ostroga

ostroga (nominative singular)
ostrodzě (dual nominative)
ostrogy (nominative plural)
ostrogy (genitive singular)
ostrogu (dual genitive)
ostrogъ (genitive plural)
ostrodzě (dative singular)
ostrogama (dative dual)
ostrogamъ (dative plural)
ostrogǫ (accusative singular)
ostrodzě (accusative dual)
ostrogy (accusative plural)
ostrogojǫ (instrumental singular)
ostrogǫ (instrumental singular)
ostrogama (dual instrumental)
ostrogami (instrumental plural)
ostrodzě (locative singular)
ostrogu (dual locative)
ostrogasъ (locative plural)
ostrogaxъ (locative plural)
ostrogo (singular vocative)
ostrodzě (dual vocative)
ostrogy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

⇒ Old East Slavic: острогатъ (ostrogatŭ)

Russian: остро́г (ostróg), острога́ (ostrogá), остро́га (ostróga) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: остро́га (ostróha)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: о̏струга

Latin script: ȍstruga

Slovene: ostróga (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: ostroh, ostruha

Polabian: våstrügă

Old Polish: ostroga

Polish: ostroga

Old Slovak: ostroha

Slovak: ostroh, ostroha

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: wótšog, wótšoga

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: ösztöke


dupę

dupę (nominative singular)
dupęti (dual nominative)
dupęta (nominative plural)
dupęte (genitive singular)
dupętu (dual genitive)
dupętъ (genitive plural)
dupęti (dative singular)
dupętьma (dative dual)
dupętьmъ (dative plural)
dupę (accusative singular)
dupęti (accusative dual)
dupęta (accusative plural)
dupętьmь (instrumental singular)
dupętьma (dual instrumental)
dupęty (instrumental plural)
dupęte (locative singular)
dupętu (dual locative)
dupętьxъ (locative plural)
dupę (singular vocative)
dupęti (dual vocative)
dupęta (plural vocative)


prǫtъ

prǫ̑tъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
prǫ̑tъ (nominative singular)
prǫ̑ta (dual nominative)
prǫ̑ti (nominative plural)
prǫ̑ta (genitive singular)
prǫtù (dual genitive)
prǫ̃tъ (genitive plural)
prǫ̑tu (dative singular)
prǫtomà (dative dual)
prǫtòmъ (dative plural)
prǫ̑tъ (accusative singular)
prǫ̑ta (accusative dual)
prǫ̑ty (accusative plural)
prǫ̑tъmь (instrumental singular)
prǫ̑tomь (instrumental singular)
prǫtomà (dual instrumental)
prǫtý (instrumental plural)
prǫ̑tě (locative singular)
prǫtù (dual locative)
prǫtě̃xъ (locative plural)
prǫte (singular vocative)
prǫ̑ta (dual vocative)
prǫ̑ti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: прут (prut)

Russian: прут (prut)

Carpathian Rusyn: прут (prut)

Ukrainian: прут (prut)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: прѫтъ (prǫtŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱂⱃⱘⱅⱏ (prǫtŭ)

Bulgarian: прът (prǎt), прънт (prǎnt) (dialectal)

Macedonian: прат (prat)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пру̑т

Latin script: prȗt

Slovene: prọ̑t (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: prut

Czech: prut

Kashubian: prãt

Polabian: prǫt

Polish: pręt

Slovak: prút

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: pšut

Upper Sorbian: prut

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)per- (“to spring, to sprout”) + *-ǫtъ, related to Proto-Slavic *prędati (“to lead”), Proto-Germanic *sprintaną (“to prance”).
Vasmer and Machek suggest original meaning leap → shoot, sprout with similar semantic shift as Russian побе́г (pobég, “flight; fig. sprout”). Possibly related to Proto-Slavic *prytь (“outbreak”), Proto-Germanic *sprutô (“sprout”).


dumati

dumanьje (noun-from-verb)
dumati (infinitive)
dumatъ (supine)
dumalъ (l-participle)
dumanъ (participle passive past)
dumajemъ (participle passive present)
dumavъ (active participle past)
dumaję (active participle present)
dumaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
duma (aorist second-person singular)
duma (aorist singular third-person)
dumajǫ (first-person present singular)
dumaješi (present second-person singular)
dumajetь (present singular third-person)
dumaxově (aorist dual first-person)
dumasta (aorist dual second-person)
dumaste (aorist dual third-person)
dumajevě (dual first-person present)
dumajeta (dual present second-person)
dumajete (dual present third-person)
dumaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
dumaste (aorist plural second-person)
dumašę (aorist plural third-person)
dumajemъ (first-person plural present)
dumajete (plural present second-person)
dumajǫtь (plural present third-person)
dumaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
dumaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
dumaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
dumaji (imperative second-person singular)
dumaji (imperative singular third-person)
dumaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
dumaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
dumaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
dumajivě (dual first-person imperative)
dumajita (dual imperative second-person)
dumaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
dumaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
dumaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
dumajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
dumajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: думати (dumati)

Belarusian: ду́маць (dúmacʹ)

Russian: ду́мать (dúmatʹ)

Ukrainian: ду́мати (dúmaty)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: ду́мам (dúmam, “I say”)

Macedonian: дума (duma) (archaic)

Serbo-Croatian:

desc

Cyrillic script: ду̏мати (“to think, to dream (of)”)

Latin script: dȕmati (“to think, to dream (of)”)

West Slavic:

Czech: dumat (“to muse”)

Polish: dumać (“to muse, to ponder”)

→ Latvian: domāt (“to think, to suppose”)

Origin disputed, theory of Germanic borrowing is not confirmed and heavily contested.
Either from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke”), akin to Proto-Slavic *duti (“to blow, to inflate”), *dymъ (“smoke”) or
a loan from a reflex of Proto-Germanic *dōmijaną (“to judge, think”), or derived from *duma, nonetheless from Germanic. The exact donor language cannot be ascertained.


krikъ

krȋkъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
krȋkъ (nominative singular)
krȋka (dual nominative)
krȋci (nominative plural)
krȋka (genitive singular)
krikù (dual genitive)
krĩkъ (genitive plural)
krȋku (dative singular)
krikomà (dative dual)
krikòmъ (dative plural)
krȋkъ (accusative singular)
krȋka (accusative dual)
krȋky (accusative plural)
krȋkъmь (instrumental singular)
krȋkomь (instrumental singular)
krikomà (dual instrumental)
kriký (instrumental plural)
krȋcě (locative singular)
krikù (dual locative)
kricě̃xъ (locative plural)
kriče (singular vocative)
krȋka (dual vocative)
krȋci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: крикъ (krikŭ)

Belarusian: крык (kryk)

Russian: крик (krik)

Ukrainian: крик (kryk)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: крикъ (krikŭ)

Macedonian: крик (krik)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кри̑к

Latin script: krȉk

Slovene: krȋk (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: krzëk, krzik

Old Czech: křik

Czech: křik

Moravian (Mistřice): křik

Old Polish: krzyk

Polish: krzyk

Silesian: krzik

Slovak: krik

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: křik

Lower Sorbian: kśik

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreik-, ultimately of onomatopoeic origin. Cognate with Proto-Germanic *hraigrô (“heron”), Welsh crëyr (“heron”), Ancient Greek κρίζω (krízō, “to creak, screech”), Latvian krikа (“laughing”).


xapati

xāpàti (canonical imperfective)
xapnǫti (perfective)
b (accent-paradigm)
xapanьje (noun-from-verb)
xapati (infinitive)
xapatъ (supine)
xapalъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
xapanъ (participle passive past)
xapľemъ (participle passive present)
xapavъ (active participle past)
xapľę (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
xapaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
xapa (aorist second-person singular)
xapa (aorist singular third-person)
xapľǫ (first-person present singular)
xapľeši (present second-person singular)
xapľetь (present singular third-person)
xapaxově (aorist dual first-person)
xapasta (aorist dual second-person)
xapaste (aorist dual third-person)
xapľevě (dual first-person present)
xapľeta (dual present second-person)
xapľete (dual present third-person)
xapaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
xapaste (aorist plural second-person)
xapašę (aorist plural third-person)
xapľemъ (first-person plural present)
xapľete (plural present second-person)
xapľǫtь (plural present third-person)
xapaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
xapaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
xapaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
xapľi (imperative second-person singular)
xapľi (imperative singular third-person)
xapaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
xapaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
xapaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
xapľivě (dual first-person imperative)
xapľita (dual imperative second-person)
xapaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
xapaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
xapaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
xapľimъ (first-person imperative plural)
xapľite (imperative plural second-person)
b (accent-paradigm)
xapanьje (noun-from-verb)
xapati (infinitive)
xapatъ (supine)
xapalъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
xapanъ (participle passive past)
xapajemъ (participle passive present)
xapavъ (active participle past)
xapaję (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
xapaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
xapa (aorist second-person singular)
xapa (aorist singular third-person)
xapajǫ (first-person present singular)
xapaješi (present second-person singular)
xapajetь (present singular third-person)
xapaxově (aorist dual first-person)
xapasta (aorist dual second-person)
xapaste (aorist dual third-person)
xapajevě (dual first-person present)
xapajeta (dual present second-person)
xapajete (dual present third-person)
xapaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
xapaste (aorist plural second-person)
xapašę (aorist plural third-person)
xapajemъ (first-person plural present)
xapajete (plural present second-person)
xapajǫtь (plural present third-person)
xapaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
xapaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
xapaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
xapaji (imperative second-person singular)
xapaji (imperative singular third-person)
xapaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
xapaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
xapaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
xapajivě (dual first-person imperative)
xapajita (dual imperative second-person)
xapaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
xapaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
xapaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
xapajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
xapajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: хапати (xapati, “to seize, to bite, to sting, to trample”) (11th century; accent paradigm b)

Belarusian: хапа́ць (xapácʹ, “to grab”)

Russian: ха́пать (xápatʹ, “to seize, to grab”)

Ukrainian: хапа́ти (xapáty, “to seize, to steal, to grab”)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: хапати (xapati, “to bite”), хапьѭще (xapĭjǫšte, “(while) biting”, nom. masc. pl. pres. act. part.)

