čьrstvъ

čь̑rstvъ (canonical)
c (accent-paradigm)
čьrstvъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
čьrstva (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
čьrstvo (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
čьrstva (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
čьrstvy (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
čьrstva (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
čьrstvu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
čьrstvě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
čьrstvu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
čьrstvъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
čьrstvǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
čьrstvo (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
čьrstvomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
čьrstvojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
čьrstvomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
čьrstvě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
čьrstvě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
čьrstvě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
čьrstve (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
čьrstvo (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
čьrstvo (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
čьrstva (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
čьrstvě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
čьrstvě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
čьrstvu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
čьrstvu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
čьrstvu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
čьrstvoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
čьrstvama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
čьrstvoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
čьrstva (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
čьrstvě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
čьrstvě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
čьrstvoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
čьrstvama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
čьrstvoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
čьrstvu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
čьrstvu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
čьrstvu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
čьrstva (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
čьrstvě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
čьrstvě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
čьrstvi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
čьrstvy (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
čьrstva (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
čьrstvъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
čьrstvъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
čьrstvъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
čьrstvomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
čьrstvamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
čьrstvomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
čьrstvy (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
čьrstvy (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
čьrstva (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
čьrstvy (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
čьrstvami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
čьrstvy (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
čьrstvěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
čьrstvaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
čьrstvěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
čьrstvi (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
čьrstvy (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
čьrstva (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
c (accent-paradigm)
čьrstvъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
čьrstvaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
čьrstvoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
čьrstvajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
čьrstvyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
čьrstvajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
čьrstvujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
čьrstvěji (dative definite feminine singular)
čьrstvujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
čьrstvъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
čьrstvǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
čьrstvoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
čьrstvyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
čьrstvǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
čьrstvyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
čьrstvějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
čьrstvěji (definite feminine locative singular)
čьrstvějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
čьrstvъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
čьrstvaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
čьrstvoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
čьrstvaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
čьrstvěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
čьrstvěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
čьrstvuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
čьrstvuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
čьrstvuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
čьrstvyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
čьrstvyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
čьrstvyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
čьrstvaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
čьrstvěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
čьrstvěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
čьrstvyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
čьrstvyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
čьrstvyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
čьrstvuju (definite dual locative masculine)
čьrstvuju (definite dual feminine locative)
čьrstvuju (definite dual locative neuter)
čьrstvaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
čьrstvěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
čьrstvěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
čьrstviji (definite masculine nominative plural)
čьrstvyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
čьrstvaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
čьrstvъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
čьrstvъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
čьrstvъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
čьrstvyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
čьrstvyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
čьrstvyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
čьrstvyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
čьrstvyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
čьrstvaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
čьrstvyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
čьrstvyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
čьrstvyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
čьrstvyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
čьrstvyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
čьrstvyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
čьrstviji (definite masculine plural vocative)
čьrstvyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
čьrstvaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *čьrstvъ (hard, accent paradigm c)

Definite declension of *čьrstvъ (hard, accent paradigm c)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: чьрствъ (čĭrstvŭ)

Belarusian: чэ́рствы (čérstvy)

Russian: чёрствый (čórstvyj)

Ukrainian: черстви́й (čerstvýj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Russian Church Slavonic: чрьствъ (črĭstvŭ), чьрствъ (čĭrstvŭ)

Bulgarian: чевръ́ст (čevrǎ́st)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чвр̑ст

Latin script: čvȓst

Slovene: čvrst

West Slavic:

Old Czech: črstvý

Czech: čerstvý

Polish: czerstwy

Slovak: čerstvý

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: čerstwy

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kirst(w)os, from Proto-Indo-European *krt-two-. Cognate with Lithuanian kir̃stas (“sharp, harsh”).


čersti

čьrtenьje (noun-from-verb)
čersti (infinitive)
čerstъ (supine)
čьrtlъ (l-participle)
čьrtenъ (participle passive past)
čьrtomъ (participle passive present)
čьrtъ (active participle past)
čьrty (active participle present)
čьrtъ (aorist first-person singular)
čьrtoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
čьrte (aorist second-person singular)
čьrte (aorist singular third-person)
čьrtǫ (first-person present singular)
čьrteši (present second-person singular)
čьrtetь (present singular third-person)
čьrtově (aorist dual first-person)
čьrtoxově (aorist dual first-person)
čьrteta (aorist dual second-person)
čьrtosta (aorist dual second-person)
čьrtete (aorist dual third-person)
čьrtoste (aorist dual third-person)
čьrtevě (dual first-person present)
čьrteta (dual present second-person)
čьrtete (dual present third-person)
čьrtomъ (aorist first-person plural)
čьrtoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
čьrtete (aorist plural second-person)
čьrtoste (aorist plural second-person)
čьrtǫ (aorist plural third-person)
čьrtošę (aorist plural third-person)
čьrtemъ (first-person plural present)
čьrtete (plural present second-person)
čьrtǫtь (plural present third-person)
čьrtěaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
čьrtěaše (imperfect second-person singular)
čьrtěaše (imperfect singular third-person)
čьrti (imperative second-person singular)
čьrti (imperative singular third-person)
čьrtěaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
čьrtěašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
čьrtěašete (dual imperfect third-person)
čьrtěvě (dual first-person imperative)
čьrtěta (dual imperative second-person)
čьrtěaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
čьrtěašete (imperfect plural second-person)
čьrtěaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
čьrtěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
čьrtěte (imperative plural second-person)

Church Slavonic: чрѣсти (črěsti) (Russian)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *чьрсти (*čĭrsti)?, чьрту (čĭrtu, “to hew, slash”), очерести (očeresti)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

desc

Old Cyrillic script: очрѣсти (očrěsti, “to carve”)

Glagolitic script: ⱁⱍⱃⱑⱄⱅⰻ (očrěsti)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kert-, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kert-, extension of *(s)ker-.
Cognate with
Latvian cìrst (“to hew, slash”),
Lithuanian kir̃sti (“to hew, slash”),
Old High German scrintan (“to split, burst”),
Sanskrit कृन्तति (kṛntati, “to cut, split, break”).


(j)ęčьmy

ęčьmy (canonical masculine)
ęčьmy (nominative singular)
jęčьmy (nominative singular)
ęčьmeni (dual nominative)
jęčьmeni (dual nominative)
ęčьmene (nominative plural)
jęčьmene (nominative plural)
ęčьmene (genitive singular)
jęčьmene (genitive singular)
ęčьmenu (dual genitive)
jęčьmenu (dual genitive)
ęčьmenъ (genitive plural)
jęčьmenъ (genitive plural)
ęčьmeni (dative singular)
jęčьmeni (dative singular)
ęčьmenьma (dative dual)
jęčьmenьma (dative dual)
ęčьmenьmъ (dative plural)
jęčьmenьmъ (dative plural)
ęčьmenь (accusative singular)
jęčьmenь (accusative singular)
ęčьmeni (accusative dual)
jęčьmeni (accusative dual)
ęčьmeni (accusative plural)
jęčьmeni (accusative plural)
ęčьmenьmь (instrumental singular)
jęčьmenьmь (instrumental singular)
ęčьmenьma (dual instrumental)
jęčьmenьma (dual instrumental)
ęčьmenьmi (instrumental plural)
jęčьmenьmi (instrumental plural)
ęčьmene (locative singular)
jęčьmene (locative singular)
ęčьmenu (dual locative)
jęčьmenu (dual locative)
ęčьmenьxъ (locative plural)
jęčьmenьxъ (locative plural)
ęčьmy (singular vocative)
jęčьmy (singular vocative)
ęčьmeni (dual vocative)
jęčьmeni (dual vocative)
ęčьmene (plural vocative)
jęčьmene (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ѩчьмꙑ, ѩчьмень

Old Ruthenian: ѧчмень (jačmenʹ)

Belarusian: ячме́нь (jačmjénʹ)

Ukrainian: ячмі́нь (jačmínʹ)

Russian: ячме́нь (jačménʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: ѩчьнѣнъ

Glagolitic script: ⱗⱍⱐⱀⱑⱏ (jęčĭněŭ)

⇒ Bulgarian: ечеми́к (ečemík)

Macedonian: ја́чмен (jáčmen)

Serbo-Croatian:

Serbo-Croatian: јѐчам, [Term?], [Term?]

Serbo-Croatian: jèčam, jȅčmēn, jȁčmen

Slovene: jéčmen

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jěčmen

Czech: ječmen

Kashubian: jiczmë

Polabian: jącmin

Polish: jęczmień

Slovak: jačmeň

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: jacmjeń

Upper Sorbian: ječmjeń

From Early Proto-Slavic *ińčímūn. Unknown. Sometimes linked to Proto-Indo-European *h₂enk- (“to bend”) (see *ǫkotь (“hook”)), but the semantics are dubious. Alternatively, to Ancient Greek ἀκοστή (akostḗ, “barley”), Latin acus (“bran; awn”), Old English ēar (“ear of grain”), Gothic 𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌰 (ahana, “awn; chaff”), Tocharian B āk (“ear, awn”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp, pointed; awn”), though Beekes rejects the Greek connection. This suffers phonetic problems, namely that *č is unexpected and the nasal vowel would be unexplained. A third possibility is substrate origin, like many other agricultural terms in Indo-European.


ęga

ęga (nominative singular)
ędzě (dual nominative)
ęgy (nominative plural)
ęgy (genitive singular)
ęgu (dual genitive)
ęgъ (genitive plural)
ędzě (dative singular)
ęgama (dative dual)
ęgamъ (dative plural)
ęgǫ (accusative singular)
ędzě (accusative dual)
ęgy (accusative plural)
ęgojǫ (instrumental singular)
ęgǫ (instrumental singular)
ęgama (dual instrumental)
ęgami (instrumental plural)
ędzě (locative singular)
ęgu (dual locative)
ęgasъ (locative plural)
ęgaxъ (locative plural)
ęgo (singular vocative)
ędzě (dual vocative)
ęgy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ѧзѧ, ꙗзѧ (“ulcer”)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: ѧꙃа

Glagolitic script: ⱔⰷⰰ (ędza)

Bulgarian: еза́ (ezá), енза́ (enzá) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: је́за

Latin script: jéza

Slovene: jéza (tonal orthography)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *inˀgāˀ (per Trubačev (ESSJa), probably deverbial), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enǵʰ- (“to press, to tighten”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *inkô (“ache”), *angazaz (“worry, greif, anxiety”) and akin to Latvian îgns (“surly, morose”), Lithuanian ìngas (“lazy, idle”).


