenьjē (nominative plural)
àsenī (genitive singular)
àsenьju (dual genitive)
àsenьjь (genitive plural)
àseni (dative singular)
àsenьma (dative dual)
àsenьmъ (dative plural)
àsenь (accusative singular)
àseni (accusative dual)
àseni (accusative plural)
àsenьmь (instrumental singular)
àsenьma (dual instrumental)
àsenьmī (instrumental plural)
àsenī (locative singular)
àsenьju (dual locative)
àsenьxъ (locative plural)
aseni (singular vocative)
àseni (dual vocative)
àsenьjē (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old Ruthenian: ꙗ́сень (jásenʹ)
Belarusian: я́сень (jásjenʹ)
Carpathian Rusyn: я́сїнь (jásjinʹ)
Ukrainian: я́сень (jásenʹ); я́сінь (jásinʹ) (dialectal)

Russian: я́сень (jásenʹ)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: я́сен (jásen)

Macedonian: јасен (jasen)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ја̏се̄н

Latin script: jȁsēn

Slovene: jásen (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: jasan

Bohemian (Chod dialect): jesan

Kashubian: jasón

Polabian: josin

Polish: jesion

Slovak: jaseň

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: jaseń

Lower Sorbian: jaseń


blęsti

blęstì (canonical)
c (accent-paradigm)
blędenьje (noun-from-verb)
blęsti (infinitive)
blęstъ (supine)
blędlъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
blędъ (active participle past)
blędy (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
blędъ (aorist first-person singular)
blędoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
blęde (aorist second-person singular)
blęde (aorist singular third-person)
blędǫ (first-person present singular)
blędeši (present second-person singular)
blędetь (present singular third-person)
blędově (aorist dual first-person)
blędoxově (aorist dual first-person)
blędeta (aorist dual second-person)
blędosta (aorist dual second-person)
blędete (aorist dual third-person)
blędoste (aorist dual third-person)
blędevě (dual first-person present)
blędeta (dual present second-person)
blędete (dual present third-person)
blędomъ (aorist first-person plural)
blędoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
blędete (aorist plural second-person)
blędoste (aorist plural second-person)
blędǫ (aorist plural third-person)
blędošę (aorist plural third-person)
blędemъ (first-person plural present)
blędete (plural present second-person)
blędǫtь (plural present third-person)
blęděaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
blęděaše (imperfect second-person singular)
blęděaše (imperfect singular third-person)
blędi (imperative second-person singular)
blędi (imperative singular third-person)
blęděaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
blęděašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
blęděašete (dual imperfect third-person)
blęděvě (dual first-person imperative)
blęděta (dual imperative second-person)
blęděaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
blęděašete (imperfect plural second-person)
blęděaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
blęděmъ (first-person imperative plural)
blęděte (imperative plural second-person)

Marko Snoj
Rick Derksen
uk:Гринчишин Дмитро Григорович

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: блѧсти

Old Ukrainian: блѧсти (bljasti) (early 17th cent.)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: блѧсти

Glagolitic script: ⰱⰾⱔⱄⱅⰺ (blęsti)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: блести (obsolete)

Latin script: blesti (obsolete)

Slovene: blésti

West Slavic:

Old Czech: blésti

Polish: blęść (dialectal)

Per Fraenkel, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *blenstei, typically derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰlendʰ- (“to blend, to stir”). Baltic cognates include Lithuanian blę̃sti (“to add ingredients and stir; to babble nonsense”), possibly Latvian bliêzt (“to struggle to perceive”).
Alternative hypotheses suggest expressive or onomatopoeic origin:
* Machek: Related to Lithuanian blódėti (“to babble”), Latvian bladēt (“id.”), possible also Ancient Greek φλέδων (phlédōn, “babbler”), φληνύω (phlēnúō, “to babble”) (per Beekes, probably of Pre-Greek origin).
* Seebold: From Proto-Indo-European *mlendʰ-, an extention of *(s)mel- (“false, erroneous”) (whence Lithuanian mẽlas (“lie”)) or *melh₂- (“to grind”).

cog

(perhaps originally) to blend words → to confuse, to perplex


blǫditi

blǭdìti (canonical imperfective)
b (accent-paradigm)
blǫďenьje (noun-from-verb)
blǫditi (infinitive)
blǫditъ (supine)
blǫdilъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
blǫďenъ (participle passive past)
blǫdimъ (participle passive present)
blǫďь (active participle past)
blǫdę (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
blǫdixъ (aorist first-person singular)
blǫdi (aorist second-person singular)
blǫdi (aorist singular third-person)
blǫďǫ (first-person present singular)
blǫdiši (present second-person singular)
blǫditь (present singular third-person)
blǫdixově (aorist dual first-person)
blǫdista (aorist dual second-person)
blǫdiste (aorist dual third-person)
blǫdivě (dual first-person present)
blǫdita (dual present second-person)
blǫdite (dual present third-person)
blǫdixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
blǫdiste (aorist plural second-person)
blǫdišę (aorist plural third-person)
blǫdimъ (first-person plural present)
blǫdite (plural present second-person)
blǫdętь (plural present third-person)
blǫďaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
blǫďaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
blǫďaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
blǫdi (imperative second-person singular)
blǫdi (imperative singular third-person)
blǫďaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
blǫďaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
blǫďaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
blǫdivě (dual first-person imperative)
blǫdita (dual imperative second-person)
blǫďaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
blǫďaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
blǫďaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
blǫdimъ (first-person imperative plural)
blǫdite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: блѫдити (blǫditi)

Old Ruthenian: блуди́ти (bludíti)

Belarusian: блудзі́ць (bludzícʹ)

Ukrainian: блуди́ти (bludýty)

Russian: блуди́ть (bludítʹ)

Old Novgorodian: блодити (bloditi)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: блѫдити (blǫditi)

Glagolitic script: ⰱⰾⱘⰴⰻⱅⰻ (blǫditi)

Bulgarian: блъдя́ (blǎdjá)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: блудити

Latin script: bluditi

Slovene: blodíti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: blúditi

Czech: bloudit

Polabian: blǫdĕt

Old Polish: błądzić

Polish: błądzić

Slovak: blúdiť

West Slavic:

Kashubian: błãdzëc

Slovincian: blõdzëc

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: błuźiś

Upper Sorbian: błudzić

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *blándīˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰlondʰ-éye-ti, from *bʰlendʰ- (“to blend, mix up”). Cognate with Latvian bluôdîtiês (“to roam, be ashamed”), blàndîtiês (“to roam”), Lithuanian blandýtis (“to clear up, become cloudy, recover, roam”), Proto-Germanic *blandaną.


bľьvati

c (accent-paradigm)
bľьvanьje (noun-from-verb)
bľьvati (infinitive)
bľьvatъ (supine)
bľьvalъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
bľьvanъ (participle passive past)
bľujemъ (participle passive present)
bľьvavъ (active participle past)
bľuję (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
bľьvaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
bľьva (aorist second-person singular)
bľьva (aorist singular third-person)
bľujǫ (first-person present singular)
bľuješi (present second-person singular)
bľujetь (present singular third-person)
bľьvaxově (aorist dual first-person)
bľьvasta (aorist dual second-person)
bľьvaste (aorist dual third-person)
bľujevě (dual first-person present)
bľujeta (dual present second-person)
bľujete (dual present third-person)
bľьvaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
bľьvaste (aorist plural second-person)
bľьvašę (aorist plural third-person)
bľujemъ (first-person plural present)
bľujete (plural present second-person)
bľujǫtь (plural present third-person)
bľьvaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
bľьvaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
bľьvaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
bľuji (imperative second-person singular)
bľuji (imperative singular third-person)
bľьvaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
bľьvaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
bľьvaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
bľujivě (dual first-person imperative)
bľujita (dual imperative second-person)
bľьvaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
bľьvaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
bľьvaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
bľujimъ (first-person imperative plural)
bľujite (imperative plural second-person)
a (accent-paradigm)
bľьvanьje (noun-from-verb)
bľьvati (infinitive)
bľьvatъ (supine)
bľьvalъ (l-participle)
a (accent-paradigm)
bľьvanъ (participle passive past)
bľьvajemъ (participle passive present)
bľьvavъ (active participle past)
bľьvaję (active participle present)
a (accent-paradigm)
bľьvaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
bľьva (aorist second-person singular)
bľьva (aorist singular third-person)
bľьvajǫ (first-person present singular)
bľьvaješi (present second-person singular)
bľьvajetь (present singular third-person)
bľьvaxově (aorist dual first-person)
bľьvasta (aorist dual second-person)
bľьvaste (aorist dual third-person)
bľьvajevě (dual first-person present)
bľьvajeta (dual present second-person)
bľьvajete (dual present third-person)
bľьvaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
bľьvaste (aorist plural second-person)
bľьvašę (aorist plural third-person)
bľьvajemъ (first-person plural present)
bľьvajete (plural present second-person)
bľьvajǫtь (plural present third-person)
bľьvaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
bľьvaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
bľьvaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
bľьvaji (imperative second-person singular)
bľьvaji (imperative singular third-person)
bľьvaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
bľьvaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
bľьvaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
bľьvajivě (dual first-person imperative)
bľьvajita (dual imperative second-person)
bľьvaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
bľьvaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
bľьvaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
bľьvajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
bľьvajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: бльвати (blĭvati)

