See yoki in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kikai",
"lang_code": "kzg",
"roman": "yuchi",
"word": "雪"
},
{
"lang": "Kunigami",
"lang_code": "xug",
"roman": "yuchī",
"word": "雪"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Amami Ōshima",
"lang_code": "ryn",
"roman": "yuki-",
"word": "雪"
},
{
"lang": "Okinawan",
"lang_code": "ryu",
"roman": "yuchi",
"word": "雪"
},
{
"lang": "Okinoerabu",
"lang_code": "okn",
"roman": "yuki",
"word": "雪"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima",
"lang_code": "ams",
"roman": "yuk",
"word": "雪"
},
{
"lang": "Tokunoshima",
"lang_code": "tkn",
"roman": "yuki",
"word": "雪"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Ryukyuan",
"lang_code": "und",
"roman": "/ju.ki/",
"word": "유기"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Miyako",
"lang_code": "mvi",
"roman": "yukɿ",
"word": "雪"
},
{
"lang": "Yonaguni",
"lang_code": "yoi",
"roman": "duti",
"word": "雪"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Ryukyuan",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jpx-ryu-pro",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*yoki",
"t": "hail, snow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *yoki (“hail, snow”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Japonic *yoki (“hail, snow”).\nAs it does not snow in the Ryukyu Islands, most dialects, particularly Okinawan, use this word with the meaning 'hail'.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jpx-ryu-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*yoki",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Ryukyuan",
"lang_code": "jpx-ryu-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Ryukyuan/yoki",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 6 29 6 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 3 31 3 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 3 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Ryukyuan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hail"
],
"id": "en-yoki-jpx-ryu-pro-noun-H2Y5qKUc",
"links": [
[
"hail",
"hail"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(precipitation) hail"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"snow"
],
"id": "en-yoki-jpx-ryu-pro-noun-p0YiLwnY",
"links": [
[
"snow",
"snow"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "yoki"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Asama",
"lang_code": "as",
"roman": "jùː⸢kí",
"word": "ユーキ"
},
{
"lang": "Kametsu",
"lang_code": "tkn",
"roman": "jú⸣kɪ̀",
"word": "ユキ"
}
],
"lang": "Tokunoshima",
"lang_code": "tkn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "China",
"lang_code": "okn",
"roman": "jùː⸢kʰí",
"word": "ユーキ"
},
{
"lang": "Wadomari",
"lang_code": "okn",
"roman": "jùt⸢tɕí",
"word": "ユッチ"
}
],
"lang": "Okinoerabu",
"lang_code": "okn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Mugiya Higashi-ku",
"lang_code": "yox",
"word": "ユイキ"
}
],
"lang": "Yoron",
"lang_code": "yox"
}
],
"lang": "Amami",
"lang_code": "tkn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ie",
"lang_code": "xug",
"word": "ユチ"
},
{
"lang": "Nakijin",
"lang_code": "xug",
"sense": "hammer",
"word": "ユチ"
}
],
"lang": "Kunigami (Northern Okinawa)",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Shuri",
"lang_code": "ryu",
"word": "ユーチ"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Okinawa",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Okinawan",
"lang_code": "ryu"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Ryukyuan",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hirara",
"lang_code": "mvi",
"word": "ユキゥ"
},
{
"lang": "Ikema",
"lang_code": "mvi",
"word": "ユキゥ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Nakachi",
"lang_code": "mvi",
"word": "ユチゥ"
}
],
"lang": "Irabu",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Minna",
"lang_code": "mvi",
"word": "ユキ"
},
{
"lang": "Tarama",
"lang_code": "mvi",
"word": "ユキゥ"
}
],
"lang": "Tarama-Minna",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Miyako",
"lang_code": "mvi"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hatoma",
"lang_code": "rys",
"word": "ユッキ"
},
{
"lang": "Ishigaki",
"lang_code": "rys",
"word": "ユキゥ"
},
{
"lang": "Taketomi",
"lang_code": "rys",
"word": "ユキ"
}
],
"lang": "Nuclear-Yaeyama",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Yonaguni",
"lang_code": "yoi",
"word": "ドゥティ"
}
],
"lang": "Yaeyama",
"lang_code": "rys"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Ryukyuan (Sakishima)",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "斧",
"pos": "obsolete or dialectal",
"t": "hatchet",
"tr": "yoki"
},
"expansion": "Japanese 斧 (yoki, “hatchet”, obsolete or dialectal)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Japanese 斧 (yoki, “hatchet”, obsolete or dialectal). Presumably from Proto-Japonic, but the word is attested too late to precisely reconstruct a vowel.\nThe vowel lengthening in some Northern Ryukyuan dialects and the medial -i- in the Yoron Mugiya Higashi-ku dialect suggests an earlier derivation *yo(C)Vki.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jpx-ryu-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*yoki",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Ryukyuan",
"lang_code": "jpx-ryu-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Ryukyuan/yoki",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 6 29 6 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 3 31 3 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hatchet"
],
"id": "en-yoki-jpx-ryu-pro-noun-W2leVvsk",
"links": [
[
"hatchet",
"hatchet"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "yoki"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Ryukyuan entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Ryukyuan lemmas",
"Proto-Ryukyuan nouns",
