dьrznǫti

dьrznovenьje (noun-from-verb)
dьrznǫti (infinitive)
dьrznǫtъ (supine)
dьrznǫlъ (l-participle)
dьrznovenъ (participle passive past)
dьrznǫvъ (active participle past)
dьrznǫxъ (aorist first-person singular)
dьrznǫ (aorist second-person singular)
dьrznǫ (aorist singular third-person)
dьrznǫ (first-person present singular)
dьrzneši (present second-person singular)
dьrznetь (present singular third-person)
dьrznǫxově (aorist dual first-person)
dьrznǫsta (aorist dual second-person)
dьrznǫste (aorist dual third-person)
dьrznevě (dual first-person present)
dьrzneta (dual present second-person)
dьrznete (dual present third-person)
dьrznǫxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
dьrznǫste (aorist plural second-person)
dьrznǫšę (aorist plural third-person)
dьrznemъ (first-person plural present)
dьrznete (plural present second-person)
dьrznǫtь (plural present third-person)
dьrzni (imperative second-person singular)
dьrzni (imperative singular third-person)
dьrzněvě (dual first-person imperative)
dьrzněta (dual imperative second-person)
dьrzněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
dьrzněte (imperative plural second-person)
dьrzenьje (noun-from-verb)
dьrznǫti (infinitive)
dьrznǫtъ (supine)
dьrzlъ (l-participle)
dьrzenъ (participle passive past)
dьrzъ (active participle past)
dьrzъ (aorist first-person singular)
dьrzoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
dьrze (aorist second-person singular)
dьrze (aorist singular third-person)
dьrznǫ (first-person present singular)
dьrzneši (present second-person singular)
dьrznetь (present singular third-person)
dьrzově (aorist dual first-person)
dьrzoxově (aorist dual first-person)
dьrzeta (aorist dual second-person)
dьrzosta (aorist dual second-person)
dьrzete (aorist dual third-person)
dьrzoste (aorist dual third-person)
dьrznevě (dual first-person present)
dьrzneta (dual present second-person)
dьrznete (dual present third-person)
dьrzomъ (aorist first-person plural)
dьrzoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
dьrzete (aorist plural second-person)
dьrzoste (aorist plural second-person)
dьrzǫ (aorist plural third-person)
dьrzošę (aorist plural third-person)
dьrznemъ (first-person plural present)
dьrznete (plural present second-person)
dьrznǫtь (plural present third-person)
dьrzni (imperative second-person singular)
dьrzni (imperative singular third-person)
dьrzněvě (dual first-person imperative)
dьrzněta (dual imperative second-person)
dьrzněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
dьrzněte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: дьрзнꙋти (dĭrznuti), дьръзнꙋти (dĭrŭznuti), дрьзнꙋти (drĭznuti) (11th century)

Russian: дерзну́ть (derznútʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: дрьзнѫти (drĭznǫti), дръзнѫти (drŭznǫti)

Bulgarian: дръ́зна (drǎ́zna)

Macedonian: дрзне (drzne)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: др̏знути

Latin script: dȑznuti

Slovene: dŕzniti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: drznúti

Old Polish: darznąć

Slovincian: dzyrznõc

Non Slavic:

Romanian: îndrăzni

From the same root as *dьrzati + *-nǫti; see *dьrzati for further etymology. Compare also Sanskrit धृष्णोति (dhṛṣṇóti, “to dare”) (cognate per Derksen and Trubachev, not necessarily per Vasmer or Chernykh).


dьrgati

dьrnǫti (perfective)
c (accent-paradigm)
dьrganьje (noun-from-verb)
dьrgati (infinitive)
dьrgatъ (supine)
dьrgalъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
dьrganъ (participle passive past)
dьrgajemъ (participle passive present)
dьrgavъ (active participle past)
dьrgaję (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
dьrgaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
dьrga (aorist second-person singular)
dьrga (aorist singular third-person)
dьrgajǫ (first-person present singular)
dьrgaješi (present second-person singular)
dьrgajetь (present singular third-person)
dьrgaxově (aorist dual first-person)
dьrgasta (aorist dual second-person)
dьrgaste (aorist dual third-person)
dьrgajevě (dual first-person present)
dьrgajeta (dual present second-person)
dьrgajete (dual present third-person)
dьrgaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
dьrgaste (aorist plural second-person)
dьrgašę (aorist plural third-person)
dьrgajemъ (first-person plural present)
dьrgajete (plural present second-person)
dьrgajǫtь (plural present third-person)
dьrgaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
dьrgaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
dьrgaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
dьrgaji (imperative second-person singular)
dьrgaji (imperative singular third-person)
dьrgaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
dьrgaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
dьrgaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
dьrgajivě (dual first-person imperative)
dьrgajita (dual imperative second-person)
dьrgaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
dьrgaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
dьrgaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
dьrgajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
dьrgajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: дръгати (drŭgati)

Belarusian: до́ргаць (dórhacʹ)

Russian: дёргать (djórgatʹ)

Ukrainian: де́ргати (dérhaty)

South Slavic:

desc

Bulgarian: дъ́рзам (dǎ́rzam), дъ́ргам (dǎ́rgam)

Slovene: dŕgati (tonal orthography)

Serbo-Croatian: дркати,

West Slavic:

Czech: drhat

Polish: dziergać, dzierzgać

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: źergaś

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dirˀg-, from Proto-Indo-European *dr̥Hgʰ, from the root *derHgʰ- (given as *derHǵʰ- in Derksen, but this is likely a typo). Cognate with Lithuanian dìrginti (“to irritate”), dìrgti (“to become weak”) and Latvian dragât (“to pull, to tear”), derglît (“to tear, to split”). Further akin to Proto-Germanic *targijaną (“to tarry, to pull”).
In some dialects, *dьrgati has overlapped with forms of Proto-Slavic *drъgati (“to shake off, to tremble”).


bľusti

bľustì (canonical imperfective)
c (accent-paradigm)
bľudenьje (noun-from-verb)
bľusti (infinitive)
bľustъ (supine)
bľudlъ (l-participle)
c (accent-paradigm)
bľudenъ (participle passive past)
bľudomъ (participle passive present)
bľudъ (active participle past)
bľudy (active participle present)
c (accent-paradigm)
bľudъ (aorist first-person singular)
bľudoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
bľude (aorist second-person singular)
bľude (aorist singular third-person)
bľudǫ (first-person present singular)
bľudeši (present second-person singular)
bľudetь (present singular third-person)
bľudově (aorist dual first-person)
bľudoxově (aorist dual first-person)
bľudeta (aorist dual second-person)
bľudosta (aorist dual second-person)
bľudete (aorist dual third-person)
bľudoste (aorist dual third-person)
bľudevě (dual first-person present)
bľudeta (dual present second-person)
bľudete (dual present third-person)
bľudomъ (aorist first-person plural)
bľudoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
bľudete (aorist plural second-person)
bľudoste (aorist plural second-person)
bľudǫ (aorist plural third-person)
bľudošę (aorist plural third-person)
bľudemъ (first-person plural present)
bľudete (plural present second-person)
bľudǫtь (plural present third-person)
bľuděaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
bľuděaše (imperfect second-person singular)
bľuděaše (imperfect singular third-person)
bľudi (imperative second-person singular)
bľudi (imperative singular third-person)
bľuděaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
bľuděašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
bľuděašete (dual imperfect third-person)
bľuděvě (dual first-person imperative)
bľuděta (dual imperative second-person)
bľuděaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
bľuděašete (imperfect plural second-person)
bľuděaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
bľuděmъ (first-person imperative plural)
bľuděte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: блюсти (bljusti)

Old Belarusian: блюсти (bljusti)

Russian: блюсти́ (bljustí)

Old Ukrainian: блюсти (bljusti)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: блюсти (bljusti)

Glagolitic: ⰱⰾⱓⱄⱅⰻ (bljusti)

From earlier *bjusti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bjaustei, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéwdʰeti.


bъdrъ

bъ̀drъ (canonical)
bъdrъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
bъdra (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
bъdro (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
bъdra (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
bъdry (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
bъdra (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
bъdru (dative indefinite masculine singular)
bъdrě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
bъdru (dative indefinite neuter singular)
bъdrъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
bъdrǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
bъdro (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
bъdromь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
bъdrojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
bъdromь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
bъdrě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
bъdrě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
bъdrě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
bъdre (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
bъdro (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
bъdro (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
bъdra (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
bъdrě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
bъdrě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
bъdru (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
bъdru (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
bъdru (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
bъdroma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
bъdrama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
bъdroma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
bъdra (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
bъdrě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
bъdrě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
bъdroma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
bъdrama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
bъdroma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
bъdru (dual indefinite locative masculine)
bъdru (dual feminine indefinite locative)
bъdru (dual indefinite locative neuter)
bъdra (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
bъdrě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
bъdrě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
bъdri (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
bъdry (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
bъdra (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
bъdrъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
bъdrъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
bъdrъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
bъdromъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
bъdramъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
bъdromъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
bъdry (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
bъdry (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
bъdra (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
bъdry (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
bъdrami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
bъdry (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
bъdrěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
bъdraxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
bъdrěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
bъdri (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
bъdry (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
bъdra (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
bъdrъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
bъdraja (definite feminine nominative singular)
bъdroje (definite neuter nominative singular)
bъdrajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
bъdryję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
bъdrajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
bъdrujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
bъdrěji (dative definite feminine singular)
bъdrujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
bъdrъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
bъdrǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
bъdroje (accusative definite neuter singular)
bъdryjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
bъdrǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
bъdryjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
bъdrějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
bъdrěji (definite feminine locative singular)
bъdrějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
bъdrъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
bъdraja (definite feminine singular vocative)
bъdroje (definite neuter singular vocative)
bъdraja (definite dual masculine nominative)
bъdrěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
bъdrěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
bъdruju (definite dual genitive masculine)
bъdruju (definite dual feminine genitive)
bъdruju (definite dual genitive neuter)
bъdryjima (dative definite dual masculine)
bъdryjima (dative definite dual feminine)
bъdryjima (dative definite dual neuter)
bъdraja (accusative definite dual masculine)
bъdrěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
bъdrěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
bъdryjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
bъdryjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
bъdryjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
bъdruju (definite dual locative masculine)
bъdruju (definite dual feminine locative)
bъdruju (definite dual locative neuter)
bъdraja (definite dual masculine vocative)
bъdrěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
bъdrěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
bъdriji (definite masculine nominative plural)
bъdryję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
bъdraja (definite neuter nominative plural)
bъdrъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
bъdrъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
bъdrъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
bъdryjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
bъdryjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
bъdryjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
bъdryję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
bъdryję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
bъdraja (accusative definite neuter plural)
bъdryjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
bъdryjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
bъdryjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
bъdryjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
bъdryjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
bъdryjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
bъdriji (definite masculine plural vocative)
bъdryję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
bъdraja (definite neuter plural vocative)

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *bъdrъ (hard)

Definite declension of *bъdrъ (hard)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: бъдръ (bŭdrŭ)

Old Ruthenian: бодрый (bodryj)

Belarusian: бадзёры (badzjóry)

→ Ukrainian: бадьо́рий (badʹóryj)

Ukrainian: бо́дрий (bódryj)

Russian: бо́дрый (bódryj)

→ Bulgarian: бо́дър (bódǎr)

→ Czech: bodrý

→ Slovak: bodrý

→ Macedonian: бодар (bodar)

→ Serbo-Croatian: бо̏дар, bȍdar

→ Slovene: bọ́der (tonal orthography)