ęga

East Slavic:

desc

⇒ Russian: яга́я (jagája, “evil spirit”) (in mythology)

Ukrainian: я́зя (jázja, “witch”)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jězě

Czech: jezinka (“forest witch”); jaza (“evil old lady”) (dialectal)

Kashubian: jidza, jãdza, jãza

Polish: jędza (“hex, witch”)

⇒ Silesian: jyndzōna

Likely identical to Etymology 1, with South Slavic descendants borrowing the pronunciation of East Slavic (as both lack the effects of third palatalization).
Fringe hypotheses propose as alternatives:
* Iljinsky (ИОРЯС): Of expressive origin, akin to dial. Russian яга́ть (jagátʹ), яжи́ть (jažítʹ, “to shriek, to make noise”). Doubted by Vasmer, Sobolevsky.
* Berneker: Reflecting instead *jěga (possibly akin to Latin aeger (“sick”) or the same as Proto-Balto-Slavic *jḗˀgāˀ (“capacity, power”)) and further related to Russian егоза́ (jegozá, “bundle of nerves”), я́глый (jáglyj, “vigorous”). Formally incompatible with the West Slavic descendants. Doubted by Vasmer.

cog

(Slavic mythology) personification of calamity, death, diseases (typically depicted as a hex or an evil old woman)


ězъ

ězъ (nominative singular)
ěza (dual nominative)
ězi (nominative plural)
ěza (genitive singular)
ězu (dual genitive)
ězъ (genitive plural)
ězu (dative singular)
ězoma (dative dual)
ězomъ (dative plural)
ězъ (accusative singular)
ěza (accusative dual)
ězy (accusative plural)
ězъmь (instrumental singular)
ězomь (instrumental singular)
ězoma (dual instrumental)
ězy (instrumental plural)
ězě (locative singular)
ězu (dual locative)
ězěxъ (locative plural)
ěze (singular vocative)
ěza (dual vocative)
ězi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: яз m (jaz), ез m (jez)

Russian: иж m (iž) (dialectal), ёз m (joz)

Ukrainian: їз m (jiz), яз m (jaz)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: яз m (jaz)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ја̑з m

Latin script: jȃz

Slovene: jez m, ježa f

West Slavic:

Czech: jez m

Polabian: jaz

Polish: jaz m

Slovak: jaz, jez m

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *eźa-. Cognate with Latvian eža (“boundary(-strip), balk”), Lithuanian ežià (“boundary(-strip), balk”), Old Prussian asy (“boundary(-strip), balk”).


ěrьcь

ěrьcь (nominative singular)
ěrьca (dual nominative)
ěrьci (nominative plural)
ěrьca (genitive singular)
ěrьcu (dual genitive)
ěrьcь (genitive plural)
ěrьcu (dative singular)
ěrьcema (dative dual)
ěrьcemъ (dative plural)
ěrьcь (accusative singular)
ěrьca (accusative dual)
ěrьcę̇ (accusative plural)
ěrьcьmь (instrumental singular)
ěrьcemь (instrumental singular)
ěrьcema (dual instrumental)
ěrьci (instrumental plural)
ěrьci (locative singular)
ěrьcu (dual locative)
ěrьcixъ (locative plural)
ěrьče (singular vocative)
ěrьca (dual vocative)
ěrьci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: яре́ц (jaréc) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: яре́ць (jarécʹ) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: я́рец (járec)

Macedonian: јарец (jarec)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ја̏рац

Latin script: jȁrac

Slovene: jarec

West Slavic:

Polish: jarzec (dialectal)

Slovak: jarec


gnusiti

gnušenьje (noun-from-verb)
gnusiti (infinitive)
gnusitъ (supine)
gnusilъ (l-participle)
gnušenъ (participle passive past)
gnusimъ (participle passive present)
gnušь (active participle past)
gnusę (active participle present)
gnusixъ (aorist first-person singular)
gnusi (aorist second-person singular)
gnusi (aorist singular third-person)
gnušǫ (first-person present singular)
gnusiši (present second-person singular)
gnusitь (present singular third-person)
gnusixově (aorist dual first-person)
gnusista (aorist dual second-person)
gnusiste (aorist dual third-person)
gnusivě (dual first-person present)
gnusita (dual present second-person)
gnusite (dual present third-person)
gnusixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
gnusiste (aorist plural second-person)
gnusišę (aorist plural third-person)
gnusimъ (first-person plural present)
gnusite (plural present second-person)
gnusętь (plural present third-person)
gnušaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
gnušaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
gnušaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
gnusi (imperative second-person singular)
gnusi (imperative singular third-person)
gnušaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
gnušaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
gnušaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
gnusivě (dual first-person imperative)
gnusita (dual imperative second-person)
gnušaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
gnušaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
gnušaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
gnusimъ (first-person imperative plural)
gnusite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: гнуси́ть (gnusítʹ) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: гнуся́ (gnusjá)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: гну́сити

Latin script: gnúsiti

Slovene: gnusiti

West Slavic:

Czech: hnusit

Old Polish: gnusić

Slovak: hnusiť


ěrę

ěrę (nominative singular)
ěręti (dual nominative)
ěręta (nominative plural)
ěręte (genitive singular)
ěrętu (dual genitive)
ěrętъ (genitive plural)
ěręti (dative singular)
ěrętьma (dative dual)
ěrętьmъ (dative plural)
ěrę (accusative singular)
ěręti (accusative dual)
ěręta (accusative plural)
ěrętьmь (instrumental singular)
ěrętьma (dual instrumental)
ěręty (instrumental plural)
ěręte (locative singular)
ěrętu (dual locative)
ěrętьxъ (locative plural)
ěrę (singular vocative)
ěręti (dual vocative)
ěręta (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ярѧ (“lamb”)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: я́ре (járe, “kid”)

Macedonian: јаре (jare, “kid”)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ја̏ре (“kid”)

Latin script: jȁre

Slovene: jare (“lamb”)

West Slavic:

desc

⇒ Czech: jeřátko (“one and a half year-old sheep”)


gnusъ

gnȗsъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
gnȗsъ (nominative singular)
gnȗsa (dual nominative)
gnȗsi (nominative plural)
gnȗsa (genitive singular)
gnusù (dual genitive)
gnũsъ (genitive plural)
gnȗsu (dative singular)
gnusomà (dative dual)
gnusòmъ (dative plural)
gnȗsъ (accusative singular)
gnȗsa (accusative dual)
gnȗsy (accusative plural)
gnȗsъmь (instrumental singular)
gnȗsomь (instrumental singular)
gnusomà (dual instrumental)
gnusý (instrumental plural)
gnȗsě (locative singular)
gnusù (dual locative)
gnusě̃xъ (locative plural)
gnuse (singular vocative)
gnȗsa (dual vocative)
gnȗsi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: гнюс (hnjus)

Russian: гнус (gnus)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: гнус (gnus)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: гну̑с

Latin script: gnȗs

Slovene: gnus

West Slavic:

Old Czech: hnus

Czech: hnus

Old Polish: gnus

Slovak: hnus

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: gonosz

May be related to Proto-Germanic *gnattaz


golota

golota (nominative singular)
golotě (dual nominative)
goloty (nominative plural)
goloty (genitive singular)
golotu (dual genitive)
golotъ (genitive plural)
golotě (dative singular)
golotama (dative dual)
golotamъ (dative plural)
golotǫ (accusative singular)
golotě (accusative dual)
goloty (accusative plural)
golotojǫ (instrumental singular)
golotǫ (instrumental singular)
golotama (dual instrumental)
golotami (instrumental plural)
golotě (locative singular)
golotu (dual locative)
golotasъ (locative plural)
golotaxъ (locative plural)
goloto (singular vocative)
golotě (dual vocative)
goloty (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: голота́ (golotá) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: голо́та (holóta)

→ Polish: hołota

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: голота́ (golotá)

Macedonian: го́лота (gólota)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: голо̀та

Latin script: golòta

Slovene: golota

West Slavic:

Czech: holota

Polish: gołota (obsolete)

Slovak: holota


slǫka

slǫ̀ka (canonical feminine)
a (accent-paradigm)
slǫ̀ka (nominative singular)
slǫ̀cě (dual nominative)
slǫ̀ky (nominative plural)
slǫ̀ky (genitive singular)
slǫ̀ku (dual genitive)
slǫ̀kъ (genitive plural)
slǫ̀cě (dative singular)
slǫ̀kama (dative dual)
slǫ̀kamъ (dative plural)
slǫ̀kǫ (accusative singular)
slǫ̀cě (accusative dual)
slǫ̀ky (accusative plural)
slǫ̀kojǫ (instrumental singular)
slǫ̀kǭ (instrumental singular)
slǫ̀kama (dual instrumental)
slǫ̀kamī (instrumental plural)
slǫ̀cě (locative singular)
slǫ̀ku (dual locative)
slǫ̀kasъ (locative plural)
slǫ̀kaxъ (locative plural)
slǫ̀ko (singular vocative)
slǫ̀cě (dual vocative)
slǫ̀ky (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: слу́ка (slúka)

Ukrainian: слу́ква (slúkva)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: шљу̏ка

Latin script: šljuka

Slovene: sloka

Macedonian: шлука (šluka)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: sluka

Czech: sluka

Polish: słonka

Slovak: sluka

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: szalonka

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *slankāˀ. Cognate with Latvian slùoka (“snipe”), Lithuanian slanka (“snipe”), Old Prussian slanke (“snipe”).


směxъ

směxъ (nominative singular)
směxa (dual nominative)
směśi (nominative plural)
směxa (genitive singular)
směxu (dual genitive)
směxъ (genitive plural)
směxu (dative singular)
směxoma (dative dual)
směxomъ (dative plural)
směxъ (accusative singular)
směxa (accusative dual)
směxy (accusative plural)
směxъmь (instrumental singular)
směxomь (instrumental singular)
směxoma (dual instrumental)
směxy (instrumental plural)
směśě (locative singular)
směxu (dual locative)
směśěxъ (locative plural)
směše (singular vocative)
směxa (dual vocative)
směśi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: смѣхъ (směxŭ)

Belarusian: смех (smjex)

Russian: смех (smex)

Ukrainian: сміх (smix)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: смѣхъ (směxŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⰿⱑⱈⱏ (směxŭ)

Bulgarian: смях (smjah)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сме̑х

Latin script: smȇh

Slovene: smeh

West Slavic:

