rovъ

rovъ (nominative singular)
rova (dual nominative)
rovi (nominative plural)
rova (genitive singular)
rovu (dual genitive)
rovъ (genitive plural)
rovu (dative singular)
rovoma (dative dual)
rovomъ (dative plural)
rovъ (accusative singular)
rova (accusative dual)
rovy (accusative plural)
rovъmь (instrumental singular)
rovomь (instrumental singular)
rovoma (dual instrumental)
rovy (instrumental plural)
rově (locative singular)
rovu (dual locative)
rověxъ (locative plural)
rove (singular vocative)
rova (dual vocative)
rovi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ровъ (rovŭ)

Belarusian: роў (roŭ)

Russian: ров (rov)

Ukrainian: рів (riv)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: ровъ (rovŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱃⱁⰲⱏ (rovŭ)

Bulgarian: ров (rov)

Macedonian: ров (rov)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ро̏в

Latin script: rȍv

Slovene: rȍv (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: rov (literary)

Polish: rów

Slovak: rov

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: row

Upper Sorbian: row

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *rawas, from Proto-Indo-European *(H)rewH- (“to dig out”). Cognate with Lithuanian rãvas (“ditch”), Old Prussian rawys (“ditch”).


mošьna

mošьnà (canonical feminine)
b (accent-paradigm)
mošьnà (nominative singular)
mošь̀ně (dual nominative)
mošьnỳ (nominative plural)
mošьnỳ (genitive singular)
mošьnù (dual genitive)
mošь̀nъ (genitive plural)
mošьně̀ (dative singular)
mošьnàma (dative dual)
mošьnàmъ (dative plural)
mošьnǫ̀ (accusative singular)
mošь̀ně (accusative dual)
mošьnỳ (accusative plural)
mošьnòjǫ (instrumental singular)
mošь̀nǫ (instrumental singular)
mošьnàma (dual instrumental)
mošьnàmī (instrumental plural)
mošьně̀ (locative singular)
mošьnù (dual locative)
mošьnàsъ (locative plural)
mošьnàxъ (locative plural)
mošьno (singular vocative)
mošь̀ně (dual vocative)
mošьnỳ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: мошна́ (mošná)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: мошьна (mošĭna)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: мо̏шња

Latin script: mȍšnja

Slovene: móšnjа (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: mošna

Moravian (Mistřice): mošňa

Polish: moszna

Slovak: mošna

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: mоšеń

Lower Sorbian: mоšуnа

From Proto-Indo-European *mak-s-in-eh₂. Baltic cognates include Lithuanian makšnà (“case”), Old Prussian dantimax (“gums”). Further cognates with Old High German mago (“stomach”).


krakati

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: кракати (krakati)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кра́кати

Latin script: krákati

Slovene: krakati

West Slavic:

Czech: krákat

Polish: krakać

Slovak: krákať

From imitative Proto-Indo-European *ker-. Baltic cognates include Latvian krãkât, Lithuanian krokoti. Further cognates with Latin crocire.

onom

imitative


krinica

East Slavic:

desc

Belarusian: крыні́ца (kryníca, “spring, source”)

Russian: крини́ца (kriníca, “spring, well”), крыни́ца (kryníca) (dialectal)

desctree

Ukrainian: крини́ця (krynýcja, “spring, well”)
→ Polish: krynica
→ Yiddish: קרעניצע (krenitse)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кр̀ница

Latin script: kr̀nica

desc

Slovene: krníca (“deep spot in river or lake, vortex, basin”)

West Slavic:

Polabian: krėnéica (“spring, well”)

Old Sorbian: krinica

Names:

Czech: Křinec, a town

Czech: Křinice, a village

Czech: Křeničná, a village

German: Krien, a village southwest of Anklam, 1253 Krina

German: Krienkowsee, a lake southwest of Boitzenburg

German: Obere Krienke, Untere Krienke, protrusions of the river Welse

German: Krönitz, Kreutz, a lake near Demmin formerly so called

German: Crinitz / Lower Sorbian: Krynica and formerly other forms, a village in Lower Lusatia

🖝 See Polish Wikipedia on “Krynica” for many places of this name in Poland.

Unknown, maybe identical to the container name *krina.

Boitzenburger Land
Crinitz
Demmin
Krien
Welse
pl:Krynica


bakati

bakanьje (noun-from-verb)
bakati (infinitive)
bakatъ (supine)
bakalъ (l-participle)
bakanъ (participle passive past)
bakajemъ (participle passive present)
bakavъ (active participle past)
bakaję (active participle present)
bakaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
baka (aorist second-person singular)
baka (aorist singular third-person)
bakajǫ (first-person present singular)
bakaješi (present second-person singular)
bakajetь (present singular third-person)
bakaxově (aorist dual first-person)
bakasta (aorist dual second-person)
bakaste (aorist dual third-person)
bakajevě (dual first-person present)
bakajeta (dual present second-person)
bakajete (dual present third-person)
bakaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
bakaste (aorist plural second-person)
bakašę (aorist plural third-person)
bakajemъ (first-person plural present)
bakajete (plural present second-person)
bakajǫtь (plural present third-person)
bakaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
bakaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
bakaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
bakaji (imperative second-person singular)
bakaji (imperative singular third-person)
bakaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
bakaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
bakaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
bakajivě (dual first-person imperative)
bakajita (dual imperative second-person)
bakaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
bakaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
bakaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
bakajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
bakajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: ба́каць (bákacʹ)

Russian: ба́кать (bákatʹ) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: ба́кати (bákaty)

West Slavic:

Czech: bakati, bákat (dialectal)

Old Polish: bakać

Polish: bakać

Most likely from *ba- (“to speak, to enchant”) + *-kati. Akin to Lithuanian bóskoti (“to tell”).


bakati

baknǫti (perfective)
bakanьje (noun-from-verb)
bakati (infinitive)
bakatъ (supine)
bakalъ (l-participle)
bakanъ (participle passive past)
bakajemъ (participle passive present)
bakavъ (active participle past)
bakaję (active participle present)
bakaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
baka (aorist second-person singular)
baka (aorist singular third-person)
bakajǫ (first-person present singular)
bakaješi (present second-person singular)
bakajetь (present singular third-person)
bakaxově (aorist dual first-person)
bakasta (aorist dual second-person)
bakaste (aorist dual third-person)
bakajevě (dual first-person present)
bakajeta (dual present second-person)
bakajete (dual present third-person)
bakaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
bakaste (aorist plural second-person)
bakašę (aorist plural third-person)
bakajemъ (first-person plural present)
bakajete (plural present second-person)
bakajǫtь (plural present third-person)
bakaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
bakaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
bakaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
bakaji (imperative second-person singular)
bakaji (imperative singular third-person)
bakaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
bakaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
bakaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
bakajivě (dual first-person imperative)
bakajita (dual imperative second-person)
bakaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
bakaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
bakaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
bakajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
bakajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

>? Ukrainian: ба́цати (bácaty), ба́цькати (bácʹkaty, “to push”) (if not from *batьcati)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: ба́кам (bákam) (obsolete, formal)

⇒ Bulgarian: ба́цам (bácam), ба́чкам (báčkam)

Macedonian: *бака (*baka) (outdated)

⇒ Macedonian: баца (baca, “to soil, to pollute”), бацува (bacuva, “to kiss”)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ба̀кати, ба̀цати

Latin script: bàkati, bàcati

Uncertain. Probably of expressive origin.
Outside of Slavic, formally resembles Ancient Greek βαστάζω (bastázō, “to carry, to handle”) and Latin *bastō (“to carry”), battuō (“to pound”), however, common origin is unlikely.

cog

to inflict, to exert (force, impact, damage)


kotьcь

kotьcь (nominative singular)
kotьca (dual nominative)
kotьci (nominative plural)
kotьca (genitive singular)
kotьcu (dual genitive)
kotьcь (genitive plural)
kotьcu (dative singular)
kotьcema (dative dual)
kotьcemъ (dative plural)
kotьcь (accusative singular)
kotьca (accusative dual)
kotьcę̇ (accusative plural)
kotьcьmь (instrumental singular)
kotьcemь (instrumental singular)
kotьcema (dual instrumental)
kotьci (instrumental plural)
kotьci (locative singular)
kotьcu (dual locative)
kotьcixъ (locative plural)
kotьče (singular vocative)
kotьca (dual vocative)
kotьci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: коте́ц (kotéc) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: коте́ць (kotécʹ)

South Slavic:

desc

котьць (kotĭcĭ)

Church Slavonic: котьць (kotĭcĭ)

Bulgarian: коте́ц (kotéc)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ко̀тац

Latin script: kòtac

Slovene: kótǝc (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kotec

Czech: kotec

desctree

Old Polish: kojec
Polish: kojec
→ Ukrainian: ко́єць (kójecʹ)

Slovak: kotec (dialectal)

Diminutive of an earlier *kotvь, *kotъ (u-stem) + *-ьcь. If native in origin, then may be a deverbial noun from Proto-Slavic *kotati (“to fold, to wrap”). Possibly distantly akin to Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬙𐬀 (kata, “room, hut”), Old English heaþor (“enclosure, jail”), Ancient Greek κοτύλη (kotúlē, “cup, pint”). Compared in the past with Old Norse kot (“cottage”), Middle Low German kote (“ramshackles”) (presumably from Proto-Germanic *kutą); however, nowadays, relation usually dismissed. Pokorny derives all of these from a tentative Proto-Indo-European *kot- (“dwelling space”).
If an orginal meaning “enclosure, interlacement” is presumed, then likely related to Proto-Slavic *košь (“basket”), *košara (“pen, sheepfold”).
Further resembling various wandering words throughout Eurasia: Proto-Uralic *kota (“hut”), Proto-Mongolic *kotan (“town”) (whence Mongolian хот (xot)), Turkish kodak (“shelter, home”).


