barьnъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *barьnъ (hard)

Definite declension of *barьnъ (hard)

barьnъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
barьna (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
barьno (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
barьna (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
barьny (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
barьna (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
barьnu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
barьně (dative feminine indefinite singular)
barьnu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
barьnъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
barьnǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
barьno (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
barьnomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
barьnojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
barьnomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
barьně (indefinite locative masculine singular)
barьně (feminine indefinite locative singular)
barьně (indefinite locative neuter singular)
barьne (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
barьno (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
barьno (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
barьna (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
barьně (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
barьně (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
barьnu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
barьnu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
barьnu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
barьnoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
barьnama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
barьnoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
barьna (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
barьně (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
barьně (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
barьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
barьnama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
barьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
barьnu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
barьnu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
barьnu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
barьna (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
barьně (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
barьně (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
barьni (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
barьny (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
barьna (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
barьnъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
barьnъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
barьnъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
barьnomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
barьnamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
barьnomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
barьny (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
barьny (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
barьna (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
barьny (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
barьnami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
barьny (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
barьněxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
barьnaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
barьněxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
barьni (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
barьny (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
barьna (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
barьnъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
barьnaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
barьnoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
barьnajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
barьnyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
barьnajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
barьnujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
barьněji (dative definite feminine singular)
barьnujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
barьnъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
barьnǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
barьnoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
barьnyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
barьnǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
barьnyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
barьnějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
barьněji (definite feminine locative singular)
barьnějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
barьnъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
barьnaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
barьnoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
barьnaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
barьněji (definite dual feminine nominative)
barьněji (definite dual neuter nominative)
barьnuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
barьnuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
barьnuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
barьnyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
barьnyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
barьnyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
barьnaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
barьněji (accusative definite dual feminine)
barьněji (accusative definite dual neuter)
barьnyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
barьnyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
barьnyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
barьnuju (definite dual locative masculine)
barьnuju (definite dual feminine locative)
barьnuju (definite dual locative neuter)
barьnaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
barьněji (definite dual feminine vocative)
barьněji (definite dual neuter vocative)
barьniji (definite masculine nominative plural)
barьnyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
barьnaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
barьnъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
barьnъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
barьnъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
barьnyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
barьnyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
barьnyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
barьnyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
barьnyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
barьnaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
barьnyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
barьnyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
barьnyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
barьnyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
barьnyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
barьnyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
barьniji (definite masculine plural vocative)
barьnyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
barьnaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic: —

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ба̑ран

Latin script: bȃran

West Slavic: —


kurьmo

kurьmo (nominative singular)
kurьmě (dual nominative)
kurьma (nominative plural)
kurьma (genitive singular)
kurьmu (dual genitive)
kurьmъ (genitive plural)
kurьmu (dative singular)
kurьmoma (dative dual)
kurьmomъ (dative plural)
kurьmo (accusative singular)
kurьmě (accusative dual)
kurьma (accusative plural)
kurьmъmь (instrumental singular)
kurьmomь (instrumental singular)
kurьmoma (dual instrumental)
kurьmy (instrumental plural)
kurьmě (locative singular)
kurьmu (dual locative)
kurьměxъ (locative plural)
kurьmo (singular vocative)
kurьmě (dual vocative)
kurьma (plural vocative)

West Slavic:

Czech: kouřmo


mirъ

mȋrъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
mȋrъ (nominative singular)
mȋra (dual nominative)
mȋri (nominative plural)
mȋra (genitive singular)
mirù (dual genitive)
mĩrъ (genitive plural)
mȋru (dative singular)
miromà (dative dual)
miròmъ (dative plural)
mȋrъ (accusative singular)
mȋra (accusative dual)
mȋry (accusative plural)
mȋrъmь (instrumental singular)
mȋromь (instrumental singular)
miromà (dual instrumental)
mirý (instrumental plural)
mȋrě (locative singular)
mirù (dual locative)
mirě̃xъ (locative plural)
mire (singular vocative)
mȋra (dual vocative)
mȋri (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: мір (mir)

Carpathian Rusyn: мір (mir)

desctree

Russian: мир (mir), миръ (mir) — Pre-reform orthography (1918), міръ (mir) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Ingrian: miira
→ Kildin Sami: мырр (myrr)

Ukrainian: мир (myr)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: миръ (mirŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰿⰹⱃⱏ (mirŭ)

Bulgarian: мир (mir)

Macedonian: мир (mir)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ми̑р

Latin script: mȋr, mijer, mir, mier, mȉjer

Slovene: mȋr (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: mír, mier

Czech: mír

Kashubian: mir, mier

Old Polish: mir, mier, ḿyr, mńir, mńyr

Polish: mir, mierz (in compounds)

Slovak: mier

Slovincian: mjir

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: měr

Lower Sorbian: měr

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *meiˀrás, from Proto-Indo-European *mey(H)-ró-s, its Baltic cognates are: Lithuanian mieras (“peace”), Latvian miêrs (“peace”), compare also Albanian mirë (“good”).
There may be two Indo-European roots involved, *mey- (“to tie, strengthen”) and *meyh₁- (“soft, mild”).
Root-cognates (with different suffixes) include, with the former: Ancient Greek μίτος (mítos, “warp thread”), Proto-Indo-Iranian *mitrás (literally “(that which) causes binding”) (Old Persian 𐎷𐎰𐎼 (mi-θ-r), and Sanskrit मित्र (mitra)); with the latter: Proto-Slavic *milъ (“nice, gentle, mild”), Latin mītis (“mild, calm, peaceful”).
The dual meaning of "peace" and "world" is unique to Slavic, and scholarly opinion is divided on whether this is a purely semantic development (via a meaning of "pact, friendship" to "community, society" to "ecumene, inhabited world") or alternatively an early conflation of two words, with the meaning "world" derived only from the root meaning "to bind", and the meaning "peace" derived from the root meaning "gentle, mild". Possibly *mirъ meaning world derives from earlier *-měrъ(great/big -> world). Compare Proto-Celtic *māros (“great”) and Proto-Germanic *mēri- (“famous”) (> Old High German māri).

Miręta

*Mironěgъ / *Mironěga or *Miroslavъ / *Miroslava


vьrmьje

vьrmьje (nominative singular)
vьrmьji (dual nominative)
vьrmьja (nominative plural)
vьrmьja (genitive singular)
vьrmьju (dual genitive)
vьrmьjь (genitive plural)
vьrmьju (dative singular)
vьrmьjema (dative dual)
vьrmьjemъ (dative plural)
vьrmьje (accusative singular)
vьrmьji (accusative dual)
vьrmьja (accusative plural)
vьrmьjьmь (instrumental singular)
vьrmьjemь (instrumental singular)
vьrmьjema (dual instrumental)
vьrmьji (instrumental plural)
vьrmьji (locative singular)
vьrmьju (dual locative)
vьrmьjixъ (locative plural)
vьrmьje (singular vocative)
vьrmьji (dual vocative)
vьrmьja (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

>? Old East Slavic: *вьрмиѥ (*vĭrmije), вермиѥ (vermije, “locusts, worms”)

⇒ Ukrainian: верм'я́ний (vermʺjányj, “red”), верм'я́но (vermʺjáno)

From *vъrm- / *vьrm- (“worm, insect”) + *-ьje, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *warma- (“worm, insect”), from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥mis (“worm”).
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian var̃mas (“insect, mosquito”), Old Prussian wormyan, warmun (“red”).
Indo-European cognates include Proto-Germanic *wurmiz (“worm; serpent, snake”), Latin vermis (“worm”), Ancient Greek ῥόμος (rhómos, “wood-worm”).


sъnabъděti

sъnabъďati (imperfective)
sъnabъděnьje (noun-from-verb)
sъnabъděti (infinitive)
sъnabъdětъ (supine)
sъnabъdělъ (l-participle)
sъnabъděnъ (participle passive past)
sъnabъděvъ (active participle past)
sъnabъděxъ (aorist first-person singular)
sъnabъdě (aorist second-person singular)
sъnabъdě (aorist singular third-person)
sъnabъďǫ (first-person present singular)
sъnabъdiši (present second-person singular)
sъnabъditь (present singular third-person)
sъnabъděxově (aorist dual first-person)
sъnabъděsta (aorist dual second-person)
sъnabъděste (aorist dual third-person)
sъnabъdivě (dual first-person present)
sъnabъdita (dual present second-person)
sъnabъdite (dual present third-person)
sъnabъděxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
sъnabъděste (aorist plural second-person)
sъnabъděšę (aorist plural third-person)
sъnabъdimъ (first-person plural present)
sъnabъdite (plural present second-person)
sъnabъdętь (plural present third-person)
sъnabъdi (imperative second-person singular)
sъnabъdi (imperative singular third-person)
sъnabъdivě (dual first-person imperative)
sъnabъdita (dual imperative second-person)
sъnabъdimъ (first-person imperative plural)
sъnabъdite (imperative plural second-person)

Church Slavonic: сънабъдѣти (sŭnabŭděti) (Russian)

East Slavic:

Russian: снабди́ть (snabdítʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: сънабъдѣти (sŭnabŭděti)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: снабдя̀вам (snabdjàvam)

Macedonian: снабдува (snabduva)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сна̀бдети, сна̀бдјети

Latin: snàbdeti, snàbdjeti

West Slavic:

Old Czech: snábděti

From *sъ- + *na + *bъděti (“to be awake, look after”).


oporęditi

oporęďenьje (noun-from-verb)
oporęditi (infinitive)
oporęditъ (supine)
oporędilъ (l-participle)
oporęďenъ (participle passive past)
oporęďь (active participle past)
oporędixъ (aorist first-person singular)
oporędi (aorist second-person singular)
oporędi (aorist singular third-person)
oporęďǫ (first-person present singular)
oporędiši (present second-person singular)
oporęditь (present singular third-person)
oporędixově (aorist dual first-person)
oporędista (aorist dual second-person)
oporędiste (aorist dual third-person)
oporędivě (dual first-person present)
oporędita (dual present second-person)
oporędite (dual present third-person)
oporędixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
oporędiste (aorist plural second-person)
oporędišę (aorist plural third-person)
oporędimъ (first-person plural present)
oporędite (plural present second-person)
oporędętь (plural present third-person)
oporędi (imperative second-person singular)
oporędi (imperative singular third-person)
oporędivě (dual first-person imperative)
oporędita (dual imperative second-person)
oporędimъ (first-person imperative plural)
oporędite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Ukrainian: опоряди́ти (oporjadýty)

West Slavic:

Polish: oporządzić

Slovincian: wôpôrzãdzëc

From *ob- + *poręditi, from *po- + *ręditi, from *rędъ (“row, line”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *rind-.


Bogodanъ

Bogodanъ (nominative singular)
Bogodana (dual nominative)
Bogodani (nominative plural)
Bogodana (genitive singular)
Bogodanu (dual genitive)
Bogodanъ (genitive plural)
Bogodanu (dative singular)
Bogodanomъ (dative plural)
Bogodanъ (accusative singular)
Bogodana (accusative dual)
Bogodany (accusative plural)
Bogodany (instrumental plural)
Bogodaně (locative singular)
Bogodanu (dual locative)
Bogodaněxъ (locative plural)
Bogodane (singular vocative)
Bogodana (dual vocative)
Bogodani (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: Богоданъ (Bogodanŭ)

West Slavic:

Polish: Bogodan

From *bogъ (“god”) + *-o- + *danъ (“given”).


