krušiti

krušenьje (noun-from-verb)
krušiti (infinitive)
krušitъ (supine)
krušilъ (l-participle)
krušenъ (participle passive past)
krušimъ (participle passive present)
krušь (active participle past)
krušę (active participle present)
krušixъ (aorist first-person singular)
kruši (aorist second-person singular)
kruši (aorist singular third-person)
krušǫ (first-person present singular)
krušiši (present second-person singular)
krušitь (present singular third-person)
krušixově (aorist dual first-person)
krušista (aorist dual second-person)
krušiste (aorist dual third-person)
krušivě (dual first-person present)
krušita (dual present second-person)
krušite (dual present third-person)
krušixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
krušiste (aorist plural second-person)
krušišę (aorist plural third-person)
krušimъ (first-person plural present)
krušite (plural present second-person)
krušętь (plural present third-person)
krušaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
krušaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
krušaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
kruši (imperative second-person singular)
kruši (imperative singular third-person)
krušaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
krušaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
krušaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
krušivě (dual first-person imperative)
krušita (dual imperative second-person)
krušaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
krušaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
krušaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
krušimъ (first-person imperative plural)
krušite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic

Russian: круши́ть (krušítʹ)

Ukrainian: круши́ти (krušýty)

South Slavic

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кру́шити

Latin script: krúšiti

Slovene: krúšiti

West Slavic

Czech: krušit

Polish: kruszyć

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: krušić

From *sъkrušiti

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: съкрушити (sŭkrušiti)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱏⰽⱃⱆⱎⰻⱅⰻ (sŭkrušiti)

Bulgarian: съкруша̀вам (sǎkrušàvam)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kraušī́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *krows-. Akin to Latvian krausēt and Lithuanian kraušyti.


noriti

nořenьje (noun-from-verb)
noriti (infinitive)
noritъ (supine)
norilъ (l-participle)
nořenъ (participle passive past)
norimъ (participle passive present)
nořь (active participle past)
norę (active participle present)
norixъ (aorist first-person singular)
nori (aorist second-person singular)
nori (aorist singular third-person)
nořǫ (first-person present singular)
noriši (present second-person singular)
noritь (present singular third-person)
norixově (aorist dual first-person)
norista (aorist dual second-person)
noriste (aorist dual third-person)
norivě (dual first-person present)
norita (dual present second-person)
norite (dual present third-person)
norixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
noriste (aorist plural second-person)
norišę (aorist plural third-person)
norimъ (first-person plural present)
norite (plural present second-person)
norętь (plural present third-person)
nořaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
nořaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
nořaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
nori (imperative second-person singular)
nori (imperative singular third-person)
nořaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
nořaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
nořaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
norivě (dual first-person imperative)
norita (dual imperative second-person)
nořaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
nořaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
nořaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
norimъ (first-person imperative plural)
norite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic

desc

>? Russian: нори́ться (norítʹsja, “to burrow”)

>? Ukrainian: нори́ти (norýty, “to burrow”)

West Slavic

Czech: nořit

Slovak: noriť

(transitive) to immerse, to plunge, to submerge


dьržava

dьržava (nominative singular)
dьržavě (dual nominative)
dьržavy (nominative plural)
dьržavy (genitive singular)
dьržavu (dual genitive)
dьržavъ (genitive plural)
dьržavě (dative singular)
dьržavama (dative dual)
dьržavamъ (dative plural)
dьržavǫ (accusative singular)
dьržavě (accusative dual)
dьržavy (accusative plural)
dьržavojǫ (instrumental singular)
dьržavǫ (instrumental singular)
dьržavama (dual instrumental)
dьržavami (instrumental plural)
dьržavě (locative singular)
dьržavu (dual locative)
dьržavasъ (locative plural)
dьržavaxъ (locative plural)
dьržavo (singular vocative)
dьržavě (dual vocative)
dьržavy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: дзяржа́ва (dzjaržáva)

Russian: держа́ва (deržáva)

Ukrainian: держа́ва (deržáva)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: дръжава (drŭžava)

Bulgarian: държава (dǎržava)

Macedonian: држава (država)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: држава

Latin script: država

Slovene: država

West Slavic:

Czech: država (“dependency”)

Polish: dzierżawa (“lease”)

Slovak: dŕžava (“dependency”) (archaic)


krъšiti

krъšenьje (noun-from-verb)
krъšiti (infinitive)
krъšitъ (supine)
krъšilъ (l-participle)
krъšenъ (participle passive past)
krъšimъ (participle passive present)
krъšь (active participle past)
krъšę (active participle present)
krъšixъ (aorist first-person singular)
krъši (aorist second-person singular)
krъši (aorist singular third-person)
krъšǫ (first-person present singular)
krъšiši (present second-person singular)
krъšitь (present singular third-person)
krъšixově (aorist dual first-person)
krъšista (aorist dual second-person)
krъšiste (aorist dual third-person)
krъšivě (dual first-person present)
krъšita (dual present second-person)
krъšite (dual present third-person)
krъšixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
krъšiste (aorist plural second-person)
krъšišę (aorist plural third-person)
krъšimъ (first-person plural present)
krъšite (plural present second-person)
krъšętь (plural present third-person)
krъšaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
krъšaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
krъšaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
krъši (imperative second-person singular)
krъši (imperative singular third-person)
krъšaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
krъšaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
krъšaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
krъšivě (dual first-person imperative)
krъšita (dual imperative second-person)
krъšaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
krъšaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
krъšaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
krъšimъ (first-person imperative plural)
krъšite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic

Russian: кроши́ть (krošítʹ)

Ukrainian: криши́ти (kryšýty)

South Slavic

Old Church Slavonic: кръшити (krŭšiti)

Bulgarian: къ̀рша (kǎ̀rša)

Macedonian: крши (krši)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кр̀шити

Latin script: kr̀šiti

Slovene: kŕšiti

West Slavic

Old Polish: krszyć

Polish: krszyć (dialectal)

Derived from Proto-Indo-European *krows- (“to bump, push, break”). Akin to Lithuanian krùšti.

der+

(transitive) to crumble (to break into crumbs)


nuriti

nuřenьje (noun-from-verb)
nuriti (infinitive)
nuritъ (supine)
nurilъ (l-participle)
nuřenъ (participle passive past)
nurimъ (participle passive present)
nuřь (active participle past)
nurę (active participle present)
nurixъ (aorist first-person singular)
nuri (aorist second-person singular)
nuri (aorist singular third-person)
nuřǫ (first-person present singular)
nuriši (present second-person singular)
nuritь (present singular third-person)
nurixově (aorist dual first-person)
nurista (aorist dual second-person)
nuriste (aorist dual third-person)
nurivě (dual first-person present)
nurita (dual present second-person)
nurite (dual present third-person)
nurixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
nuriste (aorist plural second-person)
nurišę (aorist plural third-person)
nurimъ (first-person plural present)
nurite (plural present second-person)
nurętь (plural present third-person)
nuřaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
nuřaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
nuřaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
nuri (imperative second-person singular)
nuri (imperative singular third-person)
nuřaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
nuřaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
nuřaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
nurivě (dual first-person imperative)
nurita (dual imperative second-person)
nuřaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
nuřaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
nuřaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
nurimъ (first-person imperative plural)
nurite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic

Belarusian: ну́рiць (núricʹ)

Russian: ну́рить (núritʹ)

⇒ Ukrainian: пону́рити (ponúryty)

South Slavic

desc

⇒ Old Church Slavonic: изноурити (iznuriti)

West Slavic

Czech: nuřit (obsolete)

Old Polish: nurzyć

Polish: nurzyć (obsolete)

Slovak: nuriť

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: nuriś

Upper Sorbian: nurić


gъpanъ

gъpanъ (nominative singular)
gъpana (dual nominative)
gъpani (nominative plural)
gъpana (genitive singular)
gъpanu (dual genitive)
gъpanъ (genitive plural)
gъpanu (dative singular)
gъpanoma (dative dual)
gъpanomъ (dative plural)
gъpanъ (accusative singular)
gъpana (accusative dual)
gъpany (accusative plural)
gъpanъmь (instrumental singular)
gъpanomь (instrumental singular)
gъpanoma (dual instrumental)
gъpany (instrumental plural)
gъpaně (locative singular)
gъpanu (dual locative)
gъpaněxъ (locative plural)
gъpane (singular vocative)
gъpana (dual vocative)
gъpani (plural vocative)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: hpán, pán

Czech: pán, pan

desctree

Old Polish: pan
Polish: pan
→ Lithuanian: põnas
→ Yiddish: פּאַן (pan)
Silesian: pōn
→ Old East Slavic: панъ (panŭ) (13ᵗʰ c.)
Old Ruthenian: панъ (pan) (14ᵗʰ c.)
Belarusian: пан (pan)
Carpathian Rusyn: пан (pan)
Ukrainian: пан (pan)
→ Middle Russian: панъ (pan) (16ᵗʰ c.)
Russian: пан (pan)

Old Slovak: pán

Pannonian Rusyn: пан (pan)

Slovak: pán

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: pón

Slovincian: pón

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: pan

Upper Sorbian: pan

Probably an Iranian origin. Borrowed from Scythian *γu-pāna-, further from Proto-Iranian *gu-pāna-, *gau-pāna- (“cattleguard”), from compound of *gā́wš (“cow”) + *pāna- (“protection, security, guard”).
According to Boryś Sanskrit गोपायति (gopāyati) and गोपा (gopā) are possible cognates. Root for all words to come from Proto-Indo-European *gewp- (“to hide, protect”), Slavic word extended with *-anъ.


