dětę

dě̄tę̀ (canonical)
dě̑tę (canonical neuter)
b (accent-paradigm)
dě̄tę̀ (nominative singular)
dě̄tę̀ti (dual nominative)
dě̄tę̀tā (nominative plural)
dě̄tę̀te (genitive singular)
dě̄tę̀tu (dual genitive)
dě̄tę̀tъ (genitive plural)
dě̄tę̀ti (dative singular)
dě̄tę̀tьma (dative dual)
dě̄tę̀tьmъ (dative plural)
dě̄tę̀ (accusative singular)
dě̄tę̀ti (accusative dual)
dě̄tę̀tā (accusative plural)
dě̄tę̀tьmь (instrumental singular)
dě̄tę̀tьma (dual instrumental)
dě̄tę̀tȳ (instrumental plural)
dě̄tę̀te (locative singular)
dě̄tę̀tu (dual locative)
dě̄tę̀tьxъ (locative plural)
dě̄tę̀ (singular vocative)
dě̄tę̀ti (dual vocative)
dě̄tę̀tā (plural vocative)
c (accent-paradigm)
dě̑tę (nominative singular)
dě̑tęti (dual nominative)
dětętà (nominative plural)
dě̑tęte (genitive singular)
dětętù (dual genitive)
dětę̃tъ (genitive plural)
dě̑tęti (dative singular)
dětętьmà (dative dual)
dětę̃tьmъ (dative plural)
dě̑tę (accusative singular)
dě̑tęti (accusative dual)
dětętà (accusative plural)
dě̑tętьmь (instrumental singular)
dětętьmà (dual instrumental)
dětętý (instrumental plural)
dě̑tęte (locative singular)
dětętù (dual locative)
dětę̃tьxъ (locative plural)
dě̑tę (singular vocative)
dě̑tęti (dual vocative)
dětętà (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: дѣтѧ́
Old Ruthenian: дѣтѧ́ (dětjá), дитѧ́ (ditjá)
Belarusian: дзіця́ (dzicjá)
Carpathian Rusyn: дї́тя (djítja)
Ukrainian: дитя́ (dytjá)
Russian: дитя́ (ditjá)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: дѣтѧ

Glagolitic script: ⰴⱑⱅⱔ (dětę)

Bulgarian: дете́ (deté), дя́те (djáte) (dialectal)

Macedonian: де́те (déte)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: де́те, дије́те

Latin script: déte, dijéte

Slovene: déte

West Slavic:

Old Czech: dietě

Czech: dítě

Kashubian: dzecã

Polabian: detă

Old Polish: dziecię

Polish: dziecię

⇒ Silesian: dziycio

Slovak: dieťa

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: źiśe

Upper Sorbian: dźěćo


prijьti

prišьstьje (noun-from-verb)
prijьti (infinitive)
prijьtъ (supine)
prišьdlъ (l-participle)
prišьdъ (active participle past)
prijьdъ (aorist first-person singular)
prijьdoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
prijьde (aorist second-person singular)
prijьde (aorist singular third-person)
prijьdǫ (first-person present singular)
prijьdeši (present second-person singular)
prijьdetь (present singular third-person)
prijьdově (aorist dual first-person)
prijьdoxově (aorist dual first-person)
prijьdeta (aorist dual second-person)
prijьdosta (aorist dual second-person)
prijьdete (aorist dual third-person)
prijьdoste (aorist dual third-person)
prijьdevě (dual first-person present)
prijьdeta (dual present second-person)
prijьdete (dual present third-person)
prijьdomъ (aorist first-person plural)
prijьdoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
prijьdete (aorist plural second-person)
prijьdoste (aorist plural second-person)
prijьdǫ (aorist plural third-person)
prijьdošę (aorist plural third-person)
prijьdemъ (first-person plural present)
prijьdete (plural present second-person)
prijьdǫtь (plural present third-person)
prijьdi (imperative second-person singular)
prijьdi (imperative singular third-person)
prijьděvě (dual first-person imperative)
prijьděta (dual imperative second-person)
prijьděmъ (first-person imperative plural)
prijьděte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: прыйсці́ (pryjscí)

Russian: прийти́ (prijtí)

Ukrainian: прийти́ (pryjtý)

South Slavic:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: при̑ћи

Latin script: prȋći

Slovene: príti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Kashubian: przińc

Old Czech: přijíti

Czech: přijít

Old Polish: przyjć
Polish: przyjść
Silesian: przijś

Slovak: prísť


stiťi

sti̋ťi (canonical perfective)
stigati (imperfective)
stiženьje (noun-from-verb)
stiťi (infinitive)
stiťь (supine)
stiglъ (l-participle)
stiženъ (participle passive past)
stigъ (active participle past)
stigъ (aorist first-person singular)
stigoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
stiže (aorist second-person singular)
stiže (aorist singular third-person)
stigǫ (first-person present singular)
stižeši (present second-person singular)
stižetь (present singular third-person)
stigově (aorist dual first-person)
stigoxově (aorist dual first-person)
stigeta (aorist dual second-person)
stigosta (aorist dual second-person)
stigete (aorist dual third-person)
stigoste (aorist dual third-person)
stiževě (dual first-person present)
stižeta (dual present second-person)
stižete (dual present third-person)
stigomъ (aorist first-person plural)
stigoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
stigete (aorist plural second-person)
stigoste (aorist plural second-person)
stigǫ (aorist plural third-person)
stigošę (aorist plural third-person)
stižemъ (first-person plural present)
stižete (plural present second-person)
stigǫtь (plural present third-person)
stidzi (imperative second-person singular)
stidzi (imperative singular third-person)
stidzěvě (dual first-person imperative)
stidzěta (dual imperative second-person)
stidzěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
stidzěte (imperative plural second-person)
stiženьje (noun-from-verb)
stiťi (infinitive)
stiťь (supine)
stignǫlъ (l-participle)
stignovenъ (participle passive past)
stignǫvъ (active participle past)
stignǫxъ (aorist first-person singular)
stignǫ (aorist second-person singular)
stignǫ (aorist singular third-person)
stignǫ (first-person present singular)
stigneši (present second-person singular)
stignetь (present singular third-person)
stignǫxově (aorist dual first-person)
stignǫsta (aorist dual second-person)
stignǫste (aorist dual third-person)
stignevě (dual first-person present)
stigneta (dual present second-person)
stignete (dual present third-person)
stignǫxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
stignǫste (aorist plural second-person)
stignǫšę (aorist plural third-person)
stignemъ (first-person plural present)
stignete (plural present second-person)
stignǫtь (plural present third-person)
stigni (imperative second-person singular)
stigni (imperative singular third-person)
stigněvě (dual first-person imperative)
stigněta (dual imperative second-person)
stigněmъ (first-person imperative plural)
stigněte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: *стичи (*stiči) (1399)

⇒ Old East Slavic: *достичи (*dostiči)

Russian: -сти́чь (-stíčʹ)

desc

Ukrainian: -сти́гти (-stýhty), сти́жити (stýžyty)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: сти́же (stíže, “suffices, comes up”) (dialectal, fossilized 3p. sg.)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сти̏ћи

Latin script: stȉći

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *stéigtei, from Proto-Indo-European *stéygʰeti, from the root *steygʰ-. Cognate with Lithuanian steĩgti (“to organize, to found, to produce, (dialectal) to want, to hurry”), steĩgtis (“to hurry up, to try”), Latvian stèigt (“to hurry”), stèigtiês (“to hurry”). Further akin to Sanskrit स्तिघ्नोति (stighnoti, “to rise”), Ancient Greek στείχω (steíkhō, “to walk, to march”), Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌽 (steigan, “to climb”), Old Irish tíagu (“I go, I walk”), Albanian shteg (“road”).


piskati

pīskàti (canonical)
b (accent-paradigm)
piskanьje (noun-from-verb)
piskati (infinitive)
piskatъ (supine)
piskalъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
piskanъ (participle passive past)
piščimъ (participle passive present)
piskavъ (active participle past)
piščę (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
piskaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
piska (aorist second-person singular)
piska (aorist singular third-person)
piščǫ (first-person present singular)
piščiši (present second-person singular)
piščitь (present singular third-person)
piskaxově (aorist dual first-person)
piskasta (aorist dual second-person)
piskaste (aorist dual third-person)
piščivě (dual first-person present)
piščita (dual present second-person)
piščite (dual present third-person)
piskaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
piskaste (aorist plural second-person)
piskašę (aorist plural third-person)
piščimъ (first-person plural present)
piščite (plural present second-person)
piščętь (plural present third-person)
piskaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
piskaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
piskaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
pišči (imperative second-person singular)
pišči (imperative singular third-person)
piskaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
piskaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
piskaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
piščivě (dual first-person imperative)
piščita (dual imperative second-person)
piskaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
piskaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
piskaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
piščimъ (first-person imperative plural)
piščite (imperative plural second-person)
b (accent-paradigm)
piskanьje (noun-from-verb)
piskati (infinitive)
piskatъ (supine)
piskalъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
piskanъ (participle passive past)
piskajemъ (participle passive present)
piskavъ (active participle past)
piskaję (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
piskaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
piska (aorist second-person singular)
piska (aorist singular third-person)
piskajǫ (first-person present singular)
piskaješi (present second-person singular)
piskajetь (present singular third-person)
piskaxově (aorist dual first-person)
piskasta (aorist dual second-person)
piskaste (aorist dual third-person)
piskajevě (dual first-person present)
piskajeta (dual present second-person)
piskajete (dual present third-person)
piskaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
piskaste (aorist plural second-person)
piskašę (aorist plural third-person)
piskajemъ (first-person plural present)
piskajete (plural present second-person)
piskajǫtь (plural present third-person)
piskaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
piskaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
piskaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
piskaji (imperative second-person singular)
piskaji (imperative singular third-person)
piskaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
piskaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
piskaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
piskajivě (dual first-person imperative)
piskajita (dual imperative second-person)
piskaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
piskaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
piskaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
piskajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
piskajite (imperative plural second-person)

Church Slavonic: пискати (piskati), 1sg. пищѫ (pištǫ)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: пискати (piskati, “to play the svirel”), 1sg. пищꙋ (pišču) (12th century)

Belarusian: пишча́ць (piščácʹ)

Russian: пища́ть (piščátʹ, “to squeak”), 1sg. пищу́ (piščú)

Ukrainian: пи́скати (pýskaty), пища́ти (pyščáty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: пискати (piskati, “to pipe”), 1sg. пискаѭ (piskajǫ)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: пищя́ (pištjá), пи́скам (pískam, “to whistle, to squeak, to howl, to cry”)

Macedonian: писка (piska, “to scream, to shriek”)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пи́штати

Latin script: píštati

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: pískati (“to whistle, to play the flute”) (tonal orthography), 1sg. pískam, píščem (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: pískat, píštět (“to whistle”)

desc

Polish: piskać (“to whistle, to squeak”); piszczeć (“to whistle, to squeak”), 1sg. piszczę

Slovak: pískať, pišťať

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: piskać, pišćeć

Lower Sorbian: piskaś, pišćaś

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *pīṣk-. Derksen suggests positing an onomatopoeic root, Proto-Indo-European *pī-, + *-sk-. Vasmer similarly reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *pi-. Cognate with Lithuanian pyškė́ti (“to click, to crack, to snap”) (1sg. pýšku), Latvian pĩkstêt (“to squeak”). Vasmer adds Sanskrit पिच्छोरा (picchorā), पिच्छोला (piccholā, “flute, fife”) < *pisk-, as well as (from the putative root *pi-) Latin pipāre, pipiāre, pīpilāre (“to whistle”), Ancient Greek πίπος (pípos, “chick”), πιππίζω (pippízō, “to whistle”), Sanskrit पिप्पका (píppakā, “(some type of bird)”), पिप्पीक (pippīka, “(some type of animal)”).
Trubachev posits an entirely different root, Proto-Indo-European *(s)peys- (“to blow”), and gives as cognates Middle High German vīsen, vīsten (“to let in wind”), Old Norse fīsa (“to break wind”), Latin spīrō (“to blow”) (infinitive spīrāre).

