čitavъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *čitavъ (hard)

Definite declension of *čitavъ (hard)

čitavъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
čitava (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
čitavo (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
čitava (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
čitavy (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
čitava (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
čitavu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
čitavě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
čitavu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
čitavъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
čitavǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
čitavo (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
čitavomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
čitavojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
čitavomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
čitavě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
čitavě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
čitavě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
čitave (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
čitavo (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
čitavo (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
čitava (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
čitavě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
čitavě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
čitavu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
čitavu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
čitavu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
čitavoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
čitavama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
čitavoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
čitava (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
čitavě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
čitavě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
čitavoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
čitavama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
čitavoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
čitavu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
čitavu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
čitavu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
čitava (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
čitavě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
čitavě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
čitavi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
čitavy (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
čitava (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
čitavъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
čitavъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
čitavъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
čitavomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
čitavamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
čitavomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
čitavy (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
čitavy (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
čitava (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
čitavy (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
čitavami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
čitavy (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
čitavěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
čitavaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
čitavěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
čitavi (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
čitavy (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
čitava (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
čitavъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
čitavaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
čitavoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
čitavajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
čitavyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
čitavajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
čitavujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
čitavěji (dative definite feminine singular)
čitavujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
čitavъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
čitavǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
čitavoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
čitavyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
čitavǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
čitavyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
čitavějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
čitavěji (definite feminine locative singular)
čitavějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
čitavъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
čitavaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
čitavoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
čitavaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
čitavěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
čitavěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
čitavuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
čitavuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
čitavuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
čitavyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
čitavyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
čitavyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
čitavaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
čitavěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
čitavěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
čitavyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
čitavyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
čitavyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
čitavuju (definite dual locative masculine)
čitavuju (definite dual feminine locative)
čitavuju (definite dual locative neuter)
čitavaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
čitavěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
čitavěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
čitaviji (definite masculine nominative plural)
čitavyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
čitavaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
čitavъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
čitavъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
čitavъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
čitavyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
čitavyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
čitavyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
čitavyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
čitavyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
čitavaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
čitavyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
čitavyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
čitavyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
čitavyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
čitavyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
čitavyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
čitaviji (definite masculine plural vocative)
čitavyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
čitavaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Ukrainian: чи́тавий (čýtavyj, “strong, great”) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: чи́тав (čítav, “wholesome, whole, intact; dial. pure”)

Macedonian: читав (čitav, “whole, intact”)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чи̏тав (“whole, total, overall”)

Latin script: čȉtav (“whole, total, overall”)

From *čitъ + *-avъ, possibly related to Proto-Slavic *cělъ (“whole”) and less likely to Proto-Slavic *čisti (“to read, to count”). In some dialects (e.g. Bulgarian), the outcome of *čitavъ has become partially synonymous with the outcome of *čistъ (“clean, pure”).


čitъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *čitъ (hard)

Definite declension of *čitъ (hard)

čitъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
čita (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
čito (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
čita (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
čity (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
čita (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
čitu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
čitě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
čitu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
čitъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
čitǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
čito (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
čitomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
čitojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
čitomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
čitě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
čitě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
čitě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
čite (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
čito (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
čito (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
čita (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
čitě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
čitě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
čitu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
čitu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
čitu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
čitoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
čitama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
čitoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
čita (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
čitě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
čitě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
čitoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
čitama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
čitoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
čitu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
čitu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
čitu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
čita (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
čitě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
čitě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
čiti (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
čity (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
čita (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
čitъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
čitъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
čitъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
čitomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
čitamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
čitomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
čity (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
čity (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
čita (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
čity (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
čitami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
čity (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
čitěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
čitaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
čitěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
čiti (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
čity (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
čita (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
čitъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
čitaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
čitoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
čitajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
čityję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
čitajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
čitujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
čitěji (dative definite feminine singular)
čitujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
čitъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
čitǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
čitoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
čityjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
čitǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
čityjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
čitějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
čitěji (definite feminine locative singular)
čitějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
čitъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
čitaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
čitoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
čitaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
čitěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
čitěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
čituju (definite dual genitive masculine)
čituju (definite dual feminine genitive)
čituju (definite dual genitive neuter)
čityjima (dative definite dual masculine)
čityjima (dative definite dual feminine)
čityjima (dative definite dual neuter)
čitaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
čitěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
čitěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
čityjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
čityjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
čityjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
čituju (definite dual locative masculine)
čituju (definite dual feminine locative)
čituju (definite dual locative neuter)
čitaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
čitěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
čitěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
čitiji (definite masculine nominative plural)
čityję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
čitaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
čitъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
čitъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
čitъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
čityjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
čityjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
čityjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
čityję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
čityję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
čitaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
čityjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
čityjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
čityjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
čityjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
čityjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
čityjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
čitiji (definite masculine plural vocative)
čityję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
čitaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: чы́ты (čýty, “sober”) (dialectal)

Russian: чи́тый (čítyj, “sober”) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чи̏ти

Latin script: čȉt

Possibly from Proto-Balto-Slavic *keiˀtas, cognate with Lithuanian kíetas (“hard, rigid”), Latvian ciêts (“solid”), Albanian citë (“full”).


tьrpěti

tьrpě̀ti (canonical imperfective)
c (accent-paradigm)
tьrpěnьje (noun-from-verb)
tьrpěti (infinitive)
tьrpětъ (supine)
tьrpělъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
tьrpěnъ (participle passive past)
tьrpimъ (participle passive present)
tьrpěvъ (active participle past)
tьrpę (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
tьrpěxъ (aorist first-person singular)
tьrpě (aorist second-person singular)
tьrpě (aorist singular third-person)
tьrpľǫ (first-person present singular)
tьrpiši (present second-person singular)
tьrpitь (present singular third-person)
tьrpěxově (aorist dual first-person)
tьrpěsta (aorist dual second-person)
tьrpěste (aorist dual third-person)
tьrpivě (dual first-person present)
tьrpita (dual present second-person)
tьrpite (dual present third-person)
tьrpěxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
tьrpěste (aorist plural second-person)
tьrpěšę (aorist plural third-person)
tьrpimъ (first-person plural present)
tьrpite (plural present second-person)
tьrpętь (plural present third-person)
tьrpěaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
tьrpěaše (imperfect second-person singular)
tьrpěaše (imperfect singular third-person)
tьrpi (imperative second-person singular)
tьrpi (imperative singular third-person)
tьrpěaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
tьrpěašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
tьrpěašete (dual imperfect third-person)
tьrpivě (dual first-person imperative)
tьrpita (dual imperative second-person)
tьrpěaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
tьrpěašete (imperfect plural second-person)
tьrpěaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
tьrpimъ (first-person imperative plural)
tьrpite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: тьрпѣти (tĭrpěti)

Belarusian: цярпе́ць (cjarpjécʹ)

Russian: терпе́ть (terpétʹ)

Ukrainian: терпі́ти (terpíty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: трьпѣти (trĭpěti)

Bulgarian: търпя́ (tǎrpjá)

Macedonian: трпи (trpi)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic: тр́пети, тр́пјети

Latin: tŕpeti, tŕpjeti

Slovene: trpẹ́ti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: trpěti

Czech: trpět

desctree

Old Polish: cierpieć
Polish: cierpieć
Silesian: ciyrpieć

Slovak: trpieť

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: śerpeś

Upper Sorbian: ćerpjeć

Non-Slavic:

→ Albanian: *tërpis

Albanian: tërpi

According to most sources, related to *tьrnǫti (> Old Church Slavonic оутрьпоста (utrĭposta)) and Lithuanian tir̃pti, Latin torpeō, thus inherited from Proto-Indo-European *ster- (“stiff”).
Alternatively, some have suggested that it is inherited from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥p-éh₁-(ye)-ti, eh₁-stative of *terp- (“to satisfy”). Compare Hindi तड़पना (taṛapnā, “to be restless”).


strastь

strȃstь (canonical feminine)
c (accent-paradigm)
strȃstь (nominative singular)
strȃsti (dual nominative)
strȃsti (nominative plural)
strastí (genitive singular)
strastьjù (dual genitive)
strastь̀jь (genitive plural)
strȃsti (dative singular)
strastьmà (dative dual)
strȃstьmъ (dative plural)
strȃstь (accusative singular)
strȃsti (accusative dual)
strȃsti (accusative plural)
strastьjǫ́ (instrumental singular)
strastьmà (dual instrumental)
strastьmì (instrumental plural)
strastí (locative singular)
strastьjù (dual locative)
strȃstьxъ (locative plural)
strasti (singular vocative)
strȃsti (dual vocative)
strȃsti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: страсть (strastĭ)

Belarusian: страсць (strascʹ)

Russian: страсть (strastʹ)

Ukrainian: страсть (strastʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: страсть (strastĭ)

Bulgarian: страст (strast)

Macedonian: страст (strast)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: стра̑ст

Latin script: strȃst

Slovene: strȃst (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: strast

Slovak: strasť


osъpa

osъpa (nominative singular)
osъpě (dual nominative)
osъpy (nominative plural)
osъpy (genitive singular)
osъpu (dual genitive)
osъpъ (genitive plural)
osъpě (dative singular)
osъpama (dative dual)
osъpamъ (dative plural)
osъpǫ (accusative singular)
osъpě (accusative dual)
osъpy (accusative plural)
osъpojǫ (instrumental singular)
osъpǫ (instrumental singular)
osъpama (dual instrumental)
osъpami (instrumental plural)
osъpě (locative singular)
osъpu (dual locative)
osъpasъ (locative plural)
osъpaxъ (locative plural)
osъpo (singular vocative)
osъpě (dual vocative)
osъpy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: осъпа (osŭpa)

