šujь

šȗjь (canonical)
šujь (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
šuja (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
šuje (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
šuja (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
šuję̇ (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
šuja (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
šuju (dative indefinite masculine singular)
šuji (dative feminine indefinite singular)
šuju (dative indefinite neuter singular)
šujь (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
šujǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
šuje (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
šujemь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
šujejǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
šujemь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
šuji (indefinite locative masculine singular)
šuji (feminine indefinite locative singular)
šuji (indefinite locative neuter singular)
šuju (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
šuje (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
šuje (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
šuja (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
šuji (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
šuji (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
šuju (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
šuju (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
šuju (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
šujema (dative dual indefinite masculine)
šujama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
šujema (dative dual indefinite neuter)
šuja (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
šuji (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
šuji (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
šujema (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
šujama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
šujema (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
šuju (dual indefinite locative masculine)
šuju (dual feminine indefinite locative)
šuju (dual indefinite locative neuter)
šuja (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
šuji (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
šuji (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
šuji (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
šuję̇ (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
šuja (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
šujь (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
šujь (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
šujь (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
šujemъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
šujamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
šujemъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
šuję̇ (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
šuję̇ (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
šuja (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
šuji (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
šujami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
šuji (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
šujixъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
šujaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
šujixъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
šuji (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
šuję̇ (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
šuja (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
šujьjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
šujaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
šujeje (definite neuter nominative singular)
šujajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
šuję̇ję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
šujajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
šujujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
šujiji (dative definite feminine singular)
šujujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
šujьjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
šujǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
šujeje (accusative definite neuter singular)
šujijimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
šujǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
šujijimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
šujijemь (definite locative masculine singular)
šujiji (definite feminine locative singular)
šujijemь (definite locative neuter singular)
šujьjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
šujaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
šujeje (definite neuter singular vocative)
šujaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
šujiji (definite dual feminine nominative)
šujiji (definite dual neuter nominative)
šujuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
šujuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
šujuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
šujijima (dative definite dual masculine)
šujijima (dative definite dual feminine)
šujijima (dative definite dual neuter)
šujaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
šujiji (accusative definite dual feminine)
šujiji (accusative definite dual neuter)
šujijima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
šujijima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
šujijima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
šujuju (definite dual locative masculine)
šujuju (definite dual feminine locative)
šujuju (definite dual locative neuter)
šujaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
šujiji (definite dual feminine vocative)
šujiji (definite dual neuter vocative)
šujiji (definite masculine nominative plural)
šuję̇ję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
šujaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
šujьjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
šujьjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
šujьjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
šujijimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
šujijimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
šujijimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
šuję̇ję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
šuję̇ję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
šujaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
šujijimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
šujijimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
šujijimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
šujijixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
šujijixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
šujijixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
šujiji (definite masculine plural vocative)
šuję̇ję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
šujaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *šujь (soft)

Definite declension of *šujь (soft)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: шуи (šui)

Old Ruthenian: шуй (šuj)

⇒ Ukrainian: шу́йбіч (šújbič)

Russian: шуй (šuj)

⇒ Russian: шу́йца (šújca)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

desc

Old Cyrillic script: шоуи (šui), шюи (šjui)

Glagolitic script: ⱎⱆⰺ (šui), ⱎⱓⰺ (šjui)

⇒ Old Cyrillic script: шоуица (šuica)

⇒ Glagolitic script: ⱎⱆⰺⱌⰰ (šuica)

Old Serbo-Croatian: šuj

Serbo-Croatian:

⇒ Cyrillic script: шувак

⇒ Latin script: šuvak

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: šȗj, šúja f (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Polish: szuja f
Polish: szuja

From earlier *sjūju, inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sjaujás, from Proto-Indo-European *(h₁)sewyós.
Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit सव्य (savya, “left”), Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬊𐬎𐬎𐬀 (haouua), 𐬵𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬌𐬀 (haoiia), Middle Welsh aswy, aseu (“left”) (*adsewyo-, *adsewo-).


kъrčьma

kъrčьma (nominative singular)
kъrčьmě (dual nominative)
kъrčьmy (nominative plural)
kъrčьmy (genitive singular)
kъrčьmu (dual genitive)
kъrčьmъ (genitive plural)
kъrčьmě (dative singular)
kъrčьmama (dative dual)
kъrčьmamъ (dative plural)
kъrčьmǫ (accusative singular)
kъrčьmě (accusative dual)
kъrčьmy (accusative plural)
kъrčьmojǫ (instrumental singular)
kъrčьmǫ (instrumental singular)
kъrčьmama (dual instrumental)
kъrčьmami (instrumental plural)
kъrčьmě (locative singular)
kъrčьmu (dual locative)
kъrčьmasъ (locative plural)
kъrčьmaxъ (locative plural)
kъrčьmo (singular vocative)
kъrčьmě (dual vocative)
kъrčьmy (plural vocative)

Church Slavonic: кърчьма (kŭrčĭma), кръчьма (krŭčĭma), корчма (korčma), Корчома (Korčoma) (Russian)

East Slavic: кърчьма (kŭrčĭma), кръчьма (krŭčĭma), корчма (korčma), Корчома (Korčoma)

Belarusian: карчма́ (karčmá)

Russian: корчма́ (korčmá) (obsolete)

Ukrainian: ко́рчма́ (kórčmá)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: кръчьма (krŭčĭma)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: кръ́чма (krǎ́čma)

Macedonian: крчма (krčma)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кр̏чма

Latin script: kȑčma

Slovene: kr̄čma (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: krčma

Czech: krčma

Kashubian: karczma

Old Polish: karczma, kaczma

Polish: karczma, dial. karč́ma, karcma, kačma

Slovak: krčma

Slovincian: karczma

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: korčma

Lower Sorbian: kjarcma

(Schleifer dialect): kercma

Non-Slavic:

→ Middle High German: kretscheme

German: Kretscham

→ Hungarian: kocsma, korcsma

→ Romani: katšima

→ German: Kaschemme

→ Romanian: cârciumă, crâșmă

→ Estonian: kõrts

Probably from *kъrčiti + *-ьma, from *kъrčь / *kъrča.


brutъ

brutъ (nominative singular)
bruta (dual nominative)
bruti (nominative plural)
bruta (genitive singular)
brutu (dual genitive)
brutъ (genitive plural)
brutu (dative singular)
brutoma (dative dual)
brutomъ (dative plural)
brutъ (accusative singular)
bruta (accusative dual)
bruty (accusative plural)
brutъmь (instrumental singular)
brutomь (instrumental singular)
brutoma (dual instrumental)
bruty (instrumental plural)
brutě (locative singular)
brutu (dual locative)
brutěxъ (locative plural)
brute (singular vocative)
bruta (dual vocative)
bruti (plural vocative)

Church Slavonic: броутъ (brutŭ) (Serbian)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: брут (brut)

Macedonian: брут (brut)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бру̏т (dialectal)

Latin: brȕt

From earlier *bruktъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *brauktas, from *brauktei with depalatalization, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewḱ-.
Cognate with
Lithuanian braũktas,
Latvian braukts.


rydlo

rỳdlo (canonical neuter)
a (accent-paradigm)
rỳdlo (nominative singular)
rỳdlě (dual nominative)
rỳdla (nominative plural)
rỳdla (genitive singular)
rỳdlu (dual genitive)
rỳdlъ (genitive plural)
rỳdlu (dative singular)
rỳdloma (dative dual)
rỳdlomъ (dative plural)
rỳdlo (accusative singular)
rỳdlě (accusative dual)
rỳdla (accusative plural)
rỳdlъmь (instrumental singular)
rỳdlomь (instrumental singular)
rỳdloma (dual instrumental)
rỳdlȳ (instrumental plural)
rỳdlě (locative singular)
rỳdlu (dual locative)
rỳdlě̄xъ (locative plural)
rỳdlo (singular vocative)
rỳdlě (dual vocative)
rỳdla (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: рꙑло (rylo)

Belarusian: ры́ла (rýla)

Russian: ры́ло (rýlo)

→ Polish: ryło

Ukrainian: ри́ло (rýlo)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: рꙑло (rylo)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: ри́ло (rílo)

Macedonian: рило (rilo)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ри̏ло

Latin script: rȉlo

Slovene: rílọ

West Slavic:

Czech: rydlo

Kashubian: ridel

Polish: rydel, rydla

Slovak: rydlo

From *ryti (“to dig, root”) + *-dlo.
Compare Latin rutrum (“shovel”), Latvian raûklis.


šidlo

šìdlo (canonical neuter)
a (accent-paradigm)
šìdlo (nominative singular)
šìdlě (dual nominative)
šìdla (nominative plural)
šìdla (genitive singular)
šìdlu (dual genitive)
šìdlъ (genitive plural)
šìdlu (dative singular)
šìdloma (dative dual)
šìdlomъ (dative plural)
šìdlo (accusative singular)
šìdlě (accusative dual)
šìdla (accusative plural)
šìdlъmь (instrumental singular)
šìdlomь (instrumental singular)
šìdloma (dual instrumental)
šìdlȳ (instrumental plural)
šìdlě (locative singular)
šìdlu (dual locative)
šìdlě̄xъ (locative plural)
šìdlo (singular vocative)
šìdlě (dual vocative)
šìdla (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ши́ло (šílo)

Belarusian: шы́ла (šýla)

Russian: ши́ло (šílo)

Ukrainian: ши́ло (šýlo)

desc

Old Novgorodian: *ши́гло (*šíglo), ши́ло (šílo)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: ши́ло (šílo)

Macedonian: шило (šilo)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ши̏ло

Latin script: šȉlo

Slovene: šílo

West Slavic:

Old Czech: šídlo

Czech: šídlo

Bohemian (Chod dialect): šídlo

Polabian: saidlü

Old Polish: szydło

Polish: szydło

Slovak: šidlo

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: šidło

Lower Sorbian: šydło

From *šìti (“to sew”) + *-dlo.
Indo-European cognates include Latin sūbula (“awl”), Old High German siula (“awl, needle”).


bidlo

bìdlo (canonical neuter)
a (accent-paradigm)
bìdlo (nominative singular)
bìdlě (dual nominative)
bìdla (nominative plural)
bìdla (genitive singular)
bìdlu (dual genitive)
bìdlъ (genitive plural)
bìdlu (dative singular)
bìdloma (dative dual)
bìdlomъ (dative plural)
bìdlo (accusative singular)
bìdlě (accusative dual)
bìdla (accusative plural)
bìdlъmь (instrumental singular)
bìdlomь (instrumental singular)
bìdloma (dual instrumental)
bìdlȳ (instrumental plural)
bìdlě (locative singular)
bìdlu (dual locative)
bìdlě̄xъ (locative plural)
bìdlo (singular vocative)
bìdlě (dual vocative)
bìdla (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: било (bilo)

Belarusian: бі́ла (bíla)

Russian: dial. би́ло (bílo)

Ukrainian: би́ло (býlo)

Old Novgorodian: бигло (biglo)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: би́ло (bílo)

Macedonian: било (bilo)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: би̏ло

Latin script: bȉlo

Slovene: bilo

West Slavic:

Czech: bidlo

Old Polish: bidło

Polish: bidło

Slovak: bidlo

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: bidmo

Lower Sorbian: bidło

From *biti (“to beat”) + *-dlo.
Indo-European cognates include Dutch beitel, Middle High German beiʒel, Norwegian dial. beitel, Ancient Greek φιτρός (phitrós).