mǫka

mǫ̀ka (canonical feminine)
a (accent-paradigm)
mǫ̀ka (nominative singular)
mǫ̀cě (dual nominative)
mǫ̀ky (nominative plural)
mǫ̀ky (genitive singular)
mǫ̀ku (dual genitive)
mǫ̀kъ (genitive plural)
mǫ̀cě (dative singular)
mǫ̀kama (dative dual)
mǫ̀kamъ (dative plural)
mǫ̀kǫ (accusative singular)
mǫ̀cě (accusative dual)
mǫ̀ky (accusative plural)
mǫ̀kojǫ (instrumental singular)
mǫ̀kǭ (instrumental singular)
mǫ̀kama (dual instrumental)
mǫ̀kamī (instrumental plural)
mǫ̀cě (locative singular)
mǫ̀ku (dual locative)
mǫ̀kasъ (locative plural)
mǫ̀kaxъ (locative plural)
mǫ̀ko (singular vocative)
mǫ̀cě (dual vocative)
mǫ̀ky (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: му́ка (múka)

Russian: му́ка (múka)

Ukrainian: му́ка (múka)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: мѫка (mǫka)

Glagolitic: ⰿⱘⰽⰰ (mǫka)

desc

Bulgarian: мъ́ка (mǎ́ka), мъ́нка (mǎ́nka) (dialectal)

Macedonian: мака (maka)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: му̏ка

Latin script: mȕka

Slovene: múka (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: muka, múka

Czech: muka

Kashubian: mãka

Old Polish: męka

Polish: męka

Slovak: muka

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: munka (“work”)

→ Romanian: muncă (“work”)


mǫka

mǭkà (canonical feminine)
b (accent-paradigm)
mǭkà (nominative singular)
mǫ̃cě (dual nominative)
mǭkỳ (nominative plural)
mǭkỳ (genitive singular)
mǭkù (dual genitive)
mǫ̃kъ (genitive plural)
mǭcě̀ (dative singular)
mǭkàma (dative dual)
mǭkàmъ (dative plural)
mǭkǫ̀ (accusative singular)
mǫ̃cě (accusative dual)
mǭkỳ (accusative plural)
mǭkòjǫ (instrumental singular)
mǫ̃kǫ (instrumental singular)
mǭkàma (dual instrumental)
mǭkàmī (instrumental plural)
mǭcě̀ (locative singular)
mǭkù (dual locative)
mǭkàsъ (locative plural)
mǭkàxъ (locative plural)
mǫko (singular vocative)
mǫ̃cě (dual vocative)
mǭkỳ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: мука (muka)

Old Ruthenian: мука́ (muká)

Belarusian: мука́ (muká)

Carpathian Rusyn: мука́ (muká)

Ukrainian: мука́ (muká)

Russian: мука́ (muká)

Russenorsk: mokka

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: мѫка (mǫka)

Glagolitic script: ⰿⱘⰽⰰ (mǫka)

Bulgarian: му́ка̥ (múkḁ) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: му́ка; мӯка̏, мука̏ (dialectal)

Latin script: múka; mūkȁ, mukȁ (dialectal)

Slovene: mọ́ka (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: múka

Czech: mouka; múka (obsolete)

Kashubian: mąka

Polabian: mǫkă

Old Polish: mąka

Polish: mąka; mǫka, můŋka (dialectal)

Slovak: múka

Slovincian: mõka

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: muka

Upper Sorbian: muka

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *mh₂ǵyéti, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂ǵ-, *meh₂ḱ- (“to knead”), see also Sanskrit मचते (macate), Latin mācerō, and Proto-West Germanic *makōn, English make.


kǫda

East Slavic:

Belarusian: куды́ (kudý)

Russian: куда́ (kudá)

Ukrainian: куди́ (kudý)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: кѫдѣ (kǫdě), кѫдоу (kǫdu)

Glagolitic script: [Term?]

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ку̀да

Latin script: kùda

Slovene: kọ̄d (tonal orthography), (obsolete) kọ́da (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: kudy

Old Polish: kędy, kąd

Slovak: kadiaľ

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷom-dʰ-. Baltic cognates include Old Prussian quendau (= kendau) in isquendau ("from where, whence"), from is "from" (cf. Lithuanian iš, Latvian iz, Proto-Slavic *jьz) + kendau.


košь

kòšь (canonical masculine)
b (accent-paradigm)
kòšь (nominative singular)
košà (dual nominative)
košì (nominative plural)
košà (genitive singular)
košù (dual genitive)
kòšь (genitive plural)
košù (dative singular)
košèma (dative dual)
kòšemъ (dative plural)
kòšь (accusative singular)
košà (accusative dual)
košę̇̀ (accusative plural)
košь̀mь (instrumental singular)
košèmь (instrumental singular)
košèma (dual instrumental)
kòši (instrumental plural)
košì (locative singular)
košù (dual locative)
kòšixъ (locative plural)
košu (singular vocative)
košà (dual vocative)
košì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: кош (koš)

Russian: кош (koš) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: кіш (kiš)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: кошь (košĭ)

Glagolitic: ⰽⱁⱎⱐ (košĭ)

Bulgarian: кош (koš, “basket”)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ко̏ш

Latin script: kȍš

Slovene: kȍš (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: koš

Czech: koš

Bohemian (Chod dialect): kůš

Polish: kosz

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: kòsz

Slovak: kôš

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: kóš

Non Slavic:

→ Hungarian: kas

→ Romanian: coș

Uncertain. Dersken and Vasmer point a similarity with Latin quālum (“hamper”) and its diminutive quasillum, however, both sources qualify it as dubious. If correct, then the Slavic term is likely a back-formation from Proto-Slavic *košelъ < Proto-Indo-European *kʷes- + *-slo-.
Another alternative is from *kаt- (“to chain”) + *-s- (derivative aorist marker) or (less likely) *kadʰ- (“to cover”) + *-s-. Neither of these roots is well-established, though. If correct, this would make *košь and its derivatives cognates with Proto-Slavic *kotьcь, Proto-Slavic *kotьlъ and probably Proto-Slavic *kǫťa. Plausible cognates outside of Slavic include Latin casa (“hut”), Latin cassis (“helmet”), Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬙𐬀 (kata, “chamber”), Middle Persian kwšk' (kōšk, “pavilion, kiosk”), and Proto-Germanic *hattuz (“hat”).
The meaning of the East Slavic term may have been affected by Old Turkic köç- (“migration”) → Kazakh көш (köş, “military camp”).


novakъ

novãkъ (canonical masculine)
b (accent-paradigm)
novãkъ (nominative singular)
novākà (dual nominative)
novācì (nominative plural)
novākà (genitive singular)
novākù (dual genitive)
novãkъ (genitive plural)
novākù (dative singular)
novākòma (dative dual)
novākòmъ (dative plural)
novãkъ (accusative singular)
novākà (accusative dual)
novākỳ (accusative plural)
novākъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
novākòmь (instrumental singular)
novākòma (dual instrumental)
novãky (instrumental plural)
novācě̀ (locative singular)
novākù (dual locative)
novãcěxъ (locative plural)
novače (singular vocative)
novākà (dual vocative)
novācì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Ukrainian: новак (novak)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: новакъ (novakŭ)

Bulgarian: нова́к (novák)

Macedonian: новак (novak)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: но̀ва̄к

Latin script: nòvāk, Nȍvāk

Slovene: novák, Novak

West Slavic:

Old Czech: novák

Czech: Novák

Polish: nowak (archaic), Nowak

Slovak: novák (archaic), Novák

From *novъ (“new”) + *-akъ. Cognate with Lithuanian naujõkas (“novice”), Ancient Greek νέᾱκος (néākos, “young man”).


šьvьcь

šьvьcь (nominative singular)
šьvьca (dual nominative)
šьvьci (nominative plural)
šьvьca (genitive singular)
šьvьcu (dual genitive)
šьvьcь (genitive plural)
šьvьcu (dative singular)
šьvьcema (dative dual)
šьvьcemъ (dative plural)
šьvьcь (accusative singular)
šьvьca (accusative dual)
šьvьcę̇ (accusative plural)
šьvьcьmь (instrumental singular)
šьvьcemь (instrumental singular)
šьvьcema (dual instrumental)
šьvьci (instrumental plural)
šьvьci (locative singular)
šьvьcu (dual locative)
šьvьcixъ (locative plural)
šьvьče (singular vocative)
šьvьca (dual vocative)
šьvьci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: шьвьць (šĭvĭcĭ)

Belarusian: шаве́ц (šavjéc)

Russian: швец (švec)

Ukrainian: швець (švecʹ)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ша́вац

Latin script: šávac

West Slavic:

Old Czech: švec

Czech: švec

Bohemian (Chod dialect): ševc

desctree

Old Polish: szwiec
Polish: szewc
Silesian: szwiec

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: szewc

Slovak: švec

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: šejc

Upper Sorbian: šewc

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sjuwikas, *sjuwikis. Equivalent to *šiti (“to sew”) + *-ьcь. Cognate with Lithuanian siuvìkas, siuvikis (“tailor”), Old Prussian schuwikis (“tailor”).