ǫxati

ǫxàti (canonical)
ǫxanьje (noun-from-verb)
ǫxati (infinitive)
ǫxatъ (supine)
ǫxalъ (l-participle)
ǫxanъ (participle passive past)
ǫxajemъ (participle passive present)
ǫxavъ (active participle past)
ǫxaję (active participle present)
ǫxaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
ǫxa (aorist second-person singular)
ǫxa (aorist singular third-person)
ǫxajǫ (first-person present singular)
ǫxaješi (present second-person singular)
ǫxajetь (present singular third-person)
ǫxaxově (aorist dual first-person)
ǫxasta (aorist dual second-person)
ǫxaste (aorist dual third-person)
ǫxajevě (dual first-person present)
ǫxajeta (dual present second-person)
ǫxajete (dual present third-person)
ǫxaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
ǫxaste (aorist plural second-person)
ǫxašę (aorist plural third-person)
ǫxajemъ (first-person plural present)
ǫxajete (plural present second-person)
ǫxajǫtь (plural present third-person)
ǫxaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
ǫxaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
ǫxaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
ǫxaji (imperative second-person singular)
ǫxaji (imperative singular third-person)
ǫxaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
ǫxaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
ǫxaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
ǫxajivě (dual first-person imperative)
ǫxajita (dual imperative second-person)
ǫxaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
ǫxaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
ǫxaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
ǫxajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
ǫxajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: ѫха́ти (ǫxáti), оуха́ти (uxáti)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: уха́ти (uxáti)
Ukrainian: уха́ти (uxáty) (obsolete)

desc

благооуха́ти

⇒ Old East Slavic: благооуха́ти (blagouxáti)

Russian: благоуха́ть (blagouxátʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: ѫхати (ǫxati)

Russian Church Slavonic: оухати (uxati)

⇒ Serbian Church Slavonic: ѫхание (ǫxanije)

Bulgarian: ухая (uhaja)

⇒ Bulgarian: въх (vǎh)

Slovene: vọ̑hati (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: wąchac

Polish: wąchać

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁- (“to breathe”).


soršiti

soršenьje (noun-from-verb)
soršiti (infinitive)
soršitъ (supine)
soršilъ (l-participle)
soršenъ (participle passive past)
soršimъ (participle passive present)
soršь (active participle past)
soršę (active participle present)
soršixъ (aorist first-person singular)
sorši (aorist second-person singular)
sorši (aorist singular third-person)
soršǫ (first-person present singular)
soršiši (present second-person singular)
soršitь (present singular third-person)
soršixově (aorist dual first-person)
soršista (aorist dual second-person)
soršiste (aorist dual third-person)
soršivě (dual first-person present)
soršita (dual present second-person)
soršite (dual present third-person)
soršixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
soršiste (aorist plural second-person)
soršišę (aorist plural third-person)
soršimъ (first-person plural present)
soršite (plural present second-person)
soršętь (plural present third-person)
soršaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
soršaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
soršaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
sorši (imperative second-person singular)
sorši (imperative singular third-person)
soršaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
soršaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
soršaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
soršivě (dual first-person imperative)
soršita (dual imperative second-person)
soršaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
soršaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
soršaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
soršimъ (first-person imperative plural)
soršite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic

desc

⇒ Old East Slavic: въсорошити (vŭsorošiti)

South Slavic

⇒ Old Church Slavonic: въсрашити (vŭsrašiti)

West Slavic

Polish: stroszyć

Derived from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“to run”).

der+

(transitive) to dishevel, to ruffle, to tousle


kojiti

kojenьje (noun-from-verb)
kojiti (infinitive)
kojitъ (supine)
kojilъ (l-participle)
kojenъ (participle passive past)
kojimъ (participle passive present)
kojь (active participle past)
koję (active participle present)
kojixъ (aorist first-person singular)
koji (aorist second-person singular)
koji (aorist singular third-person)
kojǫ (first-person present singular)
kojiši (present second-person singular)
kojitь (present singular third-person)
kojixově (aorist dual first-person)
kojista (aorist dual second-person)
kojiste (aorist dual third-person)
kojivě (dual first-person present)
kojita (dual present second-person)
kojite (dual present third-person)
kojixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
kojiste (aorist plural second-person)
kojišę (aorist plural third-person)
kojimъ (first-person plural present)
kojite (plural present second-person)
kojętь (plural present third-person)
kojaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
kojaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
kojaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
koji (imperative second-person singular)
koji (imperative singular third-person)
kojaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
kojaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
kojaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
kojivě (dual first-person imperative)
kojita (dual imperative second-person)
kojaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
kojaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
kojaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
kojimъ (first-person imperative plural)
kojite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

desc

Old Ruthenian: ко́ити (kóiti), ко́итисѧ (kóitisja)

Belarusian: ко́яцца (kójacca, “to mock, scoff”) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: ко́їти (kójity, “to contrive”), ко́їтися (kójitysja)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: ко́я (kója) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: којити (dialectal)

Latin script: kojiti (dialectal)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kojiti

Czech: kojit

Old Polish: koić

Polish: koić

Slovak: kojiť

Derived from Proto-Indo-European *kʷyeh₁- (“to rest”).


pragnǫti

pragnovenьje (noun-from-verb)
pragnǫti (infinitive)
pragnǫtъ (supine)
pragnǫlъ (l-participle)
pragnovenъ (participle passive past)
pragnomъ (participle passive present)
pragnǫvъ (active participle past)
pragny (active participle present)
pragnǫxъ (aorist first-person singular)
pragnǫ (aorist second-person singular)
pragnǫ (aorist singular third-person)
pragnǫ (first-person present singular)
pragneši (present second-person singular)
pragnetь (present singular third-person)
pragnǫxově (aorist dual first-person)
pragnǫsta (aorist dual second-person)
pragnǫste (aorist dual third-person)
pragnevě (dual first-person present)
pragneta (dual present second-person)
pragnete (dual present third-person)
pragnǫxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
pragnǫste (aorist plural second-person)
pragnǫšę (aorist plural third-person)
pragnemъ (first-person plural present)
pragnete (plural present second-person)
pragnǫtь (plural present third-person)
pragněaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
pragněaše (imperfect second-person singular)
pragněaše (imperfect singular third-person)
pragni (imperative second-person singular)
pragni (imperative singular third-person)
pragněaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
pragněašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
pragněašete (dual imperfect third-person)
pragněvě (dual first-person imperative)
pragněta (dual imperative second-person)
pragněaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
pragněašete (imperfect plural second-person)
pragněaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
pragněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
pragněte (imperative plural second-person)

West Slavic

Czech: prahnout

desctree

Old Polish: pragnąć
Polish: pragnąć
Silesian: pragnōńć
→ Old Ruthenian: пра́гнути (práhnuti), прꙗ́гнути (prjáhnuti)
Belarusian: пра́гнуць (práhnucʹ), пря́гнуць (prjáhnucʹ)
Ukrainian: пра́гнути (práhnuty)

Slovak: prahnúť

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: pragnąc

Slovincian: pragnõc

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: prahnyć

Derived from Proto-Indo-European *preg- (“to yearn, covet”).

der+

(intransitive) to thirst (to be thirsty)


skornь

skornь (nominative singular)
skorni (dual nominative)
skorni (nominative plural)
skorni (genitive singular)
skornьju (dual genitive)
skornьjь (genitive plural)
skorni (dative singular)
skornьma (dative dual)
skornьmъ (dative plural)
skornь (accusative singular)
skorni (accusative dual)
skorni (accusative plural)
skornьjǫ (instrumental singular)
skornьma (dual instrumental)
skornьmi (instrumental plural)
skorni (locative singular)
skornьju (dual locative)
skornьxъ (locative plural)
skorni (singular vocative)
skorni (dual vocative)
skorni (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: скороня (skoronja), скоронь (skoronĭ)

Russian: скоро́нь (skorónʹ); скорынья́ (skorynʹjá) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Russian Church Slavonic: скраниꙗ (skranija)

Serbian Church Slavonic: скраниꙗ (skranija)

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: skrȃnj, skránjа, skrȃnje (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: skráně

Czech: skráň (literary)

→ Old Ruthenian: скрань (skranʹ) (dialectal)

Kashubian: skarniô

desctree

Old Polish: skronia
Polish: skroń
→ Old Ruthenian: скронь (skronʹ)
Belarusian: скронь (skronʹ)
Ukrainian: скро́ня (skrónja)

Slovak: skráň, škraňa

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: škŕona, škŕono

Upper Sorbian: skroń

Potential cognates include Icelandic hvarmur and Latin parma.


maťexa

màťexa (canonical feminine)
a (accent-paradigm)
màťexa (nominative singular)
màťeśě (dual nominative)
màťexy (nominative plural)
màťexy (genitive singular)
màťexu (dual genitive)
màťexъ (genitive plural)
màťeśě (dative singular)
màťexama (dative dual)
màťexamъ (dative plural)
màťexǫ (accusative singular)
màťeśě (accusative dual)
màťexy (accusative plural)
màťexojǫ (instrumental singular)
màťexǭ (instrumental singular)
màťexama (dual instrumental)
màťexamī (instrumental plural)
màťeśě (locative singular)
màťexu (dual locative)
màťexasъ (locative plural)
màťexaxъ (locative plural)
màťexo (singular vocative)
màťeśě (dual vocative)
màťexy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: ма́чеха (máčexa), мма́чиха (mmáčixa), ма́щеха (máščexa)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: ма́чоха (máčoxa)
Belarusian: ма́чаха (máčaxa), ма́чыха (máčyxa); ма́ччыха (máččyxa), ма́чоха (máčoxa), ма́чэха (máčexa), ма́чуха (máčuxa) (dialectal)
Carpathian Rusyn: ма́чоха (máčoxa)
Ukrainian: ма́чуха (máčuxa), ма́чоха (máčoxa); ма́чиха (máčyxa), ма́чьоха (máčʹoxa) (dialectal)

desc

Russian: ма́чеха (máčexa), ма́чиха (máčixa); ма́чуха (máčuxa) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: мащеха (maštexa)

Glagolitic script: ⰿⰰⱋⰵⱈⰰ (maštexa)

Bulgarian: ма́щеха (mášteha), ма́щиха (máštiha); ма́штеха (mášteha), машче́йа (maščéja), ма́штеа (máštea) (dialectal)

Macedonian: маштеа (maštea); маштиха (maštiha), маќеа (maḱea), макева (makeva) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ма̏ћеха; маћеја, ма̏ћа̄, ма̏ћиха, ма̏ћија, ма̏чија, мачуха, мачеха, маћува (dialectal); маћуха, маћаха

Latin script: mȁćeha; maćaja, mȁćā, mȁćiha, mȁćija, mȁčija, mačuha, mačeha, maćuva (dialectal); mȁćuha, maćaha

Slovene: máčeha, máčuha; mačoha, mazhoha (dialectal)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: macecha

Czech: macecha

Bohemian (Chod dialect): macocha

Kashubian: macecha

Polabian: motexă

Old Polish: macocha, macecha

Polish: macocha; macecha, macycha, macoχa (dialectal)

Old Slovak: macecha, macocha

Slovak: macocha; macoha (dialectal)

Slovincian: macêcha

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: macocha

Upper Sorbian: macocha

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: mostoha

From *màti (“mother”) + *-jexa, originally meaning “like a mother”.