žьrdlo

žьrdlo (nominative singular)
žьrdlě (dual nominative)
žьrdla (nominative plural)
žьrdla (genitive singular)
žьrdlu (dual genitive)
žьrdlъ (genitive plural)
žьrdlu (dative singular)
žьrdloma (dative dual)
žьrdlomъ (dative plural)
žьrdlo (accusative singular)
žьrdlě (accusative dual)
žьrdla (accusative plural)
žьrdlъmь (instrumental singular)
žьrdlomь (instrumental singular)
žьrdloma (dual instrumental)
žьrdly (instrumental plural)
žьrdlě (locative singular)
žьrdlu (dual locative)
žьrdlěxъ (locative plural)
žьrdlo (singular vocative)
žьrdlě (dual vocative)
žьrdla (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: жьрло (žĭrlo), жерло (žerlo)

Belarusian: жэ́рла (žérla)

Russian: жерло́ (žerló)

Ukrainian: жорло́ (žorló)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ждрло

Latin script: ždrlo

West Slavic:

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: žórło

Ablaut variant of *žerdlo. Equivalent to *žerti + *-dlo.


opyšь

opyšь (nominative singular)
opyša (dual nominative)
opyši (nominative plural)
opyša (genitive singular)
opyšu (dual genitive)
opyšь (genitive plural)
opyšu (dative singular)
opyšema (dative dual)
opyšemъ (dative plural)
opyšь (accusative singular)
opyša (accusative dual)
opyšę̇ (accusative plural)
opyšьmь (instrumental singular)
opyšemь (instrumental singular)
opyšema (dual instrumental)
opyši (instrumental plural)
opyši (locative singular)
opyšu (dual locative)
opyšixъ (locative plural)
opyšu (singular vocative)
opyša (dual vocative)
opyši (plural vocative)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: opyš


gruzъ

gruzъ (nominative singular)
gruza (dual nominative)
gruzi (nominative plural)
gruza (genitive singular)
gruzu (dual genitive)
gruzъ (genitive plural)
gruzu (dative singular)
gruzoma (dative dual)
gruzomъ (dative plural)
gruzъ (accusative singular)
gruza (accusative dual)
gruzy (accusative plural)
gruzъmь (instrumental singular)
gruzomь (instrumental singular)
gruzoma (dual instrumental)
gruzy (instrumental plural)
gruzě (locative singular)
gruzu (dual locative)
gruzěxъ (locative plural)
gruze (singular vocative)
gruza (dual vocative)
gruzi (plural vocative)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: gruz, gruzgòt (“crushed stone, broken bricks”)

Old Polish: gruz (“crushed stone, broken bricks”)

Polish: gruz (“crushed stone, broken stone”), pl. gruzy (“ruins”), dial. grus

→ Kashubian: gruzë, gruzgòtë (“ruins (calque)”)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *grauˀźas. Cognate with Lithuanian gráužas (“gravel, coarse sand”) (dialectally graũžas), Latvian gruži pl (“crushed stone”).


pytati

pȳtàti (canonical)
b (accent-paradigm)
pytanьje (noun-from-verb)
pytati (infinitive)
pytatъ (supine)
pytalъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
pytanъ (participle passive past)
pytajemъ (participle passive present)
pytavъ (active participle past)
pytaję (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
pytaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
pyta (aorist second-person singular)
pyta (aorist singular third-person)
pytajǫ (first-person present singular)
pytaješi (present second-person singular)
pytajetь (present singular third-person)
pytaxově (aorist dual first-person)
pytasta (aorist dual second-person)
pytaste (aorist dual third-person)
pytajevě (dual first-person present)
pytajeta (dual present second-person)
pytajete (dual present third-person)
pytaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
pytaste (aorist plural second-person)
pytašę (aorist plural third-person)
pytajemъ (first-person plural present)
pytajete (plural present second-person)
pytajǫtь (plural present third-person)
pytaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
pytaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
pytaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
pytaji (imperative second-person singular)
pytaji (imperative singular third-person)
pytaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
pytaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
pytaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
pytajivě (dual first-person imperative)
pytajita (dual imperative second-person)
pytaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
pytaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
pytaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
pytajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
pytajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: пꙑтати (pytati)

Belarusian: пыта́ць (pytácʹ)

desc

Russian: пыта́ть (pytátʹ, “to torture, (colloquial) to try”), 1sg. пыта́ю (pytáju)

Ukrainian: пита́ти (pytáty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: пꙑтати (pytati, “to examine”), 1sg. пꙑтаѭ (pytajǫ)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: пи́там (pítam, “to ask”)

Macedonian: пита (pita)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пи́тати (“to ask”)

Latin script: pítati (“to ask”)

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: pítati (“to ask”) (tonal orthography), 1sg. pȋtam (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: ptát

desctree

Old Polish: pytać
Polish: pytać
Silesian: pytać

Slovak: pýtať (“to ask”)

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: pëtac

Slovincian: pëtac

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: pytać

Lower Sorbian: pytaś

From Proto-Indo-European *pew-. Cognate with Latin putāre (“to cut off branches, estimate, consider, think”), Tocharian A putk, as well as (without *-t-) Lithuanian piáuti, Latin paviō, Ancient Greek παίω (paíō), Albanian fus (“insert, put (something) in”).


beržaninъ

beržaninъ (nominative singular)
beržanina (dual nominative)
beržane (nominative plural)
beržaninъ (accusative singular)
beržanina (accusative dual)
beržany (accusative plural)
beržaninа (genitive singular)
beržaninu (dual genitive)
beržanъ (genitive plural)
beržanině (locative singular)
beržaninu (dual locative)
beržanьxъ (locative plural)
beržaninu (dative singular)
beržaninoma (dative dual)
beržanьmъ (dative plural)
beržaninomь (instrumental singular)
beržaninoma (dual instrumental)
beržany (instrumental plural)
beržanine (singular vocative)
beržanina (dual vocative)
beržane (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: бережане pl (berežane)

Ukrainian: Бережане (Berežane, toponym)

desc

Russian: бережа́не pl (berežáne), бережа́на pl (berežána)

⇒ Russian: Бережани (Berežani, toponym)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бре̏жанин (obsolete), Бре̏жанӣн (personal name), Бре̏жа̄ни pl (toponym)

Latin script: brȅžanin (obsolete), Brȅžanīn (personal name), Brȅžāni pl (toponym)

Slovene: brežàn m, brežánka f

West Slavic:

Old Czech: břěžěnín

⇒ Old Czech: Břěžěné, Břěžany (toponyms)

Polish: (dated) brzeżanin

⇒ Polish: Brzeżany (toponym)

→ Czech: břežanin


dikъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *dikъ (hard)

Definite declension of *dikъ (hard)

dikъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
dika (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
diko (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
dika (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
diky (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
dika (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
diku (dative indefinite masculine singular)
dicě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
diku (dative indefinite neuter singular)
dikъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
dikǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
diko (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
dikomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
dikojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
dikomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
dicě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
dicě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
dicě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
diče (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
diko (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
diko (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
dika (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
dicě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
dicě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
diku (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
diku (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
diku (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
dikoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
dikama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
dikoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
dika (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
dicě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
dicě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
dikoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
dikama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
dikoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
diku (dual indefinite locative masculine)
diku (dual feminine indefinite locative)
diku (dual indefinite locative neuter)
dika (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
dicě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
dicě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
dici (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
diky (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
dika (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
dikъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
dikъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
dikъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
dikomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
dikamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
dikomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
diky (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
diky (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
dika (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
diky (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
dikami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
diky (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
dicěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
dikaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
dicěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
dici (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
diky (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
dika (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
dikъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
dikaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
dikoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
dikajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
dikyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
dikajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
dikujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
dicěji (dative definite feminine singular)
dikujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
dikъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
dikǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
dikoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
dikyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
dikǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
dikyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
dicějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
dicěji (definite feminine locative singular)
dicějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
dikъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
dikaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
dikoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
dikaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
dicěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
dicěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
dikuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
dikuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
dikuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
dikyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
dikyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
dikyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
dikaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
dicěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
dicěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
dikyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
dikyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
dikyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
dikuju (definite dual locative masculine)
dikuju (definite dual feminine locative)
dikuju (definite dual locative neuter)
dikaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
dicěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
dicěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
diciji (definite masculine nominative plural)
dikyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
dikaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
dikъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
dikъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
dikъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
dikyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
dikyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
dikyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
dikyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
dikyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
dikaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
dikyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
dikyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
dikyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
dikyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
dikyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
dikyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
diciji (definite masculine plural vocative)
dikyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
dikaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: дикъ (dikŭ)

desc

Old Ruthenian: дикїй (dikij), дикъ (dik)

Belarusian: дзі́кі (dzíki)

Ukrainian: ди́кий (dýkyj)

Russian: ди́кий (díkij)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: dzëwi

Polish: dziki

Slovak: diký

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: dźiki

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰiHkos > Proto-Balto-Slavic *dīkas > Early Slavic *dīkŭ > Late Slavic *dikъ. Cognates with Lithuanian dỹkas (“empty, idle, for free, vacant”), Latvian dīks (“empty, idle, inactive”), Proto-Albanian *dīkā, and possibly Ancient Greek σίκα (síka, “pig”) (Laconian dialect).


dikъ

dikъ (nominative singular)
dika (dual nominative)
dici (nominative plural)
dika (genitive singular)
diku (dual genitive)
dikъ (genitive plural)
diku (dative singular)
dikoma (dative dual)
dikomъ (dative plural)
dikъ (accusative singular)
dika (accusative dual)
diky (accusative plural)
dikъmь (instrumental singular)
dikomь (instrumental singular)
dikoma (dual instrumental)
diky (instrumental plural)
dicě (locative singular)
diku (dual locative)
dicěxъ (locative plural)
diče (singular vocative)
dika (dual vocative)
dici (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *дикъ (*dikŭ)