→ tailor, dressmaker (seamster who makes clothing)

→ cobbler, shoemaker (seamster who makes footwear)


šulo

šulo (nominative singular)
šulě (dual nominative)
šula (nominative plural)
šula (genitive singular)
šulu (dual genitive)
šulъ (genitive plural)
šulu (dative singular)
šuloma (dative dual)
šulomъ (dative plural)
šulo (accusative singular)
šulě (accusative dual)
šula (accusative plural)
šulъmь (instrumental singular)
šulomь (instrumental singular)
šuloma (dual instrumental)
šuly (instrumental plural)
šulě (locative singular)
šulu (dual locative)
šulěxъ (locative plural)
šulo (singular vocative)
šulě (dual vocative)
šula (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: шу́ла f (šúla)

Russian: шу́ло n (šúlo, “fence post”) (Western, dialectal), шу́ла f (šúla, “fence post”) (Smolensk)

Ukrainian: шу́ла f (šúla, “fence post”)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: шу̑љ m (“block”)

Latin script: shȗlj m

desc

Slovene: šulj m (“sawn-off trunk, block”)

West Slavic:

Old Polish: szuło n (“wooden pole”)

Cognate with Lithuanian šùlas (“post, pole, stave”), Old Prussian sulis (“stave”), and possibly Ancient Greek ξύλον (xúlon, “wood, beam”)


sъlojь

East Slavic:

Russian: слой (sloj)

Ukrainian: слій (slij)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: слой (sloj)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сло̑ј

Latin script: slȏj

Slovene: slòj (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: sloj

Polish: słój

Slovak: sloj

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: słoj


ščenę

ščȅnę (canonical neuter)
c (accent-paradigm)
ščȅnę (nominative singular)
ščȅnęti (dual nominative)
ščenętà (nominative plural)
ščȅnęte (genitive singular)
ščenętù (dual genitive)
ščenę̃tъ (genitive plural)
ščȅnęti (dative singular)
ščenętьmà (dative dual)
ščenę̃tьmъ (dative plural)
ščȅnę (accusative singular)
ščȅnęti (accusative dual)
ščenętà (accusative plural)
ščȅnętьmь (instrumental singular)
ščenętьmà (dual instrumental)
ščenętý (instrumental plural)
ščȅnęte (locative singular)
ščenętù (dual locative)
ščenę̃tьxъ (locative plural)
ščȅnę (singular vocative)
ščȅnęti (dual vocative)
ščenętà (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: щенѧ
Old Ruthenian: щенѧ́ (ščenjá)
Belarusian: шчаня́ (ščanjá), шчанё (ščanjó)
Carpathian Rusyn: щеня́ (ščenjá)
Ukrainian: щеня́ (ščenjá)
⇒ Middle Russian: щенокъ (ščenok) (c. 1618)
Russian: щено́к (ščenók)

Old Novgorodian: щенѧ

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Church Slavonic: штенѧ

Bulgarian: щене́ (štené)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: штѐне

Latin script: štène

Slovene: ščenè (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: ščeně

Czech: štěně

Kashubian: szczeniã

Polabian: stiną

Old Polish: szczenię

Polish: szczenię

Slovak: štеňа

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: šćenjo

Lower Sorbian: šćenje

Derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sken-, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ken-, with the suffix *-ę for forming names of young animals.


kǫsъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *kǫsъ (hard)

Definite declension of *kǫsъ (hard)

kǫsъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
kǫsa (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
kǫso (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
kǫsa (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
kǫsy (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
kǫsa (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
kǫsu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
kǫsě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
kǫsu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
kǫsъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
kǫsǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
kǫso (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
kǫsomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
kǫsojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
kǫsomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
kǫsě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
kǫsě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
kǫsě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
kǫse (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
kǫso (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
kǫso (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
kǫsa (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
kǫsě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
kǫsě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
kǫsu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
kǫsu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
kǫsu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
kǫsoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
kǫsama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
kǫsoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
kǫsa (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
kǫsě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
kǫsě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
kǫsoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
kǫsama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
kǫsoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
kǫsu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
kǫsu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
kǫsu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
kǫsa (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
kǫsě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
kǫsě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
kǫsi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
kǫsy (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
kǫsa (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
kǫsъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
kǫsъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
kǫsъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
kǫsomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
kǫsamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
kǫsomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
kǫsy (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
kǫsy (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
kǫsa (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
kǫsy (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
kǫsami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
kǫsy (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
kǫsěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
kǫsaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
kǫsěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
kǫsi (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
kǫsy (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
kǫsa (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
kǫsъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
kǫsaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
kǫsoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
kǫsajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
kǫsyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
kǫsajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
kǫsujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
kǫsěji (dative definite feminine singular)
kǫsujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
kǫsъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
kǫsǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
kǫsoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
kǫsyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
kǫsǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
kǫsyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
kǫsějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
kǫsěji (definite feminine locative singular)
kǫsějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
kǫsъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
kǫsaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
kǫsoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
kǫsaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
kǫsěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
kǫsěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
kǫsuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
kǫsuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
kǫsuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
kǫsyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
kǫsyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
kǫsyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
kǫsaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
kǫsěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
kǫsěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
kǫsyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
kǫsyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
kǫsyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
kǫsuju (definite dual locative masculine)
kǫsuju (definite dual feminine locative)
kǫsuju (definite dual locative neuter)
kǫsaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
kǫsěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
kǫsěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
kǫsiji (definite masculine nominative plural)
kǫsyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
kǫsaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
kǫsъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
kǫsъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
kǫsъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
kǫsyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
kǫsyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
kǫsyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
kǫsyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
kǫsyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
kǫsaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
kǫsyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
kǫsyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
kǫsyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
kǫsyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
kǫsyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
kǫsyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
kǫsiji (definite masculine plural vocative)
kǫsyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
kǫsaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: кꙋсꙑи (kusyi)

Russian: кусо́й (kusój) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: ку́сий (kúsyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: кѫсъ (kǫsŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰽⱘⱄⱏ (kǫsŭ)

Bulgarian: къс (kǎs)

Macedonian: кус (kus)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ку̑с

Latin script: kȗs

West Slavic:

Czech: kusý

Polish: kęsy, kusy

Slovak: kusý

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: kušy (“tailless”)

Upper Sorbian: kuṡi (“short”)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kanˀdas, akin to Lithuanian ką́sti (“to bite”), Latvian kuôst (“to bite”), further Ancient Greek κνώδων (knṓdōn, “type of sword”).

cog

→ short, brief

→ tailless (for animal)


kǫsъ

kǫ̑sъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
kǫ̑sъ (nominative singular)
kǫ̑sa (dual nominative)
kǫ̑si (nominative plural)
kǫ̑sa (genitive singular)
kǫsù (dual genitive)
kǫ̃sъ (genitive plural)
kǫ̑su (dative singular)
kǫsomà (dative dual)
kǫsòmъ (dative plural)
kǫ̑sъ (accusative singular)
kǫ̑sa (accusative dual)
kǫ̑sy (accusative plural)
kǫ̑sъmь (instrumental singular)
kǫ̑somь (instrumental singular)
kǫsomà (dual instrumental)
kǫsý (instrumental plural)
kǫ̑sě (locative singular)
kǫsù (dual locative)
kǫsě̃xъ (locative plural)
kǫse (singular vocative)
kǫ̑sa (dual vocative)
kǫ̑si (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: кꙋсъ (kusŭ)

Belarusian: кус (kus)

Russian: кус (kus) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: кус (kus)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: кѫсъ (kǫsŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰽⱘⱄⱏ (kǫsŭ)

Bulgarian: къс (kǎs); (dialectal) кус (kus)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ку̑с

Latin script: kȗs

Slovene: kọ̑s (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kus

Czech: kus

→ German: Kux

→ Polish: kuks

Old Polish: kęs

Polish: kęs

Silesian: kyns

Polabian: kǫs

Slovak: kus

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: kus

Upper Sorbian: kus


stydъ

stydъ (nominative singular)
styda (dual nominative)
stydi (nominative plural)
styda (genitive singular)
stydu (dual genitive)
stydъ (genitive plural)
stydu (dative singular)
stydoma (dative dual)
stydomъ (dative plural)
stydъ (accusative singular)
styda (accusative dual)
stydy (accusative plural)
stydъmь (instrumental singular)
stydomь (instrumental singular)
stydoma (dual instrumental)
stydy (instrumental plural)
stydě (locative singular)
stydu (dual locative)
styděxъ (locative plural)
styde (singular vocative)
styda (dual vocative)
stydi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *стꙑдъ (*stydŭ)

Old Ruthenian: стыдъ (styd)

Belarusian: стыд (styd) (dialectal)

Carpathian Rusyn: стыд (stŷd)

Ukrainian: стид (styd)

desc

Middle Russian: стыдъ (styd) (16-18ᵗʰ c.)

Russian: стыд (styd)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: стꙑдъ (stydŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱅⱏⰺⰴⱏ (stydŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сти̑д

Latin script: stȋd

Slovene: stȋd (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: styd

Kashubian: wstid; stid (rare)

Polish: wstyd

→ Old Ruthenian: встыдъ (vstyd), усты́дъ (ustýd)

Ukrainian: встид (vstyd), усти́д (ustýd) (dialectal)


svorbъ

svȏrbъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
svȏrbъ (nominative singular)
svȏrba (dual nominative)
svȏrbi (nominative plural)
svȏrba (genitive singular)
svorbù (dual genitive)
svõrbъ (genitive plural)
svȏrbu (dative singular)
svorbomà (dative dual)
svorbòmъ (dative plural)
svȏrbъ (accusative singular)
svȏrba (accusative dual)
svȏrby (accusative plural)
svȏrbъmь (instrumental singular)
svȏrbomь (instrumental singular)
svorbomà (dual instrumental)
svorbý (instrumental plural)
svȏrbě (locative singular)
svorbù (dual locative)
svorbě̃xъ (locative plural)
svorbe (singular vocative)
svȏrba (dual vocative)
svȏrbi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: своробъ (svorobŭ)

Belarusian: сво́раб (svórab) (archaic)

Russian: сво́роб (svórob) (archaic)

Ukrainian: сво́роб (svórob, “itch”) (archaic), своріб (svorib, “scabies”)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: сврабъ (svrabŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⰲⱃⰰⰱⱏ (svrabŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: свра̑б

Latin script: svrȃb

Slovene: srȃb (tonal orthography) (earlier svrȃb)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: svrab

Czech: svrab

Kashubian: swôrb, svôrb (alternate orthography)

Lower Sorbian: swjerbota, swjerbjenje

Polish: świerzb

Slovak: svrab

From Proto-Indo-European *sworbʰ-o-, cognate with Proto-Germanic *swarbaz (whence Old Norse svarf (“grit, metalic dust”), English swarf). Synchronically, an o-grade action noun of *svьrběti (“to itch”) + *-ъ.