Old Czech: smiech

Czech: smích

Polabian: smex

Old Polish: śmiech

Polish: śmiech

Silesian: śmiych

Slovak: smiech

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: směch

Upper Sorbian: směch


nerstъ

nȇrstъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
nȇrstъ (nominative singular)
nȇrsta (dual nominative)
nȇrsti (nominative plural)
nȇrsta (genitive singular)
nerstù (dual genitive)
nẽrstъ (genitive plural)
nȇrstu (dative singular)
nerstomà (dative dual)
nerstòmъ (dative plural)
nȇrstъ (accusative singular)
nȇrsta (accusative dual)
nȇrsty (accusative plural)
nȇrstъmь (instrumental singular)
nȇrstomь (instrumental singular)
nerstomà (dual instrumental)
nerstý (instrumental plural)
nȇrstě (locative singular)
nerstù (dual locative)
nerstě̃xъ (locative plural)
nerste (singular vocative)
nȇrsta (dual vocative)
nȇrsti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: нерестъ m (nerestŭ)

Belarusian: не́раст m (njérast)

Russian: не́рест m (nérest)

Ukrainian: не́рест m (nérest)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: мре̑ст f

Latin script: mrȇst f

Slovene: drest m, mrest m

West Slavic:

Old Czech: neřest f

Old Polish: *nrzost, mrzost

Polish: mrzost m (dialectal), nerest m (dialectal)

Slovak: neres m (dialectal), neresť f (dialectal)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *nérśtas. Cognate with Latvian nȩ̄̀rsts (“spawning”), Lithuanian ner̃štas (“spawning”).


sitъ

sĩtъ (canonical masculine)
b (accent-paradigm)
sĩtъ (nominative singular)
sītà (dual nominative)
sītì (nominative plural)
sītà (genitive singular)
sītù (dual genitive)
sĩtъ (genitive plural)
sītù (dative singular)
sītòma (dative dual)
sītòmъ (dative plural)
sĩtъ (accusative singular)
sītà (accusative dual)
sītỳ (accusative plural)
sītъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
sītòmь (instrumental singular)
sītòma (dual instrumental)
sĩty (instrumental plural)
sītě̀ (locative singular)
sītù (dual locative)
sĩtěxъ (locative plural)
site (singular vocative)
sītà (dual vocative)
sītì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ситникъ (sitnikŭ), ситие (sitie), сѣтникъ (sětnikŭ)

Belarusian: сіт (sit, “Juncus”); сіто́ўник (sitóŭnik, “Pycreus”); сі́тник (sítnik) and сітня́к (sitnják, “Scirpus spp.”); сыць (sycʹ, “Cyperus”)

Russian: си́тник (sítnik, “Juncus”); сито́вник (sitóvnik, “Pycreus”); сыть (sytʹ) and less commonly сить (sitʹ), obsoletely in dialects сит (sit), are used for Cyperus

Ukrainian: си́тни́к (sýtnýk, “Juncus”); ; сить (sytʹ, “Cyperus”); ситівни́к (sytivnýk, “Pycreus”); оситня́к (osytnják, “Juncus”); ситня́г (sytnjáh) and rarer сітня́г (sitnjáh, “Eleocharis”); dialect words: сито́вина (sytóvyna, “Scirpus spp.”), сіто́вина (sitóvyna, “Juncus spp.”)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: си́та (síta, “Juncus”), си́тка (sítka, “Scirpus”)

Serbo-Croatian: (“rush”)

Cyrillic script: си̑т

Latin script: sȋt

Slovene: sȋt (“rush”), site, sȋtje, sitína

West Slavic:

Old Czech: sítie, sít (“rush”)

Czech: sítí (dated), ⇒ sítina (“rush”)

Polish: sit

Slovak: sitina, sitie

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: syś, syśe, syśina

Upper Sorbian: syćina f, syćizna f, syćinka f, syćel f, syće n, syćo n

Explained as identical to *sětь (“net”) and Latvian saĩte (“string, cord, tie, leash”), Lithuanian siẽtas, saĩtas (“tie”), Old Prussian saytan (“strap, belt”), Proto-Germanic *saiþa- (→ Old High German seid (“cord”)).
However based on a dialectal variant сита́рь (sitárʹ), also сита́ль (sitálʹ), in Russian, as well as by reason of си́тникъ (sítnik) often meaning wheaten bread, Vasmer declared it borrowed from Ancient Greek σιτάριον (sitárion), σῖτος (sîtos, “corn”), in Greek σιτάρι (sitári, “wheat”).


sětь

sětь (nominative singular)
sěti (dual nominative)
sěti (nominative plural)
sěti (genitive singular)
sětьju (dual genitive)
sětьjь (genitive plural)
sěti (dative singular)
sětьma (dative dual)
sětьmъ (dative plural)
sětь (accusative singular)
sěti (accusative dual)
sěti (accusative plural)
sětьjǫ (instrumental singular)
sětьma (dual instrumental)
sětьmi (instrumental plural)
sěti (locative singular)
sětьju (dual locative)
sětьxъ (locative plural)
sěti (singular vocative)
sěti (dual vocative)
sěti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: сѣть (sětĭ)

Belarusian: сець (sjecʹ)

Russian: сеть (setʹ)

Ukrainian: сіть (sitʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: сѣть (sětĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱑⱅⱐ (sětĭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

⇒ Cyrillic script: се̏тити

⇒ Latin script: sȅtiti

West Slavic:

Old Czech: siet

Czech: síť

desctree

Old Polish: sieć
Polish: sieć
Silesian: siyć

Slovak: sieť

Polabian: sect

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: séc

Slovincian: séc

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: seś

Upper Sorbian: syć

From a Pre-slavic form *sáitis, inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sáiˀtas (“tie, cord”), from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂oy-tó-s, from the root *sh₂ey- (“to bind, fetter”). Cognate to Proto-Germanic *saidô (“band”).


golěmъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *golěmъ (hard)

Definite declension of *golěmъ (hard)

golěmъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
golěma (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
golěmo (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
golěma (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
golěmy (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
golěma (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
golěmu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
golěmě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
golěmu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
golěmъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
golěmǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
golěmo (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
golěmomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
golěmojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
golěmomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
golěmě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
golěmě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
golěmě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
golěme (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
golěmo (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
golěmo (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
golěma (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
golěmě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
golěmě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
golěmu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
golěmu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
golěmu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
golěmoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
golěmama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
golěmoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
golěma (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
golěmě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
golěmě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
golěmoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
golěmama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
golěmoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
golěmu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
golěmu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
golěmu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
golěma (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
golěmě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
golěmě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
golěmi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
golěmy (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
golěma (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
golěmъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
golěmъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
golěmъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
golěmomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
golěmamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
golěmomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
golěmy (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
golěmy (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
golěma (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
golěmy (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
golěmami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
golěmy (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
golěměxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
golěmaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
golěměxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
golěmi (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
golěmy (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
golěma (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
golěmъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
golěmaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
golěmoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
golěmajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
golěmyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
golěmajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
golěmujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
golěměji (dative definite feminine singular)
golěmujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
golěmъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
golěmǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
golěmoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
golěmyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
golěmǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
golěmyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
golěmějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
golěměji (definite feminine locative singular)
golěmějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
golěmъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
golěmaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
golěmoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
golěmaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
golěměji (definite dual feminine nominative)
golěměji (definite dual neuter nominative)
golěmuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
golěmuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
golěmuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
golěmyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
golěmyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
golěmyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
golěmaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
golěměji (accusative definite dual feminine)
golěměji (accusative definite dual neuter)
golěmyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
golěmyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
golěmyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
golěmuju (definite dual locative masculine)
golěmuju (definite dual feminine locative)
golěmuju (definite dual locative neuter)
golěmaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
golěměji (definite dual feminine vocative)
golěměji (definite dual neuter vocative)
golěmiji (definite masculine nominative plural)
golěmyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
golěmaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
golěmъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
golěmъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
golěmъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
golěmyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
golěmyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
golěmyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
golěmyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
golěmyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
golěmaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
golěmyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
golěmyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
golěmyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
golěmyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
golěmyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
golěmyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
golěmiji (definite masculine plural vocative)
golěmyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
golěmaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: голѣмꙑи (golěmyi)

Russian: голя́мый (goljámyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Russian Church Slavonic: голѣмыи (golěmyi)

Bulgarian: голя́м (goljám)

Macedonian: голем (golem)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: го̀лем

Latin script: gòlem

West Slavic:

Old Czech: holemý

Polish: golemy

Perhaps a relic present passive participle of Proto-Balto-Slavic *galḗˀtei (“to have capacity”) + *-ěmъ, cognate with Lithuanian galė́ti (“to be able”) (present participle galėjimas). Further akin to Lithuanian galià (“power, might”), gãlimas (“mighty”), possibly Gaulish gallus (“Gaul”).
For the suffix, compare Latin volaemum (“large pear”).

cog

→ great (for action, effect)

→ important, eminent, highly regarded (for person, status)

(by extension) big, large, huge (for size)


golǫbъ

gȍlǫbъ (canonical)
golǫbъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
golǫba (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
golǫbo (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
golǫba (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
golǫby (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
golǫba (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
golǫbu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
golǫbě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
golǫbu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
golǫbъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
golǫbǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
golǫbo (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
golǫbomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
golǫbojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
golǫbomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
golǫbě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
golǫbě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
golǫbě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
golǫbe (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
golǫbo (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
golǫbo (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
golǫba (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
golǫbě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
golǫbě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
golǫbu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
golǫbu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
golǫbu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
golǫboma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
golǫbama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
golǫboma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
golǫba (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
golǫbě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
golǫbě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
golǫboma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
golǫbama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
golǫboma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
golǫbu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
golǫbu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
golǫbu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
golǫba (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
golǫbě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
golǫbě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
golǫbi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
golǫby (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
golǫba (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
golǫbъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
golǫbъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
golǫbъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
golǫbomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
golǫbamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
golǫbomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
golǫby (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
golǫby (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
golǫba (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
golǫby (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
golǫbami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
golǫby (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
golǫběxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
golǫbaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
golǫběxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
golǫbi (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
golǫby (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
golǫba (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
golǫbъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
golǫbaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
golǫboje (definite neuter nominative singular)
golǫbajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
golǫbyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
golǫbajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
golǫbujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
golǫběji (dative definite feminine singular)
golǫbujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
golǫbъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
golǫbǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
golǫboje (accusative definite neuter singular)
golǫbyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
golǫbǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
golǫbyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
golǫbějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
golǫběji (definite feminine locative singular)
golǫbějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
golǫbъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
golǫbaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
golǫboje (definite neuter singular vocative)
golǫbaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
golǫběji (definite dual feminine nominative)
golǫběji (definite dual neuter nominative)
golǫbuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
golǫbuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
golǫbuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
golǫbyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
golǫbyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
golǫbyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
golǫbaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
golǫběji (accusative definite dual feminine)
golǫběji (accusative definite dual neuter)
golǫbyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
golǫbyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
golǫbyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
golǫbuju (definite dual locative masculine)
golǫbuju (definite dual feminine locative)
golǫbuju (definite dual locative neuter)
golǫbaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
golǫběji (definite dual feminine vocative)
golǫběji (definite dual neuter vocative)
golǫbiji (definite masculine nominative plural)
golǫbyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
golǫbaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
golǫbъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
golǫbъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
golǫbъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
golǫbyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
golǫbyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
golǫbyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
golǫbyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
golǫbyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
golǫbaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
golǫbyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
golǫbyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
golǫbyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
golǫbyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
golǫbyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
golǫbyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
golǫbiji (definite masculine plural vocative)
golǫbyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
golǫbaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *golǫbъ (hard)