Old Ruthenian: дикъ (dik)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: dzëk

Polish: dzik


Mojьslavъ

Mojьslàvъ (canonical masculine)
Mojьslavъ (nominative singular)
Mojьslava (dual nominative)
Mojьslavi (nominative plural)
Mojьslava (genitive singular)
Mojьslavu (dual genitive)
Mojьslavъ (genitive plural)
Mojьslavu (dative singular)
Mojьslavomъ (dative plural)
Mojьslavъ (accusative singular)
Mojьslava (accusative dual)
Mojьslavy (accusative plural)
Mojьslavy (instrumental plural)
Mojьslavě (locative singular)
Mojьslavu (dual locative)
Mojьslavěxъ (locative plural)
Mojьslave (singular vocative)
Mojьslava (dual vocative)
Mojьslavi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: Моисла́въ (Moislávŭ)

West Slavic:

Czech: Mojslav

From *mojь (“my”) + *slàva (“glory, fame”).


nerti

nьrtьje (noun-from-verb)
nerti (infinitive)
nertъ (supine)
nьrlъ (l-participle)
nьrtъ (participle passive past)
nьromъ (participle passive present)
nьrъ (active participle past)
nьry (active participle present)
nerxъ (aorist first-person singular)
ner (aorist second-person singular)
ner (aorist singular third-person)
nьrǫ (first-person present singular)
nьreši (present second-person singular)
nьretь (present singular third-person)
nerxově (aorist dual first-person)
nersta (aorist dual second-person)
nerste (aorist dual third-person)
nьrevě (dual first-person present)
nьreta (dual present second-person)
nьrete (dual present third-person)
nerxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
nerste (aorist plural second-person)
neršę (aorist plural third-person)
nьremъ (first-person plural present)
nьrete (plural present second-person)
nьrǫtь (plural present third-person)
nьrěaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
nьrěaše (imperfect second-person singular)
nьrěaše (imperfect singular third-person)
nьri (imperative second-person singular)
nьri (imperative singular third-person)
nьrěaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
nьrěašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
nьrěašete (dual imperfect third-person)
nьrěvě (dual first-person imperative)
nьrěta (dual imperative second-person)
nьrěaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
nьrěašete (imperfect plural second-person)
nьrěaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
nьrěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
nьrěte (imperative plural second-person)

Church Slavonic: нерети (nereti), нрѣти (nrěti) (Russian), нрѣти (nrěti), нреши (nreši)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: нерети (nereti), нрѣти (nrěti)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: нерати, нерити

Latin: nerati, neriti

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *nerˀtei.
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian nérti (“to dive”)


krydlo

krydlo (nominative singular)
krydlě (dual nominative)
krydla (nominative plural)
krydla (genitive singular)
krydlu (dual genitive)
krydlъ (genitive plural)
krydlu (dative singular)
krydloma (dative dual)
krydlomъ (dative plural)
krydlo (accusative singular)
krydlě (accusative dual)
krydla (accusative plural)
krydlъmь (instrumental singular)
krydlomь (instrumental singular)
krydloma (dual instrumental)
krydly (instrumental plural)
krydlě (locative singular)
krydlu (dual locative)
krydlěxъ (locative plural)
krydlo (singular vocative)
krydlě (dual vocative)
krydla (plural vocative)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: křidla

Czech: dial. křidla, škřidła

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: kšydło, kšyło

From *kryti (“to cover, hide”) + *-dlo and + *-dla.


brysati

brysanьje (noun-from-verb)
brysati (infinitive)
brysatъ (supine)
brysalъ (l-participle)
brysanъ (participle passive past)
bryšemъ (participle passive present)
brysavъ (active participle past)
bryšę (active participle present)
brysaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
brysa (aorist second-person singular)
brysa (aorist singular third-person)
bryšǫ (first-person present singular)
bryšeši (present second-person singular)
bryšetь (present singular third-person)
brysaxově (aorist dual first-person)
brysasta (aorist dual second-person)
brysaste (aorist dual third-person)
bryševě (dual first-person present)
bryšeta (dual present second-person)
bryšete (dual present third-person)
brysaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
brysaste (aorist plural second-person)
brysašę (aorist plural third-person)
bryšemъ (first-person plural present)
bryšete (plural present second-person)
bryšǫtь (plural present third-person)
brysaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
brysaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
brysaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
bryši (imperative second-person singular)
bryši (imperative singular third-person)
brysaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
brysaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
brysaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
bryšivě (dual first-person imperative)
bryšita (dual imperative second-person)
brysaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
brysaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
brysaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
bryšimъ (first-person imperative plural)
bryšite (imperative plural second-person)

Church Slavonic: брꙑсати (brysati)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: dial. бри́ша (bríša), бри́шем (bríšem), бриса́тиси (brisátisi)

Macedonian: брише (briše)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бри̏сати, dial. брисат

Latin: brȉsati

Slovene: brísati

West Slavic:

Polabian: bråisĕ (3sg present)


brъsati

brъsanьje (noun-from-verb)
brъsati (infinitive)
brъsatъ (supine)
brъsalъ (l-participle)
brъsanъ (participle passive past)
brъsajemъ (participle passive present)
brъsavъ (active participle past)
brъsaję (active participle present)
brъsaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
brъsa (aorist second-person singular)
brъsa (aorist singular third-person)
brъsajǫ (first-person present singular)
brъsaješi (present second-person singular)
brъsajetь (present singular third-person)
brъsaxově (aorist dual first-person)
brъsasta (aorist dual second-person)
brъsaste (aorist dual third-person)
brъsajevě (dual first-person present)
brъsajeta (dual present second-person)
brъsajete (dual present third-person)
brъsaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
brъsaste (aorist plural second-person)
brъsašę (aorist plural third-person)
brъsajemъ (first-person plural present)
brъsajete (plural present second-person)
brъsajǫtь (plural present third-person)
brъsaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
brъsaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
brъsaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
brъsaji (imperative second-person singular)
brъsaji (imperative singular third-person)
brъsaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
brъsaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
brъsaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
brъsajivě (dual first-person imperative)
brъsajita (dual imperative second-person)
brъsaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
brъsaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
brъsaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
brъsajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
brъsajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: броса́ть (brosátʹ)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: бъ́рша (bǎ́rša)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бр́цати

Latin script: bŕcati

Slovene: bŕsati

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bruśetei, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰruḱ-.


xvoja

xvòja (canonical feminine)
xvoja (nominative singular)
xvoji (dual nominative)
xvoję̇ (nominative plural)
xvoję̇ (genitive singular)
xvoju (dual genitive)
xvojь (genitive plural)
xvoji (dative singular)
xvojama (dative dual)
xvojamъ (dative plural)
xvojǫ (accusative singular)
xvoji (accusative dual)
xvoję̇ (accusative plural)
xvojejǫ (instrumental singular)
xvojǫ (instrumental singular)
xvojama (dual instrumental)
xvojami (instrumental plural)
xvoji (locative singular)
xvoju (dual locative)
xvojasъ (locative plural)
xvojaxъ (locative plural)
xvoje (singular vocative)
xvoji (dual vocative)
xvoję̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old Ruthenian: хво́ꙗ (xvója)
Belarusian: хво́я (xvója)
Ukrainian: хво́я (xvója); фо́я (fója) (dialectal)

Russian: хво́я (xvója); хвоя́ (xvojá, “long moss on the tree; small brushwood”) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: хво́ја (“branch”) (dialectal)

Latin script: hvója (“branch”) (dialectal)

desc

Slovene: hȏja, hvȏja (“spruce; conifer”); hovje (“needles or branches of conifer”) (archaic)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: chvojě (“needles or branches of conifer; conifer”)

Czech: chvoje (“needles or branches of conifer, brushwood”)

Bohemian (Chod dialect): chvůje (“needles or branches of conifer, brushwood”)

Polabian: χ́ǘöja (“pine tree”)

Polish: choja (“conifer, pine or spruce”); chwoja (“conifer, pine”) (archaic)

Old Slovak: chvoj

Slovak: chvoja (“young branches, a bunch of greens”), chvoj

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: khója (“pine tree”) (obsolete)

⇒ Lower Sorbian: chójanka (“young pine tree; spruce”)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *skwajāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *skwoy-eh₂, from *skwey- (“needle, prickle, thorn”).
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian skujà (“needle of a coniferous tree”), dial. skujà (“twig of a pine tree cone, fish-scale”), Latvian skuja (“needle of a fir-tree”).
Indo-European cognates include Old Irish scé (“hawthorn”), Scottish Gaelic sceathan (“thorn bush”), Breton spezad (“gooseberry”), Cornish spedhas f (“briars”), Welsh ysbyddad (“hawthorn”), Pictish *ᚄᚚᚔᚌᚐᚇ (/*spijad/, “thorn”) (from Proto-Celtic *skʷiyats).

cog

needles or branches of a coniferous tree


cěditi

cědìti (canonical imperfective)
c (accent-paradigm)
cěďenьje (noun-from-verb)
cěditi (infinitive)
cěditъ (supine)
cědilъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
cěďenъ (participle passive past)
cědimъ (participle passive present)
cěďь (active participle past)
cědę (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
cědixъ (aorist first-person singular)
cědi (aorist second-person singular)
cědi (aorist singular third-person)
cěďǫ (first-person present singular)
cědiši (present second-person singular)
cěditь (present singular third-person)
cědixově (aorist dual first-person)
cědista (aorist dual second-person)
cědiste (aorist dual third-person)
cědivě (dual first-person present)
cědita (dual present second-person)
cědite (dual present third-person)
cědixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
cědiste (aorist plural second-person)
cědišę (aorist plural third-person)
cědimъ (first-person plural present)
cědite (plural present second-person)
cědętь (plural present third-person)
cěďaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
cěďaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
cěďaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
cědi (imperative second-person singular)
cědi (imperative singular third-person)
cěďaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
cěďaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
cěďaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
cědivě (dual first-person imperative)
cědita (dual imperative second-person)
cěďaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
cěďaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
cěďaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
cědimъ (first-person imperative plural)
cědite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: цѣдити (cěditi)

desc

Belarusian: цадзі́ць (cadzícʹ), цу́дзіць (cúdzicʹ)

Russian: цеди́ть (cedítʹ)

Ukrainian: ціди́ти (cidýty)

Old Novgorodian: кеди́ти (kedíti)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Church Slavonic: цѣдити (cěditi)

Bulgarian: цедя́ (cedjá)

Macedonian: цеди (cedi)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: цедити, циједити

Latin script: cediti, cijediti

Slovene: cedíti

West Slavic:

Old Czech: cěditi

Czech: cedit

Kashubian: cedzëc

Polish: cedzić

Slovak: cediť

Slovincian: cêdzëc

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: cydźić

Lower Sorbian: cejźiś/cejziś

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *skáiˀdīˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *skoyd-éye-ti (“to make separated”), causative from the root *skeyd- (“to split, divide”). Formally cognate with Latvian skaîdît (“to dilute, spill”) and Lithuanian skáidyti (“to separate, divide, distribute”). From a different formation, Lithuanian skíesti (“to separate, dilute”) and šķiêst (“to scatter, spill, cut”).
Indo-European cognates include Proto-Germanic *skītaną (“to defecate, to shit”), Latin scindō, Ancient Greek σχίζω (skhízō, “I split, cleave”), Welsh cwys, Sanskrit छिनत्ति (chinátti).


dojidlo

dojidlo (nominative singular)
dojidlě (dual nominative)
dojidla (nominative plural)
dojidla (genitive singular)
dojidlu (dual genitive)
dojidlъ (genitive plural)
dojidlu (dative singular)
dojidloma (dative dual)
dojidlomъ (dative plural)
dojidlo (accusative singular)
dojidlě (accusative dual)
dojidla (accusative plural)
dojidlъmь (instrumental singular)
dojidlomь (instrumental singular)
dojidloma (dual instrumental)
dojidly (instrumental plural)
dojidlě (locative singular)
dojidlu (dual locative)
dojidlěxъ (locative plural)
dojidlo (singular vocative)
dojidlě (dual vocative)
dojidla (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: до́йла (dójla) (possibly)

Russian: до́йло (dójlo) (possibly)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: доило (doilo)

Slovene: dojílo

West Slavic:

Czech: dojidlo

From *dojiti (“to give milk, milk”) + *-dlo.


brysadlo

brysadlo (nominative singular)
brysadlě (dual nominative)
brysadla (nominative plural)
brysadla (genitive singular)
brysadlu (dual genitive)
brysadlъ (genitive plural)
brysadlu (dative singular)
brysadloma (dative dual)
brysadlomъ (dative plural)
brysadlo (accusative singular)
brysadlě (accusative dual)
brysadla (accusative plural)
brysadlъmь (instrumental singular)
brysadlomь (instrumental singular)
brysadloma (dual instrumental)
brysadly (instrumental plural)
brysadlě (locative singular)
brysadlu (dual locative)
brysadlěxъ (locative plural)
brysadlo (singular vocative)
brysadlě (dual vocative)
brysadla (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: брꙑсало (brysalo, “towel”)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: dial. бриса́лка (brisálka), бриса́лк’а (brisálk’a)

Macedonian: бришалка (brišalka)

Serbo-Croatian:

desc

Cyrillic script: бри̏сало (“rag, wooden knife”)

Latin script: brȉsalo

Slovene: brisálọ (“towel, rag”)


sypati

sỳpati (canonical imperfective)
a (accent-paradigm)
sypanьje (noun-from-verb)
sypati (infinitive)
sypatъ (supine)
sypalъ (l-participle)
a (accent-paradigm)
sypanъ (participle passive past)
sypľemъ (participle passive present)
sypavъ (active participle past)
sypľę (active participle present)
a (accent-paradigm)
sypaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
sypa (aorist second-person singular)
sypa (aorist singular third-person)
sypľǫ (first-person present singular)
sypľeši (present second-person singular)
sypľetь (present singular third-person)
sypaxově (aorist dual first-person)
sypasta (aorist dual second-person)
sypaste (aorist dual third-person)
sypľevě (dual first-person present)
sypľeta (dual present second-person)
sypľete (dual present third-person)
sypaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
sypaste (aorist plural second-person)
sypašę (aorist plural third-person)
sypľemъ (first-person plural present)
sypľete (plural present second-person)
sypľǫtь (plural present third-person)
sypaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
sypaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
sypaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
sypľi (imperative second-person singular)
sypľi (imperative singular third-person)
sypaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
sypaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
sypaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
sypľivě (dual first-person imperative)
sypľita (dual imperative second-person)
sypaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
sypaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
sypaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
sypľimъ (first-person imperative plural)
sypľite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: сꙑпати (sypati)

Belarusian: сыпаць (sypacʹ)

Russian: сы́пать (sýpatʹ)

Ukrainian: си́пати (sýpaty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: сꙑпати (sypati)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱏⰹⱂⰰⱅⰻ (sypati)

Bulgarian: си́пвам (sípvam)

Macedonian: сипе (sipe)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: си̏пати

Latin script: sȉpati

Slovene: sípati

West Slavic:

Old Czech: sypati

Czech: sypat

Old Polish: sypać

Polish: sypać

Kashubian: sëpac

Slovak: sypať

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: sypać

Lower Sorbian: sypaś

Formally reflecting Proto-Balto-Slavic *sū́ˀptei (je-present). Baltic cognates include Lithuanian sū́puoti (“to rock, cradle”), Latvian supata (“protrusion”), Old Prussian suppis.


gъrnidlo

gъrnidlo (nominative singular)
gъrnidlě (dual nominative)
gъrnidla (nominative plural)
gъrnidla (genitive singular)
gъrnidlu (dual genitive)
gъrnidlъ (genitive plural)
gъrnidlu (dative singular)
gъrnidloma (dative dual)
gъrnidlomъ (dative plural)
gъrnidlo (accusative singular)
gъrnidlě (accusative dual)
gъrnidla (accusative plural)
gъrnidlъmь (instrumental singular)
gъrnidlomь (instrumental singular)
gъrnidloma (dual instrumental)
gъrnidly (instrumental plural)
gъrnidlě (locative singular)
gъrnidlu (dual locative)
gъrnidlěxъ (locative plural)
gъrnidlo (singular vocative)
gъrnidlě (dual vocative)
gъrnidla (plural vocative)

Church Slavonic: гърнило (gŭrnilo), горнило (gornilo), горьнило (gorĭnilo), гърниль (gŭrnilĭ), гръниль (grŭnilĭ) (Russian)

East Slavic: гърнило (gŭrnilo), горнило (gornilo), горьнило (gorĭnilo), гърниль (gŭrnilĭ), гръниль (grŭnilĭ)

Russian: горни́ло (gornílo)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: грънилъ (grŭnilŭ), гръниль (grŭnilĭ), грънꙑль (grŭnylĭ)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: горнѝло (gornìlo)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: грнил (obsolete)

Latin: grnil (obsolete)

From *gъrnъ / *gъrno (“furnace, cauldron”) + *-idlo.
Compare Vulgar Latin *furniculum > French fournil, fourneau.


kľučь

kľũčь (canonical masculine)
b (accent-paradigm)
kľũčь (nominative singular)
kľūčà (dual nominative)
kľūčì (nominative plural)
kľūčà (genitive singular)
kľūčù (dual genitive)
kľũčь (genitive plural)
kľūčù (dative singular)
kľūčèma (dative dual)
kľũčemъ (dative plural)
kľũčь (accusative singular)
kľūčà (accusative dual)
kľūčę̇̀ (accusative plural)
kľūčь̀mь (instrumental singular)
kľūčèmь (instrumental singular)
kľūčèma (dual instrumental)
kľũči (instrumental plural)
kľūčì (locative singular)
kľūčù (dual locative)
kľũčixъ (locative plural)
kľuču (singular vocative)
kľūčà (dual vocative)
kľūčì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: ключ (ključ)

Russian: ключ (ključ)

Carpathian Rusyn: ключ (ključ)

Ukrainian: ключ (ključ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: ключь (ključĭ)

Bulgarian: ключ (ključ)

Macedonian: клуч (kluč)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic: кљу̑ч

Latin: kljȗč

Slovene: kljúč (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kľúč

Czech: klíč

Moravian (Mistřice): klúč

Kashubian: klucz

Polabian: kľauc

Old Polish: klucz

Polish: klucz

Slovak: kľúč

Slovincian: klúcz

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: kluč

Lower Sorbian: kluc

→ Albanian: kyç

→ Hungarian: kulcs

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kljaukjas, from Proto-Indo-European *klewk-yo-s, from *kle(h₂)uk-, an extended form of *(s)kleh₂w- (“hook, key, peg”). Equivalent to *kľuti (“to peck, to prickle”) + *-čь. Cognate with Latin clāvis (“key”).


sadlo

sadlo (nominative singular)
sadlě (dual nominative)
sadla (nominative plural)
sadla (genitive singular)
sadlu (dual genitive)
sadlъ (genitive plural)
sadlu (dative singular)
sadloma (dative dual)
sadlomъ (dative plural)
sadlo (accusative singular)
sadlě (accusative dual)
sadla (accusative plural)
sadlъmь (instrumental singular)
sadlomь (instrumental singular)
sadloma (dual instrumental)
sadly (instrumental plural)
sadlě (locative singular)
sadlu (dual locative)
sadlěxъ (locative plural)
sadlo (singular vocative)
sadlě (dual vocative)
sadla (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: са́ло (sálo)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: са́ло (sálo)
Belarusian: са́ла (sála)
Carpathian Rusyn: са́ло (sálo)
Ukrainian: са́ло (sálo)
→ English: salo

Russian: са́ло (sálo)

Old Novgorodian: са́гло (ságlo)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: сало (salo)

Bulgarian: са́ло (sálo)

Macedonian: сало (salo)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: са̏ло

Latin script: sȁlo

Slovene: salo

West Slavic:

Old Czech: sádlo

Czech: sádlo

Kashubian: sadło

Polabian: sodlü

Polish: sadło
→ Old Ruthenian: са́дло (sádlo)
Belarusian: са́дла (sádla)

Slovak: sadlo

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: sadło

Lower Sorbian: sadło

* Ultimately from *sad- + *-lo. For the formation compare:
** *dagljь, *jьzgaga, *žeťi
** *prǫglo, *prǫga, *pręťi
** *vǫzlъ, *vǫza, *vęzati
: (it's not derived from *saditi, in this case form *sadilo/*sadьlo is expected, it's unclear why i/ь would be dropped; and not directly from *sěsti > *sědlo)
* Alternatively from metathesis of earlier *sāldom (cf. *modliti). Cognate with Old Prussian saltan n, Old Irish saill, sall, saillim


dativъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *dativъ (hard)