South Slavic:

desc

Old Church Slavonic: бъдръ (bŭdrŭ), бъждрь (bŭždrĭ)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *budras,
from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰros, from *bʰewdʰ-.
Morphologically *bъd- + *-rъ.
Cognate with
Lithuanian budrùs (“vigilant”),
Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬉𐬥𐬌𐬠𐬎𐬛𐬭𐬀 (zaēnibudra)

cheerful, vigorous, sprightly, chipper, upbeat, buoyant, spry, brisk, lively


olkъtь

ȍlkъtь (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
ȏlkъtь (nominative singular)
ȏlkъta (dual nominative)
ȏlkъti (nominative plural)
ȏlkъta (genitive singular)
olkъtù (dual genitive)
olkъ̀tь (genitive plural)
ȏlkъtu (dative singular)
olkъtemà (dative dual)
olkъtèmъ (dative plural)
ȏlkъtь (accusative singular)
ȏlkъta (accusative dual)
ȏlkъtę̇ (accusative plural)
ȏlkъtьmь (instrumental singular)
ȏlkъtemь (instrumental singular)
olkъtemà (dual instrumental)
olkъtí (instrumental plural)
ȏlkъti (locative singular)
olkъtù (dual locative)
olkъtĩxъ (locative plural)
olkъtu (singular vocative)
ȏlkъta (dual vocative)
ȏlkъti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: ло́къть (lókŭtĭ)

Old Ruthenian: ло́коть (lókotʹ)

Belarusian: ло́каць (lókacʹ), ло́кець (lókjecʹ) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: лі́коть (líkotʹ), ло́кіть (lókitʹ), ло́коть (lókotʹ)

Middle Russian: ло́коть (lókotʹ)

Russian: ло́коть (lókotʹ), ло́ко́т (lókót) (dialectal)

Old Novgorodian: локоть (lokotĭ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: лакъть (lakŭtĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰾⰰⰽⱏⱅⱐ (lakŭtĭ)

Bulgarian: ла́кът (lákǎt), ла́кат (lákat), ла́кет (láket), ла́кят (lákjat) (dialectal)

Macedonian: лакт (lakt), лакот (lakot), лакто (lakto)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ла̑кат, ло̑кат, ла̏кат

Cyrillic script: ла̑кат, ло̑кат, ла̏кат (dialectal)

Latin script: lȃkat, lȏkat, lȁkat (dialectal)

Kajkavian Serbo-Croatian: lãket

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: lȃket, lakȃt (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: loket

Czech: loket, łokeť (dialectal)

Knaanic: לוקיט (lokit)

Kashubian: łokc

Polabian: lüťit

Old Polish: łokieć

Polish: łokieć

Silesian: łokeć

Slovak: lakeť, lokeť

Slovincian: lôkc

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: łokś

Upper Sorbian: łohć

From pre-Slavic *olkъ (“ell”) + *-ъtь (cf. dial. Bulgarian лак m (lak), ла́ко n (láko)), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *Heh₃l-. Root stem cognate with Latvian ȩ̀lks (“elbow, bend”), Lithuanian alkū́nė (“elbow”) (dial. elkū̃nė), Old Prussian alkunis (“elbow”), affixed with n-suffix instead. Furhter akin to Lithuanian úolektis (“ell”), Latvian uôlekts (“ell”), Old Prussian woaltis (“forearm”) (with ō-grade).
Outside of Balto-Slavic, closest relative is Old Armenian ուղուկ (ułuk, “shank”).


pьrxъ

pь̑rxъ (canonical masculine)
pь̑rxъ (nominative singular)
pьrxa (dual nominative)
pьrśi (nominative plural)
pьrxa (genitive singular)
pьrxu (dual genitive)
pьrxъ (genitive plural)
pьrxu (dative singular)
pьrxoma (dative dual)
pьrxomъ (dative plural)
pь̑rxъ (accusative singular)
pьrxa (accusative dual)
pьrxy (accusative plural)
pьrxъmь (instrumental singular)
pьrxomь (instrumental singular)
pьrxoma (dual instrumental)
pьrxy (instrumental plural)
pьrśě (locative singular)
pьrxu (dual locative)
pьrśěxъ (locative plural)
pьrše (singular vocative)
pьrxa (dual vocative)
pьrśi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: парша (parša)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: пърх (pǎrh)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пр̑х

Latin script: pȓh

Slovene: pȓh (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Polish: parch

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *piršas, from Proto-Indo-European *pŕ̥s-o-s, from *pers- (“to sprinkle”).


pьrstь

pь̑rstь (canonical feminine)
pь̑rstь (nominative singular)
pьrsti (dual nominative)
pьrsti (nominative plural)
pьrsti (genitive singular)
pьrstьju (dual genitive)
pьrsťu (dual genitive)
pьrstьjь (genitive plural)
pьrsti (genitive plural)
pьrsti (dative singular)
pьrstьma (dative dual)
pьrstьmъ (dative plural)
pь̑rstь (accusative singular)
pьrsti (accusative dual)
pьrsti (accusative plural)
pьrstьjǫ (instrumental singular)
pьrsťǫ (instrumental singular)
pьrstьma (dual instrumental)
pьrstьmi (instrumental plural)
pьrsti (locative singular)
pьrstьju (dual locative)
pьrsťu (dual locative)
pьrstьxъ (locative plural)
pьrsti (singular vocative)
pьrsti (dual vocative)
pьrsti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: персть (perstʹ) (archaic)

Ukrainian: персть (perstʹ) (archaic)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: прьсть (prĭstĭ)

Glagolitic: ⱂⱃⱐⱄⱅⱐ (prĭstĭ)

Bulgarian: пръст (prǎst)

Slovene: pȓst (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: prst

Czech: prsť

Old Polish: pierść

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *pirštis, from Proto-Indo-European *pŕ̥s-ti-s ~ *pr̥s-téy-s, from *pers- (“to sprinkle”). Cognate with Latvian pìrkstis and Lithuanian pir̃kšnys.


ǫkotь

ǫkotь (nominative singular)
ǫkoti (dual nominative)
ǫkoti (nominative plural)
ǫkoti (genitive singular)
ǫkotьju (dual genitive)
ǫkotьjь (genitive plural)
ǫkoti (dative singular)
ǫkotьma (dative dual)
ǫkotьmъ (dative plural)
ǫkotь (accusative singular)
ǫkoti (accusative dual)
ǫkoti (accusative plural)
ǫkotьjǫ (instrumental singular)
ǫkotьma (dual instrumental)
ǫkotьmi (instrumental plural)
ǫkoti (locative singular)
ǫkotьju (dual locative)
ǫkotьxъ (locative plural)
ǫkoti (singular vocative)
ǫkoti (dual vocative)
ǫkoti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: укоть (ukotĭ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: ѫкоть (ǫkotĭ)

West Slavic:

Old Polish: łąkoć

Polish: łąkotka, łękotka

From Pre-Slavic *ankatis, a derivative of Proto-Balto-Slavic *ankas (“a hook, loop”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ónkos.


komiti

komľenьje (noun-from-verb)
komiti (infinitive)
komitъ (supine)
komilъ (l-participle)
komľenъ (participle passive past)
komimъ (participle passive present)
komľь (active participle past)
komę (active participle present)
komixъ (aorist first-person singular)
komi (aorist second-person singular)
komi (aorist singular third-person)
komľǫ (first-person present singular)
komiši (present second-person singular)
komitь (present singular third-person)
komixově (aorist dual first-person)
komista (aorist dual second-person)
komiste (aorist dual third-person)
komivě (dual first-person present)
komita (dual present second-person)
komite (dual present third-person)
komixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
komiste (aorist plural second-person)
komišę (aorist plural third-person)
komimъ (first-person plural present)
komite (plural present second-person)
komętь (plural present third-person)
komľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
komľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
komľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
komi (imperative second-person singular)
komi (imperative singular third-person)
komľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
komľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
komľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
komivě (dual first-person imperative)
komita (dual imperative second-person)
komľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
komľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
komľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
komimъ (first-person imperative plural)
komite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: коми́ть (komítʹ) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ко̀мити

Latin script: kòmiti


duti

dunǫti (perfective)
a (accent-paradigm)
dutьje (noun-from-verb)
duti (infinitive)
dutъ (supine)
dulъ (l-participle)
a (accent-paradigm)
dutъ (participle passive past)
dujemъ (participle passive present)
duvъ (active participle past)
duję (active participle present)
a (accent-paradigm)
duxъ (aorist first-person singular)
du (aorist second-person singular)
du (aorist singular third-person)
dujǫ (first-person present singular)
duješi (present second-person singular)
dujetь (present singular third-person)
duxově (aorist dual first-person)
dusta (aorist dual second-person)
duste (aorist dual third-person)
dujevě (dual first-person present)
dujeta (dual present second-person)
dujete (dual present third-person)
duxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
duste (aorist plural second-person)
dušę (aorist plural third-person)
dujemъ (first-person plural present)
dujete (plural present second-person)
dujǫtь (plural present third-person)
dujaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
dujaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
dujaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
duji (imperative second-person singular)
duji (imperative singular third-person)
dujaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
dujaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
dujaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
dujivě (dual first-person imperative)
dujita (dual imperative second-person)
dujaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
dujaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
dujaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
dujimъ (first-person imperative plural)
dujite (imperative plural second-person)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: доути (duti)

Bulgarian: дуя (duja)

Macedonian: дуе (due)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ду̏ти (obsolete)

Latin script: dȕti (obsolete)

Slovene: dúti

West Slavic:

Czech: douti

Polish: duć

Slovak: duť

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewH- (“to gush, to shake, to blow”), cognate with Sanskrit धूयते (dhūyate, “to shake, to tremble”) and Ancient Greek θῡ́ω (thū́ō, “to rush in, to storm”). Within Balto-Slavic, akin to Lithuanian dujà (“dizzle, mist”).
Formally, the lemma also bears resemblance with the onomatopoeic Proto-Slavic *duda (“duda (type of bagpipe)”), *dudati (“to play a duda”), *dudněti (“to buzz, to make noise”).
The conjugation pattern is probably normal thematic inflection. On the surface, it looks as *je-inflection, however, the -j- is likely resultant from a compensatory hiatus.

cog

to swell, to inflate (by blowing air into)


kolsъ

kȏlsъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
kȏlsъ (nominative singular)
kȏlsa (dual nominative)
kȏlsi (nominative plural)
kȏlsa (genitive singular)
kolsù (dual genitive)
kõlsъ (genitive plural)
kȏlsu (dative singular)
kolsomà (dative dual)
kolsòmъ (dative plural)
kȏlsъ (accusative singular)
kȏlsa (accusative dual)
kȏlsy (accusative plural)
kȏlsъmь (instrumental singular)
kȏlsomь (instrumental singular)
kolsomà (dual instrumental)
kolsý (instrumental plural)
kȏlsě (locative singular)
kolsù (dual locative)
kolsě̃xъ (locative plural)
kolse (singular vocative)
kȏlsa (dual vocative)
kȏlsi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: ко́лас (kólas)

Russian: ко́лос (kólos)

Ukrainian: ко́лос (kólos)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: класъ (klasŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰽⰾⰰⱄⱏ (klasŭ)

Bulgarian: клас (klas)

Macedonian: клас (klas)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кла̑с

Latin script: klȃs

Slovene: klȃs

West Slavic:

Old Czech: klas

Czech: klas

Moravian (Mistřice): ku̯as

Polabian: klås

Old Polish: kłos

Polish: kłos

Slovak: klas

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: kłós

Lower Sorbian: kłos

Formed from *kolti (“to reap”) + *-sъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kálˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *kolh₂-so-. See also Latin culmus (“stalk”) and Proto-West Germanic *hulis (“butcher's broom”).


