wajkkə

Nganasan: бакәз̌әә (bakəðəə)

Enets:

Forest Enets: бяк (bjak)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: веˮк (wyeqk)

Tundra Nenets: ик (yik°)

Proto-Selkup: *qwe̮q- (“shoulder”)

Northern Selkup: ӄәӄты пө̄ры (qəqty på̄ry) (with пө̄ры (på̄ry, “top”))

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄватпа̄р (qwatpār), кӧтпа́р (kötpár) (with пар (par, “top”))

Upper Ob: куакта (kuakta)

Kamassian: байкә (bajkə)

Koibal: байга (bajga)

Mator: бӧйкӧ (böjkö), бӱйкӱ (büjkü)

Possibly from Proto-Uralic *wolka (“shoulder”).


wajŋ

Proto-Selkup: *kwe̮jə

Northern Selkup: кәйы (kəjy)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: гвэй (gwej), ӷвэй (ģwej), ӄвэй (qwej)

Upper Ob: куай (kuaj)

Kamassian: майә (majə)

Mator: мӧйӱх (möjüh)

Nganasan: бачуˮ (bačuʔ)

Enets:

Forest Enets: беды (bedi)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: индˮ (yind)


wasɜjə

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: вешай (wyešay)

Tundra Nenets: есей (yesyey°)

Proto-Selkup: *kwe̮sä

Northern Selkup: кә̄са

Southern Selkup:

Ket: квӭссэ

Kamassian: базай (bazaj, “iron (adj.)”)


wåə-

Nganasan: буодя (buodja)

Enets:

⇒ Forest Enets: батучь (batuč')

Nenets:

⇒ Forest Nenets: вахаԓьш (waxałʹš)

Tundra Nenets: вась (wasʹ°)


wåətå

Nganasan: буоз̌у (buoðu)

Enets:

Forest Enets: база (baza)

Tundra Enets: база (baza)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: ва̄та (wāta)

Tundra Nenets: вада (wada)

Mator: бада (bada)


wålä

Nganasan: бәлы (bəlɨ)

Enets:

Forest Enets: бари (bari)


wålɜ-

Nganasan: бәлуо (bəluo)

Enets:

Forest Enets: бари (bari)


wåləjm-

Enets:

Forest Enets: барудь (barud')

Mator: бӓлим- (bälim-)


wåncɜ

Nganasan: бәнту (bəntu), бәнтуо (bəntuo)

Enets:

Forest Enets: баду (badu)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: вану (wanu)

Tundra Nenets: вано (wano)

Proto-Selkup: *končə

Northern Selkup: конты (konty)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄонҗ (qonǯ)

Upper Ob: куодж (kuodž)

Kamassian: мона (mona)

Koibal: мина (mina)

Mator: мондох (mondoh)


wåncɜ-

Proto-Selkup: *kwe̮nčə-

Northern Selkup: кәнталӄо (kəntalqo)

Southern Selkup:

Vasyugan: ӄвынҗыгу (qwynǯygu)

Kamassian: манәʼзьәт (manəʔźət)

Koibal: манаб- (manab-)

Mator: мандәл- (mandəl-)


wåŋkə

Nganasan: бәӈкә (bəŋkə, “dugout”)

Enets:

Forest Enets: баг (bag)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: ваӈк (waŋk)

Tundra Nenets: ваӈг (waŋg°)

Proto-Selkup: *qōŋqa

Southern Selkup:

Upper Ob: куокка (kuokka)


wåptå-

Nganasan: бәбтудя (bəbtudja)

Enets:

Forest Enets: батаҫь (bataš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: ва̄пта̄ш (wāptāš)

Tundra Nenets: вабтась (wabtasʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *koptə-, *koptərə- (“to sink”)

Northern Selkup: ӄоптыӄо (qoptyqo), ӄоптырыӄо (qoptyryqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ко́птэргу (kóptergu)

Kamassian: баʼбдәзьәт (baʔbdəźət)

Mator: бахтә- (bahtə-)


wårə

Nganasan: бәрә (bərə)

Enets:

Forest Enets: бар (bar)

Nenets:

desc

⇒ Forest Nenets: ваԓы (wałi, “last, final”)

Tundra Nenets: вар (war°)

Proto-Selkup: *kūrə

Northern Selkup: кӯры


wåtå-

Nganasan: бәтудя (bətudja)

Enets:

Forest Enets: базегуҫь (bazeguš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: вата̄ш (watāš)

Tundra Nenets: вадась (wadasʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *kwe̮tə-

Northern Selkup: кә̄тыӄо

Southern Selkup:

Upper Ob: куэдэгу (kuedegu)

Kamassian: будзьәт (budźət)

Koibal: бид- (bid-)

Mator: бадә- (badə-)

Uncertain. Possibly an early borrowing from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hwakš-.


wåtɜ-

Nganasan: бәз̌иә (bəðiə)

Enets:

Forest Enets: бази (bazi)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: вачиˮшат (waćyiqšat)

Tundra Nenets: вадисей (wadyisyey°)

Proto-Selkup: *kwe̮təkä

Northern Selkup: кә̄тыкӓ

Southern Selkup:

Narym: квэ́дэл (kwédel)

Mator: бӓди (bädi)


wäŋ-

Enets:

⇒ Forest Enets: беды (bedi, “current”)

Nenets:

⇒ Forest Nenets: вент (wyent, “current”)

⇒ Tundra Nenets: ендˮ (yend, “current”)

Proto-Selkup: *kǖŋ-

кӱӈылтымпыӄо

Northern Selkup: кӱӈылтымпыӄо (küŋyltympyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Ket: кӱӈгу (küŋgu)

Kamassian: мьаӈзьәт (ḿaŋźət)

Koibal: мьаӈ- (ḿaŋ-)


wäŋkå

Enets:

Forest Enets: бԑга (bɛga)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: веӈка (wyeŋka)

Tundra Nenets: еӈга (yeŋga)

Proto-Selkup: *qwe̮ŋqə

Northern Selkup: ӄәӄӄы (qəqqy)

>? Mator: мэӈгәл (me̮ŋgəl)


wätö

Nganasan: бетуˮ (bjetuʔ)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: едё (yedyo)

>? Proto-Selkup: *kätə

Northern Selkup: кеты (kjety)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄӓд (q’ad), кяд (kjad)

Upper Ob: киед (kijed)

Kamassian: бедӧ (bedö)

Koibal: бадӧ (badö)

Mator: бедӱх (bedüh), бедӧх (bedöh)


wëńɜ

>? Nganasan: быˮә (bɨʔə)

Enets:

Forest Enets: буй (buj)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: выди (widyi)

Proto-Selkup: *ke̮ńə

Northern Selkup: кеньы (kjenjy)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: кай (kaj), ка̄й (kāj)

Upper Ob: кэй (kej)

Kamassian: мәйе (məje)

Koibal: мийӓ (mijä, “gruel”)

Mator: мэйэ (me̮je̮)


wï-

Enets:

Forest Enets: буйсаҫь (bujsaš'), буйрагуҫь (bujraguš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: выдяԓьш (widyałʹš)

Tundra Nenets: выярць (wiyarcʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *kī̮-

Northern Selkup: кынтыӄо (kyntyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Upper Ob: кыгу (kygu)

>? Mator: муйубтә (mujubtə-)


wenä

Nganasan: быны (bɨnɨ)

Enets:

Forest Enets: бинэ (bine)

Tundra Enets: бинэ (bine)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: видя (wyidya)

Tundra Nenets: иня (yinya)

Proto-Selkup: *ǖnə

Northern Selkup: ӱ̄ны (ǖny)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӱ̄нэ (ǖne)

Upper Ob: іін (üün)

Kamassian: мәне (məne)

Koibal: минӓ (minä)

Mator: мине (mine)

Uncertain. Perhaps related to Proto-Finno-Permic *wene- (“to stretch”), whence Finnish venyä.


wetɜ-

Nganasan: бытыди (bɨtɨdji)

Enets:

⇒ Forest Enets: бизилтаҫь (biziltaš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: вичеш (wyićyeš)

Tundra Nenets: ӣдесь (yīdyesʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *ütə-

Northern Selkup: ӱтыӄо (ütyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӱдэгу́ (üdegú)

Upper Ob: ітку (ütku)

Kamassian: бәтзьәт (bətźət), бӱтзьәт (bütźət)

Koibal: бит- (bit-), бӱт- (büt-)

desc

⇒ Mator: бӱдӱнджӱх- (büdünǯüh-, “to thirst”)


wetɜr-

Nganasan: быз̌ырсы (bɨðɨrsɨ)

Enets:

Forest Enets: бизичь (bizič')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: вичаԓьш (wyićałʹš)

Tundra Nenets: идарць (yidarcʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *ütər-

Northern Selkup: ӱтырӄо (ütyrqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӱдэргу́ (üdergú)

Upper Ob: іодэргу (üodergu)

Kamassian: бӱдӱрзьәт (büdürźət, “to thirst”)


wiŋü

Nganasan: биӈи (biŋi)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: вий (wyiy)

Tundra Nenets: ий (yiy°)

>? Kamassian: малми (malmi)

Koibal: маӈме (maŋme)

Mator: мийӱх (mijüh)

Likely from Proto-Uralic *wäŋew, although the correspondence of the first vowel is irregular.


wiŋkəncä

>? Nganasan: бинтіˮси (bintiʔsi)

Enets:

Forest Enets: бигуди (bigudji)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: виӈкни (wyiŋknyi)

Tundra Nenets: иӈгней (yiŋgnyey°)

Proto-Selkup: *üŋkənčə

Northern Selkup: ӱӈӈынтыӈ (üŋŋyntyŋ), ӱӈӈынтык (üŋŋyntyk), ӱӈӈынты (üŋŋynty)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӱ́нгэнҗ (ǘngenǯ), ӱ́нгонҗ (ǘngonǯ)

Kamassian: мәӈни (məŋni)

Koibal: муӈне (muŋne)

>? Mator: хӧӈгритӓ (höŋgritä), хӱӈгӱртӓ (hüŋgürtä)


woə

Nganasan: ӈүай (ŋüaj)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: ӈо (ŋo)

Tundra Nenets: ӈо (ŋo)

Proto-Selkup: *ko (in compounds)

Southern Selkup:

Vasyugan: коллага (kollaga)

Narym: олго́ (olgó), улго́ (ulgó)

Mator: о (o)


wotɜ

Nganasan: ӈута (ŋuta)

Enets:

Forest Enets: ози (ozi)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: ӈоча (ŋoća)

Tundra Nenets: ӈодя (ŋodya)

Proto-Selkup: *kōtə (“blueberry”)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: код (kod)

Upper Ob: куод (kuod)

Possibly from Proto-Uralic *osa, whence Proto-Permic *ozi (“strawberry”).


səmå

Nganasan: сәму (səmu)

Enets:

Forest Enets: сой (soj)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: хама (xama), хамма (xamma)

Tundra Nenets: сӑва (săwa)


somå

⇒ Nganasan: сумугуо (lucky, fortunate)

Enets:

⇒ Forest Enets: сойза (sojza, sɔjza)

⇒ Tundra Enets: соэза (soeza, sɔeza)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: хома (xoma)

Tundra Nenets: сӑва (săwa)

Proto-Selkup: *soma

Northern Selkup: сома (soma)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: хва (xwa), фа (fa), фā (fā)