Definite declension of *dativъ (hard)

dativъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
dativa (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
dativo (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
dativa (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
dativy (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
dativa (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
dativu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
dativě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
dativu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
dativъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
dativǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
dativo (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
dativomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
dativojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
dativomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
dativě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
dativě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
dativě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
dative (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
dativo (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
dativo (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
dativa (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
dativě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
dativě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
dativu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
dativu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
dativu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
dativoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
dativama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
dativoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
dativa (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
dativě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
dativě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
dativoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
dativama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
dativoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
dativu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
dativu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
dativu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
dativa (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
dativě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
dativě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
dativi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
dativy (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
dativa (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
dativъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
dativъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
dativъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
dativomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
dativamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
dativomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
dativy (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
dativy (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
dativa (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
dativy (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
dativami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
dativy (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
dativěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
dativaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
dativěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
dativi (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
dativy (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
dativa (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
dativъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
dativaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
dativoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
dativajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
dativyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
dativajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
dativujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
dativěji (dative definite feminine singular)
dativujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
dativъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
dativǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
dativoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
dativyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
dativǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
dativyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
dativějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
dativěji (definite feminine locative singular)
dativějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
dativъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
dativaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
dativoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
dativaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
dativěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
dativěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
dativuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
dativuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
dativuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
dativyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
dativyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
dativyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
dativaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
dativěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
dativěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
dativyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
dativyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
dativyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
dativuju (definite dual locative masculine)
dativuju (definite dual feminine locative)
dativuju (definite dual locative neuter)
dativaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
dativěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
dativěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
dativiji (definite masculine nominative plural)
dativyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
dativaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
dativъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
dativъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
dativъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
dativyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
dativyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
dativyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
dativyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
dativyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
dativaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
dativyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
dativyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
dativyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
dativyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
dativyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
dativyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
dativiji (definite masculine plural vocative)
dativyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
dativaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

Church Slavonic: дативꙑи (dativyi) (Russian)

From *dati (“to give”) + *-tivъ. Compare Latin dativus (“dative”).


cěvь

cě̑vь (canonical feminine)
c (accent-paradigm)
cě̑vь (nominative singular)
cě̑vi (dual nominative)
cě̑vi (nominative plural)
cěví (genitive singular)
cěvьjù (dual genitive)
cěvь̀jь (genitive plural)
cě̑vi (dative singular)
cěvьmà (dative dual)
cě̑vьmъ (dative plural)
cě̑vь (accusative singular)
cě̑vi (accusative dual)
cě̑vi (accusative plural)
cěvьjǫ́ (instrumental singular)
cěvьmà (dual instrumental)
cěvьmì (instrumental plural)
cěví (locative singular)
cěvьjù (dual locative)
cě̑vьxъ (locative plural)
cěvi (singular vocative)
cě̑vi (dual vocative)
cě̑vi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: цѣвь (cěvĭ)

Russian: кевь (kevʹ)

Old Novgorodian: кѣвь (kěvĭ)

Old Pskovian: кäвь (kävĭ)

→ Finnish: käävi, käämi

→ Estonian: kääv

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic: цѣвь (cěvĭ)

→ Romanian: țeavă

Bulgarian: цев (cev), dial. цяф (cjaf), dial. цаф (caf)

Macedonian: цевка (cevka)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: це̑в, ције̑в, dial. ци̑в

Latin script: cȇv, cijȇv, dial. cȋv

Slovene: cẹ̑v (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: ciev

Czech: cev

Polabian: cev

Old Polish: cew, cyw

Slovak: ciev

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *koi-u-i-, *ḱoi-u-i-, from Proto-Indo-European *koy-w-.


lygura

lygura (nominative singular)
lygurě (dual nominative)
lygury (nominative plural)
lygury (genitive singular)
lyguru (dual genitive)
lygurъ (genitive plural)
lygurě (dative singular)
lygurama (dative dual)
lyguramъ (dative plural)
lygurǫ (accusative singular)
lygurě (accusative dual)
lygury (accusative plural)
lygurojǫ (instrumental singular)
lygurǫ (instrumental singular)
lygurama (dual instrumental)
lygurami (instrumental plural)
lygurě (locative singular)
lyguru (dual locative)
lygurasъ (locative plural)
lyguraxъ (locative plural)
lyguro (singular vocative)
lygurě (dual vocative)
lygury (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: лѝгуре pl

Latin script: lìgure pl

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)lūg- + *-ura (“augmentative suffix”), from *(s)lewǵ- (“скользить”).


dъlgъ

dъ̑lgъ (canonical masculine)
b (accent-paradigm)
dъ̃lgъ (nominative singular)
dъlgà (dual nominative)
dъldzì (nominative plural)
dъlgà (genitive singular)
dъlgù (dual genitive)
dъ̃lgъ (genitive plural)
dъlgù (dative singular)
dъlgòma (dative dual)
dъlgòmъ (dative plural)
dъ̃lgъ (accusative singular)
dъlgà (accusative dual)
dъlgỳ (accusative plural)
dъlgъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
dъlgòmь (instrumental singular)
dъlgòma (dual instrumental)
dъ̃lgy (instrumental plural)
dъldzě̀ (locative singular)
dъlgù (dual locative)
dъ̃ldzěxъ (locative plural)
dъlže (singular vocative)
dъlgà (dual vocative)
dъldzì (plural vocative)
c (accent-paradigm)
dъ̑lgъ (nominative singular)
dъ̑lga (dual nominative)
dъ̑ldzi (nominative plural)
dъ̑lga (genitive singular)
dъlgù (dual genitive)
dъ̃lgъ (genitive plural)
dъ̑lgu (dative singular)
dъlgomà (dative dual)
dъlgòmъ (dative plural)
dъ̑lgъ (accusative singular)
dъ̑lga (accusative dual)
dъ̑lgy (accusative plural)
dъ̑lgъmь (instrumental singular)
dъ̑lgomь (instrumental singular)
dъlgomà (dual instrumental)
dъlgý (instrumental plural)
dъ̑ldzě (locative singular)
dъlgù (dual locative)
dъldzě̃xъ (locative plural)
dъlže (singular vocative)
dъ̑lga (dual vocative)
dъ̑ldzi (plural vocative)
c (accent-paradigm)
dъ̑lgъ (nominative singular)
dъ̑lgy (dual nominative)
dъ̑lgove (nominative plural)
dъ̑lgu (genitive singular)
dъlgovù (dual genitive)
dъlgòvъ (genitive plural)
dъ̑lgovi (dative singular)
dъlgъmà (dative dual)
dъ̑lgъmъ (dative plural)
dъ̑lgъ (accusative singular)
dъ̑lgy (accusative dual)
dъ̑lgy (accusative plural)
dъ̑lgъmь (instrumental singular)
dъlgъmà (dual instrumental)
dъlgъmì (instrumental plural)
dъlgú (locative singular)
dъlgovù (dual locative)
dъ̑lgъxъ (locative plural)
dъlgu (singular vocative)
dъ̑lgy (dual vocative)
dъ̑lgove (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: дългъ (dŭlgŭ), дълъгъ (dŭlŭgŭ), долгъ (dolgŭ)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: довгъ (dovh)
Belarusian: доўг (doŭh)
Carpathian Rusyn: довг (dovh)
Ukrainian: довг (dovh) (dialectal)

desc

Russian: долг (dolg); доло́г (dológ) (dialectal Soyana, Arkhangelsk Oblast)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: длъгъ (dlŭgŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰴⰾⱏⰳⱏ (dlŭgŭ)

Bulgarian: дълг (dǎlg); длъг (dlǎg) (dialectal)

Macedonian: долг (dolg)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ду̑г

Latin script: dȗg

Slovene: dȏłg (tonal orthography)

→ Hungarian: dolog

West Slavic:

Old Czech: dluh

Czech: dluh

→ Old Ruthenian: длухъ (dlux)

Polabian: dåu̯g

Old Polish: dług

Polish: dług

→ Old Ruthenian: длукгъ (dlug), длуґъ (dlug)

Slovak: dlh

Slovincian: dlùg

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: dług

Upper Sorbian: dołh

Related to Gothic 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌲𐍃 (dulgs, “debt”):
* Most Slavists (Vasmer, Trubačev, Snoj) presume a native origin, because of the mobile accent (atypical for Germanic loanwords). Machek proposes a Slavic origin for the Gothic term. Others usually consider a genetic kinship between the two, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰlegʰ-.
* Germanists (Stender-Petersen, favoured by Pronk-Tiethoff) consider it a Gothic loanword, since other financial terminology in early Slavic was mostly of Germanic origin: e.g. Proto-Slavic *myto (“tax”), *lixva (“interest”), *pěnędzь (“coin”), *kupiti (“to purchase”). Lehmann speculates that both Gothic and Slavic terms may be Celtic loanwords.


četvьrtъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *četvьrtъ (hard)

Definite declension of *četvьrtъ (hard)

četvьrtъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
četvьrta (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
četvьrto (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
četvьrta (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
četvьrty (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
četvьrta (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
četvьrtu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
četvьrtě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
četvьrtu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
četvьrtъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
četvьrtǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
četvьrto (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
četvьrtomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
četvьrtojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
četvьrtomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
četvьrtě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
četvьrtě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
četvьrtě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
četvьrte (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
četvьrto (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
četvьrto (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
četvьrta (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
četvьrtě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
četvьrtě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
četvьrtu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
četvьrtu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
četvьrtu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
četvьrtoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
četvьrtama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
četvьrtoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
četvьrta (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
četvьrtě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
četvьrtě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
četvьrtoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
četvьrtama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
četvьrtoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
četvьrtu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
četvьrtu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
četvьrtu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
četvьrta (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
četvьrtě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
četvьrtě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
četvьrti (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
četvьrty (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
četvьrta (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
četvьrtъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
četvьrtъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
četvьrtъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
četvьrtomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
četvьrtamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
četvьrtomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
četvьrty (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
četvьrty (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
četvьrta (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
četvьrty (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
četvьrtami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
četvьrty (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
četvьrtěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
četvьrtaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
četvьrtěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
četvьrti (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
četvьrty (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
četvьrta (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
četvьrtъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
četvьrtaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
četvьrtoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
četvьrtajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
četvьrtyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
četvьrtajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
četvьrtujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
četvьrtěji (dative definite feminine singular)
četvьrtujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
četvьrtъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
četvьrtǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
četvьrtoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
četvьrtyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
četvьrtǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
četvьrtyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
četvьrtějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
četvьrtěji (definite feminine locative singular)
četvьrtějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
četvьrtъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
četvьrtaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
četvьrtoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
četvьrtaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
četvьrtěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
četvьrtěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
četvьrtuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
četvьrtuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
četvьrtuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
četvьrtyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
četvьrtyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
četvьrtyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
četvьrtaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
četvьrtěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
četvьrtěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
četvьrtyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
četvьrtyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
četvьrtyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
četvьrtuju (definite dual locative masculine)
četvьrtuju (definite dual feminine locative)
četvьrtuju (definite dual locative neuter)
četvьrtaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
četvьrtěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
četvьrtěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
četvьrtiji (definite masculine nominative plural)
četvьrtyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
četvьrtaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
četvьrtъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
četvьrtъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
četvьrtъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
četvьrtyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
četvьrtyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
četvьrtyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
četvьrtyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
četvьrtyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
četvьrtaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
četvьrtyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
četvьrtyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
četvьrtyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
četvьrtyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
četvьrtyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
četvьrtyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
četvьrtiji (definite masculine plural vocative)
četvьrtyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
četvьrtaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: четвьртъ (četvĭrtŭ), четврьтъ (četvrĭtŭ), четвертъ (četvertŭ)