Bulgarian: ха́пя (hápja, “to bite”)

Macedonian: апе (ape, “to bite”)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: апати (“to bite, to sting”) (dialectal)

Latin script: apati (“to bite, to sting”) (dialectal)

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: hȃpati (“to snap, (reflexive) to seize”) (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

desc

Czech: chápat (“to grasp, to understand, to seize”)

desctree

Polish: chapać (“to seize”)
→ Yiddish: כאַפּן (khapn)

Slovak: сháраť (“to understand”)

Slovincian: chapac (“to seize”)

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: chapjaś

Onomatopoeic. Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *kʰap-, but it is nowadays reconstructed as *keh₂p- and would therefore be a separate onomatopoeia.
Morphologically, could be an intensive form of Proto-Slavic *xopiti (“to grab”) (with enlonged grade) + *-jeti.

to seize, to snatch, to snap (in West, East Slavic; Slovene)


berďь

bèrďь (canonical)
berďь (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
berďa (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
berďe (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
berďa (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
berďę̇ (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
berďa (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
berďu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
berďi (dative feminine indefinite singular)
berďu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
berďь (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
berďǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
berďe (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
berďemь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
berďejǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
berďemь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
berďi (indefinite locative masculine singular)
berďi (feminine indefinite locative singular)
berďi (indefinite locative neuter singular)
berďu (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
berďe (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
berďe (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
berďa (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
berďi (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
berďi (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
berďu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
berďu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
berďu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
berďema (dative dual indefinite masculine)
berďama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
berďema (dative dual indefinite neuter)
berďa (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
berďi (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
berďi (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
berďema (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
berďama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
berďema (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
berďu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
berďu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
berďu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
berďa (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
berďi (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
berďi (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
berďi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
berďę̇ (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
berďa (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
berďь (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
berďь (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
berďь (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
berďemъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
berďamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
berďemъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
berďę̇ (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
berďę̇ (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
berďa (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
berďi (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
berďami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
berďi (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
berďixъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
berďaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
berďixъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
berďi (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
berďę̇ (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
berďa (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
berďьjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
berďaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
berďeje (definite neuter nominative singular)
berďajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
berďę̇ję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
berďajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
berďujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
berďiji (dative definite feminine singular)
berďujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
berďьjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
berďǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
berďeje (accusative definite neuter singular)
berďijimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
berďǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
berďijimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
berďijemь (definite locative masculine singular)
berďiji (definite feminine locative singular)
berďijemь (definite locative neuter singular)
berďьjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
berďaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
berďeje (definite neuter singular vocative)
berďaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
berďiji (definite dual feminine nominative)
berďiji (definite dual neuter nominative)
berďuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
berďuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
berďuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
berďijima (dative definite dual masculine)
berďijima (dative definite dual feminine)
berďijima (dative definite dual neuter)
berďaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
berďiji (accusative definite dual feminine)
berďiji (accusative definite dual neuter)
berďijima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
berďijima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
berďijima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
berďuju (definite dual locative masculine)
berďuju (definite dual feminine locative)
berďuju (definite dual locative neuter)
berďaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
berďiji (definite dual feminine vocative)
berďiji (definite dual neuter vocative)
berďiji (definite masculine nominative plural)
berďę̇ję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
berďaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
berďьjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
berďьjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
berďьjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
berďijimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
berďijimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
berďijimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
berďę̇ję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
berďę̇ję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
berďaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
berďijimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
berďijimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
berďijimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
berďijixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
berďijixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
berďijixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
berďiji (definite masculine plural vocative)
berďę̇ję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
berďaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *berďь (soft)

Definite declension of *berďь (soft)

East Slavic:

Russian: бережая (berežaja)

Ukrainian: бережа (bereža)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: брѣжда (brěžda)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бређа

Latin script: bređa

Slovene: brẹ́ja (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: břězí

Czech: březí

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *berˀdjāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerh₁dyeh₂ (or *bʰerh₁deh₂ + *-j-), from *bʰer- (“to bear (give birth to)”) + *-d-.
Compare Lithuanian ber̃ždžias (“barren (of a cow)”), ber̃gždžias (“barren (of a cow)”), Latin fordus (“pregnant”) (< *foridos), forda.


zajęcь

zàję̄cь (canonical masculine)
a (accent-paradigm)
zàję̄cь (nominative singular)
zàję̄ca (dual nominative)
zàję̄ci (nominative plural)
zàję̄ca (genitive singular)
zàję̄cu (dual genitive)
zàję̄cь (genitive plural)
zàję̄cu (dative singular)
zàję̄cema (dative dual)
zàję̄cēmъ (dative plural)
zàję̄cь (accusative singular)
zàję̄ca (accusative dual)
zàję̄cę̇ (accusative plural)
zàję̄cьmь (instrumental singular)
zàję̄cemь (instrumental singular)
zàję̄cema (dual instrumental)
zàję̄cī (instrumental plural)
zàję̄ci (locative singular)
zàję̄cu (dual locative)
zàję̄cīxъ (locative plural)
zàję̄če (singular vocative)
zàję̄ca (dual vocative)
zàję̄ci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: заѧць, заець (zaecĭ)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: за́ѧцъ (zájacʹ)
Belarusian: за́яц (zájac)
Carpathian Rusyn: за́яць (zájacʹ)
Ukrainian: за́єць (zájecʹ); за́яць (zájacʹ), за́яєць (zájajecʹ) (dialectal)

desc

Middle Russian: за́ѧцъ (zájac), за́ецъ (zájec)

Russian: за́яц (zájac); за́ец (zájec) (dialect); зай (zaj) (Pskov dialect)

Old Novgorodian: ꙁаѩць

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: заѩць

Glagolitic script: ⰸⰰⱗⱌⱐ (zajęcĭ)

Bulgarian: за́ец (záec) (obsolete), за́ек (záek); dial. зо́ек (zóek), зо́як (zójak) (Torlak dialects), за́енц (záenc) (dialectal)

Macedonian: зајак (zajak)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: зе̑ц, за̀јац

Latin script: zȇc, zàjac

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: zȃjəc, zẹ̑c (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: zajiec

Czech: zajíc

Bohemian (Chod dialect): zajíc

Kashubian: zajc

Polabian: zojąc

Old Polish: zając

Polish: zając

Old Slovak: zajac

Pannonian Rusyn: заяц (zajac)

Slovak: zajac

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: zajac

Lower Sorbian: zajec (dialectal)

From an earlier *zajękъ (still reflected in Bulgarian and Macedonian), via progressive palatalization. Possibly inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *źṓˀjinkas, cognate with dial. Lithuanian zuĩkis < *zuojįkas (however, not Latvian zaķis, which looks like a Slavic borrowing). Further origin uncertain:
* Mladenov, Vasmer, Snoj: Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰey-, *ǵʰeh₂y- (“to dash, to hurtle, to hop”), akin to Lithuanian žaĩsti (“to play around”) and Old Armenian ձի (ji, “horse”), Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰáyas (< Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰéyos). From the same root may also be Proto-Germanic *gaits (“goat”), Latin haedus (“buck”).
* Löwenthal: From Proto-Indo-European *ǵeh₂- (“to nourish, earth”) whence Ancient Greek γῆ (gê, “Earth”) (possibly Ancient Greek γᾰ́λᾰ (gála)). Dismissed by Vasmer.
Shares ending with Proto-Slavic *měsęcь (“month”), *koręcь (“root”), probably resultant from a k-extension over an older n-stem. Further attested in animal names: e.g. Bulgarian пуяк ~ пуек (pujak ~ puek, “male fowl”), суяк ~ суек (sujak ~ suek, “ground squirrel”), dial. козяк ~ козек (kozjak ~ kozek, “buck”); and in diminutives: e.g. Bulgarian ма́лечко (málečko), па́лечко (pálečko) < мале (male), пале (pale) + *-ęč-ьko.

cog

Marko Snoj
ru:Черных, Павел Яковлевич


gъdьliti

gъdьľenьje (noun-from-verb)
gъdьliti (infinitive)
gъdьlitъ (supine)
gъdьlilъ (l-participle)
gъdьľenъ (participle passive past)
gъdьlimъ (participle passive present)
gъdьľь (active participle past)
gъdьlę (active participle present)
gъdьlixъ (aorist first-person singular)
gъdьli (aorist second-person singular)
gъdьli (aorist singular third-person)
gъdьľǫ (first-person present singular)
gъdьliši (present second-person singular)
gъdьlitь (present singular third-person)
gъdьlixově (aorist dual first-person)
gъdьlista (aorist dual second-person)
gъdьliste (aorist dual third-person)
gъdьlivě (dual first-person present)
gъdьlita (dual present second-person)
gъdьlite (dual present third-person)
gъdьlixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
gъdьliste (aorist plural second-person)
gъdьlišę (aorist plural third-person)
gъdьlimъ (first-person plural present)
gъdьlite (plural present second-person)
gъdьlętь (plural present third-person)
gъdьľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
gъdьľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
gъdьľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
gъdьli (imperative second-person singular)
gъdьli (imperative singular third-person)
gъdьľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
gъdьľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
gъdьľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
gъdьlivě (dual first-person imperative)
gъdьlita (dual imperative second-person)
gъdьľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
gъdьľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
gъdьľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
gъdьlimъ (first-person imperative plural)
gъdьlite (imperative plural second-person)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: гъделичкам (gǎdeličkam)

West Slavic:

Polish: gidlić

From *gъdьlъ + *-iti, supposed to be from Proto-Indo-European *geyd- (“to sting, to tickle”).


gъdьlъ

gъdьlъ (nominative singular)
gъdьla (dual nominative)
gъdьli (nominative plural)
gъdьla (genitive singular)
gъdьlu (dual genitive)
gъdьlъ (genitive plural)
gъdьlu (dative singular)
gъdьloma (dative dual)
gъdьlomъ (dative plural)
gъdьlъ (accusative singular)
gъdьla (accusative dual)
gъdьly (accusative plural)
gъdьlъmь (instrumental singular)
gъdьlomь (instrumental singular)
gъdьloma (dual instrumental)
gъdьly (instrumental plural)
gъdьlě (locative singular)
gъdьlu (dual locative)
gъdьlěxъ (locative plural)
gъdьle (singular vocative)
gъdьla (dual vocative)
gъdьli (plural vocative)

East Slavic: —

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: гъ́дел (gǎ́del)

Macedonian: гадел (gadel) (dialectal)

West Slavic: — (see related term)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gudilas, from Proto-Indo-European *geyd- (“to sting; prick; tickle”). Cognate with Lithuanian kùtinti, Latvian kutinât, Proto-Germanic *kitilōną (“to tickle”).


perdati

perdanьje (noun-from-verb)
perdati (infinitive)
perdatъ (supine)
perdalъ (l-participle)
perdanъ (participle passive past)
perdavъ (active participle past)
perdady (active participle present)
perdaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
perda (aorist second-person singular)
perdastъ (aorist second-person singular)
perda (aorist singular third-person)
perdastъ (aorist singular third-person)
perdamь (first-person present singular)
perdasi (present second-person singular)
perdastь (present singular third-person)
perdaxově (aorist dual first-person)
perdasta (aorist dual second-person)
perdaste (aorist dual third-person)
perdavě (dual first-person present)
perdasta (dual present second-person)
perdaste (dual present third-person)
perdaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
perdaste (aorist plural second-person)
perdašę (aorist plural third-person)
perdamъ (first-person plural present)
perdaste (plural present second-person)
perdadętь (plural present third-person)
perdaděaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
perdaděaše (imperfect second-person singular)
perdaděaše (imperfect singular third-person)
perdaďь (imperative second-person singular)
perdaďь (imperative singular third-person)
perdaděaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
perdaděašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
perdaděašete (dual imperfect third-person)
perdadivě (dual first-person imperative)
perdadita (dual imperative second-person)
perdaděaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
perdaděašete (imperfect plural second-person)
perdaděaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
perdadimъ (first-person imperative plural)
perdadite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: передати (peredati)