ętry

sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife)


pьržiti

pьrženьje (noun-from-verb)
pьržiti (infinitive)
pьržitъ (supine)
pьržilъ (l-participle)
pьrženъ (participle passive past)
pьržimъ (participle passive present)
pьržь (active participle past)
pьržę (active participle present)
pьržixъ (aorist first-person singular)
pьrži (aorist second-person singular)
pьrži (aorist singular third-person)
pьržǫ (first-person present singular)
pьržiši (present second-person singular)
pьržitь (present singular third-person)
pьržixově (aorist dual first-person)
pьržista (aorist dual second-person)
pьržiste (aorist dual third-person)
pьrživě (dual first-person present)
pьržita (dual present second-person)
pьržite (dual present third-person)
pьržixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
pьržiste (aorist plural second-person)
pьržišę (aorist plural third-person)
pьržimъ (first-person plural present)
pьržite (plural present second-person)
pьržętь (plural present third-person)
pьržaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
pьržaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
pьržaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
pьrži (imperative second-person singular)
pьrži (imperative singular third-person)
pьržaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
pьržaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
pьržaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
pьrživě (dual first-person imperative)
pьržita (dual imperative second-person)
pьržaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
pьržaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
pьržaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
pьržimъ (first-person imperative plural)
pьržite (imperative plural second-person)

South Slavic

Old Church Slavonic: пръжити (prŭžiti)

Bulgarian: пъ́ржа (pǎ́rža)

Macedonian: пржи (prži)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пр̏жити

Latin script: pȑžiti

Slovene: pŕžiti (tonal orthography)


sьrbati

sьrbanьje (noun-from-verb)
sьrbati (infinitive)
sьrbatъ (supine)
sьrbalъ (l-participle)
sьrbanъ (participle passive past)
sьrbajemъ (participle passive present)
sьrbavъ (active participle past)
sьrbaję (active participle present)
sьrbaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
sьrba (aorist second-person singular)
sьrba (aorist singular third-person)
sьrbajǫ (first-person present singular)
sьrbaješi (present second-person singular)
sьrbajetь (present singular third-person)
sьrbaxově (aorist dual first-person)
sьrbasta (aorist dual second-person)
sьrbaste (aorist dual third-person)
sьrbajevě (dual first-person present)
sьrbajeta (dual present second-person)
sьrbajete (dual present third-person)
sьrbaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
sьrbaste (aorist plural second-person)
sьrbašę (aorist plural third-person)
sьrbajemъ (first-person plural present)
sьrbajete (plural present second-person)
sьrbajǫtь (plural present third-person)
sьrbaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
sьrbaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
sьrbaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
sьrbaji (imperative second-person singular)
sьrbaji (imperative singular third-person)
sьrbaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
sьrbaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
sьrbaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
sьrbajivě (dual first-person imperative)
sьrbajita (dual imperative second-person)
sьrbaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
sьrbaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
sьrbaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
sьrbajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
sьrbajite (imperative plural second-person)
sьrbanьje (noun-from-verb)
sьrbati (infinitive)
sьrbatъ (supine)
sьrbalъ (l-participle)
sьrbanъ (participle passive past)
sьrbľemъ (participle passive present)
sьrbavъ (active participle past)
sьrbľę (active participle present)
sьrbaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
sьrba (aorist second-person singular)
sьrba (aorist singular third-person)
sьrbľǫ (first-person present singular)
sьrbľeši (present second-person singular)
sьrbľetь (present singular third-person)
sьrbaxově (aorist dual first-person)
sьrbasta (aorist dual second-person)
sьrbaste (aorist dual third-person)
sьrbľevě (dual first-person present)
sьrbľeta (dual present second-person)
sьrbľete (dual present third-person)
sьrbaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
sьrbaste (aorist plural second-person)
sьrbašę (aorist plural third-person)
sьrbľemъ (first-person plural present)
sьrbľete (plural present second-person)
sьrbľǫtь (plural present third-person)
sьrbaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
sьrbaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
sьrbaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
sьrbľi (imperative second-person singular)
sьrbľi (imperative singular third-person)
sьrbaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
sьrbaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
sьrbaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
sьrbľivě (dual first-person imperative)
sьrbľita (dual imperative second-person)
sьrbaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
sьrbaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
sьrbaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
sьrbľimъ (first-person imperative plural)
sьrbľite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: серебати (serebati)

Belarusian: сёрбаць (sjórbacʹ), сярба́ць (sjarbácʹ), серба́ць (sjerbácʹ)

Russian: серба́ть (serbátʹ), сёрбать (sjórbatʹ), стерба́т (sterbát) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: сьо́рба́ти (sʹórbáty), серба́ти (serbáty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: сръбати (srŭbati)

Bulgarian: съ́рбам (sǎ́rbam)

Macedonian: срба (srba)

Serbo-Croatian: srȅbati

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: sŕbati, srẹ́bati (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: střěbati

Czech: střebat

Moravian (Mistřice): střebat

Kashubian: sôrbac

Polish: sarbać, serbać, siorbać (dialectal)

Slovak: strebať

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: srěbać

Lower Sorbian: sŕebaś

Derived from Proto-Indo-European *srebʰ- (“to sip, gulp, suck”). Akin to Latvian strēbt, surbt and Lithuanian srė̃bti, sur̃bti.


těšiti

těšenьje (noun-from-verb)
těšiti (infinitive)
těšitъ (supine)
těšilъ (l-participle)
těšenъ (participle passive past)
těšimъ (participle passive present)
těšь (active participle past)
těšę (active participle present)
těšixъ (aorist first-person singular)
těši (aorist second-person singular)
těši (aorist singular third-person)
těšǫ (first-person present singular)
těšiši (present second-person singular)
těšitь (present singular third-person)
těšixově (aorist dual first-person)
těšista (aorist dual second-person)
těšiste (aorist dual third-person)
těšivě (dual first-person present)
těšita (dual present second-person)
těšite (dual present third-person)
těšixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
těšiste (aorist plural second-person)
těšišę (aorist plural third-person)
těšimъ (first-person plural present)
těšite (plural present second-person)
těšętь (plural present third-person)
těšaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
těšaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
těšaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
těši (imperative second-person singular)
těši (imperative singular third-person)
těšaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
těšaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
těšaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
těšivě (dual first-person imperative)
těšita (dual imperative second-person)
těšaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
těšaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
těšaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
těšimъ (first-person imperative plural)
těšite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic

Old East Slavic: тѣшити (těšiti)

⇒ Belarusian: пацяшаць (pacjašacʹ)

Russian: те́шить (téšitʹ)

Ukrainian: ті́шити (tíšyty)

South Slavic

desc

⇒ Old Church Slavonic: оутѣшити (utěšiti)

⇒ Bulgarian: утеша̀ (utešà)

Macedonian: теши (teši)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: те̏шити, ће̏шити, тје̏шити

Latin script: tȅšiti, ćȅšiti, tjȅšiti

Slovene: tẹ́šiti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic

Czech: těšit

desctree

Old Polish: cieszyć
Polish: cieszyć
Silesian: cieszyć

Slovak: tešiť

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: ceszëc

Slovincian: cêszëc

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: śěšyś

Upper Sorbian: ćěšić

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *taisītei. Compare *tixъ (“quiet, still”). Cognate with Latvian taisīt and Lithuanian taisýti.

(transitive) to calm, to soothe, to suckle, to quieten


(s)tъrčati

tъrčanьje (noun-from-verb)
stъrčanьje (noun-from-verb)
tъrčati (infinitive)
stъrčati (infinitive)
tъrčatъ (supine)
stъrčatъ (supine)
tъrčalъ (l-participle)
stъrčalъ (l-participle)
tъrčanъ (participle passive past)
stъrčanъ (participle passive past)
tъrčimъ (participle passive present)
stъrčimъ (participle passive present)
tъrčavъ (active participle past)
stъrčavъ (active participle past)
tъrčę (active participle present)
stъrčę (active participle present)
tъrčaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
stъrčaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
tъrča (aorist second-person singular)
stъrča (aorist second-person singular)
tъrča (aorist singular third-person)
stъrča (aorist singular third-person)
tъrčǫ (first-person present singular)
stъrčǫ (first-person present singular)
tъrčiši (present second-person singular)
stъrčiši (present second-person singular)
tъrčitь (present singular third-person)
stъrčitь (present singular third-person)
tъrčaxově (aorist dual first-person)
stъrčaxově (aorist dual first-person)
tъrčasta (aorist dual second-person)
stъrčasta (aorist dual second-person)
tъrčaste (aorist dual third-person)
stъrčaste (aorist dual third-person)
tъrčivě (dual first-person present)
stъrčivě (dual first-person present)
tъrčita (dual present second-person)
stъrčita (dual present second-person)
tъrčite (dual present third-person)
stъrčite (dual present third-person)
tъrčaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
stъrčaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
tъrčaste (aorist plural second-person)
stъrčaste (aorist plural second-person)
tъrčašę (aorist plural third-person)
stъrčašę (aorist plural third-person)
tъrčimъ (first-person plural present)
stъrčimъ (first-person plural present)
tъrčite (plural present second-person)
stъrčite (plural present second-person)
tъrčętь (plural present third-person)
stъrčętь (plural present third-person)
tъrčaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
stъrčaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
tъrčaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
stъrčaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
tъrčaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
stъrčaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
tъrči (imperative second-person singular)
stъrči (imperative second-person singular)
tъrči (imperative singular third-person)
stъrči (imperative singular third-person)
tъrčaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
stъrčaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
tъrčaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
stъrčaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
tъrčaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
stъrčaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
tъrčivě (dual first-person imperative)
stъrčivě (dual first-person imperative)
tъrčita (dual imperative second-person)
stъrčita (dual imperative second-person)
tъrčaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
stъrčaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
tъrčaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
stъrčaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
tъrčaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
stъrčaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
tъrčimъ (first-person imperative plural)
stъrčimъ (first-person imperative plural)
tъrčite (imperative plural second-person)
stъrčite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic

desc

Belarusian: тарча́ць (tarčácʹ), тырча́ць (tyrčácʹ)

Russian: торча́ть (torčátʹ)

Ukrainian: стирча́ти (styrčáty), тирча́ти (tyrčáty)

South Slavic

Bulgarian: стърча́ (stǎrčá)

Macedonian: стрчи (strči)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: штр̀чати, стр̀шати, стр̀шити

Latin script: štr̀čati, str̀šati, str̀šiti

Slovene: stŕčati (tonal orthography)

West Slavic

Czech: trčet, strčit

Polish: sterczeć

Slovak: trčať, strčiť

(intransitive) to jut, to protrude, to stick out


terbiti

terbľenьje (noun-from-verb)
terbiti (infinitive)
terbitъ (supine)
terbilъ (l-participle)
terbľenъ (participle passive past)
terbimъ (participle passive present)
terbľь (active participle past)
terbę (active participle present)
terbixъ (aorist first-person singular)
terbi (aorist second-person singular)
terbi (aorist singular third-person)
terbľǫ (first-person present singular)
terbiši (present second-person singular)
terbitь (present singular third-person)
terbixově (aorist dual first-person)
terbista (aorist dual second-person)
terbiste (aorist dual third-person)
terbivě (dual first-person present)
terbita (dual present second-person)
terbite (dual present third-person)
terbixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
terbiste (aorist plural second-person)
terbišę (aorist plural third-person)
terbimъ (first-person plural present)
terbite (plural present second-person)
terbętь (plural present third-person)
terbľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
terbľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
terbľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
terbi (imperative second-person singular)
terbi (imperative singular third-person)
terbľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
terbľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
terbľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
terbivě (dual first-person imperative)
terbita (dual imperative second-person)
terbľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
terbľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
terbľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
terbimъ (first-person imperative plural)
terbite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic

Old East Slavic: теребити (terebiti)

Belarusian: церебíць (cjerjebícʹ)

Russian: тереби́ть (terebítʹ)

Ukrainian: тереби́ти (terebýty)

South Slavic

Old Church Slavonic: трѣбити (trěbiti)

Bulgarian: тре́бя (trébja)

Macedonian: треби (trebi)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: трије́бити, тре́бити