Belarusian: чацвёрты (čacvjórty)

Russian: четвёртый (četvjórtyj)

Ukrainian: четве́ртий (četvértyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: четврьтъ (četvrĭtŭ)

Glagolitic: ⱍⰵⱅⰲⱃⱐⱅⱏ (četvrĭtŭ)

Bulgarian: четвъ́рти (četvǎ́rti)

Macedonian: четврт (četvrt)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чѐтвр̑ти̑

Latin script: čètvȓtȋ

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: četŕti, štŕti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: czwiôrti

Old Czech: čtvrtý
Czech: čtvrtý

desctree

Old Polish: cztwarty
Polish: czwarty
Silesian: sztwŏrty

Polabian: citjortĕ

Slovak: štvrtý

Slovincian: czwjorty

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: štwórty

Lower Sorbian: stwórty

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ketwirtas, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwr̥tHos.


bobъ

bòbъ (canonical masculine)
b (accent-paradigm)
bòbъ (nominative singular)
bobà (dual nominative)
bobì (nominative plural)
bobà (genitive singular)
bobù (dual genitive)
bòbъ (genitive plural)
bobù (dative singular)
bobòma (dative dual)
bobòmъ (dative plural)
bòbъ (accusative singular)
bobà (accusative dual)
bobỳ (accusative plural)
bobъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
bobòmь (instrumental singular)
bobòma (dual instrumental)
bòby (instrumental plural)
bobě̀ (locative singular)
bobù (dual locative)
bòběxъ (locative plural)
bobe (singular vocative)
bobà (dual vocative)
bobì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: бобъ (bobŭ)

Old Ruthenian: бобъ (bob)
Belarusian: боб (bob)
Carpathian Rusyn: бӱб (büb)
Ukrainian: біб (bib)

Russian: боб (bob)

Old Novgorodian: бобъ (bobŭ)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: боб (bob)

Macedonian: боб (bob)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бо̏б

Latin script: bȍb

Slovene: bòb

West Slavic:

Czech: bob

Polabian: büb

Old Polish: bób

Polish: bób

Slovak: bôb

Slovincian: bób

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: bob

Upper Sorbian: bob

→ Proto-Finnic: *papu

→ Hungarian: bab

→ Romanian: bob

→ Yiddish: באָב (bob)

From Early Proto-Slavic *bábu. From Proto-Indo-European *bʰabʰ- (“bean”). Cognate with Old Prussian babo, Latin faba, Proto-Germanic *baunō (whence English bean), Albanian bathë, Ancient Greek φακός (phakós, “lentil”).


pěga

pě̀ga (canonical feminine)
a (accent-paradigm)
pě̀ga (nominative singular)
pě̀dzě (dual nominative)
pě̀gy (nominative plural)
pě̀gy (genitive singular)
pě̀gu (dual genitive)
pě̀gъ (genitive plural)
pě̀dzě (dative singular)
pě̀gama (dative dual)
pě̀gamъ (dative plural)
pě̀gǫ (accusative singular)
pě̀dzě (accusative dual)
pě̀gy (accusative plural)
pě̀gojǫ (instrumental singular)
pě̀gǭ (instrumental singular)
pě̀gama (dual instrumental)
pě̀gamī (instrumental plural)
pě̀dzě (locative singular)
pě̀gu (dual locative)
pě̀gasъ (locative plural)
pě̀gaxъ (locative plural)
pě̀go (singular vocative)
pě̀dzě (dual vocative)
pě̀gy (plural vocative)

East Slavic: —

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: пѣготꙑ pl (pěgoty)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: пе́га (péga)

Macedonian: пега (pega)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пе̏га, пје̏га

Latin: pȅga, pjȅga

Slovene: pẹ́ga

West Slavic:

Old Czech: pieha

Czech: piha

Bohemian (Chod dialect): píje

Polish: piega f, pieg m

Slovak: peha

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: piha

Lower Sorbian: pěga

From Proto-Indo-European *poyg-.
Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit पिङ्गल (piṅgala, “reddish brown, reddish yellow, greenish yellow”), Latin pingō (“I paint”).


ničadlo

ničadlo (nominative singular)
ničadlě (dual nominative)
ničadla (nominative plural)
ničadla (genitive singular)
ničadlu (dual genitive)
ničadlъ (genitive plural)
ničadlu (dative singular)
ničadloma (dative dual)
ničadlomъ (dative plural)
ničadlo (accusative singular)
ničadlě (accusative dual)
ničadla (accusative plural)
ničadlъmь (instrumental singular)
ničadlomь (instrumental singular)
ničadloma (dual instrumental)
ničadly (instrumental plural)
ničadlě (locative singular)
ničadlu (dual locative)
ničadlěxъ (locative plural)
ničadlo (singular vocative)
ničadlě (dual vocative)
ničadla (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic:

Russian: ни́чало (níčalo)

South Slavic: —

West Slavic: —


kresidlo

kresidlo (nominative singular)
kresidlě (dual nominative)
kresidla (nominative plural)
kresidla (genitive singular)
kresidlu (dual genitive)
kresidlъ (genitive plural)
kresidlu (dative singular)
kresidloma (dative dual)
kresidlomъ (dative plural)
kresidlo (accusative singular)
kresidlě (accusative dual)
kresidla (accusative plural)
kresidlъmь (instrumental singular)
kresidlomь (instrumental singular)
kresidloma (dual instrumental)
kresidly (instrumental plural)
kresidlě (locative singular)
kresidlu (dual locative)
kresidlěxъ (locative plural)
kresidlo (singular vocative)
kresidlě (dual vocative)
kresidla (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic:

desc

Ukrainian: кре́сило (krésylo), кре́сіло (krésilo)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кре̏сило

Latin script: krȅsilo

Slovene: kresílo

West Slavic:

Czech: křesidlo

Polish: krzesidło, dial. krzesi̊dło

Slovak: kresidlo

From *kresiti (“to strike fire”) + *-dlo (“instrumental suffix”).


xovati

xovovati (perfective)
xovanьje (noun-from-verb)
xovati (infinitive)
xovatъ (supine)
xovalъ (l-participle)
xovanъ (participle passive past)
xovajemъ (participle passive present)
xovavъ (active participle past)
xovaję (active participle present)
xovaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
xova (aorist second-person singular)
xova (aorist singular third-person)
xovajǫ (first-person present singular)
xovaješi (present second-person singular)
xovajetь (present singular third-person)
xovaxově (aorist dual first-person)
xovasta (aorist dual second-person)
xovaste (aorist dual third-person)
xovajevě (dual first-person present)
xovajeta (dual present second-person)
xovajete (dual present third-person)
xovaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
xovaste (aorist plural second-person)
xovašę (aorist plural third-person)
xovajemъ (first-person plural present)
xovajete (plural present second-person)
xovajǫtь (plural present third-person)
xovaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
xovaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
xovaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
xovaji (imperative second-person singular)
xovaji (imperative singular third-person)
xovaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
xovaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
xovaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
xovajivě (dual first-person imperative)
xovajita (dual imperative second-person)
xovaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
xovaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
xovaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
xovajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
xovajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ховати (xovati)

desc

Belarusian: хова́ць (xovácʹ), хава́ць (xavácʹ)

Russian: хова́ть (xovátʹ), хува́ть (xuvátʹ)

Old Ukrainian: ховати (xovati), ховать (xovatĭ)

Ukrainian: хова́ти (xováty)

South Slavic:

Old Croatian: hovati

West Slavic:

Old Czech: chovati

Czech: chovat

Old Polish: chować

Polish: chować

Silesian: chować

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: chòwac

Slovak: chovať, chovať sa

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: khować

Lower Sorbian: chowaś

From an earlier *skovati, (per Berneker, Brückner) most likely from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewh₁- (“to heed, to perceive”) via semantic shift to observe → to overwatch, guard → to take care. Similar development as in Proto-Slavic *čuvati (“to hear”) > Macedonian чува (čuva, “to preserve”), dial. Bulgarian чу́вам (čúvam, “to overwatch, to tend”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *skawwōną (“to look”) and related to Ancient Greek θυο-σκόος (thuo-skóos, “priest”, literally “watching the victim”). Without initial s-: Ancient Greek κοέω (koéō, “to notice, note, remark”), Latin cavēre (“to guard, abide by, (be)ware, watch out”), Sanskrit कवि (kavi, “overseer, shepherd”).
Alternatively, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewH- (“to cover”) with semantic development to cover → to hide, to shield → to take care of.

der

to take care, to heed, to tend → to raise, to upbring

to hide, to shield (in order to protect)


pьpьrь

pьpь̀rь (canonical masculine)
b (accent-paradigm)
pьpь̀rь (nominative singular)
pьpьrì (dual nominative)
pьpь̀rьjē (nominative plural)
pьpь̀řē (nominative plural)
pьpь̀ri (genitive singular)
pьpь̀rьju (dual genitive)
pьpьřu (dual genitive)
pьpьrь̀jь (genitive plural)
pьpь̀ri (genitive plural)
pьpьrì (dative singular)
pьpь̀rьma (dative dual)
pьpьrь̀mъ (dative plural)
pьpь̀rь (accusative singular)
pьpьrì (accusative dual)
pьpьrì (accusative plural)
pьpьrь̀mь (instrumental singular)
pьpь̀rьma (dual instrumental)
pьpь̀rьmī (instrumental plural)
pьpь̀ri (locative singular)
pьpь̀rьju (dual locative)
pьpьřu (dual locative)
pьpьrь̀xъ (locative plural)
pьpьri (singular vocative)
pьpьrì (dual vocative)
pьpь̀rьjē (plural vocative)
pьpь̀řē (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: пьпьрь (pĭpĭrĭ)

⇒ Old East Slavic: пьпьрьць (pĭpĭrĭcĭ)

desc

Old Ruthenian: пе́рець (pérecʹ), пе́рецъ (pérecʹ)

Belarusian: пе́рац (pjérac)

Ukrainian: пе́рець (pérecʹ)

desctree

Russian: пе́рец (pérec), пе́рецъ (pérec) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Ingrian: pertsu
→ Kildin Sami: пе̄рэц (pierec)
→ Yakut: биэрэс (bieres)