onomatopoeic

onomatopoeic


bobyrь

bobyrь (nominative singular)
bobyri (dual nominative)
bobyrьje (nominative plural)
bobyri (genitive singular)
bobyrьju (dual genitive)
bobyrьjь (genitive plural)
bobyri (dative singular)
bobyrьma (dative dual)
bobyrьmъ (dative plural)
bobyrь (accusative singular)
bobyri (accusative dual)
bobyri (accusative plural)
bobyrьmь (instrumental singular)
bobyrьma (dual instrumental)
bobyrьmi (instrumental plural)
bobyri (locative singular)
bobyrьju (dual locative)
bobyrьxъ (locative plural)
bobyri (singular vocative)
bobyri (dual vocative)
bobyrьje (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: бобꙑрь (bobyrĭ)

desc

Russian: бобы́рь (bobýrʹ), бубы́рь (bubýrʹ)

Old Ukrainian: бобы́рь (bobýrʹ)

Ukrainian: боби́р (bobýr), буби́р (bubýr)

→ Polish: bobyr


kosorь

kosorь (nominative singular)
kosori (dual nominative)
kosorьje (nominative plural)
kosori (genitive singular)
kosorьju (dual genitive)
kosorьjь (genitive plural)
kosori (dative singular)
kosorьma (dative dual)
kosorьmъ (dative plural)
kosorь (accusative singular)
kosori (accusative dual)
kosori (accusative plural)
kosorьmь (instrumental singular)
kosorьma (dual instrumental)
kosorьmi (instrumental plural)
kosori (locative singular)
kosorьju (dual locative)
kosorьxъ (locative plural)
kosori (singular vocative)
kosori (dual vocative)
kosorьje (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: косор (kosor)

Ukrainian: косорий (kosoryj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: косорь (kosorĭ)

Bulgarian: косор (kosor)

Macedonian: косор (kosor)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: косор

Latin script: kosor

West Slavic:

Old Czech: Kosoř

Polabian: ťösör

Slovak: kosor


orbotęgъ

orbotęgъ (nominative singular)
orbotęga (dual nominative)
orbotędzi (nominative plural)
orbotęga (genitive singular)
orbotęgu (dual genitive)
orbotęgъ (genitive plural)
orbotęgu (dative singular)
orbotęgoma (dative dual)
orbotęgomъ (dative plural)
orbotęgъ (accusative singular)
orbotęga (accusative dual)
orbotęgy (accusative plural)
orbotęgъmь (instrumental singular)
orbotęgomь (instrumental singular)
orbotęgoma (dual instrumental)
orbotęgy (instrumental plural)
orbotędzě (locative singular)
orbotęgu (dual locative)
orbotędzěxъ (locative plural)
orbotęže (singular vocative)
orbotęga (dual vocative)
orbotędzi (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: работѧгъ


orbotęga

orbotęga (nominative singular)
orbotędzě (dual nominative)
orbotęgy (nominative plural)
orbotęgy (genitive singular)
orbotęgu (dual genitive)
orbotęgъ (genitive plural)
orbotędzě (dative singular)
orbotęgama (dative dual)
orbotęgamъ (dative plural)
orbotęgǫ (accusative singular)
orbotędzě (accusative dual)
orbotęgy (accusative plural)
orbotęgojǫ (instrumental singular)
orbotęgǫ (instrumental singular)
orbotęgama (dual instrumental)
orbotęgami (instrumental plural)
orbotędzě (locative singular)
orbotęgu (dual locative)
orbotęgasъ (locative plural)
orbotęgaxъ (locative plural)
orbotęgo (singular vocative)
orbotędzě (dual vocative)
orbotęgy (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: рабаця́га (rabacjáha)

Russian: работя́га (rabotjága)

→ Bulgarian: работя́га (rabotjága)

Ukrainian: роботя́га (robotjáha)

From *orbota + *-ęga.
 PIE word
 *h₃órbʰos


orbotędzь

orbotędzь (nominative singular)
orbotędza (dual nominative)
orbotędzi (nominative plural)
orbotędza (genitive singular)
orbotędzu (dual genitive)
orbotędzь (genitive plural)
orbotędzu (dative singular)
orbotędzema (dative dual)
orbotędzemъ (dative plural)
orbotędzь (accusative singular)
orbotędza (accusative dual)
orbotędzę̇ (accusative plural)
orbotędzьmь (instrumental singular)
orbotędzemь (instrumental singular)
orbotędzema (dual instrumental)
orbotędzi (instrumental plural)
orbotędzi (locative singular)
orbotędzu (dual locative)
orbotędzixъ (locative plural)
orbotęže (singular vocative)
orbotędza (dual vocative)
orbotędzi (plural vocative)

East Slavic: роботязи (robotjazi)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: robotěz

Old Polish: robociądz, robociąż

From *orbota + *-ędzь.
 PIE word
 *h₃órbʰos


-ьmo

-ьmo (nominative singular)
-ьmě (dual nominative)
-ьma (nominative plural)
-ьma (genitive singular)
-ьmu (dual genitive)
-ьmъ (genitive plural)
-ьmu (dative singular)
-ьmoma (dative dual)
-ьmomъ (dative plural)
-ьmo (accusative singular)
-ьmě (accusative dual)
-ьma (accusative plural)
-ьmъmь (instrumental singular)
-ьmomь (instrumental singular)
-ьmoma (dual instrumental)
-ьmy (instrumental plural)
-ьmě (locative singular)
-ьmu (dual locative)
-ьměxъ (locative plural)
-ьmo (singular vocative)
-ьmě (dual vocative)
-ьma (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic:

Russian: -мо (-mo)

Ukrainian: -мо (-mo)

Compare with Old Lithuanian -imas and Lithuanian -imas.

derǫ̀ (“to tear, flay”) → *derьmò

kurìti (“to smoke”) → *kũrьmo

pišǫ̀ (“to write”) → *pisьmò

pově̀siti (“to hang”) → *pově̀sьmo

oràti (“to plough”) → *orьmò

bě̀lъ (“white”) (or verb *bě̀liti?) → *bě̀lьmo

Deadjectival, from the root, forming noun.

darìti → *darьmò

Deverbal, from the root, forming adverbs.


oskъrdъ

oskъrdъ (nominative singular)
oskъrda (dual nominative)
oskъrdi (nominative plural)
oskъrda (genitive singular)
oskъrdu (dual genitive)
oskъrdъ (genitive plural)
oskъrdu (dative singular)
oskъrdoma (dative dual)
oskъrdomъ (dative plural)
oskъrdъ (accusative singular)
oskъrda (accusative dual)
oskъrdy (accusative plural)
oskъrdъmь (instrumental singular)
oskъrdomь (instrumental singular)
oskъrdoma (dual instrumental)
oskъrdy (instrumental plural)
oskъrdě (locative singular)
oskъrdu (dual locative)
oskъrděxъ (locative plural)
oskъrde (singular vocative)
oskъrda (dual vocative)
oskъrdi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: оскърдъ (oskŭrdŭ), оскръдъ (oskrŭdŭ)

Russian: оскорд (oskord) (dated)

Ukrainian: dial. оскард (oskard)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: оскръдъ (oskrŭdŭ)

Slovene: oškrd

West Slavic:

Old Czech: oškrd, oskrd

Czech: oškrd, oškrt

Bohemian (Chod dialect): voškrd

Old Polish: oskard

Polish: oskard, rare oszkard

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: woškrot

From *ob- + *skъrdъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *skurd-, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut off”).
Cognate with Old Prussian scurdis (“dibstone, mattock”).


lobozgъ

lobozgъ (nominative singular)
lobozga (dual nominative)
lobozdzi (nominative plural)
lobozga (genitive singular)
lobozgu (dual genitive)
lobozgъ (genitive plural)
lobozgu (dative singular)
lobozgoma (dative dual)
lobozgomъ (dative plural)
lobozgъ (accusative singular)
lobozga (accusative dual)
lobozgy (accusative plural)
lobozgъmь (instrumental singular)
lobozgomь (instrumental singular)
lobozgoma (dual instrumental)
lobozgy (instrumental plural)
lobozdzě (locative singular)
lobozgu (dual locative)
lobozdzěxъ (locative plural)
loboždže (singular vocative)
lobozga (dual vocative)
lobozdzi (plural vocative)


adati

adanьje (noun-from-verb)
adati (infinitive)
adatъ (supine)
adalъ (l-participle)
adanъ (participle passive past)
adajemъ (participle passive present)
adavъ (active participle past)
adaję (active participle present)
adaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
ada (aorist second-person singular)
ada (aorist singular third-person)
adajǫ (first-person present singular)
adaješi (present second-person singular)
adajetь (present singular third-person)
adaxově (aorist dual first-person)
adasta (aorist dual second-person)
adaste (aorist dual third-person)
adajevě (dual first-person present)
adajeta (dual present second-person)
adajete (dual present third-person)
adaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
adaste (aorist plural second-person)
adašę (aorist plural third-person)
adajemъ (first-person plural present)
adajete (plural present second-person)
adajǫtь (plural present third-person)
adaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
adaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
adaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
adaji (imperative second-person singular)
adaji (imperative singular third-person)
adaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
adaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
adaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
adajivě (dual first-person imperative)
adajita (dual imperative second-person)
adaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
adaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
adaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
adajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
adajite (imperative plural second-person)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jadati

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ṓˀstei, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed-. Cognates include Lithuanian úosti, Latvian ôst, Ancient Greek ὄζω (ózō).

inh+

(transitive) to investigate, explore, study


zěnica

zěnica (nominative singular)
zěnici (dual nominative)
zěnicę̇ (nominative plural)
zěnicę̇ (genitive singular)
zěnicu (dual genitive)
zěnicь (genitive plural)
zěnici (dative singular)
zěnicama (dative dual)
zěnicamъ (dative plural)
zěnicǫ (accusative singular)
zěnici (accusative dual)
zěnicę̇ (accusative plural)
zěnicejǫ (instrumental singular)
zěnicǫ (instrumental singular)
zěnicama (dual instrumental)
zěnicami (instrumental plural)
zěnici (locative singular)
zěnicu (dual locative)
zěnicasъ (locative plural)
zěnicaxъ (locative plural)
zěnice (singular vocative)
zěnici (dual vocative)
zěnicę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: зѣница (zěnica)

Old Ruthenian: зѣница (zěnica)

Belarusian: зяні́ца (zjaníca)

Ukrainian: зіни́ця (zinýcja)

Russian: зени́ца (zeníca) (obsolete)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⰸⱑⱀⰹⱌⰰ (zěnica)

Old Cyrillic script: зѣница (zěnica)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: зјѐница, зѐница

Latin script: zjènica, zènica

Slovene: zeníca (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: zenice

Old Polish: źrenica
Polish: źrenica

Substantivized participle **zěnъ + *-ica, from **zěti (“to gape”) (compare *zěvati).

zьjati

to open (one's mouth), gape, be wide open)


badъ

badъ (nominative singular)
bada (dual nominative)
badi (nominative plural)
bada (genitive singular)
badu (dual genitive)
badъ (genitive plural)
badu (dative singular)
badoma (dative dual)
badomъ (dative plural)
badъ (accusative singular)
bada (accusative dual)
bady (accusative plural)
badъmь (instrumental singular)
badomь (instrumental singular)
badoma (dual instrumental)
bady (instrumental plural)
badě (locative singular)
badu (dual locative)
baděxъ (locative plural)
bade (singular vocative)
bada (dual vocative)
badi (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: бад (bad) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: bȃd (dialectal)

From *badati, iterative of *bosti. Parallel to Proto-Slavic *bodъ (“sting, stitch”).


junoxъ

junoxъ (nominative singular)
junoxa (dual nominative)
junośi (nominative plural)
junoxa (genitive singular)
junoxu (dual genitive)
junoxъ (genitive plural)
junoxu (dative singular)
junoxoma (dative dual)
junoxomъ (dative plural)
junoxъ (accusative singular)
junoxa (accusative dual)
junoxy (accusative plural)
junoxъmь (instrumental singular)
junoxomь (instrumental singular)
junoxoma (dual instrumental)
junoxy (instrumental plural)
junośě (locative singular)
junoxu (dual locative)
junośěxъ (locative plural)
junoše (singular vocative)
junoxa (dual vocative)
junośi (plural vocative)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: junoch

Czech: jinoch (archaic)

Old Polish: junoch

Slovak: junoch


čistostь

čistostь (nominative singular)
čistosti (genitive singular)
čistosti (dative singular)
čistostь (accusative singular)
čistostьjǫ (instrumental singular)
čistosti (locative singular)
čistosti (singular vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: чистость (čistostĭ)