krěpъkъ

krě̑pъkъ (canonical)
a (accent-paradigm)
krěpъkъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
krěpъka (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
krěpъko (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
krěpъka (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
krěpъky (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
krěpъka (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
krěpъku (dative indefinite masculine singular)
krěpъkě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
krěpъku (dative indefinite neuter singular)
krěpъkъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
krěpъkǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
krěpъko (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
krěpъkomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
krěpъkojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
krěpъkomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
krěpъkě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
krěpъkě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
krěpъkě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
krěpъke (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
krěpъko (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
krěpъko (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
krěpъka (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
krěpъkě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
krěpъkě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
krěpъku (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
krěpъku (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
krěpъku (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
krěpъkoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
krěpъkama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
krěpъkoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
krěpъka (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
krěpъkě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
krěpъkě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
krěpъkoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
krěpъkama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
krěpъkoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
krěpъku (dual indefinite locative masculine)
krěpъku (dual feminine indefinite locative)
krěpъku (dual indefinite locative neuter)
krěpъka (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
krěpъkě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
krěpъkě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
krěpъki (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
krěpъky (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
krěpъka (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
krěpъkъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
krěpъkъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
krěpъkъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
krěpъkomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
krěpъkamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
krěpъkomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
krěpъky (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
krěpъky (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
krěpъka (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
krěpъky (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
krěpъkami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
krěpъky (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
krěpъkěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
krěpъkaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
krěpъkěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
krěpъki (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
krěpъky (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
krěpъka (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
a (accent-paradigm)
krěpъkъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
krěpъkaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
krěpъkoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
krěpъkajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
krěpъkyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
krěpъkajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
krěpъkujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
krěpъkěji (dative definite feminine singular)
krěpъkujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
krěpъkъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
krěpъkǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
krěpъkoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
krěpъkyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
krěpъkǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
krěpъkyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
krěpъkějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
krěpъkěji (definite feminine locative singular)
krěpъkějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
krěpъkъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
krěpъkaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
krěpъkoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
krěpъkaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
krěpъkěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
krěpъkěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
krěpъkuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
krěpъkuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
krěpъkuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
krěpъkyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
krěpъkyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
krěpъkyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
krěpъkaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
krěpъkěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
krěpъkěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
krěpъkyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
krěpъkyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
krěpъkyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
krěpъkuju (definite dual locative masculine)
krěpъkuju (definite dual feminine locative)
krěpъkuju (definite dual locative neuter)
krěpъkaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
krěpъkěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
krěpъkěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
krěpъkiji (definite masculine nominative plural)
krěpъkyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
krěpъkaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
krěpъkъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
krěpъkъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
krěpъkъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
krěpъkyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
krěpъkyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
krěpъkyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
krěpъkyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
krěpъkyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
krěpъkaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
krěpъkyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
krěpъkyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
krěpъkyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
krěpъkyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
krěpъkyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
krěpъkyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
krěpъkiji (definite masculine plural vocative)
krěpъkyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
krěpъkaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *krěpъkъ (hard, accent paradigm a)

Definite declension of *krěpъkъ (hard, accent paradigm a)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: крэ́пкі (krépki)

Russian: кре́пкий (krépkij)

Ukrainian: кріпки́й (kripkýj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: крѣпъкъ (krěpŭkŭ)

Glagolitic: ⰽⱃⱑⱂⱏⰽⱏ (krěpŭkŭ)

Bulgarian: кре́пък (krépǎk)

Macedonian: кре́пок (krépok)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кре̏пак

Latin script: krȅpak

Slovene: krẹ́pǝk (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: křěpký

Czech: křepký

Polish: krzepki

Slovak: krepký

Extended from *krěpъ + *-ъkъ. According to Derksen, possibly akin to Icelandic hræfa (“to endure, to tolerate”), from Proto-Indo-European *kreh₁p-. Kroonen considers a possible (but not certain) borrowing from Germanic.
See also Proto-Slavic *krěti, *krějati/*krьjati (“to recover, to gather strength”) (whence Bulgarian крея (kreja), Czech křáti).


sytъ

sỳtъ (canonical)
sytъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
syta (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
syto (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
syta (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
syty (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
syta (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
sytu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
sytě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
sytu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
sytъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
sytǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
syto (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
sytomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
sytojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
sytomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
sytě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
sytě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
sytě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
syte (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
syto (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
syto (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
syta (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
sytě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
sytě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
sytu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
sytu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
sytu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
sytoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
sytama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
sytoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
syta (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
sytě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
sytě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
sytoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
sytama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
sytoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
sytu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
sytu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
sytu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
syta (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
sytě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
sytě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
syti (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
syty (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
syta (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
sytъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
sytъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
sytъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
sytomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
sytamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
sytomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
syty (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
syty (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
syta (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
syty (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
sytami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
syty (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
sytěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
sytaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
sytěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
syti (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
syty (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
syta (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
sytъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
sytaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
sytoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
sytajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
sytyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
sytajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
sytujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
sytěji (dative definite feminine singular)
sytujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
sytъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
sytǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
sytoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
sytyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
sytǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
sytyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
sytějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
sytěji (definite feminine locative singular)
sytějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
sytъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
sytaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
sytoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
sytaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
sytěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
sytěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
sytuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
sytuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
sytuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
sytyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
sytyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
sytyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
sytaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
sytěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
sytěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
sytyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
sytyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
sytyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
sytuju (definite dual locative masculine)
sytuju (definite dual feminine locative)
sytuju (definite dual locative neuter)
sytaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
sytěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
sytěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
sytiji (definite masculine nominative plural)
sytyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
sytaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
sytъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
sytъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
sytъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
sytyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
sytyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
sytyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
sytyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
sytyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
sytaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
sytyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
sytyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
sytyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
sytyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
sytyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
sytyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
sytiji (definite masculine plural vocative)
sytyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
sytaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *sytъ (hard)

Definite declension of *sytъ (hard)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: сы́ты (sýty)

Russian: сы́тый (sýtyj)

Ukrainian: си́тий (sýtyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: сꙑтъ (sytŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱏⰹⱅⱏ (sytŭ)

Bulgarian: сит (sit)

Macedonian: сит (sit)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: си̏т

Latin script: sȉt

Slovene: sȉt (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: sytý

Czech: sytý

Kashubian: sëti (“fat”)

Polish: syty, syt

Slovak: sýty

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: syty

Disputed:
* Traditionally has been associated with Lithuanian sótus (“satieted”), Latvian sāts (“satiety”), from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂- (“to satiate”). The root vocalism -y- in this case is problematic. Per Hirt, possibly derived from an earlier participle *sōut- (modern *sh₂-wénts ~ *suh₂-n̥tés > pre-Slavic *sųtъ), cognate with Ancient Greek ᾱ̓́ων (ā́ōn), Sanskrit सिन्व (sinva). Uhlenbeck had proposed borrowing from Gothic 𐍃𐍉𐌸𐍃 (sōþs) which is usually dismissed on phonetic basis (expected would have been **sutъ).
* Snoj alternatively derives it from Proto-Indo-European *sewh₃- (“abundant, full”), akin to Hittite 𒋗𒌋𒍑 (šu-u-uš, “full”) (u-stem).
See also Polish suty (“copious”) < *sutъ.


surovъ

sùrovъ (canonical)
suròvъ (canonical)
surovъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
surova (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
surovo (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
surova (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
surovy (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
surova (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
surovu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
surově (dative feminine indefinite singular)
surovu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
surovъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
surovǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
surovo (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
surovomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
surovojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
surovomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
surově (indefinite locative masculine singular)
surově (feminine indefinite locative singular)
surově (indefinite locative neuter singular)
surove (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
surovo (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
surovo (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
surova (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
surově (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
surově (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
surovu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
surovu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
surovu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
surovoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
surovama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
surovoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
surova (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
surově (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
surově (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
surovoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
surovama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
surovoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
surovu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
surovu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
surovu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
surova (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
surově (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
surově (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
surovi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
surovy (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
surova (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
surovъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
surovъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
surovъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
surovomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
surovamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
surovomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
surovy (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
surovy (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
surova (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
surovy (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
surovami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
surovy (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
surověxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
surovaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
surověxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
surovi (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
surovy (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
surova (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
surovъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
surovaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
surovoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
surovajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
surovyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
surovajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
surovujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
surověji (dative definite feminine singular)
surovujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
surovъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
surovǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
surovoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
surovyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
surovǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
surovyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
surovějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
surověji (definite feminine locative singular)
surovějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
surovъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
surovaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
surovoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
surovaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
surověji (definite dual feminine nominative)
surověji (definite dual neuter nominative)
surovuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
surovuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
surovuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
surovyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
surovyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
surovyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
surovaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
surověji (accusative definite dual feminine)
surověji (accusative definite dual neuter)
surovyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
surovyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
surovyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
surovuju (definite dual locative masculine)
surovuju (definite dual feminine locative)
surovuju (definite dual locative neuter)
surovaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
surověji (definite dual feminine vocative)
surověji (definite dual neuter vocative)
suroviji (definite masculine nominative plural)
surovyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
surovaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
surovъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
surovъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
surovъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
surovyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
surovyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
surovyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
surovyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
surovyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
surovaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
surovyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
surovyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
surovyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
surovyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
surovyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
surovyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
suroviji (definite masculine plural vocative)
surovyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
surovaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *surovъ (hard)

Definite declension of *surovъ (hard)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: суровъ (surovŭ)

Old Ruthenian: суровый (surovyj)

Belarusian: суро́вы (suróvy)

Ukrainian: суро́вий (suróvyj)

Russian: суро́вый (suróvyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱆⱃⱁⰲⱏ (surovŭ)

Old Cyrillic script: соуровъ (surovŭ)

desc

Bulgarian: суро́в (suróv); су́ров (súrov), су́рав (súrav) (dialectal)

Macedonian: суров (surov)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сѝров

Latin script: sȉrov

Slovene: surȍv (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: surový

Kashubian: sërowi

Old Polish: surowy

Polish: surowy

Silesian: surowy

Slovak: surový

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: surowy

Upper Sorbian: surowy


studъ

stȗdъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
stȗdъ (nominative singular)
stȗda (dual nominative)
stȗdi (nominative plural)
stȗda (genitive singular)
studù (dual genitive)
stũdъ (genitive plural)
stȗdu (dative singular)
studomà (dative dual)
studòmъ (dative plural)
stȗdъ (accusative singular)
stȗda (accusative dual)
stȗdy (accusative plural)
stȗdъmь (instrumental singular)
stȗdomь (instrumental singular)
studomà (dual instrumental)
studý (instrumental plural)
stȗdě (locative singular)
studù (dual locative)
studě̃xъ (locative plural)
stude (singular vocative)
stȗda (dual vocative)
stȗdi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: студь (studʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: студъ (studŭ)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: студ (stud)