Belarusian: во́спа (vóspa)

Russian: о́спа (óspa)

Ukrainian: ві́спа (víspa)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: осъпа (osŭpa)

Bulgarian: о́спа (óspa)

Macedonian:

Serbo-Croatian: о̏спа / ȍspa

⇒ Serbo-Croatian: о̏спице / ȍspice

⇒ Slovene: óspice

West Slavic:

Czech:

Polish: ospa

Slovak:

⇒ Slovak: osýpky

Sorbian:

⇒ Lower Sorbian: wospica

⇒ Upper Sorbian: wospica

From *osuti (“to secrete, to pour”) + *-a.


o(b)tekъ

otekъ (canonical masculine)
otekъ (nominative singular)
obtekъ (nominative singular)
oteka (dual nominative)
obteka (dual nominative)
oteci (nominative plural)
obteci (nominative plural)
oteka (genitive singular)
obteka (genitive singular)
oteku (dual genitive)
obteku (dual genitive)
otekъ (genitive plural)
obtekъ (genitive plural)
oteku (dative singular)
obteku (dative singular)
otekoma (dative dual)
obtekoma (dative dual)
otekomъ (dative plural)
obtekomъ (dative plural)
otekъ (accusative singular)
obtekъ (accusative singular)
oteka (accusative dual)
obteka (accusative dual)
oteky (accusative plural)
obteky (accusative plural)
otekъmь (instrumental singular)
obtekъmь (instrumental singular)
otekomь (instrumental singular)
obtekomь (instrumental singular)
otekoma (dual instrumental)
obtekoma (dual instrumental)
oteky (instrumental plural)
obteky (instrumental plural)
otecě (locative singular)
obtecě (locative singular)
oteku (dual locative)
obteku (dual locative)
otecěxъ (locative plural)
obtecěxъ (locative plural)
oteče (singular vocative)
obteče (singular vocative)
oteka (dual vocative)
obteka (dual vocative)
oteci (plural vocative)
obteci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: отекъ (otekŭ)

Belarusian: ацёк (acjók)

Russian: о́тек (ótek), отёк (otjók)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: о́тик (ótik) (dialectal, archaic)

desc

⇒ Bulgarian: отичане (otičane, “swelling”) (standard)

Serbo-Croatian::

Cyrillic script: отек (rare)

Latin script: otek (rare)

Slovene: otèk, obtèk

West Slavic:

Polish: ociek

Slovak: oťek

Resultant noun of *o(b)tekti (“to outflow; to sediment, to bulk, to swell”) + *-ъ or equivalently from *ob- + *tekъ.


o(b)tokъ

otòkъ (canonical masculine)
otokъ (nominative singular)
obtokъ (nominative singular)
otoka (dual nominative)
obtoka (dual nominative)
otoci (nominative plural)
obtoci (nominative plural)
otoka (genitive singular)
obtoka (genitive singular)
otoku (dual genitive)
obtoku (dual genitive)
otokъ (genitive plural)
obtokъ (genitive plural)
otoku (dative singular)
obtoku (dative singular)
otokoma (dative dual)
obtokoma (dative dual)
otokomъ (dative plural)
obtokomъ (dative plural)
otokъ (accusative singular)
obtokъ (accusative singular)
otoka (accusative dual)
obtoka (accusative dual)
otoky (accusative plural)
obtoky (accusative plural)
otokъmь (instrumental singular)
obtokъmь (instrumental singular)
otokomь (instrumental singular)
obtokomь (instrumental singular)
otokoma (dual instrumental)
obtokoma (dual instrumental)
otoky (instrumental plural)
obtoky (instrumental plural)
otocě (locative singular)
obtocě (locative singular)
otoku (dual locative)
obtoku (dual locative)
otocěxъ (locative plural)
obtocěxъ (locative plural)
otoče (singular vocative)
obtoče (singular vocative)
otoka (dual vocative)
obtoka (dual vocative)
otoci (plural vocative)
obtoci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: обтокъ (obtokŭ), отокъ (otokŭ) (XII-XIII cent.)

Belarusian: ато́ка f (atóka)

Russian: ото́к (otók) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: обтік (obtik), gen. обтоку (obtoku)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: отокъ (otokŭ, “island”)

Bulgarian: ото́к (otók); ото́ка f (otóka), обто́ка f (obtóka, “drainage, spout, furrow, liner”) (dialectal)

Macedonian: оптока f (optoka, “liner”) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian::

Cyrillic script: о̀ток m (rare), о̀птока f (“liner; sediments”) (dialectal)

Latin script: òtоk m (rare), òptoka f (“liner;, sediments”) (dialectal)

Slovene: ótok

West Slavic:

Polish: otok m, otoka f

Slovak: obtok

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: wótok

island, deposition of sediments within a stream


o(b)tokъ

otokъ (canonical masculine)
otokъ (nominative singular)
obtokъ (nominative singular)
otoka (dual nominative)
obtoka (dual nominative)
otoci (nominative plural)
obtoci (nominative plural)
otoka (genitive singular)
obtoka (genitive singular)
otoku (dual genitive)
obtoku (dual genitive)
otokъ (genitive plural)
obtokъ (genitive plural)
otoku (dative singular)
obtoku (dative singular)
otokoma (dative dual)
obtokoma (dative dual)
otokomъ (dative plural)
obtokomъ (dative plural)
otokъ (accusative singular)
obtokъ (accusative singular)
otoka (accusative dual)
obtoka (accusative dual)
otoky (accusative plural)
obtoky (accusative plural)
otokъmь (instrumental singular)
obtokъmь (instrumental singular)
otokomь (instrumental singular)
obtokomь (instrumental singular)
otokoma (dual instrumental)
obtokoma (dual instrumental)
otoky (instrumental plural)
obtoky (instrumental plural)
otocě (locative singular)
obtocě (locative singular)
otoku (dual locative)
obtoku (dual locative)
otocěxъ (locative plural)
obtocěxъ (locative plural)
otoče (singular vocative)
obtoče (singular vocative)
otoka (dual vocative)
obtoka (dual vocative)
otoci (plural vocative)
obtoci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: отокъ (otokŭ) (perhaps from Old Church Slavonic)

Ukrainian: отік (otik, “pus”), gen. отоку (otoku)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: отокъ (otokŭ)

Bulgarian: о́ток (ótok)

Macedonian: оток (otok)

Serbo-Croatian::

Cyrillic script: о̏ток

Latin script: ȍtok

Slovene: otȍk

West Slavic:

Czech: otok

Resultant o-grade noun of *o(b)tekti (“to outflow; to sediment, to swell, to tumefy”) + *-ъ. ESSJa treats it as equivalent to Etymology 1.


měžiti

měženьje (noun-from-verb)
měžiti (infinitive)
měžitъ (supine)
měžilъ (l-participle)
měženъ (participle passive past)
měžimъ (participle passive present)
měžь (active participle past)
měžę (active participle present)
měžixъ (aorist first-person singular)
měži (aorist second-person singular)
měži (aorist singular third-person)
měžǫ (first-person present singular)
měžiši (present second-person singular)
měžitь (present singular third-person)
měžixově (aorist dual first-person)
měžista (aorist dual second-person)
měžiste (aorist dual third-person)
měživě (dual first-person present)
měžita (dual present second-person)
měžite (dual present third-person)
měžixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
měžiste (aorist plural second-person)
měžišę (aorist plural third-person)
měžimъ (first-person plural present)
měžite (plural present second-person)
měžętь (plural present third-person)
měžaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
měžaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
měžaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
měži (imperative second-person singular)
měži (imperative singular third-person)
měžaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
měžaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
měžaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
měživě (dual first-person imperative)
měžita (dual imperative second-person)
měžaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
měžaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
měžaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
měžimъ (first-person imperative plural)
měžite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

⇒ Old East Slavic: съмѣжити (sŭměžiti)

⇒ Russian: смежи́ть (smežítʹ)

⇒ Russian: смежа́ть (smežátʹ)

Russian: межи́ть (mežítʹ)

South Slavic:

desc

⇒ Old Church Slavonic: съмѣжити (sŭměžiti)

Slovene: mẹ́žiti (“to shut, to trample”)

Iterative/causative o-grade form of Proto-Slavic *migàti, *mьžiti + *-iti. Reflects Proto-Balto-Slavic *máigīˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃meygʰ-. Akin to Lithuanian miegóti (“to sleep”), Old Prussian meicte (“to sleep”).