Upper Ob: суо (suo)

Possibly from Proto-Uralic *ćoma. Compare Proto-Finnic *coma (“suitable; pleasant”).


sårå-

Nganasan: сорудя (sorudja)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: ха̄ԓаш (xāłaš)

Proto-Selkup: *swe̮rə-, *sōrə-

Northern Selkup: сә̄рыӄо

Southern Selkup:

Narym: фэ́ргу (férgu)

Upper Ob: соорогу (soorogu)


sårö

⇒ Nganasan: соруа (sorua)

Enets:

Forest Enets: сари (sari)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: хаԓю (xałyu)

Tundra Nenets: сарё (saryo)

⇒ Kamassian: сурно (surno)

⇒ Koibal: суруно (suruno)

Mator: сӧрӱх (sörüh), сӱрӱх (sürüh)


såjə-

⇒ Nganasan: соуру (souru, “warrior”)

Enets:

Forest Enets: сайдучь (sajduč')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: хайноԓьш (xaynołʹš)

Tundra Nenets: сайнорць (saynorcʹ°)


såjmå

Nganasan: соймү (sojmü)

Proto-Selkup: *sǖmə

Northern Selkup: сӱмы (sümy)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: хӧв (xöw, “voice”)


säjʔwə

Nganasan: сяйбә (sjajbə)

Enets:

Forest Enets: сԑу (sɛu)

Tundra Enets: сэʼо (seʔo, seʔɔ)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: шеˮв (šyeqw), шеˮэв (šyeqew)

Tundra Nenets: сӣˮив (syīqyiw°)

Proto-Selkup: *sēľťə

Northern Selkup: сельчы (sjeljćy)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: хельҗь (xjel’ǯ’)

Upper Ob: сиэлдь (sield’)

Kamassian: сейʼбӱ (sejʔbü)

Koibal: сейгбе (sejgbe)

Mator: кейʼбе (kejʔbe), кейʼбӱ (kejʔbü)

From Proto-Uralic *ćäjćemä, with an irregular reduction of *m to *w.


səlcə

Nganasan: сәлтә (səltə)

Enets:

Forest Enets: соре (sore)

Nenets:

⇒ Tundra Nenets: сӑлик (sălyik°)

Proto-Selkup: *salčə

Northern Selkup: салты (salty)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: хāлҗ (xālǯ)

Upper Ob: салдж (saldž)

Kamassian: сәллье (səlĺe)

Mator: салда (salda)


səŋə-

Nganasan: сәӈүрся (səŋürsja)

Enets:

⇒ Forest Enets: соо (soo, “sight”)

Tundra Enets: сооше (sooše, sɔɔše)

Nenets:

⇒ Forest Nenets: хаӈо (xaŋo), хаӈу (xaŋu, “gaze; sight”)

desc

⇒ Tundra Nenets: саӈо (saŋo, “gaze; sight”)

>? Proto-Selkup: *saŋa- (“to taste, try”)

Northern Selkup: саӈаӄо (saŋaqo)


səpå-

Nganasan: сәбуˮса (səbuʔsa)

Enets:

Forest Enets: собучь (sobuč')

Nenets:

>? Forest Nenets: хапкаш (xapkaš, “to dig up”)

>? Tundra Nenets: сӑбкась (săbkasʹ°, “to dig up”)

Proto-Selkup: *sapəť-

Northern Selkup: сапышӄо (sapyšqo)

Southern Selkup:

Ket: сабыску (sabysku)

Kamassian: сәбәʼзьәт (səbəʔźət)

Koibal: сабит- (sabit-)


sərpä

Enets:

Forest Enets: собе (sobe)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: хаԓьпя (xałʹpya)

Tundra Nenets: сӑрпя (sărpya)

Proto-Selkup: *sarpə

Northern Selkup: сарпы (sarpy)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: харб (xarb)


saə

Nganasan: саа (saa)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: ше (šye)

⇒ Tundra Nenets: сеˮ (syeq)

Proto-Selkup: *sā

>? Northern Selkup: сө̄ (så̄, “sulphur”)

Southern Selkup:

Upper Ob: саа (saa)

Kamassian: са (sa)


sac-

Proto-Selkup: *sāčə-

Northern Selkup: сө̄тыӄо (så̄tyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ха̄җэгу (xāǯegu)

Upper Ob: саажгу (saažgu)

>? Kamassian: сада (sada, “beaver”)

>? Koibal: саде (sade, “beaver”)

>? Mator: сӓдӓ (sädä, “beaver”)

Nganasan: сакәләса (sakələsa)

Enets:

Forest Enets: сԑкруҫь (sɛkruš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: шаʼкаԓьш (šahkałʹš)

Tundra Nenets: сякӑлць (syakălcʹ°)


sanə-

Nganasan: санәˮкәса (sanəʔkəsa)

Enets:

Forest Enets: сԑнкучь (sɛnkuč')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: шанаˮкош (šanaqkoš)

Tundra Nenets: сянакось (syanakosʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *sānčər-

Northern Selkup: сө̄нтырӄо (så̄ntyrqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ха́нҗэргу (xánǯergu)

Upper Ob: сааджэргу (saadžergu)

Koibal: сина- (sina-)


sanəjr-

Nganasan: санірся (sanirsja)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: шанӭԓьш (šanäłʹš, “to run fast; to frolic”)

Tundra Nenets: сянэрць (syanercʹ°, “to hop”)

Mator: сӓнәр- (sänər-)


sanəj

Nganasan: сані (sani)

Enets:

Forest Enets: сԑны (sɛni, “checker”)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: сянэˮ (syaneq, “chess; checkers”)

Proto-Selkup: *sānə

Southern Selkup:

Upper Ob: саан (saan)

Mator: сӓне (säne)


sarə-

Nganasan: сарәдя (sarədja)

Enets:

Forest Enets: сԑруҫь (sɛruš')

Tundra Enets: сэроше (seroše)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: шаԓаш (šałaš)

Tundra Nenets: сярӑсь (syarăsʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *sārə-

Northern Selkup: сө̄рыӄо (så̄ryqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: харгу́ (xargú)

Upper Ob: саарэгу (saaregu)

Kamassian: сарзьәт (sarźət)

Koibal: сар- (sar-)

Mator: сӓр- (sär-)


såjtə-

Nganasan: сочедя (sočjedja)

Enets:

Forest Enets: созодь (sozod')

Tundra Enets: сазуде (sazudje)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: хӭташ (xätaš)

Tundra Nenets: сэдӑсь (sedăsʹ°)

>? Proto-Selkup: *sǖt-, *šǖt-

Northern Selkup: сӱтӄо (sütqo), шӱтӄо (šütqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: фӧ́тку (fö́tku)

>? Kamassian: шӱʼзьәт (šüʔźət)

>? Koibal: сод- (sod-) [= ? сӧд- (söd-)]

Mator: сӓштә- (säštə-)


såjtor-

Nganasan: сочурәса (sočurəsa)

Enets:

Forest Enets: созочь (sozoč'), созоруҫь (sozoruš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: хайтуԓаш (xaytułaš)

Tundra Nenets: сэдорць (sedorcʹ°), сэдорӑсь (sedorăsʹ°)

>? Proto-Selkup: *sǖtər-, *šǖtər-

Northern Selkup: шӱтырӄо (šütyrqo)

Southern Selkup:

Upper Ob: сіодрэгу (süodregu)

>? Kamassian: шӱдӧрдәзьәт (šüdördəźət)


såjtoń

Enets:

Forest Enets: созоо (sozoo)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: хӭтуӈ (xätuŋ), хайтуӈ (xaytuŋ)

Tundra Nenets: сэдо’ (sedo’)

>? Proto-Selkup: *sǖtəń, *šǖtəń

Northern Selkup: сӱттынь (süttynj), шӱтынь (šütynj)


sålə-

⇒ Nganasan: солә (solə, “brightness”)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: салъясь (salʺyasʹ°)

Mator: салә- (salə-)

From Proto-Uralic *śala-. Compare Finnish salama (“lightning, bolt”).


såmpə-

Enets:

Forest Enets: сабузичь (sabuzič')

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: самбӑсь (sambăsʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *sompə-, *sūmpə-

Northern Selkup: сомпыӄо (sompyqo), сомпырӄо (sompyrqo), сӯмпыӄо

Southern Selkup:

Narym: хо́мҗэргу (xómǯergu)

Upper Ob: соббэргу (sobbergu)

Kamassian: самозьәт (samoźət)


sårmå

Enets:

Forest Enets: сама (sama)

Nenets:

⇒? Forest Nenets: хыльмик (xilʹmyik, “sable”)

⇒ Tundra Nenets: сармик (sarmyik°, “wild animal; wolf”)

Proto-Selkup: *sūrəm

Northern Selkup: сӯрым, сӯрып, сӯры

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ху́руп (xúrup), ху́рэп (xúrep), ху́рып (xúryp)

Upper Ob: суурэм (suurem)

Mator: сарма (sarma, “hazel grouse”)


sårmå

Enets:

Forest Enets: сама (sama, “chimney”)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: хаԓва (xałwa)

Tundra Nenets: сарва (sarwa)

Mator: сарма (sarma, “window”)


säc-

>? Nganasan: сетәди (sjetədji, “to load”)

Proto-Selkup: *se̮čəm

Northern Selkup: сәттып (səttyp), сәттым (səttym)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: хаҷме́л

Kamassian: седем (sedem)

Koibal: седе (sede) [= ? седем (sedem)]

Enets:

Forest Enets: сэʼиҫь (seʔiš', “to be heavy, difficult”)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: шеˮмна (šyeqmna)

Mator: *кеʼмә- (*keʔmə-) (in the present participle кемәндӓ (keməndä))


sëjə-

Nganasan: сыәдя (sɨədja)

Enets:

Forest Enets: сыяҫь (sijaš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: хэдяш (xedyaš)

Tundra Nenets: сэ̇я̆сь (sėyăsʹ°)

Mator: сэйә- (se̮jə-)


sërå

Nganasan: сыру (sɨru)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: хэԓԓа (xełła)

Tundra Nenets: сэ̇ра (sėra)

Kamassian: сери (seri)


sïrå

Nganasan: сирү (sirü), сюрү (sjurü)

Enets:

Forest Enets: сыра (sira)

Tundra Enets: сыра (sira)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: хыԓа (xiła)

Tundra Nenets: сыра (sira)

Proto-Selkup: *si̮rə

Northern Selkup: сыры (syry)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: хэр (xer)

Upper Ob: сэр (ser)

Kamassian: сәре (səre)

Koibal: сира (sira)

Mator: сирӓ (sirä)

Probably related to *sër (“ice; salt; white”). See there for more.


sojå-

Enets:

Forest Enets: сояҫь (sojaš')

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: соясь (soyasʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *soťə- (“to grow up”)

Northern Selkup: сочыӄо (soćyqo), со̄чыӄо (sōćyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: хоҗе́шпэгу (xoǯjéšpegu)

Kamassian: сӱйзьәт (süjźət)

Koibal: суй- (suj-)

Mator: сойә- (sojə-)


sujɜ-

Enets:

Forest Enets: суюпи (sujupi)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: хуюмʼ (xuyumh)

Tundra Nenets: суик (suyik°)

Kamassian: сӱйәӈ (süjəŋ)

Mator: суйум (sujum)


sumpə

Nganasan: суӈхыˮә (suŋxɨʔə)