"Proto-Ryukyuan terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
"Proto-Ryukyuan terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
"jpx-ryu-pro:Atmospheric phenomena",
"jpx-ryu-pro:Weather",
"jpx-ryu-pro:Winter"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kikai",
"lang_code": "kzg",
"roman": "yuchi",
"word": "雪"
},
{
"lang": "Kunigami",
"lang_code": "xug",
"roman": "yuchī",
"word": "雪"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Amami Ōshima",
"lang_code": "ryn",
"roman": "yuki-",
"word": "雪"
},
{
"lang": "Okinawan",
"lang_code": "ryu",
"roman": "yuchi",
"word": "雪"
},
{
"lang": "Okinoerabu",
"lang_code": "okn",
"roman": "yuki",
"word": "雪"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima",
"lang_code": "ams",
"roman": "yuk",
"word": "雪"
},
{
"lang": "Tokunoshima",
"lang_code": "tkn",
"roman": "yuki",
"word": "雪"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Ryukyuan",
"lang_code": "und",
"roman": "/ju.ki/",
"word": "유기"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Miyako",
"lang_code": "mvi",
"roman": "yukɿ",
"word": "雪"
},
{
"lang": "Yonaguni",
"lang_code": "yoi",
"roman": "duti",
"word": "雪"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Ryukyuan",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jpx-ryu-pro",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*yoki",
"t": "hail, snow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *yoki (“hail, snow”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Japonic *yoki (“hail, snow”).\nAs it does not snow in the Ryukyu Islands, most dialects, particularly Okinawan, use this word with the meaning 'hail'.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jpx-ryu-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*yoki",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Ryukyuan",
"lang_code": "jpx-ryu-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Ryukyuan/yoki",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hail"
],
"links": [
[
"hail",
"hail"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(precipitation) hail"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"snow"
],
"links": [
[
"snow",
"snow"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "yoki"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Ryukyuan entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Ryukyuan lemmas",
"Proto-Ryukyuan nouns",
"jpx-ryu-pro:Atmospheric phenomena",
"jpx-ryu-pro:Weather",
"jpx-ryu-pro:Winter"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Asama",
"lang_code": "as",
"roman": "jùː⸢kí",
"word": "ユーキ"
},
{
"lang": "Kametsu",
"lang_code": "tkn",
"roman": "jú⸣kɪ̀",
"word": "ユキ"
}
],
"lang": "Tokunoshima",
"lang_code": "tkn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "China",
"lang_code": "okn",
"roman": "jùː⸢kʰí",
"word": "ユーキ"
},
{
"lang": "Wadomari",
"lang_code": "okn",
"roman": "jùt⸢tɕí",
"word": "ユッチ"
}
],
"lang": "Okinoerabu",
"lang_code": "okn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Mugiya Higashi-ku",
"lang_code": "yox",
"word": "ユイキ"
}
],
"lang": "Yoron",
"lang_code": "yox"
}
],
"lang": "Amami",
"lang_code": "tkn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ie",
"lang_code": "xug",
"word": "ユチ"
},
{
"lang": "Nakijin",
"lang_code": "xug",
"sense": "hammer",
"word": "ユチ"
}
],
"lang": "Kunigami (Northern Okinawa)",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Shuri",
"lang_code": "ryu",
"word": "ユーチ"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Okinawa",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Okinawan",
"lang_code": "ryu"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Ryukyuan",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hirara",
"lang_code": "mvi",
"word": "ユキゥ"
},
{
"lang": "Ikema",
"lang_code": "mvi",
"word": "ユキゥ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Nakachi",
"lang_code": "mvi",
"word": "ユチゥ"
}
],
"lang": "Irabu",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Minna",
"lang_code": "mvi",
"word": "ユキ"
},
{
"lang": "Tarama",
"lang_code": "mvi",
"word": "ユキゥ"
}
],
"lang": "Tarama-Minna",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Miyako",
"lang_code": "mvi"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hatoma",
"lang_code": "rys",
"word": "ユッキ"
},
{
"lang": "Ishigaki",
"lang_code": "rys",
"word": "ユキゥ"
},
{
"lang": "Taketomi",
"lang_code": "rys",
"word": "ユキ"
}
],
"lang": "Nuclear-Yaeyama",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Yonaguni",
"lang_code": "yoi",
"word": "ドゥティ"
}
],
"lang": "Yaeyama",
"lang_code": "rys"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Ryukyuan (Sakishima)",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "斧",
"pos": "obsolete or dialectal",
"t": "hatchet",
"tr": "yoki"
},
"expansion": "Japanese 斧 (yoki, “hatchet”, obsolete or dialectal)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Japanese 斧 (yoki, “hatchet”, obsolete or dialectal). Presumably from Proto-Japonic, but the word is attested too late to precisely reconstruct a vowel.\nThe vowel lengthening in some Northern Ryukyuan dialects and the medial -i- in the Yoron Mugiya Higashi-ku dialect suggests an earlier derivation *yo(C)Vki.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jpx-ryu-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*yoki",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Ryukyuan",
"lang_code": "jpx-ryu-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Ryukyuan/yoki",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hatchet"
],
"links": [
[
"hatchet",
"hatchet"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "yoki"
}
Download raw JSONL data for yoki meaning in Proto-Ryukyuan (5.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Ryukyuan dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (d1270d2 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.