Definite declension of *golǫbъ (hard)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: голѫбъ (golǫbŭ), голубъ (golubŭ)
Old Ruthenian: голубы́й (holubýj)
Belarusian: галубы́ (halubý) (dialectal)
Carpathian Rusyn: голубы́й (holubŷ́j)
Ukrainian: голуби́й (holubýj)
Russian: голубо́й (golubój), голубы́й (golubýj) (dialectal) (see there for further descendants)

Old Novgorodian: голѫбе (golǫbe)

South Slavic:

desc

Bulgarian: гь́лъп (gʹ́lǎp, “blue, dark blue”) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: голу̀бијӣ (“pigeon; dove-coloured”)

Latin script: golùbijī (“pigeon; dove-coloured”)

Slovene: golobji

West Slavic:

Czech: holubí

Old Polish: gołęby (“grayish, ashy, dove-coloured”)

Polish: gołębi

→ Old Prussian: golimban (“blue”)

Slovak: holubí

Back-formation from *gȍlǭbь (“pigeon”), referring to the bird's neck plumage, i.e. “pigeon-colored”.


gnusьnъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *gnusьnъ (hard)

Definite declension of *gnusьnъ (hard)

gnusьnъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
gnusьna (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
gnusьno (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
gnusьna (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
gnusьny (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
gnusьna (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
gnusьnu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
gnusьně (dative feminine indefinite singular)
gnusьnu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
gnusьnъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
gnusьnǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
gnusьno (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
gnusьnomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
gnusьnojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
gnusьnomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
gnusьně (indefinite locative masculine singular)
gnusьně (feminine indefinite locative singular)
gnusьně (indefinite locative neuter singular)
gnusьne (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
gnusьno (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
gnusьno (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
gnusьna (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
gnusьně (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
gnusьně (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
gnusьnu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
gnusьnu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
gnusьnu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
gnusьnoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
gnusьnama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
gnusьnoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
gnusьna (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
gnusьně (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
gnusьně (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
gnusьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
gnusьnama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
gnusьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
gnusьnu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
gnusьnu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
gnusьnu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
gnusьna (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
gnusьně (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
gnusьně (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
gnusьni (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
gnusьny (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
gnusьna (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
gnusьnъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
gnusьnъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
gnusьnъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
gnusьnomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
gnusьnamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
gnusьnomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
gnusьny (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
gnusьny (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
gnusьna (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
gnusьny (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
gnusьnami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
gnusьny (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
gnusьněxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
gnusьnaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
gnusьněxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
gnusьni (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
gnusьny (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
gnusьna (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
gnusьnъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
gnusьnaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
gnusьnoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
gnusьnajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
gnusьnyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
gnusьnajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
gnusьnujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
gnusьněji (dative definite feminine singular)
gnusьnujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
gnusьnъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
gnusьnǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
gnusьnoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
gnusьnyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
gnusьnǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
gnusьnyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
gnusьnějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
gnusьněji (definite feminine locative singular)
gnusьnějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
gnusьnъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
gnusьnaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
gnusьnoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
gnusьnaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
gnusьněji (definite dual feminine nominative)
gnusьněji (definite dual neuter nominative)
gnusьnuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
gnusьnuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
gnusьnuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
gnusьnyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
gnusьnyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
gnusьnyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
gnusьnaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
gnusьněji (accusative definite dual feminine)
gnusьněji (accusative definite dual neuter)
gnusьnyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
gnusьnyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
gnusьnyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
gnusьnuju (definite dual locative masculine)
gnusьnuju (definite dual feminine locative)
gnusьnuju (definite dual locative neuter)
gnusьnaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
gnusьněji (definite dual feminine vocative)
gnusьněji (definite dual neuter vocative)
gnusьniji (definite masculine nominative plural)
gnusьnyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
gnusьnaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
gnusьnъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
gnusьnъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
gnusьnъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
gnusьnyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
gnusьnyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
gnusьnyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
gnusьnyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
gnusьnyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
gnusьnaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
gnusьnyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
gnusьnyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
gnusьnyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
gnusьnyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
gnusьnyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
gnusьnyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
gnusьniji (definite masculine plural vocative)
gnusьnyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
gnusьnaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: гну́сный (gnúsnyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: гноусьнъ (gnusĭnŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰳⱀⱆⱄⱐⱀⱏ (gnusĭnŭ)

Bulgarian: гну́сен (gnúsen)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: гну̏сан

Latin script: gnȕsan

Slovene: gnusen

West Slavic:

Old Czech: hnusný

Czech: hnusný

Polish: gnuśny

Slovak: hnusný


lъkno

lъkno (nominative singular)
lъkně (dual nominative)
lъkna (nominative plural)
lъkna (genitive singular)
lъknu (dual genitive)
lъknъ (genitive plural)
lъknu (dative singular)
lъknoma (dative dual)
lъknomъ (dative plural)
lъkno (accusative singular)
lъkně (accusative dual)
lъkna (accusative plural)
lъknъmь (instrumental singular)
lъknomь (instrumental singular)
lъknoma (dual instrumental)
lъkny (instrumental plural)
lъkně (locative singular)
lъknu (dual locative)
lъkněxъ (locative plural)
lъkno (singular vocative)
lъkně (dual vocative)
lъkna (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: локно́ (loknó) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: локно́ (loknó) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Slovene: lekno

West Slavic:

Old Czech: lekno

⇒ Czech: leknín

Slovak: lekno

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lukna. Cognate with Lithuanian lū̃gnė, lùgnė, lùknė (“yellow water-lily”).


slimakъ

slimakъ (nominative singular)
slimaka (dual nominative)
slimaci (nominative plural)
slimaka (genitive singular)
slimaku (dual genitive)
slimakъ (genitive plural)
slimaku (dative singular)
slimakoma (dative dual)
slimakomъ (dative plural)
slimakъ (accusative singular)
slimaka (accusative dual)
slimaky (accusative plural)
slimakъmь (instrumental singular)
slimakomь (instrumental singular)
slimakoma (dual instrumental)
slimaky (instrumental plural)
slimacě (locative singular)
slimaku (dual locative)
slimacěxъ (locative plural)
slimače (singular vocative)
slimaka (dual vocative)
slimaci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *слимакъ (*slimakŭ)

Old Ruthenian: слима́къ (slimák)

desc

Belarusian: сліма́к (slimák), сьліма́к (sʹlimák) — Taraškievica orthography

Ukrainian: слима́к (slymák), (dialectal) слима́ґ (slymág), сломо́к (slomók), слимба́к (slymbák)

Russian: (dialectal) слима́к (slimák)

South Slavic:

Macedonian: (dialectal) слимук (slimuk)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: slimák

Czech: slimák

Old Polish: ślimak

Polish: ślimak

Silesian: ślimŏk

Slovak: slimák

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: slinik

Upper Sorbian: šlink

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sleiˀm-, from Proto-Indo-European *sleh₁y-m-. Cognate with Ancient Greek λεῖμαξ (leîmax, “slug”), Latin līmāx (“slug”).


nedǫgъ

nedǫ̀gъ (canonical masculine)
a (accent-paradigm)
nedǫ̀gъ (nominative singular)
nedǫ̀ga (dual nominative)
nedǫ̀dzi (nominative plural)
nedǫ̀ga (genitive singular)
nedǫ̀gu (dual genitive)
nedǫ̀gъ (genitive plural)
nedǫ̀gu (dative singular)
nedǫ̀goma (dative dual)
nedǫ̀gomъ (dative plural)
nedǫ̀gъ (accusative singular)
nedǫ̀ga (accusative dual)
nedǫ̀gy (accusative plural)
nedǫ̀gъmь (instrumental singular)
nedǫ̀gomь (instrumental singular)
nedǫ̀goma (dual instrumental)
nedǫ̀gȳ (instrumental plural)
nedǫ̀dzě (locative singular)
nedǫ̀gu (dual locative)
nedǫ̀dzě̄xъ (locative plural)
nedǫ̀že (singular vocative)
nedǫ̀ga (dual vocative)
nedǫ̀dzi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: недугъ (nedugŭ)

Russian: неду́г (nedúg)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: недѫгъ (nedǫgŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱀⰵⰴⱘⰳⱏ (nedǫgŭ)

Bulgarian: недъ́г (nedǎ́g)

West Slavic:

Czech: neduh

Slovak: neduh


lǫgъ

lǫ̑gъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
lǫ̑gъ (nominative singular)
lǫ̑ga (dual nominative)
lǫ̑dzi (nominative plural)
lǫ̑ga (genitive singular)
lǫgù (dual genitive)
lǫ̃gъ (genitive plural)
lǫ̑gu (dative singular)
lǫgomà (dative dual)
lǫgòmъ (dative plural)
lǫ̑gъ (accusative singular)
lǫ̑ga (accusative dual)
lǫ̑gy (accusative plural)
lǫ̑gъmь (instrumental singular)
lǫ̑gomь (instrumental singular)
lǫgomà (dual instrumental)
lǫgý (instrumental plural)
lǫ̑dzě (locative singular)
lǫgù (dual locative)
lǫdzě̃xъ (locative plural)
lǫže (singular vocative)
lǫ̑ga (dual vocative)
lǫ̑dzi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: луг (lug)

Ukrainian: луг (luh)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: лѫгъ (lǫgŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰾⱘⰳⱏ (lǫgŭ)

Bulgarian: лъг (lǎg)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: лу̑г

Latin script: lȗg

Slovene: lọ̑g (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: luh

Czech: luh

Polish: łąg, łęg

Slovak: luh

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: ług

Upper Sorbian: łuh

Non-Slavic:

→ German: Luch

→ Byzantine Greek: λόγγος (lóngos)

Greek: λόγγος (lóngos)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lunˀgas, from Proto-Indo-European *lengʷʰ-. Cognate with Old Prussian Langa (“name of a brook”), Langodis (“name of a swamp”).