Latin script: trijébiti, trébiti

Slovene: trẹ́biti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic

Czech: tříbit

Polish: trzebić

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: tŕebiś

Upper Sorbian: trjebić

From the extension of Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub, turn”).

der

(transitive) to clear (to remove (items or material) so as to leave something unobstructed or open)


plodъ

plodъ (nominative singular)
ploda (dual nominative)
plodi (nominative plural)
ploda (genitive singular)
plodu (dual genitive)
plodъ (genitive plural)
plodu (dative singular)
plodoma (dative dual)
plodomъ (dative plural)
plodъ (accusative singular)
ploda (accusative dual)
plody (accusative plural)
plodъmь (instrumental singular)
plodomь (instrumental singular)
plodoma (dual instrumental)
plody (instrumental plural)
plodě (locative singular)
plodu (dual locative)
ploděxъ (locative plural)
plode (singular vocative)
ploda (dual vocative)
plodi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: плодъ (plodŭ)

Belarusian: плод (plod)

Russian: плод (plod)

Ukrainian: плід (plid)

Carpathian Rusyn: плод (plod), плід (plid)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: плодъ (plodŭ)

Bulgarian: плод (plod)

Macedonian: плод (plod)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пло̑д

Latin script: plȏd

Slovene: plọ̑d (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: plod

Czech: plod

Old Polish: płód

Polish: płód

Slovak: plod

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: płod

Upper Sorbian: płód

Possibly derived from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁-. Akin to Latin plēbs.


drǫčiti

drǫčenьje (noun-from-verb)
drǫčiti (infinitive)
drǫčitъ (supine)
drǫčilъ (l-participle)
drǫčenъ (participle passive past)
drǫčimъ (participle passive present)
drǫčь (active participle past)
drǫčę (active participle present)
drǫčixъ (aorist first-person singular)
drǫči (aorist second-person singular)
drǫči (aorist singular third-person)
drǫčǫ (first-person present singular)
drǫčiši (present second-person singular)
drǫčitь (present singular third-person)
drǫčixově (aorist dual first-person)
drǫčista (aorist dual second-person)
drǫčiste (aorist dual third-person)
drǫčivě (dual first-person present)
drǫčita (dual present second-person)
drǫčite (dual present third-person)
drǫčixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
drǫčiste (aorist plural second-person)
drǫčišę (aorist plural third-person)
drǫčimъ (first-person plural present)
drǫčite (plural present second-person)
drǫčętь (plural present third-person)
drǫčaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
drǫčaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
drǫčaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
drǫči (imperative second-person singular)
drǫči (imperative singular third-person)
drǫčaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
drǫčaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
drǫčaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
drǫčivě (dual first-person imperative)
drǫčita (dual imperative second-person)
drǫčaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
drǫčaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
drǫčaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
drǫčimъ (first-person imperative plural)
drǫčite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic

Russian: дручи́ть (dručítʹ)

⇒ Russian: удручить (udručitʹ)

South Slavic

desc

⇒ Old Church Slavonic: оудрѫчити (udrǫčiti)

⇒ Old Church Slavonic: дрѫчение (drǫčenije)

West Slavic

Old Polish: dręczyć

Polish: dręczyć

(transitive) to deject, to distress, to vex


skъrbь

skъrbь (nominative singular)
skъrbi (dual nominative)
skъrbi (nominative plural)
skъrbi (genitive singular)
skъrbьju (dual genitive)
skъrbľu (dual genitive)
skъrbьjь (genitive plural)
skъrbi (genitive plural)
skъrbi (dative singular)
skъrbьma (dative dual)
skъrbьmъ (dative plural)
skъrbь (accusative singular)
skъrbi (accusative dual)
skъrbi (accusative plural)
skъrbьjǫ (instrumental singular)
skъrbľǫ (instrumental singular)
skъrbьma (dual instrumental)
skъrbьmi (instrumental plural)
skъrbi (locative singular)
skъrbьju (dual locative)
skъrbľu (dual locative)
skъrbьxъ (locative plural)
skъrbi (singular vocative)
skъrbi (dual vocative)
skъrbi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: скърбь (skŭrbĭ)

Russian: скорбь (skorbʹ)

Ukrainian: скорб (skorb)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: скръбь (skrŭbĭ)

Bulgarian: скръб (skrǎb)

Macedonian: скрб (skrb)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: скр̑б

Latin script: skȓb

Slovene: skȓb (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Polish: skarb (possibly)

→ Russian: скарб (skarb)

→ Ukrainian: скарб (skarb)

Non-Slavic

→ Romanian: scârbă


tovarъ

tovarъ (nominative singular)
tovara (dual nominative)
tovari (nominative plural)
tovara (genitive singular)
tovaru (dual genitive)
tovarъ (genitive plural)
tovaru (dative singular)
tovaroma (dative dual)
tovaromъ (dative plural)
tovarъ (accusative singular)
tovara (accusative dual)
tovary (accusative plural)
tovarъmь (instrumental singular)
tovaromь (instrumental singular)
tovaroma (dual instrumental)
tovary (instrumental plural)
tovarě (locative singular)
tovaru (dual locative)
tovarěxъ (locative plural)
tovare (singular vocative)
tovara (dual vocative)
tovari (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: товаръ (tovarŭ)

Belarusian: тава́р (tavár)

Russian: това́р (továr)

→ Finnish: tavara

→ Livvi: tavar

→ Veps: tavar

Ukrainian: това́р (továr)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: това́р (továr)

Macedonian: товар (tovar)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: то̀вар

Latin script: tòvar

Slovene: tóvor (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: towôr

Czech: tovar

desctree

Old Polish: towar
Polish: towar
Silesian: tŏwŏr

Slovak: tovar

Borrowed from Turkic, from Proto-Turkic *tabar. Compare Turkish davar (“cattle, livestock”). Note also Middle Armenian տաւար (tawar, “cattle”), a Turkic borrowing.


lękati

lękanьje (noun-from-verb)
lękati (infinitive)
lękatъ (supine)
lękalъ (l-participle)
lękanъ (participle passive past)
lękajemъ (participle passive present)
lękavъ (active participle past)
lękaję (active participle present)
lękaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
lęka (aorist second-person singular)
lęka (aorist singular third-person)
lękajǫ (first-person present singular)
lękaješi (present second-person singular)
lękajetь (present singular third-person)
lękaxově (aorist dual first-person)
lękasta (aorist dual second-person)
lękaste (aorist dual third-person)
lękajevě (dual first-person present)
lękajeta (dual present second-person)
lękajete (dual present third-person)
lękaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
lękaste (aorist plural second-person)
lękašę (aorist plural third-person)
lękajemъ (first-person plural present)
lękajete (plural present second-person)
lękajǫtь (plural present third-person)
lękaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
lękaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
lękaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
lękaji (imperative second-person singular)
lękaji (imperative singular third-person)
lękaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
lękaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
lękaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
lękajivě (dual first-person imperative)
lękajita (dual imperative second-person)
lękaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
lękaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
lękaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
lękajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
lękajite (imperative plural second-person)
lękanьje (noun-from-verb)
lękati (infinitive)
lękatъ (supine)
lękalъ (l-participle)
lękanъ (participle passive past)
lęčemъ (participle passive present)
lękavъ (active participle past)
lęčę (active participle present)
lękaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
lęka (aorist second-person singular)
lęka (aorist singular third-person)
lęčǫ (first-person present singular)
lęčeši (present second-person singular)
lęčetь (present singular third-person)
lękaxově (aorist dual first-person)
lękasta (aorist dual second-person)
lękaste (aorist dual third-person)
lęčevě (dual first-person present)
lęčeta (dual present second-person)
lęčete (dual present third-person)
lękaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
lękaste (aorist plural second-person)
lękašę (aorist plural third-person)
lęčemъ (first-person plural present)
lęčete (plural present second-person)
lęčǫtь (plural present third-person)
lękaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
lękaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
lękaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
lęči (imperative second-person singular)
lęči (imperative singular third-person)
lękaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
lękaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
lękaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
lęčivě (dual first-person imperative)
lęčita (dual imperative second-person)
lękaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
lękaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
lękaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
lęčimъ (first-person imperative plural)
lęčite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic

desc

Russian: ляка́ть (ljakátʹ, “to scare, chase a fish caught in a net”) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: ляка́ти (ljakáty, “to frighten, scare”)

South Slavic

Old Church Slavonic: лѩчѫтъ (“they set traps, 3pl.”)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ле́цати

Latin script: lécati

Slovene: lę́cati (tonal orthography)

West Slavic

Old Czech: léceti (“to lay snares, set traps”)

Czech: lécet, lícet

Czech: lekat (“to frighten, scare”)

Polish: lękać się (“to be afraid”)

Slovak: ľakať (“to frighten, scare”)

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: lěkaś

Derived from Proto-Indo-European *lenk- (“to bend”).


esva

Indirectly attested in *sverěpъ (“horse’s burdock”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *éśwāˀ (“mare”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éḱwos. Displaced by *koňь m, *komoňь m; *kobyla f. Also were found in toponyms: Belarusian Асве́я (Asvjéja) / Russian Осве́я (Osvéja), Belarusian Асві́ца (Asvíca) / Russian Осви́ца (Osvíca).


tomiti

tomľenьje (noun-from-verb)
tomiti (infinitive)
tomitъ (supine)
tomilъ (l-participle)
tomľenъ (participle passive past)
tomimъ (participle passive present)
tomľь (active participle past)
tomę (active participle present)
tomixъ (aorist first-person singular)
tomi (aorist second-person singular)
tomi (aorist singular third-person)
tomľǫ (first-person present singular)
tomiši (present second-person singular)
tomitь (present singular third-person)
tomixově (aorist dual first-person)
tomista (aorist dual second-person)
tomiste (aorist dual third-person)
tomivě (dual first-person present)
tomita (dual present second-person)
tomite (dual present third-person)
tomixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
tomiste (aorist plural second-person)
tomišę (aorist plural third-person)
tomimъ (first-person plural present)
tomite (plural present second-person)
tomętь (plural present third-person)
tomľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
tomľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
tomľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
tomi (imperative second-person singular)
tomi (imperative singular third-person)
tomľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
tomľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
tomľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
tomivě (dual first-person imperative)
tomita (dual imperative second-person)
tomľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
tomľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
tomľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
tomimъ (first-person imperative plural)
tomite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: тамі́ць (tamícʹ)

Russian: томи́ть (tomítʹ)

Ukrainian: томи́ти (tomýty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: томити (tomiti)

Slovene: tomljáti (tonal orthography)


kviliti

kviľenьje (noun-from-verb)
kviliti (infinitive)
kvilitъ (supine)
kvililъ (l-participle)
kviľenъ (participle passive past)
kvilimъ (participle passive present)
kviľь (active participle past)
kvilę (active participle present)
kvilixъ (aorist first-person singular)
kvili (aorist second-person singular)
kvili (aorist singular third-person)
kviľǫ (first-person present singular)
kviliši (present second-person singular)
kvilitь (present singular third-person)
kvilixově (aorist dual first-person)
kvilista (aorist dual second-person)
kviliste (aorist dual third-person)
kvilivě (dual first-person present)
kvilita (dual present second-person)
kvilite (dual present third-person)
kvilixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
kviliste (aorist plural second-person)
kvilišę (aorist plural third-person)
kvilimъ (first-person plural present)
kvilite (plural present second-person)
kvilętь (plural present third-person)
kviľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
kviľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
kviľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
kvili (imperative second-person singular)
kvili (imperative singular third-person)
kviľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
kviľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
kviľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
kvilivě (dual first-person imperative)
kvilita (dual imperative second-person)
kviľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
kviľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
kviľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
kvilimъ (first-person imperative plural)
kvilite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic

Russian: цвили́ть (cvilítʹ)

Ukrainian: квили́ти (kvylýty)

South Slavic

Old Church Slavonic:

Serbian Church Slavonic: цвилити (cviliti)

Bulgarian: цви́ля (cvílja)

Macedonian: цвили (cvili)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: цви́љети, цви́лити

Latin script: cvíljeti, cvíliti

Slovene: cvíliti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic

Czech: kvílet, kvílit

Polabian: kvéilе (“1sg.”)