Bogъdanъ

Bogъdanъ (nominative singular)
Bogъdana (dual nominative)
Bogъdani (nominative plural)
Bogъdana (genitive singular)
Bogъdanu (dual genitive)
Bogъdanъ (genitive plural)
Bogъdanu (dative singular)
Bogъdanomъ (dative plural)
Bogъdanъ (accusative singular)
Bogъdana (accusative dual)
Bogъdany (accusative plural)
Bogъdany (instrumental plural)
Bogъdaně (locative singular)
Bogъdanu (dual locative)
Bogъdaněxъ (locative plural)
Bogъdane (singular vocative)
Bogъdana (dual vocative)
Bogъdani (plural vocative)

East Slavic

Old East Slavic: Богъданъ (Bogŭdanŭ)

Old Ruthenian: Богданъ (Bohdan)

Belarusian: Багда́н (Bahdán)

Ukrainian: Богда́н (Bohdán)

Russian: Богда́н (Bogdán)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: Бо́гдан (Bógdan)

Macedonian: Бо́гдан (Bógdan)

Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: Bògdān

Cyrillic script: Бо̀гда̄н

West Slavic:

Czech: Bohdan m, Bohdana f

Polish: Bogdan

Slovak: Bohdan

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: Bogdàn

Upper Sorbian: Bóhdan

Non-Slavic:

→ Romanian: Bogdan

→ Hungarian: Bogdán

Possibly calque of Iranian (cp. Old Median Bagadāta- (“god-given, given by god”) ) or calque of Ancient Greek Θεόδοτος (Theódotos, literally “given by God”) or Ancient Greek Θεόδωρος (Theódōros, “Theodore”, literally “gift of God”). Morphologically from *bogъ (“god”) + *danъ (“given”), the passive participle of *dati (“to give”).


perunъ

perunъ (nominative singular)
peruna (dual nominative)
peruni (nominative plural)
peruna (genitive singular)
perunu (dual genitive)
perunъ (genitive plural)
perunu (dative singular)
perunoma (dative dual)
perunomъ (dative plural)
perunъ (accusative singular)
peruna (accusative dual)
peruny (accusative plural)
perunъmь (instrumental singular)
perunomь (instrumental singular)
perunoma (dual instrumental)
peruny (instrumental plural)
peruně (locative singular)
perunu (dual locative)
peruněxъ (locative plural)
perune (singular vocative)
peruna (dual vocative)
peruni (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *перунъ (*perunŭ)

Old Ruthenian: перунъ (perun)

desc

Belarusian: пяру́н (pjarún), пе́рун (pjérun), пе́рань (pjéranʹ)

Carpathian Rusyn: перун (perun)

Ukrainian: пе́ру́н (pérún), пе́рум (pérum), пе́рім (périm), пе́рон (péron), пе́рін (périn)

Russian: перу́н (perún)

South Slavic:

Slovene: pörun (dialectal)

West Slavic:

Czech: parom

Old Polish: piorun

Polish: piorun, pierun

Silesian: pierōn

→ German: Pierona

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: piorën, piorun

Slovak: parom

Unclear. Probably from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“stone, rock”).
Compare also Finnish perkele, Latvian pērkons and Erzya пурьгине (puŕgińe)

unknown

Unclear


sьrxy

sьrxy (nominative singular)
sьršeni (dual nominative)
sьršene (nominative plural)
sьršene (genitive singular)
sьršenu (dual genitive)
sьršenъ (genitive plural)
sьršeni (dative singular)
sьršenьma (dative dual)
sьršenьmъ (dative plural)
sьršenь (accusative singular)
sьršeni (accusative dual)
sьršeni (accusative plural)
sьršenьmь (instrumental singular)
sьršenьma (dual instrumental)
sьršenьmi (instrumental plural)
sьršene (locative singular)
sьršenu (dual locative)
sьršenьxъ (locative plural)
sьrxy (singular vocative)
sьršeni (dual vocative)
sьršene (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: сьршень (sĭršenĭ), шьршень (šĭršenĭ)

Belarusian: шэ́ршань (šéršanʹ)

Russian: ше́ршень (šéršenʹ)

Ukrainian: ше́ршень (šéršenʹ)

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic: стръшень (strŭšenĭ), сръшень (srŭšenĭ)

Bulgarian: стъ́ршел (stǎ́ršel), щъ́рсел (štǎ́rsel)

Macedonian: стршен (stršen), стршлен (stršlen)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ср̏ше̄н, стр̏шљен

Latin script: sȑšen, stȑšljēn

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: sršȅn, sršẹ̑n, sŕšen (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: sršen

Czech: sršeň

Bohemian (Chod dialect): sršán

Moravian (Mistřice): sršeň

Kashubian: szerszéń

Old Polish: sirszeń
Polish: szerszeń

Polabian: sarsin

Slovak: sršeň

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: šeršeń

Upper Sorbian: šeršeń

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śirˀšō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“hornet”).


ojьminъ

East Slavic:

Russian: оимин (oimin) (archaic)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: оиминъ (oiminŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱁⰺⰿⰺⱀⱏ (oiminŭ)

From *ob- + *jьd-m + *-inъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *jud-, from Proto-Indo-European *Hyudʰ-m-. Cf. Sanskrit युध्म (yudhmá, “warrior”).
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian judùs (“belligerent”).


sabľa

sabľa (nominative singular)
sabľi (dual nominative)
sabľę̇ (nominative plural)
sabľę̇ (genitive singular)
sabľu (dual genitive)
sabľь (genitive plural)
sabľi (dative singular)
sabľama (dative dual)
sabľamъ (dative plural)
sabľǫ (accusative singular)
sabľi (accusative dual)
sabľę̇ (accusative plural)
sabľejǫ (instrumental singular)
sabľǫ (instrumental singular)
sabľama (dual instrumental)
sabľami (instrumental plural)
sabľi (locative singular)
sabľu (dual locative)
sabľasъ (locative plural)
sabľaxъ (locative plural)
sabľe (singular vocative)
sabľi (dual vocative)
sabľę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic

Old East Slavic: саблꙗ (sablja)

Russian: са́бля (sáblja)

South Slavic

desctree

Bulgarian: са́бя (sábja)
→ Romanian: sabie

Macedonian: сабја (sabja)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: са̏бља

Latin script: sȁblja

Slovene: sȃblja (tonal orthography)

West Slavic

Czech: šavle (š is from Polish influence)

Slovak: šabľa (š is from Polish influence)

Sorbian

Lower Sorbian: zabla

Of Eastern origin, probably from Turkic language (compare Turkish sap (“handle, stalk, stem”)) or less likely from Hungarian szablya (“sabre”), from szabni (“to tailor”).


bogatьstvo

bogatьstvo (nominative singular)
bogatьstvě (dual nominative)
bogatьstva (nominative plural)
bogatьstva (genitive singular)
bogatьstvu (dual genitive)
bogatьstvъ (genitive plural)
bogatьstvu (dative singular)
bogatьstvoma (dative dual)
bogatьstvomъ (dative plural)
bogatьstvo (accusative singular)
bogatьstvě (accusative dual)
bogatьstva (accusative plural)
bogatьstvъmь (instrumental singular)
bogatьstvomь (instrumental singular)
bogatьstvoma (dual instrumental)
bogatьstvy (instrumental plural)
bogatьstvě (locative singular)
bogatьstvu (dual locative)
bogatьstvěxъ (locative plural)
bogatьstvo (singular vocative)
bogatьstvě (dual vocative)
bogatьstva (plural vocative)

East Slavic: богатьство (bogatĭstvo)

Old Belarusian: богатьство (bohatʹstvo)

Russian: бога́тство (bogátstvo)

Carpathian Rusyn: богатство (bohatstvo)

Ukrainian: бага́тство (bahátstvo)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: богатьство (bogatĭstvo)

Glagolitic: ⰱⱁⰳⰰⱅⱐⱄⱅⰲⱁ (bogatĭstvo)

Bulgarian: бога́тство (bogátstvo)

Macedonian: бо́гатство (bógatstvo)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бога̀тство

Roman: bogàtstvo

Slovene: bogȃstvo (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: bohatstvo

Old Polish: bogactwo
Polish: bogactwo
Silesian: bogajstwo

Slovak: bohatstvo

Slovincian: bôgactwô

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: bohatstvo

Lower Sorbian: bogatstwo, bogastwo

From *bogàtъ (“rich, wealthy”) + *-ьstvo, from *bȏgъ (“god”) + *-àtъ.


žьlděti

žьlděnьje (noun-from-verb)
žьlděti (infinitive)
žьldětъ (supine)
žьldělъ (l-participle)
žьlděnъ (participle passive past)
žьldimъ (participle passive present)
žьlděvъ (active participle past)
žьldę (active participle present)
žьlděxъ (aorist first-person singular)
žьldě (aorist second-person singular)
žьldě (aorist singular third-person)
žьlďǫ (first-person present singular)
žьldiši (present second-person singular)
žьlditь (present singular third-person)
žьlděxově (aorist dual first-person)
žьlděsta (aorist dual second-person)
žьlděste (aorist dual third-person)
žьldivě (dual first-person present)
žьldita (dual present second-person)
žьldite (dual present third-person)
žьlděxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
žьlděste (aorist plural second-person)
žьlděšę (aorist plural third-person)
žьldimъ (first-person plural present)
žьldite (plural present second-person)
žьldętь (plural present third-person)
žьlděaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
žьlděaše (imperfect second-person singular)
žьlděaše (imperfect singular third-person)
žьldi (imperative second-person singular)
žьldi (imperative singular third-person)
žьlděaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
žьlděašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
žьlděašete (dual imperfect third-person)
žьldivě (dual first-person imperative)
žьldita (dual imperative second-person)
žьlděaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
žьlděašete (imperfect plural second-person)
žьlděaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
žьldimъ (first-person imperative plural)
žьldite (imperative plural second-person)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: жлъдѣти (žlŭděti)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: жу́дјети

Latin script: žúdjeti

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gil̃dḗˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *g⁽ʷ⁾l̥dʰ-éh₁ye-ti, from the root *gʷeldʰ- (“to be greedy, hungry”).


žьrьcь

žьrьcь (nominative singular)
žьrьca (dual nominative)
žьrьci (nominative plural)
žьrьca (genitive singular)
žьrьcu (dual genitive)
žьrьcь (genitive plural)
žьrьcu (dative singular)
žьrьcema (dative dual)
žьrьcemъ (dative plural)
žьrьcь (accusative singular)
žьrьca (accusative dual)
žьrьcę̇ (accusative plural)
žьrьcьmь (instrumental singular)
žьrьcemь (instrumental singular)
žьrьcema (dual instrumental)
žьrьci (instrumental plural)
žьrьci (locative singular)
žьrьcu (dual locative)
žьrьcixъ (locative plural)
žьrьče (singular vocative)
žьrьca (dual vocative)
žьrьci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: жре́ц (žréc)

→ Czech: žrec

→ Serbo-Croatian:žrec

Cyrillic script: жре̑ц

Latin script: žrȇc

Ukrainian: жре́ць (žrécʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: жрьць (žrĭcĭ)

Glagolitic script: [Term?]

Bulgarian: жрец (žrec)

West Slavic:

Old Polish: żyrzec
Polish: żerca (“Slavic pagan priest”)

From *žьrti (“to sacrifice”) + *-ьcь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *girʔ-, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH-.