depression (in land), lowland, meadow, valley


luža

lùža (canonical feminine)
a (accent-paradigm)
lùža (nominative singular)
lùži (dual nominative)
lùžę̇ (nominative plural)
lùžę̇ (genitive singular)
lùžu (dual genitive)
lùžь (genitive plural)
lùžī (dative singular)
lùžama (dative dual)
lùžāmъ (dative plural)
lùžǫ (accusative singular)
lùži (accusative dual)
lùžę̇ (accusative plural)
lùžējǫ (instrumental singular)
lùžǭ (instrumental singular)
lùžama (dual instrumental)
lùžāmī (instrumental plural)
lùžī (locative singular)
lùžu (dual locative)
lùžāsъ (locative plural)
lùže (singular vocative)
lùži (dual vocative)
lùžę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: лужа (luža)

Russian: лу́жа (lúža)

Ukrainian: лу́жа (lúža)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: лужа (luža)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: лу̏жа

Latin script: lȕža

Slovene: lúža (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: lúžě

Czech: louže

Polish: łuża (dialectal)

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: łuža

Upper Sorbian: łuža

Cognate with Latvian l̨ugа, luga, Lithuanian liū̃gnas, liū̃gas, lūgas, and perhaps Ancient Greek Λούγεον (Loúgeon, “swamp”) and Albanian lëgatë, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“swamp, black, dark”).


rojь

ròjь (canonical masculine)
b (accent-paradigm)
ròjь (nominative singular)
rojà (dual nominative)
rojì (nominative plural)
rojà (genitive singular)
rojù (dual genitive)
ròjь (genitive plural)
rojù (dative singular)
rojèma (dative dual)
ròjemъ (dative plural)
ròjь (accusative singular)
rojà (accusative dual)
roję̇̀ (accusative plural)
rojь̀mь (instrumental singular)
rojèmь (instrumental singular)
rojèma (dual instrumental)
ròji (instrumental plural)
rojì (locative singular)
rojù (dual locative)
ròjixъ (locative plural)
roju (singular vocative)
rojà (dual vocative)
rojì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: рои (roi)

Old Ruthenian: рой (roj)

Belarusian: рой (roj)

Ukrainian: рій (rij)

Russian: рой (roj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: рои (roi)

Glagolitic script: ⱃⱁⰻ (roi)

Bulgarian: рой (roj)

Macedonian: рој (roj)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ро̑ј

Latin script: rȏj

Slovene: ròj

West Slavic:

Old Czech: roj

Czech: roj

Polish: rój

Slovak: roj

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: roj

Upper Sorbian: rój

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: raj

→ Romanian: roi

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *rajas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃royH-o-s. Cognate with Latin rivus (“brook, stream”).


tęti

tętьje (noun-from-verb)
tęti (infinitive)
tętъ (supine)
tęlъ (l-participle)
tętъ (participle passive past)
tьnomъ (participle passive present)
tьnъ (active participle past)
tьny (active participle present)
tęsъ (aorist first-person singular)
tę (aorist second-person singular)
tę (aorist singular third-person)
tьnǫ (first-person present singular)
tьneši (present second-person singular)
tьnetь (present singular third-person)
tęsově (aorist dual first-person)
tęsta (aorist dual second-person)
tęste (aorist dual third-person)
tьnevě (dual first-person present)
tьneta (dual present second-person)
tьnete (dual present third-person)
tęsomъ (aorist first-person plural)
tęste (aorist plural second-person)
tęsę (aorist plural third-person)
tьnemъ (first-person plural present)
tьnete (plural present second-person)
tьnǫtь (plural present third-person)
tьněaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
tьněaše (imperfect second-person singular)
tьněaše (imperfect singular third-person)
tьni (imperative second-person singular)
tьni (imperative singular third-person)
tьněaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
tьněašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
tьněašete (dual imperfect third-person)
tьněvě (dual first-person imperative)
tьněta (dual imperative second-person)
tьněaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
tьněašete (imperfect plural second-person)
tьněaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
tьněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
tьněte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: тѧти

Belarusian: цяць (cjacʹ)

Russian: тять (tjatʹ) (archaic)

Ukrainian: тя́ти (tjáty)

South Slavic:

Slovene: tẹ́ti (tonal orthography) (dialectal)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: cąc

Old Czech: tieti

Czech: tít, tnout

Polabian: tąt

Polish: ciąć, tnąć

Silesian: ciōńć

Slovak: ťať

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: ćeć

Lower Sorbian: śěś

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tinˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *temh₁-.


tvьrdь

tvьrdь (nominative singular)
tvьrdi (dual nominative)
tvьrdi (nominative plural)
tvьrdi (genitive singular)
tvьrdьju (dual genitive)
tvьrďu (dual genitive)
tvьrdьjь (genitive plural)
tvьrdi (genitive plural)
tvьrdi (dative singular)
tvьrdьma (dative dual)
tvьrdьmъ (dative plural)
tvьrdь (accusative singular)
tvьrdi (accusative dual)
tvьrdi (accusative plural)
tvьrdьjǫ (instrumental singular)
tvьrďǫ (instrumental singular)
tvьrdьma (dual instrumental)
tvьrdьmi (instrumental plural)
tvьrdi (locative singular)
tvьrdьju (dual locative)
tvьrďu (dual locative)
tvьrdьxъ (locative plural)
tvьrdi (singular vocative)
tvьrdi (dual vocative)
tvьrdi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: твьрдь (tvĭrdĭ)

Russian: твердь (tverdʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: тврьдь (tvrĭdĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱅⰲⱃⱐⰴⱐ (tvrĭdĭ)

Bulgarian: твърд (tvǎrd) (archaic)

West Slavic:

Old Polish: twierdza

Polish: twierdza


nejęsytь

nejęsytь (nominative singular)
nejęsyti (dual nominative)
nejęsyti (nominative plural)
nejęsyti (genitive singular)
nejęsytьju (dual genitive)
nejęsytьjь (genitive plural)
nejęsyti (dative singular)
nejęsytьma (dative dual)
nejęsytьmъ (dative plural)
nejęsytь (accusative singular)
nejęsyti (accusative dual)
nejęsyti (accusative plural)
nejęsytьjǫ (instrumental singular)
nejęsytьma (dual instrumental)
nejęsytьmi (instrumental plural)
nejęsyti (locative singular)
nejęsytьju (dual locative)
nejęsytьxъ (locative plural)
nejęsyti (singular vocative)
nejęsyti (dual vocative)
nejęsyti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: неѩсꙑть

Russian: нея́сыть (nejásytʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: неѩсꙑть

Glagolitic script: ⱀⰵⱗⱄⱏⰹⱅⱐ (nejęsytĭ)

Bulgarian: не́сит (nésit)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: несит

Latin script: nesit

Slovene: nesìt

Per Shapiro, possibly composed of Proto-Indo-European *ne-h₁m-seh₂-tis, equivalent to *ne- (“not”) + *ęti (“to take”) + *sytь (“satiation”), perhaps meaning something like “the insatiable taker”.


sědlo

sě̄dlò (canonical neuter)
b (accent-paradigm)
sě̄dlò (nominative singular)
sě̃dlě (dual nominative)
sě̄dlà (nominative plural)
sě̄dlà (genitive singular)
sě̄dlù (dual genitive)
sě̃dlъ (genitive plural)
sě̄dlù (dative singular)
sě̄dlòma (dative dual)
sě̄dlòmъ (dative plural)
sě̄dlò (accusative singular)
sě̃dlě (accusative dual)
sě̄dlà (accusative plural)
sě̄dlъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
sě̄dlòmь (instrumental singular)
sě̄dlòma (dual instrumental)
sě̃dly (instrumental plural)
sě̄dlě̀ (locative singular)
sě̄dlù (dual locative)
sě̃dlěxъ (locative plural)
sě̄dlò (singular vocative)
sě̃dlě (dual vocative)
sě̄dlà (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: sélo, sijélo (“evening party in the village”)

desc

Cyrillic script: се́ло, сије́ло (“evening party in the village”)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: siedlo

Czech: sídlo

Old Polish: siadło

⇒ Polish: Długosiodło

Slovak: sídlo

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: sedło

Upper Sorbian: sydło

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sēdla, from Proto-Indo-European *sed-lo-m, equivalent to *sěděti + *-lo.


tvorъ

tvȍrъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
tvȍrъ (nominative singular)
tvȍra (dual nominative)
tvȍri (nominative plural)
tvȍra (genitive singular)
tvorù (dual genitive)
tvòrъ (genitive plural)
tvȍru (dative singular)
tvoromà (dative dual)
tvoròmъ (dative plural)
tvȍrъ (accusative singular)
tvȍra (accusative dual)
tvȍry (accusative plural)
tvȍrъmь (instrumental singular)
tvȍromь (instrumental singular)
tvoromà (dual instrumental)
tvorý (instrumental plural)
tvȍrě (locative singular)
tvorù (dual locative)
tvorě̃xъ (locative plural)
tvore (singular vocative)
tvȍra (dual vocative)
tvȍri (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: творъ (tvorŭ)

Ukrainian: твір (tvir)

Belarusian: твор (tvor)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: творъ (tvorŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱅⰲⱁⱃⱏ (tvorŭ)

Slovene: tvor

Serbo-Croatian: ство̏р

West Slavic:

Old Czech: tvor

Czech: tvor

Polish: twór

Slovak: tvor

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *twaras, from Proto-Indo-European *tworHos, equivalent to *tvoriti + *-ъ. Cognate with Lithuanian ãp-tvaras, Ancient Greek σορός (sorós, “urn”).


turъ

tȗrъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
tȗrъ (nominative singular)
tȗra (dual nominative)
tȗri (nominative plural)
tȗra (genitive singular)
turù (dual genitive)
tũrъ (genitive plural)
tȗru (dative singular)
turomà (dative dual)
turòmъ (dative plural)
tȗrъ (accusative singular)
tȗra (accusative dual)
tȗry (accusative plural)
tȗrъmь (instrumental singular)
tȗromь (instrumental singular)
turomà (dual instrumental)
turý (instrumental plural)
tȗrě (locative singular)
turù (dual locative)
turě̃xъ (locative plural)
ture (singular vocative)
tȗra (dual vocative)
tȗri (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: туръ (turŭ)
Old Ruthenian: туръ (tur)
Belarusian: тур (tur)
Carpathian Rusyn: тур (tur)
Ukrainian: тур (tur)
Russian: тур (tur)

Old Novgorodian: *туре (*ture)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: тоуръ (turŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱅⱆⱃⱏ (turŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ту̑р

Latin script: tȗr

Slovene: tȗr (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: tur (rare)

Old Czech: tur

Czech: tur

Old Polish: tur

Polish: tur

Polabian: täur

Slovak: tur

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: tur

Upper Sorbian: tur

PIE word
 *táwros
Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *taurás, from Proto-Indo-European *táwros.
Cognate with Lithuanian taũras, Latvian tàurs, Old Prussian tauris, Ancient Greek ταῦρος (taûros), Latin taurus, Proto-Celtic *tarwos, Proto-Germanic *steuraz.