Belarusian: чы́стасць (čýstascʹ)

Russian: чи́стость (čístostʹ) (rare)

Ukrainian: чи́стість (čýstistʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: чистость (čistostĭ)

Glagolitic: ⱍⰺⱄⱅⱁⱄⱅⱐ (čistostĭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чи̏сто̄ст

Latin script: čȉstōst

Slovene: čístost

West Slavic:

Czech: čistost

Polish: czystość

Slovak: čistosť (archaic)

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: čistosć

Lower Sorbian: cystosć

From *čistъ (“clean, pure”) + *-ostь (“-ness”).


kyjь

kỳjь (canonical)
ky̑jь (canonical masculine)
a (accent-paradigm)
kỳjь (nominative singular)
kỳja (dual nominative)
kỳji (nominative plural)
kỳja (genitive singular)
kỳju (dual genitive)
kỳjь (genitive plural)
kỳju (dative singular)
kỳjema (dative dual)
kỳjēmъ (dative plural)
kỳjь (accusative singular)
kỳja (accusative dual)
kỳję̇ (accusative plural)
kỳjьmь (instrumental singular)
kỳjemь (instrumental singular)
kỳjema (dual instrumental)
kỳjī (instrumental plural)
kỳji (locative singular)
kỳju (dual locative)
kỳjīxъ (locative plural)
kỳju (singular vocative)
kỳja (dual vocative)
kỳji (plural vocative)
c (accent-paradigm)
ky̑jь (nominative singular)
ky̑ja (dual nominative)
ky̑ji (nominative plural)
ky̑ja (genitive singular)
kyjù (dual genitive)
kỹjь (genitive plural)
ky̑ju (dative singular)
kyjemà (dative dual)
kyjèmъ (dative plural)
ky̑jь (accusative singular)
ky̑ja (accusative dual)
ky̑ję̇ (accusative plural)
ky̑jьmь (instrumental singular)
ky̑jemь (instrumental singular)
kyjemà (dual instrumental)
kyjí (instrumental plural)
ky̑ji (locative singular)
kyjù (dual locative)
kyjĩxъ (locative plural)
kyju (singular vocative)
ky̑ja (dual vocative)
ky̑ji (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: кꙑи (kyi), кии (kii)

Old Ruthenian: кїй (kij)

Belarusian: кій (kij)

Carpathian Rusyn: кый (kŷj)

Ukrainian: кий (kyj)

Russian: кий (kij)

desc

⇒ Old East Slavic: Кꙑи (Kyi) (personal name)

⇒ Old East Slavic: кꙑꙗнинъ (kyjaninŭ, “Kyi's person; resident of Kyiv”) (see there for further descendants)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Glagolitic script: ⰽⱏⰺⰻ (kyi)

Old Cyrillic script: кꙑи (kyi)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: киј

Latin script: kij

Slovene: kȋj (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kyj

Czech: kyj; kеj, kij (dialectal)

Old Polish: kij

Polish: kij

Old Slovak: kyj

Pannonian Rusyn: кий (kij) (obsolete)

Slovak: kyj; kij (dialectal)

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: czij

Slovincian: kjyj, kij

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: kij

Lower Sorbian: kij

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kū́ˀjas, from Proto-Indo-European *kuh₂yos, from the root *kewh₂- (“to hit, strike”).
Cognate with Lithuanian kūjis (“hammer”) and Old Prussian cugis (“hammer”).


bratrьstvo

bratrьstvo (nominative singular)
bratrьstvě (dual nominative)
bratrьstva (nominative plural)
bratrьstva (genitive singular)
bratrьstvu (dual genitive)
bratrьstvъ (genitive plural)
bratrьstvu (dative singular)
bratrьstvoma (dative dual)
bratrьstvomъ (dative plural)
bratrьstvo (accusative singular)
bratrьstvě (accusative dual)
bratrьstva (accusative plural)
bratrьstvъmь (instrumental singular)
bratrьstvomь (instrumental singular)
bratrьstvoma (dual instrumental)
bratrьstvy (instrumental plural)
bratrьstvě (locative singular)
bratrьstvu (dual locative)
bratrьstvěxъ (locative plural)
bratrьstvo (singular vocative)
bratrьstvě (dual vocative)
bratrьstva (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: братство (bratstvo)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: братрьство (bratrĭstvo)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: братство (bratstvo)

Macedonian: братство (bratstvo)

Slovene: bratrstvo

West Slavic:

Czech: bratrstvo

Polish: braterstwo, bractwo

→ Ukrainian: братерство (braterstvo)


vъz-

East Slavic:

Russian: вз- (vz-), взо- (vzo-), воз- (voz-)

Ukrainian: з- (z-), с- (s-), уз- (uz-), вз- (vz-), віз- (viz-)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: въз- (vŭz-)

Glagolitic script: ⰲⱏⰸ- (vŭz-)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: уз-, уза-

Latin script: uz-, uza-

West Slavic:

Czech: vz-, vze-

Polabian: våz-

Old Polish: wz-
Polish: wz-

Slovak: vz-, vzo-


poľe

pȍľe (canonical neuter)
c (accent-paradigm)
pȍľe (nominative singular)
pȍľi (dual nominative)
poľà (nominative plural)
pȍľa (genitive singular)
poľù (dual genitive)
pòľь (genitive plural)
pȍľu (dative singular)
poľemà (dative dual)
poľémъ (dative plural)
pȍľe (accusative singular)
pȍľi (accusative dual)
poľà (accusative plural)
pȍľьmь (instrumental singular)
pȍľemь (instrumental singular)
poľemà (dual instrumental)
poľí (instrumental plural)
pȍľi (locative singular)
poľù (dual locative)
poľíxъ (locative plural)
pȍľe (singular vocative)
pȍľi (dual vocative)
poľà (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: поле (pole)

Old Ruthenian: по́ле (póle), по́лє (pólje)

Belarusian: по́ле (pólje)

Carpathian Rusyn: по́ле (póle)

Ukrainian: по́ле (póle)

Russian: по́ле (póle)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: полѥ (polje)

Bulgarian: поле́ (polé); по́ле (póle) (dialectal)

Macedonian: по́ле (póle)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: по̏ље

Latin script: pȍlje

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: pọ̑lje, poljẹ̑ (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: pole
Czech: pole

desctree

Old Polish: pole
Polish: pole
Silesian: pole

Old Slovak: pole, poľo

Pannonian Rusyn: польо (polʹo)

Slovak: pole

Polabian: püli

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: pòle

Slovincian: pôlê

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: pólo

Upper Sorbian: polo

Speculated to be a thematization of an archaic i-stem neuter, via schwebeablaut from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat, wide”). Presumably cognate with Hittite 𒁄𒄭𒅖 (palḫiš, “wide”) < Proto-Indo-European *pólh₂is ~ *pl̥h₂éis (c.); *pólh₂i ~ *pl̥h₂éis (n.). In the past, has been alternatively linked to *pelH- (“pale, light”) (Trubačev).
Further akin to Latin palam (“openly”), German West-falen.


vъzęti

vъzętьje (noun-from-verb)
vъzęti (infinitive)
vъzętъ (supine)
vъzęlъ (l-participle)
vъzętъ (participle passive past)
vъzьmomъ (participle passive present)
vъzьmъ (active participle past)
vъzьmy (active participle present)
vъzęsъ (aorist first-person singular)
vъzę (aorist second-person singular)
vъzę (aorist singular third-person)
vъzьmǫ (first-person present singular)
vъzьmeši (present second-person singular)
vъzьmetь (present singular third-person)
vъzęsově (aorist dual first-person)
vъzęsta (aorist dual second-person)
vъzęste (aorist dual third-person)
vъzьmevě (dual first-person present)
vъzьmeta (dual present second-person)
vъzьmete (dual present third-person)
vъzęsomъ (aorist first-person plural)
vъzęste (aorist plural second-person)
vъzęsę (aorist plural third-person)
vъzьmemъ (first-person plural present)
vъzьmete (plural present second-person)
vъzьmǫtь (plural present third-person)
vъzьměaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
vъzьměaše (imperfect second-person singular)
vъzьměaše (imperfect singular third-person)
vъzьmi (imperative second-person singular)
vъzьmi (imperative singular third-person)
vъzьměaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
vъzьměašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
vъzьměašete (dual imperfect third-person)
vъzьměvě (dual first-person imperative)
vъzьměta (dual imperative second-person)
vъzьměaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
vъzьměašete (imperfect plural second-person)
vъzьměaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
vъzьměmъ (first-person imperative plural)
vъzьměte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: ўзяць (ŭzjacʹ)

Russian: взять (vzjatʹ)

Ukrainian: взяти (vzjaty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: възѧти

Glagolitic script: ⰲⱏⰸⱔⱅⰹ (vŭzęti)

Bulgarian: взе́ма (vzéma)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: у̀зе̄ти

Latin script: ùzēti

Slovene: vzẹ́ti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: vzieti

Czech: vzít

desctree

Old Polish: wziąć
Polish: wziąć
Silesian: wziōńś

Slovak: vziať

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: wzyc, wząc

Slovincian: wzyc

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: wześ

From *vъz- (“in return for; up, down”) + *ęti (“take”).


telkti

East Slavic:

desc

Belarusian: таўкці́ (taŭkcí); тоўкці́ (toŭkcí), товкты́ (tovktý), товкчи́ (tovkčí) (dialectal, obsolete)

⇒ Belarusian: таўкці́ся (taŭkcísja), тоўкці́са (toŭkcísa) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: товкти́ (tovktý), толокти́ (toloktý)

Russian: толкти́ (tolktí)

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *telktei, from Proto-Indo-European *telk-e-ti ~ *telk-ti, from *telk- (“to thrust, strike”). Cognate with Lithuanian tel̃kti (“assemble for collective assistance”), Old Prussian tlāku (“threshes”, 3 sg.).

cog

be:Генадзь Апанасавіч Цыхун
uk:Мельничук Олександр Савич


telťi

telťì (canonical imperfective)
tьlčenьje (noun-from-verb)
telťi (infinitive)
telťь (supine)
tьlklъ (l-participle)
tьlčenъ (participle passive past)
tьlkomъ (participle passive present)
tьlkъ (active participle past)
tьlky (active participle present)
tьlkъ (aorist first-person singular)
tьlkoxъ (aorist first-person singular)
tьlče (aorist second-person singular)
tьlče (aorist singular third-person)
tьlkǫ (first-person present singular)
tьlčeši (present second-person singular)
tьlčetь (present singular third-person)
tьlkově (aorist dual first-person)
tьlkoxově (aorist dual first-person)
tьlketa (aorist dual second-person)
tьlkosta (aorist dual second-person)
tьlkete (aorist dual third-person)
tьlkoste (aorist dual third-person)
tьlčevě (dual first-person present)
tьlčeta (dual present second-person)
tьlčete (dual present third-person)
tьlkomъ (aorist first-person plural)
tьlkoxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
tьlkete (aorist plural second-person)
tьlkoste (aorist plural second-person)
tьlkǫ (aorist plural third-person)
tьlkošę (aorist plural third-person)
tьlčemъ (first-person plural present)
tьlčete (plural present second-person)
tьlkǫtь (plural present third-person)
tьlčaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
tьlčaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
tьlčaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
tьlci (imperative second-person singular)
tьlci (imperative singular third-person)
tьlčaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
tьlčaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
tьlčaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
tьlcěvě (dual first-person imperative)
tьlcěta (dual imperative second-person)
tьlčaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
tьlčaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
tьlčaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
tьlcěmъ (first-person imperative plural)
tьlcěte (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: толочи (toloči)

Belarusian: таўчы́ (taŭčý)

desc

Russian: толо́чь (tolóčʹ), толчы́ (tolčý)

Ukrainian: товчи́ (tovčý)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: тлѣщи (tlěšti)

Glagolitic script: ⱅⰾⱑⱋⰻ (tlěšti)

Bulgarian: тлъка́ (tlǎká) (obsolete) (cf. тъ́лча (tǎ́lča) < *tьlkati)

Macedonian: толчи (tolči) (< *tьlčati)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ту̑ћи, ту́ћи

Latin script: tȗći, túći

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: tlẹ́či, tólči (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: tlúci