žьrtva

žьrtva (nominative singular)
žьrtvě (dual nominative)
žьrtvy (nominative plural)
žьrtvy (genitive singular)
žьrtvu (dual genitive)
žьrtvъ (genitive plural)
žьrtvě (dative singular)
žьrtvama (dative dual)
žьrtvamъ (dative plural)
žьrtvǫ (accusative singular)
žьrtvě (accusative dual)
žьrtvy (accusative plural)
žьrtvojǫ (instrumental singular)
žьrtvǫ (instrumental singular)
žьrtvama (dual instrumental)
žьrtvami (instrumental plural)
žьrtvě (locative singular)
žьrtvu (dual locative)
žьrtvasъ (locative plural)
žьrtvaxъ (locative plural)
žьrtvo (singular vocative)
žьrtvě (dual vocative)
žьrtvy (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: жрьтва (žrĭtva)

Glagolitic script: ⰶⱃⱐⱅⰲⰰ (žrĭtva)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: жр̏тва

Latin script: žȑtva

Slovene: žrtva

Non-Slavic:

→ Romanian: jertfă

From *žьrti (“to sacrifice”) + *-tva, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *girʔ-, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH-.


žьvati

žьvàti (canonical imperfective)
c (accent-paradigm)
žьvanьje (noun-from-verb)
žьvati (infinitive)
žьvatъ (supine)
žьvalъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
žьvanъ (participle passive past)
žujemъ (participle passive present)
žьvavъ (active participle past)
žuję (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
žьvaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
žьva (aorist second-person singular)
žьva (aorist singular third-person)
žujǫ (first-person present singular)
žuješi (present second-person singular)
žujetь (present singular third-person)
žьvaxově (aorist dual first-person)
žьvasta (aorist dual second-person)
žьvaste (aorist dual third-person)
žujevě (dual first-person present)
žujeta (dual present second-person)
žujete (dual present third-person)
žьvaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
žьvaste (aorist plural second-person)
žьvašę (aorist plural third-person)
žujemъ (first-person plural present)
žujete (plural present second-person)
žujǫtь (plural present third-person)
žьvaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
žьvaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
žьvaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
žuji (imperative second-person singular)
žuji (imperative singular third-person)
žьvaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
žьvaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
žьvaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
žujivě (dual first-person imperative)
žujita (dual imperative second-person)
žьvaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
žьvaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
žьvaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
žujimъ (first-person imperative plural)
žujite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: жава́ць (žavácʹ)

Russian: жева́ть (ževátʹ), colloquially: жува́ть (žuvátʹ)

Ukrainian: жува́ти (žuváty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Church Slavonic: жьвати (žĭvati) (Serbian rendition)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: žváti

⇒ Czech: žvýkat

Polabian: zåvat

Old Polish: żwać
Polish: żuć

q

merged with reflexes of <i class="Latn mention" lang="sla-pro">*žuti</i>

Slovak: žuť (merged with reflexes of *žuti)

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: žwać

Lower Sorbian: žuś (merged with reflexes of *žuti)

Reanalyzed from the present stem of *žuti + *-ati, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵyewh₁-.

žьvanь

smacking, slurping (noisy eating); mumbling


žьrti

b (accent-paradigm)
žьrtьje (noun-from-verb)
žьrti (infinitive)
žьrtъ (supine)
žьrlъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
žьrtъ (participle passive past)
žьromъ (participle passive present)
žьrъ (active participle past)
žьry (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
žьrxъ (aorist first-person singular)
žьr (aorist second-person singular)
žьr (aorist singular third-person)
žьrǫ (first-person present singular)
žьreši (present second-person singular)
žьretь (present singular third-person)
žьrxově (aorist dual first-person)
žьrsta (aorist dual second-person)
žьrste (aorist dual third-person)
žьrevě (dual first-person present)
žьreta (dual present second-person)
žьrete (dual present third-person)
žьrxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
žьrste (aorist plural second-person)
žьršę (aorist plural third-person)
žьremъ (first-person plural present)
žьrete (plural present second-person)
žьrǫtь (plural present third-person)
žьrěaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
žьrěaše (imperfect second-person singular)
žьrěaše (imperfect singular third-person)
žьri (imperative second-person singular)
žьri (imperative singular third-person)
žьrěaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
žьrěašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
žьrěašete (dual imperfect third-person)
žьrěvě (dual first-person imperative)
žьrěta (dual imperative second-person)
žьrěaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
žьrěašete (imperfect plural second-person)
žьrěaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
žьrěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
žьrěte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: жрьти (žrĭti), жрети (žreti)

Russian: жреть (žretʹ) (archaic)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: жрьти (žrĭti)

Glagolitic script: ⰶⱃⰹⱅⰹ (žriti)

Generally presumed to reflect Proto-Balto-Slavic *gírˀtei (“to praise”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH- (“to approve, to praise”).
Cognate yé-presents Lithuanian gìrti (“to praise”), Old Prussian girtwei (“to praise”), Latvian dzir̃t (“to honor”), dzirtiês (“to boast”) (usually reflexive) and perhaps Sanskrit गुरते (guráte, “to welcome”). Further akin to Sanskrit जरते (járate, “to address, to call for”), गृणाति (gṛṇā́ti, “to praise, to invoke”).
An older interpretation suggests origin from *gʷer- (“to raise voice, to vocalize, to resonate”) (cf. Lithuanian gar̃sas (“sound, echo”), ger̃bti (“to respect”)).


žerti

žèrti (canonical imperfective)
c (accent-paradigm)
žьrtьje (noun-from-verb)
žerti (infinitive)
žertъ (supine)
žьrlъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
žьrtъ (participle passive past)
žьromъ (participle passive present)
žьrъ (active participle past)
žьry (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
žerxъ (aorist first-person singular)
žer (aorist second-person singular)
žer (aorist singular third-person)
žьrǫ (first-person present singular)
žьreši (present second-person singular)
žьretь (present singular third-person)
žerxově (aorist dual first-person)
žersta (aorist dual second-person)
žerste (aorist dual third-person)
žьrevě (dual first-person present)
žьreta (dual present second-person)
žьrete (dual present third-person)
žerxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
žerste (aorist plural second-person)
žeršę (aorist plural third-person)
žьremъ (first-person plural present)
žьrete (plural present second-person)
žьrǫtь (plural present third-person)
žьrěaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
žьrěaše (imperfect second-person singular)
žьrěaše (imperfect singular third-person)
žьri (imperative second-person singular)
žьri (imperative singular third-person)
žьrěaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
žьrěašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
žьrěašete (dual imperfect third-person)
žьrěvě (dual first-person imperative)
žьrěta (dual imperative second-person)
žьrěaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
žьrěašete (imperfect plural second-person)
žьrěaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
žьrěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
žьrěte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: жерети (žereti), жьрати (žĭrati)

Belarusian: жэрць (žercʹ), жэ́рці (žérci)

Russian: жрать (žratʹ)

Ukrainian: же́рти (žérty), жра́ти (žráty), жере́ти (žeréty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: пожрѣти (požrěti)

Glagolitic script: ⱂⱁⰶⱃⱑⱅⰹ (požrěti)

Macedonian: ждере (ždere)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ждѐрати, ждрије̑ти, ждре̑ти

Latin script: ždèrati, ždrijȇti, ždrȇti, (regional) nažriti

Slovene: žrẹ́ti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: žřieti, žráti

Czech: žrát

Kashubian: rżéc

Polish: żreć

Silesian: żrać

Slovak: žrat'

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: žraś, žreś

Upper Sorbian: źrać, žrjeć

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gerˀtei (“devour”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷérh₃-ti ~ *gʷr̥h₃-énti, from *gʷerh₃- (“to devour, swallow”). Cognate with Lithuanian gerti (“to drink”), Latvian dzer̂t (“to drink”).
Further related to Old English acworren, Proto-Germanic *kwerraną (“devour”), Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬭- (gar-, “swallow up”), Old Armenian կերի (keri, “I ate”), Ancient Greek βιβρώσκω (bibrṓskō, “eat up”), βορά (borá, “food”), Latin vorō (“I devour”), Sanskrit गिरति (giráti, “devour”).


žerti

žьrtьje (noun-from-verb)
žerti (infinitive)
žertъ (supine)
žьrlъ (l-participle)
žьrtъ (participle passive past)
žьřemъ (participle passive present)
žьrъ (active participle past)
žьřę (active participle present)
žerxъ (aorist first-person singular)
žer (aorist second-person singular)
žer (aorist singular third-person)
žьřǫ (first-person present singular)
žьřeši (present second-person singular)
žьřetь (present singular third-person)
žerxově (aorist dual first-person)
žersta (aorist dual second-person)
žerste (aorist dual third-person)
žьřevě (dual first-person present)
žьřeta (dual present second-person)
žьřete (dual present third-person)
žerxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
žerste (aorist plural second-person)
žeršę (aorist plural third-person)
žьřemъ (first-person plural present)
žьřete (plural present second-person)
žьřǫtь (plural present third-person)
žьřaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
žьřaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
žьřaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
žьři (imperative second-person singular)
žьři (imperative singular third-person)
žьřaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
žьřaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
žьřaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
žьřivě (dual first-person imperative)
žьřita (dual imperative second-person)
žьřaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
žьřaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
žьřaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
žьřimъ (first-person imperative plural)
žьřite (imperative plural second-person)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: жрѣти (žrěti)

⇒ Bulgarian: жре́я (žréja) (obsolete)


žьdati

žьdàti (canonical imperfective)
c (accent-paradigm)
žьdanьje (noun-from-verb)
žьdati (infinitive)
žьdatъ (supine)
žьdalъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
žьdanъ (participle passive past)
židomъ (participle passive present)
žьdavъ (active participle past)
židy (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
žьdaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
žьda (aorist second-person singular)
žьda (aorist singular third-person)
židǫ (first-person present singular)
žideši (present second-person singular)
židetь (present singular third-person)
žьdaxově (aorist dual first-person)
žьdasta (aorist dual second-person)
žьdaste (aorist dual third-person)
židevě (dual first-person present)
žideta (dual present second-person)
židete (dual present third-person)
žьdaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
žьdaste (aorist plural second-person)
žьdašę (aorist plural third-person)
židemъ (first-person plural present)
židete (plural present second-person)
židǫtь (plural present third-person)
žьdaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
žьdaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
žьdaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
židi (imperative second-person singular)
židi (imperative singular third-person)
žьdaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
žьdaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
žьdaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
židěvě (dual first-person imperative)
židěta (dual imperative second-person)
žьdaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
žьdaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
žьdaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
židěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
židěte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: жьдати (žĭdati)

Old Ruthenian: ждати (ždati)

Belarusian: ждаць (ždacʹ)

Ukrainian: жда́ти (ždáty)

Russian: ждать (ždatʹ)

Old Pskovian: зьдати (zĭdati)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: жьдати (žĭdati)

Glagolitic script: ⰶⱐⰴⰰⱅⰻ (žĭdati)

Bulgarian: жда (žda), жъда́ (žǎdá) (dialectal)

Slovene: ždẹ́ti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: ždáti

Czech: ždát

Kashubian: żdac

Old Polish: żdać

Inherited or (at least) based on Proto-Balto-Slavic *géistei, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeydʰ-. Cognate with Lithuanian geĩsti (“to desire”) (ye-present), Old Prussian gēide (“[they] wait”) and related to Latvian gàidît (“to wait”), Proto-West Germanic *gīdisōn (“to be greedy”).
Majer presumes origin ultimatly from a proto-medial voice *gʰidʰ-ó(r) ~ *gʰidʰ-ró(r).

kъžьdъ

*kъžьdo (“everyone, altogether”) (< *kъ (“interrogative particle”) + *-žьdо)