Old Ruthenian:

desc

Belarusian: блю́ваць (bljúvacʹ), блява́ць (bljavácʹ)

Carpathian Rusyn: бльо́вати (blʹóvaty)

Ukrainian: блюва́ти (bljuváty)

Russian: блева́ть (blevátʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: бльвати (blĭvati)

Glagolitic script: ⰱⰾⱐⰲⰰⱅⰺ (blĭvati)

Bulgarian: бъ́лвам (bǎ́lvam)

Macedonian: блуе (blue)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бљу̀вати

Latin script: bljùvati

Slovene: bljuváti, bljeváti

West Slavic:

Czech: blít

Polabian: bľåvăt

Old Polish: bluć

Slovak: bľuvať

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: bluwaś

Upper Sorbian: bluwać

Perhaps from merging of:
* Per Vasmer, Snoj: From *bľuti (“to surge, to gush”) + *-ati, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bljauˀtei, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰlewH-. Cognate with Lithuanian bliáuti (“to bleat, to weep”), Latvian bļaût (“to bleat”) and further akin to Ancient Greek φλύω (phlúō, “to boil over”), Latin fluō (“flow”). Related terms such as *blyjati, *blyvati can only descend from this source.
* Per Trubačev (ESSJa): Specifically for the expressive meaning “to vomit, to puke”, possibly from an earlier *bjьvati, analogous to Proto-Slavic *pľьvati (“to spit”) < *pjьvati. Descendants without epenthetic *-ľ- are attested in dial. Bulgarian бю́вам (bjúvam).


belnъ

belnъ (nominative singular)
belna (dual nominative)
belni (nominative plural)
belna (genitive singular)
belnu (dual genitive)
belnъ (genitive plural)
belnu (dative singular)
belnoma (dative dual)
belnomъ (dative plural)
belnъ (accusative singular)
belna (accusative dual)
belny (accusative plural)
belnъmь (instrumental singular)
belnomь (instrumental singular)
belnoma (dual instrumental)
belny (instrumental plural)
belně (locative singular)
belnu (dual locative)
belněxъ (locative plural)
belne (singular vocative)
belna (dual vocative)
belni (plural vocative)

Church Slavonic: беленъ (belenŭ, “henbane”) (Russian)

East Slavic:

Russian: белен (belen, “henbane”) (dialectal), белена́ (belená, “henbane”)

Ukrainian: беле́на (beléna)

South Slavic:

desc

Bulgarian: блян (bljan, “day-dream”), блен (blen, “day-dream”)

Macedonian: блен (blen, “dream, day-dream”) (poetic), буника (bunika)

Serbo-Croatian:

Unspecified script: [Term?] (“henbane”) (rare), [Term?] (“henbane”) (rare), [Term?] (“fool, idiot”), бу̑н, бу̀ника

Latin: blȇn, blȇm, belèna, bȗn, bùnika

Slovene: blen (“henbane”)

West Slavic:

Czech: blín (“henbane”), blim (“henbane”) (dialectal)

Old Polish: bleń

Polish: bieluń

Slovak: blen (“henbane, bitterness”)

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰel-n-o-. Indo-European cognates include Old English beolone, beolene, belene (“henbane”), Danish bylne, buln-urt (“henbane”), Gaulish belenuntia (“henbane”), Belenos (“a god”). Also compare the s-stem variant Proto-Indo-European *bʰel-es-, whence Old High German bilisa, bilesa, bilsa (“henbane”), Spanish belesa, velesa (“henbane”), and probably Welsh bela, bele (“henbane”).


mьrzěti

Rick Derksen
uk:Мельничук Олександр Савич

mьrzěnьje (noun-from-verb)
mьrzěti (infinitive)
mьrzětъ (supine)
mьrzělъ (l-participle)
mьrzěnъ (participle passive past)
mьrzimъ (participle passive present)
mьrzěvъ (active participle past)
mьrzę (active participle present)
mьrzěxъ (aorist first-person singular)
mьrzě (aorist second-person singular)
mьrzě (aorist singular third-person)
mьržǫ (first-person present singular)
mьrziši (present second-person singular)
mьrzitь (present singular third-person)
mьrzěxově (aorist dual first-person)
mьrzěsta (aorist dual second-person)
mьrzěste (aorist dual third-person)
mьrzivě (dual first-person present)
mьrzita (dual present second-person)
mьrzite (dual present third-person)
mьrzěxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
mьrzěste (aorist plural second-person)
mьrzěšę (aorist plural third-person)
mьrzimъ (first-person plural present)
mьrzite (plural present second-person)
mьrzętь (plural present third-person)
mьrzěaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
mьrzěaše (imperfect second-person singular)
mьrzěaše (imperfect singular third-person)
mьrzi (imperative second-person singular)
mьrzi (imperative singular third-person)
mьrzěaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
mьrzěašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
mьrzěašete (dual imperfect third-person)
mьrzivě (dual first-person imperative)
mьrzita (dual imperative second-person)
mьrzěaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
mьrzěašete (imperfect plural second-person)
mьrzěaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
mьrzimъ (first-person imperative plural)
mьrzite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: мерзеть (merzetʹ) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: мерзи́ти (merzýty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: мръзѣти (mrŭzěti)

Glagolitic: ⰿⱃⱏⰸⱑⱅⰻ (mrŭzěti)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: мр́зети

Latin script: mŕziti

Slovene: mrzẹ́ti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: mrzěti

Czech: mrzet

Old Polish: mierzieć, mirzieć

Polabian: morzăt

Slovak: mrzieť


mьrziti

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: мерзити (merziti)

Russian: мерзи́ть (merzítʹ) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: мерзи́ти (merzýty)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: мързи́ (mǎrzí)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: мр́зити

Latin script: mŕziti

Slovene: mrzíti

West Slavic:

Czech: mrzet (“to be sorry”)

Polish: mierzić

Slovak: mrzеť

Slovincian: mjêrzëc

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: mjerzaś

Upper Sorbian: mjerzać


pьlstь

pь̑lstъ (canonical feminine)
c (accent-paradigm)
pь̑lstь (nominative singular)
pь̑lsti (dual nominative)
pь̑lsti (nominative plural)
pьlstí (genitive singular)
pьlstьjù (dual genitive)
pьlsťu (dual genitive)
pьlstь̀jь (genitive plural)
pь̑lsti (dative singular)
pьlstьmà (dative dual)
pь̑lstьmъ (dative plural)
pь̑lstь (accusative singular)
pь̑lsti (accusative dual)
pь̑lsti (accusative plural)
pьlstьjǫ́ (instrumental singular)
pьlstьmà (dual instrumental)
pьlstьmì (instrumental plural)
pьlstí (locative singular)
pьlstьjù (dual locative)
pьlsťu (dual locative)
pь̑lstьxъ (locative plural)
pьlsti (singular vocative)
pь̑lsti (dual vocative)
pь̑lsti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: пълсть (pŭlstĭ)