veselъ

vȅselъ (canonical)
veselъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
vesela (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
veselo (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
vesela (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
vesely (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
vesela (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
veselu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
veselě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
veselu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
veselъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
veselǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
veselo (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
veselomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
veselojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
veselomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
veselě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
veselě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
veselě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
vesele (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
veselo (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
veselo (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
vesela (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
veselě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
veselě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
veselu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
veselu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
veselu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
veseloma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
veselama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
veseloma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
vesela (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
veselě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
veselě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
veseloma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
veselama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
veseloma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
veselu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
veselu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
veselu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
vesela (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
veselě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
veselě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
veseli (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
vesely (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
vesela (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
veselъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
veselъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
veselъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
veselomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
veselamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
veselomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
vesely (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
vesely (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
vesela (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
vesely (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
veselami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
vesely (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
veselěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
veselaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
veselěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
veseli (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
vesely (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
vesela (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
veselъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
veselaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
veseloje (definite neuter nominative singular)
veselajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
veselyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
veselajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
veselujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
veselěji (dative definite feminine singular)
veselujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
veselъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
veselǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
veseloje (accusative definite neuter singular)
veselyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
veselǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
veselyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
veselějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
veselěji (definite feminine locative singular)
veselějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
veselъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
veselaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
veseloje (definite neuter singular vocative)
veselaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
veselěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
veselěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
veseluju (definite dual genitive masculine)
veseluju (definite dual feminine genitive)
veseluju (definite dual genitive neuter)
veselyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
veselyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
veselyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
veselaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
veselěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
veselěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
veselyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
veselyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
veselyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
veseluju (definite dual locative masculine)
veseluju (definite dual feminine locative)
veseluju (definite dual locative neuter)
veselaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
veselěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
veselěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
veseliji (definite masculine nominative plural)
veselyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
veselaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
veselъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
veselъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
veselъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
veselyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
veselyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
veselyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
veselyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
veselyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
veselaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
veselyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
veselyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
veselyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
veselyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
veselyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
veselyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
veseliji (definite masculine plural vocative)
veselyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
veselaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *veselъ (hard)

Definite declension of *veselъ (hard)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: веселъ (veselŭ)

Belarusian: вясёлы (vjasjóly)

Russian: весёлый (vesjólyj)

Ukrainian: весе́лий (vesélyj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: веселъ (veselŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰲⰵⱄⰵⰾⱏ (veselŭ)

Bulgarian: ве́сел (vésel)

Macedonian: весел (vesel)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ве̏сео

Latin: vȅseo

Slovene: vesẹ̑l (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: veselý

Czech: veselý

Old Polish: wesoły
Polish: wesoły

Slovak: veselý

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: wjesoły

Lower Sorbian: wjasoły

Non-Slavic:

→ Romanian: vesel

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wéselas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁wes-e-lo-s, from *h₁wésus (“good”); as for the suffix, compare *tęželъ and *debelъ. Cognate with Latvian vesels (“healthy, whole”), Lithuanian vẽselas (“joyous, happy”), Old Prussian wessals (“cheerful”), Sanskrit वसु (vásu, “excellent, great”) and Avestan 𐬬𐬊𐬵𐬎 (vohu, “good, advantageous, suitable”).


bǫbьniti

East Slavic:

Russian: бубни́ть (bubnítʹ)

desc

Ukrainian: бубоні́ти (buboníty), бубні́ти (bubníty)

West Slavic:

Czech: bubeniti

Polish: bębnić


bǫbьnъ

bǫ̀bьnъ (canonical masculine)
a (accent-paradigm)
bǫbьnъ (nominative singular)
bǫbьna (dual nominative)
bǫbьni (nominative plural)
bǫbьna (genitive singular)
bǫbьnu (dual genitive)
bǫbьnъ (genitive plural)
bǫbьnu (dative singular)
bǫbьnoma (dative dual)
bǫbьnomъ (dative plural)
bǫbьnъ (accusative singular)
bǫbьna (accusative dual)
bǫbьny (accusative plural)
bǫbьnъmь (instrumental singular)
bǫbьnomь (instrumental singular)
bǫbьnoma (dual instrumental)
bǫbьnȳ (instrumental plural)
bǫbьně (locative singular)
bǫbьnu (dual locative)
bǫbьně̄xъ (locative plural)
bǫbьne (singular vocative)
bǫbьna (dual vocative)
bǫbьni (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: бѫбьнъ (bǫbĭnŭ), бѫбънъ (bǫbŭnŭ)

Old Ruthenian: бубенъ (buben), бубонъ (bubon)

Belarusian: бу́бен (búbjen)

Ukrainian: бу́бон (búbon), бу́бен (búben), бу́бйон (búbjon)

desctree

Russian: бу́бен (búben)
→ Kildin Sami: бӯбен (būbjen, “shaman drum”)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: бѫбьнъ (bǫbĭnŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бу̑бањ

Latin script: bȗbanj

Slovene: bọ̑bən (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: buben

Old Polish: bęben
Polish: bęben
Silesian: bymbyn

Slovak: bubon

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: bãben

Polabian: bǫbån

Onomatopoeic. Equivalent to *bǫbati + *-ьnъ.
Compare Ancient Greek βόμβος (bómbos, “buzz, hum”), Latin bombus (“buzz”).


bъrščь

bъ̃rščь (canonical masculine)
b (accent-paradigm)
bъ̃rščь (nominative singular)
bъrščà (dual nominative)
bъrščì (nominative plural)
bъrščà (genitive singular)
bъrščù (dual genitive)
bъ̃rščь (genitive plural)
bъrščù (dative singular)
bъrščèma (dative dual)
bъ̃rščemъ (dative plural)
bъ̃rščь (accusative singular)
bъrščà (accusative dual)
bъrščę̇̀ (accusative plural)
bъrščь̀mь (instrumental singular)
bъrščèmь (instrumental singular)
bъrščèma (dual instrumental)
bъ̃ršči (instrumental plural)
bъrščì (locative singular)
bъrščù (dual locative)
bъ̃rščixъ (locative plural)
bъršču (singular vocative)
bъrščà (dual vocative)
bъrščì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *бърщь (*bŭrščĭ)

desctree

Old Ruthenian: борщъ (boršč)
Belarusian: боршч (boršč)
→ Lithuanian: bar̃ščiai
Carpathian Rusyn: борщ (boršč)
Ukrainian: борщ (boršč); боршьшь (boršʹšʹ) (dialectal)
→ Yiddish: באָרשט (borsht)
→ English: borscht
→ Romanian: borș
→ Russian: борщ (boršč, “borscht”) (since the 18ᵗʰ c.)
→ Armenian: բորշ (borš)
→ Bulgarian: борш (borš)
→ Czech: boršč
→ Japanese: ボルシチ (borushichi)
→ Korean: 보르시 (boreusi)
→ Macedonian: боршч (boršč)
→ Mongolian: борщ (boršč)
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: бо̏ршч
Latin script: bȍršč
→ Slovak: boršč
→? Pannonian Rusyn: борщ (boršč)
→ Slovene: boršč

desc

Middle Russian: борщъ (boršč), борщь (borščʹ, “hogweed”) (16-17ᵗʰ c.)

Russian: борщ (boršč), борщь (borščʹ, “hogweed”) (obsolete); борш (borš) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Slovene: br̀šč

West Slavic:

Czech: bršť

desctree

Old Polish: barszcz
Polish: barszcz
→ English: barszcz
→ Esperanto: barĉo
→ Old Ruthenian: барщъ (baršč)
Belarusian: баршч (baršč)

Slovak: bršt

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: baršć

Lower Sorbian: baršć

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *burštjás, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰr̥s-t-yós, from *bʰers- (“top, tip, point”). Akin to Proto-Germanic *burstiz (“bristle”), Proto-Germanic *bruskaz (“tuft, thicket, underbrush”), Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰr̥štíš (“top, point”).


porgъ

pòrgъ (canonical masculine)
a (accent-paradigm)
porgъ (nominative singular)
pòrga (dual nominative)
pòrdzi (nominative plural)
pòrga (genitive singular)
pòrgu (dual genitive)
pòrgъ (genitive plural)
pòrgu (dative singular)
pòrgoma (dative dual)
pòrgomъ (dative plural)
porgъ (accusative singular)
pòrga (accusative dual)
pòrgy (accusative plural)
pòrgъmь (instrumental singular)
pòrgomь (instrumental singular)
pòrgoma (dual instrumental)
pòrgȳ (instrumental plural)
pòrdzě (locative singular)
pòrgu (dual locative)
pòrdzě̄xъ (locative plural)
pòrže (singular vocative)
pòrga (dual vocative)
pòrdzi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: порогъ (porogŭ)

Belarusian: паро́г (paróh)

Russian: поро́г (poróg)

Ukrainian: порі́г (poríh)

→ Polish: poroh

Carpathian Rusyn: пориг (poryh)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: прагъ (pragŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱂⱃⰰⰳⱏ (pragŭ)

Bulgarian: праг (prag)

Macedonian: праг (prag)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: праг

Latin script: prag

Slovene: prag

West Slavic:

Old Czech: práh

Czech: práh

Kashubian: próg

⇒ Kashubian: zôparg

Polabian: porg

Polish: próg

Silesian: prōg

Slovak: prah

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: prog

Upper Sorbian: próh

→ Albanian: prag

→ Romanian: prag

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *parˀgas, from Proto-Indo-European *porgʰos. Cognate with Lithuanian pérgas (“fishing canoe”).


-ьja

-ьja (nominative singular)
-ьji (dual nominative)
-ьję̇ (nominative plural)
-ьję̇ (genitive singular)
-ьju (dual genitive)
-ьjь (genitive plural)
-ьji (dative singular)
-ьjama (dative dual)
-ьjamъ (dative plural)
-ьjǫ (accusative singular)
-ьji (accusative dual)
-ьję̇ (accusative plural)
-ьjejǫ (instrumental singular)
-ьjǫ (instrumental singular)
-ьjama (dual instrumental)
-ьjami (instrumental plural)
-ьji (locative singular)
-ьju (dual locative)
-ьjasъ (locative plural)
-ьjaxъ (locative plural)
-ьje (singular vocative)
-ьji (dual vocative)
-ьję̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: -ьꙗ (-ĭja), -иꙗ (-ija)

desc

Old Ruthenian: -иꙗ (-ija), -ьꙗ (-ʹja), -ꙗ (-ja)

Belarusian: -'я (-ʺja)

Ukrainian: -'я (-ʺja), -я (-ja)

Russian: -ья (-ʹja)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: -ьꙗ (-ĭja), -иꙗ (-ija)

Glagolitic script: -ⱐⱑ (-ĭě), -ⰻⱑ (-iě)

Bulgarian: -ия (-ija)

Macedonian:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: -ија; allomorphic: -ћа (<* -t-ьja), -шћа (<* -st-ьja) -ња (< *-n-ьja), -ља (< *-l-ьja)

Latin script: -ija; allomorphic: -ća (<* -t-ьja), -šća (<* -st-ьja) -nja (< *-n-ьja), -lja (< *-l-ьja)

Slovene:

West Slavic:

Old Czech:

Czech:

Kashubian:

Polish: -a

Slovak:

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *-yeh₂. Cognate with Ancient Greek -ία (-ía).

inh+

bratrьja / *bratьja (“brothers, brotherhood”) ← *bratrъ / *bratъ (“brother”)