žiti

žìti (canonical)
c (accent-paradigm)
žitьje (noun-from-verb)
žiti (infinitive)
žitъ (supine)
žilъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
žitъ (participle passive past)
živomъ (participle passive present)
živъ (active participle past)
živy (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
žixъ (aorist first-person singular)
ži (aorist second-person singular)
žitъ (aorist second-person singular)
ži (aorist singular third-person)
žitъ (aorist singular third-person)
živǫ (first-person present singular)
živeši (present second-person singular)
živetь (present singular third-person)
žixově (aorist dual first-person)
žista (aorist dual second-person)
žiste (aorist dual third-person)
živevě (dual first-person present)
živeta (dual present second-person)
živete (dual present third-person)
žixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
žiste (aorist plural second-person)
žišę (aorist plural third-person)
živemъ (first-person plural present)
živete (plural present second-person)
živǫtь (plural present third-person)
živěaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
živěaše (imperfect second-person singular)
živěaše (imperfect singular third-person)
živi (imperative second-person singular)
živi (imperative singular third-person)
živěaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
živěašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
živěašete (dual imperfect third-person)
živěvě (dual first-person imperative)
živěta (dual imperative second-person)
živěaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
živěašete (imperfect plural second-person)
živěaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
živěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
živěte (imperative plural second-person)
c (accent-paradigm)
žitьje (noun-from-verb)
žiti (infinitive)
žitъ (supine)
žilъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
žitъ (participle passive past)
živomъ (participle passive present)
živъ (active participle past)
živy (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
živъ (aorist first-person singular)
živoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
žive (aorist second-person singular)
žive (aorist singular third-person)
živǫ (first-person present singular)
živeši (present second-person singular)
živetь (present singular third-person)
živově (aorist dual first-person)
živoxově (aorist dual first-person)
živeta (aorist dual second-person)
živosta (aorist dual second-person)
živete (aorist dual third-person)
živoste (aorist dual third-person)
živevě (dual first-person present)
živeta (dual present second-person)
živete (dual present third-person)
živomъ (aorist first-person plural)
živoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
živete (aorist plural second-person)
živoste (aorist plural second-person)
živǫ (aorist plural third-person)
živošę (aorist plural third-person)
živemъ (first-person plural present)
živete (plural present second-person)
živǫtь (plural present third-person)
živěaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
živěaše (imperfect second-person singular)
živěaše (imperfect singular third-person)
živi (imperative second-person singular)
živi (imperative singular third-person)
živěaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
živěašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
živěašete (dual imperfect third-person)
živěvě (dual first-person imperative)
živěta (dual imperative second-person)
živěaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
živěašete (imperfect plural second-person)
živěaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
živěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
živěte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: жити (žiti)

desc

Old Ruthenian: жи́ти (žíti), жы́ти (žýti)

Belarusian: жыць (žycʹ)

Carpathian Rusyn: жы́ти (žŷ́ty)

Ukrainian: жи́ти (žýty)

Russian: жить (žitʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: жити (žiti)

Glagolitic: ⰶⰻⱅⰻ (žiti)

Slovene: žíti (tonal orthography) (archaic)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: žíti
Czech: žít

desctree

Old Polish: żyć, żywać
Polish: żyć
Silesian: żyć

Slovak: žiť

Polabian: zait

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: żëc

Slovincian: żëc

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: žić

Lower Sorbian: žyś

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gīˀwetei, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷíh₃weti.
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian gýti (“to heal; to recover”).
Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit जीवति (jī́vati), Latin vīvō (“to live”) (infinitive vīvere).


stьlati

b (accent-paradigm)
stьlanьje (noun-from-verb)
stьlati (infinitive)
stьlatъ (supine)
stьlalъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
stьlanъ (participle passive past)
steľemъ (participle passive present)
stьlavъ (active participle past)
steľę (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
stьlaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
stьla (aorist second-person singular)
stьla (aorist singular third-person)
steľǫ (first-person present singular)
steľeši (present second-person singular)
steľetь (present singular third-person)
stьlaxově (aorist dual first-person)
stьlasta (aorist dual second-person)
stьlaste (aorist dual third-person)
steľevě (dual first-person present)
steľeta (dual present second-person)
steľete (dual present third-person)
stьlaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
stьlaste (aorist plural second-person)
stьlašę (aorist plural third-person)
steľemъ (first-person plural present)
steľete (plural present second-person)
steľǫtь (plural present third-person)
stьlaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
stьlaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
stьlaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
steľi (imperative second-person singular)
steľi (imperative singular third-person)
stьlaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
stьlaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
stьlaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
steľivě (dual first-person imperative)
steľita (dual imperative second-person)
stьlaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
stьlaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
stьlaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
steľimъ (first-person imperative plural)
steľite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: стьлати (stĭlati)

Belarusian: слаць (slacʹ)

Russian: стлать (stlatʹ)

desc

Ukrainian: сла́ти (sláty), стели́ти (stelýty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: стьлати (stĭlati)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: сте́ля (stélja)

Slovene: stláti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: stláti

Czech: stlát

Old Polish: słać
Polish: słać

Slovak: stlať

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: słać

Lower Sorbian: słaś, stłaś

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *stíltei, from Proto-Indo-European *stel-.
Baltic cognates include Old Prussian stallīt (“to stand”).


židъkъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *židъkъ (hard)

Definite declension of *židъkъ (hard)

židъkъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
židъka (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
židъko (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
židъka (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
židъky (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
židъka (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
židъku (dative indefinite masculine singular)
židъcě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
židъku (dative indefinite neuter singular)
židъkъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
židъkǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
židъko (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
židъkomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
židъkojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
židъkomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
židъcě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
židъcě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
židъcě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
židъče (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
židъko (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
židъko (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
židъka (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
židъcě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
židъcě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
židъku (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
židъku (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
židъku (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
židъkoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
židъkama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
židъkoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
židъka (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
židъcě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
židъcě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
židъkoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
židъkama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
židъkoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
židъku (dual indefinite locative masculine)
židъku (dual feminine indefinite locative)
židъku (dual indefinite locative neuter)
židъka (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
židъcě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
židъcě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
židъci (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
židъky (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
židъka (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
židъkъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
židъkъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
židъkъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
židъkomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
židъkamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
židъkomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
židъky (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
židъky (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
židъka (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
židъky (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
židъkami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
židъky (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
židъcěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
židъkaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
židъcěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
židъci (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
židъky (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
židъka (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
židъkъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
židъkaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
židъkoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
židъkajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
židъkyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
židъkajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
židъkujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
židъcěji (dative definite feminine singular)
židъkujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
židъkъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
židъkǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
židъkoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
židъkyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
židъkǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
židъkyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
židъcějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
židъcěji (definite feminine locative singular)
židъcějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
židъkъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
židъkaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
židъkoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
židъkaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
židъcěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
židъcěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
židъkuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
židъkuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
židъkuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
židъkyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
židъkyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
židъkyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
židъkaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
židъcěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
židъcěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
židъkyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
židъkyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
židъkyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
židъkuju (definite dual locative masculine)
židъkuju (definite dual feminine locative)
židъkuju (definite dual locative neuter)
židъkaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
židъcěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
židъcěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
židъciji (definite masculine nominative plural)
židъkyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
židъkaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
židъkъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
židъkъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
židъkъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
židъkyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
židъkyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
židъkyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
židъkyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
židъkyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
židъkaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
židъkyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
židъkyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
židъkyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
židъkyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
židъkyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
židъkyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
židъciji (definite masculine plural vocative)
židъkyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
židъkaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: жы́дкі (žýdki)

Russian: жи́дкий (žídkij)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: жидъкъ (židŭkŭ)

desc

Bulgarian: жи́дък (žídǎk), жи́тък (žítǎk) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: жи̏дак, жи́дак

Latin script: žȉdak

Slovene: žídǝk

West Slavic:

Czech: židký

Old Polish: żydki

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: židki

Lower Sorbian: žydki

From an earlier *židъ + *-ъkъ. Further origin disputed:
* Snoj, Vasmer: From Proto-Indo-European *gʷeydʰ-, akin to Ancient Greek δεῖσα (deîsa, “slime, filth”) (either via s-extension or perhaps cognate with related jā-stem *žiďa) and/or Old Norse kveisa (“colic”). Doubted by Derksen.
* Derksen: Instead akin to Old Armenian գէջ (gēǰ, “moist”) from Proto-Indo-European *g⁽ʷ⁾ʰeydʰ- (given as *gʰeydʰ- by Derksen).
* Machek: Related to Lithuanian gaidrùs, giẽdras (“clear, ludic”), Latvian dzidrs (“clear, transparent”) and questionably Latvian šķidrs (“liquid”), allegedly from (possibly s-mobile) Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰəyd- ~ *gʷʰēyd-. PIE reconstruction due to Pokorny based on presumed parallels with Ancient Greek φαιδρός (phaidrós, “bright”) (alternatively derived from unrelated *bʰeh₂- (“to shine”)).


svekrъ

svekrъ (nominative singular)
svekra (dual nominative)
svekri (nominative plural)
svekra (genitive singular)
svekru (dual genitive)
svekrъ (genitive plural)
svekru (dative singular)
svekroma (dative dual)
svekromъ (dative plural)
svekrъ (accusative singular)
svekra (accusative dual)
svekry (accusative plural)
svekrъmь (instrumental singular)
svekromь (instrumental singular)
svekroma (dual instrumental)
svekry (instrumental plural)
svekrě (locative singular)
svekru (dual locative)
svekrěxъ (locative plural)
svekre (singular vocative)
svekra (dual vocative)
svekri (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: свекръ (svekrŭ)

Belarusian: свёкар (svjókar)

Russian: свёкор (svjókor)

Ukrainian: све́кор (svékor)

Old Novgorodian: свекре (svekre)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: свекръ (svekrŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⰲⰵⰽⱃⱏ (svekrŭ)

Bulgarian: све́кър (svékǎr)

Macedonian: свекор (svekor)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: свѐкар

Latin script: svèkar

Slovene: svẹ́kər (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: svekr

desc

Czech: svekr (obsolete), švekr (obsolete)

Old Polish: świekier
Polish: świekier

Slovak: svokor

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sweśuras, from Proto-Indo-European *sweḱuros and influenced by *svekrỳ (“mother-in-law”).

inh+

woman's father-in-law (husband's father)

ętry

sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife)


vęzъ

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: вѧзъ

Old Ruthenian: вѧзъ (vjaz)

Belarusian: вяз (vjaz)

Ukrainian: в'яз (vʺjaz)

Russian: вяз (vjaz)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: вез (vez), веза (veza), вяз (vjaz) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ве̑з

Latin script: vȇz

Slovene: vêz (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: vaz

Old Polish: wiąz

Polish: wiąz

Slovak: väz

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: wěz

Upper Sorbian: wjaz

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *winźas, from Proto-Indo-European *winǵos, variant of *wiǵo.
See also English wych (“elm”), Northern Kurdish bizî. Balto-Slavic cognates include Latvian vîksna, Lithuanian vìnkšna.


sьrbъ

sьrbъ (nominative singular)
sьrba (dual nominative)
sьrbi (nominative plural)
sьrba (genitive singular)
sьrbu (dual genitive)
sьrbъ (genitive plural)
sьrbu (dative singular)
sьrboma (dative dual)
sьrbomъ (dative plural)
sьrbъ (accusative singular)
sьrba (accusative dual)
sьrby (accusative plural)
sьrbъmь (instrumental singular)
sьrbomь (instrumental singular)
sьrboma (dual instrumental)
sьrby (instrumental plural)
sьrbě (locative singular)
sьrbu (dual locative)
sьrběxъ (locative plural)
sьrbe (singular vocative)
sьrba (dual vocative)
sьrbi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *сьрбъ (*sĭrbŭ)

desc

Old Ruthenian: сербъ (serb); ⇒ се́рбинъ (sérbin)

Belarusian: серб (sjerb)

Carpathian Rusyn: Серб (Serb)

Ukrainian: серб (serb); ⇒ се́рбин (sérbyn)

Russian: серб (serb)

присе́рбитися

присьо́рбатися

⇒ Ukrainian: присе́рбитися (prysérbytysja), присьо́рбатися (prysʹórbatysja, “to join”)

South Slavic:

⇒ Bulgarian: съ́рбин (sǎ́rbin)

⇒ Macedonian: Србин (Srbin)

Old Serbo-Croatian: срьбинь, срьблинь

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ср̏б; ⇒ Србин, Ср̏бин, ср̏бљин

Latin script: sȑb; ⇒ Srbin, Sȑbin, sȑbljin

West Slavic:

Czech: Srb

Polish: Serb

Slovak: Srb

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: Serb (“Sorb, Kashub”)

Upper Sorbian: Serb (“Sorb, Kashub”)

Non-Slavic:

→ Greek: Σέρβιοι (Sérvioi, “East Slavic tribe”), Σέρβοι (Sérvoi)

→ Medieval Latin: Zribia (“Meissen”)

→ Romanian: sârb

From Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to watch over, protect”).
Indo-European cognates include Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (haraⁱti), 𐬵𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (haᵘruuaⁱti, “he guards”), Proto-Scythian *harv- (> *xъrvatъ, *xъrvatinъ).