kъrzьno

kъrzьno (nominative singular)
kъrzьně (dual nominative)
kъrzьna (nominative plural)
kъrzьna (genitive singular)
kъrzьnu (dual genitive)
kъrzьnъ (genitive plural)
kъrzьnu (dative singular)
kъrzьnoma (dative dual)
kъrzьnomъ (dative plural)
kъrzьno (accusative singular)
kъrzьně (accusative dual)
kъrzьna (accusative plural)
kъrzьnъmь (instrumental singular)
kъrzьnomь (instrumental singular)
kъrzьnoma (dual instrumental)
kъrzьny (instrumental plural)
kъrzьně (locative singular)
kъrzьnu (dual locative)
kъrzьněxъ (locative plural)
kъrzьno (singular vocative)
kъrzьně (dual vocative)
kъrzьna (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: кързно (kŭrzno)

Russian: ко́рзно (kórzno) (archaic)

Ukrainian: ко́рзно (kórzno)

Old Novgorodian: къръзьно (kŭrŭzĭno)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: кръзна (krŭzna)

desc

Bulgarian: кръ́зна (krǎ́zna) (dialectal, obsolete)

Macedonian: крзно (krzno)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кр́зно

Latin script: kŕzno

Slovene: kŕzno

West Slavic:

Old Czech: krzno

Czech: krzno

Slovak: krzno, grzno

Non-Slavic:

Germanic:

→ Old English: crūsene

→ Old Frisian: kersna

→ Middle Dutch: corsene, → Middle Dutch: cuerse

Zealandic: keus

Dutch: keurslijf

→ Old High German: chursina, chursinna, kursenna

Middle High German: chursene, kursen, kürsen

German: Kürsen, Kürschen (obsolete)

⇒ Old High German: kursināri

Middle High German: kürsner

German: Kürschner

→ Old Polish: kurśnierz, kurśnirz

Polish: kuśnierz

→ Ukrainian: кушнір (kušnir)

An eastern borrowing. Compare Ossetian кӕрц (kærc, “fur coat”).


sernъ

sẽrnъ (canonical masculine)
b (accent-paradigm)
sẽrnъ (nominative singular)
sērnà (dual nominative)
sērnì (nominative plural)
sērnà (genitive singular)
sērnù (dual genitive)
sẽrnъ (genitive plural)
sērnù (dative singular)
sērnòma (dative dual)
sērnòmъ (dative plural)
sẽrnъ (accusative singular)
sērnà (accusative dual)
sērnỳ (accusative plural)
sērnъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
sērnòmь (instrumental singular)
sērnòma (dual instrumental)
sẽrny (instrumental plural)
sērně̀ (locative singular)
sērnù (dual locative)
sẽrněxъ (locative plural)
serne (singular vocative)
sērnà (dual vocative)
sērnì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: серенъ (serenŭ)

Belarusian: се́рен (sjérjen)

Russian: серён (serjón) (dialectal), се́рен (séren) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: сере́н (serén)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: срѣнъ (srěnŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱃⱑⱀⱏ (srěnŭ)

Slovene: sren, srenj

West Slavic:

Czech: stříň

Old Polish: śron

Polish: szron

Slovak: srieň

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śer(s)nos, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱer(H)-no-m. Cognate with Latvian sȩ̄rsna (“hoarfrost”), Lithuanian šerkšnas (“hoarfrost”), Old Armenian սառն (saṙn, “ice”), Proto-Germanic *herzną.


veprь

veprь (nominative singular)
vepra (dual nominative)
vepri (nominative plural)
vepra (genitive singular)
vepru (dual genitive)
veprь (genitive plural)
vepru (dative singular)
veprema (dative dual)
vepremъ (dative plural)
veprь (accusative singular)
vepra (accusative dual)
veprę̇ (accusative plural)
veprьmь (instrumental singular)
vepremь (instrumental singular)
veprema (dual instrumental)
vepri (instrumental plural)
vepri (locative singular)
vepru (dual locative)
veprixъ (locative plural)
vepru (singular vocative)
vepra (dual vocative)
vepri (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: вепрь (veprĭ)
Old Ruthenian: вепръ (vepr)
Belarusian: вапе́р (vapjér), вепéр (vjepér), вя́пер (vjápjer), вяпéр (vjapér) (dialectal)
⇒ Belarusian: вяпру́к (vjaprúk); япру́к (japrúk) (dialectal)
Carpathian Rusyn: вепéрь (vepérʹ)
⇒ Carpathian Rusyn: вепри́ско (veprýsko)
Ukrainian: вепр (vepr); вéпер (véper), вепéр (vepér) (dialectal)
Russian: вепрь (veprʹ); вапéрь (vapérʹ), вапéр (vapér), вапи́рь (vapírʹ), вепéрь (vepérʹ), вепи́рь (vepírʹ), вапрю (vaprju), вапря́к (vaprják) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: вепрь (veprĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰲⰵⱂⱃⱐ (veprĭ)

Bulgarian: ве́пър (vépǎr)

Macedonian: вепар (vepar)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ве̏пар

Latin script: vȅpar

Slovene: veper

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vepř

Czech: vepř

Polabian: vipr

Old Polish: wieprz

Polish: wieprz

Slovak: vepor

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: wjapś

Upper Sorbian: wjapř

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *weprias. Cognate with Latvian vepris (“castrated boar”), Latin aper (“wild boar”), Proto-Germanic *eburaz (“boar”). Possibly Northern Indo-European substrate word.


volkъ

vȏlkъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
vȏlkъ (nominative singular)
vȏlka (dual nominative)
vȏlci (nominative plural)
vȏlka (genitive singular)
volkù (dual genitive)
võlkъ (genitive plural)
vȏlku (dative singular)
volkomà (dative dual)
volkòmъ (dative plural)
vȏlkъ (accusative singular)
vȏlka (accusative dual)
vȏlky (accusative plural)
vȏlkъmь (instrumental singular)
vȏlkomь (instrumental singular)
volkomà (dual instrumental)
volký (instrumental plural)
vȏlcě (locative singular)
volkù (dual locative)
volcě̃xъ (locative plural)
volče (singular vocative)
vȏlka (dual vocative)
vȏlci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: волокъ (volokŭ)

Old Ruthenian: волокъ (volok)

Russian: во́лок (vólok)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: влак (vlak)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: вла̑к

Latin script: vlȃk

Slovene: vlak

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vlak

Czech: vlak

Old Polish: włok

Polish: włok

Polabian: vlåk

Slovak: vlak

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *walkas, from Proto-Indo-European *(h₂)wolk-o, equivalent *velťi (“to drag”) + *-ъ. Cognate with Latvian vàlka (“draught”), Lithuanian valkà (“draught”), Ancient Greek ὁλκός (holkós, “windlass”). Compare German Zug for similar semantic development.


cělěti

cělěnьje (noun-from-verb)
cělěti (infinitive)
cělětъ (supine)
cělělъ (l-participle)
cělěvъ (active participle past)
cělěję (active participle present)
cělěxъ (aorist first-person singular)
cělě (aorist second-person singular)
cělě (aorist singular third-person)
cělějǫ (first-person present singular)
cělěješi (present second-person singular)
cělějetь (present singular third-person)
cělěxově (aorist dual first-person)
cělěsta (aorist dual second-person)
cělěste (aorist dual third-person)
cělějevě (dual first-person present)
cělějeta (dual present second-person)
cělějete (dual present third-person)
cělěxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
cělěste (aorist plural second-person)
cělěšę (aorist plural third-person)
cělějemъ (first-person plural present)
cělějete (plural present second-person)
cělějǫtь (plural present third-person)
cělěaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
cělěaše (imperfect second-person singular)
cělěaše (imperfect singular third-person)
cělěji (imperative second-person singular)
cělěji (imperative singular third-person)
cělěaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
cělěašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
cělěašete (dual imperfect third-person)
cělějivě (dual first-person imperative)
cělějita (dual imperative second-person)
cělěaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
cělěašete (imperfect plural second-person)
cělěaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
cělějimъ (first-person imperative plural)
cělějite (imperative plural second-person)

Church Slavonic: цѣлѣти (cělěti) (Russian)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: цѣлѣти (cělěti)

Russian: -целеть (-celetʹ)

Ukrainian: -ціліти (-cility)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: цѣлѣти (cělěti)

Slovene: celéti

West Slavic:

Old Czech: cěleti

Czech: celeti

Polish: caleć (obsolete)

⇒ Polish: ocaleć (“to survive”)

Slovak: ceľeť


sanь

sanь (nominative singular)
sani (dual nominative)
sani (nominative plural)
sani (genitive singular)
sanьju (dual genitive)
sanьjь (genitive plural)
sani (dative singular)
sanьma (dative dual)
sanьmъ (dative plural)
sanь (accusative singular)
sani (accusative dual)
sani (accusative plural)
sanьjǫ (instrumental singular)
sanьma (dual instrumental)
sanьmi (instrumental plural)
sani (locative singular)
sanьju (dual locative)
sanьxъ (locative plural)
sani (singular vocative)
sani (dual vocative)
sani (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: сань (sanĭ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Church Slavonic: сань (sanĭ) (Russian recension)

⇒ Bulgarian: са́нка (sánka) (diminutive)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: san

Czech: saň

Polish: sań

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śāˀnos, *śāˀnis. Cognate with Latvian sãns (“side”), Latgalian sõns (“side, flank”) Lithuanian šónas (“side, flank”).