Belarusian: поўсць (poŭscʹ)

Russian: полсть (polstʹ)

Ukrainian: повсть (povstʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: плъсть (plŭstĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱂⰾⱏⱄⱅⱐ (plŭstĭ)

Bulgarian: плъст (plǎst)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пу̏ст

Latin script: pȕst

Slovene: pȏlst (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: plst

Czech: plst

Polish: pilść (obsolete), pilśń

Slovak: plsť

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: pjelść

Non-Slavic:

→ Romanian: pâslă

Cognate with Ancient Greek πῖλος (pîlos), Latin pilleus, Proto-West Germanic *felt, Albanian plis.


stogъ

b (accent-paradigm)
stògъ (nominative singular)
stogà (dual nominative)
stodzì (nominative plural)
stogà (genitive singular)
stogù (dual genitive)
stògъ (genitive plural)
stogù (dative singular)
stogòma (dative dual)
stogòmъ (dative plural)
stògъ (accusative singular)
stogà (accusative dual)
stogỳ (accusative plural)
stogъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
stogòmь (instrumental singular)
stogòma (dual instrumental)
stògy (instrumental plural)
stodzě̀ (locative singular)
stogù (dual locative)
stòdzěxъ (locative plural)
stože (singular vocative)
stogà (dual vocative)
stodzì (plural vocative)
c (accent-paradigm)
stȍgъ (nominative singular)
stȍga (dual nominative)
stȍdzi (nominative plural)
stȍga (genitive singular)
stogù (dual genitive)
stògъ (genitive plural)
stȍgu (dative singular)
stogomà (dative dual)
stogòmъ (dative plural)
stȍgъ (accusative singular)
stȍga (accusative dual)
stȍgy (accusative plural)
stȍgъmь (instrumental singular)
stȍgomь (instrumental singular)
stogomà (dual instrumental)
stogý (instrumental plural)
stȍdzě (locative singular)
stogù (dual locative)
stodzě̃xъ (locative plural)
stože (singular vocative)
stȍga (dual vocative)
stȍdzi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: стогъ (stogŭ)
Old Ruthenian: стогъ (stoh)
Belarusian: стог (stoh)
Carpathian Rusyn: стуг (stuh)
Ukrainian: стіг (stih)
Russian: стог (stog)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: стогъ (stogŭ)

Glagolitic: ⱄⱅⱁⰳⱏ (stogŭ)

Bulgarian: стог (stog)

Macedonian: стог (stog)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сто̑г

Latin script: stȏg

Slovene: stòg

West Slavic:

Old Czech: stoh

Czech: stoh

Bohemian (Chod dialect): stuh

Old Polish: stóg

Polish: stóg

Slovak: stoh

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: stóh

Lower Sorbian: stog

→ Romanian: stog

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *stagas, from Proto-Indo-European *stegʰ-. Baltic cognates include Lithuanian stãgaras (“dry stalk, switch”). Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek στόχος (stókhos, “brick pillar”), possibly Old English staca (“stake”).
A less likely derivation is from Proto-Indo-European *stog-os (“hut, cover”).


lemexъ

lemexъ (nominative singular)
lemexa (dual nominative)
lemeśi (nominative plural)
lemexa (genitive singular)
lemexu (dual genitive)
lemexъ (genitive plural)
lemexu (dative singular)
lemexoma (dative dual)
lemexomъ (dative plural)
lemexъ (accusative singular)
lemexa (accusative dual)
lemexy (accusative plural)
lemexъmь (instrumental singular)
lemexomь (instrumental singular)
lemexoma (dual instrumental)
lemexy (instrumental plural)
lemeśě (locative singular)
lemexu (dual locative)
lemeśěxъ (locative plural)
lemeše (singular vocative)
lemexa (dual vocative)
lemeśi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: лемехъ (lemexŭ, “ploughshare”)

Belarusian: ле́мех (ljémjex, “ploughshare”)

Russian: ле́мех (lémex, “ploughshare”)

South Slavic:

West Slavic:

Czech: lemech (“back of a chair”) (dialectal)

An alternative form of *lemešь. See there for details.


lěnь

lěnь (nominative singular)
lěni (dual nominative)
lěni (nominative plural)
lěni (genitive singular)
lěnьju (dual genitive)
lěnьjь (genitive plural)
lěni (dative singular)
lěnьma (dative dual)
lěnьmъ (dative plural)
lěnь (accusative singular)
lěni (accusative dual)
lěni (accusative plural)
lěnьjǫ (instrumental singular)
lěnьma (dual instrumental)
lěnьmi (instrumental plural)
lěni (locative singular)
lěnьju (dual locative)
lěnьxъ (locative plural)
lěni (singular vocative)
lěni (dual vocative)
lěni (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: лень (lenʹ, “laziness”)

Ukrainian: лінь (linʹ, “laziness, lazy person”)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: лѣнь (lěnĭ, “laziness”)

Glagolitic: ⰾⱑⱀⱐ (lěnĭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ли̏јен (“laziness”)

Latin script: lȉjen

Slovene: lė̑n (“laziness”)

West Slavic:

Czech: léň (“laziness”) (obsolete, dialectal)

Polish: leń (“lazy person”)

Slovak: lieň (“laziness”) (poetic, dialectal)

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: lěni

From Proto-Indo-European *leh₁-, alongside Latin lenis (“calm, gradual”) and Lithuanian lėtas (“slow, tranquil”).


lemešь

lemešь (nominative singular)
lemeša (dual nominative)
lemeši (nominative plural)
lemeša (genitive singular)
lemešu (dual genitive)
lemešь (genitive plural)
lemešu (dative singular)
lemešema (dative dual)
lemešemъ (dative plural)
lemešь (accusative singular)
lemeša (accusative dual)
lemešę̇ (accusative plural)
lemešьmь (instrumental singular)
lemešemь (instrumental singular)
lemešema (dual instrumental)
lemeši (instrumental plural)
lemeši (locative singular)
lemešu (dual locative)
lemešixъ (locative plural)
lemešu (singular vocative)
lemeša (dual vocative)
lemeši (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: лемешь (lemešĭ)

Old Ruthenian: лемешъ (lemeš)

Belarusian: ляме́ш (ljamjéš)

Ukrainian: лемі́ш (lemíš)

Russian: ле́меш (lémeš)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: лемешь (lemešĭ)

Glagolitic: ⰾⰵⰿⰵⱎⱐ (lemešĭ)

Bulgarian: леме́ж (leméž)

Macedonian: ле́меш (lémeš)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: лѐмеш, лѐмеж

Latin: lèmeš, lèmež

Slovene: lémeš, lémež

West Slavic:

Old Czech: lemeš

Czech: lemeš (obsolete)

Old Polish: lemiesz

Polish: lemiesz

Old Slovak: lemeš

Slovak: lemeš

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: lemez

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lémešis. Cognates include Latvian lemesis (“sharp plough”), Lithuanian lẽmežis (“wooden part of the plough”), lãmežis (“wooden part of the plough”) and Proto-Slavic *lomìti (“to break”).