čudesьja (“marvel”) ← *čudo (“miracle”)

sěmьja

Denominal, forming collective nouns or abstract nouns with hyperbolic conotation

(Regional, colloquial) From abstract nouns in *-ota, forming apologetic abstract nouns. Equivalent to *-otьja


glǫbokъ

glǫbòkъ (canonical)
glǫbokъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
glǫboka (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
glǫboko (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
glǫboka (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
glǫboky (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
glǫboka (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
glǫboku (dative indefinite masculine singular)
glǫbokě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
glǫboku (dative indefinite neuter singular)
glǫbokъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
glǫbokǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
glǫboko (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
glǫbokomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
glǫbokojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
glǫbokomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
glǫbokě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
glǫbokě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
glǫbokě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
glǫboke (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
glǫboko (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
glǫboko (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
glǫboka (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
glǫbokě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
glǫbokě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
glǫboku (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
glǫboku (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
glǫboku (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
glǫbokoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
glǫbokama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
glǫbokoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
glǫboka (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
glǫbokě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
glǫbokě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
glǫbokoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
glǫbokama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
glǫbokoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
glǫboku (dual indefinite locative masculine)
glǫboku (dual feminine indefinite locative)
glǫboku (dual indefinite locative neuter)
glǫboka (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
glǫbokě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
glǫbokě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
glǫboki (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
glǫboky (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
glǫboka (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
glǫbokъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
glǫbokъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
glǫbokъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
glǫbokomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
glǫbokamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
glǫbokomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
glǫboky (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
glǫboky (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
glǫboka (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
glǫboky (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
glǫbokami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
glǫboky (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
glǫbokěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
glǫbokaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
glǫbokěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
glǫboki (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
glǫboky (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
glǫboka (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
glǫbokъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
glǫbokaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
glǫbokoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
glǫbokajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
glǫbokyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
glǫbokajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
glǫbokujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
glǫbokěji (dative definite feminine singular)
glǫbokujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
glǫbokъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
glǫbokǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
glǫbokoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
glǫbokyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
glǫbokǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
glǫbokyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
glǫbokějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
glǫbokěji (definite feminine locative singular)
glǫbokějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
glǫbokъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
glǫbokaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
glǫbokoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
glǫbokaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
glǫbokěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
glǫbokěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
glǫbokuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
glǫbokuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
glǫbokuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
glǫbokyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
glǫbokyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
glǫbokyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
glǫbokaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
glǫbokěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
glǫbokěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
glǫbokyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
glǫbokyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
glǫbokyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
glǫbokuju (definite dual locative masculine)
glǫbokuju (definite dual feminine locative)
glǫbokuju (definite dual locative neuter)
glǫbokaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
glǫbokěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
glǫbokěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
glǫbokiji (definite masculine nominative plural)
glǫbokyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
glǫbokaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
glǫbokъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
glǫbokъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
glǫbokъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
glǫbokyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
glǫbokyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
glǫbokyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
glǫbokyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
glǫbokyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
glǫbokaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
glǫbokyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
glǫbokyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
glǫbokyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
glǫbokyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
glǫbokyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
glǫbokyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
glǫbokiji (definite masculine plural vocative)
glǫbokyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
glǫbokaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *glǫbokъ (hard)

Definite declension of *glǫbokъ (hard)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: глѫбокъ (glǫbokŭ), глубокъ (glubokŭ)

Old Ruthenian: глубокїй (hlubokij), глыбокїй (hlybokij)

Belarusian: глыбо́кі (hlybóki)

Ukrainian: глибо́кий (hlybókyj)

Russian: глубо́кий (glubókij)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: глѫбокъ (glǫbokŭ)

Bulgarian: дълбо́к (dǎlbók) (from *dlǫbokъ, by contamination with *dъlbokъ), глъ́мбок (glǎ́mbok) (dialectal), длъ́мбок (dlǎ́mbok) (dialectal).

Macedonian: длабок (dlabok) (from *dlǫbokъ, by contamination with *dъlbokъ), глабок (glabok)

Serbo-Croatian: dubok, дубок (from *dlǫbokъ, by contamination with *dъlbokъ).

Slovene: globȍk (tonal orthography)

West Slavic

Old Czech: hluboký

Czech: hluboký

desctree

Old Polish: głęboki
Polish: głęboki
Silesian: głymboki

Slovak: hlboký

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: głãbòczi

Slovincian: glãbôkjy

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: dłymoki

Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *glewbʰ- with nasal infix, see also Ancient Greek γλύφω (glúphō, “to carve out”). Derksen is doubtful about the phonetics, and the semantics are distant as well.


bazъ

bazъ (nominative singular)
baza (dual nominative)
bazi (nominative plural)
baza (genitive singular)
bazu (dual genitive)
bazъ (genitive plural)
bazu (dative singular)
bazoma (dative dual)
bazomъ (dative plural)
bazъ (accusative singular)
baza (accusative dual)
bazy (accusative plural)
bazъmь (instrumental singular)
bazomь (instrumental singular)
bazoma (dual instrumental)
bazy (instrumental plural)
bazě (locative singular)
bazu (dual locative)
bazěxъ (locative plural)
baze (singular vocative)
baza (dual vocative)
bazi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: бас (bas, “Sambucus”)

desc

Ukrainian: баз (baz), базни́к (baznýk, “Sambucus ebulus L.; Syringa vulgaris”)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: база́к (bazák), базани́к (bazaník), базано́к (bazanók), базо́вина (bazóvina) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian: баз

⇒ Serbo-Croatian: ба̀зга, базовина

West Slavic:

Polish: bazia

Slovak: baza

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: baz (“Sambucus nigra”)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bāˀźas, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵos.


bъzъ

bъ̏zъ (canonical masculine)
bъzъ (nominative singular)
bъza (dual nominative)
bъzi (nominative plural)
bъza (genitive singular)
bъzu (dual genitive)
bъzъ (genitive plural)
bъzu (dative singular)
bъzoma (dative dual)
bъzomъ (dative plural)
bъzъ (accusative singular)
bъza (accusative dual)
bъzy (accusative plural)
bъzъmь (instrumental singular)
bъzomь (instrumental singular)
bъzoma (dual instrumental)
bъzy (instrumental plural)
bъzě (locative singular)
bъzu (dual locative)
bъzěxъ (locative plural)
bъze (singular vocative)
bъza (dual vocative)
bъzi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: бъзъ (bŭzŭ), бозъ (bozŭ)

Russian: боз (boz) (obsolete), буз (buz)

⇒ Russian: бузина́ (buziná, “elder”)

Ukrainian: боз (boz), буз (buz)

⇒ Ukrainian: бузина́ (buzyná, “elder”)

⇒ Ukrainian: бузо́к (buzók, “lilac”)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: бъзъ (bŭzŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰱⱏⰸⱏ (bŭzŭ)

Serbo-Croatian: baz, boz

⇒ Serbo-Croatian: bàzga

Serbo-Croatian: баз, боз

⇒ Serbo-Croatian: ба̀зга

Slovene: bə̏z (tonal orthography) (dialectal)

⇒ Slovene: bəzə̏g, bə̀zəg (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: bez

Czech: bez

Polabian: båz

desctree

Old Polish: bez
Polish: bez
Silesian: bes

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: bes

Slovak: bez, baza

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: bóz

Lower Sorbian: bez, baz

Non-Slavic:

→ Greek: βούζιον (voúzion)

→ Hungarian: bodza

Related to Proto-Slavic *bazъ (“elder tree”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵos.

buzina

*buzъ (“hum, purr”) (in Bulgarian attested in 0-grade, identical to *bъzъ)


věra

vě̀ra (canonical feminine)
a (accent-paradigm)
vě̀ra (nominative singular)
vě̀rě (dual nominative)
vě̀ry (nominative plural)
vě̀ry (genitive singular)
vě̀ru (dual genitive)
vě̀rъ (genitive plural)
vě̀rě (dative singular)
vě̀rama (dative dual)
vě̀ramъ (dative plural)
vě̀rǫ (accusative singular)
vě̀rě (accusative dual)
vě̀ry (accusative plural)
vě̀rojǫ (instrumental singular)
vě̀rǭ (instrumental singular)
vě̀rama (dual instrumental)
vě̀ramī (instrumental plural)
vě̀rě (locative singular)
vě̀ru (dual locative)
vě̀rasъ (locative plural)
vě̀raxъ (locative plural)
vě̀ro (singular vocative)
vě̀rě (dual vocative)
vě̀ry (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: вѣра (věra)

Old Ruthenian: вѣра (věra)

Belarusian: ве́ра (vjéra)

Ukrainian: ві́ра (víra)

Russian: ве́ра (véra)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: вѣра (věra)

Bulgarian: вя́ра (vjára)

Macedonian: вера (vera)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ве̏ра

Latin script: vȅra

Slovene: vẹ́ra (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: viera

Czech: víra

Old Polish: wiera

Polish: wiara

Old Slovak:

Pannonian Rusyn: вира (vira)

Slovak: viera

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: wěra

Lower Sorbian: wěra

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wēˀrāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁reh₂, from *weh₁- (“true”).


pavъ

pavъ (nominative singular)
pava (dual nominative)
pavi (nominative plural)
pava (genitive singular)
pavu (dual genitive)
pavъ (genitive plural)
pavu (dative singular)
pavoma (dative dual)
pavomъ (dative plural)
pavъ (accusative singular)
pava (accusative dual)
pavy (accusative plural)
pavъmь (instrumental singular)
pavomь (instrumental singular)
pavoma (dual instrumental)
pavy (instrumental plural)
pavě (locative singular)
pavu (dual locative)
pavěxъ (locative plural)
pave (singular vocative)
pava (dual vocative)
pavi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: па́ва (páva)

Ukrainian: па́ва (páva)

Belarusian: па́ва (páva)

South Slavic:

Slovene: páv

West Slavic:

Czech: páv

Polish: paw

Slovak: páv

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: paw

Lower Sorbian: paw

Non-Slavic:

→ Hungarian: páva

Borrowed from Latin pāvō (“peacock”). Cognate with Latvian pāvs, Lithuanian povas.


syrъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *syrъ (hard)

Definite declension of *syrъ (hard)

syrъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
syra (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
syro (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
syra (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
syry (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
syra (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
syru (dative indefinite masculine singular)
syrě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
syru (dative indefinite neuter singular)
syrъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
syrǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
syro (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
syromь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
syrojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
syromь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
syrě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
syrě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
syrě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
syre (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
syro (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
syro (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
syra (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
syrě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
syrě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
syru (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
syru (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
syru (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
syroma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
syrama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
syroma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
syra (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
syrě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
syrě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
syroma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
syrama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
syroma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
syru (dual indefinite locative masculine)
syru (dual feminine indefinite locative)
syru (dual indefinite locative neuter)
syra (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
syrě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
syrě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
syri (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
syry (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
syra (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
syrъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
syrъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
syrъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
syromъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
syramъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
syromъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
syry (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
syry (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
syra (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
syry (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
syrami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
syry (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
syrěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
syraxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
syrěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
syri (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
syry (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
syra (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
syrъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
syraja (definite feminine nominative singular)
syroje (definite neuter nominative singular)
syrajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
syryję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
syrajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
syrujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
syrěji (dative definite feminine singular)
syrujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
syrъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
syrǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
syroje (accusative definite neuter singular)
syryjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
syrǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
syryjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
syrějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
syrěji (definite feminine locative singular)
syrějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
syrъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
syraja (definite feminine singular vocative)
syroje (definite neuter singular vocative)
syraja (definite dual masculine nominative)
syrěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
syrěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
syruju (definite dual genitive masculine)
syruju (definite dual feminine genitive)
syruju (definite dual genitive neuter)
syryjima (dative definite dual masculine)
syryjima (dative definite dual feminine)
syryjima (dative definite dual neuter)
syraja (accusative definite dual masculine)
syrěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
syrěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
syryjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
syryjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
syryjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
syruju (definite dual locative masculine)
syruju (definite dual feminine locative)
syruju (definite dual locative neuter)
syraja (definite dual masculine vocative)
syrěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
syrěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
syriji (definite masculine nominative plural)
syryję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
syraja (definite neuter nominative plural)
syrъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
syrъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
syrъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
syryjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
syryjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
syryjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
syryję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
syryję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
syraja (accusative definite neuter plural)
syryjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
syryjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
syryjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
syryjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
syryjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
syryjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
syriji (definite masculine plural vocative)
syryję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
syraja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: сыры́ (syrý)

Russian: сыро́й (syrój)

Ukrainian: сири́й (syrýj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: сꙑръ (syrŭ)

desc

Bulgarian: сир (sir) (dialectal, usually in compounds)

Serbo-Croatian: sir

West Slavic:

Czech: syrý, sýr

Kashubian: sër

Polish: ser

Silesian: syr

Slovak: syr

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: syry

Upper Sorbian: syry

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sū́ˀras, from Proto-Indo-European *súHros (“sour, salty, bitter”).


jegъda

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: егда (egda)
Old Ruthenian: єгда́ (jehdá)
Russian: егда́ (jegdá) (archaic)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: ѥгда (jegda)

Serbo-Croatian: jegda, jeda

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jeda

Old Polish: jegdy

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *jas gadas. Equivalent to *je + *-gъda. Compare Lithuanian jeigu (“if”), Sanskrit यदा (yadā, “if, when”), Avestan 𐬫𐬀𐬛𐬁 (yadā).


grьkъ

grьkъ (nominative singular)
grьka (dual nominative)
grьci (nominative plural)
grьka (genitive singular)
grьku (dual genitive)
grьkъ (genitive plural)
grьku (dative singular)
grьkoma (dative dual)
grьkomъ (dative plural)
grьkъ (accusative singular)
grьka (accusative dual)
grьky (accusative plural)
grьkъmь (instrumental singular)
grьkomь (instrumental singular)
grьkoma (dual instrumental)
grьky (instrumental plural)
grьcě (locative singular)
grьku (dual locative)
grьcěxъ (locative plural)
grьče (singular vocative)
grьka (dual vocative)
grьci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: грькъ (grĭkŭ)

Old Ruthenian: грекъ (hrek), кгрекъ (grek)
Belarusian: грэк (hrek)
Carpathian Rusyn: Ґрек (Grek)
Ukrainian: грек (hrek)

Russian: грек (grek)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⰳⱃⱐⰽⱏ (grĭkŭ)

Old Cyrillic script: грькъ (grĭkŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: Гр̏к

Latin script: Gȑk

Slovene: Gȓk (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: Hřěk, Řěk

Czech: Řek

→ Lower Sorbian: Hrjek

Polish: Grek

Old Slovak: Grék

Pannonian Rusyn: Грек (Hrek)

Slovak: Grék; Rék (dialectal)

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: Grek

Upper Sorbian: Grjek

Non-Slavic:

→ Albanian: gërk

Borrowed from Balkan Vulgar Latin graecus, from Ancient Greek Γραικός (Graikós), of uncertain origin.
It's not entirely clear why near-open -ae- was substituted with close *ь (*ĭ). On the one hand Simeonov proposed Thracian-related influence. On the other hand Skok and Shevelyov proposed that Vulgar Latin grecíscus was borrowed into *grьčьskъ first, with back-formation of *grьci and *grьčinъ, and only then *grьkъ.


mьzda

mьzdà (canonical feminine)
b (accent-paradigm)
mьzdà (nominative singular)
mь̀zdě (dual nominative)
mьzdỳ (nominative plural)
mьzdỳ (genitive singular)
mьzdù (dual genitive)
mь̀zdъ (genitive plural)
mьzdě̀ (dative singular)
mьzdàma (dative dual)
mьzdàmъ (dative plural)
mьzdǫ̀ (accusative singular)
mь̀zdě (accusative dual)
mьzdỳ (accusative plural)
mьzdòjǫ (instrumental singular)
mь̀zdǫ (instrumental singular)
mьzdàma (dual instrumental)
mьzdàmī (instrumental plural)
mьzdě̀ (locative singular)
mьzdù (dual locative)
mьzdàsъ (locative plural)
mьzdàxъ (locative plural)
mьzdo (singular vocative)
mь̀zdě (dual vocative)
mьzdỳ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: мзда (mzda), мьзда (mĭzda), мъзда (mŭzda), мезда (mezda)

Old Ruthenian: мзда (mzda)

Ukrainian: мзда (mzda)

Russian: мзда (mzda)

Old Novgorodian: мьꙁда (mĭzda), мꙁда (mzda)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: мьзда (mĭzda)

Bulgarian: мъзда́ (mǎzdá)

Macedonian: мазд m (mazd)

Serbo-Croatian: mázda, mzda, ма́зда, мзда

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: mə̄zda, məzdà, mẹ̄zda, mézda (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: mzda

Czech: mzda

Old Polish: mzda

Polish: mzda (16th century)

Slovak: mzda

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: mzda, zda

Lower Sorbian: mzda

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *misdá, from Proto-Indo-European *misdʰéh₂.


vьśěmo

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: вьсꙗмо (vĭsjamo), вьсѧмо

Russian: всям (vsjam), всямо (vsjamo)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: вьсѣмо (vĭsěmo)


jьnamo

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: инамо (inamo)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: инамо (inamo)

Serbo-Croatian: inam, inamo

Slovene: inam

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jinamo, jinam

Czech: jinam

Polabian: jainăm

Slovak: inam


sěmo

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: сѣмо (sěmo), сѧмо, само (samo), сѣмь (sěmĭ, “hereto”)

Russian: сям (sjam)

Ukrainian: сям (sjam)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: сѣмо (sěmo)

Bulgarian: сам (sam) (obsolete, dialectal), ⇒ наса́м (nasám)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: си̏мо

Latin script: sȉmo

Slovene: sem (“here, hereto”)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: sěmo, sěm

Czech: sem

Polabian: sem

desctree

Old Polish: sam
Polish: siam
Silesian: sam

Slovak: sem

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: sem

Lower Sorbian: sem (“hereto”)


stroka

strokà (canonical feminine)
c (accent-paradigm)
strokà (nominative singular)
strȍcě (dual nominative)
strȍky (nominative plural)
stroký (genitive singular)
strokù (dual genitive)
stròkъ (genitive plural)
strocě̀ (dative singular)
strokàma (dative dual)
strokàmъ (dative plural)
strȍkǫ (accusative singular)
strȍcě (accusative dual)
strȍky (accusative plural)
strokojǫ́ (instrumental singular)
strokàma (dual instrumental)
strokàmi (instrumental plural)
strȍcě (locative singular)
strokù (dual locative)
strokàsъ (locative plural)
strokàxъ (locative plural)
stroko (singular vocative)
strȍcě (dual vocative)
strȍky (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: строка (stroka)

desc

Russian: строка́ (stroká), стро́чка (stróčka)

Ukrainian: строка́ (stroká), стрі́чка (stríčka)

West Slavic:

Middle Polish: stroka (“mark, pattern”)

→ Belarusian: страка́ (straká, “belt”)

→ Ukrainian: строка́ (stroká, “band, ribbon”)

Probably from a k-extension of Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“stern, rigid”), originally meaning “pricking (on a skewer)” (per Vasmer). Akin to Latvian stracis (“moment”).

strokatъ

alternating, occuring in pattern; motley (for coloration)

(by extension) linear arrangment, pattern


vymę

vỳmę (canonical neuter)
a (accent-paradigm)
vỳmę (nominative singular)
vỳmeni (dual nominative)
vỳmenā (nominative plural)
vỳmene (genitive singular)
vỳmenu (dual genitive)
vỳmenъ (genitive plural)
vỳmeni (dative singular)
vỳmenьma (dative dual)
vỳmenьmъ (dative plural)
vỳmę (accusative singular)
vỳmeni (accusative dual)
vỳmenā (accusative plural)
vỳmenьmь (instrumental singular)
vỳmenьma (dual instrumental)
vỳmenȳ (instrumental plural)
vỳmene (locative singular)
vỳmenu (dual locative)
vỳmenьxъ (locative plural)
vỳmę (singular vocative)
vỳmeni (dual vocative)
vỳmenā (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: вꙑмѧ

Belarusian: вы́мя (výmja)

Russian: вы́мя (výmja)

Ukrainian: ви́м'я (výmʺja)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: ви́ме (víme)

Macedonian: виме (vime)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ви̏ме

Latin script: vȉme, (Chakavian) vȉme

Slovene: víme

West Slavic:

Old Czech: výmě

Czech: vemeno

Moravian (Mistřice): vimeno

Old Polish: wymię

Polish: wymię

Slovak: vemä

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: wumjo

Lower Sorbian: wumje

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ūdmen, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ówHdʰr̥.


děverь

dě̀verь (canonical)
dě̑verь (canonical masculine)
a (accent-paradigm)
dě̀verь (nominative singular)
dě̀veri (dual nominative)
dě̀verьjē (nominative plural)
dě̀verī (genitive singular)
dě̀verьju (dual genitive)
dě̀verьjь (genitive plural)
dě̀veri (dative singular)
dě̀verьma (dative dual)
dě̀verьmъ (dative plural)
dě̀verь (accusative singular)
dě̀veri (accusative dual)
dě̀veri (accusative plural)
dě̀verьmь (instrumental singular)
dě̀verьma (dual instrumental)
dě̀verьmī (instrumental plural)
dě̀verī (locative singular)
dě̀verьju (dual locative)
dě̀verьxъ (locative plural)
děveri (singular vocative)
dě̀veri (dual vocative)
dě̀verьjē (plural vocative)
c (accent-paradigm)
dě̑verь (nominative singular)
dě̑veri (dual nominative)
dě̑verьjē (nominative plural)
děverí (genitive singular)
děverьjù (dual genitive)
děverь̀jь (genitive plural)
dě̑veri (dative singular)
děverьmà (dative dual)
dě̑verьmъ (dative plural)
dě̑verь (accusative singular)
dě̑veri (accusative dual)
dě̑veri (accusative plural)
dě̑verьmь (instrumental singular)
děverьmà (dual instrumental)
děverьmì (instrumental plural)
děverí (locative singular)
děverьjù (dual locative)
dě̑verьxъ (locative plural)
děveri (singular vocative)
dě̑veri (dual vocative)
dě̑verьjē (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: дзе́вер (dzjévjer)

Russian: де́верь (déverʹ)

Ukrainian: ді́вер (díver)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: де́вер (déver)

→ Romanian: dever

Macedonian: де́вер (déver)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: де̏вер, дје̏вер

Latin script: dȅvēr, djȅver

Chakavian: dȉver

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: devẹ̑r, dẹ́ver (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: deveř

Old Polish: dziewierz

Polish: dziewierz

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dāˀiweris, from Proto-Indo-European *dayh₂wḗr. Baltic cognates include Latvian diẽveris, Lithuanian díeveris. Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek δαήρ (daḗr), Latin lēvir, Proto-Germanic *taikuraz, Sanskrit देवृ (devṛ́).


strěxa

strěxa (nominative singular)
strěśě (dual nominative)
strěxy (nominative plural)
strěxy (genitive singular)
strěxu (dual genitive)
strěxъ (genitive plural)
strěśě (dative singular)
strěxama (dative dual)
strěxamъ (dative plural)
strěxǫ (accusative singular)
strěśě (accusative dual)
strěxy (accusative plural)
strěxojǫ (instrumental singular)
strěxǫ (instrumental singular)
strěxama (dual instrumental)
strěxami (instrumental plural)
strěśě (locative singular)
strěxu (dual locative)
strěxasъ (locative plural)
strěxaxъ (locative plural)
strěxo (singular vocative)
strěśě (dual vocative)
strěxy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: стрѣха (strěxa)

Belarusian: страха́ (straxá)

Russian: стреха́ (strexá)

Ukrainian: стрі́ха (stríxa)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: стрѣха (strěxa)

Glagolitic script: ⱄⱅⱃⱑⱈⰰ (strěxa)

desc

Bulgarian: стря́ха (strjáha), стреха́ (strehá)

Macedonian: стреа (strea)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: стрѐха

Latin script: strèha

Slovene: streha

→ Albanian: strehë

West Slavic:

Old Czech: střěcha

Czech: střecha

Old Polish: strzecha

Polish: strzecha

Slovak: strecha

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: třěcha

Lower Sorbian: tśěcha, stśěcha

From Proto-Indo-European *sterh₃- (“to spread, to extend”).
Compare Lithuanian stríegti (“to roof”)


tьrnьje

tьrnьje (nominative singular)
tьrnьji (dual nominative)
tьrnьja (nominative plural)
tьrnьja (genitive singular)
tьrnьju (dual genitive)
tьrnьjь (genitive plural)
tьrnьju (dative singular)
tьrnьjema (dative dual)
tьrnьjemъ (dative plural)
tьrnьje (accusative singular)
tьrnьji (accusative dual)
tьrnьja (accusative plural)
tьrnьjьmь (instrumental singular)
tьrnьjemь (instrumental singular)
tьrnьjema (dual instrumental)
tьrnьji (instrumental plural)
tьrnьji (locative singular)
tьrnьju (dual locative)
tьrnьjixъ (locative plural)
tьrnьje (singular vocative)
tьrnьji (dual vocative)
tьrnьja (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: тьрние (tĭrnie)

Russian: те́рние (térnije)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: трьниѥ (trĭnije)

Glagolitic script: ⱅⱃⱐⱀⱐⰵ (trĭnĭe)

desc

>? Bulgarian: тръ́не (trǎ́ne) (dialectal)

Macedonian: трње (trnje)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тр̑ње

Latin script: tȓnje

Slovene: tŕnje (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: trnie

Czech: trní

Old Polish: ciernie, cierznie, tarnie

Middle Polish: tarnie, ciernie

Polish: tarń, cierń

Slovak: tŕnie


tьrnъ

tь̃rnъ (canonical masculine)
b (accent-paradigm)
tь̃rnъ (nominative singular)
tьrnà (dual nominative)
tьrnì (nominative plural)
tьrnà (genitive singular)
tьrnù (dual genitive)
tь̃rnъ (genitive plural)
tьrnù (dative singular)
tьrnòma (dative dual)
tьrnòmъ (dative plural)
tь̃rnъ (accusative singular)
tьrnà (accusative dual)
tьrnỳ (accusative plural)
tьrnъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
tьrnòmь (instrumental singular)
tьrnòma (dual instrumental)
tь̃rny (instrumental plural)
tьrně̀ (locative singular)
tьrnù (dual locative)
tь̃rněxъ (locative plural)
tьrne (singular vocative)
tьrnà (dual vocative)
tьrnì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: тьрнъ (tĭrnŭ)

Belarusian: цёрн (cjorn)

Russian: тёрн (tjorn), тёрен (tjóren)

Ukrainian: те́рен (téren)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: трьнъ (trĭnŭ), трънъ (trŭnŭ)

Bulgarian: трън (trǎn)

Macedonian: трн (trn)

Serbo-Croatian: тр̑н, tȓn, tȑń, tr̃n

Slovene: tŕn (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: trn

Czech: trn

Kashubian: cérzniô

Polabian: dren

Old Polish: tarn, cirń

Polish: tarń, cierń

Slovak: tŕň

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: ćerń

Lower Sorbian: śerń

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tirnas, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós, although AP b is unexpected.


koty

kotỳ (canonical feminine)
b (accent-paradigm)
kotỳ (nominative singular)
kotъ̀vi (dual nominative)
kotъ̀vi (nominative plural)
kotъ̀ve (genitive singular)
kotъ̀vu (dual genitive)
kotъ̀vъ (genitive plural)
kotъ̀vi (dative singular)
kotъ̀vьma (dative dual)
kotъ̀vama (dative dual)
kotъ̀vьmъ (dative plural)
kotъ̀vamъ (dative plural)
kotъ̀vь (accusative singular)
kotъ̀vi (accusative dual)
kotъ̀vi (accusative plural)
kotъ̀vьjǫ (instrumental singular)
kotъ̀vľǭ (instrumental singular)
kotъ̀vьma (dual instrumental)
kotъ̀vama (dual instrumental)
kotъ̀vьmī (instrumental plural)
kotъ̀vamī (instrumental plural)
kotъ̀ve (locative singular)
kotъ̀vu (dual locative)
kotъ̀vьxъ (locative plural)
kotъ̀vaxъ (locative plural)
kotỳ (singular vocative)
kotъ̀vi (dual vocative)
kotъ̀vi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: котва (kotva) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: кі́тва (kítva)

⇒ Ukrainian: кі́тви́ця (kítvýcja)

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic котва (kotva)

Bulgarian: ко́тва (kótva)

Macedonian: котва (kotva)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ко̏тва

Latin script: kȍtva

Slovene: kȏtva (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: kotva; kotev (dialectal)

Polabian: ťötåi (“cat”)

Old Polish: kotew
Polish: kotew

Slovak: kotva

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: kótwa

⇒ Lower Sorbian: kótwica

Upper Sorbian: kótwa

⇒ Upper Sorbian: kótwica

From *kotъ (“cat”) + *-y.
Compare Serbo-Croatian mȁčka (“cat; anchor”), Hungarian vasmacska (literally “iron cat”), Old Church Slavonic котъка (kotŭka, “anchor”), Russian кошка (koška, “anchor with 3-5 flukes”), Romanian cătușă (“anchor”), German Kattanker / Katzanker (“small anchor”), Middle Low German katt (“small anchor”) and Ancient Greek κότυς (kótus), Κότυς (Kótus).


-sna

-sna (nominative singular)
-sně (dual nominative)
-sny (nominative plural)
-sny (genitive singular)
-snu (dual genitive)
-snъ (genitive plural)
-sně (dative singular)
-snama (dative dual)
-snamъ (dative plural)
-snǫ (accusative singular)
-sně (accusative dual)
-sny (accusative plural)
-snojǫ (instrumental singular)
-snǫ (instrumental singular)
-snama (dual instrumental)
-snami (instrumental plural)
-sně (locative singular)
-snu (dual locative)
-snasъ (locative plural)
-snaxъ (locative plural)
-sno (singular vocative)
-sně (dual vocative)
-sny (plural vocative)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-snāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *-sneh₂.

dęsna

luna

plesna


-měrъ

-měrъ (nominative singular)
-měra (dual nominative)
-měri (nominative plural)
-měra (genitive singular)
-měru (dual genitive)
-měrъ (genitive plural)
-měru (dative singular)
-měroma (dative dual)
-měromъ (dative plural)
-měrъ (accusative singular)
-měra (accusative dual)
-měry (accusative plural)
-měrъmь (instrumental singular)
-měromь (instrumental singular)
-měroma (dual instrumental)
-měry (instrumental plural)
-měrě (locative singular)
-měru (dual locative)
-měrěxъ (locative plural)
-měre (singular vocative)
-měra (dual vocative)
-měri (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *meh₁ros (“great”).
Cognate with
Ancient Greek -μωρος (-mōros),
Proto-Celtic *māros (“great”) (> Old Irish mór),
Proto-Germanic *mēri- (“famous”) (> Old High German māri)


droždža

droždža (nominative singular)
droždži (dual nominative)
droždžę̇ (nominative plural)
droždžę̇ (genitive singular)
droždžu (dual genitive)
droždžь (genitive plural)
droždži (dative singular)
droždžama (dative dual)
droždžamъ (dative plural)
droždžǫ (accusative singular)
droždži (accusative dual)
droždžę̇ (accusative plural)
droždžejǫ (instrumental singular)
droždžǫ (instrumental singular)
droždžama (dual instrumental)
droždžami (instrumental plural)
droždži (locative singular)
droždžu (dual locative)
droždžasъ (locative plural)
droždžaxъ (locative plural)
droždže (singular vocative)
droždži (dual vocative)
droždžę̇ (plural vocative)

desc

Old East Slavic: дрожди pl (droždi), дрождиꙗ pl (droždija), Дрожжа (Drožža), Дрозжа (Drozža)

Belarusian: дражджа́ (draždžá), дро́жджы (dróždžy)

Russian: дро́жжи pl (dróžži)

Ukrainian: дрі́жджі pl (dríždži), дрі́жчі pl (drížči)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: дрождиѩ f pl

Bulgarian: дро́жди pl (dróždi)

Macedonian:

Serbo-Croatian: дро̀жда, drožđe n

Slovene: dróžja, drožje f pl, drožȋ f pl, drožȇ f pl

West Slavic:

Old Czech: droždie

Czech: droždí n

Old Polish: drożdża

Polish: drożdże pl

Slovak: droždie n

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: droždźe pl, drož m

Lower Sorbian: droždźeje f pl

From *drogъ + *-zgъ + *-ja, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dragjāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrágʰ-yeh₂, from *dʰrā́ks.


glěnь

glěnь (nominative singular)
glěni (dual nominative)
glěni (nominative plural)
glěni (genitive singular)
glěnьju (dual genitive)
glěnьjь (genitive plural)
glěni (dative singular)
glěnьma (dative dual)
glěnьmъ (dative plural)
glěnь (accusative singular)
glěni (accusative dual)
glěni (accusative plural)
glěnьjǫ (instrumental singular)
glěnьma (dual instrumental)
glěnьmi (instrumental plural)
glěni (locative singular)
glěnьju (dual locative)
glěnьxъ (locative plural)
glěni (singular vocative)
glěni (dual vocative)
glěni (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: глѣнъ m (glěnŭ)

Russian: глень f (glenʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Russian Church Slavonic: глѣнъ m (glěnŭ)

Bulgarian: глен f (glen) (dialectal)

Slovene: glę̂n m

West Slavic:

Czech: hlen m

Old Polish: glan m

Polish: glon m

Slovak: hlien m

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: hlen m

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gláiˀnis, from Proto-Indo-European *gloh₁i-ni-s, from *gleh₁y-.


glьjь

glьjь (nominative singular)
glьja (dual nominative)
glьji (nominative plural)
glьja (genitive singular)
glьju (dual genitive)
glьjь (genitive plural)
glьju (dative singular)
glьjema (dative dual)
glьjemъ (dative plural)
glьjь (accusative singular)
glьja (accusative dual)
glьję̇ (accusative plural)
glьjьmь (instrumental singular)
glьjemь (instrumental singular)
glьjema (dual instrumental)
glьji (instrumental plural)
glьji (locative singular)
glьju (dual locative)
glьjixъ (locative plural)
glьju (singular vocative)
glьja (dual vocative)
glьji (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *глеи (*glei)

Old Ruthenian: глей m (hlej, “sticky clay”)

Belarusian: глей m (hljej, “silt”) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: глей m (hlej, “sticky clay, silt; mud; swamp”); ґлей (glej, “glue; resin”), глей m (hlej, “white clay”) (dialectal)

→ English: gley

Russian: глей m (glej, “clay, gleysol”), гле́я f (gléja, “clay; mud”) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: гле̑ј m (“gley”)

Latin script: glȇj m (“gley”)

West Slavic:

Czech: gľej m, glej m (“glue; resin”) (dialectal)

Polish: glej m (“gleysol”)

Slovak: glej m (“wood glue”); glia, glie (“glue”) (dialectal)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *gl̥h₁y-ó-s, from Proto-Indo-European *gleh₁y-.


kosmъ

kosmъ (nominative singular)
kosma (dual nominative)
kosmi (nominative plural)
kosma (genitive singular)
kosmu (dual genitive)
kosmъ (genitive plural)
kosmu (dative singular)
kosmoma (dative dual)
kosmomъ (dative plural)
kosmъ (accusative singular)
kosma (accusative dual)
kosmy (accusative plural)
kosmъmь (instrumental singular)
kosmomь (instrumental singular)
kosmoma (dual instrumental)
kosmy (instrumental plural)
kosmě (locative singular)
kosmu (dual locative)
kosměxъ (locative plural)
kosme (singular vocative)
kosma (dual vocative)
kosmi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: космъ (kosmŭ)

Old Ruthenian: космок (kosmok)

Belarusian: ко́смы pl (kósmy) (dialectal)

⇒ Belarusian: касмы́лъ

Ukrainian: косом (kosom), космо́к (kosmók)

Russian: ко́смы pl (kósmy)

South Slavic:

Church Slavonic: космъ (kosmŭ) (Russian recension)

Bulgarian: ко́съм (kósǎm); косме́ (kosmé) (dialectal)