Russian: са́ни→ Ingrian: saani→ Kildin Sami: соа̄нн


bělěti

bělěnьje (noun-from-verb)
bělěti (infinitive)
bělětъ (supine)
bělělъ (l-participle)
bělěvъ (active participle past)
bělěję (active participle present)
bělěxъ (aorist first-person singular)
bělě (aorist second-person singular)
bělě (aorist singular third-person)
bělějǫ (first-person present singular)
bělěješi (present second-person singular)
bělějetь (present singular third-person)
bělěxově (aorist dual first-person)
bělěsta (aorist dual second-person)
bělěste (aorist dual third-person)
bělějevě (dual first-person present)
bělějeta (dual present second-person)
bělějete (dual present third-person)
bělěxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
bělěste (aorist plural second-person)
bělěšę (aorist plural third-person)
bělějemъ (first-person plural present)
bělějete (plural present second-person)
bělějǫtь (plural present third-person)
bělěaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
bělěaše (imperfect second-person singular)
bělěaše (imperfect singular third-person)
bělěji (imperative second-person singular)
bělěji (imperative singular third-person)
bělěaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
bělěašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
bělěašete (dual imperfect third-person)
bělějivě (dual first-person imperative)
bělějita (dual imperative second-person)
bělěaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
bělěašete (imperfect plural second-person)
bělěaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
bělějimъ (first-person imperative plural)
bělějite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: бѣлѣти (bělěti)

Belarusian: бяле́ць (bjaljécʹ)

Russian: беле́ть (belétʹ)

Old Ukrainian: бѣлѣти (biliti)

Ukrainian: білі́ти (bilíty)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: беле́я (beléja)

Macedonian: белее (belee)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бе́лети

Latin script: béleti

Slovene: bẹ́leti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: běleti

Kashubian: bielec

Polish: bieleć

Slovak: belieť

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: běleć

Lower Sorbian: běleś


-ěti

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ḗˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti. The present tense inflection is thematic, effectively continuing Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti.

ležati (“to lie”)

stojati (“to stand”)

rъděti (“to redden”)

gǫstěti (“to become dense, thick”) ← *gǫstъ (“dense, thick”)

bělěti (“to become white”) ← *bělъ (“white”)

cělěti (“to recover, heal up”) ← *cělъ (“whole”)

dьněti (“to dawn”) ← *dьnь (“day”)


gǫstěti

gǫstěnьje (noun-from-verb)
gǫstěti (infinitive)
gǫstětъ (supine)
gǫstělъ (l-participle)
gǫstěvъ (active participle past)
gǫstěję (active participle present)
gǫstěxъ (aorist first-person singular)
gǫstě (aorist second-person singular)
gǫstě (aorist singular third-person)
gǫstějǫ (first-person present singular)
gǫstěješi (present second-person singular)
gǫstějetь (present singular third-person)
gǫstěxově (aorist dual first-person)
gǫstěsta (aorist dual second-person)
gǫstěste (aorist dual third-person)
gǫstějevě (dual first-person present)
gǫstějeta (dual present second-person)
gǫstějete (dual present third-person)
gǫstěxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
gǫstěste (aorist plural second-person)
gǫstěšę (aorist plural third-person)
gǫstějemъ (first-person plural present)
gǫstějete (plural present second-person)
gǫstějǫtь (plural present third-person)
gǫstěaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
gǫstěaše (imperfect second-person singular)
gǫstěaše (imperfect singular third-person)
gǫstěji (imperative second-person singular)
gǫstěji (imperative singular third-person)
gǫstěaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
gǫstěašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
gǫstěašete (dual imperfect third-person)
gǫstějivě (dual first-person imperative)
gǫstějita (dual imperative second-person)
gǫstěaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
gǫstěašete (imperfect plural second-person)
gǫstěaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
gǫstějimъ (first-person imperative plural)
gǫstějite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: гусце́ць (huscjécʹ)

Russian: густе́ть (gustétʹ)

Ukrainian: густі́ти (hustíty)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: гъсте́я се (gǎstéja se)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: гу́стети

Latin script: gústjeti

Slovene: gostẹ́ti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: hustěti

Polish: gęścieć

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: husćeć

(reflexive) (+ *sę) to be dense, compact


dьněti

dьněnьje (noun-from-verb)
dьněti (infinitive)
dьnětъ (supine)
dьnělъ (l-participle)
dьněvъ (active participle past)
dьněję (active participle present)
dьněxъ (aorist first-person singular)
dьně (aorist second-person singular)
dьně (aorist singular third-person)
dьnějǫ (first-person present singular)
dьněješi (present second-person singular)
dьnějetь (present singular third-person)
dьněxově (aorist dual first-person)
dьněsta (aorist dual second-person)
dьněste (aorist dual third-person)
dьnějevě (dual first-person present)
dьnějeta (dual present second-person)
dьnějete (dual present third-person)
dьněxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
dьněste (aorist plural second-person)
dьněšę (aorist plural third-person)
dьnějemъ (first-person plural present)
dьnějete (plural present second-person)
dьnějǫtь (plural present third-person)
dьněaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
dьněaše (imperfect second-person singular)
dьněaše (imperfect singular third-person)
dьněji (imperative second-person singular)
dьněji (imperative singular third-person)
dьněaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
dьněašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
dьněašete (dual imperfect third-person)
dьnějivě (dual first-person imperative)
dьnějita (dual imperative second-person)
dьněaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
dьněašete (imperfect plural second-person)
dьněaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
dьnějimъ (first-person imperative plural)
dьnějite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: днець (dnjecʹ)

desc

Russian: днеть (dnetʹ), деня́ть (denjátʹ)

Ukrainian: дні́ти (dníty)

South Slavic:

Slovene: denéti

West Slavic:

Old Czech: dnieti

Czech: dněti, dníti

Polish: dnieć


godьnъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *godьnъ (hard)

Definite declension of *godьnъ (hard)

godьnъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
godьna (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
godьno (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
godьna (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
godьny (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
godьna (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
godьnu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
godьně (dative feminine indefinite singular)
godьnu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
godьnъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
godьnǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
godьno (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
godьnomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
godьnojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
godьnomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
godьně (indefinite locative masculine singular)
godьně (feminine indefinite locative singular)
godьně (indefinite locative neuter singular)
godьne (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
godьno (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
godьno (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
godьna (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
godьně (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
godьně (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
godьnu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
godьnu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
godьnu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
godьnoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
godьnama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
godьnoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
godьna (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
godьně (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
godьně (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
godьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
godьnama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
godьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
godьnu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
godьnu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
godьnu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
godьna (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
godьně (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
godьně (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
godьni (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
godьny (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
godьna (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
godьnъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
godьnъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
godьnъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
godьnomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
godьnamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
godьnomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
godьny (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
godьny (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
godьna (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
godьny (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
godьnami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
godьny (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
godьněxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
godьnaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
godьněxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
godьni (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
godьny (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
godьna (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
godьnъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
godьnaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
godьnoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
godьnajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
godьnyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
godьnajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
godьnujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
godьněji (dative definite feminine singular)
godьnujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
godьnъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
godьnǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
godьnoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
godьnyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
godьnǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
godьnyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
godьnějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
godьněji (definite feminine locative singular)
godьnějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
godьnъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
godьnaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
godьnoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
godьnaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
godьněji (definite dual feminine nominative)
godьněji (definite dual neuter nominative)
godьnuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
godьnuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
godьnuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
godьnyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
godьnyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
godьnyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
godьnaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
godьněji (accusative definite dual feminine)
godьněji (accusative definite dual neuter)
godьnyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
godьnyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
godьnyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
godьnuju (definite dual locative masculine)
godьnuju (definite dual feminine locative)
godьnuju (definite dual locative neuter)
godьnaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
godьněji (definite dual feminine vocative)
godьněji (definite dual neuter vocative)
godьniji (definite masculine nominative plural)
godьnyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
godьnaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
godьnъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
godьnъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
godьnъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
godьnyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
godьnyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
godьnyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
godьnyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
godьnyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
godьnaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
godьnyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
godьnyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
godьnyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
godьnyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
godьnyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
godьnyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
godьniji (definite masculine plural vocative)
godьnyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
godьnaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: годьнъ (godĭnŭ)
Old Ruthenian: го́дный (hódnyj), кго́дный (gódnyj)
Belarusian: го́дны (hódny)
Ukrainian: гі́дний (hídnyj), го́дний (hódnyj)
Russian: го́дный (gódnyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: годьнъ (godĭnŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰳⱁⰴⱐⱀⱏ (godĭnŭ)

Bulgarian: го́ден (góden)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: го̏дан

Latin script: gȍdan

Slovene: goden

West Slavic:

Old Czech: hodný

Czech: hodný

Polish: godny, godzien

Slovak: hodný

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: hódny

Lower Sorbian: gódny

From Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ- (“to unite, be associated, suit”). Cognate with English good.


sadъ

sȃdъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
sȃdъ (nominative singular)
sȃda (dual nominative)
sȃdi (nominative plural)
sȃda (genitive singular)
sadù (dual genitive)
sãdъ (genitive plural)
sȃdu (dative singular)
sadomà (dative dual)
sadòmъ (dative plural)
sȃdъ (accusative singular)
sȃda (accusative dual)
sȃdy (accusative plural)
sȃdъmь (instrumental singular)
sȃdomь (instrumental singular)
sadomà (dual instrumental)
sadý (instrumental plural)
sȃdě (locative singular)
sadù (dual locative)
sadě̃xъ (locative plural)
sade (singular vocative)
sȃda (dual vocative)
sȃdi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: садъ (sadŭ)

Belarusian: сад (sad)

desctree

Russian: сад (sad), садъ (sad) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Even: сад (sad)
→ Ingrian: saadu
→ Kildin Sami: са̄д (sād)
→ Komi-Permyak: сад (sad)
→ Komi-Zyrian: сад (sad)
→ Votic: saadu

Ukrainian: сад (sad)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: садъ (sadŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⰰⰴⱏ (sadŭ)

Bulgarian: сад (sad)

Macedonian:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: са̑д

Latin script: sȃd

Slovene: sad

West Slavic:

Old Czech: sad

Czech: sad

Bohemian (Chod dialect): sad

Old Polish: sad

Polish: sad

Slovak: sad

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: sad

Lower Sorbian: sad

→ Latvian: sads

→ Lithuanian: sõdas

→ Yiddish: סאָד (sod)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sādas. Morphologically from *saditi (“to plant”) and *-ъ.


pryskati

pryskanьje (noun-from-verb)
pryskati (infinitive)
pryskatъ (supine)
pryskalъ (l-participle)
pryskanъ (participle passive past)
pryskajemъ (participle passive present)
pryskavъ (active participle past)
pryskaję (active participle present)
pryskaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
pryska (aorist second-person singular)
pryska (aorist singular third-person)
pryskajǫ (first-person present singular)
pryskaješi (present second-person singular)
pryskajetь (present singular third-person)
pryskaxově (aorist dual first-person)
pryskasta (aorist dual second-person)
pryskaste (aorist dual third-person)
pryskajevě (dual first-person present)
pryskajeta (dual present second-person)
pryskajete (dual present third-person)
pryskaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
pryskaste (aorist plural second-person)
pryskašę (aorist plural third-person)
pryskajemъ (first-person plural present)
pryskajete (plural present second-person)
pryskajǫtь (plural present third-person)
pryskaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
pryskaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
pryskaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
pryskaji (imperative second-person singular)
pryskaji (imperative singular third-person)
pryskaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
pryskaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
pryskaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
pryskajivě (dual first-person imperative)
pryskajita (dual imperative second-person)
pryskaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
pryskaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
pryskaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
pryskajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
pryskajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: пры́скаць (prýskacʹ)

Russian: пры́скать (prýskatʹ)

Ukrainian: при́скати (prýskaty)

West Slavic:

Czech: prýskati

Polish: pryskać

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: рšуskаś

Upper Sorbian: pryskać


prъskati

prъskanьje (noun-from-verb)
prъskati (infinitive)
prъskatъ (supine)
prъskalъ (l-participle)
prъskanъ (participle passive past)
prъskajemъ (participle passive present)
prъskavъ (active participle past)
prъskaję (active participle present)
prъskaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
prъska (aorist second-person singular)
prъska (aorist singular third-person)
prъskajǫ (first-person present singular)
prъskaješi (present second-person singular)
prъskajetь (present singular third-person)
prъskaxově (aorist dual first-person)
prъskasta (aorist dual second-person)
prъskaste (aorist dual third-person)
prъskajevě (dual first-person present)
prъskajeta (dual present second-person)
prъskajete (dual present third-person)
prъskaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
prъskaste (aorist plural second-person)
prъskašę (aorist plural third-person)
prъskajemъ (first-person plural present)
prъskajete (plural present second-person)
prъskajǫtь (plural present third-person)
prъskaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
prъskaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
prъskaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
prъskaji (imperative second-person singular)
prъskaji (imperative singular third-person)
prъskaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
prъskaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
prъskaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
prъskajivě (dual first-person imperative)
prъskajita (dual imperative second-person)
prъskaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
prъskaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
prъskaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
prъskajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
prъskajite (imperative plural second-person)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: пръ́ска (prǎ́ska)

Macedonian: пр́ска (pŕska)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пр́скати

Latin script: pŕskati

Slovene: prskati

West Slavic:

Czech: prskat

Slovak: prskať

From Proto-Indo-European *prus-sk-. Cognate with Lithuanian praũsti (“to wash”), Sanskrit प्रुष्णोति (pruṣṇóti, “sprinkle”).


lǫčьje

lǫčьje (nominative singular)
lǫčьji (dual nominative)
lǫčьja (nominative plural)
lǫčьja (genitive singular)
lǫčьju (dual genitive)
lǫčьjь (genitive plural)
lǫčьju (dative singular)
lǫčьjema (dative dual)
lǫčьjemъ (dative plural)
lǫčьje (accusative singular)
lǫčьji (accusative dual)
lǫčьja (accusative plural)
lǫčьjьmь (instrumental singular)
lǫčьjemь (instrumental singular)
lǫčьjema (dual instrumental)
lǫčьji (instrumental plural)
lǫčьji (locative singular)
lǫčьju (dual locative)
lǫčьjixъ (locative plural)
lǫčьje (singular vocative)
lǫčьji (dual vocative)
lǫčьja (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: лѫчьѥ (lǫčĭje)

Glagolitic script: ⰾⱘⱍⱐⰵ (lǫčĭe)

Slovene: ločje (“reed, rush”)

West Slavic:

Polish: łącze


tučьnъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *tučьnъ (hard)

Definite declension of *tučьnъ (hard)

tučьnъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
tučьna (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
tučьno (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
tučьna (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
tučьny (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
tučьna (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
tučьnu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
tučьně (dative feminine indefinite singular)
tučьnu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
tučьnъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
tučьnǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
tučьno (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
tučьnomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
tučьnojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
tučьnomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
tučьně (indefinite locative masculine singular)
tučьně (feminine indefinite locative singular)
tučьně (indefinite locative neuter singular)
tučьne (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
tučьno (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
tučьno (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
tučьna (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
tučьně (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
tučьně (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
tučьnu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
tučьnu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
tučьnu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
tučьnoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
tučьnama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
tučьnoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
tučьna (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
tučьně (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
tučьně (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
tučьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
tučьnama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
tučьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
tučьnu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
tučьnu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
tučьnu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
tučьna (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
tučьně (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
tučьně (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
tučьni (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
tučьny (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
tučьna (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
tučьnъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
tučьnъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
tučьnъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
tučьnomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
tučьnamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
tučьnomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
tučьny (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
tučьny (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
tučьna (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
tučьny (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
tučьnami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
tučьny (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
tučьněxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
tučьnaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
tučьněxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
tučьni (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
tučьny (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
tučьna (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
tučьnъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
tučьnaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
tučьnoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
tučьnajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
tučьnyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
tučьnajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
tučьnujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
tučьněji (dative definite feminine singular)
tučьnujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
tučьnъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
tučьnǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
tučьnoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
tučьnyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
tučьnǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
tučьnyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
tučьnějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
tučьněji (definite feminine locative singular)
tučьnějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
tučьnъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
tučьnaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
tučьnoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
tučьnaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
tučьněji (definite dual feminine nominative)
tučьněji (definite dual neuter nominative)
tučьnuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
tučьnuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
tučьnuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
tučьnyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
tučьnyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
tučьnyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
tučьnaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
tučьněji (accusative definite dual feminine)
tučьněji (accusative definite dual neuter)
tučьnyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
tučьnyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
tučьnyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
tučьnuju (definite dual locative masculine)
tučьnuju (definite dual feminine locative)
tučьnuju (definite dual locative neuter)
tučьnaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
tučьněji (definite dual feminine vocative)
tučьněji (definite dual neuter vocative)
tučьniji (definite masculine nominative plural)
tučьnyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
tučьnaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
tučьnъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
tučьnъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
tučьnъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
tučьnyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
tučьnyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
tučьnyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
tučьnyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
tučьnyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
tučьnaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
tučьnyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
tučьnyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
tučьnyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
tučьnyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
tučьnyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
tučьnyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
tučьniji (definite masculine plural vocative)
tučьnyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
tučьnaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: ту́чный (túčnyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: тучьнъ (tučĭnŭ)

Unspecified script:

Bulgarian: ту́чен (túčen)

Slovene: túčen (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: tučný

Czech: tučný

Old Polish: tuczen

Polish: tuczny

Slovak: tučný

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tauˀkinas, equivalent to *tukъ + *-ьnъ. Cognate with Lithuanian taũkinas (“fat”) and further akin to Lithuanian taukúotas (“greasy”).


pъlkъ

pъlkъ (nominative singular)
pъlka (dual nominative)
pъlci (nominative plural)
pъlka (genitive singular)
pъlku (dual genitive)
pъlkъ (genitive plural)
pъlku (dative singular)
pъlkoma (dative dual)
pъlkomъ (dative plural)
pъlkъ (accusative singular)
pъlka (accusative dual)
pъlky (accusative plural)
pъlkъmь (instrumental singular)
pъlkomь (instrumental singular)
pъlkoma (dual instrumental)
pъlky (instrumental plural)
pъlcě (locative singular)
pъlku (dual locative)
pъlcěxъ (locative plural)
pъlče (singular vocative)
pъlka (dual vocative)
pъlci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: пълкъ (pŭlkŭ)

Old Ruthenian: полкъ (polk) (< influence of the Middle Russian полкъ (polk))

Belarusian: полк (polk)

desc

Ukrainian: полк (polk), повк (povk), півк (pivk)

→ Polish: połk, półk, pułk

→ German: Pulk

→ Latvian: pulks

Middle Russian: полкъ (polk)

Russian: полк (polk)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: плъкъ (plŭkŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱂⰾⱏⰽⱏ (plŭkŭ)

Bulgarian: пълк (pǎlk)

Macedonian: полк (polk)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пу̑к

Latin script: pȗk

Slovene: połk

West Slavic:

Czech: pluk

Old Polish: *pełk

Slovak: pluk

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: połk

Non-Slavic:

→ Lithuanian: pul̃kas

→ Romanian: pâlc

Probably a borrowing from a reflex of Proto-Germanic *fulką. According to Pronk-Tiethoff, the Slavic form indicates that the donor language must have lacked a-mutation, leaving only the relatively dubious Lombardic *fulc (unmutated fulcfre is attested, but the apparent lack of a-mutation here is unexpected and has been attributed to external influences) and the perhaps more likely Gothic *𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌺 (*fulk) as possible candidates.


nizъ

From Proto-Indo-European *(h₁)ni- (“down”), from *h₁én. Indo-European cognates include Old Armenian նի- (ni-), Proto-Indo-Iranian *ní.


nizъ

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: низъ (nizŭ)

Old Ruthenian: низъ (niz)

Belarusian: ніз (niz)

Ukrainian: низ (nyz)

Russian: низ (niz)

Old Novgorodian: ниꙁе (nize)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: низъ (nizŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱀⰻⰸⱏ (nizŭ)

Bulgarian: низ- (niz-)

Macedonian: низ (niz)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: низ

Latin script: niz

Slovene: niz

West Slavic:

Czech: niz

Polish: niż


ničati

ničanьje (noun-from-verb)
ničati (infinitive)
ničatъ (supine)
ničalъ (l-participle)
ničanъ (participle passive past)
ničajemъ (participle passive present)
ničavъ (active participle past)
ničaję (active participle present)
ničaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
niča (aorist second-person singular)
niča (aorist singular third-person)
ničajǫ (first-person present singular)
ničaješi (present second-person singular)
ničajetь (present singular third-person)
ničaxově (aorist dual first-person)
ničasta (aorist dual second-person)
ničaste (aorist dual third-person)
ničajevě (dual first-person present)
ničajeta (dual present second-person)
ničajete (dual present third-person)
ničaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
ničaste (aorist plural second-person)
ničašę (aorist plural third-person)
ničajemъ (first-person plural present)
ničajete (plural present second-person)
ničajǫtь (plural present third-person)
ničaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
ničaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
ničaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
ničaji (imperative second-person singular)
ničaji (imperative singular third-person)
ničaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
ničaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
ničaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
ničajivě (dual first-person imperative)
ničajita (dual imperative second-person)
ničaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
ničaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
ničaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
ničajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
ničajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ничати (ničati)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Russian Church Slavonic: ничати (ničati)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ничати (archaic)

Latin script: ničati

Slovene: ničati

West Slavic:

Old Czech: ničeti

Czech: ničeti

From the stem *nik- (see *nicь) + *-ěti.


varъ

vȃrъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
vȃrъ (nominative singular)
vȃra (dual nominative)
vȃri (nominative plural)
vȃra (genitive singular)
varù (dual genitive)
vãrъ (genitive plural)
vȃru (dative singular)
varomà (dative dual)
varòmъ (dative plural)
vȃrъ (accusative singular)
vȃra (accusative dual)
vȃry (accusative plural)
vȃrъmь (instrumental singular)
vȃromь (instrumental singular)
varomà (dual instrumental)
varý (instrumental plural)
vȃrě (locative singular)
varù (dual locative)
varě̃xъ (locative plural)
vare (singular vocative)
vȃra (dual vocative)
vȃri (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: варъ (varŭ)

Russian: вар (var)

Ukrainian: вар (var)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ва̑р

Latin script: vȃr

West Slavic:

Old Czech: var
Czech: var

desctree

Old Polish: war
Polish: war
Silesian: wŏr

Old Slovak: var
Slovak: var

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: wôr

Slovincian: wor

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: war

Upper Sorbian: war