Mьstivujь

Mьstivujь (nominative singular)
Mьstivuja (dual nominative)
Mьstivuji (nominative plural)
Mьstivuja (genitive singular)
Mьstivuju (dual genitive)
Mьstivujь (genitive plural)
Mьstivuju (dative singular)
Mьstivujь (accusative singular)
Mьstivuja (accusative dual)
Mьstivuję̇ (accusative plural)
Mьstivuji (instrumental plural)
Mьstivuji (locative singular)
Mьstivuju (dual locative)
Mьstivuju (singular vocative)
Mьstivuja (dual vocative)
Mьstivuji (plural vocative)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: Mscëwùj

Old Polish: Mściwuj / Mściuj, Mystiuy, Mistwi

From imperative form of *mьstiti (“take vengeance, revenge, avenge”) + *ujь (“uncle on mother's side”), from Proto-Indo-European *mith₂-ti-, *h₂ewh₂-i-o- (> Proto-Balto-Slavic *auʔ(i)o-).


Mьstivojь

Mьstivojь (nominative singular)
Mьstivoja (dual nominative)
Mьstivoji (nominative plural)
Mьstivoja (genitive singular)
Mьstivoju (dual genitive)
Mьstivojь (genitive plural)
Mьstivoju (dative singular)
Mьstivojь (accusative singular)
Mьstivoja (accusative dual)
Mьstivoję̇ (accusative plural)
Mьstivoji (instrumental plural)
Mьstivoji (locative singular)
Mьstivoju (dual locative)
Mьstivoju (singular vocative)
Mьstivoja (dual vocative)
Mьstivoji (plural vocative)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: Mstivoj

Czech: Mstivoj

Kashubian: Mscëwòj

Old Polish: Mściwoj, Mistiwoj

From imperative form of *mьstiti (“take vengeance, revenge, avenge”) + *vojь (“soldier”), from Proto-Indo-European *mith₂-ti-, *woyh₁-o-.


Bojьmirъ

Bojьmirъ (nominative singular)
Bojьmira (dual nominative)
Bojьmiri (nominative plural)
Bojьmira (genitive singular)
Bojьmiru (dual genitive)
Bojьmirъ (genitive plural)
Bojьmiru (dative singular)
Bojьmiromъ (dative plural)
Bojьmirъ (accusative singular)
Bojьmira (accusative dual)
Bojьmiry (accusative plural)
Bojьmiry (instrumental plural)
Bojьmirě (locative singular)
Bojьmiru (dual locative)
Bojьmirěxъ (locative plural)
Bojьmire (singular vocative)
Bojьmira (dual vocative)
Bojьmiri (plural vocative)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: Bojmír

From *bojь (“battle, fight”) + *mirъ (“peace, world”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰoiH-o-, *meiH-ro.


Bornimirъ

Bornimirъ (nominative singular)
Bornimira (dual nominative)
Bornimiri (nominative plural)
Bornimira (genitive singular)
Bornimiru (dual genitive)
Bornimirъ (genitive plural)
Bornimiru (dative singular)
Bornimiromъ (dative plural)
Bornimirъ (accusative singular)
Bornimira (accusative dual)
Bornimiry (accusative plural)
Bornimiry (instrumental plural)
Bornimirě (locative singular)
Bornimiru (dual locative)
Bornimirěxъ (locative plural)
Bornimire (singular vocative)
Bornimira (dual vocative)
Bornimiri (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: Бранимир

Latin script: Brànimir

West Slavic:

Czech: Branimír

Anthroponymic composition, imperative form of *borniti + *mirъ (“peace, world”).


nebojь

nebojь (nominative singular)
neboja (dual nominative)
neboji (nominative plural)
neboja (genitive singular)
neboju (dual genitive)
nebojь (genitive plural)
neboju (dative singular)
nebojema (dative dual)
nebojemъ (dative plural)
nebojь (accusative singular)
neboja (accusative dual)
neboję̇ (accusative plural)
nebojьmь (instrumental singular)
nebojemь (instrumental singular)
nebojema (dual instrumental)
neboji (instrumental plural)
neboji (locative singular)
neboju (dual locative)
nebojixъ (locative plural)
neboju (singular vocative)
neboja (dual vocative)
neboji (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Ukrainian: не́бій (nébij)

West Slavic:

Polish: niebój

From *ne- (“not”) + *bojati (“fear, be afraid”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ne, *b(o)i(ʔ)-aʔ-, from Proto-Indo-European *ne, *bʰoyH-eh₂-.


žętva

žę̀tva (canonical feminine)
a (accent-paradigm)
žę̀tva (nominative singular)
žę̀tvě (dual nominative)
žę̀tvy (nominative plural)
žę̀tvy (genitive singular)
žę̀tvu (dual genitive)
žę̀tvъ (genitive plural)
žę̀tvě (dative singular)
žę̀tvama (dative dual)
žę̀tvamъ (dative plural)
žę̀tvǫ (accusative singular)
žę̀tvě (accusative dual)
žę̀tvy (accusative plural)
žę̀tvojǫ (instrumental singular)
žę̀tvǭ (instrumental singular)
žę̀tvama (dual instrumental)
žę̀tvamī (instrumental plural)
žę̀tvě (locative singular)
žę̀tvu (dual locative)
žę̀tvasъ (locative plural)
žę̀tvaxъ (locative plural)
žę̀tvo (singular vocative)
žę̀tvě (dual vocative)
žę̀tvy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: жѧтва

Russian: жатва (žatva)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: жѧтва

Glagolitic script: ⰶⱔⱅⰲⰰ (žętva)

desc

Bulgarian: жъ́тва (žǎ́tva), же́нтва (žéntva) (dialectal)

Macedonian: жетва (žetva)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: же̏тва

Latin script: žȅtva

Slovene: žêtva

West Slavic:

Czech: žatva (literary)

Slovak: žatva

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: žetwa

From *žęti (“to reap, mow”) + *-tva. Compare Sanskrit हन्त्व (hántva, “to be killed or slain”).


zvьněti

zvьněnьje (noun-from-verb)
zvьněti (infinitive)
zvьnětъ (supine)
zvьnělъ (l-participle)
zvьněvъ (active participle past)
zvьnę (active participle present)
zvьněxъ (aorist first-person singular)
zvьně (aorist second-person singular)
zvьně (aorist singular third-person)
zvьňǫ (first-person present singular)
zvьniši (present second-person singular)
zvьnitь (present singular third-person)
zvьněxově (aorist dual first-person)
zvьněsta (aorist dual second-person)
zvьněste (aorist dual third-person)
zvьnivě (dual first-person present)
zvьnita (dual present second-person)
zvьnite (dual present third-person)
zvьněxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
zvьněste (aorist plural second-person)
zvьněšę (aorist plural third-person)
zvьnimъ (first-person plural present)
zvьnite (plural present second-person)
zvьnętь (plural present third-person)
zvьněaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
zvьněaše (imperfect second-person singular)
zvьněaše (imperfect singular third-person)
zvьni (imperative second-person singular)
zvьni (imperative singular third-person)
zvьněaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
zvьněašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
zvьněašete (dual imperfect third-person)
zvьnivě (dual first-person imperative)
zvьnita (dual imperative second-person)
zvьněaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
zvьněašete (imperfect plural second-person)
zvьněaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
zvьnimъ (first-person imperative plural)
zvьnite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: звьнѣти (zvĭněti)

desc

Old Ruthenian: звенѣ́ти (zveně́ti), звинѣ́ти (zvině́ti)

Belarusian: звіне́ць (zvinjécʹ)

Ukrainian: дзвені́ти (dzveníty), звені́ти (zveníty)

Russian: звене́ть (zvenétʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: звьнѣти (zvĭněti)

Glagolitic script: ⰸⰲⱐⱀⱑⱅⰹ (zvĭněti)

Bulgarian: звъня́ (zvǎnjá)

Slovene: zvenẹ́ti

West Slavic:

Old Czech: zvnieti

Czech: znít

Old Polish: zwnieć

Slovak: znieť

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: zněś


žęti

b (accent-paradigm)
žętьje (noun-from-verb)
žęti (infinitive)
žętъ (supine)
žęlъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
žętъ (participle passive past)
žьmomъ (participle passive present)
žьmъ (active participle past)
žьmy (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
žęsъ (aorist first-person singular)
žę (aorist second-person singular)
žę (aorist singular third-person)
žьmǫ (first-person present singular)
žьmeši (present second-person singular)
žьmetь (present singular third-person)
žęsově (aorist dual first-person)
žęsta (aorist dual second-person)
žęste (aorist dual third-person)
žьmevě (dual first-person present)
žьmeta (dual present second-person)
žьmete (dual present third-person)
žęsomъ (aorist first-person plural)
žęste (aorist plural second-person)
žęsę (aorist plural third-person)
žьmemъ (first-person plural present)
žьmete (plural present second-person)
žьmǫtь (plural present third-person)
žьměaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
žьměaše (imperfect second-person singular)
žьměaše (imperfect singular third-person)
žьmi (imperative second-person singular)
žьmi (imperative singular third-person)
žьměaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
žьměašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
žьměašete (dual imperfect third-person)
žьměvě (dual first-person imperative)
žьměta (dual imperative second-person)
žьměaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
žьměašete (imperfect plural second-person)
žьměaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
žьměmъ (first-person imperative plural)
žьměte (imperative plural second-person)

Church Slavonic: жѧти (Serbian)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: жаць (žacʹ)

Russian: жать (žatʹ)

Ukrainian: жа́ти (žáty)

South Slavic:

⇒ Bulgarian: жумя́ (žumjá)

Serbo-Croatian: (obsolete)

Cyrillic script: же̏ти

Latin script: žȅti

Slovene: žẹ́ti (tonal orthography) (rare)

⇒ Slovene: ožẹ́ti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: žieti

Czech: žmout

⇒ Czech: ždímat

Polish: żąć (obsolete)

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: žimać

Lower Sorbian: žimaś

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gémtei, from Proto-Indo-European *gem-. Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek γέντο (génto, “grasped”), Norwegian kumla (“to knead, squeeze”).