ščurъ

ščȗrъ (canonical)
ščurъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
ščura (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
ščuro (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
ščura (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
ščury (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
ščura (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
ščuru (dative indefinite masculine singular)
ščurě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
ščuru (dative indefinite neuter singular)
ščurъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
ščurǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
ščuro (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
ščuromь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
ščurojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
ščuromь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
ščurě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
ščurě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
ščurě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
ščure (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
ščuro (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
ščuro (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
ščura (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
ščurě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
ščurě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
ščuru (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
ščuru (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
ščuru (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
ščuroma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
ščurama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
ščuroma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
ščura (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
ščurě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
ščurě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
ščuroma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
ščurama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
ščuroma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
ščuru (dual indefinite locative masculine)
ščuru (dual feminine indefinite locative)
ščuru (dual indefinite locative neuter)
ščura (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
ščurě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
ščurě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
ščuri (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
ščury (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
ščura (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
ščurъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
ščurъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
ščurъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
ščuromъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
ščuramъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
ščuromъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
ščury (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
ščury (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
ščura (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
ščury (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
ščurami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
ščury (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
ščurěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
ščuraxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
ščurěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
ščuri (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
ščury (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
ščura (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
ščurъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
ščuraja (definite feminine nominative singular)
ščuroje (definite neuter nominative singular)
ščurajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
ščuryję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
ščurajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
ščurujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
ščurěji (dative definite feminine singular)
ščurujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
ščurъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
ščurǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
ščuroje (accusative definite neuter singular)
ščuryjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
ščurǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
ščuryjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
ščurějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
ščurěji (definite feminine locative singular)
ščurějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
ščurъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
ščuraja (definite feminine singular vocative)
ščuroje (definite neuter singular vocative)
ščuraja (definite dual masculine nominative)
ščurěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
ščurěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
ščuruju (definite dual genitive masculine)
ščuruju (definite dual feminine genitive)
ščuruju (definite dual genitive neuter)
ščuryjima (dative definite dual masculine)
ščuryjima (dative definite dual feminine)
ščuryjima (dative definite dual neuter)
ščuraja (accusative definite dual masculine)
ščurěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
ščurěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
ščuryjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
ščuryjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
ščuryjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
ščuruju (definite dual locative masculine)
ščuruju (definite dual feminine locative)
ščuruju (definite dual locative neuter)
ščuraja (definite dual masculine vocative)
ščurěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
ščurěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
ščuriji (definite masculine nominative plural)
ščuryję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
ščuraja (definite neuter nominative plural)
ščurъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
ščurъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
ščurъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
ščuryjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
ščuryjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
ščuryjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
ščuryję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
ščuryję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
ščuraja (accusative definite neuter plural)
ščuryjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
ščuryjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
ščuryjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
ščuryjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
ščuryjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
ščuryjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
ščuriji (definite masculine plural vocative)
ščuryję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
ščuraja (definite neuter plural vocative)

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *ščurъ (hard)

Definite declension of *ščurъ (hard)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: щур (štur)

Macedonian: штур (štur)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: шту̑р

Latin script: štȗr

West Slavic:

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: sćurny

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *skjauras. According to Vasmer, of onomatopoeic origin. Per Snoj, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *skewh₂- (“to lash, to swing, to buzz”).


ščurъ

ščurъ (nominative singular)
ščura (dual nominative)
ščuri (nominative plural)
ščura (genitive singular)
ščuru (dual genitive)
ščurъ (genitive plural)
ščuru (dative singular)
ščuroma (dative dual)
ščuromъ (dative plural)
ščurъ (accusative singular)
ščura (accusative dual)
ščury (accusative plural)
ščurъmь (instrumental singular)
ščuromь (instrumental singular)
ščuroma (dual instrumental)
ščury (instrumental plural)
ščurě (locative singular)
ščuru (dual locative)
ščurěxъ (locative plural)
ščure (singular vocative)
ščura (dual vocative)
ščuri (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: щуръ (ščurŭ, “swallow”)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: щуръ (ščur, “rat”)
Belarusian: шчур (ščur) (dialectal)
Ukrainian: щур (ščur)

Russian: щур (ščur, “common swift”)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: ščúr

Czech: štír (“scorpion”); in Silesia šťur, ščur, ščór, ščúr (“rat”)

Kashubian: szur (“rat”)

Polish: szczur (“rat”)

Slovak: šťúr (“scorpion”)

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: šćur (“rat”)

Upper Sorbian: šćura f (“rat”) (obsolete); šćurk (“rat”) (dialectal)


ǫtь

ǫtь (nominative singular)
ǫti (dual nominative)
ǫti (nominative plural)
ǫti (genitive singular)
ǫtьju (dual genitive)
ǫtьjь (genitive plural)
ǫti (dative singular)
ǫtьma (dative dual)
ǫtьmъ (dative plural)
ǫtь (accusative singular)
ǫti (accusative dual)
ǫti (accusative plural)
ǫtьjǫ (instrumental singular)
ǫtьma (dual instrumental)
ǫtьmi (instrumental plural)
ǫti (locative singular)
ǫtьju (dual locative)
ǫtьxъ (locative plural)
ǫti (singular vocative)
ǫti (dual vocative)
ǫti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic:

Belarusian: уць (ucʹ, “duck”)

desc

ву́ці-ву́ці-ву́ці

⇒ Belarusian: ву́ці-ву́ці-ву́ці (vúci-vúci-vúci, “call the ducks”) (interjection)

Russian: уть m (utʹ, “drake”), уть f (utʹ, “duck”) (dialectal)

⇒ Russian: Уть (Utʹ), Ути (Uti) (river name)

⇒ Russian: у́ти-у́ти (úti-úti), у́ты-у́ты (úty-úty, “call the ducks”) (interjections)

⇒ Ukrainian: ву́ть-ву́ть (vútʹ-vútʹ, “call the ducks”) (interjections)

South Slavic:

>? Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ут (“call the ducks or poultry”) (interjections)

Latin script: ut (“call the ducks or poultry”) (interjections)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ánˀtis, i-stem variant of Proto-Indo-European *h₂énh₂ts (“duck”).
Baltic cognates inclde Old Prussian antis, Lithuanian ántis (“duck”). Further cognates with Ancient Greek νῆττα (nêtta), Ossetian ацц (acc), Old Irish *āti, Sanskrit आति (ātí, “aquatic bird”).


bľuzgati

bľuzgnǫti (perfective)
bľuzgatьje (noun-from-verb)
bľuzgati (infinitive)
bľuzgatъ (supine)
bľuzgalъ (l-participle)
bľuzgatъ (participle passive past)
bľuzgajemъ (participle passive present)
bľuzgavъ (active participle past)
bľuzgaję (active participle present)
bľuzgaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
bľuzga (aorist second-person singular)
bľuzga (aorist singular third-person)
bľuzgajǫ (first-person present singular)
bľuzgaješi (present second-person singular)
bľuzgajetь (present singular third-person)
bľuzgaxově (aorist dual first-person)
bľuzgasta (aorist dual second-person)
bľuzgaste (aorist dual third-person)
bľuzgajevě (dual first-person present)
bľuzgajeta (dual present second-person)
bľuzgajete (dual present third-person)
bľuzgaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
bľuzgaste (aorist plural second-person)
bľuzgašę (aorist plural third-person)
bľuzgajemъ (first-person plural present)
bľuzgajete (plural present second-person)
bľuzgajǫtь (plural present third-person)
bľuzgaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
bľuzgaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
bľuzgaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
bľuzgaji (imperative second-person singular)
bľuzgaji (imperative singular third-person)
bľuzgaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
bľuzgaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
bľuzgaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
bľuzgajivě (dual first-person imperative)
bľuzgajita (dual imperative second-person)
bľuzgaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
bľuzgaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
bľuzgaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
bľuzgajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
bľuzgajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: блю́згать (bljúzgatʹ)

⇒ Ukrainian: блюзну́ти (bljuznúty)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бљу̏згати

Latin script: bljȕzgati

Slovene: bljȗzgati

West Slavic:

Polish: bluzgać

From *bľuti (“to gush, to vomit”) + *-zgati, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰlewH- (“to overflow, to gush”). Possibly stretching back to Proto-Balto-Slavic *bljauzgāˀtei, with cognates Lithuanian bliauzgóti (“to rattle, to babble”), Latvian blauzgêt (“to rattle, to babble”). Further akin to Lithuanian bliaũkšti (“to babble”), Lithuanian blùzginti (“to echo”), Latvian blūžgêt (“to splash”) within Balto-Slavic and to Ancient Greek φλύζω (phlúzō, “to boil up, to gush”), possibly German plauschen (“to blab, to chatter”) within Indo-European.
According to Trubachev, of onomatopoeic origin.

cog

(figurative) to swear, to curse, to mumble


světiti

světìti (canonical imperfective)
světnǫti (perfective)
b (accent-paradigm)
svěťenьje (noun-from-verb)
světiti (infinitive)
světitъ (supine)
světilъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
svěťenъ (participle passive past)
světimъ (participle passive present)
svěťь (active participle past)
světę (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
světixъ (aorist first-person singular)
světi (aorist second-person singular)
světi (aorist singular third-person)
svěťǫ (first-person present singular)
světiši (present second-person singular)
světitь (present singular third-person)
světixově (aorist dual first-person)
světista (aorist dual second-person)
světiste (aorist dual third-person)
světivě (dual first-person present)
světita (dual present second-person)
světite (dual present third-person)
světixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
světiste (aorist plural second-person)
světišę (aorist plural third-person)
světimъ (first-person plural present)
světite (plural present second-person)
světętь (plural present third-person)
svěťaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
svěťaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
svěťaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
světi (imperative second-person singular)
světi (imperative singular third-person)
svěťaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
svěťaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
svěťaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
světivě (dual first-person imperative)
světita (dual imperative second-person)
svěťaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
svěťaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
svěťaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
světimъ (first-person imperative plural)
světite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: свѣтити (světiti)

Belarusian: свеці́ць (svjecícʹ)

Russian: свети́ть (svetítʹ)

Ukrainian: світи́ти (svitýty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: свѣтити (světiti)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⰲⱑⱅⰹⱅⰹ (světiti)

Bulgarian: све́тя (svétja), dial. светя́ (svetjá)

desc

⇒ Bulgarian: светкам (svetkam), светвам (svetvam)

Macedonian: свети (sveti)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: свије́тити, све́тити

Latin script: svijétiti, svétiti

Slovene: svetīti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: svietiti

Czech: svítit

Polish: świecić

Slovak: svietiť

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: swěćyć

Lower Sorbian: swěśyś

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śwaitī́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱweyt-. Morphologically from Proto-Slavic *světъ (“world”) + *-iti. Cognate with Lithuanian švaitýti (according to Snoj: both are of secondary origin).