Czech: tlouct

Polabian: tauct

Old Polish: tłuc

Polish: tłuc

Slovak: tĺcť

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: tołc

Lower Sorbian: tłuc

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *telktei, from Proto-Indo-European *telk- (“to thrust, strike”). Cognate with Lithuanian tìlkti (“to be tame”), Latvian nuôtalcît, Proto-Celtic *tolkos (“an attack, tear”).


vojь

vojь (nominative singular)
voja (dual nominative)
voji (nominative plural)
voja (genitive singular)
voju (dual genitive)
vojь (genitive plural)
voju (dative singular)
vojema (dative dual)
vojemъ (dative plural)
vojь (accusative singular)
voja (accusative dual)
voję̇ (accusative plural)
vojьmь (instrumental singular)
vojemь (instrumental singular)
vojema (dual instrumental)
voji (instrumental plural)
voji (locative singular)
voju (dual locative)
vojixъ (locative plural)
voju (singular vocative)
voja (dual vocative)
voji (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: вои (voi)

Old Ruthenian: вой (voj)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: вои (voi)

Glagolitic script: ⰲⱁⰺ (voi)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: voj

Czech: voj

Polish: wój, woj

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wajas, from Proto-Indo-European *woyh₁-o-s, from *weyh₁- (“to chase”).


vojь

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: вой (voj, “volution”) (obsolete)

desc

⇒ Macedonian: завој (zavoj), развој (razvoj)

⇒ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: за́вој

Latin script: závoj

West Slavic:

⇒ Czech: vývoj, rozvoj

From o-grade action noun of *viti + *-ъ, ultimately from *weh₁y- (“to twist”). The o-grade is the same as in Proto-Slavic *lojь from Proto-Slavic *liti.


obuvь

obuvь (nominative singular)
obuvi (dual nominative)
obuvi (nominative plural)
obuvi (genitive singular)
obuvьju (dual genitive)
obuvьjь (genitive plural)
obuvi (dative singular)
obuvьma (dative dual)
obuvьmъ (dative plural)
obuvь (accusative singular)
obuvi (accusative dual)
obuvi (accusative plural)
obuvьjǫ (instrumental singular)
obuvьma (dual instrumental)
obuvьmi (instrumental plural)
obuvi (locative singular)
obuvьju (dual locative)
obuvьxъ (locative plural)
obuvi (singular vocative)
obuvi (dual vocative)
obuvi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: обувь (obuvĭ)

Belarusian: вобуў (vóbuŭ)

Russian: обувь (obuvʹ)

Ukrainian: обув (obuv)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: обоувь (obuvĭ)

Glagolitic: ⱁⰱⱆⰲⱐ (obuvĭ)

Bulgarian: обувка (obuvka)

Slovene: obuv

West Slavic:

Old Czech: obuv

Czech: obuv

Old Polish: obów
Polish: obuwie

Pannonian Rusyn: обуй (obuj)

Slovak: obuv

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *apavas/*apavis, *apauvas/*apauvis.
* ЭССЯ: from *obovь (influenced by *obuti, *obuvati).
: Cognate with Lithuanian āpavas (“footwear, shoes”).
* Vasmer: from *obuti (“to put on footwear”), from *ob- + *uti (see *jьz-uti (“to take off (footwear)”)).
: Baltic cognates include Lithuanian aũti, aunù, aviaũ (“to wear shoes, put on shoes, to shoe”), apaũti (“to shoe”), Latvian àut, àunu (“to put on shoes”)
: Indo-European cognates include Avestan 𐬀𐬊𐬚𐬭𐬀 (aoθra, “shoe”), Latin ex-uō (“to undress, take off”), Old Armenian ագանիմ (aganim).


zemь

zèmь (canonical)
zȅmь (canonical feminine)
b (accent-paradigm)
zèmь (nominative singular)
zemì (dual nominative)
zemì (nominative plural)
zèmi (genitive singular)
zèmьju (dual genitive)
zemь̀jь (genitive plural)
zemì (dative singular)
zèmьma (dative dual)
zemь̀mъ (dative plural)
zèmь (accusative singular)
zemì (accusative dual)
zemì (accusative plural)
zèmьjǫ (instrumental singular)
zèmьma (dual instrumental)
zèmьmī (instrumental plural)
zèmi (locative singular)
zèmьju (dual locative)
zemь̀xъ (locative plural)
zemi (singular vocative)
zemì (dual vocative)
zemì (plural vocative)
c (accent-paradigm)
zȅmь (nominative singular)
zȅmi (dual nominative)
zȅmi (nominative plural)
zemí (genitive singular)
zemьjù (dual genitive)
zemь̀jь (genitive plural)
zȅmi (dative singular)
zemьmà (dative dual)
zȅmьmъ (dative plural)
zȅmь (accusative singular)
zȅmi (accusative dual)
zȅmi (accusative plural)
zemьjǫ́ (instrumental singular)
zemьmà (dual instrumental)
zemьmì (instrumental plural)
zemí (locative singular)
zemьjù (dual locative)
zȅmьxъ (locative plural)
zemi (singular vocative)
zȅmi (dual vocative)
zȅmi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: земь (zemĭ)

Russian: -зём (-zjóm)

West Slavic:

Czech: zem

Polish: ziem

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *źémē, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰem-, the oblique stem of *dʰéǵʰōm.


věža

věža (nominative singular)
věži (dual nominative)
věžę̇ (nominative plural)
věžę̇ (genitive singular)
věžu (dual genitive)
věžь (genitive plural)
věži (dative singular)
věžama (dative dual)
věžamъ (dative plural)
věžǫ (accusative singular)
věži (accusative dual)
věžę̇ (accusative plural)
věžejǫ (instrumental singular)
věžǫ (instrumental singular)
věžama (dual instrumental)
věžami (instrumental plural)
věži (locative singular)
věžu (dual locative)
věžasъ (locative plural)
věžaxъ (locative plural)
věže (singular vocative)
věži (dual vocative)
věžę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: вѣжа (věža)

Old Ruthenian: вѣжа (věža)

Belarusian: ве́жа (vjéža)

Russian: ве́жа (véža)

South Slavic:

Slovene: veža

West Slavic:

Old Czech: věžě

Czech: věž

Polabian: viză

Kashubian: wieża, wieżô

Old Polish: wieża

Polish: wieża

→ Ukrainian: ве́жа (véža)

Slovak: veža

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: wjaža

Upper Sorbian: wěža

From the present stem of the verb *vezti — *vez- + *-ja.


porporъ

porporъ (nominative singular)
porpora (dual nominative)
porpori (nominative plural)
porpora (genitive singular)
porporu (dual genitive)
porporъ (genitive plural)
porporu (dative singular)
porporoma (dative dual)
porporomъ (dative plural)
porporъ (accusative singular)
porpora (accusative dual)
porpory (accusative plural)
porporъmь (instrumental singular)
porporomь (instrumental singular)
porporoma (dual instrumental)
porpory (instrumental plural)
porporě (locative singular)
porporu (dual locative)
porporěxъ (locative plural)
porpore (singular vocative)
porpora (dual vocative)
porpori (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: поропоръ (poroporŭ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: прапоръ (praporŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱂⱃⰰⱂⱁⱃⱏ (praporŭ)

Bulgarian: пра́порец (práporec)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: прапорац

Latin script: praporac

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: prápor, práporǝc (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: prapor, dial. prápor

Polish: proporzec

Slovak: prápor

Baltic cognates include Lithuanian spar̃nas (“wing”), Latvian spārns (“wing”).
Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit पर्ण (parṇa, “wing”), Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (par^əna, “feather”).


biba

biba (nominative singular)
bibě (dual nominative)
biby (nominative plural)
biby (genitive singular)
bibu (dual genitive)
bibъ (genitive plural)
bibě (dative singular)
bibama (dative dual)
bibamъ (dative plural)
bibǫ (accusative singular)
bibě (accusative dual)
biby (accusative plural)
bibojǫ (instrumental singular)
bibǫ (instrumental singular)
bibama (dual instrumental)
bibami (instrumental plural)
bibě (locative singular)
bibu (dual locative)
bibasъ (locative plural)
bibaxъ (locative plural)
bibo (singular vocative)
bibě (dual vocative)
biby (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

desc

Bulgarian: би́ба (bíba, “duck's bill”), би́бка (bíbka, “duck, fowl”) (dialectal)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бѝба (“fowl”) (dialectal, Serbian)

⇒ Latin script: bíbac (“turkey”) (Bosnian)

⇒ Serbo-Croatian: bíbati (“to gather around water, to cause commotion”)

⇒ Serbo-Croatian: bȋba (“place where waterfowl gather”) (dialectal, Croatian)

→ Slovene: bíba (“buzzer, insect”), bíbavicа (“tidal wave”) (18 cent.)

West Slavic:

⇒ Slovak: bibic (“common chaffinch”)

Onomatopoeic, from the call bi-bi + *-a.

type of bird (fowl, game bird) or bird's bill


kurъ

kùrъ (canonical masculine)
a (accent-paradigm)
kùrъ (nominative singular)
kùra (dual nominative)
kùri (nominative plural)
kùra (genitive singular)
kùru (dual genitive)
kùrъ (genitive plural)
kùru (dative singular)
kùroma (dative dual)
kùromъ (dative plural)
kùrъ (accusative singular)
kùra (accusative dual)
kùry (accusative plural)
kùrъmь (instrumental singular)
kùromь (instrumental singular)
kùroma (dual instrumental)
kùrȳ (instrumental plural)
kùrě (locative singular)
kùru (dual locative)
kùrě̄xъ (locative plural)
kùre (singular vocative)
kùra (dual vocative)
kùri (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: кур (kur) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: кур (kur)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: коуръ (kurŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰽⱆⱃⱏ (kurŭ)

Bulgarian: кур (kur)

Macedonian: кур (kur)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ку̏р

Latin script: kȕr

Slovene: kȕr (tonal orthography) (obsolete)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: kur, kúr

Czech: kour, kur

Kashubian: kùr

Polish: kur

Slovak: kúr

Slovincian: kúr

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: kur

Upper Sorbian: kur

Onomatopoeic; also interjection *kury!. Compare *kokotъ (“rooster”), *kokošь (“hen”). Related to Lithuanian kurtinỹs (“grouse”), Greek κούρκος (koúrkos, “turkey”) (probably a Slavic loanword). A connection with Slovak kúriť (“to run”), Lithuanian kùrti (“to run”), else meaning “to smoke, to kindle” (☞ *kūrìti), is also possible. Compare Bulgarian тока́чка (tokáčka, “guinea fowl”), Russian токова́ть (tokovátʹ, “to display courtship (for birds)”) from Proto-Slavic *tokati (“to flow, to propel (a fluid)”).


potokъ

potokъ (nominative singular)
potoka (dual nominative)
potoci (nominative plural)
potoka (genitive singular)
potoku (dual genitive)
potokъ (genitive plural)
potoku (dative singular)
potokoma (dative dual)
potokomъ (dative plural)
potokъ (accusative singular)
potoka (accusative dual)
potoky (accusative plural)
potokъmь (instrumental singular)
potokomь (instrumental singular)
potokoma (dual instrumental)
potoky (instrumental plural)
potocě (locative singular)
potoku (dual locative)
potocěxъ (locative plural)
potoče (singular vocative)
potoka (dual vocative)
potoci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: пато́к (patók)

Russian: пото́к (potók)

Ukrainian: поті́к (potík)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: пото́к (potók)

Macedonian: по́ток (pótok)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: по̀ток

Latin script: pòtok

Slovene: pótok (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: potok

Czech: potok

Polish: potok

Slovak: potok

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian:

Non-Slavic languages:

Hungarian: patak

Deverbal from *poteťi (< *potekti (“to start flowing”)).