lěnъ

lě̑nъ (canonical)
c (accent-paradigm)
lěnъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
lěna (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
lěno (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
lěna (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
lěny (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
lěna (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
lěnu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
lěně (dative feminine indefinite singular)
lěnu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
lěnъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
lěnǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
lěno (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
lěnomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
lěnojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
lěnomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
lěně (indefinite locative masculine singular)
lěně (feminine indefinite locative singular)
lěně (indefinite locative neuter singular)
lěne (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
lěno (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
lěno (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
lěna (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
lěně (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
lěně (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
lěnu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
lěnu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
lěnu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
lěnoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
lěnama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
lěnoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
lěna (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
lěně (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
lěně (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
lěnoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
lěnama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
lěnoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
lěnu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
lěnu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
lěnu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
lěna (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
lěně (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
lěně (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
lěni (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
lěny (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
lěna (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
lěnъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
lěnъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
lěnъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
lěnomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
lěnamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
lěnomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
lěny (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
lěny (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
lěna (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
lěny (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
lěnami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
lěny (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
lěněxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
lěnaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
lěněxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
lěni (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
lěny (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
lěna (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
c (accent-paradigm)
lěnъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
lěnaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
lěnoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
lěnajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
lěnyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
lěnajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
lěnujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
lěněji (dative definite feminine singular)
lěnujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
lěnъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
lěnǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
lěnoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
lěnyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
lěnǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
lěnyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
lěnějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
lěněji (definite feminine locative singular)
lěnějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
lěnъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
lěnaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
lěnoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
lěnaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
lěněji (definite dual feminine nominative)
lěněji (definite dual neuter nominative)
lěnuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
lěnuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
lěnuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
lěnyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
lěnyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
lěnyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
lěnaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
lěněji (accusative definite dual feminine)
lěněji (accusative definite dual neuter)
lěnyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
lěnyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
lěnyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
lěnuju (definite dual locative masculine)
lěnuju (definite dual feminine locative)
lěnuju (definite dual locative neuter)
lěnaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
lěněji (definite dual feminine vocative)
lěněji (definite dual neuter vocative)
lěniji (definite masculine nominative plural)
lěnyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
lěnaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
lěnъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
lěnъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
lěnъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
lěnyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
lěnyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
lěnyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
lěnyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
lěnyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
lěnaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
lěnyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
lěnyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
lěnyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
lěnyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
lěnyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
lěnyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
lěniji (definite masculine plural vocative)
lěnyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
lěnaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *lěnъ (hard, accent paradigm c)

Definite declension of *lěnъ (hard, accent paradigm c)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: лѣнꙑи (lěnyi)

Belarusian: ляны́ (ljaný)

Russian: ляной (ljanoj) (dialectal), леной (lenoj) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: лѣнъ (lěnŭ)

Glagolitic: ⰾⱑⱀⱏ (lěnŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ли̏јен, ле̑н, лије̑н

Latin: lȉjen, lȇn, lijȇn

Slovene: lẹ̑n, lȅn (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: léný

Czech: líný

Old Polish: leny

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lēnas, from Proto-Indo-European *leh₁-en-os, from *leh₁- (“lazy, slow”). Cognate with Latvian lēns (“lazy”), Lithuanian lė́nas (“lazy”), Latin lenis.


lisъka

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *лисъка (*lisŭka)

Middle Russian: лиска (liska)

Old Ruthenian: лиска (liska)

desc

Belarusian: ли́ска (líska); лі́ска (líska) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: ли́ска (lýska)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Church Slavonic: лиска (liska)

Macedonian: лиска (liska)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ли̏ска (archaic, rare)

Latin script: lȉska (archaic, rare)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: liška

Czech: liška

Old Polish: liska, liszka

Polish: liszka (dialectal)

Old Slovak: líška

Pannonian Rusyn: лїшка (ljiška)

Slovak: líška

Polabian: laiskă

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: liška

Upper Sorbian: liška


lěska

lě̄skà (canonical feminine)
b (accent-paradigm)
lě̄skà (nominative singular)
lě̃scě (dual nominative)
lě̄skỳ (nominative plural)
lě̄skỳ (genitive singular)
lě̄skù (dual genitive)
lě̃skъ (genitive plural)
lě̄scě̀ (dative singular)
lě̄skàma (dative dual)
lě̄skàmъ (dative plural)
lě̄skǫ̀ (accusative singular)
lě̃scě (accusative dual)
lě̄skỳ (accusative plural)
lě̄skòjǫ (instrumental singular)
lě̃skǫ (instrumental singular)
lě̄skàma (dual instrumental)
lě̄skàmī (instrumental plural)
lě̄scě̀ (locative singular)
lě̄skù (dual locative)
lě̄skàsъ (locative plural)
lě̄skàxъ (locative plural)
lěsko (singular vocative)
lě̃scě (dual vocative)
lě̄skỳ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: ля́ска (ljáska)

Russian: лязга́ (ljazgá) (dialectal)

⇒ Russian: лещи́на (leščína)

Ukrainian: лі́ска (líska)

⇒ Ukrainian: ліщи́на (liščýna)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: леска́ (leská)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: лијѐска, ле́ска

Latin: lijèska, léska

Slovene: lẹ́ska (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: líska, ľaska

Polish: laska

Slovak: lieska

Slovincian: loska

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: lěska

Upper Sorbian: lěska

Cognate with Proto-Slavic *loza (“vine”), Latvian lazda (“hazel”), lagzda (“hazel”), Lithuanian lazdà (“stick, staff”), Old Prussian laxde (“hazel”).


lędvьje

lędvьje (nominative singular)
lędvьji (dual nominative)
lędvьja (nominative plural)
lędvьja (genitive singular)
lędvьju (dual genitive)
lędvьjь (genitive plural)
lędvьju (dative singular)
lędvьjema (dative dual)
lędvьjemъ (dative plural)
lędvьje (accusative singular)
lędvьji (accusative dual)
lędvьja (accusative plural)
lędvьjьmь (instrumental singular)
lędvьjemь (instrumental singular)
lędvьjema (dual instrumental)
lędvьji (instrumental plural)
lędvьji (locative singular)
lędvьju (dual locative)
lędvьjixъ (locative plural)
lędvьje (singular vocative)
lędvьji (dual vocative)
lędvьja (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: ля́двея f (ljádveja, Nsg.) (archaic)

Ukrainian: лі́дви (lídvy)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: лѧдвьѩ f (Npl.)

Glagolitic: ⰾⱔⰴⰲⱐⱗ (lędvĭję)

⇒ Bulgarian: ле́джа (lédža, “lineage, generation”) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ле́ђа n (Npl.), ле̏два n (Npl.), ле̏два f (Nsg.)

Latin script: léđa n (Npl.), lȅdva n (Npl.), lȅdva f (Nsg.)

Slovene: ledija f (Nsg.), ledeja f (Nsg.), ledevje n (Nsg.), ledovje n (Nsg.), ledje n (Nsg.), ledje f (Npl.), ledvije f (Npl.).

West Slavic:

Old Czech: ledvie

Czech: ledví n (Nsg.) (archaic), ladví n (Nsg.) (archaic)

Polish: lędźwie f (Npl.)

Slovak: ľadvie n (Nsg.) (archaic), ľadva f (Nsg.)

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: ledźba

Lower Sorbian: laźwjo

From Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ-. Cognates include Latin lumbus, Proto-Germanic *landį̄, Sanskrit रन्ध्र (rándhra).


lěnivъ

lěnìvъ (canonical)
lěnivъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
lěniva (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
lěnivo (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
lěniva (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
lěnivy (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
lěniva (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
lěnivu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
lěnivě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
lěnivu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
lěnivъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
lěnivǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
lěnivo (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
lěnivomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
lěnivojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
lěnivomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
lěnivě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
lěnivě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
lěnivě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
lěnive (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
lěnivo (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
lěnivo (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
lěniva (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
lěnivě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
lěnivě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
lěnivu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
lěnivu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
lěnivu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
lěnivoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
lěnivama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
lěnivoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
lěniva (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
lěnivě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
lěnivě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
lěnivoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
lěnivama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
lěnivoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
lěnivu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
lěnivu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
lěnivu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
lěniva (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
lěnivě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
lěnivě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
lěnivi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
lěnivy (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
lěniva (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
lěnivъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
lěnivъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
lěnivъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
lěnivomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
lěnivamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
lěnivomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
lěnivy (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
lěnivy (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
lěniva (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
lěnivy (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
lěnivami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
lěnivy (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
lěnivěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
lěnivaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
lěnivěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
lěnivi (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
lěnivy (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
lěniva (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
lěnivъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
lěnivaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
lěnivoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
lěnivajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
lěnivyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
lěnivajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
lěnivujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
lěnivěji (dative definite feminine singular)
lěnivujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
lěnivъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
lěnivǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
lěnivoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
lěnivyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
lěnivǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
lěnivyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
lěnivějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
lěnivěji (definite feminine locative singular)
lěnivějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
lěnivъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
lěnivaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
lěnivoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
lěnivaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
lěnivěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
lěnivěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
lěnivuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
lěnivuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
lěnivuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
lěnivyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
lěnivyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
lěnivyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
lěnivaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
lěnivěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
lěnivěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
lěnivyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
lěnivyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
lěnivyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
lěnivuju (definite dual locative masculine)
lěnivuju (definite dual feminine locative)
lěnivuju (definite dual locative neuter)
lěnivaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
lěnivěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
lěnivěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
lěniviji (definite masculine nominative plural)
lěnivyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
lěnivaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
lěnivъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
lěnivъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
lěnivъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
lěnivyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
lěnivyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
lěnivyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
lěnivyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
lěnivyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
lěnivaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
lěnivyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
lěnivyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
lěnivyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
lěnivyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
lěnivyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
lěnivyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
lěniviji (definite masculine plural vocative)
lěnivyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
lěnivaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *lěnivъ (hard)