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic: пьпьрь (pĭpĭrĭ) (Serbian)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: па̀пар

Latin script: pàpar

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: pópər, pŕpǝr, péper (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: pepř

Polabian: paṕår

desctree

Old Polish: pieprz
Polish: pieprz (noun)

Slovak: piepor

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: popjeŕ

Lower Sorbian: peṕeŕ, per

Borrowed from Latin piper (“pepper”), from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi), from a dialectal variant of Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”).


kresadlo

kresadlo (nominative singular)
kresadlě (dual nominative)
kresadla (nominative plural)
kresadla (genitive singular)
kresadlu (dual genitive)
kresadlъ (genitive plural)
kresadlu (dative singular)
kresadloma (dative dual)
kresadlomъ (dative plural)
kresadlo (accusative singular)
kresadlě (accusative dual)
kresadla (accusative plural)
kresadlъmь (instrumental singular)
kresadlomь (instrumental singular)
kresadloma (dual instrumental)
kresadly (instrumental plural)
kresadlě (locative singular)
kresadlu (dual locative)
kresadlěxъ (locative plural)
kresadlo (singular vocative)
kresadlě (dual vocative)
kresadla (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic:

desc

Belarusian: краса́ла (krasála), крэ́сало (krésalo)

Russian: креса́ло (kresálo), крыса́ло (krysálo)

Ukrainian: креса́ло (kresálo)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кре̏сало

Latin script: krȅsalo

Slovene: kresálo

West Slavic:

Czech: křesadlo

Slovak: kresadlo

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: křesadło

Lower Sorbian: kśasałko

From *kresati (“to strike fire”) + *-dlo (“instrumental suffix”).


čudlo

čudlo (nominative singular)
čudlě (dual nominative)
čudla (nominative plural)
čudla (genitive singular)
čudlu (dual genitive)
čudlъ (genitive plural)
čudlu (dative singular)
čudloma (dative dual)
čudlomъ (dative plural)
čudlo (accusative singular)
čudlě (accusative dual)
čudla (accusative plural)
čudlъmь (instrumental singular)
čudlomь (instrumental singular)
čudloma (dual instrumental)
čudly (instrumental plural)
čudlě (locative singular)
čudlu (dual locative)
čudlěxъ (locative plural)
čudlo (singular vocative)
čudlě (dual vocative)
čudla (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic:

Russian: чуло (čulo, “sense organ”)

South Slavic:

desc

Macedonian: чуло (čulo, “feeling”), чула pl (čula, “sense organs”)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чу̏ло

Latin script: čȕlo

Slovene: čúlo (“hearing”)

West Slavic:

Czech: čídlo (“sense organ (of sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch)”)

Slovak: čudlo (“touch, nerve ending”)

From *čuti (“to sense, feel, notice”) + *-dlo.


čьvorъ

Slavic (South)
čьvorъ (nominative singular)
čьvora (dual nominative)
čьvori (nominative plural)
čьvora (genitive singular)
čьvoru (dual genitive)
čьvorъ (genitive plural)
čьvoru (dative singular)
čьvoroma (dative dual)
čьvoromъ (dative plural)
čьvorъ (accusative singular)
čьvora (accusative dual)
čьvory (accusative plural)
čьvorъmь (instrumental singular)
čьvoromь (instrumental singular)
čьvoroma (dual instrumental)
čьvory (instrumental plural)
čьvorě (locative singular)
čьvoru (dual locative)
čьvorěxъ (locative plural)
čьvore (singular vocative)
čьvora (dual vocative)
čьvori (plural vocative)

East Slavic: —

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: чвор (čvor, “bough; knot”)

desc

Macedonian: чвор (čvor, “small bough, bough; knot”)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чво̑р (“knot; bough”)

Latin script: čvȏr

Slovene: čvòr (“bough; knot (in wood)”)

West Slavic: —

From Proto-Indo-European *kew- / *kow- / *ku- + *-orъ.
Compare Bulgarian чекор (čekor, “bough”), Serbo-Croatian кос-ор (“cultri genus”), Proto-Slavic *stob-orъ, *gov-orъ (“talk”).


stružiti

struženьje (noun-from-verb)
stružiti (infinitive)
stružitъ (supine)
stružilъ (l-participle)
struženъ (participle passive past)
stružimъ (participle passive present)
stružь (active participle past)
stružę (active participle present)
stružixъ (aorist first-person singular)
struži (aorist second-person singular)
struži (aorist singular third-person)
stružǫ (first-person present singular)
stružiši (present second-person singular)
stružitь (present singular third-person)
stružixově (aorist dual first-person)
stružista (aorist dual second-person)
stružiste (aorist dual third-person)
struživě (dual first-person present)
stružita (dual present second-person)
stružite (dual present third-person)
stružixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
stružiste (aorist plural second-person)
stružišę (aorist plural third-person)
stružimъ (first-person plural present)
stružite (plural present second-person)
stružętь (plural present third-person)
stružaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
stružaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
stružaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
struži (imperative second-person singular)
struži (imperative singular third-person)
stružaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
stružaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
stružaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
struživě (dual first-person imperative)
stružita (dual imperative second-person)
stružaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
stružaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
stružaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
stružimъ (first-person imperative plural)
stružite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic:

Russian: стружи́ть (stružítʹ)

South Slavic: —

West Slavic: —


strъgati

strъganьje (noun-from-verb)
strъgati (infinitive)
strъgatъ (supine)
strъgalъ (l-participle)
strъganъ (participle passive past)
strъgajemъ (participle passive present)
strъgavъ (active participle past)
strъgaję (active participle present)
strъgaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
strъga (aorist second-person singular)
strъga (aorist singular third-person)
strъgajǫ (first-person present singular)
strъgaješi (present second-person singular)
strъgajetь (present singular third-person)
strъgaxově (aorist dual first-person)
strъgasta (aorist dual second-person)
strъgaste (aorist dual third-person)
strъgajevě (dual first-person present)
strъgajeta (dual present second-person)
strъgajete (dual present third-person)
strъgaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
strъgaste (aorist plural second-person)
strъgašę (aorist plural third-person)
strъgajemъ (first-person plural present)
strъgajete (plural present second-person)
strъgajǫtь (plural present third-person)
strъgaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
strъgaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
strъgaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
strъgaji (imperative second-person singular)
strъgaji (imperative singular third-person)
strъgaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
strъgaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
strъgaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
strъgajivě (dual first-person imperative)
strъgajita (dual imperative second-person)
strъgaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
strъgaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
strъgaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
strъgajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
strъgajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: стръгати (strŭgati)

Russian: строга́ть (strogátʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: стръгати (strŭgati)

Glagolitic: ⱄⱅⱃⱏⰳⰰⱅⰹ (strŭgati)

Bulgarian: стъ̀ржа (stǎ̀rža), стръжа́ (strǎžá) (dialectal)

l/sl-tonal

Slovene: stŕgati (tonal orthography), 1st. sg. stȓgam, stŕgam, stȓžem, stŕžem (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: sestrhal

Baltic cognates include Lithuanian strũgaîns.
Indo-European cognates include Proto-Germanic *streukaną, Ancient Greek στρεύγομαι (streúgomai), East Frisian strôk.


metadlo

metadlo (nominative singular)
metadlě (dual nominative)
metadla (nominative plural)
metadla (genitive singular)
metadlu (dual genitive)
metadlъ (genitive plural)
metadlu (dative singular)
metadloma (dative dual)
metadlomъ (dative plural)
metadlo (accusative singular)
metadlě (accusative dual)
metadla (accusative plural)
metadlъmь (instrumental singular)
metadlomь (instrumental singular)
metadloma (dual instrumental)
metadly (instrumental plural)
metadlě (locative singular)
metadlu (dual locative)
metadlěxъ (locative plural)
metadlo (singular vocative)
metadlě (dual vocative)
metadla (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic:

desc

Russian: метало (metalo), метала m (metala)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: мета́ло (metálo) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: мѐтало

Latin script: mètalo

Slovene: metálo

West Slavic:

Czech: metadlo

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: mjetadła


gъslo

gъslo (nominative singular)
gъslě (dual nominative)
gъsla (nominative plural)
gъsla (genitive singular)
gъslu (dual genitive)
gъslъ (genitive plural)
gъslu (dative singular)
gъsloma (dative dual)
gъslomъ (dative plural)
gъslo (accusative singular)
gъslě (accusative dual)
gъsla (accusative plural)
gъslъmь (instrumental singular)
gъslomь (instrumental singular)
gъsloma (dual instrumental)
gъsly (instrumental plural)
gъslě (locative singular)
gъslu (dual locative)
gъslěxъ (locative plural)
gъslo (singular vocative)
gъslě (dual vocative)
gъsla (plural vocative)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: heslo

Czech: heslo

→ Serbo-Croatian: gȅslo

→ Slovene: géslo

→ Polish: hasło

→ Kashubian: hasło (non-standard)

→ Belarusian: га́сло (háslo)

→ Ukrainian: га́сло (háslo)

→ Slovak: heslo

Kashubian: gsło, gesło (both archaic)


sidlo

sīdlò (canonical neuter)
b (accent-paradigm)
sīdlò (nominative singular)
sĩdlě (dual nominative)
sīdlà (nominative plural)
sīdlà (genitive singular)
sīdlù (dual genitive)
sĩdlъ (genitive plural)
sīdlù (dative singular)
sīdlòma (dative dual)
sīdlòmъ (dative plural)
sīdlò (accusative singular)
sĩdlě (accusative dual)
sīdlà (accusative plural)
sīdlъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
sīdlòmь (instrumental singular)
sīdlòma (dual instrumental)
sĩdly (instrumental plural)
sīdlě̀ (locative singular)
sīdlù (dual locative)
sĩdlěxъ (locative plural)
sīdlò (singular vocative)
sĩdlě (dual vocative)
sīdlà (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: сило (silo)

Belarusian: сіло́ (siló)

Russian: си́ло́ (síló)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: сило (silo)

Glagolitic: ⱄⰹⰾⱁ (silo)

West Slavic:

⇒ Czech: osidlo

Polish: sidło

⇒ Slovak: osídlo

From Proto-Indo-European *sh₂i-dʰlóm. Equivalent to *si- + *-dlo, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁y-, *sh₂ey-.
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian ātsailė (“cross-bar between beam and axle”), Latvian saiklis (“string, band”).
Indo-European cognates include Old High German seil (“rope, snare, fetter”), seid, silo, Gothic 𐌹𐌽𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (insailjan), Old Norse seil, Sanskrit सिनाति (sināti, “to bind, tie”).