Enets:

Forest Enets: ҫуб (šub, “spine”)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: сюмб (syumb°, “butt, blunt part (of a tool)”)

Proto-Selkup: *sumpa

Southern Selkup:

Upper Ob: субба (subba)


sünsə

Nganasan: синсе (sinsje)

Nenets:

>? Tundra Nenets: сюнз (syunz°, “lastborn, youngest child”)

Mator: кӱнджӱ (künǯü)

From Proto-Uralic *ćüńćä. Compare Northern Sami čižži, Hungarian szügy.


tëə

Nganasan: таа (taa)

Enets:

Forest Enets: тэ (te)

Tundra Enets: тэа (tea)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: ты (ti)

Tundra Nenets: ты (ti)

>? Proto-Selkup: *-tä (in *ātä)

Northern Selkup: ӓ̄тӓ (ǟtä), ө̄тӓ (å̄tä)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: а́штэ (ášte)

Upper Ob: эатте (eattje)

Kamassian: тхо (tʰo)

Mator: тэгӓ (te̮gä)

Uncertain. Kamassian may point to an original *-w- in Pre-Proto-Samoyedic. If so, a connection with Proto-Turkic *tebe (“camel”) ("deer" in North Siberian Turkic) is possible.


cënsə

Nganasan: тансә (tansə)

Enets:

Forest Enets: тыс (tis)

Nenets:

>? Forest Nenets: тэмс (tems)

Tundra Nenets: тэ̇нз (tėnz°)

Proto-Selkup: *če̮šə

Southern Selkup:

Tym: чаҗат (čaǯat)

Upper Ob: таж (taž)

Uncertain. Has been compared with Eastern Mari шочаш (šočaš), Komi-Zyrian чужны (ćužny, “to be born”), and Northern Mansi сосса (sossa, “homeland”), but the correspondence is irregular.


låttɜ

Nganasan: лочу (loču, “floor”)

Enets:

Forest Enets: лата (lata)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: ԓаˮта (łaqta, “floor”)

Tundra Nenets: лата (lata)


nïkɜ

Nganasan: никә (njikə)

Enets:

Forest Enets: ныху (nihu)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: нэхэ (nexe)

Tundra Nenets: ныхы (nixi)


tənä

Nganasan: тәні (təni, “thither”)

Enets:

desc

Forest Enets: тонын (tonin, tɔnin, “there”), тоныʼ (toniʔ, tɔniʔ, “thither”)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: тӑняна (tănyana, “there”), тӑняӈ (tănyaŋ, “thither”)

Tundra Nenets: тӑняна (tănyana, “there”), тӑняʼ (tănyah, “thither”)

Mator: тана (tana)


tənä-

Nganasan: тәнійся (tənijsja)

Enets:

Forest Enets: тонээҫь (toneeš', tɔneeš')

Tundra Enets: тонэаше (toneaše, tɔneaše)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: тӑнясь (tănyasʹ°)


tər-

Nganasan: тәрәди (tərədji)

Enets:

Forest Enets: торь (tor', tɔr'), торси (torsi, tɔrsi)

Tundra Enets: торой (toroj, tɔroj)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: таԓям (tałyam), тӑԓьша̄ (tăłʹšā)

Tundra Nenets: таремʼ (taryem), тӑрця (tărcya)

Proto-Selkup: *tarä

Northern Selkup: тарä (tarä)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: таре́ (tarjé)

Kamassian: дәргит (dərgit)

Koibal: диргет (dirget)

Mator: тирге (tirge)


tåjwɜ-

Nganasan: тойбуса (tojbusa)

Enets:

Forest Enets: тооҫь (tooš', tɔɔš')

Tundra Enets: тааше (taaše)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: тӭваш (täwaš), тайвӑш (taywăš)

Tundra Nenets: тэвӑсь (tewăsʹ°)

>? Proto-Selkup: *toľťə (“ski”)

Northern Selkup: тольчы (toljćy)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тольҗь (tol’ǯ’)

Upper Ob: толдь (told’)

Kamassian: тхузьәт (tʰuźət)

Mator: тайбә- (tajbə-)

From Proto-Uralic *talwa-. Cognate with Proto-Samic *toalvōtēk.


tärə

Nganasan: черә (čjerə)

Enets:

Forest Enets: тԑр (tɛr)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: чеԓ (ćyeł)

Tundra Nenets: тер (tyer°)

Proto-Selkup: *tīrə

Northern Selkup: ті̄рыль

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тир (tir)

Upper Ob: тиир (tiir)


tuə

>? Nganasan: чуо (čuo)

Enets:

Forest Enets: то (to)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: то (to)

Tundra Nenets: то (to)

Proto-Selkup: *tū

Northern Selkup: тӯ (tū)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тӯ (tū)

Upper Ob: туу (tuu)

Mator: ту (tu), туга (tuga)


tumtə-

Nganasan: тумтәдя (tumtədja, “to remember”)

Enets:

Forest Enets: тудуҫь (tuduš')

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: тумдӑсь (tumdăsʹ°)

Kamassian: тхәмнезьәт (tʰəmneźət)

Koibal: тимне- (timne-)

Mator: тумдә- (tumdə-)


toj-

Nganasan: туйся (tujsja)

Enets:

Forest Enets: тоҫь (toš')

Tundra Enets: тоше (toše)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: тош (toš)

Tundra Nenets: тось (tosʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *tǖ-

Northern Selkup: тӱӄо (tüqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тӧ́гу (tö́gu)

Upper Ob: тіігу (tüügu)

Kamassian: шозьәт (šoźət)

Koibal: со- (so-)

Mator: той- (toj-)


tårɜ-

Nganasan: тораса (torasa)

Enets:

Forest Enets: таручь (taruč')

Tundra Enets: таруче (taruče)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: тароць (tarocʹ°)

Mator: торо- (toro-)


təjwå

Nganasan: тәйбу (təjbu)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: тайва (taywa)

Tundra Nenets: тэвӑ (tewă)

Proto-Selkup: *taľťə

Northern Selkup: тальчы (taljćy)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тальҗь (tal’ǯ’)

Upper Ob: талдь (tald’)

Kamassian: чима (ćima)

Koibal: тийма (tijma)

Mator: тайба (tajba)

Uncertain. Has been compared with Proto-Samic *seajpē, but the correspondence is irregular.


tətå-

Nganasan: тәтудя (tətudja)

Enets:

Forest Enets: тозаҫь (tozaš')

Tundra Enets: тэзаше (tezaše)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: та̄ш (tāš)

Tundra Nenets: тась (tasʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *tatə-

Northern Selkup: таттыӄо (tattyqo), та̄тыӄо (tātyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тадыгу́ (tadygú), тадэгу́ (tadegú)

Kamassian: детзьәт (detźət)

Possibly from Proto-Uralic *toxe-, with an irregular reduction of the vowel in most descendants.


təŋə

Nganasan: тәӈә (təŋə)

Enets:

Forest Enets: тоʼ (toʔ)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: таӈ (taŋ)

Tundra Nenets: таʼ (tah)

Proto-Selkup: *taŋə

Northern Selkup: таӈы (taŋy)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: та́ыт (táyt), та́эт (táet)

Upper Ob: тахх (taxx)

Kamassian: тхаӈа (tʰaŋa)

Koibal: таӈа (taŋa)

Mator: таӈа (taŋa)


cək-

⇒ Nganasan: тәкүоз̌ә (təküoðə, “pile of snow”)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: такаԓьш (takałʹš)

Tundra Nenets: тӑкӑлць (tăkălcʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *čak-, *čaq-

Northern Selkup: таӄалтыӄо (taqaltyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ҷагэҗэгу́

Upper Ob: такку (takku), тагадэгу (tagadegu)

Mator: так- (tak-, “to bury”)

Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Uralic *čukka-. Compare Hungarian csuk (“to shut, close”).


təntå-

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: танаԓаш (tanałaš)

Tundra Nenets: тӑнарась (tănarasʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *tantə-

Northern Selkup: танталтыӄо (tantaltyqo)


tånsə

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: танс (tans)

Tundra Nenets: танз (tanz°)

Proto-Selkup: *tüšə

Northern Selkup: тӱшы (tüšy)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тӱ́җиӈ (tǘǯiŋ), тӱ́җинга (tǘǯinga)

Upper Ob: тіос (tüos)

Kamassian: тхонзә (tʰonzə)

Koibal: танза (tanza)

Mator: танджә (tanǯə)


tålä-

Nganasan: толыди (tolɨdji)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: таԓеш (tałyeš)

Tundra Nenets: талесь (talyesʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *twe̮lə-

Northern Selkup: тә̄лыӄо

Southern Selkup:

Narym: твэ́лгу (twélgu)

Upper Ob: туолэгу (tuolegu)


tålɜr-

Nganasan: толарса (tolarsa)

Enets:

Forest Enets: таричь (tarič')

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: талэрць (talercʹ°)

Mator: тӓләр- (tälər-)


tåläjə

Nganasan: толыә (tolɨə)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: талей (talyey°)

Proto-Selkup: *twe̮lə

Southern Selkup:

Narym: твэл (twel)

Kamassian: тхоли (tʰoli)

Koibal: толе (tole)


timä

Nganasan: чими (čimi)

Enets:

Forest Enets: чии (čii)

Tundra Enets: чии (čii)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: чим (ćyim)

Tundra Nenets: тибя (tyibya)

Proto-Selkup: *timə (see there for further descendants)

Kamassian: тхиме (tʰime)

Koibal: тиме (time)

Mator: тиме (time)

Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Uralic *sewe- (“to eat”), but the vowel correspondence is irregular.


tuə-

⇒ Nganasan: туобса (tuobsa, “oar”)

Proto-Selkup: *tū-

Northern Selkup: тӯӄо (tūqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ту́гу (túgu)

Upper Ob: тугу (tugu)

Kamassian: тхуʼзьәт (tʰuʔźət)

Koibal: туʼб- (tuʔb-)


tüt-

Proto-Selkup: *tüt-

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тӧтку́ (tötkú), тӱтку́ (tütkú)

Kamassian: тхӱʼзьәт (tʰüʔźət)

Mator: тӱдәр- (tüdər-)


təkä

Enets:

Forest Enets: тоҫи (toši), тоҫин (tošin)

Tundra Enets: тоше (toše, tɔše)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: тышаӈ (tišaŋ), тышана (tišana)

Tundra Nenets: тӑсиʼ (tăsyih), тӑсина (tăsyina)

Proto-Selkup: *takkə (“down; downstream; north”)

Northern Selkup: таккы (takky)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: таӄ (taq), таӄӄ (taqq)

Kamassian: тхажә (tʰažə, “downstream”)


tələ-

Nganasan: тәләдя (tələdja)

Enets:

Forest Enets: торуҫь (toruš')

Nenets:

⇒ Forest Nenets: таԓташ (tałtaš)

Tundra Nenets: тӑлӑсь (tălăsʹ°)


təmå

⇒ Nganasan: тәмуӈку (təmuŋku)

Enets:

>? Forest Enets: тобик (tobik)

Proto-Selkup: *tama

Northern Selkup: тама (tama)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тавá (tawá)

Upper Ob: тауа (taua)

Kamassian: тхумо (tʰumo)


təmtəl-

Nganasan: тәмтәләсы (təmtələsɨ)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: тамтаԓьш (tamtałʹš)