Old Ruthenian: переда́ти (peredáti)

Belarusian: перада́ць (pjeradácʹ)

Ukrainian: переда́ти (peredáty)

Russian: переда́ть (peredátʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: прѣдати (prědati)

Glagolitic script: ⱂⱃⱑⰴⰰⱅⰻ (prědati)

Bulgarian: преда́м (predám)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: прѐдати

Latin script: prèdati

West Slavic:

Old Czech: přědati

Czech: předat

Old Polish: przedać (partially)

Polish: sprzedać

Slovak: predať

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: předać

Lower Sorbian: pśedaś

From *per- (“over, through”) + *dati (“to give”).

prefix

be:Аляксандр Мікалаевіч Булыка
ru:Варбот, Жанна Жановна


rędъ

rę̑dъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
rę̑dъ (nominative singular)
rę̑da (dual nominative)
rę̑di (nominative plural)
rę̑da (genitive singular)
rędù (dual genitive)
rę̃dъ (genitive plural)
rę̑du (dative singular)
rędomà (dative dual)
rędòmъ (dative plural)
rę̑dъ (accusative singular)
rę̑da (accusative dual)
rę̑dy (accusative plural)
rę̑dъmь (instrumental singular)
rę̑domь (instrumental singular)
rędomà (dual instrumental)
rędý (instrumental plural)
rę̑dě (locative singular)
rędù (dual locative)
rędě̃xъ (locative plural)
ręde (singular vocative)
rę̑da (dual vocative)
rę̑di (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: рѧдъ

Belarusian: рад (rad)

Russian: ряд (rjad)

Carpathian Rusyn: ряд (rjad)

Ukrainian: ряд (rjad)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: рѧдъ

Glagolitic script: ⱃⱔⰴⱏ (rędŭ)

Macedonian: ред (red)

Slovene: rẹ̑d (tonal orthography)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ре̑д

Latin script: rȇd

West Slavic:

Old Czech: řád

Czech: řád

Kashubian: rząd

desctree

Old Polish: rząd
Polish: rząd
Silesian: rzōnd

Old Slovak: rád, *riád

Pannonian Rusyn: ряд (rjad)

Slovak: rád

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: rjad

Lower Sorbian: rěd

→ Albanian: rend

→ Hungarian: rend

→ Lithuanian: rė̃das

→ Romanian: rând

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *rindas, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₂rey-, derived from *h₂er- (“to unite, to fit”).
Cognates include Lithuanian rindà, Latvian rinda, Gothic 𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (raidjan, “organize, define”), 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃 (garaiþs, “organized, ordered”), Old Norse greida (“unfold, arrange”), German bereit (“ready”), Persian رده (rade, “row, category”), Unclear relation with Old Norse rǫð (“row”) (< Proto-Germanic *radō), Albanian radhë (“row”) and also Latin ōrdō.
Vasmer relates this term with Proto-Celtic *rannā (“part”) as well, but all Celticists reconstruct *ɸrasnā instead for that, precluding Vasmer's comparison.
For the meaning compare Latin serō (“to join”) > seriēs (“series, row”).


rybę

rybę̀ (canonical neuter)
b (accent-paradigm)
rybę̀ (nominative singular)
rybę̀ti (dual nominative)
rybę̀tā (nominative plural)
rybę̀te (genitive singular)
rybę̀tu (dual genitive)
rybę̀tъ (genitive plural)
rybę̀ti (dative singular)
rybę̀tьma (dative dual)
rybę̀tьmъ (dative plural)
rybę̀ (accusative singular)
rybę̀ti (accusative dual)
rybę̀tā (accusative plural)
rybę̀tьmь (instrumental singular)
rybę̀tьma (dual instrumental)
rybę̀tȳ (instrumental plural)
rybę̀te (locative singular)
rybę̀tu (dual locative)
rybę̀tьxъ (locative plural)
rybę̀ (singular vocative)
rybę̀ti (dual vocative)
rybę̀tā (plural vocative)

West Slavic:

Polish: rybię


košuľa

košuľa (nominative singular)
košuľi (dual nominative)
košuľę̇ (nominative plural)
košuľę̇ (genitive singular)
košuľu (dual genitive)
košuľь (genitive plural)
košuľi (dative singular)
košuľama (dative dual)
košuľamъ (dative plural)
košuľǫ (accusative singular)
košuľi (accusative dual)
košuľę̇ (accusative plural)
košuľejǫ (instrumental singular)
košuľǫ (instrumental singular)
košuľama (dual instrumental)
košuľami (instrumental plural)
košuľi (locative singular)
košuľu (dual locative)
košuľasъ (locative plural)
košuľaxъ (locative plural)
košuľe (singular vocative)
košuľi (dual vocative)
košuľę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: кашуля (kašulja)

Russian: кошуля (košulja)

Ukrainian: кошуля (košulja)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: кошу́ля (košúlja)

Macedonian: кошула (košula)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ко̀шуља

Latin script: kòšulja

Slovene: košulja

West Slavic:

Old Czech: košule

Czech: košile

Kashubian: kòszla, kòszëla

Polish: koszula

Slovak: košeľa

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: košla, (obsolete) košula

Lower Sorbian: košula

Borrowed from Latin casula (“cloak”), diminutive of casa (“hut, house”).


krьstъ

krь̀stъ (canonical masculine)
b (accent-paradigm)
krь̀stъ (nominative singular)
krьstà (dual nominative)
krьstì (nominative plural)
krьstà (genitive singular)
krьstù (dual genitive)
krь̀stъ (genitive plural)
krьstù (dative singular)
krьstòma (dative dual)
krьstòmъ (dative plural)
krь̀stъ (accusative singular)
krьstà (accusative dual)
krьstỳ (accusative plural)
krьstъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
krьstòmь (instrumental singular)
krьstòma (dual instrumental)
krь̀sty (instrumental plural)
krьstě̀ (locative singular)
krьstù (dual locative)
krь̀stěxъ (locative plural)
krьste (singular vocative)
krьstà (dual vocative)
krьstì (plural vocative)
b (accent-paradigm)
krь̀stъ (nominative singular)
krьstỳ (dual nominative)
krьstòve (nominative plural)
krьstù (genitive singular)
krьstòvu (dual genitive)
krьstòvъ (genitive plural)
krьstòvi (dative singular)
krь̀stъma (dative dual)
krьstъ̀mъ (dative plural)
krь̀stъ (accusative singular)
krьstỳ (accusative dual)
krьstỳ (accusative plural)
krьstъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
krь̀stъma (dual instrumental)
krь̀stъmī (instrumental plural)
krь̀stu (locative singular)
krьstòvu (dual locative)
krьstъ̀xъ (locative plural)
krьstu (singular vocative)
krьstỳ (dual vocative)
krьstòve (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: крьстъ (krĭstŭ)

Russian: крёст (krjost)

→ Estonian: rist

→ Finnish: risti

→ Ingrian: risti

→ Karelian: risti

→ Kildin Sami: рысст (rysst)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: крьстъ (krĭstŭ)

→ Hungarian: kereszt

→ Russian: крест (krest)

Bulgarian: кръст (krǎst)

Macedonian: крст (krst)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кр̏ст

Latin script: kȑst

Slovene: kȓst (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: křest

Czech: křest

desctree

Old Polish: krzest
Polish: chrzest
→ Belarusian: хрэст (xrest)
→ Ukrainian: хрест (xrest)
Silesian: krzest

Slovak: krst

From Old High German Krist, from Ancient Greek Χριστός (Khristós, “Christ”, literally “anointed”).


gręda

grędà (canonical feminine)
c (accent-paradigm)
grędà (nominative singular)
grę̑dě (dual nominative)
grę̑dy (nominative plural)
grędý (genitive singular)
grędù (dual genitive)
grę̃dъ (genitive plural)
grędě̀ (dative singular)
grędàma (dative dual)
grędàmъ (dative plural)
grę̑dǫ (accusative singular)
grę̑dě (accusative dual)
grę̑dy (accusative plural)
grędojǫ́ (instrumental singular)
grędàma (dual instrumental)
grędàmi (instrumental plural)
grę̑dě (locative singular)
grędù (dual locative)
grędàsъ (locative plural)
grędàxъ (locative plural)
grędo (singular vocative)
grę̑dě (dual vocative)
grę̑dy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: грѧда́

desc

Old Ruthenian: грѧда́ (hrjadá), града́ (hradá), греда́ (hredá), кгреда́ (gredá)

Belarusian: града́ (hradá)

Ukrainian: гряда́ (hrjadá)

Russian: гряда́ (grjadá, “garden bed (dialectal); ridge”)

⇒ Russian: гря́дка (grjádka, “garden bed”)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: греда́ (gredá, “beam”), гре́нда (grénda) (dialectal)

Macedonian: греда (greda, “beam”)

Serbo-Croatian: (“beam”)

Cyrillic script: гре́да

Latin script: gréda

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: gréda, grẹ̑d (“beam; garden bed”) (tonal orthography)

⇒ Slovene: gredíca (“garden bed”)

→ Hungarian: gerenda (“beam”)

→ Romanian: grindă (“beam”)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: hřada

Czech: hřada

Polabian: gŕǫdă

desc

Polish: grzęda (“perch, roost; garden bed”)

Slovak: hrada

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *grindā́ˀ (“beam; post”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrn̥dʰ-éh₂, from *gʰrendʰ- (“post, beam”).


byvolъ

byvolъ (nominative singular)
byvola (dual nominative)
byvoli (nominative plural)
byvola (genitive singular)
byvolu (dual genitive)
byvolъ (genitive plural)
byvolu (dative singular)
byvoloma (dative dual)
byvolomъ (dative plural)
byvolъ (accusative singular)
byvola (accusative dual)
byvoly (accusative plural)
byvolъmь (instrumental singular)
byvolomь (instrumental singular)
byvoloma (dual instrumental)
byvoly (instrumental plural)
byvolě (locative singular)
byvolu (dual locative)
byvolěxъ (locative plural)
byvole (singular vocative)
byvola (dual vocative)
byvoli (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: бꙑволъ (byvolŭ)

desc

Belarusian: бу́йвал (bújval), ба́вал (bával), бу́йла (bújla)

Russian: бу́йвол (bújvol), (dialectal) бу́йла (bújla), бу́йло (bújlo)

Ukrainian: бу́йвіл (bújvil), бу́йвов (bújvov)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Church Slavonic (Russian recension): бꙑволъ (byvolŭ)

Bulgarian: би́вол (bívol)

Macedonian: бивол (bivol)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: би́вол, би́во̄ (gen: би́вола)

Latin script: bívol, bívō (gen: bívola)

Slovene: bȋvol

→ Hungarian: bivaly

→ Romanian: bivol

West Slavic:

Old Czech: byvol

Czech: buvol

desctree

Old Polish: bawół
Polish: bawół
→ Lower Sorbian: bawoł
Silesian: bawōł

Slovak: byvol

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: buwoł

→ Lower Sorbian: buwoł

Borrowed from Vulgar Latin *būvalus, from Latin būbalus, from Ancient Greek βούβαλος (boúbalos). Many of the descendants influenced by a reanalysis as *bujь (“wild”) + *volъ (“ox”).


vozъ

vȍzъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
vȍzъ (nominative singular)
vȍza (dual nominative)
vȍzi (nominative plural)
vȍza (genitive singular)
vozù (dual genitive)
vòzъ (genitive plural)
vȍzu (dative singular)
vozomà (dative dual)
vozòmъ (dative plural)
vȍzъ (accusative singular)
vȍza (accusative dual)
vȍzy (accusative plural)
vȍzъmь (instrumental singular)
vȍzomь (instrumental singular)
vozomà (dual instrumental)
vozý (instrumental plural)
vȍzě (locative singular)
vozù (dual locative)
vozě̃xъ (locative plural)
voze (singular vocative)
vȍza (dual vocative)
vȍzi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: возъ (vozŭ)

Old Ruthenian: возъ (voz)
Belarusian: воз (voz); вуо́з (vuóz) (dialectal)
Carpathian Rusyn: вуз (vuz)
Ukrainian: віз (viz)

Russian: воз (voz)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: возъ (vozŭ)

Bulgarian: воз (voz)

Macedonian: воз (voz)

Serbo-Croatian: vȏz

Slovene: voz

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vóz

Czech: vůz

Old Polish: wóz
Polish: wóz
Silesian: wōz

Slovak: voz

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: wóz

Slovincian: wóz

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: wóz

Upper Sorbian: wóz

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *waźas, from Proto-Indo-European *wóǵʰ-o-s, from *weǵʰ- (“to transport”).


mosędzь

mosędzь (nominative singular)
mosędza (dual nominative)
mosędzi (nominative plural)
mosędza (genitive singular)
mosędzu (dual genitive)
mosędzь (genitive plural)
mosędzu (dative singular)
mosędzema (dative dual)
mosędzemъ (dative plural)
mosędzь (accusative singular)
mosędza (accusative dual)
mosędzę̇ (accusative plural)
mosędzьmь (instrumental singular)
mosędzemь (instrumental singular)
mosędzema (dual instrumental)
mosędzi (instrumental plural)
mosędzi (locative singular)
mosędzu (dual locative)
mosędzixъ (locative plural)
mosęže (singular vocative)
mosędza (dual vocative)
mosędzi (plural vocative)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: mosaz m or f
Czech: mosaz f

Old Polish: mosiądz
→ Old Ruthenian: мосїондзъ (mosjondz), мосюндзъ (mosjundz), мосендзъ (mosendz), мосенцъ (mosencʹ), мосꙗзъ (mosjaz)
Belarusian: мосенз (mósjenz), мосанз (mósanz)
→ Lithuanian: (dialectal) mãsendzis
⇒ Old Ruthenian: мосѧжъ (mosjaž)
Belarusian: мосенж (mósjenž)
Ukrainian: мося́ж (mosjáž), мо́сінж (mósinž), муся́нж (musjánž)
Polish: mosiądz
→ Kashubian: mòsądz
Silesian: mosiōndz

Old Slovak: mosadz m or f

Slovak: mosadz f

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: mòsąg

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: mósez

Upper Sorbian: mosaz

From earlier *mosęgъ, derived from Proto-West Germanic *massing, from Latin massa (“mass, bulk (of material)”) (compare Middle English masse (“chunk; mass of minerals, ingot”)), from Ancient Greek μᾶζᾰ (mâza, “lump, mass”).
Less likely Germanic term derives from Μοσσῡ́νοικοι (Mossū́noikoi, “Mossynoeci”).
The technical word for brass in South Slavic languages (e.g. Serbo-Croatian мѐсинг／mèsing) is a later borrowing German Messing.

cog

мѐсинг//mèsing


tolkъno

tolkъno (nominative singular)
tolkъně (dual nominative)
tolkъna (nominative plural)
tolkъna (genitive singular)
tolkъnu (dual genitive)
tolkъnъ (genitive plural)
tolkъnu (dative singular)
tolkъnoma (dative dual)
tolkъnomъ (dative plural)
tolkъno (accusative singular)
tolkъně (accusative dual)
tolkъna (accusative plural)
tolkъnъmь (instrumental singular)
tolkъnomь (instrumental singular)
tolkъnoma (dual instrumental)
tolkъny (instrumental plural)
tolkъně (locative singular)
tolkъnu (dual locative)
tolkъněxъ (locative plural)
tolkъno (singular vocative)
tolkъně (dual vocative)
tolkъna (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: толокъно (tolokŭno)

Belarusian: талакно́ (talaknó)

Russian: толокно́ (toloknó)

Ukrainian: толокно́ (toloknó)

→ Finnish: talkkuna

South Slavic:

Slovene:

→ German: Dalken

→ Middle High German: Talken

West Slavic:

Polish: tłukno

* From o-grade of *telkti (“to pound”) + *-ъno
: Cognate with Welsh talch (“oatmeal, groats, fragments”) (< *talko-)
* Derivation from Proto-Turkic *talkān (“parched grain”) is unlikely due to a Slavic internal etymology and wide (even if patchy) geographical distribution


-gъda

From earlier *-da with possible influence of word *godъ. Compare Lithuanian kas (“who, what”), kada (“when”), Sanskrit क (ka, “who”), कदा (kadā, “when”).

kъ- (“who”) → *koda → *kogъda (“when”)

jь (“he”) → *jeda → *jegъda (“when, if”)

jьnъ (“other, another”) → *jьnogъda (“at another time, sometime”)

onъ → *onoda → *onogъda

ovъ → *ovogъda

sь (“this”) → *segъda (“now”)

tъ (“that”) → *togъda (“then”)

vьśь (“all”) → *vьśegъda (“always, anytime”)


solvьjь

solvьjь (nominative singular)
solvьja (dual nominative)
solvьji (nominative plural)
solvьja (genitive singular)
solvьju (dual genitive)
solvьjь (genitive plural)
solvьju (dative singular)
solvьjema (dative dual)
solvьjemъ (dative plural)
solvьjь (accusative singular)
solvьja (accusative dual)
solvьję̇ (accusative plural)
solvьjьmь (instrumental singular)
solvьjemь (instrumental singular)
solvьjema (dual instrumental)
solvьji (instrumental plural)
solvьji (locative singular)
solvьju (dual locative)
solvьjixъ (locative plural)
solvьju (singular vocative)
solvьja (dual vocative)
solvьji (plural vocative)

East Slavic: соловии (solovii)

Belarusian: салаве́й (salavjéj)

Russian: солове́й (solovéj)

Ukrainian: солове́й (solovéj)

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic (Russian recension): славии (slavii)

Bulgarian: сла́вей (slávej)

Macedonian: славеј (slavej)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic: сла̀вӯј

Latin: slàvūj

Slovene: slávəc (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: slavík

Polabian: sålüv

Polish: słowik

Old Slovak:

Pannonian Rusyn: славик (slavik)

Slovak: slávik

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: syłoj, syłojik, syłojk

Upper Sorbian: syłobik, sołobik

From *solvъ (“cream-colored”) + *-ьjь, from Proto-Indo-European *solHwos.


esetь

esetь (nominative singular)
eseti (dual nominative)
eseti (nominative plural)
eseti (genitive singular)
esetьju (dual genitive)
esetьjь (genitive plural)
eseti (dative singular)
esetьma (dative dual)
esetьmъ (dative plural)
esetь (accusative singular)
eseti (accusative dual)
eseti (accusative plural)
esetьjǫ (instrumental singular)
esetьma (dual instrumental)
esetьmi (instrumental plural)
eseti (locative singular)
esetьju (dual locative)
esetьxъ (locative plural)
eseti (singular vocative)
eseti (dual vocative)
eseti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Belarusian: о́сэч (óseč, “granary, drying shed”) (Western), во́сэч (vóseč, “granary, drying shed”) (Western), асэ́ч (aséč, “granary, drying shed”) (Western), осётка (osjotka, “granary”) (dialectal), асётка (asjótka, “place in granary for drying sheaves”) (dialectal)

Russian: осе́ть (osétʹ, “granary, rack for drying grain”)

Ukrainian: о́сіть (ósitʹ, “granary”)

West Slavic:

Polish: jesieć (“grain sieve”) (dialectal), osieć (“granary”) (Eastern dialectal), jesiótka (“grain sieve”) (dialectal), osiótka (“granary”) (Western dialectal)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *eśetis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂oḱetis (“harrow”), from *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”).


konъ

konъ (nominative singular)
kona (dual nominative)
koni (nominative plural)
kona (genitive singular)
konu (dual genitive)
konъ (genitive plural)
konu (dative singular)
konoma (dative dual)
konomъ (dative plural)
konъ (accusative singular)
kona (accusative dual)
kony (accusative plural)
konъmь (instrumental singular)
konomь (instrumental singular)
konoma (dual instrumental)
kony (instrumental plural)
koně (locative singular)
konu (dual locative)
koněxъ (locative plural)
kone (singular vocative)
kona (dual vocative)
koni (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: конъ (konŭ)

Belarusian: кон (kon)

Russian: кон (kon)

Ukrainian: кін (kin)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: кон (kon)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кон

Latin script: kon

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kon

Czech: kon

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: kón

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kanas, from Proto-Indo-European *kon-o-, from *ken-. Equivalent to *čęti (“to begin”) + *-ъ.
For the meaning compare dial. Serbo-Croatian крај (“end”), dial. Russian край (kraj, “edge, end”) (< *krajь (“edge, end”)).


tekъ

tekъ (nominative singular)
teka (dual nominative)
teci (nominative plural)
teka (genitive singular)
teku (dual genitive)
tekъ (genitive plural)
teku (dative singular)
tekoma (dative dual)
tekomъ (dative plural)
tekъ (accusative singular)
teka (accusative dual)
teky (accusative plural)
tekъmь (instrumental singular)
tekomь (instrumental singular)
tekoma (dual instrumental)
teky (instrumental plural)
tecě (locative singular)
teku (dual locative)
tecěxъ (locative plural)
teče (singular vocative)
teka (dual vocative)
teci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: тёк (tjok)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: текъ (tekŭ)

Macedonian: тек (tek)

Slovene: tẹ̑k (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Polish: ciek

Slovak: tok the course of a river

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tekas, from Proto-Indo-European *tekʷos, from *tekʷ- (“to run, flow”). Equivalent to *teťi (“to flow, run”) + *-ъ.
Baltic cognates include
Latvian tȩks m (“foot-path”), tȩka f (“foot-path”)
Indo-European cognates include
Old Irish intech (“road”)