Polish: kwilić

Slovak: kvíliť

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: kwiliś


sverěpъ

sverěpъ (nominative singular)
sverěpa (dual nominative)
sverěpi (nominative plural)
sverěpa (genitive singular)
sverěpu (dual genitive)
sverěpъ (genitive plural)
sverěpu (dative singular)
sverěpoma (dative dual)
sverěpomъ (dative plural)
sverěpъ (accusative singular)
sverěpa (accusative dual)
sverěpy (accusative plural)
sverěpъmь (instrumental singular)
sverěpomь (instrumental singular)
sverěpoma (dual instrumental)
sverěpy (instrumental plural)
sverěpě (locative singular)
sverěpu (dual locative)
sverěpěxъ (locative plural)
sverěpe (singular vocative)
sverěpa (dual vocative)
sverěpi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

⇒ Ukrainian: свирі́па (svyrípa, “Beta, Erysimum”)

⇒ Russian: свирепа (svirepa, “Raphanus”), свире́пка (svirépka, “Beta, Erysimum”)

South Slavic:

⇒ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сверепек (“Festuca, Aegilops”)

Latin script: sverepek (“Festuca, Aegilops”)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: sveřěp (“draff”)

⇒ Old Czech: sveřěpicě f (“mare”)

Czech: sveřep (“Bromus”)

⇒ Czech: sveřepec (“breeding stallion”)

desctree

⇒ Old Polish: świerzepa
Polish: świrzepa

desc

⇒ Old Slovak: sverepa f, sverepica f, sverepec m (“Bromus”)

From earlier *(e)svorěpъ, from *esva (“horse”) + *rěpъ (“bur, burdock”). For the loss of the initial vowel, cf. Old Prussian sweikis (“plowhorse”) (from *asveikīs); according Machek it was assimilated under influence of -ě-. Such etymology is supported by the dialectal Czech equivalent koňský řepíček "horse's Agrimonium", Romanian borrowings from Church Slavonic: sireáp and svireáp (“rampant (on a horse)”) and Czech and Old Polish descendants meaning "stallion", "mare".
According to Brückner: from *svarъ + *-ěpъ.


sverěpъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *sverěpъ (hard)

Definite declension of *sverěpъ (hard)

sverěpъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
sverěpa (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
sverěpo (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
sverěpa (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
sverěpy (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
sverěpa (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
sverěpu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
sverěpě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
sverěpu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
sverěpъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
sverěpǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
sverěpo (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
sverěpomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
sverěpojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
sverěpomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
sverěpě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
sverěpě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
sverěpě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
sverěpe (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
sverěpo (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
sverěpo (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
sverěpa (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
sverěpě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
sverěpě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
sverěpu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
sverěpu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
sverěpu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
sverěpoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
sverěpama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
sverěpoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
sverěpa (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
sverěpě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
sverěpě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
sverěpoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
sverěpama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
sverěpoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
sverěpu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
sverěpu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
sverěpu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
sverěpa (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
sverěpě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
sverěpě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
sverěpi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
sverěpy (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
sverěpa (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
sverěpъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
sverěpъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
sverěpъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
sverěpomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
sverěpamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
sverěpomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
sverěpy (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
sverěpy (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
sverěpa (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
sverěpy (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
sverěpami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
sverěpy (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
sverěpěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
sverěpaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
sverěpěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
sverěpi (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
sverěpy (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
sverěpa (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
sverěpъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
sverěpaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
sverěpoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
sverěpajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
sverěpyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
sverěpajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
sverěpujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
sverěpěji (dative definite feminine singular)
sverěpujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
sverěpъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
sverěpǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
sverěpoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
sverěpyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
sverěpǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
sverěpyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
sverěpějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
sverěpěji (definite feminine locative singular)
sverěpějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
sverěpъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
sverěpaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
sverěpoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
sverěpaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
sverěpěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
sverěpěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
sverěpuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
sverěpuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
sverěpuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
sverěpyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
sverěpyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
sverěpyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
sverěpaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
sverěpěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
sverěpěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
sverěpyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
sverěpyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
sverěpyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
sverěpuju (definite dual locative masculine)
sverěpuju (definite dual feminine locative)
sverěpuju (definite dual locative neuter)
sverěpaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
sverěpěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
sverěpěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
sverěpiji (definite masculine nominative plural)
sverěpyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
sverěpaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
sverěpъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
sverěpъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
sverěpъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
sverěpyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
sverěpyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
sverěpyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
sverěpyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
sverěpyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
sverěpaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
sverěpyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
sverěpyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
sverěpyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
sverěpyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
sverěpyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
sverěpyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
sverěpiji (definite masculine plural vocative)
sverěpyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
sverěpaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: сверѣпъ (sverěpŭ), свирѣпъ (svirěpŭ)

Russian: свире́пый (svirépyj)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: свѝреп

Latin script: svìrep

⇒ Ukrainian: свірі́пний (svirípnyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: сверѣпъ (sverěpŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⰲⰵⱃⱑⱂⱏ (sverěpŭ)

Bulgarian: свире́п (svirép)

Macedonian: свиреп (svirep)

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: svеrе́р, srẹ̑p (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: sveřěpý

Czech: sveřepý

desc

Old Polish: świerzepi, świerzepy, świerzopi, świerzopy

Slovak: sverepý

Unclear:
* Machek, Snoj: From *sve- (“self”) + *rěpъ (“clinging”), originally meaning “one who relies on themselves”.
* Miklošič, Fortunatov: Akin to Lithuanian šiur̃pti (“to bristle, to shiver”).
* Mladenov: Related to Lithuanian sver̃ti (“to scale, to weigh”), svìrtis (“lever”), svarùs (“important”), Latvian svērt (“to weigh”), Proto-Germanic *swēraz (“heavy”) (effectively from Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“grave”) + *-ěpъ). Potebnja also relates dial. Russian осве́р (osvér, “lever arm”), possibly сверёжой (sverjóžoj, “wayward”) to this set of cognates.
* V. Merkulova: From the root of *sur- (“raw”) + *-ěpъ.
* Holzer: Possibly derived from a non-Slavic IE substrate (again + *-ěpъ), cognate with native *zvěrь (“beast”).
The origin of the elusive suffix *-ěpъ in the last three proposals is uncertain. Found also in dialectal terms such as *kъrlěpъ (“sticky”) (> dial. Serbo-Croatian крлијеп, stand. крпељ (“tick”) (via metathesis)), *skorěpъ (“hollow”) (> Czech skоřера (“husk”)).
Vasmer, Brückner, Jagić, Blažek discuss the adjective alongside the noun, (presumably) implying kinship between the two.


kъrdo

kъrdo (nominative singular)
kъrdě (dual nominative)
kъrda (nominative plural)
kъrda (genitive singular)
kъrdu (dual genitive)
kъrdъ (genitive plural)
kъrdu (dative singular)
kъrdoma (dative dual)
kъrdomъ (dative plural)
kъrdo (accusative singular)
kъrdě (accusative dual)
kъrda (accusative plural)
kъrdъmь (instrumental singular)
kъrdomь (instrumental singular)
kъrdoma (dual instrumental)
kъrdy (instrumental plural)
kъrdě (locative singular)
kъrdu (dual locative)
kъrděxъ (locative plural)
kъrdo (singular vocative)
kъrdě (dual vocative)
kъrda (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

desc

⇒ Bulgarian: кръ́днина (krǎ́dnina, “pedigree”) (dialectal)

Macedonian: крдо (krdo)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кр̏до n, кр̏д m

Latin script: kȑdo n, kȑd m

West Slavic:

Polish: kierda f (dialectal)

Non-Slavic:

→ Romanian: cârd

q

→ Ukrainian: кирд m (kyrd), кирт m (kyrt), ки́рда f (kýrda) (dialectal, borrowed from Moldovan кырд)

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱerdʰ- (“to procede, to arrange”).


tušiti

tušenьje (noun-from-verb)
tušiti (infinitive)
tušitъ (supine)
tušilъ (l-participle)
tušenъ (participle passive past)
tušimъ (participle passive present)
tušь (active participle past)
tušę (active participle present)
tušixъ (aorist first-person singular)
tuši (aorist second-person singular)
tuši (aorist singular third-person)
tušǫ (first-person present singular)
tušiši (present second-person singular)
tušitь (present singular third-person)
tušixově (aorist dual first-person)
tušista (aorist dual second-person)
tušiste (aorist dual third-person)
tušivě (dual first-person present)
tušita (dual present second-person)
tušite (dual present third-person)
tušixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
tušiste (aorist plural second-person)
tušišę (aorist plural third-person)
tušimъ (first-person plural present)
tušite (plural present second-person)
tušętь (plural present third-person)
tušaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
tušaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
tušaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
tuši (imperative second-person singular)
tuši (imperative singular third-person)
tušaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
tušaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
tušaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
tušivě (dual first-person imperative)
tušita (dual imperative second-person)
tušaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
tušaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
tušaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
tušimъ (first-person imperative plural)
tušite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic

Belarusian: тушы́ць (tušýcʹ)

Russian: туши́ть (tušítʹ)

Ukrainian: туши́ти (tušýty)

South Slavic

⇒ Bulgarian: потуша́ (potušá)

⇒ Slovene: potúšiti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic

Czech: tušit

Polish: tuszyć (obsolete)

Slovak: tušiť

Derived from Proto-Indo-European *tews- (“to be still”). Akin to Sanskrit तुष्यति (tuṣyati) and तूष्णीम् (tūṣṇī́m), Proto-Germanic *þusiþaz (“silent”), Old Prussian tusnan (“still”).