Macedonian: студ (stud)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сту̑д

Latin script: stȗd

Slovene: stȗd (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: stud

Polish: ostuda

Slovak: stud

According to Pokorny, from Proto-Indo-European *stewe- (“to get tight, dense”), comparable to Ancient Greek στύω (stúō, “to make stiff”), Sanskrit स्तुका (stukā, “tight tuft of wool”).


somъ

sòmъ (canonical masculine)
b (accent-paradigm)
sòmъ (nominative singular)
somà (dual nominative)
somì (nominative plural)
somà (genitive singular)
somù (dual genitive)
sòmъ (genitive plural)
somù (dative singular)
somòma (dative dual)
somòmъ (dative plural)
sòmъ (accusative singular)
somà (accusative dual)
somỳ (accusative plural)
somъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
somòmь (instrumental singular)
somòma (dual instrumental)
sòmy (instrumental plural)
somě̀ (locative singular)
somù (dual locative)
sòměxъ (locative plural)
some (singular vocative)
somà (dual vocative)
somì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old Ruthenian: сомъ (som)
Belarusian: сом (som)
Ukrainian: сом (som); сім (sim), сум (sum), сон (son) (dialectal)

Middle Russian: сомъ (som)

Russian: сом (som)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: сом (som)

Macedonian: сом (som)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: со̏м

Latin script: sȍm

Slovene: sòm (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: som

⇒ Czech: sumec

Old Polish: som

Polish: sum

Old Slovak: som

Slovak: sumec

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: som

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śámas, cognate to Latvian sams, Lithuanian šãmas, further etymology unknown.


stonъ

stonъ (nominative singular)
stona (dual nominative)
stoni (nominative plural)
stona (genitive singular)
stonu (dual genitive)
stonъ (genitive plural)
stonu (dative singular)
stonoma (dative dual)
stonomъ (dative plural)
stonъ (accusative singular)
stona (accusative dual)
stony (accusative plural)
stonъmь (instrumental singular)
stonomь (instrumental singular)
stonoma (dual instrumental)
stony (instrumental plural)
stoně (locative singular)
stonu (dual locative)
stoněxъ (locative plural)
stone (singular vocative)
stona (dual vocative)
stoni (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: стон (ston)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: стон (ston)

West Slavic:

Czech: ston

Slovak: ston

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *stanas, from Proto-Indo-European *stón-os, from *sten-. Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek στόνος (stónos, “sighing, moaning”).


strǫkъ

strǫkъ (nominative singular)
strǫka (dual nominative)
strǫci (nominative plural)
strǫka (genitive singular)
strǫku (dual genitive)
strǫkъ (genitive plural)
strǫku (dative singular)
strǫkoma (dative dual)
strǫkomъ (dative plural)
strǫkъ (accusative singular)
strǫka (accusative dual)
strǫky (accusative plural)
strǫkъmь (instrumental singular)
strǫkomь (instrumental singular)
strǫkoma (dual instrumental)
strǫky (instrumental plural)
strǫcě (locative singular)
strǫku (dual locative)
strǫcěxъ (locative plural)
strǫče (singular vocative)
strǫka (dual vocative)
strǫci (plural vocative)

East Slavic (with diminutive):

Belarusian: стручок (stručók)

Russian: стручок (stručok)

Ukrainian: стручок (stručok)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: стрък (strǎk)

Macedonian: струк (struk)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: стру̑к

Latin script: strȗk

Slovene: strȍk (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: struk

Czech: struk

Bohemian (Chod dialect): struk

Kashubian: strãk

Polish: strąk

Slovak: struk

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: truk

Lower Sorbian: tšuk

From Proto-Indo-European *stronk-o-. Per Derksen, cognate with Latin truncus.


solpъ

sȏlpъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
sȏlpъ (nominative singular)
sȏlpa (dual nominative)
sȏlpi (nominative plural)
sȏlpa (genitive singular)
solpù (dual genitive)
sõlpъ (genitive plural)
sȏlpu (dative singular)
solpomà (dative dual)
solpòmъ (dative plural)
sȏlpъ (accusative singular)
sȏlpa (accusative dual)
sȏlpy (accusative plural)
sȏlpъmь (instrumental singular)
sȏlpomь (instrumental singular)
solpomà (dual instrumental)
solpý (instrumental plural)
sȏlpě (locative singular)
solpù (dual locative)
solpě̃xъ (locative plural)
solpe (singular vocative)
sȏlpa (dual vocative)
sȏlpi (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic: слапъ (slapŭ, “torrent”)

desc

Bulgarian: слап (slap, “wave”), слап (slap, “slant, tilt”) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сла̑п

Latin script: slȃp

Slovene: slȃp (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: slap

Slovak: slap

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *salpás, probably from an extension of Proto-Indo-European *sel- (“to flow, to slide, to thrust”). Cognate with Lithuanian sal̃pas (“river cove, creek, backwater”), salpà (“flood-land, river cove, creek, backwater”). Possibly more distantly akin to Old Prussian salus (“downpour”).

cog

(rare) tilt, slant (in dialectal Bulgarian)

→ waterfall


strupъ

strȗpъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
strȗpъ (nominative singular)
strȗpa (dual nominative)
strȗpi (nominative plural)
strȗpa (genitive singular)
strupù (dual genitive)
strũpъ (genitive plural)
strȗpu (dative singular)
strupomà (dative dual)
strupòmъ (dative plural)
strȗpъ (accusative singular)
strȗpa (accusative dual)
strȗpy (accusative plural)
strȗpъmь (instrumental singular)
strȗpomь (instrumental singular)
strupomà (dual instrumental)
strupý (instrumental plural)
strȗpě (locative singular)
strupù (dual locative)
strupě̃xъ (locative plural)
strupe (singular vocative)
strȗpa (dual vocative)
strȗpi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: струпъ (strupŭ)

Belarusian: струп (strup)

Russian: струп (strup)

Ukrainian: струп (strup)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: стрoупъ (stroupŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱅⱃⱁⱆⱂⱏ (stroupŭ)

Bulgarian: струп (strup) (dialectal)

Macedonian: струп (strup)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: стру̑п

Latin script: strȗp

Slovene: strȗp (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: strup

Czech: strup

Moravian (Mistřice): strup

Old Polish: strup

Polish: strup

Slovincian: strëp

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: trup

Lower Sorbian: tšup

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *(s)raupas, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)rowpos.
Cognate with Latvian raupa, Lithuanian raupaĩ.


stьblo

stьblò (canonical neuter)
b (accent-paradigm)
stьblò (nominative singular)
stь̀blě (dual nominative)
stьblà (nominative plural)
stьblà (genitive singular)
stьblù (dual genitive)
stь̀blъ (genitive plural)
stьblù (dative singular)
stьblòma (dative dual)
stьblòmъ (dative plural)
stьblò (accusative singular)
stь̀blě (accusative dual)
stьblà (accusative plural)
stьblъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
stьblòmь (instrumental singular)
stьblòma (dual instrumental)
stь̀bly (instrumental plural)
stьblě̀ (locative singular)
stьblù (dual locative)
stь̀blěxъ (locative plural)
stьblò (singular vocative)
stь̀blě (dual vocative)
stьblà (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: стьбло (stĭblo), стебло (steblo, “stem, stalk”)

Old Belarusian: стебло (steblo)

Belarusian: сцябло́ (scjabló), сцебло́ (scjebló), сцэбло́ (scebló)

Russian: стебло́ (stebló, “stem, stalk”) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: стебло́ (stebló), стябло́ (stjabló)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: стьбло (stĭblo)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱅⱐⰱⰾⱁ (stĭblo)

Bulgarian: стъбло́ (stǎbló), стебло́ (stebló, “stem, stalk”) (dialectal)

Macedonian: стебло (steblo)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ста́бло

Latin script: stáblo

Slovene: stéblọ, steblọ̀ (“stem, stalk, trunk”)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: stblo (“stalk, straw”)

Czech: stéblo; zblo (“stalk, straw”) (dialectal)

Kashubian: stebło, scbło

Polabian: ståblǘ

Old Polish: śćbło
Polish: źdźbło

Old Slovak: steblo

Slovak: steblo (“stalk, straw”)

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: spłо; zbło (dialectal)

⇒ Upper Sorbian: stwjelco; spjelco (dialectal)

From *stьbъ (“stem, stalk, trunk”) + *-lo.


strъjь

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: стрꙑи (stryi), стръи (strŷi)

Old Ruthenian: стрый (stryj)

Belarusian: стрый (stryj) (dialectal)

Carpathian Rusyn: стрый (strŷj)

Ukrainian: стрий (stryj) (dialectal)

Russian: строй (stroj), стрый (stryj) (dialectal, archaic)

Old Novgorodian: стръи (strŷi)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Serbian Church Slavonic: стрꙑи (stryi)

West Slavic:

Old Polish: stryj

Polish: stryj

Polabian: stråjă

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *struyós
Proto-Balto-Slavic *strujas
Proto-Slavic *strъjь
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *strujas, from Proto-Indo-European *stru-yós, from *stru- (“gray-haired, old”). Cognate with Lithuanian strùjus (“uncle, old man”), Irish sruith (“wise man, sage”).
Vasmer says that it can be from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr (cf. Latin patruus). Morphologically ptr->ttr->str + Proto-Balto-Slavic *-jas.