Tundra Nenets: тӑмдӑлць (tămdălcʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *tamtəl-

Northern Selkup: тамтылӄо (tamtylqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тамдылгу́ (tamdylgú), тамдэлгу́ (tamdelgú)


təptə-

Nganasan: тәбтәися (təbtəisja)

Enets:

⇒ Forest Enets: тотобиза (totobiza, “narrow, tight”)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: тӑпташ (tăptaš, “to squeeze out”)

Tundra Nenets: тӑбтӑрӑсь (tăbtărăsʹ°)

тхаʼбдәрзьәт

Kamassian: тхаʼбдәрзьәт (tʰaʔbdərźət, “to grasp; to seize”)

Uncertain. Perhaps related in some way to Proto-Finno-Ugric *čupa (“lean, thin”).


tərä-

Nganasan: тәрыˮка (tərɨʔka)

Enets:

Forest Enets: тореха (toreha)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: таԓяха (tałyaxa)

Tundra Nenets: тӑряв (tăryaw°), тӑряха (tăryaxa)

Mator: тӓрӓт (tärät), тӓрӓʼн (täräʔn)


tətə-

Nganasan: тәз̌әбтуса (təðəbtusa)

Enets:

Forest Enets: тозгуҫь (tozguš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: тӑтӑш (tătăš)

Tundra Nenets: тӑдӑсь (tădăsʹ°)

Uncertain. Perhaps related to Proto-Turkic *tut- (“to grasp”).


tanɜ-

Nganasan: тануа (tanua)

Enets:

Forest Enets: тԑнԑ (tɛnɛ)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: чадю (ćadyu)

Tundra Nenets: тянё (tyanyo)

Proto-Selkup: *tāna

Southern Selkup:

Upper Ob: таанакка (taanakka)

⇒? Kamassian: тхандәзьәт (tʰandəźət, “to shave”)

⇒? Koibal: танда- (tanda-, “to shave”)


tatmə

Enets:

Tundra Enets: тэʼи (teʔi)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: чуˮӈ (ćuqŋ), чуˮна (ćuqna)

Tundra Nenets: тюˮўʼ (tyuqŭh); тюˮўняʼ (tyuqŭnyah)

Proto-Selkup: *tāmmə (“upstream; south”)

Northern Selkup: тө̄ммы (tå̄mmy)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: там (tam)

Upper Ob: таам (taam)

Kamassian: тхамә (tʰamə)


tapɜ

Nganasan: тохи (toxi)

Proto-Selkup: *tāpə

Northern Selkup: тө̄пы (tå̄py)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: та̄б (tāb), та̄бэ (tābe)

Upper Ob: тааб (taab), таабэ (taabe)

Kamassian: тхабә (tʰabə)

⇒ Koibal: *таба (*taba) (as тагатъ [= ? табатъ], +3SG possessive)


tåpsə-

Enets:

Forest Enets: тачуҫь (tačuš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: тавсаш (tawsaš)

Tundra Nenets: табцӑсь (tabcăsʹ°)

Mator: табсәдә- (tabsədə-)


tåro

Nganasan: тору (toru)

Enets:

Forest Enets: тару (taru)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: таԓу (tału)

Tundra Nenets: таро (taro)


täjwə

Nganasan: чайбә (čajbə)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: тив (tyiw°)

Kamassian: шӱйә (šüjə)

Uncertain. Has been compared with Proto-Samic *čoavjē, but the correspondence is irregular.


tänä-

Nganasan: ченыди (čjenɨdji)

Enets:

Forest Enets: тԑнԑҫь (tɛnɛš')

Tundra Enets: тэнэше (teneše)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: чедеш (ćyedyeš)

Tundra Nenets: тенесь (tyenyesʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *tenər-

Northern Selkup: тэнырӄо (tenyrqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тӓнэрбэгу́ (t’anerbegú)

Upper Ob: тэрбэгу (terbegu)

Kamassian: тхенезьәт (tʰeneźət)

Koibal: тен- (ten-)

Mator: тӓнә- (tänə-), тенә- (tenə-)


tänämä-

⇒ Nganasan: ченымыә (čjenɨmɨə, “familiar; able”)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: чедимяш (ćyedyimyaš), чеймяш (ćyeymyaš)

Tundra Nenets: теневась (tyenyewasʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *tenəmə-

Northern Selkup: тэнымыӄо (tenymyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тӓну́гу (t’anúgu)

Kamassian: тхенемзьәт (tʰenemźət)

Mator: тӓнәм- (tänəm-), тенәм- (tenəm-)


tänə

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: тен (tyen°)

Proto-Selkup: *tenə

Northern Selkup: тэны (teny)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тӓн (t’an)

Upper Ob: тэн (ten), тэй (tej)

Mator: тений (tenij)


täpə

Nganasan: чехә (čjexə)

Enets:

Forest Enets: тԑб (tɛb)

Nenets:

⇒ Forest Nenets: чепчеш (ćyepćyeš, “to fasten”)

Tundra Nenets: теб (tyeb°)

Proto-Selkup: *tīpə

Northern Selkup: ті̄пы

Southern Selkup:

Tym: тиб (tib)

Ket: тип (tip)

>? Mator: тӓйбӓ (täjbä)


täptə

Nganasan: чебтә (čjebtə)

Enets:

Forest Enets: тԑт (tɛt)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: чепт (ćyept)

Tundra Nenets: тебт (tyebt°)

Proto-Selkup: *teptə

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тепт (tjept)


tätɜ-

Nganasan: чез̌и- (čjeði-)

Enets:

Forest Enets: тԑзуҫь (tɛzuš')

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: тедӑсь (tyedăsʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *tītə-

Northern Selkup: ті̄тыӄо

⇒? Mator: тедибсин (tedibsin, “hook”)


tätmə

Nganasan: чемə (čjemə)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: чеˮм (ćyeqm)

Tundra Nenets: теˮэ̆м (tyeqĕm°)

Kamassian: тхеʼме (tʰeʔme)


tätsɜ-

Nganasan: чесиси (čjesisi)

Enets:

Forest Enets: тэчиҫь (tečiš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: чешаш (ćyešaš)

Tundra Nenets: теця̆сь (tyecyăsʹ°)

⇒ Proto-Selkup: *täša (“frost”)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тӓша́ (t’ašá)

⇒ Kamassian: шəшə (šəšə, “coldness”)

⇒? Mator: тӱкӓ (tükä, “frost”)


tätsɜtɜ

Nganasan: чеситіә (čjesitiə)

Enets:

Forest Enets: тэчиза (tečiza)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: чешта (ćyešta)

Tundra Nenets: тецьда (tyecʹda)

Proto-Selkup: *täšətəľ

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тӓ́шэдэл (t’ášedel)

⇒ Koibal: систе (siste, “frost”)

>? Mator: тӱктӓ (tüktä), текте (tekte)


tëm-

Proto-Selkup: *te̮mə-

Northern Selkup: тәмыӄо (təmyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тавгу́ (tawgú), тавэгу́ (tawegú), тавыгу́ (tawygú)

Upper Ob: тэугу (teugu)

Nganasan: тамтуодя (tamtuodja)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: тэмташ (temtaš)

Tundra Nenets: тэ̇мдась (tėmdasʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *te̮mtə-

Northern Selkup: тәмтыӄо (təmtyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Upper Ob: тэбдэгу (tebdegu)

Mator: тэмдә- (te̮mdə-)


tëmtɜr-

Nganasan: тамтарса (tamtarsa)

Enets:

Forest Enets: тыдычь (tidič', “to buy”), тыдраҫь (tidraš', “to sell”)

Tundra Enets: тыдараше (tidaraše, “to sell”)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: тэ̇мдерць (tėmdyercʹ°)

Mator: тэмдәр- (te̮mdər-)


tësə-

Enets:

Forest Enets: тысуҫь (tisuš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: тэсаш (tesaš)

Tundra Nenets: тэ̇сӑсь (tėsăsʹ°)

Mator: тэсә- (te̮sə-)


tipäjə

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: тибей (tyibyey°)

Proto-Selkup: *tēpəľ

Northern Selkup: тэ̄пыль (tēpylj)

Kamassian: тхеʼби (tʰeʔbi)


tiə

Nganasan: чиирү (čiirü)

Enets:

Forest Enets: чери (čeri)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: чиԓ (ćyił)

Tundra Nenets: тир (tyir°)

Proto-Selkup: *tīka (“shadow”)

Northern Selkup: ті̄ка

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ти́ка (tíka)

Upper Ob: тикка (tikka)

Kamassian: чи (ći)

Koibal: ти (ti)

Mator: ти (ti)


tiətɜ

Nganasan: чиәз̌у (čiəðu)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: чич (ćyić), чӣча (ćyīća, “shadow; dusk, twilight”)

Tundra Nenets: тид (tyid°, “shadow; dusk, twilight”)

Proto-Selkup: *tittə

Northern Selkup: тітты

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тит (tit)

Upper Ob: титт (titt)


tiə-

Nganasan: чиилесы (čiiljesɨ)

Enets:

Forest Enets: чериҫь (čeriš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: чиш (ćyiš)

Tundra Nenets: тись (tyisʹ°)

Kamassian: тилезьәт (tileźət)


tiəjpsän

Nganasan: чиибсин (čiibsin)

Proto-Selkup: *tīpsən

Northern Selkup: ті̄псын, ті̄псыт

Southern Selkup:

Narym: чи́бшын (číbšyn)

Upper Ob: тэбсэн (tebsen)

Kamassian: тхепсин (tʰepsin)

Koibal: типсень (tipseń)


tij-

Nganasan: чиəди (čiədji)

Enets:

Forest Enets: чиҫь (čiš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: чиш (ćyiš)

Tundra Nenets: тись (tyisʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *tī-

Northern Selkup: ті̄ӄо

Kamassian: шəзьәт (šəźət)

Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Uralic *säle-, *sälke-, although the vowel does not correspond.


tilə-

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: тюлӑсь (tyulăsʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *tilə-

Northern Selkup: тілыӄо

Southern Selkup:

Tym: тылгу (tylgu), тэлгу (telgu), тэлыгу (telygu), тэлэгу (telegu)

Kamassian: тхәлзьәт (tʰəlźət), тхилдәзьәт (tʰildəźət)

Koibal: тил- (til-)


tirämä

Nganasan: чирими (čirimi)

Enets:

Forest Enets: чири (čiri)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: чиԓимя (ćyiłyimya)

Tundra Nenets: тиребя (tyiryebya)

Proto-Selkup: *ti̮rəm

Northern Selkup: тыр (tyr)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тар (tar), тарп (tarp)

Upper Ob: тэрэм (terem)

Kamassian: тхӱрме (tʰürme)

Koibal: тӱрме (türme)

Mator: тӱрмӓ (türmä)


tisɜ-

Nganasan: чисюдя (čisjudja)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: тисьдесь (tyisʹdyesʹ°)

Mator: тиси- (tisi-)


tïjå

Enets:

Forest Enets: тыя (tija)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: тыдя (tidya)

Tundra Nenets: тыяк (tiyak°)

⇒ Proto-Selkup: *tiťə (“strait, isthmus”)

Northern Selkup: тічы


tïrå-

Enets:

Forest Enets: тыраҫь (tiraš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: ты̆ԓаш (tĭłaš)

Tundra Nenets: тырась (tirasʹ°)