lopurъ

lopurъ (nominative singular)
lopura (dual nominative)
lopuri (nominative plural)
lopura (genitive singular)
lopuru (dual genitive)
lopurъ (genitive plural)
lopuru (dative singular)
lopuroma (dative dual)
lopuromъ (dative plural)
lopurъ (accusative singular)
lopura (accusative dual)
lopury (accusative plural)
lopurъmь (instrumental singular)
lopuromь (instrumental singular)
lopuroma (dual instrumental)
lopury (instrumental plural)
lopurě (locative singular)
lopuru (dual locative)
lopurěxъ (locative plural)
lopure (singular vocative)
lopura (dual vocative)
lopuri (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: ло́пур (lópur)

Macedonian: лопур (lopur)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ло̏пӯр

Latin script: lȍpūr

a large-leaved plant from the Senecioneae tribe in the Asteraceae, likely Petasites, butterbur


brusidlo

brusidlo (nominative singular)
brusidlě (dual nominative)
brusidla (nominative plural)
brusidla (genitive singular)
brusidlu (dual genitive)
brusidlъ (genitive plural)
brusidlu (dative singular)
brusidloma (dative dual)
brusidlomъ (dative plural)
brusidlo (accusative singular)
brusidlě (accusative dual)
brusidla (accusative plural)
brusidlъmь (instrumental singular)
brusidlomь (instrumental singular)
brusidloma (dual instrumental)
brusidly (instrumental plural)
brusidlě (locative singular)
brusidlu (dual locative)
brusidlěxъ (locative plural)
brusidlo (singular vocative)
brusidlě (dual vocative)
brusidla (plural vocative)

East Slavic: —

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бру̀сило

Latin script: brùsilo

Slovene: brusílo

West Slavic:

Czech: brusidlo

From *brusiti + *-dlo (“instrumental suffix”).


cěglъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *cěglъ (hard)

Definite declension of *cěglъ (hard)

cěglъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
cěgla (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
cěglo (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
cěgla (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
cěgly (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
cěgla (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
cěglu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
cěglě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
cěglu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
cěglъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
cěglǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
cěglo (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
cěglomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
cěglojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
cěglomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
cěglě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
cěglě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
cěglě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
cěgle (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
cěglo (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
cěglo (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
cěgla (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
cěglě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
cěglě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
cěglu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
cěglu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
cěglu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
cěgloma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
cěglama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
cěgloma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
cěgla (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
cěglě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
cěglě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
cěgloma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
cěglama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
cěgloma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
cěglu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
cěglu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
cěglu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
cěgla (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
cěglě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
cěglě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
cěgli (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
cěgly (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
cěgla (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
cěglъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
cěglъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
cěglъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
cěglomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
cěglamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
cěglomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
cěgly (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
cěgly (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
cěgla (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
cěgly (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
cěglami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
cěgly (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
cěglěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
cěglaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
cěglěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
cěgli (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
cěgly (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
cěgla (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
cěglъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
cěglaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
cěgloje (definite neuter nominative singular)
cěglajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
cěglyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
cěglajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
cěglujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
cěglěji (dative definite feminine singular)
cěglujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
cěglъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
cěglǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
cěgloje (accusative definite neuter singular)
cěglyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
cěglǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
cěglyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
cěglějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
cěglěji (definite feminine locative singular)
cěglějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
cěglъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
cěglaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
cěgloje (definite neuter singular vocative)
cěglaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
cěglěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
cěglěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
cěgluju (definite dual genitive masculine)
cěgluju (definite dual feminine genitive)
cěgluju (definite dual genitive neuter)
cěglyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
cěglyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
cěglyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
cěglaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
cěglěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
cěglěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
cěglyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
cěglyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
cěglyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
cěgluju (definite dual locative masculine)
cěgluju (definite dual feminine locative)
cěgluju (definite dual locative neuter)
cěglaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
cěglěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
cěglěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
cěgliji (definite masculine nominative plural)
cěglyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
cěglaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
cěglъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
cěglъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
cěglъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
cěglyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
cěglyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
cěglyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
cěglyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
cěglyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
cěglaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
cěglyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
cěglyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
cěglyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
cěglyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
cěglyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
cěglyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
cěgliji (definite masculine plural vocative)
cěglyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
cěglaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

Church Slavonic: цѣглъ (cěglŭ)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: чеглꙑи (čeglyi), чеклꙑи (čeklyi)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ци̏гли̑

Latin script: cȉglȋ

West Slavic: —

From Proto-Indo-European *kay- + *-glъ.
Compare Gothic 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰-𐌺𐌻-𐍃 (aina-kl-s), Latin sin-gul-us; Sanskrit केवल (kevala) (< *kaywelo-), Latin caelebs.


uslo

ūslò (canonical neuter)
b (accent-paradigm)
ūslò (nominative singular)
ũslě (dual nominative)
ūslà (nominative plural)
ūslà (genitive singular)
ūslù (dual genitive)
ũslъ (genitive plural)
ūslù (dative singular)
ūslòma (dative dual)
ūslòmъ (dative plural)
ūslò (accusative singular)
ũslě (accusative dual)
ūslà (accusative plural)
ūslъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
ūslòmь (instrumental singular)
ūslòma (dual instrumental)
ũsly (instrumental plural)
ūslě̀ (locative singular)
ūslù (dual locative)
ũslěxъ (locative plural)
ūslò (singular vocative)
ũslě (dual vocative)
ūslà (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *усло (*uslo)

Russian: усло́ (usló)

* Derksen: from *ud- + *-tlo.
* Vasmer: from *ud- + *-slo.
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian áudžiu, áudžiau, áusti (“to weave”), Latvian aûst, aûžu.
Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit वयति (vayati, “to weave”), Old Armenian զ-աւդեմ (z-awdem, “bind, tie”).


žerbьjь

žerbьjь (nominative singular)
žerbьja (dual nominative)
žerbьji (nominative plural)
žerbьja (genitive singular)
žerbьju (dual genitive)
žerbьjь (genitive plural)
žerbьju (dative singular)
žerbьjema (dative dual)
žerbьjemъ (dative plural)
žerbьjь (accusative singular)
žerbьja (accusative dual)
žerbьję̇ (accusative plural)
žerbьjьmь (instrumental singular)
žerbьjemь (instrumental singular)
žerbьjema (dual instrumental)
žerbьji (instrumental plural)
žerbьji (locative singular)
žerbьju (dual locative)
žerbьjixъ (locative plural)
žerbьju (singular vocative)
žerbьja (dual vocative)
žerbьji (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: жеребии (žerebii), жеребеи (žerebei)

Belarusian: жэ́рабя (žérabja)

Russian: же́ребей (žérebej)

Old Novgorodian: жеребьи (žerebĭi)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: жрѣбии (žrěbii), ждрѣбии (ždrěbii)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

West Slavic:

Old Czech: hřěbí

Old Polish: źreb
Polish: źreb


žerbъ

žerbъ (nominative singular)
žerba (dual nominative)
žerbi (nominative plural)
žerba (genitive singular)
žerbu (dual genitive)
žerbъ (genitive plural)
žerbu (dative singular)
žerboma (dative dual)
žerbomъ (dative plural)
žerbъ (accusative singular)
žerba (accusative dual)
žerby (accusative plural)
žerbъmь (instrumental singular)
žerbomь (instrumental singular)
žerboma (dual instrumental)
žerby (instrumental plural)
žerbě (locative singular)
žerbu (dual locative)
žerběxъ (locative plural)
žerbe (singular vocative)
žerba (dual vocative)
žerbi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: жэ́раб (žérab)

Ukrainian: же́реб (žéreb)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: жрѣбъ (žrěbŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰶⱃⱑⰱⱏ (žrěbŭ)

Macedonian: ждреб (ždreb)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: жре̑б, жри̏јеб

Latin: žrȇb, žrȉjeb

Slovene: žrȇb (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: hřěb

Czech: hřeb

Old Polish: źrzeb

Slovak: žreb

From Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ- (“to scratch, cut out, incise”).
Baltic cognates include Old Prussian Asg. gīrbin (“number”).
Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek γράφω (gráphō, “I carve, write”) (< *gr̥bʰoh₂), Proto-Germanic *kerbaną.


poľaninъ

sla-decl-noun-table

Declension of *poľaninъ (hard o-stem, consonant stem)

poľaninъ (nominative singular)
poľanina (dual nominative)
poľane (nominative plural)
poľaninъ (accusative singular)
poľanina (accusative dual)
poľany? (accusative plural)
poľaninа (genitive singular)
poľaninu (dual genitive)
poľanъ (genitive plural)
poľanině (locative singular)
poľaninu (dual locative)
poľanьxъ (locative plural)
poľaninu (dative singular)
poľaninoma (dative dual)
poľanьmъ (dative plural)
poľaninomь (instrumental singular)
poľaninoma (dual instrumental)
poľany? (instrumental plural)
poľanine (singular vocative)
poľanina (dual vocative)
poľane (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: полꙗнинъ (poljaninŭ), полꙗне pl (poljane)

Belarusian: паля́не pl (paljánje)

Russian: поля́нин (poljánin), поля́не pl (poljáne)

Ukrainian: поля́ни pl (poljány)

West Slavic:

Old Polish: Polanín

Polish: Polanin, Polanie pl

→ Middle High German: Polen pl

German: Polen n

⇒ German: Pole

→ English: Pole


potъ

pȍtъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
pȍtъ (nominative singular)
pȍta (dual nominative)
pȍti (nominative plural)
pȍta (genitive singular)
potù (dual genitive)
pòtъ (genitive plural)
pȍtu (dative singular)
potomà (dative dual)
potòmъ (dative plural)
pȍtъ (accusative singular)
pȍta (accusative dual)
pȍty (accusative plural)
pȍtъmь (instrumental singular)
pȍtomь (instrumental singular)
potomà (dual instrumental)
potý (instrumental plural)
pȍtě (locative singular)
potù (dual locative)
potě̃xъ (locative plural)
pote (singular vocative)
pȍta (dual vocative)
pȍti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: потъ (potŭ)

Belarusian: пот (pot)

Russian: пот (pot)

Ukrainian: піт (pit)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: потъ (potŭ)

Glagolitic: ⱂⱁⱅⱏ (potŭ)

Bulgarian: пот (pot)

Macedonian: пот (pot)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: по̑т

Latin script: pȏt

Slovene: pọ̑t (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: pot

Czech: pot

Kashubian: pòt

Polish: pot

Slovak: pot

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: pót

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *paktas, from Proto-Indo-European *pokʷtós, from *pekʷ- + *-tós. Equivalently from *peťi (“to bake”) + *-tъ.