svidъ

svidъ (nominative singular)
svida (dual nominative)
svidi (nominative plural)
svida (genitive singular)
svidu (dual genitive)
svidъ (genitive plural)
svidu (dative singular)
svidoma (dative dual)
svidomъ (dative plural)
svidъ (accusative singular)
svida (accusative dual)
svidy (accusative plural)
svidъmь (instrumental singular)
svidomь (instrumental singular)
svidoma (dual instrumental)
svidy (instrumental plural)
svidě (locative singular)
svidu (dual locative)
sviděxъ (locative plural)
svide (singular vocative)
svida (dual vocative)
svidi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: сви́да (svída)

⇒ Russian: свиди́на (svidína)

⇒ Ukrainian: свиди́на (svydýna)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: свид (svid), свит (svit) (dialectal)

⇒ Bulgarian: свидец (svidec)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сви̑б

Latin script: svȋb

Slovene: svíba

West Slavic:

Czech: svíd (obsolete)

Polish: świd

⇒ Polish: świdwa

Slovak: svíb

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: swid

Lower Sorbian: swid

Either from Proto-Indo-European *ḱweyd- (“to shine”) or from *sweydʰ- (“to glare, to heat”), due to the glaring crimson bark of the dogwood. Cognate with Proto-Germanic *hwītaz (“white”) or Lithuanian svidùs (“glaring”) (akin to Lithuanian svidė́ti (“to be bright”), svìsti (“to glare”), dial. svýsti), Old Prussian sidis (“dogwood”) depending on the exact etymology. Further akin to Latvian svîst (“to glance, to glare”).


svьtěti

svьnǫti (perfective)
c (accent-paradigm)
svьtěnьje (noun-from-verb)
svьtěti (infinitive)
svьtětъ (supine)
svьtělъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
svьtěnъ (participle passive past)
svьtimъ (participle passive present)
svьtěvъ (active participle past)
svьtę (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
svьtěxъ (aorist first-person singular)
svьtě (aorist second-person singular)
svьtě (aorist singular third-person)
svьťǫ (first-person present singular)
svьtiši (present second-person singular)
svьtitь (present singular third-person)
svьtěxově (aorist dual first-person)
svьtěsta (aorist dual second-person)
svьtěste (aorist dual third-person)
svьtivě (dual first-person present)
svьtita (dual present second-person)
svьtite (dual present third-person)
svьtěxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
svьtěste (aorist plural second-person)
svьtěšę (aorist plural third-person)
svьtimъ (first-person plural present)
svьtite (plural present second-person)
svьtętь (plural present third-person)
svьtěaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
svьtěaše (imperfect second-person singular)
svьtěaše (imperfect singular third-person)
svьti (imperative second-person singular)
svьti (imperative singular third-person)
svьtěaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
svьtěašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
svьtěašete (dual imperfect third-person)
svьtivě (dual first-person imperative)
svьtita (dual imperative second-person)
svьtěaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
svьtěašete (imperfect plural second-person)
svьtěaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
svьtimъ (first-person imperative plural)
svьtite (imperative plural second-person)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: свьтѣти (svĭtěti)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⰲⱐⱅⱑⱅⰹ (svĭtěti)

West Slavic:

desc

Old Czech: stvieti, stkvieti, skvieti, kstvieti

Czech: skvít, stkvít

Polish: świt

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *świtḗˀtei, from essive of Proto-Indo-European *ḱweyt- (“to shine”). Cognate with Lithuanian švitė́ti (“to shine, to shimmer”).

cog

Helmut Rix
Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben
Rick Derksen


metъla

metъlà (canonical feminine)
metъla (nominative singular)
metъlě (dual nominative)
metъly (nominative plural)
metъly (genitive singular)
metъlu (dual genitive)
metъlъ (genitive plural)
metъlě (dative singular)
metъlama (dative dual)
metъlamъ (dative plural)
metъlǫ (accusative singular)
metъlě (accusative dual)
metъly (accusative plural)
metъlojǫ (instrumental singular)
metъlǫ (instrumental singular)
metъlama (dual instrumental)
metъlami (instrumental plural)
metъlě (locative singular)
metъlu (dual locative)
metъlasъ (locative plural)
metъlaxъ (locative plural)
metъlo (singular vocative)
metъlě (dual vocative)
metъly (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: метла (metla)

Belarusian: мятла́ (mjatlá)

Russian: метла́ (metlá); метло́ n (metló), мятло́ n (mjatló) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: мітла́ (mitlá)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: метла́ (metlá)

Macedonian: метла (metla)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: мѐтла; метла̏ (dialectal)

Latin script: mètla; metlȁ (dialectal)

Slovene: métla

West Slavic:

Old Czech: metla

Czech: metla

Old Polish:

Polish: miotła; miotło n (dialectal)

Old Slovak: metla

Slovak: metla

Pannonian Rusyn: метла (metla)

Polabian: metlă

Sorbian:

q

with -l- spread from <i class="Latn mention" lang="hsb">mjetlica</i>

Upper Sorbian: mjetla (“wand”) (with -l- spread from mjetlica), mjetło n

Lower Sorbian: mjetła

From *mesti (“to throw, to toss away”) + *-ъla.
Reconstructed with -ъl- on basis of Polish miotełka (diminutive), as per Skok, Sławski. Alternatively, with suffix -ьl- on basis of Russian метёлка (metjólka) (diminutive). Trubachev tends towards -ъl- based on the possible borrowings Romanian mătură (“broom”), Aromanian meturã (“broom”), Albanian netullë (“broom”).


tylъ

tỳlъ (canonical masculine)
a (accent-paradigm)
tylъ (nominative singular)
tỳla (dual nominative)
tỳli (nominative plural)
tỳla (genitive singular)
tỳlu (dual genitive)
tỳlъ (genitive plural)
tỳlu (dative singular)
tỳloma (dative dual)
tỳlomъ (dative plural)
tylъ (accusative singular)
tỳla (accusative dual)
tỳly (accusative plural)
tỳlъmь (instrumental singular)
tỳlomь (instrumental singular)
tỳloma (dual instrumental)
tỳlȳ (instrumental plural)
tỳlě (locative singular)
tỳlu (dual locative)
tỳlě̄xъ (locative plural)
tỳle (singular vocative)
tỳla (dual vocative)
tỳli (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: тылъ (tylŭ)

Russian: тыл (tyl)

Ukrainian: тил (tyl)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: тылъ (tylŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱅⱏⰹⰾⱏ (tylŭ)

Bulgarian: ти́л (tíl)

Macedonian: тил (til)

Serbo-Croatian:

⇒ Cyrillic script: за̀тиљак, по̀тиљак

⇒ Latin script: zàtiljak, pòtiljak

Slovene: tȋl (obsolete)

⇒ Slovene: tȋlnik (“cervix”)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: týl

Czech: týl

Old Polish: tył

Polish: tył

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: tił

Slovak: tylo n

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: tył, tyło n

Upper Sorbian: tył

Formed as *tyti (“to fatten”) + *-lъ, from Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell, to be strong”). Akin to Lithuanian tū́las (“several”), Old Prussian tūlan (“much”) and possibly Sanskrit तूल (tūla, “tuft of grass or reeds”), Ancient Greek τῡ́λη (tū́lē, “hump, bulge”).


plačь

plàčь (canonical masculine)
a (accent-paradigm)
plàčь (nominative singular)
plàča (dual nominative)
plàči (nominative plural)
plàča (genitive singular)
plàču (dual genitive)
plàčь (genitive plural)
plàču (dative singular)
plàčema (dative dual)
plàčēmъ (dative plural)
plàčь (accusative singular)
plàča (accusative dual)
plàčę̇ (accusative plural)
plàčьmь (instrumental singular)
plàčemь (instrumental singular)
plàčema (dual instrumental)
plàčī (instrumental plural)
plàči (locative singular)
plàču (dual locative)
plàčīxъ (locative plural)
plàču (singular vocative)
plàča (dual vocative)
plàči (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: плачь (plačĭ)

Belarusian: плач (plač)

Russian: плач (plač)

Carpathian Rusyn: пл'ач (plʺač)

Ukrainian: плач (plač)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: плачь (plačĭ)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Macedonian: плач (plač)

Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: plač

Cyrillic script: плач

Slovene: plȃč (tonal orthography) (literary)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: pláč

Czech: pláč

Polish: płacz

Slovak: plač

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: płač

Lower Sorbian: płac

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *plā́ˀkjas, from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂k-yó-s, from *pleh₂k-. Equivalent to *plakati + *-jь.


vortičь

vortičь (nominative singular)
vortiči (dual nominative)
vortičьje (nominative plural)
vortiči (genitive singular)
vortičьju (dual genitive)
vortičьjь (genitive plural)
vortiči (dative singular)
vortičьma (dative dual)
vortičьmъ (dative plural)
vortičь (accusative singular)
vortiči (accusative dual)
vortiči (accusative plural)
vortičьmь (instrumental singular)
vortičьma (dual instrumental)
vortičьmi (instrumental plural)
vortiči (locative singular)
vortičьju (dual locative)
vortičьxъ (locative plural)
vortiči (singular vocative)
vortiči (dual vocative)
vortičьje (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Russian: воротич (vorotič), воро́тиш (vorótiš) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: воро́тич (vorótyč), воро́тиш (vorótyš), наворо́тиш (navorótyš) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: врати́га (vratíga), врати́ка (vratíka) (+ *-ika, *-iga)

Macedonian: вратига (vratiga), вратика (vratika) (+ *-ika, *-iga)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: вра̀тич, formerly in dialects also вратиш, вратик, вратика, повратич

Latin script: vràtič, formerly in dialects also vratiš, vratik, vratika, povratič