⇒ Mator: тири (tiri, “dried out; hard”), тирибтə- (tiribtə-, “to dry out”)

Uncertain. Has been compared with Proto-Uralic *šorwa (“dry”), but the correspondence is irregular. Alternatively, perhaps related to Proto-Turkic *tïgïŕ (“firm, tough”).


tïtəŋ

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: тыты̄ӈ (titīŋ)

Tundra Nenets: тыдэʼ (tideh)

Proto-Selkup: *ti̮təŋ

Northern Selkup: тытыӈ (tytyŋ), тытык (tytyk), тыты (tyty)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тыды́к (tydýk)

Upper Ob: тэдэнг (tedeng)

Kamassian: тхедəӈ (tʰedəŋ)

Mator: тидəӈ (tidəŋ), тӱдəӈ (tüdəŋ)


tïtsɜn

Enets:

Forest Enets: тычи (tiči)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: тыцяʼ (ticyah)

Proto-Selkup: *ti̮ssan

Northern Selkup: тыссан (tyssan), тыссат (tyssat), тысса (tyssa)

Southern Selkup:

Ket: тэсаӈ (tesaŋ), тэссаӈ (tessaŋ)


cokɜ-

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: тохось (toxosʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *čoka- (“to peck”)

Northern Selkup: тоӄаӄо (toqaqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: чокэгу́ (čokegú)

Upper Ob: тёколгу (tjokolgu)

Koibal: тугу- (tugu-)

Mator: тогә- (togə-)

Possibly onomatopoeic. Compare Proto-Turkic *čok- (“to stab; to peck”).


tojmå

>? Nganasan: туймуо (tujmuo, “hard, firm”), туймуо хуаа (tujmuo xuaa, “larch”)

Proto-Selkup: *tǖmə

Northern Selkup: тӱмы (tümy)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тӧв (töw)

Kamassian: шоми (šomi)

Mator: тойма (tojma), тойму (tojmu)


tojtə-

Nganasan: тучәләса (tučələsa)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: тодӑсь (todăsʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *tȫtə-

Northern Selkup: тӧ̄тыӄо (tȫtyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тӧ́дыгу (tö́dygu)

>? Kamassian: шйадзьәт (šjadźət)

>? Koibal: седер- (seder-)

Mator: тоштə- (toštə-)


tokə-

Nganasan: тукәдя (tukədja, “to be able to”)

Enets:

Forest Enets: тохуҫь (tohuš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: тохош (toxoš)

Tundra Nenets: тохось (toxosʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *tōqəlčə- (“to count”)

Northern Selkup: то̄ӄылтыӄо (tōqyltyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: то́ӷолҗэгу (tóģolǯegu), то́ӷэлҗэгу (tóģelǯegu)

Mator: токә- (tokə-), токтә- (toktə-)


topå

Enets:

Forest Enets: тоба (toba)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: топа (topa)

Tundra Nenets: тоба (toba)

Proto-Selkup: *topə (“foot”)

Northern Selkup: топы (topy)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тоб (tob)

Upper Ob: тооб (toob)

Mator: тохо (toho)


topɜ-

Nganasan: тубаˮкә (tubaʔkə)

Enets:

Forest Enets: тобъя (tobʺja)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: топдяма (topdyama)

Tundra Nenets: тобъёва (tobʺyowa)


torå

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: тоԓа (toła)

Tundra Nenets: тора (tora)

Kamassian: тхуруска (tʰuruska)

Koibal: турзуга (turzuga)

Mator: торо (toro)


totwə-

Nganasan: тубудя (tubudja)

Enets:

Forest Enets: тоодудь (toodud')

Proto-Selkup: *tutə-

Northern Selkup: тутыӄо (tutyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: туто́лгу (tutólgu)

Upper Ob: тудолгу (tudolgu)

Kamassian: тхудозьәт (tʰudoźət)

Koibal: тодо- (todo-)

Mator: тоʼбә- (toʔbə-)

Uncertain. Has been compared with Proto-Uralic *soske-, but the correspondence is irregular.


tüə

⇒ Nganasan: чииде (čiidje)

Enets:

⇒ Forest Enets: чей (čej)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: чу (ću)

Tundra Nenets: тю (tyu)

⇒ Proto-Selkup: *tǖnaŋ

Northern Selkup: тӱняӈ (tünjaŋ), тӱняк (tünjak), тӱня (tünja)

Southern Selkup:

Vasyugan: тӧнак (tönak)

Ket: тӱ̄наӈ (tǖnaŋ)

Kamassian: тхӱ (tʰü)

Uncertain. Has been compared with Proto-Uralic *soja, but the correspondence is irregular.


tüj-

Nganasan: чииди (čiidji)

Enets:

Forest Enets: чуҫь (čuš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: чуш (ćuš)

Tundra Nenets: тюсь (tyusʹ°)

Kamassian: шӱзьәт (šüźət)


tük-

Enets:

Forest Enets: чук (čuk)

Tundra Enets: чуко (čuko)

Nenets:

⇒ Forest Nenets: чупей (ćupyey)

Tundra Nenets: тюкуˮ (tyukuq)

⇒ Mator: тӱʼбӱй (tüʔbüj)


kətɜ-

Nganasan: кәтудя (kətudja, “to graze, dig for food (of reindeer)”)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: хӑдӑсь (xădăsʹ°, “to graze, dig for food (of reindeer)”)

Proto-Selkup: *qatə-, *qačə-

Northern Selkup: ӄатыӄо (qatyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: кáдэгу (kádegu), ӄадо́лгу (qadólgu), кадо́лгу (kadólgu)

Upper Ob: кажолгу (kažolgu)

Nganasan: кәтуˮтәса (kətuʔtəsa, “to graze, dig for food (of reindeer)”)

Enets:

Forest Enets: козечь (kozeč')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: качӑʼш (kaćăhš)

Tundra Nenets: хӑдець (xădyecʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *qatət-

Northern Selkup: ӄатытӄо (qatytqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄадэтку́ (qadetkú)

Kamassian: кхадаʼзьәт (kʰadaʔźət)

Koibal: кодал- (kodal-)


kitätättə

Nganasan: ситіз̌әтә (sitiðətə)

Enets:

Forest Enets: ҫизет (šizet)

Tundra Enets: шизеото (šizeoto, šizeɔto)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: шатчеʼт (šatćyeht)

Tundra Nenets: сидндет (syidndyet°)

Proto-Selkup: *šitətēttə

Southern Selkup:

Upper Ob: сэддеед (seddjejed)

Kamassian: шәнтеʼдә (šənteʔdə), шӧнтеʼдә (šönteʔdə)

Koibal: синтаде (sintade)

Mator: кидәндейте (kidəndejte)


kajwå

Nganasan: кайбу (kajbu)

Enets:

Forest Enets: сԑа (sɛa)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: шева (šyewa)

Tundra Nenets: сива (syiwa)

Kamassian: кхо (kʰo)


kåə-

Nganasan: куодя (kuodja)

Enets:

Forest Enets: каҫь (kaš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: ка̄ш (kāš)

Tundra Nenets: хась (xasʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *qū-

Northern Selkup: ӄуӄо (quqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ку́гу (kúgu)

Upper Ob: куугу (kuugu)

>? Kamassian: кхӱзьәт (kʰüźət)

>? Koibal: кӱ- (kü-)

Mator: ка- (ka-)


kåəså

⇒ Nganasan: куодюму (kuodjumu, “man, male”)

Enets:

Forest Enets: каса (kasa)

Tundra Enets: кааса (kaasa)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: каса (kasa), касама (kasama, “man, male”)

⇒ Tundra Nenets: хасава (xasawa, “man, male”)

Kamassian: кхуза (kʰuza)

Koibal: куза (kuza)

Mator: каса (kasa)

From *kåə- (“to die”), likely from an older meaning of "mortal".


kålmɜ

Enets:

Forest Enets: камер (kamer)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: каԓьмяԓ (kałʹmyał)

Tundra Nenets: хальмер (xalʹmyer°)

Kamassian: кхолмә (kʰolmə, “ghost”)

From Proto-Uralic *kalma (“death”), from Proto-Uralic *kale- (“to die”). The preservation of *-l- suggests a preform *kale-ma.


kamə

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: шам (šam)

Tundra Nenets: сяв (syaw°)

Proto-Selkup: *qāmə

Northern Selkup: ӄө̄мы (qå̄my)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ка́мья (kám’ja, “tench, bittern”)

Upper Ob: каам (kaam)

Kamassian: кхам (kʰam)


kåntå-

Nganasan: контудя (kontudja)

Enets:

Forest Enets: кадаҫь (kadaš')

Tundra Enets: кадаше (kadaše)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: кана̄ш (kanāš)

Tundra Nenets: ханась (xanasʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *qwe̮ntə-

Northern Selkup: ӄәнтыӄо (qəntyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄвэ́ндэгу (qwéndegu)

Upper Ob: куаддэгу (kuaddegu)

Kamassian: кхунзьәт (kʰunźət), кхундозьәт (kʰundoźət)

Koibal: куналда- (kunalda-)

Mator: кандә- (kandə-)


kån-

Nganasan: коныди (konɨdji)

Enets:

Forest Enets: каниҫь (kaniš')

Tundra Enets: канэше (kaneše), канеше (kanješe)

Proto-Selkup: *qwe̮n-

Northern Selkup: ӄәнӄо (qənqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄвэ́нгу (qwéngu), квэ́нгу (kwéngu)

Upper Ob: куангу (kuangu)

Kamassian: кханзьәт (kʰanźət), кхандәзьәт (kʰandəźət)

Koibal: канда- (kanda-)

Mator: кан- (kan-)

Possibly from Proto-Uralic *kane-, whence the causative *kanta- (“to carry”).


kåso

⇒ Nganasan: косулубтуˮ (kosulubtuʔ)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: хасо (xaso)

Proto-Selkup: *qōsə

Northern Selkup: ӄоссы (qossy)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ко́ссы (kóssy), ко́ссэ (kósse), ӄо́ссы (qóssy), ӄо́ссэ (qósse)

Upper Ob: куос (kuos)

From Proto-Uralic *kaća- (“to give (as a gift)”).


kåjä-

Nganasan: коиди (koidji)

Enets:

Forest Enets: каеҫь (kaješ')

Tundra Enets: каэше (kaeše)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: кадеш (kadyeš)

Tundra Nenets: хаесь (xayesʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *qwe̮ťə-

Northern Selkup: ӄә̄чыӄо

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄвэ́җегу (qwéǯjegu), квэ́җэгу (kwéǯegu)

Upper Ob: куэдегу (kuedjegu)


kåjo-

Nganasan: коуса (kousa)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: кадёш (kadyoš)

Tundra Nenets: хаёсь (xayosʹ°)

Kamassian: кхойозьәт (kʰojoźət)

Koibal: койо- (kojo-)

Mator: койо- (kojo-)

From *kåjä- (“to leave behind”), from Proto-Uralic *kaďaw-.


kåŋ-

Enets:

Forest Enets: кадь (kad')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: каньш (kanʹš)

Tundra Nenets: ханзь (xanzʹ°)

Mator: каӈ- (kaŋ-)

Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Uralic *kaŋe-, whence Hungarian hív.


käjpä

Enets:

Forest Enets: ҫиби (šibi)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: сӣбя (syībya)