čelověkъ

čelověkъ (nominative singular)
čelověka (dual nominative)
čelověci (nominative plural)
čelověka (genitive singular)
čelověku (dual genitive)
čelověkъ (genitive plural)
čelověku (dative singular)
čelověkoma (dative dual)
čelověkomъ (dative plural)
čelověkъ (accusative singular)
čelověka (accusative dual)
čelověky (accusative plural)
čelověkъmь (instrumental singular)
čelověkomь (instrumental singular)
čelověkoma (dual instrumental)
čelověky (instrumental plural)
čelověcě (locative singular)
čelověku (dual locative)
čelověcěxъ (locative plural)
čelověče (singular vocative)
čelověka (dual vocative)
čelověci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: человѣкъ (čelověkŭ), чловѣкъ (člověkŭ)
Old Ruthenian: чоловѣкъ (čolověk)
Belarusian: чалаве́к (čalavjék)
Carpathian Rusyn: чолові́к (čolovík)
Ukrainian: чолові́к (čolovík, “man, husband”)
Russian: челове́к (čelovék)
→ Latgalian: cylvāks
→ Latvian: cilvēks
→ Latvian: cilēks (kursenieki)

desc

Old Novgorodian: целовѣке (celověke), цоловѣке (colověke)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: чловѣкъ (člověkŭ)

Glagolitic: ⱍⰾⱁⰲⱑⰽⱏ (člověkŭ)

Bulgarian: чове́к (čovék), (pre-1945 spelling) човѣкъ (čověk), (dated, literary) челове́к (čelovék)

Macedonian: чо́век (čóvek)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чо̀век, чо̀вјек

Latin: čòvek, čòvjek

Slovene: člóvek (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: člověk
Czech: člověk

desctree

Old Polish: człowiek
Polish: człowiek
Silesian: czowiek

Polabian: clåvăk

Old Slovak: človek

Pannonian Rusyn: чловек (človek)

Slovak: človek

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: człowiek

Slovincian: czlôwjek

Sorbianː

Upper Sorbian: čłowjek

Lower Sorbian: cłowjek

From Early Proto-Slavic *čelowoikъs, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kelawaikas, originally a compound meaning "child of a clan". The first part is from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“crowd, people”), from *kʷel- (“to turn, roll > to travel, settle, cultivate; town”). Cognates include Sanskrit कुल (kula), Ancient Greek τέλος (télos), and Old English scolu. The latter part is akin to Lithuanian vaĩkas (“child”), Latvian vaiks (“boy”) and Old Prussian waiх (“manservant”) (i.e. waiks, with x due to German orthography), possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weyk-.


Mьstislavъ

Mьstislavъ (nominative singular)
Mьstislava (dual nominative)
Mьstislavi (nominative plural)
Mьstislava (genitive singular)
Mьstislavu (dual genitive)
Mьstislavъ (genitive plural)
Mьstislavu (dative singular)
Mьstislavomъ (dative plural)
Mьstislavъ (accusative singular)
Mьstislava (accusative dual)
Mьstislavy (accusative plural)
Mьstislavy (instrumental plural)
Mьstislavě (locative singular)
Mьstislavu (dual locative)
Mьstislavěxъ (locative plural)
Mьstislave (singular vocative)
Mьstislava (dual vocative)
Mьstislavi (plural vocative)

East Slavic: Мьстиславъ (Mĭstislavŭ), Мстиславъ (Mstislavŭ)

Belarusian: Мсціслаў (Mscislaŭ)

Russian: Мстисла́в (Mstisláv)

Ukrainian: Мстисла́в (Mstysláv)

South Slavic:

Old Serbo-Croatian:

Latin: Mistisclav

West Slavic:

Old Czech: Mstislav

Czech: Mstislav

Polabian: Mistizlavus

Old Polish: Mścisław, Mścisława

Polish: Mścisław

From the imperative form of *mьstiti — *mьsti + *slava or *slaviti, literally meaning "revenge for glory/fame".


tysǫti

tỳsǫti (canonical feminine)
a (accent-paradigm)
tỳsǫti (nominative singular)
tysǫťi (dual nominative)
tysǫťę̇ (nominative plural)
tysǫťę̇ (genitive singular)
tysǫťu (dual genitive)
tysǫťь (genitive plural)
tysǫťī (dative singular)
tysǫťama (dative dual)
tysǫťāmъ (dative plural)
tysǫťǫ (accusative singular)
tysǫťi (accusative dual)
tysǫťę̇ (accusative plural)
tysǫťējǫ (instrumental singular)
tysǫťǭ (instrumental singular)
tysǫťama (dual instrumental)
tysǫťāmī (instrumental plural)
tysǫťī (locative singular)
tysǫťu (dual locative)
tysǫťāsъ (locative plural)
tysǫťe (singular vocative)
tysǫťi (dual vocative)
tysǫťę̇ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: тꙑсѧча

desc

Old Ruthenian: ты́сѧча (týsjača), ты́сѧчь (týsjačʹ)

Belarusian: ты́сяча (týsjača)

Carpathian Rusyn: ті́сяч (tísjač)

Ukrainian: ти́сяча (týsjača)

Russian: ты́сяча (týsjača)

Old Novgorodian: тꙑсѧца

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: тꙑсѫщи (tysǫšti), тꙑсѧщи

Glagolitic script: ⱅⱏⰹⱄⱘⱋⰻ (tysǫšti), ⱅⱏⰹⱄⱔⱋⰻ (tysęšti)

Bulgarian: ти́сеща (tísešta), ти́сяща (tísjašta) (archaic)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тѝсућа

Latin script: tìsuća

Slovene: tȋsoč (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: tisúc
Czech: tisíc

desctree

Old Polish: tysiąc
Polish: tysiąc
Silesian: tysiōnc

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: tësąc

Slovincian: tësinc

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: tysac

Non-Slavic:

→ Istro-Romanian: tisuť

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tū́ˀsantis, from Proto-Indo-European *tuHsont-.


drěmati

drě̄màti (canonical imperfective)
b (accent-paradigm)
drěmanьje (noun-from-verb)
drěmati (infinitive)
drěmatъ (supine)
drěmalъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
drěmanъ (participle passive past)
drěmľemъ (participle passive present)
drěmavъ (active participle past)
drěmľę (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
drěmaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
drěma (aorist second-person singular)
drěma (aorist singular third-person)
drěmľǫ (first-person present singular)
drěmľeši (present second-person singular)
drěmľetь (present singular third-person)
drěmaxově (aorist dual first-person)
drěmasta (aorist dual second-person)
drěmaste (aorist dual third-person)
drěmľevě (dual first-person present)
drěmľeta (dual present second-person)
drěmľete (dual present third-person)
drěmaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
drěmaste (aorist plural second-person)
drěmašę (aorist plural third-person)
drěmľemъ (first-person plural present)
drěmľete (plural present second-person)
drěmľǫtь (plural present third-person)
drěmaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
drěmaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
drěmaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
drěmľi (imperative second-person singular)
drěmľi (imperative singular third-person)
drěmaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
drěmaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
drěmaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
drěmľivě (dual first-person imperative)
drěmľita (dual imperative second-person)
drěmaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
drěmaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
drěmaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
drěmľimъ (first-person imperative plural)
drěmľite (imperative plural second-person)
b (accent-paradigm)
drěmanьje (noun-from-verb)
drěmati (infinitive)
drěmatъ (supine)
drěmalъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
drěmanъ (participle passive past)
drěmajemъ (participle passive present)
drěmavъ (active participle past)
drěmaję (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
drěmaxъ (aorist first-person singular)
drěma (aorist second-person singular)
drěma (aorist singular third-person)
drěmajǫ (first-person present singular)
drěmaješi (present second-person singular)
drěmajetь (present singular third-person)
drěmaxově (aorist dual first-person)
drěmasta (aorist dual second-person)
drěmaste (aorist dual third-person)
drěmajevě (dual first-person present)
drěmajeta (dual present second-person)
drěmajete (dual present third-person)
drěmaxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
drěmaste (aorist plural second-person)
drěmašę (aorist plural third-person)
drěmajemъ (first-person plural present)
drěmajete (plural present second-person)
drěmajǫtь (plural present third-person)
drěmaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
drěmaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
drěmaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
drěmaji (imperative second-person singular)
drěmaji (imperative singular third-person)
drěmaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
drěmaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
drěmaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
drěmajivě (dual first-person imperative)
drěmajita (dual imperative second-person)
drěmaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
drěmaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
drěmaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
drěmajimъ (first-person imperative plural)
drěmajite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: драма́ць (dramácʹ)

Russian: дрема́ть (dremátʹ)

Ukrainian: дріма́ти (drimáty)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: дрѣмати (drěmati)

Glagolitic script: ⰴⱃⱑⰿⰰⱅⰻ (drěmati)

Bulgarian: дре́мя (drémja)

Macedonian: дреме (dreme)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: дре́мати

Latin script: drémati

Slovene: drẹ́mati (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: dřiemati

Czech: dřímat

Polish: drzemać

Slovak: driemať

Slovincian: drzêmac

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: drěmaś

Upper Sorbian: drěmać

From Proto-Indo-European *drē- (“to sleep”) or Proto-Indo-European *drem-.


jьgračь

jьgračь (nominative singular)
jьgrača (dual nominative)
jьgrači (nominative plural)
jьgrača (genitive singular)
jьgraču (dual genitive)
jьgračь (genitive plural)
jьgraču (dative singular)
jьgračema (dative dual)
jьgračemъ (dative plural)
jьgračь (accusative singular)
jьgrača (accusative dual)
jьgračę̇ (accusative plural)
jьgračьmь (instrumental singular)
jьgračemь (instrumental singular)
jьgračema (dual instrumental)
jьgrači (instrumental plural)
jьgrači (locative singular)
jьgraču (dual locative)
jьgračixъ (locative plural)
jьgraču (singular vocative)
jьgrača (dual vocative)
jьgrači (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old Ruthenian: играчъ (ihrač), грачъ (hrač), ґрачъ (grač), кграчъ (grač)

Belarusian: ігра́ч (ihráč)

Ukrainian: грач (hrač), (rare) ігра́ч (ihráč)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: играч (igrač)

Macedonian: играч (igrač)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: играч

Latin script: igrač

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jhráč

Czech: hráč

Kashubian: grôcz

Old Polish: igracz

Polish: gracz, grácz (obsolete or dialectal)

Polabian: jaigroc

Slovak: hráč

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: grac


jьgrьcь

jьgrьcь (nominative singular)
jьgrьca (dual nominative)
jьgrьci (nominative plural)
jьgrьca (genitive singular)
jьgrьcu (dual genitive)
jьgrьcь (genitive plural)
jьgrьcu (dative singular)
jьgrьcema (dative dual)
jьgrьcemъ (dative plural)
jьgrьcь (accusative singular)
jьgrьca (accusative dual)
jьgrьcę̇ (accusative plural)
jьgrьcьmь (instrumental singular)
jьgrьcemь (instrumental singular)
jьgrьcema (dual instrumental)
jьgrьci (instrumental plural)
jьgrьci (locative singular)
jьgrьcu (dual locative)
jьgrьcixъ (locative plural)
jьgrьče (singular vocative)
jьgrьca (dual vocative)
jьgrьci (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: игрьць (igrĭcĭ)

Ukrainian: грець (hrecʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: игрьць (igrĭcĭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰹⰳⱃⱐⱌⱐ (igrĭcĭ)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jhřec

Czech: herec

Old Polish: igrzec

Slovak: herec

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: gerc


jьgra

jьgrà (canonical feminine)
b (accent-paradigm)
jьgrà (nominative singular)
jь̀grě (dual nominative)
jьgrỳ (nominative plural)
jьgrỳ (genitive singular)
jьgrù (dual genitive)
jь̀grъ (genitive plural)
jьgrě̀ (dative singular)
jьgràma (dative dual)
jьgràmъ (dative plural)
jьgrǫ̀ (accusative singular)
jь̀grě (accusative dual)
jьgrỳ (accusative plural)
jьgròjǫ (instrumental singular)
jь̀grǫ (instrumental singular)
jьgràma (dual instrumental)
jьgràmī (instrumental plural)
jьgrě̀ (locative singular)
jьgrù (dual locative)
jьgràsъ (locative plural)
jьgràxъ (locative plural)
jьgro (singular vocative)
jь̀grě (dual vocative)
jьgrỳ (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: игра (igra)

Belarusian: ігра́ (ihrá)

Russian: игра́ (igrá)

Old Ukrainian: игра (ihra), ыгра (yhra)

Ukrainian: гра (hra) (plural: і́гри (íhry)), ігра (ihra), игра (yhra) (old orthography)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: игрь (igrĭ)

Bulgarian: игра́ (igrá)