Definite declension of *lěnivъ (hard)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: ляні́вы (ljanívy)

Russian: лени́вый (lenívyj)

Ukrainian: ліни́вий (linývyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: лѣнивъ (lěnivŭ, “lazy”)

Glagolitic: ⰾⱑⱀⰻⰲⱏ (lěnivŭ)

desc

Bulgarian: лени́в (lenív, “lazy, sluggish”)

Serbo-Croatian:

Unspecified script: [Term?] (“lazy”)

Latin script: ljèniv

Slovene: lenìv (“lazy, sluggish”)

West Slavic:

Czech: lenivý (“lazy, sluggish”)

Polish: leniwy (“lazy, sluggish”)

Slovak: lenivý (“lazy, sluggish”)

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: lěniwy


lěvъ

lě̑vъ (canonical)
lěvъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
lěva (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
lěvo (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
lěva (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
lěvy (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
lěva (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
lěvu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
lěvě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
lěvu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
lěvъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
lěvǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
lěvo (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
lěvomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
lěvojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
lěvomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
lěvě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
lěvě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
lěvě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
lěve (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
lěvo (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
lěvo (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
lěva (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
lěvě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
lěvě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
lěvu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
lěvu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
lěvu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
lěvoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
lěvama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
lěvoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
lěva (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
lěvě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
lěvě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
lěvoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
lěvama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
lěvoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
lěvu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
lěvu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
lěvu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
lěva (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
lěvě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
lěvě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
lěvi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
lěvy (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
lěva (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
lěvъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
lěvъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
lěvъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
lěvomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
lěvamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
lěvomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
lěvy (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
lěvy (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
lěva (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
lěvy (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
lěvami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
lěvy (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
lěvěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
lěvaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
lěvěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
lěvi (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
lěvy (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
lěva (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
lěvъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
lěvaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
lěvoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
lěvajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
lěvyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
lěvajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
lěvujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
lěvěji (dative definite feminine singular)
lěvujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
lěvъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
lěvǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
lěvoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
lěvyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
lěvǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
lěvyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
lěvějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
lěvěji (definite feminine locative singular)
lěvějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
lěvъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
lěvaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
lěvoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
lěvaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
lěvěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
lěvěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
lěvuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
lěvuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
lěvuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
lěvyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
lěvyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
lěvyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
lěvaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
lěvěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
lěvěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
lěvyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
lěvyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
lěvyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
lěvuju (definite dual locative masculine)
lěvuju (definite dual feminine locative)
lěvuju (definite dual locative neuter)
lěvaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
lěvěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
lěvěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
lěviji (definite masculine nominative plural)
lěvyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
lěvaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
lěvъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
lěvъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
lěvъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
lěvyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
lěvyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
lěvyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
lěvyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
lěvyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
lěvaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
lěvyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
lěvyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
lěvyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
lěvyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
lěvyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
lěvyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
lěviji (definite masculine plural vocative)
lěvyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
lěvaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *lěvъ (hard)

Definite declension of *lěvъ (hard)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: лѣвъ (lěvŭ)

Belarusian: ле́вы (ljévy)

Russian: ле́вый (lévyj)

Ukrainian: лі́вий (lívyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: лѣвъ (lěvŭ)

Glagolitic: ⰾⱑⰲⱏ (lěvŭ)

Bulgarian: ляв (ljav)

Macedonian: лев (lev)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ле̑вӣ

Latin script: lȇvī

Slovene: lẹ̑v

West Slavic:

Old Czech: levý

Czech: levý

Polabian: levĕ

Polish: lewy

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: lewi

Slovincian: lêwy

Slovak: ľavý

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: lěwy

Upper Sorbian: lěwy

From Proto-Indo-European *leh₂iwos, a derivative of *leh₂-yé-ti (“to lurk, to ambush”) + *-wós, ultimately from *leh₂- (“to be hidden, to wait from a distance”). Cognates include Ancient Greek λαιός (laiós), Latin laevus. The adjective got its meaning likely due to the popular view that the left hand is the weaker, less suitable hand to use.


gybati

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: гꙑбати (gybati), гꙑбатисꙗ (gybatisja)

Belarusian: гіба́ць (hibácʹ), гі́баць (híbacʹ) (dialectal)

Russian: гиба́ть (gibátʹ), гы́бать (gýbatʹ) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: гиба́ть (hybátʹ) (dialectal)

⇒ Ukrainian: загиба́ти (zahybáty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: гꙑбати (gybati)

Glagolitic script: ⰳⱏⰹⰱⰰⱅⰺ (gybati)

Middle Bulgarian: ги́бѫм (gíbǫm)

Bulgarian: ги́бам (gíbam), ги́ба̣м (gíbạm) (dialectal)

Macedonian: гиба (giba)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ги́бати

Latin script: gíbati

Slovene: gíbati

West Slavic:

Czech: hýbati; hýbat, hýbať, hyjbat (dialectal)

Old Polish: gibać

Polish: gibać (dialectal)

Slovak: hýbať; híbat (dialectal); hibaj

Slovincian: gjibac

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: gibaś

Upper Sorbian: gibać

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gubā́ˀtei, itself from *gúbtei.


xorna

xornà (canonical feminine)
b (accent-paradigm)
xōrnà (nominative singular)
xõrně (dual nominative)
xōrnỳ (nominative plural)
xōrnỳ (genitive singular)
xōrnù (dual genitive)
xõrnъ (genitive plural)
xōrně̀ (dative singular)
xōrnàma (dative dual)
xōrnàmъ (dative plural)
xōrnǫ̀ (accusative singular)
xõrně (accusative dual)
xōrnỳ (accusative plural)
xōrnòjǫ (instrumental singular)
xõrnǫ (instrumental singular)
xōrnàma (dual instrumental)
xōrnàmī (instrumental plural)
xōrně̀ (locative singular)
xōrnù (dual locative)
xōrnàsъ (locative plural)
xōrnàxъ (locative plural)
xorno (singular vocative)
xõrně (dual vocative)
xōrnỳ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: хоро́на (xoróna)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Church Slavonic: храна (xrana)

Bulgarian: храна́ (hraná)

Macedonian: хра́на (hrána), ра́на (rána)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: хра́на

Latin script: hrána

Slovene: hrána (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: chrana (rare)

Kashubian: charna, chôrna

Old Polish: chrona

Polish: charna (dialectal)

Polabian: xornă

Slovincian: chorna

Non-Slavic:

→ Romanian: hrană

Disputed:
* Martynov: Borrowed from Proto-Iranian, whence Avestan 𐬓𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (xᵛar^əna, “food”); perhaps, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *swel- (“to devour; to swell”). Doubted by Vasmer.
* Berneker: Native, derived from Proto-Indo-European *serh₂- (“to sustain”) (whence Latin servō (“to serve”), Sanskrit सर्वथा (sarvathā, “entirety”)). Originally meaning “sustenance”. Initial *x- is explained as a result of levelling from forms such *prixorniti, *uxorniti which were subject to RUKI-rule.
* Mladenov: Native, from an earlier *skornā, derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to chop”) (whence Latin carō (“flesh”)). Originally meaning “portion”.
Derksen (EDSIL) and Trubačev (ESSJa) tend to favour the first hypothesis. Snoj prefers the second.