der+

(transitive) to extinguish, to put out, to quench


nǫditi

nǫďenьje (noun-from-verb)
nǫditi (infinitive)
nǫditъ (supine)
nǫdilъ (l-participle)
nǫďenъ (participle passive past)
nǫdimъ (participle passive present)
nǫďь (active participle past)
nǫdę (active participle present)
nǫdixъ (aorist first-person singular)
nǫdi (aorist second-person singular)
nǫdi (aorist singular third-person)
nǫďǫ (first-person present singular)
nǫdiši (present second-person singular)
nǫditь (present singular third-person)
nǫdixově (aorist dual first-person)
nǫdista (aorist dual second-person)
nǫdiste (aorist dual third-person)
nǫdivě (dual first-person present)
nǫdita (dual present second-person)
nǫdite (dual present third-person)
nǫdixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
nǫdiste (aorist plural second-person)
nǫdišę (aorist plural third-person)
nǫdimъ (first-person plural present)
nǫdite (plural present second-person)
nǫdętь (plural present third-person)
nǫďaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
nǫďaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
nǫďaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
nǫdi (imperative second-person singular)
nǫdi (imperative singular third-person)
nǫďaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
nǫďaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
nǫďaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
nǫdivě (dual first-person imperative)
nǫdita (dual imperative second-person)
nǫďaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
nǫďaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
nǫďaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
nǫdimъ (first-person imperative plural)
nǫdite (imperative plural second-person)


vьrstva

vьrstva (nominative singular)
vьrstvě (dual nominative)
vьrstvy (nominative plural)
vьrstvy (genitive singular)
vьrstvu (dual genitive)
vьrstvъ (genitive plural)
vьrstvě (dative singular)
vьrstvama (dative dual)
vьrstvamъ (dative plural)
vьrstvǫ (accusative singular)
vьrstvě (accusative dual)
vьrstvy (accusative plural)
vьrstvojǫ (instrumental singular)
vьrstvǫ (instrumental singular)
vьrstvama (dual instrumental)
vьrstvami (instrumental plural)
vьrstvě (locative singular)
vьrstvu (dual locative)
vьrstvasъ (locative plural)
vьrstvaxъ (locative plural)
vьrstvo (singular vocative)
vьrstvě (dual vocative)
vьrstvy (plural vocative)


pętьno

pętьno (nominative singular)
pętьně (dual nominative)
pętьna (nominative plural)
pętьna (genitive singular)
pętьnu (dual genitive)
pętьnъ (genitive plural)
pętьnu (dative singular)
pętьnoma (dative dual)
pętьnomъ (dative plural)
pętьno (accusative singular)
pętьně (accusative dual)
pętьna (accusative plural)
pętьnъmь (instrumental singular)
pętьnomь (instrumental singular)
pętьnoma (dual instrumental)
pętьny (instrumental plural)
pętьně (locative singular)
pętьnu (dual locative)
pętьněxъ (locative plural)
pętьno (singular vocative)
pętьně (dual vocative)
pętьna (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: пѧтьно

desc

Old Ruthenian: пѧтно́ (pjatnó), петно́ (petnó)

Ukrainian: пя́тно́ (pjátnó), петьмо́ (petʹmó) (dialectal)

Russian: пятно́ (pjatnó)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Serbian Church Slavonic: пѧтьно

Bulgarian: петно́ (petnó)

West Slavic:

Old Polish: piątno
Polish: piętno


sьrdьčьnъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *sьrdьčьnъ (hard)

Definite declension of *sьrdьčьnъ (hard)

sьrdьčьnyję̇

sьrdьčьnyję̇

sьrdьčьnyję̇

sьrdьčьnyję̇

sьrdьčьnyję̇

sьrdьčьnъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
sьrdьčьna (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
sьrdьčьno (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
sьrdьčьna (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
sьrdьčьny (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
sьrdьčьna (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
sьrdьčьnu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
sьrdьčьně (dative feminine indefinite singular)
sьrdьčьnu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
sьrdьčьnъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
sьrdьčьnǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
sьrdьčьno (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
sьrdьčьnomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
sьrdьčьnojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
sьrdьčьnomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
sьrdьčьně (indefinite locative masculine singular)
sьrdьčьně (feminine indefinite locative singular)
sьrdьčьně (indefinite locative neuter singular)
sьrdьčьne (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
sьrdьčьno (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
sьrdьčьno (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
sьrdьčьna (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
sьrdьčьně (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
sьrdьčьně (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
sьrdьčьnu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
sьrdьčьnu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
sьrdьčьnu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
sьrdьčьnoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
sьrdьčьnama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
sьrdьčьnoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
sьrdьčьna (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
sьrdьčьně (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
sьrdьčьně (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
sьrdьčьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
sьrdьčьnama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
sьrdьčьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
sьrdьčьnu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
sьrdьčьnu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
sьrdьčьnu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
sьrdьčьna (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
sьrdьčьně (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
sьrdьčьně (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
sьrdьčьni (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
sьrdьčьny (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
sьrdьčьna (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
sьrdьčьnъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
sьrdьčьnъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
sьrdьčьnъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
sьrdьčьnomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
sьrdьčьnamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
sьrdьčьnomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
sьrdьčьny (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
sьrdьčьny (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
sьrdьčьna (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
sьrdьčьny (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
sьrdьčьnami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
sьrdьčьny (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
sьrdьčьněxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
sьrdьčьnaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
sьrdьčьněxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
sьrdьčьni (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
sьrdьčьny (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
sьrdьčьna (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
sьrdьčьnъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
sьrdьčьnaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
sьrdьčьnoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
sьrdьčьnajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
sьrdьčьnyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
sьrdьčьnajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
sьrdьčьnujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
sьrdьčьněji (dative definite feminine singular)
sьrdьčьnujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
sьrdьčьnъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
sьrdьčьnǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
sьrdьčьnoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
sьrdьčьnyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
sьrdьčьnǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
sьrdьčьnyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
sьrdьčьnějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
sьrdьčьněji (definite feminine locative singular)
sьrdьčьnějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
sьrdьčьnъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
sьrdьčьnaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
sьrdьčьnoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
sьrdьčьnaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
sьrdьčьněji (definite dual feminine nominative)
sьrdьčьněji (definite dual neuter nominative)
sьrdьčьnuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
sьrdьčьnuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
sьrdьčьnuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
sьrdьčьnyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
sьrdьčьnyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
sьrdьčьnyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
sьrdьčьnaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
sьrdьčьněji (accusative definite dual feminine)
sьrdьčьněji (accusative definite dual neuter)
sьrdьčьnyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
sьrdьčьnyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
sьrdьčьnyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
sьrdьčьnuju (definite dual locative masculine)
sьrdьčьnuju (definite dual feminine locative)
sьrdьčьnuju (definite dual locative neuter)
sьrdьčьnaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
sьrdьčьněji (definite dual feminine vocative)
sьrdьčьněji (definite dual neuter vocative)
sьrdьčьniji (definite masculine nominative plural)
sьrdьčьnyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
sьrdьčьnaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
sьrdьčьnъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
sьrdьčьnъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
sьrdьčьnъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
sьrdьčьnyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
sьrdьčьnyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
sьrdьčьnyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
sьrdьčьnyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
sьrdьčьnyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
sьrdьčьnaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
sьrdьčьnyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
sьrdьčьnyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
sьrdьčьnyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
sьrdьčьnyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
sьrdьčьnyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
sьrdьčьnyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
sьrdьčьniji (definite masculine plural vocative)
sьrdьčьnyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
sьrdьčьnaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

be:Аляксандр Мікалаевіч Булыка
uk:Гринчишин Дмитро Григорович

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: сьрдьчьнъ (sĭrdĭčĭnŭ), сердечьнъ (serdečĭnŭ)

Old Ruthenian: серде́чный (serdéčnyj)

Belarusian: сардэ́чны (sardéčny)

Ukrainian: серде́чний (serdéčnyj)

Russian: серде́чный (serdéčnyj)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: сърдѐчен (sǎrdèčen)

Macedonian: срдечен (srdečen)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ср̏да̄чан

Latin script: sȑdāčan

Slovene:

West Slavic:

Old Czech: srdečný

Czech: srdečný

Polish: serdeczny

Slovak: srdečný

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian:


poběda

pobě̀da (canonical feminine)
a (accent-paradigm)
poběda (nominative singular)
pobědě (dual nominative)
pobědy (nominative plural)
pobědy (genitive singular)
pobědu (dual genitive)
pobědъ (genitive plural)
pobědě (dative singular)
pobědama (dative dual)
pobědamъ (dative plural)
pobědǫ (accusative singular)
pobědě (accusative dual)
pobědy (accusative plural)
pobědojǫ (instrumental singular)
pobědǭ (instrumental singular)
pobědama (dual instrumental)
pobědamī (instrumental plural)
pobědě (locative singular)
pobědu (dual locative)
pobědasъ (locative plural)
pobědaxъ (locative plural)
pobědo (singular vocative)
pobědě (dual vocative)
pobědy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: побѣ́да (pobě́da)

Old Ruthenian: побѣ́да (pobě́da), побе́да (pobéda)

Carpathian Rusyn: побі́да (pobída)

Ukrainian: побі́да (pobída) (obsolete)

Middle Russian: побѣ́да (pobě́da)

Russian: побе́да (pobéda)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: побѣда (poběda)

Glagolitic script: ⱂⱁⰱⱑⰴⰰ (poběda)

Bulgarian: побе́да (pobéda)

Macedonian: победа (pobeda)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: по̏беда, по̏бједа

Latin script: pȍbeda, pȍbjeda

Deverbal from *poběditi (“to bring trouble, to overwhelm”), from *běda (“misfortune”).

deverbal

(by abstraction, possibly spread through Old Church Slavonic) triumph, victory

by abstraction; possibly spread through Old Church Slavonic; by abstraction; possibly spread through Old Church Slavonic


lysъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *lysъ (hard)

Definite declension of *lysъ (hard)

lysъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
lysa (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
lyso (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
lysa (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
lysy (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
lysa (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
lysu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
lysě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
lysu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
lysъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
lysǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
lyso (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
lysomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
lysojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
lysomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
lysě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
lysě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
lysě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
lyse (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
lyso (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
lyso (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
lysa (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
lysě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
lysě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
lysu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
lysu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
lysu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
lysoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
lysama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
lysoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
lysa (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
lysě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
lysě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
lysoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
lysama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
lysoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
lysu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
lysu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
lysu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
lysa (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
lysě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
lysě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
lysi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
lysy (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
lysa (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
lysъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
lysъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
lysъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
lysomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
lysamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
lysomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
lysy (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
lysy (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
lysa (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
lysy (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
lysami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
lysy (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
lysěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
lysaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
lysěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
lysi (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
lysy (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
lysa (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
lysъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
lysaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
lysoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
lysajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
lysyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
lysajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
lysujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
lysěji (dative definite feminine singular)
lysujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
lysъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
lysǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
lysoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
lysyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
lysǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
lysyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
lysějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
lysěji (definite feminine locative singular)
lysějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
lysъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
lysaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
lysoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
lysaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
lysěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
lysěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
lysuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
lysuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
lysuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
lysyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
lysyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
lysyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
lysaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
lysěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
lysěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
lysyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
lysyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
lysyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
lysuju (definite dual locative masculine)
lysuju (definite dual feminine locative)
lysuju (definite dual locative neuter)
lysaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
lysěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
lysěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
lysiji (definite masculine nominative plural)
lysyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
lysaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
lysъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
lysъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
lysъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
lysyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
lysyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
lysyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
lysyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
lysyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
lysaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
lysyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
lysyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
lysyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
lysyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
lysyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
lysyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
lysiji (definite masculine plural vocative)
lysyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
lysaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: лꙑсъ (lysŭ), лꙑсꙑи (lysyi)