žęti

žę̀ti (canonical)
b (accent-paradigm)
žętьje (noun-from-verb)
žęti (infinitive)
žętъ (supine)
žęlъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
žętъ (participle passive past)
žьňemъ (participle passive present)
žьnъ (active participle past)
žьňę (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
žęsъ (aorist first-person singular)
žę (aorist second-person singular)
žę (aorist singular third-person)
žьňǫ (first-person present singular)
žьňeši (present second-person singular)
žьňetь (present singular third-person)
žęsově (aorist dual first-person)
žęsta (aorist dual second-person)
žęste (aorist dual third-person)
žьňevě (dual first-person present)
žьňeta (dual present second-person)
žьňete (dual present third-person)
žęsomъ (aorist first-person plural)
žęste (aorist plural second-person)
žęsę (aorist plural third-person)
žьňemъ (first-person plural present)
žьňete (plural present second-person)
žьňǫtь (plural present third-person)
žьněaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
žьněaše (imperfect second-person singular)
žьněaše (imperfect singular third-person)
žьňi (imperative second-person singular)
žьňi (imperative singular third-person)
žьněaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
žьněašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
žьněašete (dual imperfect third-person)
žьňivě (dual first-person imperative)
žьňita (dual imperative second-person)
žьněaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
žьněašete (imperfect plural second-person)
žьněaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
žьňimъ (first-person imperative plural)
žьňite (imperative plural second-person)
b (accent-paradigm)
žętьje (noun-from-verb)
žęti (infinitive)
žętъ (supine)
žęlъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
žętъ (participle passive past)
žьnomъ (participle passive present)
žьnъ (active participle past)
žьny (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
žęsъ (aorist first-person singular)
žę (aorist second-person singular)
žę (aorist singular third-person)
žьnǫ (first-person present singular)
žьneši (present second-person singular)
žьnetь (present singular third-person)
žęsově (aorist dual first-person)
žęsta (aorist dual second-person)
žęste (aorist dual third-person)
žьnevě (dual first-person present)
žьneta (dual present second-person)
žьnete (dual present third-person)
žęsomъ (aorist first-person plural)
žęste (aorist plural second-person)
žęsę (aorist plural third-person)
žьnemъ (first-person plural present)
žьnete (plural present second-person)
žьnǫtь (plural present third-person)
žьněaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
žьněaše (imperfect second-person singular)
žьněaše (imperfect singular third-person)
žьni (imperative second-person singular)
žьni (imperative singular third-person)
žьněaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
žьněašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
žьněašete (dual imperfect third-person)
žьněvě (dual first-person imperative)
žьněta (dual imperative second-person)
žьněaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
žьněašete (imperfect plural second-person)
žьněaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
žьněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
žьněte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: жаць (žacʹ)

Russian: жать (žatʹ)

Ukrainian: жа́ти (žáty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: жѧти

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: жъ́на (žǎ́na)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: же̏ти

Latin script: žȅti

Slovene: žẹ́ti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: žieti

Czech: žít, žnout

Polish: żąć

Slovak: žať

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: žeć

Lower Sorbian: žeś

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gínˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰén-ye-ti, from *gʷʰen- (“to strike, kill”). No exact cognates in Baltic, but related to Lithuanian genė́ti (“to prune, hem”), Latvian dzenêt (“to prune, hem”).


sudlica

sudlica (nominative singular)
sudlici (dual nominative)
sudlicę̇ (nominative plural)
sudlicę̇ (genitive singular)
sudlicu (dual genitive)
sudlicь (genitive plural)
sudlici (dative singular)
sudlicama (dative dual)
sudlicamъ (dative plural)
sudlicǫ (accusative singular)
sudlici (accusative dual)
sudlicę̇ (accusative plural)
sudlicejǫ (instrumental singular)
sudlicǫ (instrumental singular)
sudlicama (dual instrumental)
sudlicami (instrumental plural)
sudlici (locative singular)
sudlicu (dual locative)
sudlicasъ (locative plural)
sudlicaxъ (locative plural)
sudlice (singular vocative)
sudlici (dual vocative)
sudlicę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: сулица (sulica)

Belarusian: су́лица (súlica)

Russian: су́лица (súlica)

Ukrainian: сули́ця (sulýcja)

→? Old Polish: sulica

Polish: sulica

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Serbian Church Slavonic сулица (sulica)

Slovene: súlica (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: sudlice

Slovak: sudlica

Non-Slavic:

→ Romanian: suliță

From Proto-Indo-European *-dlo + *-ica. It may be cognate with Sanskrit शूल (śūla), शूला (śūlā, “iron spike”), शूक (śūka, “bristle, spike”), Avestan 𐬯𐬏𐬐𐬁 (sūkā).


zьdati

zьdanьje (noun-from-verb)
zьdati (infinitive)
zьdatъ (supine)
zьdalъ (l-participle)
zьdanъ (participle passive past)
ziďemъ (participle passive present)
zьdavъ (active participle past)
ziďę (active participle present)
zьdaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
zьda (aorist second-person singular)
zьda (aorist singular third-person)
ziďǫ (first-person present singular)
ziďeši (present second-person singular)
ziďetь (present singular third-person)
zьdaxově (aorist dual first-person)
zьdasta (aorist dual second-person)
zьdaste (aorist dual third-person)
ziďevě (dual first-person present)
ziďeta (dual present second-person)
ziďete (dual present third-person)
zьdaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
zьdaste (aorist plural second-person)
zьdašę (aorist plural third-person)
ziďemъ (first-person plural present)
ziďete (plural present second-person)
ziďǫtь (plural present third-person)
zьdaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
zьdaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
zьdaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
ziďi (imperative second-person singular)
ziďi (imperative singular third-person)
zьdaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
zьdaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
zьdaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
ziďivě (dual first-person imperative)
ziďita (dual imperative second-person)
zьdaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
zьdaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
zьdaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
ziďimъ (first-person imperative plural)
ziďite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: зьдати (zĭdati)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: зьдати (zĭdati)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: зи́дам (zídam)

Macedonian: ѕида (dzida)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: зи́дати

Latin script: zídati

Slovene: zídati

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *źeidā́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰéydʰ-y-eh₂-ti, from *ǵʰéydʰ-, a metathesized form of *dʰeyǵʰ-.
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian žiẽsti (“form (from clay)”), Latvian zìest (“coat with clay”).


pritъča

pritъča (nominative singular)
pritъči (dual nominative)
pritъčę̇ (nominative plural)
pritъčę̇ (genitive singular)
pritъču (dual genitive)
pritъčь (genitive plural)
pritъči (dative singular)
pritъčama (dative dual)
pritъčamъ (dative plural)
pritъčǫ (accusative singular)
pritъči (accusative dual)
pritъčę̇ (accusative plural)
pritъčejǫ (instrumental singular)
pritъčǫ (instrumental singular)
pritъčama (dual instrumental)
pritъčami (instrumental plural)
pritъči (locative singular)
pritъču (dual locative)
pritъčasъ (locative plural)
pritъčaxъ (locative plural)
pritъče (singular vocative)
pritъči (dual vocative)
pritъčę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic: притъча (pritŭča)

Belarusian: пры́тча (prýtča)

Russian: при́тча (prítča)

→ Armenian: պրիտչա (pritčʻa)

→ Azerbaijani: pritça

Ukrainian: при́тча (prýtča)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: притъча (pritŭča)

Glagolitic: ⱂⱃⰹⱅⱏⱍⰰ (pritŭča)

Bulgarian: при́тча (prítča)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: при̑ча

Latin script: prȋča

Slovene: príča (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Polish: przytcza

From *pritъknǫti (“to hit, to happen”), from *pri- + *tъknǫti.


metъliga

metъliga (nominative singular)
metъlidzě (dual nominative)
metъligy (nominative plural)
metъligy (genitive singular)
metъligu (dual genitive)
metъligъ (genitive plural)
metъlidzě (dative singular)
metъligama (dative dual)
metъligamъ (dative plural)
metъligǫ (accusative singular)
metъlidzě (accusative dual)
metъligy (accusative plural)
metъligojǫ (instrumental singular)
metъligǫ (instrumental singular)
metъligama (dual instrumental)
metъligami (instrumental plural)
metъlidzě (locative singular)
metъligu (dual locative)
metъligasъ (locative plural)
metъligaxъ (locative plural)
metъligo (singular vocative)
metъlidzě (dual vocative)
metъligy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: dial. метли́га (metlíga)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: метли́га (metlíga)


usъnǫti

usъpenьje (noun-from-verb)
usъnǫti (infinitive)
usъnǫtъ (supine)
usъplъ (l-participle)
usъpъ (active participle past)
usъpъ (aorist first-person singular)
usъpoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
usъpe (aorist second-person singular)
usъpe (aorist singular third-person)
usъnǫ (first-person present singular)
usъneši (present second-person singular)
usъnetь (present singular third-person)
usъpově (aorist dual first-person)
usъpoxově (aorist dual first-person)
usъpeta (aorist dual second-person)
usъposta (aorist dual second-person)
usъpete (aorist dual third-person)
usъposte (aorist dual third-person)
usъnevě (dual first-person present)
usъneta (dual present second-person)
usъnete (dual present third-person)
usъpomъ (aorist first-person plural)
usъpoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
usъpete (aorist plural second-person)
usъposte (aorist plural second-person)
usъpǫ (aorist plural third-person)
usъpošę (aorist plural third-person)
usъnemъ (first-person plural present)
usъnete (plural present second-person)
usъnǫtь (plural present third-person)
usъni (imperative second-person singular)
usъni (imperative singular third-person)
usъněvě (dual first-person imperative)
usъněta (dual imperative second-person)
usъněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
usъněte (imperative plural second-person)
usъnovenьje (noun-from-verb)
usъnǫti (infinitive)
usъnǫtъ (supine)
usъnǫlъ (l-participle)
usъnǫvъ (active participle past)
usъnǫxъ (aorist first-person singular)
usъnǫ (aorist second-person singular)
usъnǫ (aorist singular third-person)
usъnǫ (first-person present singular)
usъneši (present second-person singular)
usъnetь (present singular third-person)
usъnǫxově (aorist dual first-person)
usъnǫsta (aorist dual second-person)
usъnǫste (aorist dual third-person)
usъnevě (dual first-person present)
usъneta (dual present second-person)
usъnete (dual present third-person)
usъnǫxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
usъnǫste (aorist plural second-person)
usъnǫšę (aorist plural third-person)
usъnemъ (first-person plural present)
usъnete (plural present second-person)
usъnǫtь (plural present third-person)
usъni (imperative second-person singular)
usъni (imperative singular third-person)
usъněvě (dual first-person imperative)
usъněta (dual imperative second-person)
usъněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
usъněte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: усну́ть (usnútʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: усънѫти (usŭnǫti)

Glagolitic script: ⱆⱄⱏⱀⱘⱅⰻ (usŭnǫti)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: usnúti

Czech: usnout

Old Polish: usnąć

Polish: usnąć

Slovak: usnúť

From *u- (“away”) + *sъpati (“to sleep”), from Proto-Indo-European *sup-.


sъnъ

sъ̀nъ (canonical masculine)
b (accent-paradigm)
sъ̀nъ (nominative singular)
sъnà (dual nominative)
sъnì (nominative plural)
sъnà (genitive singular)
sъnù (dual genitive)
sъ̀nъ (genitive plural)
sъnù (dative singular)
sъnòma (dative dual)
sъnòmъ (dative plural)
sъ̀nъ (accusative singular)
sъnà (accusative dual)
sъnỳ (accusative plural)
sъnъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
sъnòmь (instrumental singular)
sъnòma (dual instrumental)
sъ̀ny (instrumental plural)
sъně̀ (locative singular)
sъnù (dual locative)
sъ̀něxъ (locative plural)
sъne (singular vocative)
sъnà (dual vocative)
sъnì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: сънъ (sŭnŭ)
Old Ruthenian: сонъ (son)
Belarusian: сон (son)
Carpathian Rusyn: сон (son)
Ukrainian: сон (son)
Russian: сон (son)