jьlьmъ

jьlьmъ (nominative singular)
jьlьma (dual nominative)
jьlьmi (nominative plural)
jьlьma (genitive singular)
jьlьmu (dual genitive)
jьlьmъ (genitive plural)
jьlьmu (dative singular)
jьlьmoma (dative dual)
jьlьmomъ (dative plural)
jьlьmъ (accusative singular)
jьlьma (accusative dual)
jьlьmy (accusative plural)
jьlьmъmь (instrumental singular)
jьlьmomь (instrumental singular)
jьlьmoma (dual instrumental)
jьlьmy (instrumental plural)
jьlьmě (locative singular)
jьlьmu (dual locative)
jьlьměxъ (locative plural)
jьlьme (singular vocative)
jьlьma (dual vocative)
jьlьmi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: илемъ (ilemŭ)

Belarusian: лём (ljom)

desc

Russian: ильм (ilʹm), ильма (ilʹma), лёмок (ljómok) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: ільм (ilʹm), ілем (ilem), льом (lʹom)

South Slavic:

Slovene: lìm

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jilm

Czech: jilm

Polabian: jėlmă

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: lom

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ílimas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁l̥Himos. Indo-European cognates include English elm, Latin ulmus.


pěšь

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: пѣшь (pěšĭ)

Belarusian: пе́шы (pjéšy)

Russian: пе́ший (péšij)

Ukrainian: піший (pišyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: пѣшь (pěšĭ)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: пеш (peš), пе́ши (péši)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пjе̏ше

Latin script: pješe

Slovene: ре̣̑šji (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: pěší

Polish: pieszy

Slovak: pěší

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: ре̌šу

Upper Sorbian: pěši

Ultimately a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *pṓds.


jьlъ

jьlъ (nominative singular)
jьla (dual nominative)
jьli (nominative plural)
jьla (genitive singular)
jьlu (dual genitive)
jьlъ (genitive plural)
jьlu (dative singular)
jьloma (dative dual)
jьlomъ (dative plural)
jьlъ (accusative singular)
jьla (accusative dual)
jьly (accusative plural)
jьlъmь (instrumental singular)
jьlomь (instrumental singular)
jьloma (dual instrumental)
jьly (instrumental plural)
jьlě (locative singular)
jьlu (dual locative)
jьlěxъ (locative plural)
jьle (singular vocative)
jьla (dual vocative)
jьli (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: илъ (ilŭ)

Old Ruthenian: илъ (il)

Belarusian: іл (il)

Ukrainian: ил (yl)

Russian: ил (il)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: илъ (ilŭ, “bog”)

Glagolitic script: ⰻⰾⱏ (ilŭ)

Bulgarian: ил (il)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ѝловача

Latin script: ìlovača

Slovene: íl (“loam, clay”), jilo (“loam, clay”), ilo (“loam, clay”)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jíl

Czech: jíl (“silt, clay”)

Polish: ił (“clay, natural dampness of earth”), jеł (“clay, natural dampness of earth”) (dialectal)

Slovak: íl (“silt, clay”), il (“silt, clay”) (archaic)

Possibly rebuilt from u-stem *jìlъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ī́ˀlus, from Proto-Indo-European *(H)iHlús (“mud; dark”). Perhaps cognate with Latvian īls (“very dark”), Ancient Greek ἰλύς (ilús, “mud, slime”), εἰλύ (eilú, “very dark, black”).


ǫditi

ǫdìti (canonical)
ǫďenьje (noun-from-verb)
ǫditi (infinitive)
ǫditъ (supine)
ǫdilъ (l-participle)
ǫďenъ (participle passive past)
ǫdimъ (participle passive present)
ǫďь (active participle past)
ǫdę (active participle present)
ǫdixъ (aorist first-person singular)
ǫdi (aorist second-person singular)
ǫdi (aorist singular third-person)
ǫďǫ (first-person present singular)
ǫdiši (present second-person singular)
ǫditь (present singular third-person)
ǫdixově (aorist dual first-person)
ǫdista (aorist dual second-person)
ǫdiste (aorist dual third-person)
ǫdivě (dual first-person present)
ǫdita (dual present second-person)
ǫdite (dual present third-person)
ǫdixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
ǫdiste (aorist plural second-person)
ǫdišę (aorist plural third-person)
ǫdimъ (first-person plural present)
ǫdite (plural present second-person)
ǫdętь (plural present third-person)
ǫďaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
ǫďaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
ǫďaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
ǫdi (imperative second-person singular)
ǫdi (imperative singular third-person)
ǫďaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
ǫďaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
ǫďaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
ǫdivě (dual first-person imperative)
ǫdita (dual imperative second-person)
ǫďaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
ǫďaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
ǫďaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
ǫdimъ (first-person imperative plural)
ǫdite (imperative plural second-person)

Church Slavonic: ѫдити (ǫditi)

East Slavic: —

South Slavic:

Slovene: vodíti, odíti (“to smoke”)

West Slavic:

Czech: udit (“to smoke”)

desctree

Polish: wędzić (“to smoke”)
→ Belarusian: вэ́ндзіць (véndzicʹ)

(?) Slovak: údiť (“to smoke”)

Per Derksen, cognate with Old High German swintan and Old English swindan (from Proto-Germanic *swindaną).

Oleg Trubachyov
Rick Derksen
pl:Štefan Peciar


kaš(ь)ľь

kašľь (canonical masculine)
kašľь (nominative singular)
kašьľь (nominative singular)
kašľa (dual nominative)
kašьľa (dual nominative)
kašľi (nominative plural)
kašьľi (nominative plural)
kašľa (genitive singular)
kašьľa (genitive singular)
kašľu (dual genitive)
kašьľu (dual genitive)
kašľь (genitive plural)
kašьľь (genitive plural)
kašľu (dative singular)
kašьľu (dative singular)
kašľema (dative dual)
kašьľema (dative dual)
kašľemъ (dative plural)
kašьľemъ (dative plural)
kašľь (accusative singular)
kašьľь (accusative singular)
kašľa (accusative dual)
kašьľa (accusative dual)
kašľę̇ (accusative plural)
kašьľę̇ (accusative plural)
kašľьmь (instrumental singular)
kašьľьmь (instrumental singular)
kašľemь (instrumental singular)
kašьľemь (instrumental singular)
kašľema (dual instrumental)
kašьľema (dual instrumental)
kašľi (instrumental plural)
kašьľi (instrumental plural)
kašľi (locative singular)
kašьľi (locative singular)
kašľu (dual locative)
kašьľu (dual locative)
kašľixъ (locative plural)
kašьľixъ (locative plural)
kašľu (singular vocative)
kašьľu (singular vocative)
kašľa (dual vocative)
kašьľa (dual vocative)
kašľi (plural vocative)
kašьľi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: кашьль (kašĭlĭ)

Old Ruthenian: ка́шель (kášelʹ)

Belarusian: ка́шаль (kášalʹ)

Ukrainian: ка́шель (kášelʹ)

Russian: ка́шель (kášelʹ)

South Slavic:

⇒ Bulgarian: ка́шлица (kášlica)

⇒ Macedonian: кашлица (kašlica)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ка̏шаљ

Latin script: kȁšalj

Slovene: kašelj

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kašel

Czech: kašel

Bohemian (Chod dialect): kášel

Polish: kaszel

Slovak: kašeľ

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: kašel

Lower Sorbian: kašel

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kāˀs(u)lio-, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₂s-.


plěna

plěna (nominative singular)
plěně (dual nominative)
plěny (nominative plural)
plěny (genitive singular)
plěnu (dual genitive)
plěnъ (genitive plural)
plěně (dative singular)
plěnama (dative dual)
plěnamъ (dative plural)
plěnǫ (accusative singular)
plěně (accusative dual)
plěny (accusative plural)
plěnojǫ (instrumental singular)
plěnǫ (instrumental singular)
plěnama (dual instrumental)
plěnami (instrumental plural)
plěně (locative singular)
plěnu (dual locative)
plěnasъ (locative plural)
plěnaxъ (locative plural)
plěno (singular vocative)
plěně (dual vocative)
plěny (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

⇒ Belarusian: плёнка (pljónka, “film”)

Russian: плена́ (plená, “membrane”)

⇒ Russian: плёнка (pljónka, “film”)

desc

Ukrainian: пліна́ (pliná, “membrane”), плінь (plinʹ)