ľubь

ľubь (nominative singular)
ľubi (dual nominative)
ľubi (nominative plural)
ľubi (genitive singular)
ľubьju (dual genitive)
ľubьjь (genitive plural)
ľubi (dative singular)
ľubьma (dative dual)
ľubьmъ (dative plural)
ľubь (accusative singular)
ľubi (accusative dual)
ľubi (accusative plural)
ľubьjǫ (instrumental singular)
ľubьma (dual instrumental)
ľubьmi (instrumental plural)
ľubi (locative singular)
ľubьju (dual locative)
ľubьxъ (locative plural)
ľubi (singular vocative)
ľubi (dual vocative)
ľubi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: Любь (Ljubʹ)

Russian: любь (ljubʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: любь (ljubĭ)

Glagolitic: ⰾⱓⰱⱐ (ljubĭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Unspecified script:

Latin script: ļub

Slovene: ljȗb


tokъ

tȍkъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
tȍkъ (nominative singular)
tȍka (dual nominative)
tȍci (nominative plural)
tȍka (genitive singular)
tokù (dual genitive)
tòkъ (genitive plural)
tȍku (dative singular)
tokomà (dative dual)
tokòmъ (dative plural)
tȍkъ (accusative singular)
tȍka (accusative dual)
tȍky (accusative plural)
tȍkъmь (instrumental singular)
tȍkomь (instrumental singular)
tokomà (dual instrumental)
toký (instrumental plural)
tȍcě (locative singular)
tokù (dual locative)
tocě̃xъ (locative plural)
toče (singular vocative)
tȍka (dual vocative)
tȍci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: токъ (tokŭ)

Belarusian: ток (tok)

Russian: ток (tok)

Ukrainian: тік (tik)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: токъ (tokŭ)

Glagolitic: ⱅⱁⰽⱏ (tokŭ)

Bulgarian: ток (tok)

Macedonian: ток (tok)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: то̑к

Latin script: tȏk

Slovene: tọ̑k (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: tok

Czech: tok

Old Polish: tok

Polish: tok

Slovak: tok

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: tok

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *takas, from Proto-Indo-European *tokʷos, from *tekʷ- (“to run, flow”). Equivalent to *teťi (“to flow, run”) + *-ъ.
Baltic cognates include
Lithuanian tãkas (“footpath, path”),
Latvian taks (“footpath, path”)
Indo-European cognates include
Avestan 𐬙𐬀𐬐𐬀 (taka, “course”)


dъščь

dъ̀ščь (canonical masculine)
b (accent-paradigm)
dъ̀ščь (nominative singular)
dъščà (dual nominative)
dъščì (nominative plural)
dъščà (genitive singular)
dъščù (dual genitive)
dъ̀ščь (genitive plural)
dъščù (dative singular)
dъščèma (dative dual)
dъ̀ščemъ (dative plural)
dъ̀ščь (accusative singular)
dъščà (accusative dual)
dъščę̇̀ (accusative plural)
dъščь̀mь (instrumental singular)
dъščèmь (instrumental singular)
dъščèma (dual instrumental)
dъ̀šči (instrumental plural)
dъščì (locative singular)
dъščù (dual locative)
dъ̀ščixъ (locative plural)
dъšču (singular vocative)
dъščà (dual vocative)
dъščì (plural vocative)


domasědъ

domasědъ (nominative singular)
domasěda (dual nominative)
domasědi (nominative plural)
domasěda (genitive singular)
domasědu (dual genitive)
domasědъ (genitive plural)
domasědu (dative singular)
domasědoma (dative dual)
domasědomъ (dative plural)
domasědъ (accusative singular)
domasěda (accusative dual)
domasědy (accusative plural)
domasědъmь (instrumental singular)
domasědomь (instrumental singular)
domasědoma (dual instrumental)
domasědy (instrumental plural)
domasědě (locative singular)
domasědu (dual locative)
domasěděxъ (locative plural)
domasěde (singular vocative)
domasěda (dual vocative)
domasědi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: дамасе́д (damasjéd)

Russian: домосе́д (domoséd)

Ukrainian: домосі́д (domosíd)

West Slavic:

Czech: domased

Slovak: domased

From *doma (“at home”) + *sěděti (“to sit”).
Compare Latin domiseda


vьrěti

vьrě̀ti (canonical imperfective)
vьrěnьje (noun-from-verb)
vьrěti (infinitive)
vьrětъ (supine)
vьrělъ (l-participle)
vьrěvъ (active participle past)
vьrę (active participle present)
vьrěxъ (aorist first-person singular)
vьrě (aorist second-person singular)
vьrě (aorist singular third-person)
vьřǫ (first-person present singular)
vьriši (present second-person singular)
vьritь (present singular third-person)
vьrěxově (aorist dual first-person)
vьrěsta (aorist dual second-person)
vьrěste (aorist dual third-person)
vьrivě (dual first-person present)
vьrita (dual present second-person)
vьrite (dual present third-person)
vьrěxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
vьrěste (aorist plural second-person)
vьrěšę (aorist plural third-person)
vьrimъ (first-person plural present)
vьrite (plural present second-person)
vьrętь (plural present third-person)
vьrěaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
vьrěaše (imperfect second-person singular)
vьrěaše (imperfect singular third-person)
vьri (imperative second-person singular)
vьri (imperative singular third-person)
vьrěaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
vьrěašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
vьrěašete (dual imperfect third-person)
vьrivě (dual first-person imperative)
vьrita (dual imperative second-person)
vьrěaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
vьrěašete (imperfect plural second-person)
vьrěaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
vьrimъ (first-person imperative plural)
vьrite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: вьрѣти (vĭrěti)

Old Ruthenian: врѣти (vrěti)

Belarusian: врэць (vrecʹ)

Ukrainian: вріти (vrity)

Russian: вреть (vretʹ) (dated)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: вьрѣти (vĭrěti)

Glagolitic: ⰲⱐⱃⱑⱅⰹ (vĭrěti)

Bulgarian: вря (vrja)

Macedonian: врие (vrie)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: вре̏ти

Latin script: vrȅti

Slovene: vrẹ́ti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vřieti

Czech: vřít

Old Polish: wrzeć

Polish: wrzeć

Silesian: wreć

Slovak: vrieť

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wirˀ(ē)tei, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥- (“to burn”) (Černyx) or *wr̥H- (Derksen).
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian vìrti (“to boil”) (3sg. vérda), Latvian vir̂t (“to boil”) (3sg. vęr̂d).
Indo-European cognates include
Hittite [script needed] (urāni, “burns”)


gladъkъ

glàdъkъ (canonical)
gladъkъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
gladъka (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
gladъko (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
gladъka (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
gladъky (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
gladъka (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
gladъku (dative indefinite masculine singular)
gladъcě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
gladъku (dative indefinite neuter singular)
gladъkъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
gladъkǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
gladъko (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
gladъkomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
gladъkojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
gladъkomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
gladъcě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
gladъcě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
gladъcě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
gladъče (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
gladъko (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
gladъko (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
gladъka (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
gladъcě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
gladъcě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
gladъku (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
gladъku (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
gladъku (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
gladъkoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
gladъkama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
gladъkoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
gladъka (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
gladъcě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
gladъcě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
gladъkoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
gladъkama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
gladъkoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
gladъku (dual indefinite locative masculine)
gladъku (dual feminine indefinite locative)
gladъku (dual indefinite locative neuter)
gladъka (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
gladъcě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
gladъcě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
gladъci (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
gladъky (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
gladъka (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
gladъkъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
gladъkъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
gladъkъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
gladъkomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
gladъkamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
gladъkomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
gladъky (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
gladъky (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
gladъka (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
gladъky (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
gladъkami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
gladъky (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
gladъcěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
gladъkaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
gladъcěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
gladъci (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
gladъky (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
gladъka (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
gladъkъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
gladъkaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
gladъkoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
gladъkajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
gladъkyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
gladъkajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
gladъkujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
gladъcěji (dative definite feminine singular)
gladъkujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
gladъkъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
gladъkǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
gladъkoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
gladъkyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
gladъkǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
gladъkyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
gladъcějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
gladъcěji (definite feminine locative singular)
gladъcějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
gladъkъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
gladъkaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
gladъkoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
gladъkaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
gladъcěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
gladъcěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
gladъkuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
gladъkuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
gladъkuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
gladъkyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
gladъkyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
gladъkyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
gladъkaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
gladъcěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
gladъcěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
gladъkyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
gladъkyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
gladъkyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
gladъkuju (definite dual locative masculine)
gladъkuju (definite dual feminine locative)
gladъkuju (definite dual locative neuter)
gladъkaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
gladъcěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
gladъcěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
gladъciji (definite masculine nominative plural)
gladъkyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
gladъkaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
gladъkъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
gladъkъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
gladъkъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
gladъkyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
gladъkyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
gladъkyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
gladъkyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
gladъkyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
gladъkaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
gladъkyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
gladъkyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
gladъkyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
gladъkyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
gladъkyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
gladъkyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
gladъciji (definite masculine plural vocative)
gladъkyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
gladъkaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *gladъkъ (hard)

Definite declension of *gladъkъ (hard)

East Slavic

Belarusian: гла́дкі (hládki)

desc

Russian: гла́дкий (gládkij), гла́же (gláže)

Ukrainian: гладки́й (hladkýj)

South Slavic

Old Church Slavonic: гладъкъ (gladŭkŭ)

Bulgarian: гла́дък (gládǎk)

Macedonian: гладок (gladok) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: гла̏дак

Latin script: glȁdak

Slovene: gladka

West Slavic

Old Czech: hladký

Czech: hladký

Kashubian: głôdczi

Polish: gładki

Slovak: hladký

Sorbian

Upper Sorbian: hładki

Lower Sorbian: gładki

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *glā́ˀdus, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰleh₂dʰ-.