Old Novgorodian: *съне (*sŭne)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: сънъ (sŭnŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱏⱀⱏ (sŭnŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: са̏н

Latin script: sȁn

Slovene: sə̏n (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: sen

Czech: sen

Polish: sen

→ Old Ruthenian: сенъ (sen)

Polabian: *sån

Old Slovak: sen, son

Pannonian Rusyn: сон (son)

Slovak: sen

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: són

Lower Sorbian: soń

From an earlier *sъpnъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *súpnas, from Proto-Indo-European *supnós.


piščalь

piščalь (nominative singular)
piščali (dual nominative)
piščali (nominative plural)
piščali (genitive singular)
piščalьju (dual genitive)
piščalьjь (genitive plural)
piščali (dative singular)
piščalьma (dative dual)
piščalьmъ (dative plural)
piščalь (accusative singular)
piščali (accusative dual)
piščali (accusative plural)
piščalьjǫ (instrumental singular)
piščalьma (dual instrumental)
piščalьmi (instrumental plural)
piščali (locative singular)
piščalьju (dual locative)
piščalьxъ (locative plural)
piščali (singular vocative)
piščali (dual vocative)
piščali (plural vocative)

Church Slavonic: пищаль (pištalĭ)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: пішча́ль (piščálʹ)

Russian: пища́ль (piščálʹ)

Ukrainian: пища́ль (pyščálʹ)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: пищя́л (pištjál, “shinbone”)

Macedonian: писка (piska, “shinbone”)

Slovene: piščal

West Slavic:

Old Czech: píščala

Czech: píšťala (see there for further descendants)

Polish: piszczel, piszczałka

Slovak: píšťala

From earlier *piskělь, from *piskati, *piščati (“squeak, whistle”) + *-ělь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *pīṣk-. According to Derksen, it's best to posit an onomatopoeic root *pī- followed by the suffix *-sk-.

onomatopoeic

onomatopoeic


zaverti

zavèrti (canonical)
b (accent-paradigm)
zavьrtьje (noun-from-verb)
zaverti (infinitive)
zavertъ (supine)
zavьrlъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
zavьrtъ (participle passive past)
zavьromъ (participle passive present)
zavьrъ (active participle past)
zavьry (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
zaverxъ (aorist first-person singular)
zaver (aorist second-person singular)
zaver (aorist singular third-person)
zavьrǫ (first-person present singular)
zavьreši (present second-person singular)
zavьretь (present singular third-person)
zaverxově (aorist dual first-person)
zaversta (aorist dual second-person)
zaverste (aorist dual third-person)
zavьrevě (dual first-person present)
zavьreta (dual present second-person)
zavьrete (dual present third-person)
zaverxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
zaverste (aorist plural second-person)
zaveršę (aorist plural third-person)
zavьremъ (first-person plural present)
zavьrete (plural present second-person)
zavьrǫtь (plural present third-person)
zavьrěaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
zavьrěaše (imperfect second-person singular)
zavьrěaše (imperfect singular third-person)
zavьri (imperative second-person singular)
zavьri (imperative singular third-person)
zavьrěaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
zavьrěašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
zavьrěašete (dual imperfect third-person)
zavьrěvě (dual first-person imperative)
zavьrěta (dual imperative second-person)
zavьrěaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
zavьrěašete (imperfect plural second-person)
zavьrěaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
zavьrěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
zavьrěte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: завере́ть (zaverétʹ) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: заврѣти (zavrěti)

Glagolitic: ⰸⰰⰲⱃⱑⱅⰻ (zavrěti)

Bulgarian: завра́ (zavrá)

Macedonian: завре (zavre)

Serbo-Croatian:

Chakavian (Vrgada): zavrĩti

Slovene: zavrẹ́ti (tonal orthography)

Rovte dialect (Črni vrh, Idrija): zḁu̯rȩ̏ť

West Slavic:

Old Czech: zavřieti

Czech: zavřít

Bohemian (Chod dialect): zavřít

Polish: zawrzeć

Slovak: zavrieť

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: zawrjeć

Lower Sorbian: zawrěś


obora

Oleg Trubachyov
Rick Derksen
ru:Журавлёв, Анатолий Фёдорович

obora (nominative singular)
oborě (dual nominative)
obory (nominative plural)
obory (genitive singular)
oboru (dual genitive)
oborъ (genitive plural)
oborě (dative singular)
oborama (dative dual)
oboramъ (dative plural)
oborǫ (accusative singular)
oborě (accusative dual)
obory (accusative plural)
oborojǫ (instrumental singular)
oborǫ (instrumental singular)
oborama (dual instrumental)
oborami (instrumental plural)
oborě (locative singular)
oboru (dual locative)
oborasъ (locative plural)
oboraxъ (locative plural)
oboro (singular vocative)
oborě (dual vocative)
obory (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *обора (*obora)

Middle Russian: обо́ра (obóra)

Russian: (dialectal) обо́ра (obóra)

desc

⇒ Russian: (dialectal) обо́р m (obór), о́бор m (óbor)

Old Ruthenian: обо́ра (obóra)

Belarusian: або́ра (abóra)

Ukrainian: обо́ра (obóra)

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic: обора (obora)

West Slavic:

Polish: obora (dialectal)

From earlier *obvora, deverbal from *obverti. Parallel to Lithuanian apvarà, but prefix has different etymology.


obora

obòra (canonical feminine)
a (accent-paradigm)
obòra (nominative singular)
obòrě (dual nominative)
obòry (nominative plural)
obòry (genitive singular)
obòru (dual genitive)
obòrъ (genitive plural)
obòrě (dative singular)
obòrama (dative dual)
obòramъ (dative plural)
obòrǫ (accusative singular)
obòrě (accusative dual)
obòry (accusative plural)
obòrojǫ (instrumental singular)
obòrǭ (instrumental singular)
obòrama (dual instrumental)
obòramī (instrumental plural)
obòrě (locative singular)
obòru (dual locative)
obòrasъ (locative plural)
obòraxъ (locative plural)
obòro (singular vocative)
obòrě (dual vocative)
obòry (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *обора (*obora)

Middle Russian: обо́ра (obóra)

Russian: обо́ра (obóra), обво́ра (obvóra) (dialectal)

Old Ruthenian: обо́ра (obóra)

Belarusian: або́ра (abóra)

Ukrainian: обо́ра (obóra)

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic: обора (obora)

West Slavic:

desctree

Old Czech: obora
Czech: obora
→ Slovak: obora
→ Slovene: obọ̑ra (tonal orthography)

Old Polish: obora
Polish: obora
→ Low Prussian: Oborre
Silesian: ôbora

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: òbòra

Slovincian: wôbôra

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: wobora

From earlier *obvòra, deverbal from *obverti.


lęděninъ

lęděninъ (nominative singular)
lęděnina (dual nominative)
lęděne (nominative plural)
lęděninъ (accusative singular)
lęděnina (accusative dual)
lęděny (accusative plural)
lęděninа (genitive singular)
lęděninu (dual genitive)
lęděnъ (genitive plural)
lęděnině (locative singular)
lęděninu (dual locative)
lęděnьxъ (locative plural)
lęděninu (dative singular)
lęděninoma (dative dual)
lęděnьmъ (dative plural)
lęděninomь (instrumental singular)
lęděninoma (dual instrumental)
lęděny (instrumental plural)
lęděnine (singular vocative)
lęděnina (dual vocative)
lęděne (plural vocative)

West Slavic:

desc

Polish: Lędzanie pl, Lędzianie pl (“Lendians”)

Non-Slavic:

→ Old Hungarian: lengyen (“Pole”)

Hungarian: lengyel (“Pole”)

→ Byzantine Greek: Λενζανηνοί (Lenzanēnoí), λενζενινοι (lenzeninoi, “Lendians”)

→ Latin: Lendizi (“Lendians”)

From *lędo (“heath, uncultivated field”) + *-ěninъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *linda, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ-.


ruxъ

rȗxъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
rȗxъ (nominative singular)
rȗxa (dual nominative)
rȗśi (nominative plural)
rȗxa (genitive singular)
ruxù (dual genitive)
rũxъ (genitive plural)
rȗxu (dative singular)
ruxomà (dative dual)
ruxòmъ (dative plural)
rȗxъ (accusative singular)
rȗxa (accusative dual)
rȗxy (accusative plural)
rȗxъmь (instrumental singular)
rȗxomь (instrumental singular)
ruxomà (dual instrumental)
ruxý (instrumental plural)
rȗśě (locative singular)
ruxù (dual locative)
ruśě̃xъ (locative plural)
ruše (singular vocative)
rȗxa (dual vocative)
rȗśi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: рух (rux)

Ukrainian: рух (rux)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: rëch

Old Czech: ruch
Czech: ruch

Polish: ruch

Silesian: ruch

Slovak: ruch

Slovincian: rëch

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *raušas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rows-o-s, from *h₃rews-, extension of *h₃er-.
Cognate with
Lithuanian ruošus,
Old Norse reyrr (“pile of stones”)
Compare
Lithuanian rušė́ti, ruõšti, ruošiù, ruošà,
Latvian ross,
Swedish rûsа,
Middle High German rûsch,
Old High German rôsc, rôsci
Further related to Latin ruō


kuča

kùča (canonical feminine)
a (accent-paradigm)
kùča (nominative singular)
kùči (dual nominative)
kùčę̇ (nominative plural)
kùčę̇ (genitive singular)
kùču (dual genitive)
kùčь (genitive plural)
kùčī (dative singular)
kùčama (dative dual)
kùčāmъ (dative plural)
kùčǫ (accusative singular)
kùči (accusative dual)
kùčę̇ (accusative plural)
kùčējǫ (instrumental singular)
kùčǭ (instrumental singular)
kùčama (dual instrumental)
kùčāmī (instrumental plural)
kùčī (locative singular)
kùču (dual locative)
kùčāsъ (locative plural)
kùče (singular vocative)
kùči (dual vocative)
kùčę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: ку́ча (kúča)

Russian: ку́ча (kúča)

Ukrainian: ку́ча (kúča)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ку́ча

Latin script: kúča

West Slavic:

Czech: kučе

Polish: kusza (archaic, dialectal)

Slovincian: kucza


cěpъ

cěpъ (nominative singular)
cěpa (dual nominative)
cěpi (nominative plural)
cěpa (genitive singular)
cěpu (dual genitive)
cěpъ (genitive plural)
cěpu (dative singular)
cěpoma (dative dual)
cěpomъ (dative plural)
cěpъ (accusative singular)
cěpa (accusative dual)
cěpy (accusative plural)
cěpъmь (instrumental singular)
cěpomь (instrumental singular)
cěpoma (dual instrumental)
cěpy (instrumental plural)
cěpě (locative singular)
cěpu (dual locative)
cěpěxъ (locative plural)
cěpe (singular vocative)
cěpa (dual vocative)
cěpi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: цѣпъ (cěpŭ), чепь (čepĭ)
Belarusian: цэп (cep)
Russian: цеп (cep), цоп (cop) (dialectal), чап (čap), чеп (čep), цепы́ pl (cepý)
Russian: цепь (cepʹ), цѣпь (cěpʹ) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Armenian: ցեպ (cʻep)
→ Finnish: sieppi
→ Ingrian: tseppi
→ Karelian: čieppi
→ Kildin Sami: цӣп (cīp)
Ukrainian: цеп (cep)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: цеп (cep), ц'яп (c'jap) (dialectal), цап (cap), цепи́ (cepí), цъ́пи (cǎ́pi)