Macedonian: косма (kosma)

Slovene: kósem

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kosmy pl

Czech: kosm (dated)

Old Polish: kosm

Polish: kosm (obsolete)

⇒ Polish: kosmyk

Slovak: kosmi

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: kósm

Upper Sorbian: kosm


bažiti

baženьje (noun-from-verb)
bažiti (infinitive)
bažitъ (supine)
bažilъ (l-participle)
baženъ (participle passive past)
bažimъ (participle passive present)
bažь (active participle past)
bažę (active participle present)
bažixъ (aorist first-person singular)
baži (aorist second-person singular)
baži (aorist singular third-person)
bažǫ (first-person present singular)
bažiši (present second-person singular)
bažitь (present singular third-person)
bažixově (aorist dual first-person)
bažista (aorist dual second-person)
bažiste (aorist dual third-person)
baživě (dual first-person present)
bažita (dual present second-person)
bažite (dual present third-person)
bažixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
bažiste (aorist plural second-person)
bažišę (aorist plural third-person)
bažimъ (first-person plural present)
bažite (plural present second-person)
bažętь (plural present third-person)
bažaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
bažaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
bažaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
baži (imperative second-person singular)
baži (imperative singular third-person)
bažaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
bažaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
bažaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
baživě (dual first-person imperative)
bažita (dual imperative second-person)
bažaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
bažaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
bažaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
bažimъ (first-person imperative plural)
bažite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Russian: ба́жи́ть (bážítʹ)

Russian: ба́жи́ть (bážítʹ)

Old Ukrainian: бажити (bažiti)

Ukrainian: бажи́ти (bažýty)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: bažiti

Czech: bažit

Old Polish: zábáżyć się (+*za)

Slovak: bažiť

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-. For the meaning compare Polish prażyć, pragnienie.


vьrťi

vьršenьje (noun-from-verb)
vьrťi (infinitive)
vьrťь (supine)
vьrxlъ (l-participle)
vьršenъ (participle passive past)
vьrxomъ (participle passive present)
vьrxъ (active participle past)
vьrxy (active participle present)
vьrxъ (aorist first-person singular)
vьrxoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
vьrše (aorist second-person singular)
vьrše (aorist singular third-person)
vьrxǫ (first-person present singular)
vьršeši (present second-person singular)
vьršetь (present singular third-person)
vьrxově (aorist dual first-person)
vьrxoxově (aorist dual first-person)
vьrxeta (aorist dual second-person)
vьrxosta (aorist dual second-person)
vьrxete (aorist dual third-person)
vьrxoste (aorist dual third-person)
vьrševě (dual first-person present)
vьršeta (dual present second-person)
vьršete (dual present third-person)
vьrxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
vьrxoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
vьrxete (aorist plural second-person)
vьrxoste (aorist plural second-person)
vьrxǫ (aorist plural third-person)
vьrxošę (aorist plural third-person)
vьršemъ (first-person plural present)
vьršete (plural present second-person)
vьrxǫtь (plural present third-person)
vьršaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
vьršaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
vьršaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
vьrśi (imperative second-person singular)
vьrśi (imperative singular third-person)
vьršaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
vьršaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
vьršaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
vьrśěvě (dual first-person imperative)
vьrśěta (dual imperative second-person)
vьršaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
vьršaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
vьršaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
vьrśěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
vьrśěte (imperative plural second-person)

Church Slavonic: врѣшти (vrěšti) (Russian)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: връха́ (vrǎhá)

Macedonian: врши (vrši)

⇒ Serbo-Croatian: овр́ћи

From Proto-Indo-European *wers-. Baltic cognates include Latvian vârsms; Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek ἔρρω (érrhō), Latin verrō, and Old High German wërran.


kolovozъ

kolovozъ (nominative singular)
kolovoza (dual nominative)
kolovozi (nominative plural)
kolovoza (genitive singular)
kolovozu (dual genitive)
kolovozъ (genitive plural)
kolovozu (dative singular)
kolovozoma (dative dual)
kolovozomъ (dative plural)
kolovozъ (accusative singular)
kolovoza (accusative dual)
kolovozy (accusative plural)
kolovozъmь (instrumental singular)
kolovozomь (instrumental singular)
kolovozoma (dual instrumental)
kolovozy (instrumental plural)
kolovozě (locative singular)
kolovozu (dual locative)
kolovozěxъ (locative plural)
kolovoze (singular vocative)
kolovoza (dual vocative)
kolovozi (plural vocative)

Church Slavonic: коловозьць (kolovozĭcĭ) (Russian)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: колово́з (kolovóz), калаво́с (kalavós), кулуо́с (kuluós)

Macedonian: коловоз (kolovoz)

Serbo-Croatian: ко̏лово̄з, kȍlovōz

Slovene: kolovòz

West Slavic:

Polish: kołowóz

Slovincian: kôlôvóz


ǫtroba

ǭtròba (canonical feminine)
a (accent-paradigm)
ǭtròba (nominative singular)
ǭtròbě (dual nominative)
ǭtròby (nominative plural)
ǭtròby (genitive singular)
ǭtròbu (dual genitive)
ǭtròbъ (genitive plural)
ǭtròbě (dative singular)
ǭtròbama (dative dual)
ǭtròbamъ (dative plural)
ǭtròbǫ (accusative singular)
ǭtròbě (accusative dual)
ǭtròby (accusative plural)
ǭtròbojǫ (instrumental singular)
ǭtròbǭ (instrumental singular)
ǭtròbama (dual instrumental)
ǭtròbamī (instrumental plural)
ǭtròbě (locative singular)
ǭtròbu (dual locative)
ǭtròbasъ (locative plural)
ǭtròbaxъ (locative plural)
ǭtròbo (singular vocative)
ǭtròbě (dual vocative)
ǭtròby (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: утроба (utroba)

Russian: утро́ба (utróba)

Ukrainian: утро́ба (utróba)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: ѫтроба (ǫtroba)

Bulgarian: утро́ба (utróba)

Macedonian: утроба (utroba)

Serbo-Croatian: у̏троба, ȕtroba

Slovene: vótroba, vǫ́troba

West Slavic:

Old Czech: útroba

Czech: útroba

Kashubian: wątroba

Old Polish: wątroba

Polish: wątroba

→ Belarusian: вантро́ба (vantróba)

Silesian: wōntroba

Slovak: útroba

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: wutroba (“heart”)

Lower Sorbian: wutšoba, hutšoba


vъnǫtrьnъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *vъnǫtrьnъ (hard)

Definite declension of *vъnǫtrьnъ (hard)

vъnǫtrьnъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
vъnǫtrьna (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
vъnǫtrьno (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
vъnǫtrьna (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
vъnǫtrьny (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
vъnǫtrьna (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
vъnǫtrьnu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
vъnǫtrьně (dative feminine indefinite singular)
vъnǫtrьnu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
vъnǫtrьnъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
vъnǫtrьnǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
vъnǫtrьno (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
vъnǫtrьnomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
vъnǫtrьnojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
vъnǫtrьnomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
vъnǫtrьně (indefinite locative masculine singular)
vъnǫtrьně (feminine indefinite locative singular)
vъnǫtrьně (indefinite locative neuter singular)
vъnǫtrьne (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
vъnǫtrьno (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
vъnǫtrьno (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
vъnǫtrьna (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
vъnǫtrьně (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
vъnǫtrьně (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
vъnǫtrьnu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
vъnǫtrьnu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
vъnǫtrьnu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
vъnǫtrьnoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
vъnǫtrьnama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
vъnǫtrьnoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
vъnǫtrьna (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
vъnǫtrьně (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
vъnǫtrьně (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
vъnǫtrьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
vъnǫtrьnama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
vъnǫtrьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
vъnǫtrьnu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
vъnǫtrьnu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
vъnǫtrьnu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
vъnǫtrьna (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
vъnǫtrьně (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
vъnǫtrьně (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
vъnǫtrьni (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
vъnǫtrьny (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
vъnǫtrьna (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
vъnǫtrьnъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
vъnǫtrьnъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
vъnǫtrьnъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
vъnǫtrьnomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
vъnǫtrьnamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
vъnǫtrьnomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
vъnǫtrьny (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
vъnǫtrьny (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
vъnǫtrьna (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
vъnǫtrьny (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
vъnǫtrьnami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
vъnǫtrьny (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
vъnǫtrьněxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
vъnǫtrьnaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
vъnǫtrьněxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
vъnǫtrьni (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
vъnǫtrьny (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
vъnǫtrьna (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
vъnǫtrьnъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
vъnǫtrьnaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
vъnǫtrьnoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
vъnǫtrьnajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
vъnǫtrьnyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
vъnǫtrьnajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
vъnǫtrьnujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
vъnǫtrьněji (dative definite feminine singular)
vъnǫtrьnujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
vъnǫtrьnъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
vъnǫtrьnǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
vъnǫtrьnoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
vъnǫtrьnyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
vъnǫtrьnǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
vъnǫtrьnyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
vъnǫtrьnějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
vъnǫtrьněji (definite feminine locative singular)
vъnǫtrьnějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
vъnǫtrьnъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
vъnǫtrьnaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
vъnǫtrьnoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
vъnǫtrьnaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
vъnǫtrьněji (definite dual feminine nominative)
vъnǫtrьněji (definite dual neuter nominative)
vъnǫtrьnuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
vъnǫtrьnuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
vъnǫtrьnuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
vъnǫtrьnyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
vъnǫtrьnyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
vъnǫtrьnyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
vъnǫtrьnaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
vъnǫtrьněji (accusative definite dual feminine)
vъnǫtrьněji (accusative definite dual neuter)
vъnǫtrьnyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
vъnǫtrьnyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
vъnǫtrьnyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
vъnǫtrьnuju (definite dual locative masculine)
vъnǫtrьnuju (definite dual feminine locative)
vъnǫtrьnuju (definite dual locative neuter)
vъnǫtrьnaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
vъnǫtrьněji (definite dual feminine vocative)
vъnǫtrьněji (definite dual neuter vocative)
vъnǫtrьniji (definite masculine nominative plural)
vъnǫtrьnyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
vъnǫtrьnaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
vъnǫtrьnъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
vъnǫtrьnъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
vъnǫtrьnъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
vъnǫtrьnyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
vъnǫtrьnyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
vъnǫtrьnyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
vъnǫtrьnyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
vъnǫtrьnyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
vъnǫtrьnaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
vъnǫtrьnyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
vъnǫtrьnyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
vъnǫtrьnyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
vъnǫtrьnyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
vъnǫtrьnyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
vъnǫtrьnyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
vъnǫtrьniji (definite masculine plural vocative)
vъnǫtrьnyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
vъnǫtrьnaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: вънутрьнии (vŭnutrĭnii)

Belarusian: уну́траны (unútrany)

Russian: вну́тренний (vnútrennij)

Ukrainian: вну́трішній (vnútrišnij)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: въ́трешен (vǎ́trešen)

Macedonian: внатрешен (vnatrešen)

Serbo-Croatian: унутрашњи, унутарњи

Serbo-Croatian: унутрашњи, унутарњи

Slovene: notranji

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vňutřní

Czech: vnitřní

desctree

Old Polish: wnętrzny
Polish: wnętrzny
Silesian: wnōntrzny, wnyntrzny

Slovak: vnútorný


česnъkъ

česnъkъ (nominative singular)
česnъka (dual nominative)
česnъci (nominative plural)
česnъka (genitive singular)
česnъku (dual genitive)
česnъkъ (genitive plural)
česnъku (dative singular)
česnъkoma (dative dual)
česnъkomъ (dative plural)
česnъkъ (accusative singular)
česnъka (accusative dual)
česnъky (accusative plural)
česnъkъmь (instrumental singular)
česnъkomь (instrumental singular)
česnъkoma (dual instrumental)
česnъky (instrumental plural)
česnъcě (locative singular)
česnъku (dual locative)
česnъcěxъ (locative plural)
česnъče (singular vocative)
česnъka (dual vocative)
česnъci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: чеснъкъ (česnŭkŭ)