Slovene: vratȉč (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vrátyč

Czech: vrátič, vratič

Kashubian: warcycz m or f, warticz m or f (probably contaminated with Polish)

Old Polish: wrotycz

Polish: wrotycz

→ Russian: вро́тич (vrótič) (archaic)

Slovak: vratič

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: wróćica

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: varádics

→? Romanian: vetrice

tansy (any plant of the genus Tanacetum)


polknǫti

polknǫ̀ti (canonical imperfective)
polkovati (perfective)
polknovenьje (noun-from-verb)
polknǫti (infinitive)
polknǫtъ (supine)
polknǫlъ (l-participle)
polknovenъ (participle passive past)
polknomъ (participle passive present)
polknǫvъ (active participle past)
polkny (active participle present)
polknǫxъ (aorist first-person singular)
polknǫ (aorist second-person singular)
polknǫ (aorist singular third-person)
polknǫ (first-person present singular)
polkneši (present second-person singular)
polknetь (present singular third-person)
polknǫxově (aorist dual first-person)
polknǫsta (aorist dual second-person)
polknǫste (aorist dual third-person)
polknevě (dual first-person present)
polkneta (dual present second-person)
polknete (dual present third-person)
polknǫxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
polknǫste (aorist plural second-person)
polknǫšę (aorist plural third-person)
polknemъ (first-person plural present)
polknete (plural present second-person)
polknǫtь (plural present third-person)
polkněaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
polkněaše (imperfect second-person singular)
polkněaše (imperfect singular third-person)
polkni (imperative second-person singular)
polkni (imperative singular third-person)
polkněaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
polkněašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
polkněašete (dual imperfect third-person)
polkněvě (dual first-person imperative)
polkněta (dual imperative second-person)
polkněaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
polkněašete (imperfect plural second-person)
polkněaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
polkněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
polkněte (imperative plural second-person)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: пла́кна (plákna)

Macedonian: плакне (plakne)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: спла́нути

Latin script: spláknuti

Slovene: -plaknīti

Slovene: izplaknīti

Slovene: odplaknīti

Slovene: poplaknīti

Slovene: splakováti

From *polkati (“to wash, to beat”) + *-nǫti.


polkati

polkàti (canonical)
polkanьje (noun-from-verb)
polkati (infinitive)
polkatъ (supine)
polkalъ (l-participle)
polkanъ (participle passive past)
polčemъ (participle passive present)
polkavъ (active participle past)
polčę (active participle present)
polkaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
polka (aorist second-person singular)
polka (aorist singular third-person)
polčǫ (first-person present singular)
polčeši (present second-person singular)
polčetь (present singular third-person)
polkaxově (aorist dual first-person)
polkasta (aorist dual second-person)
polkaste (aorist dual third-person)
polčevě (dual first-person present)
polčeta (dual present second-person)
polčete (dual present third-person)
polkaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
polkaste (aorist plural second-person)
polkašę (aorist plural third-person)
polčemъ (first-person plural present)
polčete (plural present second-person)
polčǫtь (plural present third-person)
polkaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
polkaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
polkaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
polči (imperative second-person singular)
polči (imperative singular third-person)
polkaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
polkaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
polkaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
polčivě (dual first-person imperative)
polčita (dual imperative second-person)
polkaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
polkaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
polkaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
polčimъ (first-person imperative plural)
polčite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: полокати (polokati)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: плакати (plakati)

Glagolitic script: ⱂⰾⰰⰽⰰⱅⰻ (plakati)

Slovene: plákati (colloquial)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: plákat

Kashubian: płokac

Old Polish: płókać
Polish: płukać

Sorbian

Upper Sorbian: płokać

Related to Proto-Slavic *polti (“to wind, to fold”)


bratьskъ

bràtьskъ (canonical)
bratьskъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
bratьska (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
bratьsko (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
bratьska (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
bratьsky (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
bratьska (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
bratьsku (dative indefinite masculine singular)
bratьscě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
bratьsku (dative indefinite neuter singular)
bratьskъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
bratьskǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
bratьsko (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
bratьskomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
bratьskojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
bratьskomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
bratьscě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
bratьscě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
bratьscě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
bratьšče (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
bratьsko (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
bratьsko (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
bratьska (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
bratьscě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
bratьscě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
bratьsku (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
bratьsku (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
bratьsku (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
bratьskoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
bratьskama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
bratьskoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
bratьska (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
bratьscě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
bratьscě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
bratьskoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
bratьskama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
bratьskoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
bratьsku (dual indefinite locative masculine)
bratьsku (dual feminine indefinite locative)
bratьsku (dual indefinite locative neuter)
bratьska (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
bratьscě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
bratьscě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
bratьsci (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
bratьsky (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
bratьska (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
bratьskъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
bratьskъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
bratьskъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
bratьskomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
bratьskamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
bratьskomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
bratьsky (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
bratьsky (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
bratьska (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
bratьsky (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
bratьskami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
bratьsky (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
bratьscěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
bratьskaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
bratьscěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
bratьsci (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
bratьsky (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
bratьska (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
bratьskъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
bratьskaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
bratьskoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
bratьskajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
bratьskyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
bratьskajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
bratьskujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
bratьscěji (dative definite feminine singular)
bratьskujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
bratьskъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
bratьskǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
bratьskoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
bratьskyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
bratьskǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
bratьskyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
bratьscějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
bratьscěji (definite feminine locative singular)
bratьscějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
bratьskъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
bratьskaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
bratьskoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
bratьskaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
bratьscěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
bratьscěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
bratьskuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
bratьskuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
bratьskuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
bratьskyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
bratьskyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
bratьskyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
bratьskaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
bratьscěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
bratьscěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
bratьskyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
bratьskyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
bratьskyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
bratьskuju (definite dual locative masculine)
bratьskuju (definite dual feminine locative)
bratьskuju (definite dual locative neuter)
bratьskaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
bratьscěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
bratьscěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
bratьsciji (definite masculine nominative plural)
bratьskyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
bratьskaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
bratьskъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
bratьskъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
bratьskъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
bratьskyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
bratьskyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
bratьskyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
bratьskyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
bratьskyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
bratьskaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
bratьskyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
bratьskyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
bratьskyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
bratьskyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
bratьskyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
bratьskyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
bratьsciji (definite masculine plural vocative)
bratьskyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
bratьskaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *bratьskъ (hard)

Definite declension of *bratьskъ (hard)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: бра́тьскꙑи (brátĭskyi)

Belarusian: брацкі (bracki)

Russian: братский (bratskij)

Ukrainian: братський (bratsʹkyj)

desc

Old Novgorodian: *братьскꙑи (*bratĭskyi)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: братски (bratski)

Macedonian: братски (bratski)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бра̏тски

Latin script: brȁtski

Slovene: brátsko

West Slavic:

Czech: bratrský

desctree

Old Polish: bracki
Polish: (obsolete) bracki

Slovak: bratský

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *brā́ˀtiškas. Morphologically formed as *bràtъ + *-ьskъ.


jilъ

jìlъ (canonical masculine)
a (accent-paradigm)
jilъ (nominative singular)
jìly (dual nominative)
jìlove (nominative plural)
jìlu (genitive singular)
jìlovu (dual genitive)
jìlovъ (genitive plural)
jìlovi (dative singular)
jìlъma (dative dual)
jìlъmъ (dative plural)
jilъ (accusative singular)
jìly (accusative dual)
jìly (accusative plural)
jìlъmь (instrumental singular)
jìlъma (dual instrumental)
jìlъmī (instrumental plural)
jìlū (locative singular)
jìlovu (dual locative)
jìlъxъ (locative plural)
jìlu (singular vocative)
jìly (dual vocative)
jìlove (plural vocative)


zvěrę

zvě̄rę̀ (canonical neuter)
b (accent-paradigm)
zvěrę (nominative singular)
zvěrę̀ti (dual nominative)
zvěrę̀tā (nominative plural)
zvěrę̀te (genitive singular)
zvěrę̀tu (dual genitive)
zvěrę̀tъ (genitive plural)
zvěrę̀ti (dative singular)
zvěrę̀tьma (dative dual)
zvěrę̀tьmъ (dative plural)
zvěrę (accusative singular)
zvěrę̀ti (accusative dual)
zvěrę̀tā (accusative plural)
zvěrę̀tьmь (instrumental singular)
zvěrę̀tьma (dual instrumental)
zvěrę̀tȳ (instrumental plural)
zvěrę̀te (locative singular)
zvěrę̀tu (dual locative)
zvěrę̀tьxъ (locative plural)
zvěrę (singular vocative)
zvěrę̀ti (dual vocative)
zvěrę̀tā (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *звѣрѧ

Old Ruthenian: звѣрѧ́ (zvěrjá)

Ukrainian: звіря́ (zvirjá)

⇒ Russian: зверя́та pl (zverjáta)

South Slavic:

>? Macedonian: ѕвере (dzvere)

>? Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: звије̑ре

Latin: zvijȇre

West Slavic:

Czech: zvíře

Kashubian: zwierzã

Old Polish: źwierzę
Polish: zwierzę
Silesian: zwiyrzã

Slovak: zviera

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: zwěrje

Upper Sorbian: zwěrjo


bъzikati

bъzikanьje (noun-from-verb)
bъzikati (infinitive)
bъzikatъ (supine)
bъzikalъ (l-participle)
bъzikanъ (participle passive past)
bъzikajemъ (participle passive present)
bъzikavъ (active participle past)
bъzikaję (active participle present)
bъzikaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
bъzika (aorist second-person singular)
bъzika (aorist singular third-person)
bъzikajǫ (first-person present singular)
bъzikaješi (present second-person singular)
bъzikajetь (present singular third-person)
bъzikaxově (aorist dual first-person)
bъzikasta (aorist dual second-person)
bъzikaste (aorist dual third-person)
bъzikajevě (dual first-person present)
bъzikajeta (dual present second-person)
bъzikajete (dual present third-person)
bъzikaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
bъzikaste (aorist plural second-person)
bъzikašę (aorist plural third-person)
bъzikajemъ (first-person plural present)
bъzikajete (plural present second-person)
bъzikajǫtь (plural present third-person)
bъzikaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
bъzikaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
bъzikaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
bъzikaji (imperative second-person singular)
bъzikaji (imperative singular third-person)
bъzikaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
bъzikaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
bъzikaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
bъzikajivě (dual first-person imperative)
bъzikajita (dual imperative second-person)
bъzikaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
bъzikaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
bъzikaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
bъzikajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
bъzikajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: бзы́кать (bzýkatʹ)

South Slavic:

Slovene: bzíkati (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: bzikat

Polish: bzykać (“to buzz”)

Slovak: bzíkať (“to fly (for insects)”)

Of onomatopoeic origin. Equivalent to *bъzikъ + *-ati.


bukъ

bukъ (nominative singular)
buka (dual nominative)
buci (nominative plural)
buka (genitive singular)
buku (dual genitive)
bukъ (genitive plural)
buku (dative singular)
bukoma (dative dual)
bukomъ (dative plural)
bukъ (accusative singular)
buka (accusative dual)
buky (accusative plural)
bukъmь (instrumental singular)
bukomь (instrumental singular)
bukoma (dual instrumental)
buky (instrumental plural)
bucě (locative singular)
buku (dual locative)
bucěxъ (locative plural)
buče (singular vocative)
buka (dual vocative)
buci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: бꙋкъ (bukŭ)

Russian: бук (buk) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: бук (buk, “bang”) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бу̑к

Latin script: bȗk

Slovene: bȗk (dialectal)

West Slavic:

Czech: bouk, búk (dialectal)


bukъ

a (accent-paradigm)
bukъ (nominative singular)
bùka (dual nominative)
bùci (nominative plural)
bùka (genitive singular)
bùku (dual genitive)
bùkъ (genitive plural)
bùku (dative singular)
bùkoma (dative dual)
bùkomъ (dative plural)
bukъ (accusative singular)
bùka (accusative dual)
bùky (accusative plural)
bùkъmь (instrumental singular)
bùkomь (instrumental singular)
bùkoma (dual instrumental)
bùkȳ (instrumental plural)
bùcě (locative singular)
bùku (dual locative)
bùcě̄xъ (locative plural)
bùče (singular vocative)
bùka (dual vocative)
bùci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: бук (buk)

Russian: бук (buk)

Ukrainian: бук (buk)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: бук (buk)

Macedonian: бук (buk)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бу̏к (archaic)

Latin script: bȕk (archaic)

West Slavic:

Czech: buk

Kashubian: bùk

Polabian: bauk

Polish: buk

Slovak: buk

Slovincian: búk

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: buk

Lower Sorbian: buk

→ Lithuanian: bùkas

Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *bōkō (“beech”), with a secondary gender change, perhaps in analogy with the native terms Proto-Slavic *dǫbъ (“oak”), *grabrъ (“hornbeam”), *klenъ (“maple”). Probably from a West Germanic source.


jьlo

a (accent-paradigm)
jьlo (nominative singular)
jь̀lě (dual nominative)
jь̀la (nominative plural)
jь̀la (genitive singular)
jь̀lu (dual genitive)
jь̀lъ (genitive plural)
jь̀lu (dative singular)
jь̀loma (dative dual)
jь̀lomъ (dative plural)
jьlo (accusative singular)
jь̀lě (accusative dual)
jь̀la (accusative plural)
jь̀lъmь (instrumental singular)
jь̀lomь (instrumental singular)
jь̀loma (dual instrumental)
jь̀lȳ (instrumental plural)
jь̀lě (locative singular)
jь̀lu (dual locative)
jь̀lě̄xъ (locative plural)
jьlo (singular vocative)
jь̀lě (dual vocative)
jь̀la (plural vocative)


jь že

East Slavic:

>? Old East Slavic: иже (iže), иж (iž)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: иже (iže)

Glagolitic: ⰹⰶⰵ (iže)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: јер

Latin script: jer

Slovene: ker

West Slavic:

Czech: jenž

Kashubian: że

Old Polish: iże, że, iż

Polish: że, iż

Silesian: że, iż


stьrkъ

stьrkъ (nominative singular)
stьrka (dual nominative)
stьrci (nominative plural)
stьrka (genitive singular)
stьrku (dual genitive)
stьrkъ (genitive plural)
stьrku (dative singular)
stьrkoma (dative dual)
stьrkomъ (dative plural)
stьrkъ (accusative singular)
stьrka (accusative dual)
stьrky (accusative plural)
stьrkъmь (instrumental singular)
stьrkomь (instrumental singular)
stьrkoma (dual instrumental)
stьrky (instrumental plural)
stьrcě (locative singular)
stьrku (dual locative)
stьrcěxъ (locative plural)
stьrče (singular vocative)
stьrka (dual vocative)
stьrci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: стьркъ (stĭrkŭ)

Russian: стерк (sterk), стерх (sterx), dial. сте́рех (stérex)

Ukrainian: стерх (sterx)

South Slavic:

desc

Old Church Slavonic: стрькъ (strĭkŭ), стръкъ (strŭkŭ)

Bulgarian: щърк (štǎrk), щъркел (štǎrkel)

Macedonian: штрк (štrk)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: штр̑к, штр̏к

Latin script: štȓk, štȑk

Slovene: štȓk (until 18 cent.)

⇒ Slovene: štọ̑rklja

Non-Slavic:

Albanian: shtërg

Romanian: stârc

Related to Proto-Germanic *sturkaz (“stork”) (whence Lithuanian star̃kus (“stork”), Latvian stārķis (“stork”)), Latvian stirka (“creature with long legs”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“to bulge, to stick out”), cf. Proto-Slavic *(s)tъrčati.


nevoľa

nevoľa (nominative singular)
nevoľi (dual nominative)
nevoľę̇ (nominative plural)
nevoľę̇ (genitive singular)
nevoľu (dual genitive)
nevoľь (genitive plural)
nevoľi (dative singular)
nevoľama (dative dual)
nevoľamъ (dative plural)
nevoľǫ (accusative singular)
nevoľi (accusative dual)
nevoľę̇ (accusative plural)
nevoľejǫ (instrumental singular)
nevoľǫ (instrumental singular)
nevoľama (dual instrumental)
nevoľami (instrumental plural)
nevoľi (locative singular)
nevoľu (dual locative)
nevoľasъ (locative plural)
nevoľaxъ (locative plural)
nevoľe (singular vocative)
nevoľi (dual vocative)
nevoľę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: неволꙗ (nevolja)

Old Ruthenian: нево́лꙗ (nevólja)

Belarusian: няво́ля (njavólja); нево́ля (njevólja) (dialectal)

Carpathian Rusyn: нево́ля (nevólja)

Ukrainian: нево́ля (nevólja)

Russian: нево́ля (nevólja); ниволя (nivólja) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

desc

Old Cyrillic script: неволꙗ (nevolja), неволѣ (nevolě)

Glagolitic script: ⱀⰵⰲⱁⰾⱑ (nevolě)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: нѐвоља; нево̏ја (dialectal)

Latin script: nèvolja; nevȍja (dialectal)

Slovene: nevólja (tonal orthography); névolja, névọla, nevóla (dialectal)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: niewòlô

Old Czech: nevole, nevóle

Czech: nevole; nevoľa, nevu̇le (dialectal)

Old Polish: niewola

Polish: niewola
→ Low Prussian: Niwoll

Silesian: niywolŏ

Slovak: nevoľa, nevôľa (archaic, bookish); nevola (dialectal)

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: ńewola

Upper Sorbian: njewola

Non-Slavic:

→ Albanian: nevojë

→ Romanian: nevoie


togъda

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: тогъда (togŭda), тогъдꙑ (togŭdy), тъгда (tŭgda), тъгдꙑ (tŭgdy)

Old Ruthenian: тогды́ (tohdý), тогди́ (tohdí), тоды́ (todý), токгды́ (togdý)

Old Belarusian: тагды́ (tahdý)

Belarusian: тады́ (tadý)

Ukrainian: тоді́ (todí)

Russian: тогда́ (togdá)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тада

Latin script: tada

West Slavic:

Kashubian: tedë

Old Czech: tehdy, tedy
Czech: tedy

desctree

Old Polish: tedy
Polish: tedy
Silesian: tedy

Slovak: vtedy


ǫzъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *ǫzъ (hard)

Definite declension of *ǫzъ (hard)

ǫzъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
ǫza (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
ǫzo (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
ǫza (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
ǫzy (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
ǫza (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
ǫzu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
ǫzě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
ǫzu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
ǫzъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
ǫzǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
ǫzo (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
ǫzomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
ǫzojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
ǫzomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
ǫzě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
ǫzě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
ǫzě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
ǫze (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
ǫzo (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
ǫzo (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
ǫza (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
ǫzě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
ǫzě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
ǫzu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
ǫzu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
ǫzu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
ǫzoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
ǫzama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
ǫzoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
ǫza (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
ǫzě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
ǫzě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
ǫzoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
ǫzama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
ǫzoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
ǫzu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
ǫzu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
ǫzu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
ǫza (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
ǫzě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
ǫzě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
ǫzi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
ǫzy (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
ǫza (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
ǫzъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
ǫzъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
ǫzъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
ǫzomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
ǫzamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
ǫzomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
ǫzy (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
ǫzy (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
ǫza (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
ǫzy (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
ǫzami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
ǫzy (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
ǫzěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
ǫzaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
ǫzěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
ǫzi (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
ǫzy (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
ǫza (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
ǫzъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
ǫzaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
ǫzoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
ǫzajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
ǫzyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
ǫzajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
ǫzujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
ǫzěji (dative definite feminine singular)
ǫzujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
ǫzъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
ǫzǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
ǫzoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
ǫzyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
ǫzǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
ǫzyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
ǫzějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
ǫzěji (definite feminine locative singular)
ǫzějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
ǫzъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
ǫzaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
ǫzoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
ǫzaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
ǫzěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
ǫzěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
ǫzuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
ǫzuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
ǫzuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
ǫzyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
ǫzyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
ǫzyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
ǫzaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
ǫzěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
ǫzěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
ǫzyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
ǫzyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
ǫzyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
ǫzuju (definite dual locative masculine)
ǫzuju (definite dual feminine locative)
ǫzuju (definite dual locative neuter)
ǫzaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
ǫzěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
ǫzěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
ǫziji (definite masculine nominative plural)
ǫzyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
ǫzaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
ǫzъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
ǫzъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
ǫzъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
ǫzyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
ǫzyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
ǫzyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
ǫzyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
ǫzyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
ǫzaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
ǫzyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
ǫzyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
ǫzyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
ǫzyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
ǫzyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
ǫzyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
ǫziji (definite masculine plural vocative)
ǫzyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
ǫzaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

Either directly inherited from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enǵʰós, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enǵʰ- (“narrow, tight”), or a native formation from the causative Proto-Slavic *ǫziti (“to constrain”).


ǫzъ

b (accent-paradigm)
ǫ̃zъ (nominative singular)
ǭzà (dual nominative)
ǭzì (nominative plural)
ǭzà (genitive singular)
ǭzù (dual genitive)
ǫ̃zъ (genitive plural)
ǭzù (dative singular)
ǭzòma (dative dual)
ǭzòmъ (dative plural)
ǫ̃zъ (accusative singular)
ǭzà (accusative dual)
ǭzỳ (accusative plural)
ǭzъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
ǭzòmь (instrumental singular)
ǭzòma (dual instrumental)
ǫ̃zy (instrumental plural)
ǭzě̀ (locative singular)
ǭzù (dual locative)
ǫ̃zěxъ (locative plural)
ǫze (singular vocative)
ǭzà (dual vocative)
ǭzì (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: вѫзъ (vǫzŭ)

q

possibly from <i class="Latn mention" lang="sla-pro">*ǫza</i>

Bulgarian: въз (vǎz), възе (vǎze, “binder, fastener”) (dialectal, possibly from *ǫza)


verdьnъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *verdьnъ (hard)

Definite declension of *verdьnъ (hard)

verdьnъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
verdьna (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
verdьno (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
verdьna (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
verdьny (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
verdьna (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
verdьnu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
verdьně (dative feminine indefinite singular)
verdьnu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
verdьnъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
verdьnǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
verdьno (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
verdьnomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
verdьnojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
verdьnomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
verdьně (indefinite locative masculine singular)
verdьně (feminine indefinite locative singular)
verdьně (indefinite locative neuter singular)
verdьne (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
verdьno (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
verdьno (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
verdьna (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
verdьně (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
verdьně (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
verdьnu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
verdьnu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
verdьnu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
verdьnoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
verdьnama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
verdьnoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
verdьna (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
verdьně (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
verdьně (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
verdьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
verdьnama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
verdьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
verdьnu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
verdьnu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
verdьnu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
verdьna (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
verdьně (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
verdьně (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
verdьni (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
verdьny (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
verdьna (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
verdьnъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
verdьnъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
verdьnъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
verdьnomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
verdьnamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
verdьnomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
verdьny (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
verdьny (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
verdьna (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
verdьny (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
verdьnami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
verdьny (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
verdьněxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
verdьnaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
verdьněxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
verdьni (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
verdьny (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
verdьna (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
verdьnъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
verdьnaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
verdьnoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
verdьnajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
verdьnyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
verdьnajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
verdьnujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
verdьněji (dative definite feminine singular)
verdьnujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
verdьnъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
verdьnǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
verdьnoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
verdьnyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
verdьnǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
verdьnyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
verdьnějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
verdьněji (definite feminine locative singular)
verdьnějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
verdьnъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
verdьnaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
verdьnoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
verdьnaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
verdьněji (definite dual feminine nominative)
verdьněji (definite dual neuter nominative)
verdьnuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
verdьnuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
verdьnuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
verdьnyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
verdьnyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
verdьnyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
verdьnaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
verdьněji (accusative definite dual feminine)
verdьněji (accusative definite dual neuter)
verdьnyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
verdьnyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
verdьnyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
verdьnuju (definite dual locative masculine)
verdьnuju (definite dual feminine locative)
verdьnuju (definite dual locative neuter)
verdьnaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
verdьněji (definite dual feminine vocative)
verdьněji (definite dual neuter vocative)
verdьniji (definite masculine nominative plural)
verdьnyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
verdьnaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
verdьnъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
verdьnъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
verdьnъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
verdьnyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
verdьnyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
verdьnyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
verdьnyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
verdьnyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
verdьnaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
verdьnyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
verdьnyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
verdьnyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
verdьnyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
verdьnyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
verdьnyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
verdьniji (definite masculine plural vocative)
verdьnyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
verdьnaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: вре́ден (vréden) (dialectal)

Macedonian: вреден (vreden)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: врије́дан

Latin script: vrijédan

Slovene: vrẹ́den

South Slavic isogloss, with dubious origin. The main two hypotheses for its etymology are:
* Native origin: According to St. Mladenov, from Proto-Indo-European *werdʰ- (“to raise”), cognate with Sanskrit वर्धति (vardhati, “to grow, to elevate”), Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬛𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (varədaⁱti, “to enlarge”). Probably akin to Proto-Slavic *verdъ, though, certainly not in its attested meaning wart, wound. See there for further discussion.
* Borrowing: Built on the basis of Old High German werd (“worth”), from Proto-Germanic *werþaz. Probably borrowed around 9th century.
Georgiev and Skok remain inconclusive.


verdьnъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Definite declension of *verdьnъ (hard)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: врѣдьнъ (vrědĭnŭ)

Bulgarian: вре́ден (vréden)

West Slavic:

desc

Polish: wrzedny (Middle Polish), wrzodny (rare)


drěkъ

drěkъ (nominative singular)
drěka (dual nominative)
drěci (nominative plural)
drěka (genitive singular)
drěku (dual genitive)
drěkъ (genitive plural)
drěku (dative singular)
drěkoma (dative dual)
drěkomъ (dative plural)
drěkъ (accusative singular)
drěka (accusative dual)
drěky (accusative plural)
drěkъmь (instrumental singular)
drěkomь (instrumental singular)
drěkoma (dual instrumental)
drěky (instrumental plural)
drěcě (locative singular)
drěku (dual locative)
drěcěxъ (locative plural)
drěče (singular vocative)
drěka (dual vocative)
drěci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Ukrainian: дрік m (drik, “broom, gorse (Ulex)”) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: дре̑к, дријек (“cart frame, rail”) (dialectal)

Latin script: drȇk, drik (Kaikavian dialect)

West Slavic:

Czech: dřík, dial. dřék

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: derék (“waist”) (probably)

→ Romanian: dric

Probably from an earlier substantivized adjective cognate with Lithuanian draĩkas (“slender, erect”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *draikas. According to Skok, possibly related to Proto-Slavic *drьkolь (“stick”). Further etymology is uncertain.


ščirъ

ščirъ (nominative singular)
ščira (dual nominative)
ščiri (nominative plural)
ščira (genitive singular)
ščiru (dual genitive)
ščirъ (genitive plural)
ščiru (dative singular)
ščiroma (dative dual)
ščiromъ (dative plural)
ščirъ (accusative singular)
ščira (accusative dual)
ščiry (accusative plural)
ščirъmь (instrumental singular)
ščiromь (instrumental singular)
ščiroma (dual instrumental)
ščiry (instrumental plural)
ščirě (locative singular)
ščiru (dual locative)
ščirěxъ (locative plural)
ščire (singular vocative)
ščira (dual vocative)
ščiri (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: щир (ščir)

Ukrainian: щир (ščyr)

South Slavic:

desctree

Bulgarian: щир (štir)
→ Gagauz: iştir
→ Romanian: știr
→ Ottoman Turkish: اشتیر (iştir), اشتر (iştir)
Turkish: iştir, ıştır

Macedonian: штир (štir)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: шћи̑р, шти̑р, on some islands also шћур

Latin script: šćȋr, štȋr, on some islands also šćur

Slovene: ščȋr

West Slavic:

Czech: štír

Polish: szczyr

Sorbian:

desc

Lower Sorbian: šćěŕ (“common groundsel”)

Upper Sorbian: šćěr (“mercury”), šćěrjenc (“amaranth”)

Non-Slavic:

→ Old High German: stīr, stur (“blite, endive”) [from 11ᵗʰ century]

Middle High German: stīr, stur, stuor, stuur, stuuir, stor (“blite”)

Unknown. Formally compatible with Proto-Germanic *skīriz (“pure, clear, sheer”), though the semantic connection would be unclear.

cog

blite (Amaranthus gen. et spp., particularly Amaranthus blitum)


ščirъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *ščirъ (hard)

Definite declension of *ščirъ (hard)

ščirъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
ščira (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
ščiro (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
ščira (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
ščiry (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
ščira (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
ščiru (dative indefinite masculine singular)
ščirě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
ščiru (dative indefinite neuter singular)
ščirъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
ščirǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
ščiro (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
ščiromь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
ščirojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
ščiromь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
ščirě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
ščirě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
ščirě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
ščire (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
ščiro (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
ščiro (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
ščira (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
ščirě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
ščirě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
ščiru (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
ščiru (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
ščiru (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
ščiroma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
ščirama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
ščiroma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
ščira (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
ščirě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
ščirě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
ščiroma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
ščirama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
ščiroma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
ščiru (dual indefinite locative masculine)
ščiru (dual feminine indefinite locative)
ščiru (dual indefinite locative neuter)
ščira (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
ščirě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
ščirě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
ščiri (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
ščiry (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
ščira (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
ščirъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
ščirъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
ščirъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
ščiromъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
ščiramъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
ščiromъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
ščiry (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
ščiry (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
ščira (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
ščiry (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
ščirami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
ščiry (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
ščirěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
ščiraxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
ščirěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
ščiri (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
ščiry (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
ščira (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
ščirъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
ščiraja (definite feminine nominative singular)
ščiroje (definite neuter nominative singular)
ščirajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
ščiryję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
ščirajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
ščirujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
ščirěji (dative definite feminine singular)
ščirujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
ščirъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
ščirǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
ščiroje (accusative definite neuter singular)
ščiryjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
ščirǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
ščiryjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
ščirějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
ščirěji (definite feminine locative singular)
ščirějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
ščirъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
ščiraja (definite feminine singular vocative)
ščiroje (definite neuter singular vocative)
ščiraja (definite dual masculine nominative)
ščirěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
ščirěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
ščiruju (definite dual genitive masculine)
ščiruju (definite dual feminine genitive)
ščiruju (definite dual genitive neuter)
ščiryjima (dative definite dual masculine)
ščiryjima (dative definite dual feminine)
ščiryjima (dative definite dual neuter)
ščiraja (accusative definite dual masculine)
ščirěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
ščirěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
ščiryjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
ščiryjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
ščiryjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
ščiruju (definite dual locative masculine)
ščiruju (definite dual feminine locative)
ščiruju (definite dual locative neuter)
ščiraja (definite dual masculine vocative)
ščirěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
ščirěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
ščiriji (definite masculine nominative plural)
ščiryję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
ščiraja (definite neuter nominative plural)
ščirъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
ščirъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
ščirъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
ščiryjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
ščiryjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
ščiryjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
ščiryję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
ščiryję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
ščiraja (accusative definite neuter plural)
ščiryjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
ščiryjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
ščiryjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
ščiryjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
ščiryjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
ščiryjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
ščiriji (definite masculine plural vocative)
ščiryję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
ščiraja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: шчы́ры (ščýry)

Russian: щи́рый (ščíryj) (regional)

Ukrainian: щи́рий (ščýryj)

West Slavic:

Czech: čirý

Old Polish: szczyry

Polish: szczery

Pannonian Rusyn: щири (ščiri)

Slovak: číry

Uncertain, but a connection to *širъ, *širokъ (“wide”) as well as to Proto-Germanic *skīriz (“pure, sheer”) is attractive.


drěčьnъ

Indefinite declension of *drěčьnъ (hard)

Definite declension of *drěčьnъ (hard)

drěčьnъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
drěčьna (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
drěčьno (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
drěčьna (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
drěčьny (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
drěčьna (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
drěčьnu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
drěčьně (dative feminine indefinite singular)
drěčьnu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
drěčьnъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
drěčьnǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
drěčьno (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
drěčьnomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
drěčьnojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
drěčьnomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
drěčьně (indefinite locative masculine singular)
drěčьně (feminine indefinite locative singular)
drěčьně (indefinite locative neuter singular)
drěčьne (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
drěčьno (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
drěčьno (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
drěčьna (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
drěčьně (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
drěčьně (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
drěčьnu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
drěčьnu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
drěčьnu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
drěčьnoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
drěčьnama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
drěčьnoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
drěčьna (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
drěčьně (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
drěčьně (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
drěčьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
drěčьnama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
drěčьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
drěčьnu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
drěčьnu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
drěčьnu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
drěčьna (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
drěčьně (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
drěčьně (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
drěčьni (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
drěčьny (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
drěčьna (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
drěčьnъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
drěčьnъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
drěčьnъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
drěčьnomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
drěčьnamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
drěčьnomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
drěčьny (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
drěčьny (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
drěčьna (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
drěčьny (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
drěčьnami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
drěčьny (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
drěčьněxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
drěčьnaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
drěčьněxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
drěčьni (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
drěčьny (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
drěčьna (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
drěčьnъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
drěčьnaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
drěčьnoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
drěčьnajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
drěčьnyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
drěčьnajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
drěčьnujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
drěčьněji (dative definite feminine singular)
drěčьnujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
drěčьnъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
drěčьnǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
drěčьnoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
drěčьnyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
drěčьnǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
drěčьnyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
drěčьnějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
drěčьněji (definite feminine locative singular)
drěčьnějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
drěčьnъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
drěčьnaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
drěčьnoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
drěčьnaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
drěčьněji (definite dual feminine nominative)
drěčьněji (definite dual neuter nominative)
drěčьnuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
drěčьnuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
drěčьnuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
drěčьnyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
drěčьnyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
drěčьnyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
drěčьnaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
drěčьněji (accusative definite dual feminine)
drěčьněji (accusative definite dual neuter)
drěčьnyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
drěčьnyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
drěčьnyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
drěčьnuju (definite dual locative masculine)
drěčьnuju (definite dual feminine locative)
drěčьnuju (definite dual locative neuter)
drěčьnaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
drěčьněji (definite dual feminine vocative)
drěčьněji (definite dual neuter vocative)
drěčьniji (definite masculine nominative plural)
drěčьnyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
drěčьnaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
drěčьnъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
drěčьnъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
drěčьnъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
drěčьnyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
drěčьnyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
drěčьnyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
drěčьnyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
drěčьnyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
drěčьnaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
drěčьnyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
drěčьnyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
drěčьnyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
drěčьnyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
drěčьnyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
drěčьnyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
drěčьniji (definite masculine plural vocative)
drěčьnyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
drěčьnaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: дри̏јечан, дре̑чан (rare, dialectal)

Latin script: drȉječan, dréčan, dričan (dialectal)

Slovene: dréčən (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: dríčný, drýčný

Slovak: drečný


tupati

tupanьje (noun-from-verb)
tupati (infinitive)
tupatъ (supine)
tupalъ (l-participle)
tupanъ (participle passive past)
tupajemъ (participle passive present)
tupavъ (active participle past)
tupaję (active participle present)
tupaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
tupa (aorist second-person singular)
tupa (aorist singular third-person)
tupajǫ (first-person present singular)
tupaješi (present second-person singular)
tupajetь (present singular third-person)
tupaxově (aorist dual first-person)
tupasta (aorist dual second-person)
tupaste (aorist dual third-person)
tupajevě (dual first-person present)
tupajeta (dual present second-person)
tupajete (dual present third-person)
tupaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
tupaste (aorist plural second-person)
tupašę (aorist plural third-person)
tupajemъ (first-person plural present)
tupajete (plural present second-person)
tupajǫtь (plural present third-person)
tupaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
tupaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
tupaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
tupaji (imperative second-person singular)
tupaji (imperative singular third-person)
tupaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
tupaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
tupaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
tupajivě (dual first-person imperative)
tupajita (dual imperative second-person)
tupaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
tupaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
tupaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
tupajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
tupajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: ту́паць (túpacʹ)

Russian: ту́пать (túpatʹ)

Ukrainian: ту́пати (túpaty)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: ту́пам (túpam)

Macedonian: тупа (tupa)

West Slavic:

Polish: tupać

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: tupać

Lower Sorbian: tupaś

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewp-, with cognates Lithuanian tupė́ti (“to crowd, to squat”), Sanskrit तोपति (topati), तुपति (tupati, “to hurt”), Ancient Greek τύπτω (túptō, “to beat, to smite”), Latin stupeō (“to stun”), possibly Proto-Germanic *þeubaz (“thief”), *þubōną.


moldežь

moldežь (nominative singular)
moldeži (dual nominative)
moldeži (nominative plural)
moldeži (genitive singular)
moldežьju (dual genitive)
moldežьjь (genitive plural)
moldeži (dative singular)
moldežьma (dative dual)
moldežьmъ (dative plural)
moldežь (accusative singular)
moldeži (accusative dual)
moldeži (accusative plural)
moldežьjǫ (instrumental singular)
moldežьma (dual instrumental)
moldežьmi (instrumental plural)
moldeži (locative singular)
moldežьju (dual locative)
moldežьxъ (locative plural)
moldeži (singular vocative)
moldeži (dual vocative)
moldeži (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: молодежь (molodežĭ) (occasionally молодѣжь (moloděžĭ))

desc

Belarusian: молодзя́ж (molodzjáž), молодзéж (molodzéž), мо́ладзеш (móladzješ)

Russian: молоде́жь (molodéžʹ), мо́лодёжь (mólodjožʹ)

Ukrainian: мо́лодіж (mólodiž)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: младежь (mladežĭ) (occasionally младѣжь (mladěžĭ))

Bulgarian: младе́ж f (mladéž)

Macedonian: младеж (mladež)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: мла̏деж

Latin: mlȁdež

Slovene: mlȃdež (“new moon”)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: młodzéż

Old Czech: mládež

Czech: mládež

desctree

Old Polish: młodzież
Polish: młodzież
Silesian: modziyż

Slovak: mládež

From *molděti (“to appear young”) + *-ežь.