South Slavic:

Slovene: plẹ́na

West Slavic:

Czech: plena (“membrane”)

⇒ Polish: plama (“stain”)

→ Ukrainian: пля́ма (pljáma)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *plēnāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *plēn-eh₂, from the root *pel- (“to cover, wrap; covering, skin, hide”). Baltic cognates include Latvian plẽne, Lithuanian plėnė̃ (“membrane”), Old Prussian pleynis (“cerebral membrane”).


plastъ

plãstъ (canonical masculine)
b (accent-paradigm)
plãstъ (nominative singular)
plāstà (dual nominative)
plāstì (nominative plural)
plāstà (genitive singular)
plāstù (dual genitive)
plãstъ (genitive plural)
plāstù (dative singular)
plāstòma (dative dual)
plāstòmъ (dative plural)
plãstъ (accusative singular)
plāstà (accusative dual)
plāstỳ (accusative plural)
plāstъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
plāstòmь (instrumental singular)
plāstòma (dual instrumental)
plãsty (instrumental plural)
plāstě̀ (locative singular)
plāstù (dual locative)
plãstěxъ (locative plural)
plaste (singular vocative)
plāstà (dual vocative)
plāstì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: пластъ (plastŭ, “layer”)

Russian: пласт (plast, “layer”)

Ukrainian: пласт (plast)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: пласт (plast, “layer”)

Macedonian: пласт (plast)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пла̑ст (“hay-stack”)

Latin script: plȃst

Slovene: рlа̑st (“layer, hay-swath”)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: plást

Czech: plást

Old Polish: płast (“honeycomb”)

Slovak: plást (“honeycomb”)

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: płast


pěstъ

b (accent-paradigm)
pě̃stъ (nominative singular)
pě̄stà (dual nominative)
pě̄stì (nominative plural)
pě̄stà (genitive singular)
pě̄stù (dual genitive)
pě̃stъ (genitive plural)
pě̄stù (dative singular)
pě̄stòma (dative dual)
pě̄stòmъ (dative plural)
pě̃stъ (accusative singular)
pě̄stà (accusative dual)
pě̄stỳ (accusative plural)
pě̄stъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
pě̄stòmь (instrumental singular)
pě̄stòma (dual instrumental)
pě̃sty (instrumental plural)
pě̄stě̀ (locative singular)
pě̄stù (dual locative)
pě̃stěxъ (locative plural)
pěste (singular vocative)
pě̄stà (dual vocative)
pě̄stì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: пе́сцік (pjéscik)

Russian: пест (pest), пе́стик (péstik)

Ukrainian: пе́стик (péstyk)

South Slavic:

Slovene: pẹ́stọ, pẹ́sta

West Slavic:

Czech: píst, písta

Polish: piasta

Slovak: piest

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: pěsta

Upper Sorbian: pěsta

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *paista, from Proto-Indo-European *poys-to-m, from *peys- (“to crush, grind”).


ǫtro

ǫtrò (canonical neuter)
b (accent-paradigm)
ǭtrò (nominative singular)
ǫ̃trě (dual nominative)
ǭtrà (nominative plural)
ǭtrà (genitive singular)
ǭtrù (dual genitive)
ǫ̃trъ (genitive plural)
ǭtrù (dative singular)
ǭtròma (dative dual)
ǭtròmъ (dative plural)
ǭtrò (accusative singular)
ǫ̃trě (accusative dual)
ǭtrà (accusative plural)
ǭtrъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
ǭtròmь (instrumental singular)
ǭtròma (dual instrumental)
ǫ̃try (instrumental plural)
ǭtrě̀ (locative singular)
ǭtrù (dual locative)
ǫ̃trěxъ (locative plural)
ǭtrò (singular vocative)
ǫ̃trě (dual vocative)
ǭtrà (plural vocative)

East Slavic

Old East Slavic: нутрь (nutrĭ)

Belarusian: нутро́ (nutró)

Russian: нутро́ (nutró)
→ Czech: nitro

Ukrainian: нутро́ (nutró)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: ѫтрьѫдѫ (ǫtrĭǫdǫ), ѫтрьѭдѫ (ǫtrĭjǫdǫ)

Bulgarian: вътре (vǎtre)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: у̀нӯтра

Latin script: ùnūtra

Slovene: nọ̄ter (tonal orthography)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *antra, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ón-tr-om, from *h₁én (“in, inside”).
A similar derivation, but with e-grade, led to *ę̄trò (“liver”).


ovьsъ

ovь̀sъ (canonical masculine)
b (accent-paradigm)
ovь̀sъ (nominative singular)
ovьsà (dual nominative)
ovьsì (nominative plural)
ovьsà (genitive singular)
ovьsù (dual genitive)
ovь̀sъ (genitive plural)
ovьsù (dative singular)
ovьsòma (dative dual)
ovьsòmъ (dative plural)
ovь̀sъ (accusative singular)
ovьsà (accusative dual)
ovьsỳ (accusative plural)
ovьsъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
ovьsòmь (instrumental singular)
ovьsòma (dual instrumental)
ovь̀sy (instrumental plural)
ovьsě̀ (locative singular)
ovьsù (dual locative)
ovь̀sěxъ (locative plural)
ovьse (singular vocative)
ovьsà (dual vocative)
ovьsì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: овьсъ (ovĭsŭ)

Belarusian: авёс (avjós); аўёс (aŭjós) (dialectal); авес (avjes) (dialectal)

desctree

Russian: овёс (ovjós), овёсъ (ovjós) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Kildin Sami: оввесь (ovvjes’)
→ Mongolian: овъёос (ovʺjoos)
→ Yakut: эбиэс (ebies)

Ukrainian: ове́с (ovés)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: ове́с (ovés)

Macedonian: овес (oves)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: о̀вас

Latin script: òvas

Slovene: óvəs (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: oves

Czech: oves

Kashubian: óws

Polish: owies

Slovak: ovos

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: hows

Upper Sorbian: wows

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *awiś- ~ *awiź-, either from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew-iǵʰ(s)-eh₂ or from a substrate language whence also the Latin cognate: Cognate with Latvian àuzas, Lithuanian avižà, Old Prussian wyse, and Latin avena.


moľь

moľь (nominative singular)
moľa (dual nominative)
moľi (nominative plural)
moľa (genitive singular)
moľu (dual genitive)
moľь (genitive plural)
moľu (dative singular)
moľema (dative dual)
moľemъ (dative plural)
moľь (accusative singular)
moľa (accusative dual)
moľę̇ (accusative plural)
moľьmь (instrumental singular)
moľemь (instrumental singular)
moľema (dual instrumental)
moľi (instrumental plural)
moľi (locative singular)
moľu (dual locative)
moľixъ (locative plural)
moľu (singular vocative)
moľa (dual vocative)
moľi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: моль (molĭ)

Belarusian: моль (molʹ)

Russian: моль (molʹ)

Ukrainian: міль (milʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: моль (molĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰿⱁⰾⱐ (molĭ)

⇒ Bulgarian: моле́ц (moléc)

⇒ Macedonian: молец (molec)

⇒ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: мо̀љац

Latin script: móljac

Slovene: mòlj

West Slavic:

Czech: mol

Polish: mól

Slovak: moľ

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: mól

Upper Sorbian: mól

→ Hungarian: moly

→ Romanian: molie

From Proto-Indo-European *molH-(y)o-. Cognate with Old Norse mǫlr.


sǫkъ

c (accent-paradigm)
sǫ̑kъ (nominative singular)
sǫ̑ka (dual nominative)
sǫ̑ci (nominative plural)
sǫ̑ka (genitive singular)
sǫkù (dual genitive)
sǫ̃kъ (genitive plural)
sǫ̑ku (dative singular)
sǫkomà (dative dual)
sǫkòmъ (dative plural)
sǫ̑kъ (accusative singular)
sǫ̑ka (accusative dual)
sǫ̑ky (accusative plural)
sǫ̑kъmь (instrumental singular)
sǫ̑komь (instrumental singular)
sǫkomà (dual instrumental)
sǫký (instrumental plural)
sǫ̑cě (locative singular)
sǫkù (dual locative)
sǫcě̃xъ (locative plural)
sǫče (singular vocative)
sǫ̑ka (dual vocative)
sǫ̑ci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: сѫкъ (sǫkŭ)

Belarusian: сук (suk)

Russian: сук (suk)

Ukrainian: сук (suk)

desc

Old Novgorodian: сѫке (sǫke), соуке (suke)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: сѫкъ (sǫkŭ)

Glagolitic: ⱄⱘⰽⱏ (sǫkŭ)

Bulgarian: сък (sǎk), сънк (sǎnk) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: су̑к

Latin script: sȗk

Slovene: sọ̑k (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: suk

Czech: suk

Polish: sęk

Slovak: suk

Slovincian: sãk

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: suk

Lower Sorbian: suk

Cognate with Lithuanian at-šankė̃, Icelandic hár (“peg, thole pin, spiny fish”), Sanskrit शङ्कु (śaṅkú-, “pointed peg”).