etymon

стрик

Old Ruthenian: стрыкъ (stryk); Ukrainian


strьžьnь

strь̏žьnь (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
strь̏žьnь (nominative singular)
strь̏žьni (dual nominative)
strь̏žьnьjē (nominative plural)
strь̏žьňē (nominative plural)
strьžьní (genitive singular)
strьžьnьjù (dual genitive)
strьžьňu (dual genitive)
strьžьnь̀jь (genitive plural)
strь̏žьni (dative singular)
strьžьnьmà (dative dual)
strь̏žьnьmъ (dative plural)
strь̏žьnь (accusative singular)
strь̏žьni (accusative dual)
strь̏žьni (accusative plural)
strь̏žьnьmь (instrumental singular)
strьžьnьmà (dual instrumental)
strьžьnьmì (instrumental plural)
strьžьní (locative singular)
strьžьnьjù (dual locative)
strьžьňu (dual locative)
strь̏žьnьxъ (locative plural)
strьžьni (singular vocative)
strь̏žьni (dual vocative)
strь̏žьnьjē (plural vocative)
strь̏žьňē (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: стрьжьнъ (strĭžĭnŭ), стръжьнь (strŭžĭnĭ)

Belarusian: стры́жень (strýžjenʹ)

Russian: сте́ржень (stérženʹ); (dialectal) стре́жень (stréženʹ)

Ukrainian: стри́жень (strýženʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: стръжьнь (strŭžĭnĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱅⱃⱏⰶⱐⱀⱐ (strŭžĭnĭ)

Slovene: stržẹ̑n (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: stržen, střen

Czech: dřeň

Kashubian: dërżeń, drëżeń, drzéń, drzón

desctree

Old Polish: drzeń
Polish: rdzeń
Silesian: drzyń

Slovak: stržeň

Generalized from the oblique stem of an earlier n-stem Proto-Balto-Slavic *strigē̃n ~ *strígenes. Cognate with Old Prussian strigeno (“brain, marrow”).
Further origin traditionally derived (per Trautmann, Iljinsky, Vasmer) from Proto-Indo-European *streyg- (“to strike”) with Winter's law blocked in vicinaty of a nasal. Derksen suggests instead *streygʰ- (according to Rasmussen, maybe *streygʷʰ-), perhaps akin to Polish *strząc (“to shake”) (with n-infix), Lithuanian strìgti (“to stick”), Latvian strigt (“to tighten”).
An ad hoc hypothesis due to Sobolevsky proposes origin from formally incompatible *strъgati (“to scrape”), with root -ь- due to assimilation (vowel harmony) or under the influence of *strьmь (“steep, abrupt; absolutely”).


solna

solnà (canonical feminine)
b (accent-paradigm)
sōlnà (nominative singular)
sõlně (dual nominative)
sōlnỳ (nominative plural)
sōlnỳ (genitive singular)
sōlnù (dual genitive)
sõlnъ (genitive plural)
sōlně̀ (dative singular)
sōlnàma (dative dual)
sōlnàmъ (dative plural)
sōlnǫ̀ (accusative singular)
sõlně (accusative dual)
sōlnỳ (accusative plural)
sōlnòjǫ (instrumental singular)
sõlnǫ (instrumental singular)
sōlnàma (dual instrumental)
sōlnàmī (instrumental plural)
sōlně̀ (locative singular)
sōlnù (dual locative)
sōlnàsъ (locative plural)
sōlnàxъ (locative plural)
solno (singular vocative)
sõlně (dual vocative)
sōlnỳ (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: слана (slana)

Unspecified script:

Bulgarian: слана́ (slaná)

Macedonian: слана (slana)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сла́на

Latin script: slána

Slovene: slána (tonal orthography)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śalˀnā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱolH-n-eh₂. Cognate with Latvian sal̂na (“light frost”), Lithuanian šalnà (“light frost”), Proto-Germanic *hehlǭ.


studenъ

studènъ (canonical)
studènъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
studèna (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
studèno (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
studèna (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
studèny (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
studèna (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
studènu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
studèně (dative feminine indefinite singular)
studènu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
studènъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
studènǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
studèno (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
studènomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
studènojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
studènomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
studèně (indefinite locative masculine singular)
studèně (feminine indefinite locative singular)
studèně (indefinite locative neuter singular)
studène (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
studèno (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
studèno (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
studèna (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
studèně (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
studèně (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
studènu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
studènu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
studènu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
studènoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
studènama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
studènoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
studèna (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
studèně (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
studèně (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
studènoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
studènama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
studènoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
studènu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
studènu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
studènu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
studèna (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
studèně (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
studèně (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
studèni (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
studèny (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
studèna (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
studènъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
studènъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
studènъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
studènomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
studènamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
studènomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
studèny (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
studèny (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
studèna (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
studèny (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
studènami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
studèny (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
studèněxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
studènaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
studèněxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
studèni (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
studèny (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
studèna (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
studènъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
studènaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
studènoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
studènajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
studènyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
studènajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
studènujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
studèněji (dative definite feminine singular)
studènujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
studènъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
studènǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
studènoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
studènyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
studènǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
studènyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
studènějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
studèněji (definite feminine locative singular)
studènějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
studènъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
studènaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
studènoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
studènaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
studèněji (definite dual feminine nominative)
studèněji (definite dual neuter nominative)
studènuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
studènuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
studènuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
studènyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
studènyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
studènyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
studènaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
studèněji (accusative definite dual feminine)
studèněji (accusative definite dual neuter)
studènyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
studènyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
studènyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
studènuju (definite dual locative masculine)
studènuju (definite dual feminine locative)
studènuju (definite dual locative neuter)
studènaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
studèněji (definite dual feminine vocative)
studèněji (definite dual neuter vocative)
studèniji (definite masculine nominative plural)
studènyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
studènaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
studènъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
studènъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
studènъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
studènyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
studènyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
studènyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
studènyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
studènyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
studènaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
studènyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
studènyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
studènyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
studènyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
studènyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
studènyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
studèniji (definite masculine plural vocative)
studènyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
studènaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *studenъ (hard)

Definite declension of *studenъ (hard)

East Slavic:

Russian: студёный (studjónyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: стоуденъ (studenŭ)

Glagolitic: ⱄⱅⱆⰴⰵⱀⱏ (studenŭ)

Bulgarian: студе́н (studén)

Macedonian: студен (studen)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сту̀ден

Latin script: stùden

Slovene: studèn (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: studený

Czech: studený

Slovak: studený


badlovati

badlovanьje (noun-from-verb)
badlovati (infinitive)
badlovatъ (supine)
badlovalъ (l-participle)
badlovanъ (participle passive past)
badlujemъ (participle passive present)
badlovavъ (active participle past)
badluję (active participle present)
badlovaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
badlova (aorist second-person singular)
badlova (aorist singular third-person)
badlujǫ (first-person present singular)
badluješi (present second-person singular)
badlujetь (present singular third-person)
badlovaxově (aorist dual first-person)
badlovasta (aorist dual second-person)
badlovaste (aorist dual third-person)
badlujevě (dual first-person present)
badlujeta (dual present second-person)
badlujete (dual present third-person)
badlovaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
badlovaste (aorist plural second-person)
badlovašę (aorist plural third-person)
badlujemъ (first-person plural present)
badlujete (plural present second-person)
badlujǫtь (plural present third-person)
badlovaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
badlovaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
badlovaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
badluji (imperative second-person singular)
badluji (imperative singular third-person)
badlovaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
badlovaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
badlovaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
badlujivě (dual first-person imperative)
badlujita (dual imperative second-person)
badlovaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
badlovaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
badlovaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
badlujimъ (first-person imperative plural)
badlujite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: балава́ць (balavácʹ)

Russian: балова́ть (balovátʹ)

Ukrainian: балува́ти (baluváty)

South Slavic:

desc

Old Church Slavonic: убаловати (ubalovati)

Bulgarian: бало́вам (balóvam) (dialectal)

Slovene: balováti

West Slavic:

Slovak: balovac (dialectal)


badli

badli (nominative singular)
badlьji (dual nominative)
badlьję̇ (nominative plural)
badlьję̇ (genitive singular)
badlьju (dual genitive)
badlьjь (genitive plural)
badlьji (dative singular)
badlьjama (dative dual)
badlьjamъ (dative plural)
badlьjǫ (accusative singular)
badlьji (accusative dual)
badlьję̇ (accusative plural)
badlьjejǫ (instrumental singular)
badlьjǫ (instrumental singular)
badlьjama (dual instrumental)
badlьjami (instrumental plural)
badlьji (locative singular)
badlьju (dual locative)
badlьjasъ (locative plural)
badlьjaxъ (locative plural)
badlьje (singular vocative)
badlьji (dual vocative)
badlьję̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: балии (balii), балиꙗ (balija, “physician, enchanter”)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: балии (balii), бали (bali, “physician”)

Glagolitic script: ⰱⰰⰾⰻⰻ (balii), ⰱⰰⰾⰻ (bali)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bāˀdlis, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂dʰlis, from *bʰéh₂ti.


koverslo

koverslo (nominative singular)
koverslě (dual nominative)
koversla (nominative plural)
koversla (genitive singular)
koverslu (dual genitive)
koverslъ (genitive plural)
koverslu (dative singular)
koversloma (dative dual)
koverslomъ (dative plural)
koverslo (accusative singular)
koverslě (accusative dual)
koversla (accusative plural)
koverslъmь (instrumental singular)
koverslomь (instrumental singular)
koversloma (dual instrumental)
koversly (instrumental plural)
koverslě (locative singular)
koverslu (dual locative)
koverslěxъ (locative plural)
koverslo (singular vocative)
koverslě (dual vocative)
koversla (plural vocative)

East Slavic: —

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ковре́сло, ковријѐсло


vęslo

vęslo (nominative singular)
vęslě (dual nominative)
vęsla (nominative plural)
vęsla (genitive singular)
vęslu (dual genitive)
vęslъ (genitive plural)
vęslu (dative singular)
vęsloma (dative dual)
vęslomъ (dative plural)
vęslo (accusative singular)
vęslě (accusative dual)
vęsla (accusative plural)
vęslъmь (instrumental singular)
vęslomь (instrumental singular)
vęsloma (dual instrumental)
vęsly (instrumental plural)
vęslě (locative singular)
vęslu (dual locative)
vęslěxъ (locative plural)
vęslo (singular vocative)
vęslě (dual vocative)
vęsla (plural vocative)