Macedonian: игра (igra)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ѝгра

Latin script: ìgra

Slovene: ȋgra (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: jhra

Czech: hra

Kashubian: jigra

Polabian: *jågră

Old Polish: igra

Polish: gra, igra

Slovak: hra, ihra

Slovincian: gra

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: jhra, hra

Lower Sorbian: gra, igra

From Early Proto-Slavic *ígrā˙, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ígrāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ig-réh₂, from *h₂eyg- (“to stir, set in motion”). Cognate with Ancient Greek αἰγίς (aigís).


dědъ

dě̀dъ (canonical masculine)
a (accent-paradigm)
dě̀dъ (nominative singular)
dě̀da (dual nominative)
dě̀di (nominative plural)
dě̀da (genitive singular)
dě̀du (dual genitive)
dě̀dъ (genitive plural)
dě̀du (dative singular)
dě̀doma (dative dual)
dě̀domъ (dative plural)
dě̀dъ (accusative singular)
dě̀da (accusative dual)
dě̀dy (accusative plural)
dě̀dъmь (instrumental singular)
dě̀domь (instrumental singular)
dě̀doma (dual instrumental)
dě̀dȳ (instrumental plural)
dě̀dě (locative singular)
dě̀du (dual locative)
dě̀dě̄xъ (locative plural)
dě̀de (singular vocative)
dě̀da (dual vocative)
dě̀di (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: дѣдъ (dědŭ)

Belarusian: дзед (dzjed)

Russian: дед (ded)

Carpathian Rusyn: дїдо (djido)

Ukrainian: дід (did)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: дѣдъ (dědŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⰴⱑⰴⱏ (dědŭ)

Bulgarian: дя́до (djádo)

Macedonian: де́до (dédo)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: дје̏д, де̏д

Latin script: djȅd, dȅd, dȉd

Slovene: dẹ̑d, dȅd (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: děd

Polabian: ďodă

Polish: dziad, dziád (dialectal)

→ Vilamovian: dziodek

Slovak: dedo

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: źěd

Upper Sorbian: dźěd

→ Latgalian: dzeds

→ Livvi: diedʹoi

→ Yiddish: זיידע (zeyde)

Per Derksen, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dēˀd-, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁dʰ-. Cognate with Lithuanian dė̃dė, dė̃dis (“uncle”), Latvian dȩ̀ds (“old man”), Ancient Greek τήθη (tḗthē, “grandmother”). Perhaps originally an onomatopoeia of babies' speech.

onomatopoeic

onomatopoeia

ętry

sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife)


norvъ

nȏrvъ (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
nȏrvъ (nominative singular)
nȏrva (dual nominative)
nȏrvi (nominative plural)
nȏrva (genitive singular)
norvù (dual genitive)
nõrvъ (genitive plural)
nȏrvu (dative singular)
norvomà (dative dual)
norvòmъ (dative plural)
nȏrvъ (accusative singular)
nȏrva (accusative dual)
nȏrvy (accusative plural)
nȏrvъmь (instrumental singular)
nȏrvomь (instrumental singular)
norvomà (dual instrumental)
norvý (instrumental plural)
nȏrvě (locative singular)
norvù (dual locative)
norvě̃xъ (locative plural)
norve (singular vocative)
nȏrva (dual vocative)
nȏrvi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: норовъ (norovŭ)

Belarusian: но́раў (nóraŭ)

Russian: но́ров (nórov)

Ukrainian: но́ров (nórov)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: нравъ (nravŭ)

→ Old East Slavic: нравъ (nravŭ)

Bulgarian: нрав (nrav)

Macedonian: нарав (narav)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: на́рав f

Latin script: nárav f

desc/sl-tonal

Slovene: nrȃv, narȃva (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: nrav

Czech: mrav

Polish: narów (archaic, literary)

Slovak: mrav

Non-Slavic:

→ Romanian: nărav

Probably related to Lithuanian narvýtis (“to persist, to be stubborn”), possibly Ancient Greek νωρεῖ pl (nōreî, “energy, urge”). Further origin perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ner- (“vitality, drive”) (the root of *h₂nḗr (“man, person”)).
(Some) Western South Slavic descendants are etymologically problematic. Snoj tentatively derives them from related *naravь, *narava < *nar- + *-avь, *-ava. Compare Lithuanian nóras (“will”).


olbǫdь

ȏlbǭdь (canonical masculine)
c (accent-paradigm)
ȏlbǭdь (nominative singular)
ȏlbǭdi (dual nominative)
ȏlbǭdьjē (nominative plural)
olbǭdí (genitive singular)
olbǭdьjù (dual genitive)
olbǭdь̀jь (genitive plural)
ȏlbǭdi (dative singular)
olbǭdьmà (dative dual)
ȏlbǭdьmъ (dative plural)
ȏlbǭdь (accusative singular)
ȏlbǭdi (accusative dual)
ȏlbǭdi (accusative plural)
ȏlbǭdьmь (instrumental singular)
olbǭdьmà (dual instrumental)
olbǭdьmì (instrumental plural)
olbǭdí (locative singular)
olbǭdьjù (dual locative)
ȏlbǭdьxъ (locative plural)
olbǫdi (singular vocative)
ȏlbǭdi (dual vocative)
ȏlbǭdьjē (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: ле́бедзь m (ljébjedzʹ)

Russian: ле́бедь m or f (lébedʹ)

Carpathian Rusyn: лебідь (lebidʹ)

Ukrainian: ле́бідь m (lébidʹ)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: ле́бед m (lébed)

Macedonian: ле́бед m (lébed)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ла̏бӯд m, ле̏бӯт m (archaic)

Latin: lȁbūd m, lȅbūt m (archaic)

Slovene: labọ̑d m (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: labud f

Czech: labuť f

Kashubian: łabądz

desctree

Old Polish: łabęć
Polish: łabędź
Silesian: łabōnt

Slovak: labuť f

Non-Slavic languages:

Romanian: lebădă

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂elbʰós (“white”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *albits (“swan”) and *albiz (> elf).


osvětьlъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *osvětьlъ (hard)

Definite declension of *osvětьlъ (hard)

osvětьlъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
osvětьla (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
osvětьlo (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
osvětьla (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
osvětьly (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
osvětьla (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
osvětьlu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
osvětьlě (dative feminine indefinite singular)
osvětьlu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
osvětьlъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
osvětьlǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
osvětьlo (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
osvětьlomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
osvětьlojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
osvětьlomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
osvětьlě (indefinite locative masculine singular)
osvětьlě (feminine indefinite locative singular)
osvětьlě (indefinite locative neuter singular)
osvětьle (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
osvětьlo (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
osvětьlo (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
osvětьla (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
osvětьlě (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
osvětьlě (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
osvětьlu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
osvětьlu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
osvětьlu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
osvětьloma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
osvětьlama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
osvětьloma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
osvětьla (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
osvětьlě (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
osvětьlě (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
osvětьloma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
osvětьlama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
osvětьloma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
osvětьlu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
osvětьlu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
osvětьlu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
osvětьla (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
osvětьlě (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
osvětьlě (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
osvětьli (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
osvětьly (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
osvětьla (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
osvětьlъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
osvětьlъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
osvětьlъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
osvětьlomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
osvětьlamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
osvětьlomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
osvětьly (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
osvětьly (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
osvětьla (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
osvětьly (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
osvětьlami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
osvětьly (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
osvětьlěxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
osvětьlaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
osvětьlěxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
osvětьli (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
osvětьly (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
osvětьla (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
osvětьlъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
osvětьlaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
osvětьloje (definite neuter nominative singular)
osvětьlajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
osvětьlyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
osvětьlajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
osvětьlujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
osvětьlěji (dative definite feminine singular)
osvětьlujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
osvětьlъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
osvětьlǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
osvětьloje (accusative definite neuter singular)
osvětьlyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
osvětьlǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
osvětьlyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
osvětьlějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
osvětьlěji (definite feminine locative singular)
osvětьlějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
osvětьlъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
osvětьlaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
osvětьloje (definite neuter singular vocative)
osvětьlaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
osvětьlěji (definite dual feminine nominative)
osvětьlěji (definite dual neuter nominative)
osvětьluju (definite dual genitive masculine)
osvětьluju (definite dual feminine genitive)
osvětьluju (definite dual genitive neuter)
osvětьlyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
osvětьlyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
osvětьlyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
osvětьlaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
osvětьlěji (accusative definite dual feminine)
osvětьlěji (accusative definite dual neuter)
osvětьlyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
osvětьlyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
osvětьlyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
osvětьluju (definite dual locative masculine)
osvětьluju (definite dual feminine locative)
osvětьluju (definite dual locative neuter)
osvětьlaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
osvětьlěji (definite dual feminine vocative)
osvětьlěji (definite dual neuter vocative)
osvětьliji (definite masculine nominative plural)
osvětьlyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
osvětьlaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
osvětьlъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
osvětьlъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
osvětьlъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
osvětьlyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
osvětьlyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
osvětьlyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
osvětьlyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
osvětьlyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
osvětьlaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
osvětьlyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
osvětьlyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
osvětьlyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
osvětьlyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
osvětьlyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
osvětьlyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
osvětьliji (definite masculine plural vocative)
osvětьlyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
osvětьlaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Slovene: osvétel

From *ob- (“somewhat”) + *světьlъ (“light”, adj.), from *světъ (“light”, n.) + *-ьlъ.


guja

guja (nominative singular)
guji (dual nominative)
guję̇ (nominative plural)
guję̇ (genitive singular)
guju (dual genitive)
gujь (genitive plural)
guji (dative singular)
gujama (dative dual)
gujamъ (dative plural)
gujǫ (accusative singular)
guji (accusative dual)
guję̇ (accusative plural)
gujejǫ (instrumental singular)
gujǫ (instrumental singular)
gujama (dual instrumental)
gujami (instrumental plural)
guji (locative singular)
guju (dual locative)
gujasъ (locative plural)
gujaxъ (locative plural)
guje (singular vocative)
guji (dual vocative)
guję̇ (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: гу́я (gúja, “snake”)

Serbo-Croatian:

desc

Cyrillic script: гу́ја (“snake, helminth”)

Latin script: gúja

West Slavic:

Czech: dial. huja (“gut, intestine, bowel; sausage”) (> hujec (“pig stomach stuffed with minced meat”))


daviti

dāvìti (canonical imperfective)
b (accent-paradigm)
davľenьje (noun-from-verb)
daviti (infinitive)
davitъ (supine)
davilъ (l-participle)
b (accent-paradigm)
davľenъ (participle passive past)
davimъ (participle passive present)
davľь (active participle past)
davę (active participle present)
b (accent-paradigm)
davixъ (aorist first-person singular)
davi (aorist second-person singular)
davi (aorist singular third-person)
davľǫ (first-person present singular)
daviši (present second-person singular)
davitь (present singular third-person)
davixově (aorist dual first-person)
davista (aorist dual second-person)
daviste (aorist dual third-person)
davivě (dual first-person present)
davita (dual present second-person)
davite (dual present third-person)
davixomъ (aorist first-person plural)
daviste (aorist plural second-person)
davišę (aorist plural third-person)
davimъ (first-person plural present)
davite (plural present second-person)
davętь (plural present third-person)
davľaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
davľaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
davľaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
davi (imperative second-person singular)
davi (imperative singular third-person)
davľaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
davľaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
davľaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
davivě (dual first-person imperative)
davita (dual imperative second-person)
davľaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
davľaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
davľaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
davimъ (first-person imperative plural)
davite (imperative plural second-person)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: дави́ти (davíti)

Old Ruthenian: дави́ти (davíti)

Belarusian: даві́ць (davícʹ)

Ukrainian: дави́ти (davýty)

Russian: дави́ть (davítʹ)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: давити (daviti)

Glagolitic script: ⰴⰰⰲⰺⱅⰺ (daviti)

Bulgarian: да́вя (dávja)

Macedonian: дави (davi)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: да́вити

Latin script: dáviti

Slovene: dáviti (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: dláviti

Czech: dávit

Polabian: dovĕt

Old Polish: dawić

Polish: dławić

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: dławic

Old Slovak:

Pannonian Rusyn: давиц (davic)