Rick Derksen
ru:Черных, Павел Яковлевич


-nь

-nь (nominative singular)
-ni (dual nominative)
-ni (nominative plural)
-ni (genitive singular)
-nьju (dual genitive)
-nьjь (genitive plural)
-ni (dative singular)
-nьma (dative dual)
-nьmъ (dative plural)
-nь (accusative singular)
-ni (accusative dual)
-ni (accusative plural)
-nьjǫ (instrumental singular)
-nьma (dual instrumental)
-nьmi (instrumental plural)
-ni (locative singular)
-nьju (dual locative)
-nьxъ (locative plural)
-ni (singular vocative)
-ni (dual vocative)
-ni (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-nis.
Cognate with Lithuanian -nis, degsnìs, Old Prussian biāsnan (Asg.), Proto-Germanic *-niz and Hittite [script needed] (ḫaneššar), [script needed] (ḫanešnaš, Gen.).

basnь (“tale”) ← *ba- (“to tell”)
žiznь (“life”) ← *žiti (“to live”)
kuznь (“forge, smithy”) ← *ku- (“to forge”)

From verbs ending in -V- *pěsnь (“song”) ← *pěti (“to sing”)

prijaznь (“friendship”) ← *prijati (“to favor, to please”)

From verbs ending in -a/V- *kajaznь (“sorrow”) ← *kajati (“to regret”)

dolnь (“palm of hand”) ← Pre-Slavic *dolti (“to rub, to wreck”)
kolnь (“slaughter”) ← *kolti (“to stab, cleave”)
technically *dьnь (“day”) ← Pre-Slavic *diti (“to emerge, to brighten”)

From verbs eniding in -C/j- *bornь (“standoff, battle”) ← *borti (“to fight, to wrestle”)

bolěznь (“pain, agony”) ← *bolěti (“to hurt”)
grěnь (“blaze”) ← *grěti (“to heat, to shine”)
lěnь (“sloth”) ← Pre-Slavic *lětь (“to allow, to let”) (preserved only in adverb form)

From verbs ending in -ě-, -ě/i- *bojaznь (“fear, awe”) ← *bojati (“to fear”)

dьranь (“tearing, wrench, trash”) ← *dьrati (“to tear”)
bьranь (“yield”) ← *bьrati (“to pick up”)
zařanь (“morning, dayspring”) ← *ozařati (“to elluminate”)
oranь (“plowing”) ← *orati (“to plow”)


něti

nětьje (noun-from-verb)
něti (infinitive)
nětъ (supine)
nělъ (l-participle)
nětъ (participle passive past)
nějemъ (participle passive present)
něvъ (active participle past)
něję (active participle present)
něxъ (aorist first-person singular)
ně (aorist second-person singular)
ně (aorist singular third-person)
nějǫ (first-person present singular)
něješi (present second-person singular)
nějetь (present singular third-person)
něxově (aorist dual first-person)
něsta (aorist dual second-person)
něste (aorist dual third-person)
nějevě (dual first-person present)
nějeta (dual present second-person)
nějete (dual present third-person)
něxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
něste (aorist plural second-person)
něšę (aorist plural third-person)
nějemъ (first-person plural present)
nějete (plural present second-person)
nějǫtь (plural present third-person)
něaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
něaše (imperfect second-person singular)
něaše (imperfect singular third-person)
něji (imperative second-person singular)
něji (imperative singular third-person)
něaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
něašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
něašete (dual imperfect third-person)
nějivě (dual first-person imperative)
nějita (dual imperative second-person)
něaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
něašete (imperfect plural second-person)
něaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
nějimъ (first-person imperative plural)
nějite (imperative plural second-person)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: нијети

Latin script: nijeti, net

Cognate with Sanskrit नयति (náyati, “to lead”), Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (naiieⁱti, “to bring, lead”), Old Persian 𐎠𐎴𐎹 (a-n-y /anaya/, “he was leading, bringing”), Middle Persian [script needed] (nītan, “to lead, drive”), Hittite 𒈾𒄿𒉈 (nāine, “to guide”).


bǫbarъ

bǫ̀barъ (canonical masculine)
bǫbarъ (nominative singular)
bǫbara (dual nominative)
bǫbari (nominative plural)
bǫbara (genitive singular)
bǫbaru (dual genitive)
bǫbarъ (genitive plural)
bǫbaru (dative singular)
bǫbaroma (dative dual)
bǫbaromъ (dative plural)
bǫbarъ (accusative singular)
bǫbara (accusative dual)
bǫbary (accusative plural)
bǫbarъmь (instrumental singular)
bǫbaromь (instrumental singular)
bǫbaroma (dual instrumental)
bǫbary (instrumental plural)
bǫbarě (locative singular)
bǫbaru (dual locative)
bǫbarěxъ (locative plural)
bǫbare (singular vocative)
bǫbara (dual vocative)
bǫbari (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

⇒ Russian: буба́рка (bubárka), бубари́ца (bubaríca)

Ukrainian: бомба́р (bombár, “cockchafer”)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: бъ́бар (bǎ́bar), бръ́мбар (brǎ́mbar), бръ́мбал (brǎ́mbal)

Macedonian: бумбар (bumbar), брмбалец (brmbalec)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бу̏мба̄р, бубаљка

Latin script: bȕmbār, bubaljka, bunbor

Of onomatopoeic origin, from duplication of the root of *bъmъ, *brьmъ (“buzz, hum”) + *-arъ. Cognate with Lithuanian bam̃balas (“bumblebee, cockchafer”),
Latvian bam̃bals (“beetle”) and further comparable with Sanskrit बम्भरः (bambharaḥ, “bee”), Ancient Greek βομβυλιός (bombuliós, “bumblebee”).


buza

buza (nominative singular)
buzě (dual nominative)
buzy (nominative plural)
buzy (genitive singular)
buzu (dual genitive)
buzъ (genitive plural)
buzě (dative singular)
buzama (dative dual)
buzamъ (dative plural)
buzǫ (accusative singular)
buzě (accusative dual)
buzy (accusative plural)
buzojǫ (instrumental singular)
buzǫ (instrumental singular)
buzama (dual instrumental)
buzami (instrumental plural)
buzě (locative singular)
buzu (dual locative)
buzasъ (locative plural)
buzaxъ (locative plural)
buzo (singular vocative)
buzě (dual vocative)
buzy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: буза (buza, “uproar”)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: буза (buza, “cheek”)

Macedonian: буза (buza, “lips”)

West Slavic:

Polish: buzia (“mouth”)

→ Ukrainian: бузя (buzja)

→ Ukrainian: бузі (buzi, “kiss”)

The South Slavic descendants have been related to Albanian buzë and Romanian buză, on basis of which it is speculated that all of them descend from a Balkan substratum.
If the term is of native origin, it would most likely be from the onomatopoeic Proto-Indo-European *bʰewǵ- (“to blow, to swell”). Potential cognates include Lithuanian buožė (“mace”), Latvian buoze (“lump, ball”), and possibly Proto-Germanic *būkaz (“belly”), Thracian βυζας (vyzas, “buck”), Proto-Celtic *bukkos (“buck”), Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰuȷ́ás (“buck”).
From the same root, however, through other extensions are Latin bucca (“mouth”) and Latvian buča (“kiss”), Lithuanian bučinỹs (“kiss”).


-uľa

-uľa (nominative singular)
-uľi (dual nominative)
-uľę̇ (nominative plural)
-uľę̇ (genitive singular)
-uľu (dual genitive)
-uľь (genitive plural)
-uľi (dative singular)
-uľama (dative dual)
-uľamъ (dative plural)
-uľǫ (accusative singular)
-uľi (accusative dual)
-uľę̇ (accusative plural)
-uľejǫ (instrumental singular)
-uľǫ (instrumental singular)
-uľama (dual instrumental)
-uľami (instrumental plural)
-uľi (locative singular)
-uľu (dual locative)
-uľasъ (locative plural)
-uľaxъ (locative plural)
-uľe (singular vocative)
-uľi (dual vocative)
-uľę̇ (plural vocative)

kozuľa ← *koza (“she-goat”)

krasuľa ← *krasa

květuľa ← *květъ (“flower”)

meduľa ← *medъ (“honey”)

pisuľa ← *pisati (“to paint, write”)?

mizuľa ← *mizati

mazuľa ← *mazati (“to smear, anoint”)


pьňь

pь̏ňь (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
pь̏ňь (nominative singular)
pь̏ňa (dual nominative)
pь̏ňi (nominative plural)
pь̏ňa (genitive singular)
pьňù (dual genitive)
pь̀ňь (genitive plural)
pь̏ňu (dative singular)
pьňemà (dative dual)
pьňèmъ (dative plural)
pь̏ňь (accusative singular)
pь̏ňa (accusative dual)
pь̏ňę̇ (accusative plural)
pь̏ňьmь (instrumental singular)
pь̏ňemь (instrumental singular)
pьňemà (dual instrumental)
pьňí (instrumental plural)
pь̏ňi (locative singular)
pьňù (dual locative)
pьňĩxъ (locative plural)
pьňu (singular vocative)
pь̏ňa (dual vocative)
pь̏ňi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: пьнь (pĭnĭ)

Belarusian: пень (pjenʹ)

Russian: пень (penʹ)

Ukrainian: пень (penʹ)

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic: пьнь (pĭnĭ)

Bulgarian: пън (pǎn)

Macedonian: пен (pen)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: па̑њ

Latin script: pȃnj

Slovene: pȃnj

West Slavic:

Old Czech: peň

Czech: peň

Moravian (Mistřice): peň

Kashubian: piéń

Polish: pień

Slovak: peň

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: pjenk

Lower Sorbian: ṕeńk, ṕeń

Derived from Proto-Indo-European *pin- (“piece of wood”) or *spey- (“spike, pointed piece of wood”).
Possible cognates: Sanskrit पिनाक n (pínākam, “staff, stick, bow”), Ancient Greek πίναξ m (pínax, “wooden board, writing slate, painting”), Old High German witu-fîna f (“pile of wood”), Middle Low German vîne (“pile of wood”).


sedmъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *sedmъ (hard)

Definite declension of *sedmъ (hard)

sedmъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
sedma (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
sedmo (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
sedma (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
sedmy (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
sedma (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
sedmu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
sedmě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
sedmu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
sedmъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
sedmǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
sedmo (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
sedmomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
sedmojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
sedmomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
sedmě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
sedmě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
sedmě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
sedme (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
sedmo (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
sedmo (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
sedma (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
sedmě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
sedmě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
sedmu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
sedmu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
sedmu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
sedmoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
sedmama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
sedmoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
sedma (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
sedmě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
sedmě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
sedmoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
sedmama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
sedmoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
sedmu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
sedmu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
sedmu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
sedma (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
sedmě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
sedmě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
sedmi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
sedmy (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
sedma (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
sedmъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
sedmъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
sedmъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
sedmomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
sedmamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
sedmomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
sedmy (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
sedmy (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
sedma (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
sedmy (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
sedmami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
sedmy (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
sedměxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
sedmaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
sedměxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
sedmi (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
sedmy (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
sedma (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
sedmъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
sedmaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
sedmoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
sedmajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
sedmyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
sedmajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
sedmujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
sedměji (dative definite feminine singular)
sedmujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
sedmъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
sedmǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
sedmoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
sedmyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
sedmǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
sedmyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
sedmějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
sedměji (definite feminine locative singular)
sedmějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
sedmъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
sedmaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
sedmoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
sedmaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
sedměji (definite dual feminine nominative)
sedměji (definite dual neuter nominative)
sedmuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
sedmuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
sedmuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
sedmyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
sedmyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
sedmyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
sedmaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
sedměji (accusative definite dual feminine)
sedměji (accusative definite dual neuter)
sedmyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
sedmyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
sedmyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
sedmuju (definite dual locative masculine)
sedmuju (definite dual feminine locative)
sedmuju (definite dual locative neuter)
sedmaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
sedměji (definite dual feminine vocative)
sedměji (definite dual neuter vocative)
sedmiji (definite masculine nominative plural)
sedmyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
sedmaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
sedmъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
sedmъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
sedmъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
sedmyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
sedmyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
sedmyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
sedmyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
sedmyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
sedmaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
sedmyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
sedmyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
sedmyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
sedmyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
sedmyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
sedmyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
sedmiji (definite masculine plural vocative)
sedmyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
sedmaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: семъ (semŭ), седмъ (sedmŭ), седьмъ (sedĭmŭ)

Belarusian: сёмы (sjómy)