Old Ruthenian: лы́сый (lýsyj)

Belarusian: лы́сы (lýsy); лы́сый (lýsyj), лэ́сы (lésy) (dialectal)

Carpathian Rusyn: лы́сый (lŷ́sŷj)

Ukrainian: ли́сий (lýsyj)

Russian: лы́сый (lýsyj)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: лис (lis)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: lysý

Czech: lysý

Kashubian: łësy

Polish: łysy

Old Slovak: lysý

Pannonian Rusyn: лиси (lisi)

Slovak: lysý

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lewk-, related to *luna and *lučь.


skytati

sę (romanization)
skytanьje (noun-from-verb)
skytati (infinitive)
skytatъ (supine)
skytalъ (l-participle)
skytanъ (participle passive past)
skytajemъ (participle passive present)
skytavъ (active participle past)
skytaję (active participle present)
skytaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
skyta (aorist second-person singular)
skyta (aorist singular third-person)
skytajǫ (first-person present singular)
skytaješi (present second-person singular)
skytajetь (present singular third-person)
skytaxově (aorist dual first-person)
skytasta (aorist dual second-person)
skytaste (aorist dual third-person)
skytajevě (dual first-person present)
skytajeta (dual present second-person)
skytajete (dual present third-person)
skytaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
skytaste (aorist plural second-person)
skytašę (aorist plural third-person)
skytajemъ (first-person plural present)
skytajete (plural present second-person)
skytajǫtь (plural present third-person)
skytaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
skytaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
skytaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
skytaji (imperative second-person singular)
skytaji (imperative singular third-person)
skytaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
skytaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
skytaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
skytajivě (dual first-person imperative)
skytajita (dual imperative second-person)
skytaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
skytaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
skytaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
skytajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
skytajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic

Old East Slavic: скꙑтати сѧ

Russian: скита́ться (skitátʹsja)

Ukrainian: скита́тися (skytátysja)

South Slavic

Old Church Slavonic:

Serbian Church Slavonic: скꙑтати сѧ

Bulgarian: ски́там (skítam)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ски́тати

Latin script: skítati

Slovene: skítati sе (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: skýtati, skýsti

Czech: skýtat

Cognate with Lithuanian kutė́ti (“to shake”), Proto-Germanic *skundijaną (“to accelerate”). Probably from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewt- (“to shake, rattle”).


žьrdь

žьrdь (nominative singular)
žьrdi (dual nominative)
žьrdi (nominative plural)
žьrdi (genitive singular)
žьrdьju (dual genitive)
žьrďu (dual genitive)
žьrdьjь (genitive plural)
žьrdi (genitive plural)
žьrdi (dative singular)
žьrdьma (dative dual)
žьrdьmъ (dative plural)
žьrdь (accusative singular)
žьrdi (accusative dual)
žьrdi (accusative plural)
žьrdьjǫ (instrumental singular)
žьrďǫ (instrumental singular)
žьrdьma (dual instrumental)
žьrdьmi (instrumental plural)
žьrdi (locative singular)
žьrdьju (dual locative)
žьrďu (dual locative)
žьrdьxъ (locative plural)
žьrdi (singular vocative)
žьrdi (dual vocative)
žьrdi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: жерздь (žjerzdʹ)

Russian: жердь (žerdʹ) (dialectally же́редь (žéredʹ))

⇒ Ukrainian: же́рдка (žérdka)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: жрьдь (žrĭdĭ)

Bulgarian: жерд (žerd), жърть (žǎrtʹ) (obsolete)

⇒ же́рда f (žérda, “beam, bar”) (dialectal)

Slovene: žȓd (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: žrd

Czech: žerď

Moravian (Mistřice): žrť

Old Polish: żerdź

Polish: żerdź

Slovak: žrď

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: zsorda (“rod”)

→ Romanian: joardă (“rod, stick”)

→ Proto-Finnic: *hirci (see there for further descendants)


nyně

East Slavic:

Russian: ныне (nyne)

Ukrainian: нині (nyni)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: нꙑнѣ (nyně)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: nynie

Czech: nyní

Old Polish: ninie

⇒ Polish: niniejszy


trǫtiti

trǫťenьje (noun-from-verb)
trǫtiti (infinitive)
trǫtitъ (supine)
trǫtilъ (l-participle)
trǫťenъ (participle passive past)
trǫtimъ (participle passive present)
trǫťь (active participle past)
trǫtę (active participle present)
trǫtixъ (aorist first-person singular)
trǫti (aorist second-person singular)
trǫti (aorist singular third-person)
trǫťǫ (first-person present singular)
trǫtiši (present second-person singular)
trǫtitь (present singular third-person)
trǫtixově (aorist dual first-person)
trǫtista (aorist dual second-person)
trǫtiste (aorist dual third-person)
trǫtivě (dual first-person present)
trǫtita (dual present second-person)
trǫtite (dual present third-person)
trǫtixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
trǫtiste (aorist plural second-person)
trǫtišę (aorist plural third-person)
trǫtimъ (first-person plural present)
trǫtite (plural present second-person)
trǫtętь (plural present third-person)
trǫťaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
trǫťaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
trǫťaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
trǫti (imperative second-person singular)
trǫti (imperative singular third-person)
trǫťaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
trǫťaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
trǫťaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
trǫtivě (dual first-person imperative)
trǫtita (dual imperative second-person)
trǫťaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
trǫťaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
trǫťaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
trǫtimъ (first-person imperative plural)
trǫtite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic

desc

⇒ Old East Slavic: потручати (potručati)

Russian: трути́ть (trutítʹ)

Ukrainian: тру́тити (trútyty)

South Slavic

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тру̏ħити

Latin script: tručiti

West Slavic

Czech: troutit

Old Polish: trącić
Polish: trącić

Non-Slavic

→ Albanian: trondit

→ Romanian: trânti


čeznǫti

East Slavic

Belarusian: че́знуць (čjéznucʹ)

⇒ Russian: исчезнуть (isčeznutʹ)

Carpathian Rusyn: ще́знуц (ščéznuc)

Ukrainian: ще́знути (ščéznuty)

South Slavic

Old Church Slavonic: чезнѫти (čeznǫti)

Bulgarian: че́зна (čézna)

⇒ Bulgarian: изчезна (izčezna)

⇒ Macedonian: исчезне (isčezne)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чезнути

Latin script: čeznuti

West Slavic

Polish: czeznąć (obsolete)

⇒ Polish: sczeznąć

Related to *kaziti. If related to Latin conquinisco (“to squat, crouch down”), quaccola (“quail”), Frankish *hwahtlā (“quail”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kʷeǵ⁽ʰ⁾- (“to flee”).


viniti

viňenьje (noun-from-verb)
viniti (infinitive)
vinitъ (supine)
vinilъ (l-participle)
viňenъ (participle passive past)
vinimъ (participle passive present)
viňь (active participle past)
vinę (active participle present)
vinixъ (aorist first-person singular)
vini (aorist second-person singular)
vini (aorist singular third-person)
viňǫ (first-person present singular)
viniši (present second-person singular)
vinitь (present singular third-person)
vinixově (aorist dual first-person)
vinista (aorist dual second-person)
viniste (aorist dual third-person)
vinivě (dual first-person present)
vinita (dual present second-person)
vinite (dual present third-person)
vinixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
viniste (aorist plural second-person)
vinišę (aorist plural third-person)
vinimъ (first-person plural present)
vinite (plural present second-person)
vinętь (plural present third-person)
viňaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
viňaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
viňaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
vini (imperative second-person singular)
vini (imperative singular third-person)
viňaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
viňaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
viňaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
vinivě (dual first-person imperative)
vinita (dual imperative second-person)
viňaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
viňaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
viňaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
vinimъ (first-person imperative plural)
vinite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: винити (viniti)

Ukrainian: вини́ти (vynýty)

Russian: вини́ть (vinítʹ)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: виня́ (vinjá)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: viniti

Czech: vinit

Polish: winić

Slovak: viniť


řutiti

řuťenьje (noun-from-verb)
řutiti (infinitive)
řutitъ (supine)
řutilъ (l-participle)
řuťenъ (participle passive past)
řutimъ (participle passive present)
řuťь (active participle past)
řutę (active participle present)
řutixъ (aorist first-person singular)
řuti (aorist second-person singular)
řuti (aorist singular third-person)
řuťǫ (first-person present singular)
řutiši (present second-person singular)
řutitь (present singular third-person)
řutixově (aorist dual first-person)
řutista (aorist dual second-person)
řutiste (aorist dual third-person)
řutivě (dual first-person present)
řutita (dual present second-person)
řutite (dual present third-person)
řutixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
řutiste (aorist plural second-person)
řutišę (aorist plural third-person)
řutimъ (first-person plural present)
řutite (plural present second-person)
řutętь (plural present third-person)
řuťaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
řuťaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
řuťaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
řuti (imperative second-person singular)
řuti (imperative singular third-person)
řuťaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
řuťaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
řuťaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
řutivě (dual first-person imperative)
řutita (dual imperative second-person)
řuťaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
řuťaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
řuťaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
řutimъ (first-person imperative plural)
řutite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic

desc

Old East Slavic: рутити (rutiti), рютити (rjutiti)

Russian: рути́ть (rutítʹ), рю́тить (rjútitʹ)

South Slavic

Bulgarian: ру́тя (rútja), ру́тя се (rútja se)

Slovene: rutíti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic

Old Czech: řútiti sě

Czech: routit, řítit se

desctree

Old Polish: rzucić
Polish: rzucić
Silesian: rzucić

Old Slovak: rútiť

Slovak: rútiť

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: rzëcëc

Slovincian: rzëcëc

Denominative causative derived from (sparsely attested) *řutь (“ripple”) + *-iti or another unattested derivative of *řuti ~ *ruti (“to rupture, to separate”). Furhter origin disputed: has been linked to Proto-Indo-European *h₃rew- (“to cast”) and *(H)rewH- (“to rip, to dig”). Akin to Latin ruō and Middle High German riuten.