Proto-Selkup: *šǟpə

Northern Selkup: ше̄пы (šjēpy)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: шабга́л (šabgál), ша́бгэл (šábgel)

Upper Ob: сиебка (sijebka)

>? Kamassian: шӱмкә (šümkə)

>? Koibal: сӱмкä (sümkä)

Mator: кӱхä (kühä), кихä (kihä)

Uncertain. Resembles Proto-Uralic *kepä, but the correspondence is irregular.


käjmä

Enets:

Forest Enets: сԑю (sɛju)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: сибяко (syibyako)

desc

Proto-Selkup: *šǖma (“female capercaillie”)

Northern Selkup: шӱмä (šümä), сӱмä (sümä)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: шӧ́ва (šö́wa)

Upper Ob: сіуа (süua)

Kamassian: шӱймӱ (šüjmü)

Koibal: сӱймä (süjmä)

Mator: кейбе (kejbe)


kiwä

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: шиˮмя (šyiqmya, “larva”)

Tundra Nenets: сибя̆ (syibyă, “larva”)

Proto-Selkup: *šǖ (“snake”)

Northern Selkup: шӱ̄ (šǖ)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: шӱ (šü)

Upper Ob: сіі (süü)

From Proto-Uralic *küje, likely via a preform *küje-wä.


kürə-

⇒ Nganasan: кирими (kirimi)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: сюрˮ (syur)

From Proto-Uralic *käwde, although the development of *-äw- to *-ü- is irregular (compare PSam *tärə ← PU *täwde).


kəńələ

Nganasan: кәәлы (kəəlɨ)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: хӑя̆л (xăyăl°)

Proto-Selkup: *qāńə

Southern Selkup:

Ket: ӄайы (qajy), ӄайэ (qaje)

Kamassian: кхайәл (kʰajəl)

Koibal: кийил (kijil)

Mator: кайли (kajli)

Likely from Proto-Uralic *küńele, although the correspondence is somewhat irregular.


küntə

Nganasan: кинтә (kintə)

Enets:

Forest Enets: ҫуду (šudu)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: сюн (syun°)

Kamassian: шӱньӱ (šüńü)

Koibal: сӱнӧ (sünö)

Mator: кӱндӱ (kündü)


kåjå

Nganasan: коу (kou)

Enets:

Forest Enets: кая (kaja)

Nenets:

⇒ Forest Nenets: кадяԓю (kadyałyu, “clear, sunny”)

⇒ Tundra Nenets: хаерась (xayerasʹ°, “to be sunny; to shine”)

Kamassian: кхуйа (kʰuja)

Koibal: куйа (kuja)

Mator: кайа (kaja)

Uncertain. Perhaps related to Proto-Uralic *koje (“dawn”).


koncor-

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: коноԓьш (konołʹš, “to try”)

Proto-Selkup: *qōnčər-

Northern Selkup: ӄонтырӄо (qontyrqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄонҗэргу́ (qonǯergú)

Upper Ob: куоддэгу (kuoddegu)

Mator: кондор- (kondor-)


kåmpå

Nganasan: коӈху (koŋxu)

Enets:

Forest Enets: каба (kaba)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: кампа (kampa)

Tundra Nenets: хамба (xamba)

Proto-Selkup: *qōmpə

Northern Selkup: ӄомпы (qompy)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄомб (qomb), ко́мбэ (kómbe)

Upper Ob: куобба (kuobba)


kopå

Nganasan: куху (kuxu), кухуо (kuxuo)

Enets:

Forest Enets: коба (koba)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: ко̄па (kōpa)

Tundra Nenets: хобӑ (xobă)

Proto-Selkup: *qopə

Northern Selkup: ӄопы (qopy)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄоб (qob), коб (kob)

Upper Ob: коба (koba)

Kamassian: кхуба (kʰuba)

Koibal: куба (kuba)

Mator: кохо (koho)


kårpǝ

Enets:

Forest Enets: кабу (kabu)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: харп (xarp°)

Possibly from Proto-Uralic *korpe- (“to burn, scorch, blaze”). Alternatively, borrowed from Proto-Tungusic *garpa (“ray, beam (of light)”).


kåtå

Nganasan: коту (kotu)

Enets:

Forest Enets: каза (kaza)

Tundra Enets: каза (kaza)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: ка̄та (kāta)

Tundra Nenets: хада (xada)

>? Proto-Selkup: *qotə

desc

⇒ Northern Selkup: имаӄота (imaqota, “old woman; wife”)

From Proto-Uralic *koska. Compare Proto-Samic *koaskē (“maternal aunt”).


koəj

Nganasan: күо (küo)

Enets:

Forest Enets: ко (ko)

Nenets:

⇒ Forest Nenets: куйˮку (kuyqku)

Tundra Nenets: хо (xo)

Proto-Selkup: *qwǟ

Northern Selkup: ӄӓ̄

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄве (qwje), кве (kwje)

Upper Ob: кіо (küo)

Kamassian: кхуйу (kʰuju), кхӱйӱ (kʰüjü)

Koibal: куйу (kuju)

>? Mator: куа (kua), куга (kuga) (or borrowed from Buryat хуһа (xuha))


kåət

Nganasan: коˮ (koʔ)

Enets:

⇒? Forest Enets: казы (kazi) (or reborrowed from Turkic)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: ка̄т (kāt)

⇒? Tundra Nenets: хады (xadi) (or reborrowed from Turkic)

Proto-Selkup: *qūt

Northern Selkup: ӄӯт (qūt)

Southern Selkup:

Upper Ob: кууто (kuuto)

Kamassian: кхоʼ (kʰoʔ)

Mator: кат (kat), каʼн (kaʔn)

→? Proto-Turkic: *kạdï (see there for further descendants)

→? Southern Selkup:

Narym: ка́дэ (káde)

Upper Ob: каадэ (kaade)


kunå

Nganasan: куні (kuni, “(to) where, whither”), кунині (kunjini, “where”)

Enets:

Forest Enets: куна (kuna, “when”), кунэн (kunen, “where”)

Tundra Enets: куна (kuna, “when”), кунэнэ (kunene, “where”)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: куна (kuna)

Tundra Nenets: хуна (xuna)

Proto-Selkup: *kun

Northern Selkup: кун (kun), кут (kut)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: кун (kun)

Upper Ob: кун (kun)

Mator: куна (kuna)


kər

Proto-Selkup: *qar, *qarə

Northern Selkup: ӄары (qary)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄарт (qart)

Upper Ob: кар (kar)

⇒ Kamassian: кхарәлджен (kʰarəlʒ́en, “tomorrow”), кхороджон (kʰoroʒ́on, “morning”)

⇒ Koibal: каран (karan, “tomorrow”)


kəptå-

Nganasan: кәбтудя (kəbtudja)

Enets:

⇒ Forest Enets: котучь (kotuč')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: кӑптӑш (kăptăš)

Tundra Nenets: хӑбтась (xăbtasʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *qaptə-

Northern Selkup: ӄаптыӄо (qaptyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄаптэгу́ (qaptegú)

Upper Ob: кабтэгу (kabtegu)

кхуʼбдәрзьәт

⇒ Kamassian: кхуʼбдәрзьәт (kʰuʔbdərźət)

⇒ Kamassian: кхуʼбдәрзьәт (kʰuʔbdərźət)

⇒ Koibal: кубдәр- (kubdər-)

Mator: кабтә- (kabtə-)


kəptö-

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: капчош (kapćoš)

Tundra Nenets: хӑбтёсь (xăbtyosʹ°)

Kamassian: кхуʼбдозьәт (kʰuʔbdoźət)


kərå

Nganasan: кәру (kəru, “habit”)

Enets:

Forest Enets: кора (kora)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: хӑра (xăra)

Proto-Selkup: *qarə-

Northern Selkup: ӄарыль (qarylj)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄа́ролҗэгу (qárolǯegu, “to bend”)

Upper Ob: карукка (karukka), каруккай (karukkaj)

⇒ Kamassian: кхаразьәт (kʰaraźət, “to twist”)


kərö

⇒ Nganasan: кокәры (kokərɨ)

Enets:

Forest Enets: кори (kori)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: каˮԓю (kaqłyu)

Tundra Nenets: хӑрё (xăryo)

Proto-Selkup: *qara

Northern Selkup: ӄара (qara)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: карá (kará)

Upper Ob: каара (kaara)

⇒ Kamassian: кхуруʼйо (kʰuruʔjo)

⇒ Koibal: курерок (kurerok)

Mator: кӧрӱх (körüh), кӧрӧх (köröh)


kəńɜ-

>? Nganasan: кауләса (kauləsa)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: хӑя̆сь (xăyăsʹ°, “to be closed (of the eyes)”)

Proto-Selkup: *qāńə-

Northern Selkup: ӄө̄няӄо (qå̄njaqo), ӄө̄яӄо (qå̄jaqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄа́егу (qájegu)

Upper Ob: каайгу (kaajgu)

Kamassian: кхайзьәт (kʰajźət)

Koibal: кай- (kaj-)

Mator: кайә- (kajə-)

From Proto-Uralic *kuńa- (“to close (one's eyes)”).


kunsə

⇒ Nganasan: кунсәз̌у (kunsəðu)

Proto-Selkup: *küšə (see there for further descendants)

Kamassian: кхӱнзе (kʰünze)

Koibal: кинзе (kinze)

Mator: кунджә (kunǯə)


kïnsəkåjə

Proto-Selkup: *qi̮šqä

Northern Selkup: ӄішӄӓ

Southern Selkup:

Narym: кышкаха́й (kyškaxáj)

>? Kamassian: кхӱнджәгей (kʰünʒ́əgej)

Koibal: кинзигей (kinzigej)

Mator: кинджикей (kinǯikej)

Uncertain. Resembles Proto-Uralic *kuńśe, but the first vowel is irregular.


kåsə-

Nganasan: косәдя (kosədja)

Enets:

Forest Enets: касуҫь (kasuš')

Tundra Enets: касоше (kasoše)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: касаш (kasaš)

Tundra Nenets: хасӑсь (xasăsʹ°)

>? Proto-Selkup: *qūsə- (“shallow”)

Southern Selkup:

Ket: ӄузыӄа (quzyqa)

Upper Ob: кууска (kuuska), куускай (kuuskaj)


kəjm

Enets:

⇒ Forest Enets: кеми (kemi)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: кӭм (käm)

Tundra Nenets: хэмʼ (xem)

Proto-Selkup: *qāmə-

Northern Selkup: ӄө̄мычӓ

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄа̄вка (qāwka)

Upper Ob: каукэй (kaukej)

⇒ Kamassian: кхемзага (kʰemzaga)

⇒? Mator: камбуй (kambuj)


kəjŋ

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: кӭӈ (käŋ)

Tundra Nenets: хэʼ (xeh)

Proto-Selkup: *qāŋ

Southern Selkup:

Ket: ӄа̄ӈ (qāŋ), ӄа̄ӈном (qāŋnom)

Upper Ob: каан (kaan), каанном (kaannom)

>? Kamassian: кхаӈ (kʰaŋ)

>? Koibal: кайан (kajan)

>? Mator: каӈ (kaŋ)


kəmə-

⇒ Nganasan: кәмәгу (kəməgu, “fallen”)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: камаш (kamaš)

Tundra Nenets: хӑвӑсь (xăwăsʹ°)

desc

⇒ Proto-Selkup: *qaməttä (“face down, headfirst”)