Slovak: dáviť, dláviť

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: dawić, dajić

Lower Sorbian: dawiś, dajiś

* Uhlenbeck, Miklosič, Vasmer: Cognate with Proto-Germanic *dawjaną (“to die”), Latin fūnus (“death”), Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬎𐬎- (dauu-, “to crush, to oppress”) (attested as 𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬛𐬍 (duuaidī, 1 du. past middle)). Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dʰōh₂w- + *-iti, from *dʰeh₂w- (per Derksen); elsewhere reconstructed as *dʰew- (“to die”). Further akin to Ancient Greek Ζεὺς θαύλιος (Zeùs thaúlios, “Zeus the strangler? (Phrygian god)”), Phrygian δάος (dáos, “wolf”).
* Less likely from Proto-Indo-European *dew- (“to plunge, to deplete”), with cognates Ancient Greek δύω (dúō, “to sink”), δέω (déō, “to lack”), Proto-West Germanic *teuʀōn (“to cease, to tire”).
Most West Slavic languages have intruded an unetymological *-l- to the onset of the root, probably influenced by the reflexes of Proto-Slavic *dolbiti (“to carve”).

cog

Ζεὺς θαύλιος

cog

(transitive) to throttle, to suffocate, to strangle


tryti

tryjenьje (noun-from-verb)
tryti (infinitive)
trytъ (supine)
trylъ (l-participle)
tryjenъ (participle passive past)
tryjemъ (participle passive present)
tryvъ (active participle past)
tryję (active participle present)
tryxъ (aorist first-person singular)
try (aorist second-person singular)
try (aorist singular third-person)
tryjǫ (first-person present singular)
tryješi (present second-person singular)
tryjetь (present singular third-person)
tryxově (aorist dual first-person)
trysta (aorist dual second-person)
tryste (aorist dual third-person)
tryjevě (dual first-person present)
tryjeta (dual present second-person)
tryjete (dual present third-person)
tryxomъ (aorist first-person plural)
tryste (aorist plural second-person)
tryšę (aorist plural third-person)
tryjemъ (first-person plural present)
tryjete (plural present second-person)
tryjǫtь (plural present third-person)
tryjaaxъ (first-person imperfect singular)
tryjaaše (imperfect second-person singular)
tryjaaše (imperfect singular third-person)
tryji (imperative second-person singular)
tryji (imperative singular third-person)
tryjaaxově (dual first-person imperfect)
tryjaašeta (dual imperfect second-person)
tryjaašete (dual imperfect third-person)
tryjivě (dual first-person imperative)
tryjita (dual imperative second-person)
tryjaaxomъ (first-person imperfect plural)
tryjaašete (imperfect plural second-person)
tryjaaxǫ (imperfect plural third-person)
tryjimъ (first-person imperative plural)
tryjite (imperative plural second-person)

Church Slavonic: трꙑти (tryti) (Serbian)

East Slavic:

Middle Russian: трыти (tryti) (15th century)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: три́я (tríja)

Macedonian: трие (trie)

From Proto-Indo-European *truH-, from *trewH-. Cognate with Ancient Greek τρύω (trúō, “use up”). See *trāvìti for more discussion.


trěva

trě̄và (canonical feminine)
b (accent-paradigm)
trě̄và (nominative singular)
trě̃vě (dual nominative)
trě̄vỳ (nominative plural)
trě̄vỳ (genitive singular)
trě̄vù (dual genitive)
trě̃vъ (genitive plural)
trě̄vě̀ (dative singular)
trě̄vàma (dative dual)
trě̄vàmъ (dative plural)
trě̄vǫ̀ (accusative singular)
trě̃vě (accusative dual)
trě̄vỳ (accusative plural)
trě̄vòjǫ (instrumental singular)
trě̃vǫ (instrumental singular)
trě̄vàma (dual instrumental)
trě̄vàmī (instrumental plural)
trě̄vě̀ (locative singular)
trě̄vù (dual locative)
trě̄vàsъ (locative plural)
trě̄vàxъ (locative plural)
trěvo (singular vocative)
trě̃vě (dual vocative)
trě̄vỳ (plural vocative)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: трѣва (trěva)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: трева́ (trevá)

Macedonian: трева (treva)


lьnъ

lь̀nъ (canonical)
lь̏nъ (canonical masculine)
b (accent-paradigm)
lь̀nъ (nominative singular)
lьnà (dual nominative)
lьnì (nominative plural)
lьnà (genitive singular)
lьnù (dual genitive)
lь̀nъ (genitive plural)
lьnù (dative singular)
lьnòma (dative dual)
lьnòmъ (dative plural)
lь̀nъ (accusative singular)
lьnà (accusative dual)
lьnỳ (accusative plural)
lьnъ̀mь (instrumental singular)
lьnòmь (instrumental singular)
lьnòma (dual instrumental)
lь̀ny (instrumental plural)
lьně̀ (locative singular)
lьnù (dual locative)
lь̀něxъ (locative plural)
lьne (singular vocative)
lьnà (dual vocative)
lьnì (plural vocative)
c (accent-paradigm)
lь̏nъ (nominative singular)
lь̏na (dual nominative)
lь̏ni (nominative plural)
lь̏na (genitive singular)
lьnù (dual genitive)
lь̀nъ (genitive plural)
lь̏nu (dative singular)
lьnomà (dative dual)
lьnòmъ (dative plural)
lь̏nъ (accusative singular)
lь̏na (accusative dual)
lь̏ny (accusative plural)
lь̏nъmь (instrumental singular)
lь̏nomь (instrumental singular)
lьnomà (dual instrumental)
lьný (instrumental plural)
lь̏ně (locative singular)
lьnù (dual locative)
lьně̃xъ (locative plural)
lьne (singular vocative)
lь̏na (dual vocative)
lь̏ni (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desc

Old East Slavic: льнъ (lĭnŭ), ленъ (lenŭ)

Belarusian: лён (ljon)

Russian: лён (ljon)

Ukrainian: льон (lʹon), лен (len)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: льнъ (lĭnŭ)

Glagolitic: [Term?]

Bulgarian: лен (len)

Macedonian: лен (len)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ла̏н

Latin script: lȁn

Slovene: lȃn (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: len

Czech: len

Polabian: ĺån

Polish: len

Slovak: ľan

Slovincian: len

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: len

Lower Sorbian: lan

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lína n, from Proto-Indo-European *línom (per Derksen, perhaps a non-Indo-European culture word). Baltic cognates include Lithuanian lìnas pl, Latvian lini pl, Old Prussian linno.
Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek λίνον (línon, “flax”), Latin līnum (“flax, linen”), Old Irish lín (“flax, linen, cloth”), Proto-Germanic *līną (“flax, linen”).


bezvěstь

bezvěstь (nominative singular)
bezvěsti (dual nominative)
bezvěsti (nominative plural)
bezvěsti (genitive singular)
bezvěstьju (dual genitive)
bezvěstьjь (genitive plural)
bezvěsti (dative singular)
bezvěstьma (dative dual)
bezvěstьmъ (dative plural)
bezvěstь (accusative singular)
bezvěsti (accusative dual)
bezvěsti (accusative plural)
bezvěstьjǫ (instrumental singular)
bezvěstьma (dual instrumental)
bezvěstьmi (instrumental plural)
bezvěsti (locative singular)
bezvěstьju (dual locative)
bezvěstьxъ (locative plural)
bezvěsti (singular vocative)
bezvěsti (dual vocative)
bezvěsti (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Ukrainian: бе́звість (bézvistʹ)


slověninъ

slověnъka (feminine)
slověnьskъ (adjective)
slověninъ (nominative singular)
slověnina (dual nominative)
slověne (nominative plural)
slověninъ (accusative singular)
slověnina (accusative dual)
slověni (accusative plural)
slověninа (genitive singular)
slověninu (dual genitive)
slověnъ (genitive plural)
slověnině (locative singular)
slověninu (dual locative)
slověnьxъ (locative plural)
slověninu (dative singular)
slověninoma (dative dual)
slověnьmъ (dative plural)
slověninomь (instrumental singular)
slověninoma (dual instrumental)
slověnьmi (instrumental plural)
slověnine (singular vocative)
slověnina (dual vocative)
slověne (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

desctree

Old East Slavic: словѣни́нъ (slověnínŭ)
Old Ruthenian: словꙗни́нъ (slovjanín), славꙗни́нъ (slavjanín), словѣни́нъ (slověnín)
Belarusian: славяні́н (slavjanín)
Carpathian Rusyn: Славяни́н (Slavjanýn)
Ukrainian: слов'яни́н (slovʺjanýn)
Russian: славяни́н (slavjanín), слове́н (slovén, “Ilmen Slav”), (obsolete) словяни́н (slovjanín)
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: Сла̀ве̄н
Latin script: Slàvēn

South Slavic:

desc

Church Slavonic: (Russian recension) славѧни́нъ, словени́нъ (slovenínŭ)

Bulgarian: славя́нин (slavjánin)

Macedonian: Словен (Sloven)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: Сло̀вје̄н, Сло̀ве̄н

Latin script: Slòvjēn, Slòvēn

Slovene: Slován

desc/sl-tonal

⇒ Slovene: Slovẹ́nec (“Slovene”) (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: Slověnín
Czech: Slovan

desctree

Old Polish: Słowianin
Polish: Słowianin
Silesian: Słowianin

Old Slovak: *Slovan

Slovak: Slovan

⇒ Slovak: Slovák (“Slovak”)

Pannonian Rusyn: Славян (Slavjan)

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: Słowión

⇒ Slovincian: Slôwjinc (“Slovincian”)

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: Słowjan

Upper Sorbian: Słowjan

Non-Slavic:

desc

→ Byzantine Greek: Σθλαβηνός (Sthlabēnós), Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós), Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklábos) (see there for further descendants)

From *Slovǫta (“Dnieper”) + *-ěninъ or other, similar river name, compare Russian Слуя (Sluja), Polish Sława, Sławica, Serbo-Croatian Славница／Slavnica. The suffix *-ěninъ/*-janinъ is added only to geographical/territorial terms and place names, making it hard to assume other etymologies. Further etymology unclear.
It could also derive from some place name, but such name is not attested (sometimes the hypothetical name *Slovy is mentioned), but compare Lithuanian village Šlavė́nai (phonetically identical to *slověne pl) on the river Šlavė̃.
Obsolete and other etymologies
* From *slovo (“word; speech”), literally, “man of own speech, man who speak the same language”;
* From *sluti, *slovǫ (“to express in words, to utter”), literally, “man whose language is understandable”;
* From *slava (“glory, fame”), literally, “man of a famous tribe”;
* L. Masing, A. Stender-Petersen: borrowed from unattested Germanic word for Slavic peoples, meaning “people whose language is not understandable”, from Proto-Germanic [Term?] (“to be quiet”) (compare Gothic 𐍃𐌻𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌽 (slawan)), similar to Proto-Slavic *němьcь (“Teuton, German”), from *němъ (“mute”);
* Z. Gołąb: from Proto-Indo-European *swebʰen (from *swé (“self”)), with a dissimilation of w - bʰ to l - bʰ (compare *svoboda : *sloboda) and influenced by *slovo (“word; speech”) by folk etymology;
* J. J. Mikkola: from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂wos (“people”), cognate with Ancient Greek λᾱός (lāós, “people; soldier”)

unc

unclear


bazovъ

sla-decl-adj-table

Indefinite declension of *bazovъ (hard)

Definite declension of *bazovъ (hard)

bazovъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
bazova (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
bazovo (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
bazova (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
bazovy (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
bazova (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
bazovu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
bazově (dative feminine indefinite singular)
bazovu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
bazovъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
bazovǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
bazovo (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
bazovomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
bazovojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
bazovomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
bazově (indefinite locative masculine singular)
bazově (feminine indefinite locative singular)
bazově (indefinite locative neuter singular)
bazove (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
bazovo (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
bazovo (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
bazova (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
bazově (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
bazově (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
bazovu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
bazovu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
bazovu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
bazovoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
bazovama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
bazovoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
bazova (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
bazově (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
bazově (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
bazovoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
bazovama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
bazovoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
bazovu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
bazovu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
bazovu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
bazova (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
bazově (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
bazově (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
bazovi (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
bazovy (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
bazova (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
bazovъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
bazovъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
bazovъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
bazovomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
bazovamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
bazovomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
bazovy (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
bazovy (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
bazova (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
bazovy (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
bazovami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
bazovy (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
bazověxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
bazovaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
bazověxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
bazovi (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
bazovy (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
bazova (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
bazovъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
bazovaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
bazovoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
bazovajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
bazovyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
bazovajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
bazovujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
bazověji (dative definite feminine singular)
bazovujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
bazovъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
bazovǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
bazovoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
bazovyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
bazovǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
bazovyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
bazovějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
bazověji (definite feminine locative singular)
bazovějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
bazovъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
bazovaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
bazovoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
bazovaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
bazověji (definite dual feminine nominative)
bazověji (definite dual neuter nominative)
bazovuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
bazovuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
bazovuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
bazovyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
bazovyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
bazovyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
bazovaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
bazověji (accusative definite dual feminine)
bazověji (accusative definite dual neuter)
bazovyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
bazovyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
bazovyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
bazovuju (definite dual locative masculine)
bazovuju (definite dual feminine locative)
bazovuju (definite dual locative neuter)
bazovaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
bazověji (definite dual feminine vocative)
bazověji (definite dual neuter vocative)
bazoviji (definite masculine nominative plural)
bazovyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
bazovaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
bazovъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
bazovъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
bazovъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
bazovyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
bazovyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
bazovyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
bazovyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
bazovyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
bazovaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
bazovyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
bazovyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
bazovyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
bazovyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
bazovyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
bazovyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
bazoviji (definite masculine plural vocative)
bazovyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
bazovaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