Russian: седьмо́й (sedʹmój), сёмый (sjómyj), семо́й (semój)

Ukrainian: сьо́мий (sʹómyj)

Old Novgorodian: семе (seme)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: седмъ (sedmŭ)

Glagolitic: ⱄⰵⰴⰿⱏ (sedmŭ)

Bulgarian: се́дми (sédmi)

Macedonian: седми (sedmi)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: се̑дмӣ

Latin script: sȇdmī

Slovene: sẹ́dmi (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: sedmý

Czech: sedmý

desctree

Old Polish: siódmy
Polish: siódmy
Silesian: siōdmy

Old Slovak: siedmy

Slovak: siedmy

Polabian: sedmĕ

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: sedmy

Lower Sorbian: sedymy

From earlier *sebdmъ < *septmъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *septmas, from Proto-Indo-European *septmós.
Baltic cognates include Old Lithuanian sẽkmas, Old Prussian septmas (“seventh”).
Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit सप्तम (saptamá, “seventh”), Ancient Greek ἕβδομος (hébdomos, “seventh”), Latin septimus (“seventh”), Proto-Germanic *sebundô.


dzělo

East Slavic:

Belarusian: до зела (do zjela)

Russian: зело́ (zeló) (archaic)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: ꙃѣло (dzělo)

Slovene: zelọ̑ (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: zielo

Czech: zělo (obsolete)

From *dzělъ (“vehement”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gailas, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰoylos.


kъduňa

kъduňa (nominative singular)
kъduňi (dual nominative)
kъduňę̇ (nominative plural)
kъduňę̇ (genitive singular)
kъduňu (dual genitive)
kъduňь (genitive plural)
kъduňi (dative singular)
kъduňama (dative dual)
kъduňamъ (dative plural)
kъduňǫ (accusative singular)
kъduňi (accusative dual)
kъduňę̇ (accusative plural)
kъduňejǫ (instrumental singular)
kъduňǫ (instrumental singular)
kъduňama (dual instrumental)
kъduňami (instrumental plural)
kъduňi (locative singular)
kъduňu (dual locative)
kъduňasъ (locative plural)
kъduňaxъ (locative plural)
kъduňe (singular vocative)
kъduňi (dual vocative)
kъduňę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: ду́ля (dúlja)

desc

Ukrainian: гду́ля (hdúlja), ду́ля (dúlja)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: дю́ля (djúlja)

Macedonian: дуња (dunja)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: гду̏ња, ду̏ња

Latin: gdȕnja, dȕnja

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kdúle, gdúle

Czech: kdoule, gdoule

Old Polish: gdula, dula

Old Slovak: gdula, dula

Slovak: dula, gduľa (dialectal), bduľa (dialectal)

Lower Sorbian: dula

From Latin cydōnia, from Ancient Greek Κυδωνία (Kudōnía, “quince-tree”).


trimati

trimanьje (noun-from-verb)
trimati (infinitive)
trimatъ (supine)
trimalъ (l-participle)
trimanъ (participle passive past)
trimajemъ (participle passive present)
trimavъ (active participle past)
trimaję (active participle present)
trimaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
trima (aorist second-person singular)
trima (aorist singular third-person)
trimajǫ (first-person present singular)
trimaješi (present second-person singular)
trimajetь (present singular third-person)
trimaxově (aorist dual first-person)
trimasta (aorist dual second-person)
trimaste (aorist dual third-person)
trimajevě (dual first-person present)
trimajeta (dual present second-person)
trimajete (dual present third-person)
trimaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
trimaste (aorist plural second-person)
trimašę (aorist plural third-person)
trimajemъ (first-person plural present)
trimajete (plural present second-person)
trimajǫtь (plural present third-person)
trimaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
trimaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
trimaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
trimaji (imperative second-person singular)
trimaji (imperative singular third-person)
trimaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
trimaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
trimaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
trimajivě (dual first-person imperative)
trimajita (dual imperative second-person)
trimaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
trimaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
trimaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
trimajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
trimajite (imperative plural second-person)

South Slavic:

Slovene: tŕmati

West Slavic:

desctree

Old Polish: trzymać
Polish: trzymać
→ Czech: třímat
Silesian: trzimać
→ Old Ruthenian: тримати (trimati), тримать (trimatʹ), трымати (trymati)
Belarusian: трыма́ць (trymácʹ)
Carpathian Rusyn: три́мати (trýmaty)
Ukrainian: трима́ти (trymáty)

Old Slovak: *trímať

Slovak: trímať

Pannonian Rusyn: тримац (trimac)

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: trzëmac

Slovincian: trzëmac


jьzmьlsti

jьzmьlzenьje (noun-from-verb)
jьzmьlsti (infinitive)
jьzmьlstъ (supine)
jьzmьlzlъ (l-participle)
jьzmьlzenъ (participle passive past)
jьzmьlzъ (active participle past)
jьzmьlzъ (aorist first-person singular)
jьzmьlzoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
jьzmьlze (aorist second-person singular)
jьzmьlze (aorist singular third-person)
jьzmьlzǫ (first-person present singular)
jьzmьlzeši (present second-person singular)
jьzmьlzetь (present singular third-person)
jьzmьlzově (aorist dual first-person)
jьzmьlzoxově (aorist dual first-person)
jьzmьlzeta (aorist dual second-person)
jьzmьlzosta (aorist dual second-person)
jьzmьlzete (aorist dual third-person)
jьzmьlzoste (aorist dual third-person)
jьzmьlzevě (dual first-person present)
jьzmьlzeta (dual present second-person)
jьzmьlzete (dual present third-person)
jьzmьlzomъ (aorist first-person plural)
jьzmьlzoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
jьzmьlzete (aorist plural second-person)
jьzmьlzoste (aorist plural second-person)
jьzmьlzǫ (aorist plural third-person)
jьzmьlzošę (aorist plural third-person)
jьzmьlzemъ (first-person plural present)
jьzmьlzete (plural present second-person)
jьzmьlzǫtь (plural present third-person)
jьzmьlzi (imperative second-person singular)
jьzmьlzi (imperative singular third-person)
jьzmьlzěvě (dual first-person imperative)
jьzmьlzěta (dual imperative second-person)
jьzmьlzěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
jьzmьlzěte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: измълсти (izmŭlsti)

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic: измълсти (izmŭlsti)

desc

Bulgarian: измълзе́м (izmǎlzém) (dialectal)

Macedonian: измолзе (izmolze)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ѝзмӯсти

Latin script: ìzmūsti

Slovene: izmólsti (tonal orthography)

From *jьz- + *mьlsti. Compare parallel Lithuanian išmélžti (“to milk out”), Latin ēmulgeō (“I milk out”).


vъnukъ

vъnùkъ (canonical masculine)
a (accent-paradigm)
vъnùkъ (nominative singular)
vъnùka (dual nominative)
vъnùci (nominative plural)
vъnùka (genitive singular)
vъnùku (dual genitive)
vъnùkъ (genitive plural)
vъnùku (dative singular)
vъnùkoma (dative dual)
vъnùkomъ (dative plural)
vъnùkъ (accusative singular)
vъnùka (accusative dual)
vъnùky (accusative plural)
vъnùkъmь (instrumental singular)
vъnùkomь (instrumental singular)
vъnùkoma (dual instrumental)
vъnùkȳ (instrumental plural)
vъnùcě (locative singular)
vъnùku (dual locative)
vъnùcě̄xъ (locative plural)
vъnùče (singular vocative)
vъnùka (dual vocative)
vъnùci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: вънукъ (vŭnukŭ)

Old Ruthenian: внукъ (vnuk), унукъ (unuk)

desctree

Belarusian: уну́к (unúk)
→ Latgalian: unuks

Carpathian Rusyn: внук (vnuk)

desc

Ukrainian: ону́к (onúk); вну́к (vnúk), уну́к (unúk) (dialectal)

→ Lithuanian: anū̃kas

desctree

Russian: внук (vnuk)
→ Ingrian: vunukka
→ Komi-Zyrian: внук (vnuk)

Old Novgorodian: вънуке (vŭnuke)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: внук (vnuk)

Macedonian: внук (vnuk)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: у̀нук

Latin script: ùnuk

Slovene: vnuk

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vnuk

Czech: vnuk

Old Polish: wnęk, wnuk

Polish: wnuk

Slovak: vnuk

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: wnuk

Upper Sorbian: wnuk

Non-Slavic:

→ Chuvash: мăнук (mănuk)

→ Hungarian: unoka

→ Eastern Mari: уныка (unyka)

→ Tatar: онык (onıq)

The onset *vъn may be from the zero-grade of Proto-Indo-European *h₂en- (“onto”); for other familial terms from this root, compare Lithuanian anýta (“mother-in-law”), Latin anus (“old woman, matron”). Possibly related to Ancient Greek ἔγγονος (éngonos, “grandson”).

cog

ętry

sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife)


pazъ

pazъ (nominative singular)
paza (dual nominative)
pazi (nominative plural)
paza (genitive singular)
pazu (dual genitive)
pazъ (genitive plural)
pazu (dative singular)
pazoma (dative dual)
pazomъ (dative plural)
pazъ (accusative singular)
paza (accusative dual)
pazy (accusative plural)
pazъmь (instrumental singular)
pazomь (instrumental singular)
pazoma (dual instrumental)
pazy (instrumental plural)
pazě (locative singular)
pazu (dual locative)
pazěxъ (locative plural)
paze (singular vocative)
paza (dual vocative)
pazi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: пазъ (pazŭ)

Russian: паз (paz)

Ukrainian: паз (paz)

South Slavic:

Slovene: pа̑z; ра̑ž (tonal orthography) (< *pāzi̯os)

West Slavic:

Czech: paz?

Polish: paz?

From Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ-. Cognates include
Ancient Greek πήγνῡμι (pḗgnūmi), πῆγμα (pêgma), πάγος (págos),
Latin pango, pepigi, pactum, compāgēs,
Middle Irish āge (< *pāgio-),
Proto-Germanic *faką (> Old High German fah)

pazduxa

bosom; literally space between the breasts


šestъ

šȅstъ (canonical)
šestъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
šesta (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
šesto (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
šesta (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
šesty (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
šesta (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
šestu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
šestě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
šestu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
šestъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
šestǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
šesto (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
šestomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
šestojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
šestomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
šestě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
šestě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
šestě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
šeste (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
šesto (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
šesto (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
šesta (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
šestě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
šestě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
šestu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
šestu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
šestu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
šestoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
šestama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
šestoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
šesta (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
šestě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
šestě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
šestoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
šestama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
šestoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
šestu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
šestu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
šestu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
šesta (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
šestě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
šestě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
šesti (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
šesty (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
šesta (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
šestъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
šestъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
šestъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
šestomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
šestamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
šestomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
šesty (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
šesty (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
šesta (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
šesty (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
šestami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
šesty (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
šestěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
šestaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
šestěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
šesti (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
šesty (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
šesta (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
šestъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
šestaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
šestoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
šestajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
šestyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
šestajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
šestujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
šestěji (dative definite feminine singular)
šestujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
šestъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
šestǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
šestoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
šestyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
šestǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
šestyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
šestějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
šestěji (definite feminine locative singular)
šestějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
šestъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
šestaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
šestoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
šestaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
šestěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
šestěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
šestuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
šestuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
šestuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
šestyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
šestyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
šestyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
šestaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
šestěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
šestěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
šestyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
šestyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
šestyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
šestuju (definite dual locative masculine)
šestuju (definite dual feminine locative)
šestuju (definite dual locative neuter)
šestaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
šestěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
šestěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
šestiji (definite masculine nominative plural)
šestyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
šestaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
šestъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
šestъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
šestъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
šestyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
šestyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
šestyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
šestyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
šestyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
šestaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
šestyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
šestyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
šestyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
šestyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
šestyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
šestyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
šestiji (definite masculine plural vocative)
šestyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
šestaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *šestъ (hard)

Definite declension of *šestъ (hard)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: шестъ (šestŭ)

desc

Old Ruthenian: шостый (šostyj), шестый (šestyj)

Belarusian: шо́сты (šósty)

Carpathian Rusyn: шестый (šestŷj)

Ukrainian: шо́стий (šóstyj)

Russian: шесто́й (šestój)

Old Novgorodian: шесте (šeste)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: шестъ (šestŭ)

Glagolitic: ⱎⰵⱄⱅⱏ (šestŭ)

Bulgarian: ше́сти (šésti)

Macedonian: шести (šesti)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ше̏стӣ

Latin script: šȅstī

Slovene: šẹ́sti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: szósti

Old Czech: šestý
Czech: šestý

desctree

Old Polish: szósty
Polish: szósty
Silesian: szōsty

Polabian: sestĕ

Old Slovak: šiesty

Pannonian Rusyn: шести (šesti)

Slovak: šiesty

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: šesty

Lower Sorbian: šesty

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *seśtas, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sweḱstós (ordinal form of *swéḱs). Cognate with Lithuanian šẽštas (“sixth”) Latvian sȩstais (“sixth”), Old Prussian wuschts, usts, uschts (“sixth”), Sanskrit षष्ठ (ṣaṣṭha, “sixth”).
Per Derksen, the oldest Proto-Balto-Slavic form may have been *uśtas (perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *wéḱs > PIE *weḱstós) on the strength of the Old Prussian evidence, with *seśtas a later development influenced by *šeš (“six”). otherwise, the Old Prussian forms derives from the loss of initial *s- from Proto-Balto-Slavic.

inh

ordinal form of <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">*swéḱs</i>


gręzь

grę̑zь (canonical feminine)
c (accent-paradigm)
grę̑zь (nominative singular)
grę̑zi (dual nominative)
grę̑zi (nominative plural)
gręzí (genitive singular)
gręzьjù (dual genitive)
gręzь̀jь (genitive plural)
grę̑zi (dative singular)
gręzьmà (dative dual)
grę̑zьmъ (dative plural)
grę̑zь (accusative singular)
grę̑zi (accusative dual)
grę̑zi (accusative plural)
gręzьjǫ́ (instrumental singular)
gręzьmà (dual instrumental)
gręzьmì (instrumental plural)
gręzí (locative singular)
gręzьjù (dual locative)
grę̑zьxъ (locative plural)
gręzi (singular vocative)
grę̑zi (dual vocative)
grę̑zi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: грѣзъ (grězŭ), грѧзь

Belarusian: гразь (hrazʹ)

Russian: грязь (grjazʹ)

Ukrainian: грязь (hrjazʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: грѧзъ

Bulgarian: грез (grez)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: гре̑з

Latin script: grȇz

Slovene: grẹ̑z (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: hřez (Jungmann's 18th-century dictionary)


oči

ȍči du (canonical)
c (accent-paradigm)
ȍči (dual nominative)
očьjù (dual genitive)
očьmà (dative dual)
ȍči (accusative dual)
očьmà (dual instrumental)
očьjù (dual locative)
ȍči (dual vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: очи du (oči)

desc

Old Ruthenian: о́чи pl (óči), о́чы pl (óčy), во́чи pl (vóči), во́чы pl (vóčy)

Belarusian: во́чы (vóčy); о́чы pl (óčy) (dialectal)

Carpathian Rusyn: о́чі pl (óči), во́чі pl (vóči)

Ukrainian: о́чі pl (óči); о́чи pl (óčy) (dialectal)

Russian: о́чи pl (óči); во́чи pl (vóči) (dialectal)

Old Novgorodian: оци du (oci)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⱁⱍⰻ du (oči)

Old Cyrillic script: очи du (oči)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: о̏чи pl

Latin script: ȍči pl

Slovene: očȋ pl; аčí pl (dialectal)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: oči du

Czech: oči du

Old Polish: oczy

Polish: oczy pl

Silesian: ôczy pl

Old Slovak: oči pl

Pannonian Rusyn: очи pl (oči)

Slovak: oči pl

Polabian:

Pomeranian:

Kashubian:

Slovincian:

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: woči du

Upper Sorbian: wócy du

From Early Proto-Slavic *ačī˙, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *akīˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ókʷih₁, dual of *h₃ókʷs (“eye”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ὄσσε (ósse), Old Armenian աչք (ačʻkʻ), Kativiri ačé, Albanian sy.

nominative/accusative/vocative dual of *oko (“eye”)

Oleg Trubachyov
ru:Журавлёв, Анатолий Фёдорович


cěna

cěnà (canonical feminine)
c (accent-paradigm)
cěnà (nominative singular)
cě̑ně (dual nominative)
cě̑ny (nominative plural)
cěný (genitive singular)
cěnù (dual genitive)
cě̃nъ (genitive plural)
cěně̀ (dative singular)
cěnàma (dative dual)
cěnàmъ (dative plural)
cě̑nǫ (accusative singular)
cě̑ně (accusative dual)
cě̑ny (accusative plural)
cěnojǫ́ (instrumental singular)
cěnàma (dual instrumental)
cěnàmi (instrumental plural)
cě̑ně (locative singular)
cěnù (dual locative)
cěnàsъ (locative plural)
cěnàxъ (locative plural)
cěno (singular vocative)
cě̑ně (dual vocative)
cě̑ny (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: цѣна (cěna)

Old Ruthenian: цѣна́ (cěná), цона́ (coná)

Belarusian: цана́ (caná)

Ukrainian: ціна́ (ciná)

Russian: цена́ (cená)

Old Novgorodian: *кѣна (*kěna)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: цѣна (cěna)

Glagolitic script: ⱌⱑⱀⰰ (cěna)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: це́на, (dialectal) цијѐна

Latin script: céna, (dialectal) cijèna

Slovene: cẹ́na (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: cena

Old Czech: cěna
Czech: cena

desctree

Old Polish: cena
Polish: cena
Silesian: cena

Old Slovak: cena
Slovak: cena

Non-Slavic:

→ Latvian: cena

From Early Proto-Slavic *kajnā́˙, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kainā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂.


cělъ

cě̑lъ (canonical)
cělъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
cěla (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
cělo (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
cěla (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
cěly (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
cěla (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
cělu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
cělě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
cělu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
cělъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
cělǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
cělo (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
cělomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
cělojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
cělomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
cělě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
cělě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
cělě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
cěle (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
cělo (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
cělo (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
cěla (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
cělě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
cělě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
cělu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
cělu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
cělu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
cěloma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
cělama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
cěloma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
cěla (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
cělě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
cělě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
cěloma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
cělama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
cěloma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
cělu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
cělu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
cělu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
cěla (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
cělě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
cělě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
cěli (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
cěly (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
cěla (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
cělъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
cělъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
cělъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
cělomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
cělamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
cělomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
cěly (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
cěly (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
cěla (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
cěly (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
cělami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
cěly (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
cělěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
cělaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
cělěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
cěli (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
cěly (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
cěla (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
cělъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
cělaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
cěloje (definite neuter nominative singular)
cělajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
cělyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
cělajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
cělujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
cělěji (dative definite feminine singular)
cělujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
cělъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
cělǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
cěloje (accusative definite neuter singular)
cělyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
cělǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
cělyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
cělějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
cělěji (definite feminine locative singular)
cělějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
cělъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
cělaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
cěloje (definite neuter singular vocative)
cělaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
cělěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
cělěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
cěluju (definite dual genitive masculine)
cěluju (definite dual feminine genitive)
cěluju (definite dual genitive neuter)
cělyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
cělyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
cělyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
cělaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
cělěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
cělěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
cělyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
cělyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
cělyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
cěluju (definite dual locative masculine)
cěluju (definite dual feminine locative)
cěluju (definite dual locative neuter)
cělaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
cělěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
cělěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
cěliji (definite masculine nominative plural)
cělyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
cělaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
cělъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
cělъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
cělъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
cělyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
cělyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
cělyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
cělyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
cělyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
cělaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
cělyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
cělyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
cělyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
cělyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
cělyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
cělyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
cěliji (definite masculine plural vocative)
cělyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
cělaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *cělъ (hard)

Definite declension of *cělъ (hard)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: цѣлъ (cělŭ), цѣлꙑи (cělyi)

Belarusian: цэ́лы (cély)

Russian: це́лый (célyj)

Carpathian Rusyn: цілы́й (cilŷ́j)

Ukrainian: ці́лий (cílyj)

Old Novgorodian: кѣле (kěle), кѣлꙑи (kělyi)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: цѣлъ (cělŭ)

Bulgarian: цял (cjal)

Macedonian: цел (cel)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: це̏о (dialectal also ци̏о, ци̏јел)

Latin script: cȅo (dialectal also cȉo, cȉjel)

Slovene: cẹ̑ł (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

desctree

Old Czech: cělý, cěłý (alternative writing)
Czech: celý

Old Polish: cały
Polish: cały
Silesian: cały

Slovak: celý

Polabian: ćol

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: całi

Slovincian: caly

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: cyły

Lower Sorbian: ceły

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *káilas, from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ilos (“healthy, whole”).
Cognate with
Old Prussian kailūstikan (“health”, acc. sg.),
Proto-Germanic *hailaz (> English whole, Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃 (hails)).


morъ

mȍrъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
mȍrъ (nominative singular)
mȍra (dual nominative)
mȍri (nominative plural)
mȍra (genitive singular)
morù (dual genitive)
mòrъ (genitive plural)
mȍru (dative singular)
moromà (dative dual)
moròmъ (dative plural)
mȍrъ (accusative singular)
mȍra (accusative dual)
mȍry (accusative plural)
mȍrъmь (instrumental singular)
mȍromь (instrumental singular)
moromà (dual instrumental)
morý (instrumental plural)
mȍrě (locative singular)
morù (dual locative)
morě̃xъ (locative plural)
more (singular vocative)
mȍra (dual vocative)
mȍri (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *maras, from Proto-Indo-European *mor-o-s, from *mer- (“to die”). Cognate with Lithuanian mãras and Latin mors.