Northern Selkup: ӄамтӓ (qamtä)

Southern Selkup:

Upper Ob: кауттэ (kautte)

⇒ Mator: камага (kamaga, “log, driftwood”)

Possibly from Proto-Uralic *kuma (“bent, fallen position”).


kəmcå-

Enets:

⇒ Forest Enets: кодагуҫь (kodaguš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: камта̄ш (kamtāš)

Tundra Nenets: хӑмдась (xămdasʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *qamčə-

Northern Selkup: ӄамтыӄо (qamtyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄамҗэгу́ (qamǯegú), камҗегу́ (kamǯjegú)

Upper Ob: кабдэгу (kabdegu)

Kamassian: кхәмназьәт (kʰəmnaźət)

Koibal: камни- (kamni-)

Mator: камдә- (kamdə-)

Uncertain. Possibly related to *kəmə- (“to fall; to collapse”).


kəmpɜ-

Nganasan: кәӈхыди (kəŋxɨdji)

Enets:

desc

Forest Enets: кобраҫь (kobraš', kɔbraš')

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: хӑмбинесь (xămbyinyesʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *qampol- (“to turn over, capsize; to fall out (of a boat)”)

Northern Selkup: ӄамполі̄ӄо

Southern Selkup:

Tym: ӄамполҗугу (qampolǯugu)

Ket: ӄамболгыгу (qambolgygu), ӄамболгэгу (qambolgegu)

Mator: камбәл- (kambəl-)


kəncə

Nganasan: кәнтә (kəntə)

Enets:

Forest Enets: код (kod, kɔd), коду (kodu, kɔdu)

Tundra Enets: кодо (kodo, kɔdo)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: кӑн (kăn)

Tundra Nenets: хӑн (xăn°)

Proto-Selkup: *qančə

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄанҗ (qanǯ)

Upper Ob: кадж (kadž)


kənsä-

Enets:

Forest Enets: косеҫь (koseš')

Nenets:

⇒ Forest Nenets: кӑнсу (kănsu, “cool, chilly”)

Tundra Nenets: хӑнзесь (xănzyesʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *qašə-

Northern Selkup: ӄашыӄо (qašyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Tym: ӄажыргу (qažyrgu), ӄажэргу (qažergu)

Kamassian: кхәнзәзьәт (kʰənzəźət)

From Proto-Uralic *käńśä- (“to freeze”). The first vowel is irregular, perhaps due to analogy with *kəntä- (“to freeze”).


kəntä-

Nganasan: кәнтыди (kəntɨdji)

Enets:

Forest Enets: кодэҫь (kodeš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: каняˮш (kanyaqš)

Tundra Nenets: хӑнимзь (xănyimzʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *qantə-

Northern Selkup: ӄантыӄо (qantyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄандэ́җегу (qandéǯjegu), ӄандэ́җэгу (qandéǯegu)

Upper Ob: каджэгу (kadžegu), каддээйжэгу (kaddeejžegu)

Kamassian: кхәнзьәт (kʰənźət), кхәндәзьәт (kʰəndəźət)

Koibal: кон- (kon-)

Mator: кандә- (kandə-)


kərä-

⇒ Nganasan: кәриˮә (kəriʔə, “driving pole”)

Enets:

⇒ Forest Enets: коре (kore, “driving pole”)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: хӑресь (xăryesʹ°)

Kamassian: кхарәйзьәт (kʰarəjźət, “to direct, steer”)

Mator: карә- (karə-) [= ? кӓрә- (kärə-)]


kərmå-

Nganasan: кәрбудя (kərbudja)

Enets:

Forest Enets: комаҫь (komaš', kɔmaš')

Tundra Enets: комаше (komaše, kɔmaše)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: хӑрвась (xărwasʹ°)

Uncertain. Has been compared with Moksha кармамс (karmams, “to start”), but the first vowel does not correspond.


kəå

Nganasan: кәу (kəu)

Kamassian: кхе (kʰe)

Koibal: ка (ka)

Mator: ка (ka)

Uncertain. Compare Proto-Yeniseian *ɢʌ̄ja.


kanə

Nganasan: канә (kanə)

Enets:

Forest Enets: сԑн (sɛn)

Tundra Enets: сэно (seno)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: шан (šan)

Tundra Nenets: сян (syan°)

>? Proto-Selkup: *qan

Southern Selkup:

Ket: ӄан (qan)

Upper Ob: кан (kan)


kacɜ-

Proto-Selkup: *qāčə-

Northern Selkup: ӄө̄ттыӄо (qå̄ttyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Ket: ӄа̄ччыгу (qāččygu), ӄа̄чэгу (qāčegu)

Nganasan: катірся (katirsja)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: шатаԓьш (šatałʹš)

Kamassian: кхадәрзьәт (kʰadərźət)

Mator: кӓдәр- (kädər-)


kalɜŋ

Nganasan: калин (kalin)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: сялʼ (syal)

Proto-Selkup: *qāləń

Northern Selkup: ӄө̄лынь (qå̄lynj)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄа̄линыл (qālinyl)

Upper Ob: каали (kaali)

Kamassian: кхаләӈ (kʰaləŋ)

Uncertain. Perhaps related in some way to Proto-Uralic *konɜ(la) ~ *kana(la), although the correspondence is irregular.


kamɜr-

⇒ Nganasan: камар (kamar, “breast”)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: шемаԓьш (šyemałʹš)

Tundra Nenets: севолць (syewolcʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *qāmal-

Northern Selkup: ӄө̄малӄо (qå̄malqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄа́валгу (qáwalgu)

⇒ Kamassian: кхамәруʼ (kʰaməruʔ, “(open) arms”)

Koibal: камир- (kamir-)

Mator: кӓмәр- (kämər-)

Uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Uralic *komɜrɜ, whence Erzya коморо (komoro, “handful”). Alternatively, perhaps related to Proto-Yeniseian *kʌm- (“armful”).


kamtə

Enets:

⇒ Forest Enets: сԑдуҫь (sɛduš', “to smoke, cure (food)”)

Nenets:

⇒ Tundra Nenets: сямдӑсь (syamdăsʹ°, “to become covered in soot”)

Proto-Selkup: *qāmtə

Southern Selkup:

Vasyugan: ӄамдэ (qamde), ӄамды (qamdy)

Ket: камд (kamd), камды (kamdy)

⇒ Kamassian: кхамнуʼ (kʰamnuʔ, “smoke”)

⇒ Koibal: камнил- (kamnil-, “to emit smoke”)

Mator: кӓмдӓ (kämdä)


kapə-

⇒ Nganasan: кабүˮмүо (kabüʔmüo, “kindling”)

Enets:

Forest Enets: сԑбԑҫь (sɛbɛš', “to tear off”)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: шапаԓьш (šapałʹš)

Tundra Nenets: сябарць (syabarcʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *qāpə-

>? Northern Selkup: ӄопыӄо (qopyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ? ӄоба́лгу (qobálgu)

Upper Ob: каабалгу (kaabalgu)


kaså

Nganasan: касу (kasu), касуо (kasuo)

Enets:

Forest Enets: сԑса (sɛsa)

Proto-Selkup: *qāsə

Northern Selkup: ӄө̄сы (qå̄sy)

Southern Selkup:

Upper Ob: каас (kaas)

Kamassian: кхаза (kʰaza)

From Proto-Uralic *koćkɜ. Compare Proto-Finnic *koski (“spruce bark”).


kasɜrä

Proto-Selkup: *qāsərä

Northern Selkup: ӄө̄сырӓ

Southern Selkup:

Narym: кáзыра (kázyra)

Kamassian: кхазәра (kʰazəra)

Mator: кӓсрӓ (käsrä), кӓсирӓ (käsirä)


kåcu

Nganasan: коз̌у (koðu)

Enets:

Forest Enets: казу (kazu)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: ка̄т (kāt)

Tundra Nenets: хад (xad°)

Proto-Selkup: *qōčə

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ко́ччу (kóčču)

Upper Ob: коож (koož)

>? Kamassian: кхадаӈ (kʰadaŋ, “fresh snow”)

Mator: кадух (kaduh)


kåjwə

>? Nganasan: кәи (kəi)

Enets:

Forest Enets: ке (ke), кео (keo)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: кӭв (käw)

Tundra Nenets: хэв (xew°)

Proto-Selkup: *qȫ

Northern Selkup: ӄӧ̄

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄӧ̄ (qȫ)

Upper Ob: кээ (kee)


kåjwətə

>? Nganasan: кәиз̌әә (kəiðəə)

Enets:

Forest Enets: киузи (kiuzi)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: кӭвты (käwti)

Tundra Nenets: хэвды (xewdi)

Proto-Selkup: *qȫtə

Northern Selkup: ӄӧталь лə (qötalj lə)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: кӧд (köd), кӧдэллы́ (ködellý)

Upper Ob: кээд (keed), кээд ла (keed la)

Kamassian: кхот (kʰot)

Koibal: кот (kot)

Mator: *кайбәд- (*kajbəd-) (as кайбидемъ, +1SG possessive)


kåjkə

Nganasan: койкә (kojkə)

Enets:

Forest Enets: киху (kihu)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: кӭхӭ (käxä)

Tundra Nenets: хэхэ (xexe)

>? Proto-Selkup: *kāka (“ghost”)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: кāга (kāga)

Mator: кайго (kajgo), кайгу (kajgu)

From Proto-Uralic *koďka. Cognate with Proto-Permic *kuľ (“evil spirit”).


kåjmå

Nganasan: койму (kojmu)

Enets:

>? Forest Enets: киу (kiu)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: хэва (xewa)

Proto-Selkup: *qǖmə (“brain”)

Northern Selkup: ӄӱ̄мы (qǖmy)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: кӧв (köw)

Upper Ob: кіім (küüm)

Kamassian: кхйама (kʰjama, “brain”)


kåjtə

Nganasan: коче (kočje)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: хэдо (xedo, “epidemic”)

Proto-Selkup: *qǖtə- (“to be ill”)

Northern Selkup: ӄӱ̄тыӄо (qǖtyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: кӧ́дэгу (kö́degu), кӧ́дыгу (kö́dygu)

Upper Ob: кіітэгу (küütegu)


kåntə

Nganasan: контә (kontə)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: ка̄н (kān)

Tundra Nenets: хан (xan°)

From Proto-Uralic *konta- (“to grab; to catch”).


kåptə-

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: хабтӑнзь (xabtănzʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *qōptəŋ-

Northern Selkup: ӄоптыӈӄо (qoptyŋqo)

Southern Selkup:

Upper Ob: куоптэнггу (kuoptenggu)

Uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Turkic *kïp- (“to press together; to cut (with scissors)”).


kåptɜ

⇒ Nganasan: кобтаˮа (kobtaʔa)

Enets:

Forest Enets: катэ (kate)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: хабт (xabt°)

Proto-Selkup: *qoptə (“ox; gelding”)

Northern Selkup: ӄопты (qopty)


kåptɜ

Nganasan: кобтуа (kobtua)

Enets:

Forest Enets: каты (kati)

Kamassian: кхоʼбдо (kʰoʔbdo)

Koibal: кобдо (kobdo)

Mator: кобтох (kobtoh)


kåtə-

Enets:

Forest Enets: казудь (kazud')

Proto-Selkup: *qwe̮tə-

Northern Selkup: ӄә̄тырыӄо (“to fight”)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄвэ́дэмбэгу (qwédembegu)