West Slavic:

Czech: bezový

Slovak: bazový

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: bazowy


bezorьnъ

Indefinite declension of *bezorьnъ (hard)

Definite declension of *bezorьnъ (hard)

bezzorьnъ (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
bezzorьna (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
bezzorьno (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
bezzorьna (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
bezzorьny (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
bezzorьna (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
bezzorьnu (dative indefinite masculine singular)
bezzorьně (dative feminine indefinite singular)
bezzorьnu (dative indefinite neuter singular)
bezzorьnъ (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
bezzorьnǫ (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
bezzorьno (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
bezzorьnomь (indefinite instrumental masculine singular)
bezzorьnojǫ (feminine indefinite instrumental singular)
bezzorьnomь (indefinite instrumental neuter singular)
bezzorьně (indefinite locative masculine singular)
bezzorьně (feminine indefinite locative singular)
bezzorьně (indefinite locative neuter singular)
bezzorьne (indefinite masculine singular vocative)
bezzorьno (feminine indefinite singular vocative)
bezzorьno (indefinite neuter singular vocative)
bezzorьna (dual indefinite masculine nominative)
bezzorьně (dual feminine indefinite nominative)
bezzorьně (dual indefinite neuter nominative)
bezzorьnu (dual genitive indefinite masculine)
bezzorьnu (dual feminine genitive indefinite)
bezzorьnu (dual genitive indefinite neuter)
bezzorьnoma (dative dual indefinite masculine)
bezzorьnama (dative dual feminine indefinite)
bezzorьnoma (dative dual indefinite neuter)
bezzorьna (accusative dual indefinite masculine)
bezzorьně (accusative dual feminine indefinite)
bezzorьně (accusative dual indefinite neuter)
bezzorьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental masculine)
bezzorьnama (dual feminine indefinite instrumental)
bezzorьnoma (dual indefinite instrumental neuter)
bezzorьnu (dual indefinite locative masculine)
bezzorьnu (dual feminine indefinite locative)
bezzorьnu (dual indefinite locative neuter)
bezzorьna (dual indefinite masculine vocative)
bezzorьně (dual feminine indefinite vocative)
bezzorьně (dual indefinite neuter vocative)
bezzorьni (indefinite masculine nominative plural)
bezzorьny (feminine indefinite nominative plural)
bezzorьna (indefinite neuter nominative plural)
bezzorьnъ (genitive indefinite masculine plural)
bezzorьnъ (feminine genitive indefinite plural)
bezzorьnъ (genitive indefinite neuter plural)
bezzorьnomъ (dative indefinite masculine plural)
bezzorьnamъ (dative feminine indefinite plural)
bezzorьnomъ (dative indefinite neuter plural)
bezzorьny (accusative indefinite masculine plural)
bezzorьny (accusative feminine indefinite plural)
bezzorьna (accusative indefinite neuter plural)
bezzorьny (indefinite instrumental masculine plural)
bezzorьnami (feminine indefinite instrumental plural)
bezzorьny (indefinite instrumental neuter plural)
bezzorьněxъ (indefinite locative masculine plural)
bezzorьnaxъ (feminine indefinite locative plural)
bezzorьněxъ (indefinite locative neuter plural)
bezzorьni (indefinite masculine plural vocative)
bezzorьny (feminine indefinite plural vocative)
bezzorьna (indefinite neuter plural vocative)
bezzorьnъjь (definite masculine nominative singular)
bezzorьnaja (definite feminine nominative singular)
bezzorьnoje (definite neuter nominative singular)
bezzorьnajego (definite genitive masculine singular)
bezzorьnyję̇ (definite feminine genitive singular)
bezzorьnajego (definite genitive neuter singular)
bezzorьnujemu (dative definite masculine singular)
bezzorьněji (dative definite feminine singular)
bezzorьnujemu (dative definite neuter singular)
bezzorьnъjь (accusative definite masculine singular)
bezzorьnǫjǫ (accusative definite feminine singular)
bezzorьnoje (accusative definite neuter singular)
bezzorьnyjimь (definite instrumental masculine singular)
bezzorьnǫjǫ (definite feminine instrumental singular)
bezzorьnyjimь (definite instrumental neuter singular)
bezzorьnějemь (definite locative masculine singular)
bezzorьněji (definite feminine locative singular)
bezzorьnějemь (definite locative neuter singular)
bezzorьnъjь (definite masculine singular vocative)
bezzorьnaja (definite feminine singular vocative)
bezzorьnoje (definite neuter singular vocative)
bezzorьnaja (definite dual masculine nominative)
bezzorьněji (definite dual feminine nominative)
bezzorьněji (definite dual neuter nominative)
bezzorьnuju (definite dual genitive masculine)
bezzorьnuju (definite dual feminine genitive)
bezzorьnuju (definite dual genitive neuter)
bezzorьnyjima (dative definite dual masculine)
bezzorьnyjima (dative definite dual feminine)
bezzorьnyjima (dative definite dual neuter)
bezzorьnaja (accusative definite dual masculine)
bezzorьněji (accusative definite dual feminine)
bezzorьněji (accusative definite dual neuter)
bezzorьnyjima (definite dual instrumental masculine)
bezzorьnyjima (definite dual feminine instrumental)
bezzorьnyjima (definite dual instrumental neuter)
bezzorьnuju (definite dual locative masculine)
bezzorьnuju (definite dual feminine locative)
bezzorьnuju (definite dual locative neuter)
bezzorьnaja (definite dual masculine vocative)
bezzorьněji (definite dual feminine vocative)
bezzorьněji (definite dual neuter vocative)
bezzorьniji (definite masculine nominative plural)
bezzorьnyję̇ (definite feminine nominative plural)
bezzorьnaja (definite neuter nominative plural)
bezzorьnъjixъ (definite genitive masculine plural)
bezzorьnъjixъ (definite feminine genitive plural)
bezzorьnъjixъ (definite genitive neuter plural)
bezzorьnyjimъ (dative definite masculine plural)
bezzorьnyjimъ (dative definite feminine plural)
bezzorьnyjimъ (dative definite neuter plural)
bezzorьnyję̇ (accusative definite masculine plural)
bezzorьnyję̇ (accusative definite feminine plural)
bezzorьnaja (accusative definite neuter plural)
bezzorьnyjimi (definite instrumental masculine plural)
bezzorьnyjimi (definite feminine instrumental plural)
bezzorьnyjimi (definite instrumental neuter plural)
bezzorьnyjixъ (definite locative masculine plural)
bezzorьnyjixъ (definite feminine locative plural)
bezzorьnyjixъ (definite locative neuter plural)
bezzorьniji (definite masculine plural vocative)
bezzorьnyję̇ (definite feminine plural vocative)
bezzorьnaja (definite neuter plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Russian: dial. бизо́рный (bizórnyj)


ǫgъrinъ

ǫgъrinъ (nominative singular)
ǫgъrina (dual nominative)
ǫgъrini (nominative plural)
ǫgъrina (genitive singular)
ǫgъrinu (dual genitive)
ǫgъrinъ (genitive plural)
ǫgъrinu (dative singular)
ǫgъrinoma (dative dual)
ǫgъrinomъ (dative plural)
ǫgъrinъ (accusative singular)
ǫgъrina (accusative dual)
ǫgъriny (accusative plural)
ǫgъrinъmь (instrumental singular)
ǫgъrinomь (instrumental singular)
ǫgъrinoma (dual instrumental)
ǫgъriny (instrumental plural)
ǫgъrině (locative singular)
ǫgъrinu (dual locative)
ǫgъriněxъ (locative plural)
ǫgъrine (singular vocative)
ǫgъrina (dual vocative)
ǫgъrini (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: угринъ (ugrinŭ)

Old Ruthenian: угринъ (uhrin)

Belarusian: у́гры pl (úhry)

desc

Ukrainian: у́грин (úhryn), у́гор (úhor), ву́гор (vúhor) (dialectal)

Russian: у́грин (úgrin) (dialectal)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: ѫгринъ (ǫgrinŭ)

Glagolitic script: ⱘⰳⱃⰻⱀⱏ (ǫgrinŭ)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: у̀грин, у̀гар

Latin script: ùgrin, ùgar

Slovene: Óger, vogər, vogrin

West Slavic:

Czech: Uher, Uhrin

Old Polish:

Polish: węgrzyn, węgier

→ Russian: венгр (vengr)

Slovak: Uhor

Sorbian:

Upper Sorbian: wuheŕ

Non-Slavic:

→ Old Lithuanian: unguras

Uncertain:
* Possibly borrowed from Bulgar 𐰆𐰍𐰔 (*oǧur-) (whence also Byzantine Greek Όνόγουροι (Ónógouroi)), the name of the Onoğurs, probably meaning "the ten tribes", from Old Turkic 𐰆𐰣 (on, “ten”) + 𐰆𐰍𐰔 (oɣuz, “tribe”) (see the Wikipedia article on Onoğurs).
* Alternatively borrowed from an early stage of Proto-Permic (whence Komi-Zyrian йӧгра (jögra)), with the loss of an initial j- (*jǫgъrinъ > *ǫgъrinъ). The initial consonant is seen in the Old East Slavic form югра (jugra). It is argued that it is improbable that this term was borrowed as late as the 7th century, considering the much earlier arrival of the Hungarians.


žьrny

žь̀rny (canonical feminine)
a (accent-paradigm)
žь̀rny (nominative singular)
žь̀rnъvi (dual nominative)
žь̀rnъvi (nominative plural)
žь̀rnъve (genitive singular)
žь̀rnъvu (dual genitive)
žь̀rnъvъ (genitive plural)
žь̀rnъvi (dative singular)
žь̀rnъvьma (dative dual)
žь̀rnъvama (dative dual)
žь̀rnъvьmъ (dative plural)
žь̀rnъvamъ (dative plural)
žь̀rnъvь (accusative singular)
žь̀rnъvi (accusative dual)
žь̀rnъvi (accusative plural)
žь̀rnъvьjǫ (instrumental singular)
žь̀rnъvľǭ (instrumental singular)
žь̀rnъvьma (dual instrumental)
žь̀rnъvama (dual instrumental)
žь̀rnъvьmī (instrumental plural)
žь̀rnъvamī (instrumental plural)
žь̀rnъve (locative singular)
žь̀rnъvu (dual locative)
žь̀rnъvьxъ (locative plural)
žь̀rnъvaxъ (locative plural)
žь̀rny (singular vocative)
žь̀rnъvi (dual vocative)
žь̀rnъvi (plural vocative)

East Slavic:

Belarusian: жо́рны pl (žórny)

Russian: жёрнов (žórnov)

Ukrainian: жо́рна (žórna)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Old Cyrillic script: жрьнꙑ (žrĭny)

Glagolitic script: ⰶⱃⱐⱀⱏⰹ (žrĭny)

Bulgarian: же́рка (žérka) (archaic, dialectal)

Macedonian:

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: жр̑вањ

Latin script: žrvanj

Slovene: žȓnǝv (tonal orthography) (gen. žȓnve)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: žrnov

Czech: žernov

Moravian (Mistřice): žrnof

Slovak: žarnov

Old Polish: żarnów
Polish: żarna

Slovincian: żarna n pl

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gírˀnūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥h₂-núH-s, from *gʷréh₂wō.