Belarusian: часно́к (časnók), часны́к (časnýk)
→ Lithuanian: česnakas

Russian: чесно́к (česnók)

Ukrainian: часни́к (časnýk)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: чесън (česǎn)

Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: česának, čèšnjāk

Cyrillic script: чесњак, чѐшња̄к

Slovene: češnják

West Slavic:

Old Czech: česnek

Czech: česnek

Kashubian: czosnik, czosniôk

Polish: czosnek

desc

Old Slovak: cesnak, cesnek, cesnok, česnak, česnek

Pannonian Rusyn: цеснок (cesnok)

Slovak: cesnak


aduxa

aduxa (nominative singular)
aduśě (dual nominative)
aduxy (nominative plural)
aduxy (genitive singular)
aduxu (dual genitive)
aduxъ (genitive plural)
aduśě (dative singular)
aduxama (dative dual)
aduxamъ (dative plural)
aduxǫ (accusative singular)
aduśě (accusative dual)
aduxy (accusative plural)
aduxojǫ (instrumental singular)
aduxǫ (instrumental singular)
aduxama (dual instrumental)
aduxami (instrumental plural)
aduśě (locative singular)
aduxu (dual locative)
aduxasъ (locative plural)
aduxaxъ (locative plural)
aduxo (singular vocative)
aduśě (dual vocative)
aduxy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Ukrainian: я́духа (jáduxa), йаду́ха (jadúxa)

West Slavic:

Polish: jaducha

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: jaduš

From *a- + *duxati (“to breathe”) or *duxъ (“breath”).


poltьno

poltьnò (canonical neuter)
poltьno (nominative singular)
poltьně (dual nominative)
poltьna (nominative plural)
poltьna (genitive singular)
poltьnu (dual genitive)
poltьnъ (genitive plural)
poltьnu (dative singular)
poltьnoma (dative dual)
poltьnomъ (dative plural)
poltьno (accusative singular)
poltьně (accusative dual)
poltьna (accusative plural)
poltьnъmь (instrumental singular)
poltьnomь (instrumental singular)
poltьnoma (dual instrumental)
poltьny (instrumental plural)
poltьně (locative singular)
poltьnu (dual locative)
poltьněxъ (locative plural)
poltьno (singular vocative)
poltьně (dual vocative)
poltьna (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: полотьно (polotĭno)

Belarusian: палатно́ (palatnó)

Russian: полотно́ (polotnó)

Ukrainian: полотно́ (polotnó)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: платьно (platĭno)

Glagolitic: ⱂⰾⰰⱅⱐⱀⱁ (platĭno)

Bulgarian: платно́ (platnó)

Macedonian: платно (platno)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пла́тно

Latin script: plátno

Slovene: plátnọ (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: plátno

Czech: plátno

Bohemian (Chod dialect): plátno

Polish: płótno

Slovak: plátno

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: płótno

Lower Sorbian: płotno

Non-Slavic:

→ Gothic: 𐍀𐌻𐌰𐍄 (plat) (possibly)

From Proto-Indo-European *polto- (“cloth”), a descendant of Proto-Indo-European *pel-.


lъbъ

b (accent-paradigm)
lъ̀bъ (nominative singular)
lъbà (dual nominative)
lъbì (nominative plural)
lъbà (genitive singular)
lъbù (dual genitive)
lъ̀bъ (genitive plural)
lъbù (dative singular)
lъbòma (dative dual)
lъbòmъ (dative plural)
lъ̀bъ (accusative singular)
lъbà (accusative dual)
lъbỳ (accusative plural)
lъbъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
lъbòmь (instrumental singular)
lъbòma (dual instrumental)
lъ̀by (instrumental plural)
lъbě̀ (locative singular)
lъbù (dual locative)
lъ̀běxъ (locative plural)
lъbe (singular vocative)
lъbà (dual vocative)
lъbì (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: лъбъ (lŭbŭ), лобъ (lobŭ)

Old Ruthenian: лобъ (lob)

Belarusian: лоб (lob); лоп (lop), луо́б (luób), ло̂б (lôb) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: лоб (lob), ліб (lib)

Russian: лоб (lob)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: лъбъ (lŭbŭ), лобъ (lobŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰾⱏⰱⱏ (lŭbŭ), ⰾⱁⰱⱏ (lobŭ)

Bulgarian: лъбъ (lǎb), лъб (lǎb)

Slovene: lèb, lǝ̏b (obsolete)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: leb

Czech: leb (archaic)

Old Polish: łeb

Polish: łeb; u̯ep (dialectal)

→ Old Ruthenian: лебъ (leb)

Belarusian: лэб (leb), лэп (lep) (dialectal)

Slovak: leb (archaic)

Seemingly from a Proto-Balto-Slavic *lubas, and cognate with Lithuanian lubà (“plank, board”), Latvian luba (“bast, plank, shelf”). Compare *lubъ (“bast”), probably from the same source.


bokъ

bokъ (nominative singular)
boka (dual nominative)
boci (nominative plural)
boka (genitive singular)
boku (dual genitive)
bokъ (genitive plural)
boku (dative singular)
bokoma (dative dual)
bokomъ (dative plural)
bokъ (accusative singular)
boka (accusative dual)
boky (accusative plural)
bokъmь (instrumental singular)
bokomь (instrumental singular)
bokoma (dual instrumental)
boky (instrumental plural)
bocě (locative singular)
boku (dual locative)
bocěxъ (locative plural)
boče (singular vocative)
boka (dual vocative)
boci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old Ruthenian: бокъ (bok)

Belarusian: бок (bok)

Ukrainian: бік (bik)

Russian: бок (bok)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: бок (bok) (dialectal)

Macedonian: бок (bok)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бо̑к

Latin script: bȏk

Slovene: bòk

West Slavic:

Old Czech: bok

Czech: bok

desctree

Old Polish: bok
Polish: bok
Silesian: bok

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: bòk

Slovincian: bôk

Slovak: bok

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: bok

Upper Sorbian: bok

Originally meaning “protrusion” or “wedge”. Probably cognate with Latvian bakstît (“to poke”). Outside of Balto-Slavic, has been compared with Latin baculum, Ancient Greek βάκτρον (báktron), Proto-Celtic *bakkos (“hook”), Proto-Germanic *pagjō (“peg”), presumably from Proto-Indo-European *bak-.
Kroonen considers a Germanic borrowing from Proto-West Germanic *bakō (“back”). Vasmer dismisses this possibility for phonetic and semantic reasons.


kridlo

krīdlò (canonical neuter)
b (accent-paradigm)
krīdlò (nominative singular)
krĩdlě (dual nominative)
krīdlà (nominative plural)
krīdlà (genitive singular)
krīdlù (dual genitive)
krĩdlъ (genitive plural)
krīdlù (dative singular)
krīdlòma (dative dual)
krīdlòmъ (dative plural)
krīdlò (accusative singular)
krĩdlě (accusative dual)
krīdlà (accusative plural)
krīdlъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
krīdlòmь (instrumental singular)
krīdlòma (dual instrumental)
krĩdly (instrumental plural)
krīdlě̀ (locative singular)
krīdlù (dual locative)
krĩdlěxъ (locative plural)
krīdlò (singular vocative)
krĩdlě (dual vocative)
krīdlà (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: крило (krilo)

Belarusian: крыло́ (kryló)

Russian: крыло́ (kryló)

Carpathian Rusyn: кры́ло (krŷ́lo)

Ukrainian: крило́ (kryló)

Old Novgorodian: кригло́ (krigló)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: крило (krilo)

Glagolitic script: ⰽⱃⰻⰾⱁ (krilo)

Bulgarian: крило́ (kriló)

Macedonian: крило (krilo)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кри́ло

Latin script: krílo

Slovene: krílo (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: křídlo

Czech: křídlo

Bohemian (Chod dialect): křidlo

Moravian (Mistřice): křídu̯o

Kashubian: skrzidło, (archaic) krzidło

Polabian: kraidlĕ

Old Polish: krzydło
Polish: skrzydło
Silesian: krzidło

Slovak: krídlo

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: křidło

Lower Sorbian: kśidło

*kriti (“to curve, to bend”) + *-dlo (suffix for tools and implements).


xorǫgy

a (accent-paradigm)
xorǫgy (nominative singular)
xorǫgъvi (dual nominative)
xorǫgъvi (nominative plural)
xorǫgъve (genitive singular)
xorǫgъvu (dual genitive)
xorǫgъvъ (genitive plural)
xorǫgъvi (dative singular)
xorǫgъvьma (dative dual)
xorǫgъvama (dative dual)
xorǫgъvьmъ (dative plural)
xorǫgъvamъ (dative plural)
xorǫgъvь (accusative singular)
xorǫgъvi (accusative dual)
xorǫgъvi (accusative plural)
xorǫgъvьjǫ (instrumental singular)
xorǫgъvľǭ (instrumental singular)
xorǫgъvьma (dual instrumental)
xorǫgъvama (dual instrumental)
xorǫgъvьmī (instrumental plural)
xorǫgъvamī (instrumental plural)
xorǫgъve (locative singular)
xorǫgъvu (dual locative)
xorǫgъvьxъ (locative plural)
xorǫgъvaxъ (locative plural)
xorǫgy (singular vocative)
xorǫgъvi (dual vocative)
xorǫgъvi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: хоругꙑ (xorugy)

Belarusian: хару́гва (xarúhva)

Russian: хору́гвь (xorúgvʹ)

→ Latvian: karogs

desc

Ukrainian: хоругва́ (xoruhvá), хоруго́в (xoruhóv), корогва́ (korohvá), корого́в (korohóv), кору́гва (korúhva)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: хорѫгꙑ (xorǫgy)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: хору̀гва (horùgva)

Macedonian: хоругва (horugva)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: хо̀ругва, ко̀ругва

Latin: hòrugva, kòrugva

Slovene: karȯ́gla

West Slavic:

Czech: korouhev

Kashubian: chorągiew, chorągwia

Polish: chorągiew

Slovak: koruhva

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: chórgoj

Upper Sorbian: chorhoj

Сompare with Mongolian өрүнгө (örüngö), өрүнга (örünga, “sign, banner, flag”) and Kalmyk өрңга (örñga).


ǫže

ǫ̀že (canonical neuter)
ǫže (nominative singular)
ǫži (dual nominative)
ǫža (nominative plural)
ǫža (genitive singular)
ǫžu (dual genitive)
ǫžь (genitive plural)
ǫžu (dative singular)
ǫžema (dative dual)
ǫžemъ (dative plural)
ǫže (accusative singular)
ǫži (accusative dual)
ǫža (accusative plural)
ǫžьmь (instrumental singular)
ǫžemь (instrumental singular)
ǫžema (dual instrumental)
ǫži (instrumental plural)
ǫži (locative singular)
ǫžu (dual locative)
ǫžixъ (locative plural)
ǫže (singular vocative)
ǫži (dual vocative)
ǫža (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic:

Belarusian: ўжо (ŭžo)

Russian: у́же (úže)

Carpathian Rusyn: у́же (úže)

Ukrainian: у́же (úže)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: ѫже (ǫže)

Glagolitic script: ⰨⰆⰅ (ǪŽE)

Bulgarian: въже (vǎže), dial. юже (juže), въ́нджи (vǎ́ndži) (dialectal)

Macedonian: јаже (jaže)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: у̏же

Latin script: ȕže

Slovene: vо̣̑žе (archaic)

⇒ Slovene: súženj (“slave”)

West Slavic:

Czech:

Polabian: vǫzе

Slovak:

Formed as *ǫzъ (“bond, junction”) + *-je. In several daughter languages, the descendants demonstrate prosthetic *v- or *j-.
Modern South Slavic descendants descendants decline as *-ę, but this is likely due to later reanalysis (compare the South Slavic descendants of Proto-Slavic *moře).