Upper Ob: куэдэгу (kuedegu)

⇒ Kamassian: кхудолзьәт (kʰudolźət)

⇒ Koibal: кудол- (kudol-)


kåtɜ-

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: хадӑбтась (xadăbtasʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *qwe̮tə-

Northern Selkup: ӄә̄тымпыӄо

Southern Selkup:

Vasyugan: ӄвэдэмбугу (qwedembugu), ӄвэдымбугу (qwedymbugu)

Ket: ӄвэ̄дэгу (qwēdegu), ӄвэ̄дыгу (qwēdygu)

Mator: кадабтә- (kadabtə-)


kåtmə-

Enets:

Forest Enets: каудь (kaud')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: каˮмаш (kaqmaš)

Tundra Nenets: хаˮмӑсь (xaqmăsʹ°)

>? Proto-Selkup: *quptə-

Northern Selkup: ӄуптыӄо (quptyqo)

Mator: каʼб- (kaʔb-), каʼбәр- (kaʔbər-)


käŋkə-

Nganasan: сеӈкәди (sjeŋkədji)

Enets:

Forest Enets: сԑгуҫь (sɛguš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: шеӈкаш (šyeŋkaš)

Tundra Nenets: сеӈгӑсь (syeŋgăsʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *šäŋqə-

Northern Selkup: шӓӄӄыӄо (šäqqyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: шэ́кэгу (šékegu)

Mator: кеӈгә- (keŋgə-)


käər

Nganasan: сиәр (siər)

Enets:

Forest Enets: ҫер (šer)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: шеԓ (šyeł)

Tundra Nenets: серˮ (syer)

Kamassian: *шере (*šere) (in әмби шере (əmbi šere, “what kind of”))


kär-

Nganasan: серәди (sjerədji)

Enets:

Forest Enets: сԑруҫь (sɛruš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: шеԓаш (šyełaš)

Tundra Nenets: серӑсь (syerăsʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *šēr-

Northern Selkup: ше̄рӄо (šjērqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: шэ́ргу (šérgu)

Upper Ob: сиэргу (siergu)

Kamassian: шерзьәт (šerźət)

Koibal: сер- (ser-)

Mator: кер- (ker-)

From Proto-Uralic *käre- (“to wrap, tie, thread”).


kätə-

Nganasan: сетәди (sjetədji, “to load”)

Nenets:

⇒ Forest Nenets: шеч (šyeć, “cradle”)

desc

Tundra Nenets: седӑсь (syedăsʹ°, “to wrap in a cradle”)

Mator: кедә- (kedə-)


kätö

Nganasan: сечи (sječi)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: шечу (šyeću, “fringe (of fabric)”)

Kamassian: шӱдӱ (šüdü)

Uncertain. Possibly a derivative of *kätə- (“to wrap up”).


këm

Nganasan: кам (kam)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: кэм (kem)

Tundra Nenets: хэ̇мʼ (xėm)

Proto-Selkup: *ke̮m

Northern Selkup: кәм (kəm)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄам (qam), ӄап (qap)

Upper Ob: кием (kijem)

Kamassian: кхем (kʰem)

Koibal: кам (kam)

Mator: кэм (ke̮m)


këpə

Enets:

Forest Enets: куб (kub)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: кэп (kep, “bumblebee”)

Tundra Nenets: хэ̇б (xėb°)

Kamassian: кхӧб (kʰöb)

Koibal: коп (kop)

Mator: кэхэ (ke̮he̮)


këptə

Enets:

Forest Enets: кит (kit)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: хэ̇бт (xėbt°)

Proto-Selkup: *ke̮ptä

Northern Selkup: кәптӓ (kəptä)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄаптэ́ (qapté)

Upper Ob: киепт (kijept)

Kamassian: кхеʼбде (kʰeʔbde)

Uncertain. Possibly related to Proto-Turkic *kat (“berry”), whence Tuvan кат (kat).


këtɜ-

Enets:

Forest Enets: китаҫь (kitaš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: кэˮташ (keqtaš)

Tundra Nenets: хэ̇тӑсь (xėtăsʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *ke̮tə-

Northern Selkup: кәтыӄо (kətyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: кадэгу́ (kadegú), ӄадэгу́ (qadegú)

Upper Ob: кадэгу (kadegu)


kiə

Nganasan: сиә (siə)

Enets:

Forest Enets: ҫе (še)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: ши (šyi)

Tundra Nenets: си (syi)

Kamassian: ши (ši)

Koibal: си (si)


kiətär

Nganasan: сиәз̌ыр (siəðɨr)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: шичаԓ (šyićał)

Tundra Nenets: сидерˮ (syidyer)


kimä

Nganasan: симиә (simiə, “coal”)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: шймя (šymya, “dust”)

Tundra Nenets: сибя̆ (syibyă, “dust”)

Proto-Selkup: *šīmə

Northern Selkup: шӣмы, сӣмы

Southern Selkup:

Narym: шив (šiw)

Upper Ob: сиу (siu)

>? Kamassian: шуӈә (šuŋə)

Koibal: симо (simo)

Mator: кимӓ (kimä)


kitä-

Nganasan: китіди (kitidji)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: шичеш (šyićyeš)

Tundra Nenets: сидесь (syidyesʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *šitə-

Northern Selkup: шиттыӄо (šittyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: шыдэгу́ (šydegú)

Upper Ob: сэдэгу (sedegu)

⇒ Kamassian: шӱʼдәрзьәт (šüʔdərźət)

⇒ Kamassian: шӱʼдәрзьәт (šüʔdərźət)

⇒ Koibal: сӱдӱр- (südür-)

⇒ Mator: кӱдӱм- (küdüm-)


kitö-

Nganasan: күз̌үаса (küðüasa), күз̌иаса (küðiasa)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: сидёсь (syidyosʹ°)

Kamassian: шӱʼдӧзьәт (šüʔdöźət)

Kamassian: шӱʼдӧзьәт (šüʔdöźət)


kïrå-

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: хырась (xirasʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *ki̮rə-

Northern Selkup: кірыӄо

Southern Selkup:

Narym: кыргу́ (kyrgú)

Upper Ob: кэрэгу (keregu)

Kamassian: кхәрзьәт (kʰərźət)

Koibal: кир- (kir-)

Mator: кирә- (kirə-)

Uncertain. Possibly borrowed from Proto-Turkic *kïr- (“to break, demolish; to scrape, shave”).


kïta

Nganasan: кита (kita)

Enets:

Forest Enets: кизи (kizi)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: кыча (kića)

Tundra Nenets: хыдя (xidya)

desc

>? Proto-Selkup: *kätɜ (“basket made of birchbark”)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: кӓди́ (k’adí), кяди́ (kjadí)

Upper Ob: киеда (kijeda)


kontå-

Nganasan: кунтудя (kuntudja)

Enets:

Forest Enets: кодараҫь (kodaraš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: конаш (konaš)

Tundra Nenets: хонась (xonasʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *qontə-

Northern Selkup: ӄонтыӄо (qontyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄондэгу́ (qondegú)

Upper Ob: коджоулгу (kodžoulgu)

Kamassian: кхунозьәт (kʰunoźət)

Koibal: конол- (konol-)

Mator: кондә- (kondə-)


kot-

Nganasan: кутәз̌уса (kutəðusa)

Enets:

Forest Enets: козудь (kozud')

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: ходомбӑсь (xodombăsʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *qot-

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ко́тку (kótku)

Upper Ob: коотку (kootku)

Kamassian: кхуʼзьәт (kʰuʔźət)

Koibal: кут- (kut-)


kotor-

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: ко̄тоԓьш (kōtołʹš)

Tundra Nenets: ходорць (xodorcʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *qotar-

Northern Selkup: ӄотарӄо (qotarqo)

Southern Selkup:

Vasyugan: ӄодаргу (qodargu)

Mator: кодор- (kodor-)


könsä

Nganasan: куньди (kunʹdji)

Enets:

Forest Enets: сосе (sose, sɔse), созе (soze, sɔze, “belly, stomach”)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: шоньша (šonʹša)

Tundra Nenets: сёнзя (syonzya)

>? Proto-Selkup: *šünťə (← *künjɜ)

Northern Selkup: шӱньчы (šünjćy), сӱньчы (sünjćy)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: шуньҗь (šun’ǯ’)

Upper Ob: сідде (süddje)


kunə-

Nganasan: кунәдя (kunədja)

Enets:

Forest Enets: кунуҫь (kunuš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: кунаш (kunaš)

Tundra Nenets: хунӑсь (xunăsʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *kūnə-

Northern Selkup: кӯныӄо (kūnyqo)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄӯнэгу (qūnegu)

Upper Ob: куунэгу (kuunegu)


kuntə

Nganasan: кунтіә (kuntiə)

Nenets:

⇒ Forest Nenets: кунат (kunat, “length”)

⇒ Tundra Nenets: хунˮ (xun), хунӑд (xunăd°, “length”)

Proto-Selkup: *kuntə

Northern Selkup: кунты (kunty)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄунд (qund), ӄу́ндэ (qúnde)

Upper Ob: кудд (kudd), кунн (kunn)


kuntəkå

Nganasan: кунтәгуо (kuntəguo)

Enets:

Forest Enets: кудаха (kudaha)

⇒ Tundra Enets: кудахааʼ (kudahaaʔ, “for a long time”)

Proto-Selkup: *kuntək

Northern Selkup: кунтык (kuntyk), кунтыӈ (kuntyŋ)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ку́ндэк (kúndek)

Upper Ob: куддок (kuddok)

>? Kamassian: кхӱӈгеʼ (kʰüŋgeʔ)

Koibal: кунга (kunga)

Mator: кундәга (kundəga), кундәгу (kundəgu)


kuŋkoj

Nganasan: күӈгүде (küŋgüdje)

Enets:

Forest Enets: кугуй (kuguj)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: хуӈго (xuŋgo)

Mator: коӈгой (koŋgoj)


kurå-

>? Nganasan: күрүдя (kürüdja, “to entangle”)

Enets:

Forest Enets: кураҫь (kuraš')

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: куԓаш (kułaš)

Tundra Nenets: хурась (xurasʹ°)

Proto-Selkup: *kurə-

Northern Selkup: курыӄо (kuryqo, “to wrap up”)

Southern Selkup:

Upper Ob: курэгу (kuregu)

>? Kamassian: кхӱрзьәт (kʰürźət)

>? Koibal: кӱр- (kür-)

Mator: курә- (kurə-)

Uncertain. Resembles Proto-Finno-Permic *kuda- (“to spin, weave”), but the preservation of PU *u before the stem vowel *a would be irregular (compare *kəptå- ← *kupsa-, *kərå ← *kura, *mənå ← *muna, etc.).


küń

Nganasan: кииӈ (kiiŋ)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: сюʼ (syuh)

Proto-Selkup: *šȫń

Northern Selkup: шӧнь (šönj), сӧнь (sönj)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: шӧль (šöl’)

Upper Ob: сійга (süjga)

Mator: кӱй (küj)


kütə

Enets:

>? Forest Enets: ҫуз (šuz, “breast”)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: шуты (šuti)

Tundra Nenets: сюды (syudi)

Proto-Selkup: *šǖtə

Northern Selkup: шӱты (šüty), сӱты (süty)

⇒? Kamassian: шӱшкӱ (šüškü)