Macedonian: цеп (cep)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: це̑п, ције̑п, цип (dialectal)

Latin script: cȇp, cijȇp, cȋp (dialectal)

Slovene: cȇp

West Slavic:

Czech: cep, cép (dialectal)

Polabian: cepoi pl

Kashubian: cep

Polish: cep

Slovak: cap

Slovincian: cêpy

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: cypy pl

Lower Sorbian: cepy pl

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: csép

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)kēi-p- : *(s)koi-p-.
Compare Lithuanian skiẽpas, skiẽpti : skiẽbti, Old High German skivaro, Old Norse skīfa, Ancient Greek σκοῖπος (skoîpos).
Probably related to Ancient Greek σκίπων (skípōn), Latin sсīрiō, Proto-Germanic *skipą (“ship; hollow object”), perhaps Latin scindō (“I split”), Ancient Greek σχίζω (skhízō, “I split, cleave”), Sanskrit छिनत्ति (chinatti), perhaps Sanskrit शिफा (śíphā, “fibrous or flexible root”).


rudъ

rȗdъ (canonical)
rudъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
ruda (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
rudo (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
ruda (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
rudy (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
ruda (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
rudu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
rudě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
rudu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
rudъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
rudǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
rudo (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
rudomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
rudojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
rudomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
rudě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
rudě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
rudě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
rude (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
rudo (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
rudo (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
ruda (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
rudě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
rudě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
rudu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
rudu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
rudu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
rudoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
rudama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
rudoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
ruda (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
rudě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
rudě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
rudoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
rudama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
rudoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
rudu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
rudu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
rudu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
ruda (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
rudě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
rudě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
rudi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
rudy (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
ruda (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
rudъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
rudъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
rudъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
rudomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
rudamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
rudomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
rudy (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
rudy (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
ruda (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
rudy (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
rudami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
rudy (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
ruděxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
rudaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
ruděxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
rudi (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
rudy (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
ruda (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
rudъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
rudaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
rudoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
rudajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
rudyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
rudajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
rudujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
ruději (dative definite feminine singular)
rudujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
rudъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
rudǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
rudoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
rudyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
rudǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
rudyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
rudějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
ruději (definite feminine locative singular)
rudějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
rudъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
rudaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
rudoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
rudaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
ruději (definite dual feminine nominative)
ruději (definite dual neuter nominative)
ruduju (definite dual genitive masculine)
ruduju (definite dual feminine genitive)
ruduju (definite dual genitive neuter)
rudyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
rudyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
rudyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
rudaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
ruději (accusative definite dual feminine)
ruději (accusative definite dual neuter)
rudyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
rudyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
rudyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
ruduju (definite dual locative masculine)
ruduju (definite dual feminine locative)
ruduju (definite dual locative neuter)
rudaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
ruději (definite dual feminine vocative)
ruději (definite dual neuter vocative)
rudiji (definite masculine nominative plural)
rudyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
rudaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
rudъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
rudъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
rudъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
rudyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
rudyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
rudyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
rudyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
rudyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
rudaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
rudyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
rudyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
rudyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
rudyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
rudyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
rudyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
rudiji (definite masculine plural vocative)
rudyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
rudaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *rudъ (hard)

Definite declension of *rudъ (hard)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: рудъ (rudŭ)

Belarusian: ру́ды (rúdy)

desc

Russian: ру́дый (rúdyj), рудо́й (rudój) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: руди́й (rudýj)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: руд (rud)

Macedonian: руд (rud)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ру̑д

Latin script: rȗd

Slovene: rȗd

West Slavic:

Old Czech: rudý

Czech: rudý

Polish: rudy

Slovak: rudý

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: rudy

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *raudas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰ-o-, from *h₁rewdʰ-.
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian raũdas (“reddish brown, bay, reddish”), Latvian raũds (“red, reddish brown, light bay”).
Indo-European cognates include Latin dial. rūfus (“red-haired, reddish”), Proto-Germanic *raudaz (“red”).


kręgъ

kręgъ (nominative singular)
kręga (dual nominative)
krędzi (nominative plural)
kręga (genitive singular)
kręgu (dual genitive)
kręgъ (genitive plural)
kręgu (dative singular)
kręgoma (dative dual)
kręgomъ (dative plural)
kręgъ (accusative singular)
kręga (accusative dual)
kręgy (accusative plural)
kręgъmь (instrumental singular)
kręgomь (instrumental singular)
kręgoma (dual instrumental)
kręgy (instrumental plural)
krędzě (locative singular)
kręgu (dual locative)
krędzěxъ (locative plural)
kręže (singular vocative)
kręga (dual vocative)
krędzi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old Ukrainian: крягъ (krjah)

From Proto-Indo-European *kreng(ʰ)-o-.
Indo-European cognates include Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring, circle; curve”).


gorěti

c (accent-paradigm)
gorěnьje (noun-from-verb)
gorěti (infinitive)
gorětъ (supine)
gorělъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
gorěvъ (active participle past)
gorę (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
gorěxъ (aorist first-person singular)
gorě (aorist second-person singular)
gorě (aorist singular third-person)
gořǫ (first-person present singular)
goriši (present second-person singular)
goritь (present singular third-person)
gorěxově (aorist dual first-person)
gorěsta (aorist dual second-person)
gorěste (aorist dual third-person)
gorivě (dual first-person present)
gorita (dual present second-person)
gorite (dual present third-person)
gorěxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
gorěste (aorist plural second-person)
gorěšę (aorist plural third-person)
gorimъ (first-person plural present)
gorite (plural present second-person)
gorętь (plural present third-person)
gorěaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
gorěaše (imperfect second-person singular)
gorěaše (imperfect singular third-person)
gori (imperative second-person singular)
gori (imperative singular third-person)
gorěaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
gorěašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
gorěašete (dual imperfect third-person)
gorivě (dual first-person imperative)
gorita (dual imperative second-person)
gorěaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
gorěašete (imperfect plural second-person)
gorěaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
gorimъ (first-person imperative plural)
gorite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: горѣти (gorěti)

Old Ruthenian: горѣти (horěti)

Belarusian: гарэ́ць (harécʹ)

Ukrainian: горі́ти (horíty)

Carpathian Rusyn: гориц (horyc)

Russian: горе́ть (gorétʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: горѣти (gorěti)

Glagolitic: ⰳⱁⱃⱑⱅⰻ (gorěti)

Bulgarian: горя́ (gorjá)

Macedonian: гори (gori)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: го̀рети, го̀рјети

Latin: gòreti, gòrjeti

Slovene: gorẹ́ti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: hořěti

Czech: hořet

Old Polish: gorzeć

Polish: gorzeć

Silesian: goreć

Slovak: horieť

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *garḗˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰor-, from *gʷʰer-. Baltic cognates include Lithuanian garė́ti (“to evaporate, breathe out”). Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek θερμός (thermós, “warm”), Sanskrit घृण (ghṛṇá, “heat, glow”), Albanian ngroh (“to heat”), Latvian grēmens (“heartburn”), and possibly English warm.

Rick Derksen
be:Аляксандр Мікалаевіч Булыка


mitorъ

mitorъ (nominative singular)
mitora (dual nominative)
mitori (nominative plural)
mitora (genitive singular)
mitoru (dual genitive)
mitorъ (genitive plural)
mitoru (dative singular)
mitoroma (dative dual)
mitoromъ (dative plural)
mitorъ (accusative singular)
mitora (accusative dual)
mitory (accusative plural)
mitorъmь (instrumental singular)
mitoromь (instrumental singular)
mitoroma (dual instrumental)
mitory (instrumental plural)
mitorě (locative singular)
mitoru (dual locative)
mitorěxъ (locative plural)
mitore (singular vocative)
mitora (dual vocative)
mitori (plural vocative)

West Slavic:

Slovak: mítor

From the root of *mitъ, *mitь, *mitusь + *-orъ.


čislo

čīslò (canonical neuter)
b (accent-paradigm)
čīslò (nominative singular)
čĩslě (dual nominative)
čīslà (nominative plural)
čīslà (genitive singular)
čīslù (dual genitive)
čĩslъ (genitive plural)
čīslù (dative singular)
čīslòma (dative dual)
čīslòmъ (dative plural)
čīslò (accusative singular)
čĩslě (accusative dual)
čīslà (accusative plural)
čīslъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
čīslòmь (instrumental singular)
čīslòma (dual instrumental)
čĩsly (instrumental plural)
čīslě̀ (locative singular)
čīslù (dual locative)
čĩslěxъ (locative plural)
čīslò (singular vocative)
čĩslě (dual vocative)
čīslà (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: число (čislo)

Belarusian: чысло́ (čysló)

desctree

Russian: число́ (čisló)
→ Ingrian: cisla
→ Yakut: чыыһыла (cııhıla)

Carpathian Rusyn: число (čyslo)

Ukrainian: число́ (čysló)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: число (čislo)

Bulgarian: число́ (čisló)

Macedonian: число (čislo)

Serbo-Croatian: číslo

Slovene: číslo (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: číslo

Czech: číslo

Bohemian (Chod dialect): číslo

Old Polish: czysło

Slovak: číslo

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: čisło

→ Lower Sorbian: cysło


krupa

krūpà (canonical feminine)
b (accent-paradigm)
krūpà (nominative singular)
krũpě (dual nominative)
krūpỳ (nominative plural)
krūpỳ (genitive singular)
krūpù (dual genitive)
krũpъ (genitive plural)
krūpě̀ (dative singular)
krūpàma (dative dual)
krūpàmъ (dative plural)
krūpǫ̀ (accusative singular)
krũpě (accusative dual)
krūpỳ (accusative plural)
krūpòjǫ (instrumental singular)
krũpǫ (instrumental singular)
krūpàma (dual instrumental)
krūpàmī (instrumental plural)
krūpě̀ (locative singular)
krūpù (dual locative)
krūpàsъ (locative plural)
krūpàxъ (locative plural)
krupo (singular vocative)
krũpě (dual vocative)
krūpỳ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: крупа́ (krupá)

Russenorsk: gropa

Ukrainian: крупа (krupa)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: крупа (krupa)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кру́па

Latin script: krúpa

Slovene: krúpa (tonal orthography) (obsolete)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: krúpa

Czech: kroupa

Moravian (Mistřice): krúpa

Polish: krupy

Slovak: krúpy

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: krupa

Lower Sorbian: kšupa

→ Middle High German: grūpe (probably via Sorbian and/or Polish)

German: Graupe

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kraupāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *krowp-eh₂, from *krewp-. Baltic cognates include Lithuanian kr̨aũpa (“wart”). Indo-European cognates include Icelandic hrýfi (“scabies”).


gazъ

gazъ (nominative singular)
gaza (dual nominative)
gazi (nominative plural)
gaza (genitive singular)
gazu (dual genitive)
gazъ (genitive plural)
gazu (dative singular)
gazoma (dative dual)
gazomъ (dative plural)
gazъ (accusative singular)
gaza (accusative dual)
gazy (accusative plural)
gazъmь (instrumental singular)
gazomь (instrumental singular)
gazoma (dual instrumental)
gazy (instrumental plural)
gazě (locative singular)
gazu (dual locative)
gazěxъ (locative plural)
gaze (singular vocative)
gaza (dual vocative)
gazi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: газ (haz) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Macedonian: газ (gaz) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: га̑з

Latin script: gȃz

Slovene: gaz

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gāˀźas, from an extension of Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₂- (“to go”).