Church Slavonic: вѩсло (Russian)

East Slavic:

Russian: вясло (vjaslo)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: весло (veslo)


bel(e)niti

belniti (canonical)
belňenьje (noun-from-verb)
beleňenьje (noun-from-verb)
belniti (infinitive)
beleniti (infinitive)
belnitъ (supine)
belenitъ (supine)
belnilъ (l-participle)
belenilъ (l-participle)
belňenъ (participle passive past)
beleňenъ (participle passive past)
belnimъ (participle passive present)
belenimъ (participle passive present)
belňь (active participle past)
beleňь (active participle past)
belnę (active participle present)
belenę (active participle present)
belnixъ (aorist first-person singular)
belenixъ (aorist first-person singular)
belni (aorist second-person singular)
beleni (aorist second-person singular)
belni (aorist singular third-person)
beleni (aorist singular third-person)
belňǫ (first-person present singular)
beleňǫ (first-person present singular)
belniši (present second-person singular)
beleniši (present second-person singular)
belnitь (present singular third-person)
belenitь (present singular third-person)
belnixově (aorist dual first-person)
belenixově (aorist dual first-person)
belnista (aorist dual second-person)
belenista (aorist dual second-person)
belniste (aorist dual third-person)
beleniste (aorist dual third-person)
belnivě (dual first-person present)
belenivě (dual first-person present)
belnita (dual present second-person)
belenita (dual present second-person)
belnite (dual present third-person)
belenite (dual present third-person)
belnixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
belenixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
belniste (aorist plural second-person)
beleniste (aorist plural second-person)
belnišę (aorist plural third-person)
belenišę (aorist plural third-person)
belnimъ (first-person plural present)
belenimъ (first-person plural present)
belnite (plural present second-person)
belenite (plural present second-person)
belnętь (plural present third-person)
belenętь (plural present third-person)
belňaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
beleňaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
belňaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
beleňaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
belňaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
beleňaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
belni (imperative second-person singular)
beleni (imperative second-person singular)
belni (imperative singular third-person)
beleni (imperative singular third-person)
belňaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
beleňaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
belňaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
beleňaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
belňaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
beleňaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
belnivě (dual first-person imperative)
belenivě (dual first-person imperative)
belnita (dual imperative second-person)
belenita (dual imperative second-person)
belňaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
beleňaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
belňaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
beleňaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
belňaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
beleňaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
belnimъ (first-person imperative plural)
belenimъ (first-person imperative plural)
belnite (imperative plural second-person)
belenite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

узбелени́ться

Russian: узбелени́ться (uzbelenítʹsja, “to become infuriated”) (dialectal), болони́ть (bolonítʹ, “to pester bore”) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: блену́вам (blenúvam, “to be poisoned by henbane, day-dream”)

Macedonian: бленува (blenuva, “to dream”)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бла́нити (“to go crazy, rage”)

Latin script: blániti

Slovene: blencáti (“to talk in ones sleep, rave, chatter”), belendáti (“rave, phantasize”) (from Hungarian)

West Slavic:

Czech: blenovati (“to chatter”)


pręslo

pręslo (nominative singular)
pręslě (dual nominative)
pręsla (nominative plural)
pręsla (genitive singular)
pręslu (dual genitive)
pręslъ (genitive plural)
pręslu (dative singular)
pręsloma (dative dual)
pręslomъ (dative plural)
pręslo (accusative singular)
pręslě (accusative dual)
pręsla (accusative plural)
pręslъmь (instrumental singular)
pręslomь (instrumental singular)
pręsloma (dual instrumental)
pręsly (instrumental plural)
pręslě (locative singular)
pręslu (dual locative)
pręslěxъ (locative plural)
pręslo (singular vocative)
pręslě (dual vocative)
pręsla (plural vocative)

Church Slavonic: прѧсло (Serbian)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: прѧсло

Russian: пря́сло (prjáslo)

Ukrainian: пря́сло (prjáslo)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пре̏слица

Latin script: prȅslica

Slovene: prẹ́slo, prẹ́slica, preslica

West Slavic:

Czech: přáslo, přeslice

Polish: przęsło

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: přaslen

From *pręsti (“to spin”) + *-slo. Cognate with Latvian sprieslis, Old English sprindel.


soxa

soxà (canonical feminine)
c (accent-paradigm)
soxà (nominative singular)
sȍśě (dual nominative)
sȍxy (nominative plural)
soxý (genitive singular)
soxù (dual genitive)
sòxъ (genitive plural)
sośě̀ (dative singular)
soxàma (dative dual)
soxàmъ (dative plural)
sȍxǫ (accusative singular)
sȍśě (accusative dual)
sȍxy (accusative plural)
soxojǫ́ (instrumental singular)
soxàma (dual instrumental)
soxàmi (instrumental plural)
sȍśě (locative singular)
soxù (dual locative)
soxàsъ (locative plural)
soxàxъ (locative plural)
soxo (singular vocative)
sȍśě (dual vocative)
sȍxy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: соха (soxa)

Belarusian: саха́ (saxá)

Russian: соха́ (soxá)

Ukrainian: соха́ (soxá)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: соха́ (sohá)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: со̀ха

Latin script: sòha

Slovene: sóhа (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: socha

Czech: socha

Moravian (Mistřice): socha

Old Polish: socha

Polish: socha

Old Slovak: socha

Slovak: socha

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: socha

Upper Sorbian: socha

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śokˀāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱokh₂-. Cognates within Baltic include Latvian sakas pl (“collar”), čaka (“stick”), Lithuanian šakà, šãkė (“branch”). Further related to Gothic 𐌷𐍉𐌷𐌰 (hōha, “plough”), Sanskrit शाखा (śākhā, “branch”). The Slavic *-x- is typically explained as result of spirantization of PIE *-kh₂-. Compare however Russian осо́ка (osóka, “sedge”), possibly from the same root.
Additionally reminiscent of Proto-Germanic *sahsą (“stone, knife”), Latin saxum (“stone”) from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”) (whence Proto-Slavic *sěčivo (“edge tool”)).


basnь

bàsnь (canonical feminine)
a (accent-paradigm)
bàsnь (nominative singular)
bàsni (dual nominative)
bàsni (nominative plural)
bàsnī (genitive singular)
bàsnьju (dual genitive)
bàsnьjь (genitive plural)
bàsni (dative singular)
bàsnьma (dative dual)
bàsnьmъ (dative plural)
bàsnь (accusative singular)
bàsni (accusative dual)
bàsni (accusative plural)
bàsnьjǫ (instrumental singular)
bàsnьma (dual instrumental)
bàsnьmī (instrumental plural)
bàsnī (locative singular)
bàsnьju (dual locative)
bàsnьxъ (locative plural)
basni (singular vocative)
bàsni (dual vocative)
bàsni (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: баснь (basnʹ) (archaic), ба́сня (básnja)

Ukrainian: ба́сні (básni)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: баснь (basnĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰱⰰⱄⱀⱐ (basnĭ)

Bulgarian: ба́сня (básnja), ба́сница (básnica)

Macedonian: басна (basna)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ба̏сна

Latin script: bȁsna

Slovene: bȃsen (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: básn

Czech: báseň

Old Polish: baśń
Polish: baśń

Slovak: báseň

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: basń

Upper Sorbian: basń, basnica

Non-Slavic:

→ Romanian: basm

Action noun of *bati, *bajati (“to tell, to narate”) + *-snь, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (“to speak, to tell”). Akin to Latin fābula (“narative”), Proto-Germanic *bōniz (“prayer”) and formally related to Ancient Greek φάσμα (phásma, “apparition, phantom”) (from another meaning of the same PIE root).

cog

tale, poem, fable (succinct instructive story)


meslo

meslo (canonical neuter)
mesla (canonical feminine)
meslo (nominative singular)
meslě (dual nominative)
mesla (nominative plural)
mesla (genitive singular)
meslu (dual genitive)
meslъ (genitive plural)
meslu (dative singular)
mesloma (dative dual)
meslomъ (dative plural)
meslo (accusative singular)
meslě (accusative dual)
mesla (accusative plural)
meslъmь (instrumental singular)
meslomь (instrumental singular)
mesloma (dual instrumental)
mesly (instrumental plural)
meslě (locative singular)
meslu (dual locative)
meslěxъ (locative plural)
meslo (singular vocative)
meslě (dual vocative)
mesla (plural vocative)
mesla (nominative singular)
meslě (dual nominative)
mesly (nominative plural)
mesly (genitive singular)
meslu (dual genitive)
meslъ (genitive plural)
meslě (dative singular)
meslama (dative dual)
meslamъ (dative plural)
meslǫ (accusative singular)
meslě (accusative dual)
mesly (accusative plural)
meslojǫ (instrumental singular)
meslǫ (instrumental singular)
meslama (dual instrumental)
meslami (instrumental plural)
meslě (locative singular)
meslu (dual locative)
meslasъ (locative plural)
meslaxъ (locative plural)
meslo (singular vocative)
meslě (dual vocative)
mesly (plural vocative)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: meslo n

Czech: meslo n, mesło n, mesła f


věko

a (accent-paradigm)
věko (nominative singular)
vě̀cě (dual nominative)
vě̀ka (nominative plural)
vě̀ka (genitive singular)
vě̀ku (dual genitive)
vě̀kъ (genitive plural)
vě̀ku (dative singular)
vě̀koma (dative dual)
vě̀komъ (dative plural)
věko (accusative singular)
vě̀cě (accusative dual)
vě̀ka (accusative plural)
vě̀kъmь (instrumental singular)
vě̀komь (instrumental singular)
vě̀koma (dual instrumental)
vě̀kȳ (instrumental plural)
vě̀cě (locative singular)
vě̀ku (dual locative)
vě̀cě̄xъ (locative plural)
věko (singular vocative)
vě̀cě (dual vocative)
vě̀ka (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: вѣко (věko)