(transitive) to drop, to cast, to scatter

večerъ sę rutitь

(reflexive) (+ *sę) to fall, to collapse


těnь

těnь (nominative singular)
těni (dual nominative)
těni (nominative plural)
těni (genitive singular)
těnьju (dual genitive)
těnьjь (genitive plural)
těni (dative singular)
těnьma (dative dual)
těnьmъ (dative plural)
těnь (accusative singular)
těni (accusative dual)
těni (accusative plural)
těnьjǫ (instrumental singular)
těnьma (dual instrumental)
těnьmi (instrumental plural)
těni (locative singular)
těnьju (dual locative)
těnьxъ (locative plural)
těni (singular vocative)
těni (dual vocative)
těni (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: тѣнь (těnĭ)

Belarusian: цень (cjenʹ)

Russian: тень (tenʹ)

Ukrainian: тінь (tinʹ)

Carpathian Rusyn: тїнь (tjinʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: тѣня (těnja)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тење, тијење

Latin script: tenje, tijenje

Slovene: tẹ́njа (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: stien

Czech: stín

Kashubian: céń, ceniô

Old Polish: cień

Polish: cień

Slovak: tieň

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: śěń

Probably a contamination between Proto-Slavic *tьmьnъ and Proto-Slavic *sěnь.


xvaliti

poxvaliti (perfective)
xvaľenьje (noun-from-verb)
xvaliti (infinitive)
xvalitъ (supine)
xvalilъ (l-participle)
xvaľenъ (participle passive past)
xvalimъ (participle passive present)
xvaľь (active participle past)
xvalę (active participle present)
xvalixъ (aorist first-person singular)
xvali (aorist second-person singular)
xvali (aorist singular third-person)
xvaľǫ (first-person present singular)
xvališi (present second-person singular)
xvalitь (present singular third-person)
xvalixově (aorist dual first-person)
xvalista (aorist dual second-person)
xvaliste (aorist dual third-person)
xvalivě (dual first-person present)
xvalita (dual present second-person)
xvalite (dual present third-person)
xvalixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
xvaliste (aorist plural second-person)
xvališę (aorist plural third-person)
xvalimъ (first-person plural present)
xvalite (plural present second-person)
xvalętь (plural present third-person)
xvaľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
xvaľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
xvaľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
xvali (imperative second-person singular)
xvali (imperative singular third-person)
xvaľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
xvaľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
xvaľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
xvalivě (dual first-person imperative)
xvalita (dual imperative second-person)
xvaľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
xvaľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
xvaľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
xvalimъ (first-person imperative plural)
xvalite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: хвалити (xvaliti)

Old Ruthenian: хвали́ти (xvalíti)

Belarusian: хвалі́ць (xvalícʹ)

(Turov): хвалі́ць (xvalícʹ)

(Northwestern Belarus): хвалі́ць (xvalícʹ)

Ukrainian: хвали́ти (xvalýty)

Russian: хвали́ть (xvalítʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: хвалити (xvaliti)

Glagolitic script: ⱈⰲⰰⰾⰻⱅⰻ (xvaliti)

Bulgarian: хваля (hvalja)

Macedonian: фали (fali)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: хва́лити

Latin script: hváliti

Slovene: hvalīti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: chváliti

Czech: chválit

Polabian: xolĕ (3rd singular)

Old Polish: chwalić

Polish: chwalić

Slovak: chváliť

Slovincian: chwalëc

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: chwalić

Lower Sorbian: chwaliś

Unknown. Two explanations are proposed:
* From *xyliti (“to bow, to bend; to prod, to prompt”) (for stem alternation compare *k-y-siti : *k-va-sъ)
* From *xvala + *-iti (see noun for further etymology)

be:Аляксандр Мікалаевіч Булыка
uk:Німчук Василь Васильович
uk:Тимченко Євген Костянтинович


šьpъtati

šьpъtanьje (noun-from-verb)
šьpъtati (infinitive)
šьpъtatъ (supine)
šьpъtalъ (l-participle)
šьpъtanъ (participle passive past)
šьpъťemъ (participle passive present)
šьpъtavъ (active participle past)
šьpъťę (active participle present)
šьpъtaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
šьpъta (aorist second-person singular)
šьpъta (aorist singular third-person)
šьpъťǫ (first-person present singular)
šьpъťeši (present second-person singular)
šьpъťetь (present singular third-person)
šьpъtaxově (aorist dual first-person)
šьpъtasta (aorist dual second-person)
šьpъtaste (aorist dual third-person)
šьpъťevě (dual first-person present)
šьpъťeta (dual present second-person)
šьpъťete (dual present third-person)
šьpъtaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
šьpъtaste (aorist plural second-person)
šьpъtašę (aorist plural third-person)
šьpъťemъ (first-person plural present)
šьpъťete (plural present second-person)
šьpъťǫtь (plural present third-person)
šьpъtaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
šьpъtaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
šьpъtaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
šьpъťi (imperative second-person singular)
šьpъťi (imperative singular third-person)
šьpъtaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
šьpъtaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
šьpъtaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
šьpъťivě (dual first-person imperative)
šьpъťita (dual imperative second-person)
šьpъtaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
šьpъtaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
šьpъtaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
šьpъťimъ (first-person imperative plural)
šьpъťite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: шаптаць (šaptacʹ)

Russian: шептать (šeptatʹ)

Ukrainian: шептати (šeptaty)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: шептя (šeptja)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: шаптати

Latin script: šaptati

Slovene: šepetáti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: šeptati

Czech: šeptat

Old Polish: szeptać

Polish: szeptać

Slovak: šерtаť

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: šерtаś

Upper Sorbian: šерtас́

Derived from *šьpъtъ. Ultimately, according to Vasmer, onomatopoeic.


kǫdrь

kǫdrь (nominative singular)
kǫdri (dual nominative)
kǫdrьje (nominative plural)
kǫdri (genitive singular)
kǫdrьju (dual genitive)
kǫdrьjь (genitive plural)
kǫdri (dative singular)
kǫdrьma (dative dual)
kǫdrьmъ (dative plural)
kǫdrь (accusative singular)
kǫdri (accusative dual)
kǫdri (accusative plural)
kǫdrьmь (instrumental singular)
kǫdrьma (dual instrumental)
kǫdrьmi (instrumental plural)
kǫdri (locative singular)
kǫdrьju (dual locative)
kǫdrьxъ (locative plural)
kǫdri (singular vocative)
kǫdri (dual vocative)
kǫdrьje (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Russian: куде́рь (kudérʹ), ку́дри (kúdri)

Ukrainian: ку́дер (kúder), куди́р (kudýr)

South Slavic:

⇒ Bulgarian: къ́дър (kǎ́dǎr), къдрица (kǎdrica)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кудар

Latin script: kudar

Slovene: kọ́dər (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: kadeř

⇒ Czech: kudrna

Old Polish: kędzierz

Polish: kędzior

Slovak: kader

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: kuźeŕ

Upper Sorbian: kudźer


mъrščiti

sę (romanization)
mъrščenьje (noun-from-verb)
mъrščiti (infinitive)
mъrščitъ (supine)
mъrščilъ (l-participle)
mъrščenъ (participle passive past)
mъrščimъ (participle passive present)
mъrščь (active participle past)
mъrščę (active participle present)
mъrščixъ (aorist first-person singular)
mъršči (aorist second-person singular)
mъršči (aorist singular third-person)
mъrščǫ (first-person present singular)
mъrščiši (present second-person singular)
mъrščitь (present singular third-person)
mъrščixově (aorist dual first-person)
mъrščista (aorist dual second-person)
mъrščiste (aorist dual third-person)
mъrščivě (dual first-person present)
mъrščita (dual present second-person)
mъrščite (dual present third-person)
mъrščixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
mъrščiste (aorist plural second-person)
mъrščišę (aorist plural third-person)
mъrščimъ (first-person plural present)
mъrščite (plural present second-person)
mъrščętь (plural present third-person)
mъrščaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
mъrščaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
mъrščaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
mъršči (imperative second-person singular)
mъršči (imperative singular third-person)
mъrščaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
mъrščaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
mъrščaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
mъrščivě (dual first-person imperative)
mъrščita (dual imperative second-person)
mъrščaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
mъrščaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
mъrščaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
mъrščimъ (first-person imperative plural)
mъrščite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic

⇒ Old East Slavic: съмърщенъ (sŭmŭrščenŭ)

Russian: мо́рщить (mórščitʹ)

Ukrainian: мо́рщити (mórščyty)

South Slavic

Bulgarian: мръ́щя (mrǎ́štja)

Macedonian: мршти (mršti)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: мр̀штити

Latin script: mr̀štiti

Slovene: mŕščiti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic

Old Czech: mrščiti

Czech: mrštit

Old Polish: marszczyć

Polish: marszczyć

Slovak: mrštiť

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: moršćić

(transitive) to crease, to wrinkle (to make a crease in)

(reflexive) to crease, to wrinkle (to undergo creasing, to form wrinkles)


skormъ

skormъ (nominative singular)
skorma (dual nominative)
skormi (nominative plural)
skorma (genitive singular)
skormu (dual genitive)
skormъ (genitive plural)
skormu (dative singular)
skormoma (dative dual)
skormomъ (dative plural)
skormъ (accusative singular)
skorma (accusative dual)
skormy (accusative plural)
skormъmь (instrumental singular)
skormomь (instrumental singular)
skormoma (dual instrumental)
skormy (instrumental plural)
skormě (locative singular)
skormu (dual locative)
skorměxъ (locative plural)
skorme (singular vocative)
skorma (dual vocative)
skormi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: скоромъ (skoromŭ)

Belarusian: ско́ром (skórom) (obsolete)

Russian: ско́ром (skórom) (obsolete)

Ukrainian: ско́ром (skórom) (obsolete)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Russian Church Slavonic: скрамъ (skramŭ)

Bulgarian: скрам (skram)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: скра̏ма

Latin script: skrama

West Slavic:

Polish: skrom (obsolete)


torkъ

tȏrkъ (canonical masculine)
torkъ (nominative singular)
torka (dual nominative)
torci (nominative plural)
torka (genitive singular)
torku (dual genitive)
torkъ (genitive plural)
torku (dative singular)
torkoma (dative dual)
torkomъ (dative plural)
torkъ (accusative singular)
torka (accusative dual)
torky (accusative plural)
torkъmь (instrumental singular)
torkomь (instrumental singular)
torkoma (dual instrumental)
torky (instrumental plural)
torcě (locative singular)
torku (dual locative)
torcěxъ (locative plural)
torče (singular vocative)
torka (dual vocative)
torci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: торокъ (torokŭ)

Russian: торока́ (toroká)

Ukrainian: то́рок (tórok)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: трак (trak)

Macedonian: трака (traka)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тра̏ка

Latin script: trȁka

Slovene: trȃk (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: trak

Old Polish: trok

Polish: trok

Slovak: trak

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: trok

Upper Sorbian: trok

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *tоrkʷ-ós, from the root *terkʷ- (“to turn, spin”). Akin to Albanian tjerr (“I spin”), Latin torqueō (“I twist”), Latvian tę̄rkа, Old Prussian tarkue and Sanskrit तर्कु (tarkú, “spindle”).