ǫty

ǫ̀ty (canonical feminine)
a (accent-paradigm)
ǫty (nominative singular)
ǫ̀tъvi (dual nominative)
ǫ̀tъvi (nominative plural)
ǫ̀tъve (genitive singular)
ǫ̀tъvu (dual genitive)
ǫ̀tъvъ (genitive plural)
ǫ̀tъvi (dative singular)
ǫ̀tъvьma (dative dual)
ǫ̀tъvama (dative dual)
ǫ̀tъvьmъ (dative plural)
ǫ̀tъvamъ (dative plural)
ǫ̀tъvь (accusative singular)
ǫ̀tъvi (accusative dual)
ǫ̀tъvi (accusative plural)
ǫ̀tъvьjǫ (instrumental singular)
ǫ̀tъvľǭ (instrumental singular)
ǫ̀tъvьma (dual instrumental)
ǫ̀tъvama (dual instrumental)
ǫ̀tъvьmī (instrumental plural)
ǫ̀tъvamī (instrumental plural)
ǫ̀tъve (locative singular)
ǫ̀tъvu (dual locative)
ǫ̀tъvьxъ (locative plural)
ǫ̀tъvaxъ (locative plural)
ǫty (singular vocative)
ǫ̀tъvi (dual vocative)
ǫ̀tъvi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: оу́тꙑ (úty, “wild duck”)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: у́тва (útva)
Belarusian: ву́тва (vútva), вутва́ (vutvá) (dialectal)
Ukrainian: у́тва (útva)

Russian: утва́ pl (utvá, “ducks”) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: ѫтꙑ (ǫty)

Glagolitic script: ⱘⱅⱏⰹ (ǫty)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: у̏тва (“wild duck”)

Latin script: ȕtva (“wild duck”)

Slovene: ọ̑tva (“wild duck”)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ánˀtō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énh₂ts (“duck”). Cognate with Latin anas, Proto-Germanic *anadz (whence English ennet).


xromъ

xròmъ (canonical)
xromъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
xroma (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
xromo (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
xroma (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
xromy (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
xroma (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
xromu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
xromě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
xromu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
xromъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
xromǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
xromo (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
xromomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
xromojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
xromomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
xromě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
xromě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
xromě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
xrome (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
xromo (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
xromo (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
xroma (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
xromě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
xromě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
xromu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
xromu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
xromu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
xromoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
xromama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
xromoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
xroma (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
xromě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
xromě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
xromoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
xromama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
xromoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
xromu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
xromu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
xromu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
xroma (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
xromě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
xromě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
xromi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
xromy (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
xroma (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
xromъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
xromъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
xromъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
xromomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
xromamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
xromomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
xromy (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
xromy (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
xroma (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
xromy (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
xromami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
xromy (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
xroměxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
xromaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
xroměxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
xromi (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
xromy (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
xroma (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
xromъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
xromaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
xromoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
xromajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
xromyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
xromajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
xromujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
xroměji (dative definite feminine singular)
xromujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
xromъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
xromǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
xromoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
xromyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
xromǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
xromyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
xromějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
xroměji (definite feminine locative singular)
xromějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
xromъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
xromaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
xromoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
xromaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
xroměji (definite dual feminine nominative)
xroměji (definite dual neuter nominative)
xromuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
xromuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
xromuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
xromyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
xromyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
xromyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
xromaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
xroměji (accusative definite dual feminine)
xroměji (accusative definite dual neuter)
xromyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
xromyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
xromyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
xromuju (definite dual locative masculine)
xromuju (definite dual feminine locative)
xromuju (definite dual locative neuter)
xromaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
xroměji (definite dual feminine vocative)
xroměji (definite dual neuter vocative)
xromiji (definite masculine nominative plural)
xromyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
xromaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
xromъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
xromъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
xromъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
xromyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
xromyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
xromyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
xromyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
xromyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
xromaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
xromyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
xromyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
xromyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
xromyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
xromyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
xromyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
xromiji (definite masculine plural vocative)
xromyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
xromaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *xromъ (hard)

Definite declension of *xromъ (hard)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: хромъ (xromŭ)

Belarusian: хро́мы (xrómy)

Russian: хромо́й (xromój)

Ukrainian: хроми́й (xromýj)

Old Novgorodian: хроме (xrome)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: хромъ (xromŭ)

Glagolitic: ⱈⱃⱁⰿⱏ (xromŭ)

Bulgarian: хром (hrom)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: хро̏м

Latin script: hrȍm

Slovene: hrȍm (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: chromý

Czech: chromý

Polabian: chrüöme

Old Polish: chromy

Polish: chromy (archaic)

Slovak: chromý

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: сhrоmу

Upper Sorbian: khromy

* Per Derksen: From Proto-Indo-European *srómos (?), cognate with Sanskrit श्रम् (śram, “to be weary, tired”). Probably from the 0-grade of Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“to wound”) + *-omъ (“present participle suffix”) (otherwise **stromъ would have been expected).
* Per Trubachev, Snoj: From Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱrem-, cognate with the Sanskrit term and possibly Proto-Germanic *skramō (“scratch”) (whence German Schramme, Old Norse skrāma (“wound”)). Trubachev further suggests connection to Polish poskromić (“to subdue”).


kalъ

kȃlъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
kȃlъ (nominative singular)
kȃla (dual nominative)
kȃli (nominative plural)
kȃla (genitive singular)
kalù (dual genitive)
kãlъ (genitive plural)
kȃlu (dative singular)
kalomà (dative dual)
kalòmъ (dative plural)
kȃlъ (accusative singular)
kȃla (accusative dual)
kȃly (accusative plural)
kȃlъmь (instrumental singular)
kȃlomь (instrumental singular)
kalomà (dual instrumental)
kalý (instrumental plural)
kȃlě (locative singular)
kalù (dual locative)
kalě̃xъ (locative plural)
kale (singular vocative)
kȃla (dual vocative)
kȃli (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: кал (kal)

Ukrainian: кал (kal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: калъ (kalŭ)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: кал (kal)

Macedonian: кал (kal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ка̑л

Latin script: kȃl

Slovene: kȃl

West Slavic:

Czech: kal

Kashubian: kôł

Polish: kał

Slovak: kal

Unknown. No reliable non-Slavic cognates have been identified to date (including in Baltic languages, which is surprising considering some archaic features of the word).
Semantically close Ancient Greek πηλός (pēlós, “clay, mud, bog”) (also Doric πᾱλός (pālós), which could indicate possible derivation from *kʷālos) is unexplained as well, since derivation from a common IE **kʷeh₂los is prevented by accentuation (Hirt's law). Beekes suspected it to be a Pre-Greek (non-IE substrate) borrowing.
Something similar is Latin squālus (“dirty, unkempt”): there's no etymology, sematics seems to be close and according to de Vaan, sequence "squ-" indicates it isn't an inherited word. However, the root may be derived to squālor (“filth, roughness of the surface”) and squāma (“scale”) even though those lack an etymology as well.
Sanskrit काल (kāla, “black, very dark blue”) is either a Dravidian borrowing or a late development, thus unrelated.