Old Ruthenian: вѣко (věko)

Belarusian: ве́ка (vjéka)

Ukrainian: віко (viko)

Russian: ве́ко (véko)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: вѣко (věko)

Slovene: véka (tonal orthography), véko (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vieko

Czech: víko

Moravian: věko, viko

Polish: wieko

Slovak: veko

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: wjeko

Lower Sorbian: wjeko

Baltic cognates include Latvian vâks (“lid, eyelid”), Lithuanian vókas (“eyelid, envelope”).


solvъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *solvъ (hard)

Definite declension of *solvъ (hard)

solvъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
solva (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
solvo (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
solva (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
solvy (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
solva (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
solvu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
solvě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
solvu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
solvъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
solvǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
solvo (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
solvomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
solvojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
solvomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
solvě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
solvě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
solvě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
solve (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
solvo (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
solvo (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
solva (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
solvě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
solvě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
solvu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
solvu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
solvu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
solvoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
solvama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
solvoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
solva (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
solvě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
solvě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
solvoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
solvama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
solvoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
solvu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
solvu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
solvu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
solva (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
solvě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
solvě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
solvi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
solvy (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
solva (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
solvъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
solvъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
solvъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
solvomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
solvamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
solvomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
solvy (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
solvy (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
solva (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
solvy (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
solvami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
solvy (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
solvěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
solvaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
solvěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
solvi (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
solvy (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
solva (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
solvъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
solvaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
solvoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
solvajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
solvyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
solvajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
solvujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
solvěji (dative definite feminine singular)
solvujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
solvъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
solvǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
solvoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
solvyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
solvǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
solvyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
solvějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
solvěji (definite feminine locative singular)
solvějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
solvъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
solvaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
solvoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
solvaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
solvěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
solvěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
solvuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
solvuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
solvuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
solvyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
solvyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
solvyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
solvaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
solvěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
solvěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
solvyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
solvyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
solvyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
solvuju (definite dual locative masculine)
solvuju (definite dual feminine locative)
solvuju (definite dual locative neuter)
solvaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
solvěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
solvěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
solviji (definite masculine nominative plural)
solvyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
solvaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
solvъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
solvъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
solvъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
solvyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
solvyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
solvyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
solvyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
solvyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
solvaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
solvyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
solvyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
solvyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
solvyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
solvyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
solvyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
solviji (definite masculine plural vocative)
solvyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
solvaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: соло́вꙑи (solóvyi, “light red color with white tail and mane (about horses)”)

Old Ruthenian: соло́вый (solóvyj, “bay (hair coat color of horses)”)

Ukrainian: соло́вий (solóvyj, “yellowish-grey”)

Russian: соло́вый (solóvyj, “light bay”), солово́й (solovój, “yellowish-grey”)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

⇒ Russian Church Slavonic: славоочиѥ (slavoočije, “blue-gray (of eyes)”)

From Proto-Indo-European *solHwos. Indo-European cognates include Old High German salwo (“dirty yellow”), Old Irish salach (“dirty”).

solviti

grow dim (of the eyes); become lethargic, sleepy


vidъ

vȋdъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
vȋdъ (nominative singular)
vȋda (dual nominative)
vȋdi (nominative plural)
vȋda (genitive singular)
vidù (dual genitive)
vĩdъ (genitive plural)
vȋdu (dative singular)
vidomà (dative dual)
vidòmъ (dative plural)
vȋdъ (accusative singular)
vȋda (accusative dual)
vȋdy (accusative plural)
vȋdъmь (instrumental singular)
vȋdomь (instrumental singular)
vidomà (dual instrumental)
vidý (instrumental plural)
vȋdě (locative singular)
vidù (dual locative)
vidě̃xъ (locative plural)
vide (singular vocative)
vȋda (dual vocative)
vȋdi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: видъ (vidŭ)

Old Ruthenian: видъ (vid)

Belarusian: від (vid)

Carpathian Rusyn: вид (vyd)

Ukrainian: вид (vyd)

Russian: вид (vid)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: видъ (vidŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰲⰹⰴⱏ (vidŭ)

Bulgarian: вид (vid)

Macedonian: вид (vid)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ви̑д

Latin script: vȋd

Slovene: vȋd (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: vid

Polish: wid (obsolete)

Slovak: vid

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wéiˀdas (“appearance”), from Proto-Indo-European *wéyd-o-s, from *weyd- (“to know, see”). Cognate with Lithuanian véidas (“face”), Latvian veĩds (“form, shape”), and Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos, “form, shape, appearance, look”). Further akin to Sanskrit वेद m (véda, “knowledge, perception”), वेदस् (védas), Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬜𐬀𐬵 (vaēδah), Old Irish fíad, Welsh gŵydd.

cog

na vidъ

in appearance/form, on the surface, seemingly


dernъ

dẽrnъ (canonical masculine)
b (accent-paradigm)
dẽrnъ (nominative singular)
dērnà (dual nominative)
dērnì (nominative plural)
dērnà (genitive singular)
dērnù (dual genitive)
dẽrnъ (genitive plural)
dērnù (dative singular)
dērnòma (dative dual)
dērnòmъ (dative plural)
dẽrnъ (accusative singular)
dērnà (accusative dual)
dērnỳ (accusative plural)
dērnъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
dērnòmь (instrumental singular)
dērnòma (dual instrumental)
dẽrny (instrumental plural)
dērně̀ (locative singular)
dērnù (dual locative)
dẽrněxъ (locative plural)
derne (singular vocative)
dērnà (dual vocative)
dērnì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: дрѣнъ (drěnŭ)

Old Ruthenian:

Ukrainian: дере́н (derén)

→ Old Polish: deren

Polish: dereń

desc

Russian: дёрен (djóren), дерён (derjón) — obsolete, dialectal

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: дрян (drjan), (dialectal) дрен (dren)

Macedonian: дрен (dren)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: дрије̑н, дре̏н

Latin script: drijȇn, drȅn

Slovene: drȅn (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: drzòn, dréżòn

Old Czech: dřien

Czech: dřín

Old Polish: drzon

Polish: drzón

Polabian: dren

Slovak: drieň

Slovincian: drzón

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: drěn

Lower Sorbian: dŕon

Non-Slavic:

→ Old High German: tyrn, tirnpaumâ, tirnboumâ, dirnbaum, tirnboum, dirnboum

Alemannic German: Tierlibaum

Bavarian German: Dirndl n or f, Dirndlstrauch m, Dirndlbaum m, Dirnleinbaum m, Dirnlein n, Dirle f, Dirliz f (only the first two seem recent)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *dʰergʰnós (“sloetree, blackbush”). Cognate with Proto-Celtic *dragenā (“blackthorn”) (whence Irish draighean, Welsh draen) and Ancient Greek τέρχνος (térkhnos, “twig, young shoot”).

cog

(originally) thorn bush, blackthorn, thorns

European cornel
European cornel#Translingual

cornel (any tree or shrub of genus European cornel)


dročiti

dročenьje (noun-from-verb)
dročiti (infinitive)
dročitъ (supine)
dročilъ (l-participle)
dročenъ (participle passive past)
dročimъ (participle passive present)
dročь (active participle past)
dročę (active participle present)
dročixъ (aorist first-person singular)
droči (aorist second-person singular)
droči (aorist singular third-person)
dročǫ (first-person present singular)
dročiši (present second-person singular)
dročitь (present singular third-person)
dročixově (aorist dual first-person)
dročista (aorist dual second-person)
dročiste (aorist dual third-person)
dročivě (dual first-person present)
dročita (dual present second-person)
dročite (dual present third-person)
dročixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
dročiste (aorist plural second-person)
dročišę (aorist plural third-person)
dročimъ (first-person plural present)
dročite (plural present second-person)
dročętь (plural present third-person)
dročaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
dročaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
dročaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
droči (imperative second-person singular)
droči (imperative singular third-person)
dročaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
dročaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
dročaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
dročivě (dual first-person imperative)
dročita (dual imperative second-person)
dročaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
dročaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
dročaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
dročimъ (first-person imperative plural)
dročite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: дрочи́ть (dročítʹ)

Ukrainian: дрочи́ти (dročýty)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: дро́ча (dróča) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: дро̏чити

Latin script: drȍčiti

West Slavic:

Polish: droczyć

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *drok-. Baltic cognates include Latvian dracît (“to scold”).


krivьda

a (accent-paradigm)
krìvьda (nominative singular)
krìvьdě (dual nominative)
krìvьdy (nominative plural)
krìvьdy (genitive singular)
krìvьdu (dual genitive)
krìvьdъ (genitive plural)
krìvьdě (dative singular)
krìvьdama (dative dual)
krìvьdamъ (dative plural)
krìvьdǫ (accusative singular)
krìvьdě (accusative dual)
krìvьdy (accusative plural)
krìvьdojǫ (instrumental singular)
krìvьdǭ (instrumental singular)
krìvьdama (dual instrumental)
krìvьdamī (instrumental plural)
krìvьdě (locative singular)
krìvьdu (dual locative)
krìvьdasъ (locative plural)
krìvьdaxъ (locative plural)
krìvьdo (singular vocative)
krìvьdě (dual vocative)
krìvьdy (plural vocative)

Church Slavonic: кривьда (krivĭda)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: кривьда (krivĭda)

desc

Belarusian: крыўда (kryŭda, “falsehood”)

Russian: кривда (krivda, “falsehood”)

Old Ukrainian: кривда (krivda)

Ukrainian: кривда (kryvda, “falsehood”)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: кривьда (krivĭda)

Glagolitic script: ⰽⱃⰹⰲⱐⰴⰰ (krivĭda)

Bulgarian: кри́вда (krívda)

Macedonian: кривда (krivda)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кри̑вда

Latin script: krȋvda

Slovene: krívda

West Slavic:

Old Czech: křivda

Czech: křivda

Old Polish: krzywda

Polish: krzywda

Slovak: krivda

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: křiwda

Lower Sorbian: kśiwda

From *kriviti + *-ьda, from *krivъ + *-iti.