See variš in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Komi-Permyak",
"lang_code": "koi",
"roman": "varýš",
"word": "вары́ш"
},
{
"lang": "Komi-Yazva",
"lang_code": "urj-kya",
"roman": "váriš",
"word": "ва́риш"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Eastern Khanty",
"lang_code": "kca-eas",
"roman": "wărəs",
"tags": [
"Surgut"
],
"word": "вӑрәс"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Khanty",
"lang_code": "kca-nor",
"roman": "worš",
"tags": [
"Kazym"
],
"word": "ворш"
}
],
"lang": "Khanty",
"lang_code": "unknown",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
],
"lang": "Komi-Zyrian",
"lang_code": "kpv",
"roman": "varyš",
"word": "варыш"
}
],
"lang": "Komi",
"lang_code": "kv"
},
{
"lang": "Udmurt",
"lang_code": "udm",
"roman": "varyš",
"word": "варыш"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chm-pro",
"2": "*wäräš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mari *wäräš",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "*warᴈ",
"3": "",
"4": "crow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *warᴈ (“crow”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*varis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *varis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*vuorëč"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *vuorëč",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Proto-Mari *wäräš.\nPerhaps somehow derived from Proto-Uralic *warᴈ (“crow”), in which case related to Proto-Finnic *varis and Proto-Samic *vuorëč.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "variš-",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-prm-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "variš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "variš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišäs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjasäs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjasän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varištäk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"caritive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjastäk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"caritive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjasla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišlän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjaslän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišliś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjasliś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjasli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjasin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišiś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjasiś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjasä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišśań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"egressive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjasśań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"egressive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišlań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjaslań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišäʒ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjasäʒ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "varišti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjasti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "stem",
"4": "*variš-"
},
"expansion": "*variš (stem *variš-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "urj-prm-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Permic",
"lang_code": "urj-prm-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Permic/variš",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Permic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hawk"
],
"id": "en-variš-urj-prm-pro-noun-ATm8Xeuq",
"links": [
[
"hawk",
"hawk"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "variš"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Komi-Permyak",
"lang_code": "koi",
"roman": "varýš",
"word": "вары́ш"
},
{
"lang": "Komi-Yazva",
"lang_code": "urj-kya",
"roman": "váriš",
"word": "ва́риш"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Eastern Khanty",
"lang_code": "kca-eas",
"roman": "wărəs",
"tags": [
"Surgut"
],
"word": "вӑрәс"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Khanty",
"lang_code": "kca-nor",
"roman": "worš",
"tags": [
"Kazym"
],
"word": "ворш"
}
],
"lang": "Khanty",
"lang_code": "unknown",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
],
"lang": "Komi-Zyrian",
"lang_code": "kpv",
"roman": "varyš",
"word": "варыш"
}
],
"lang": "Komi",
"lang_code": "kv"
},
{
"lang": "Udmurt",
"lang_code": "udm",
"roman": "varyš",
"word": "варыш"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chm-pro",
"2": "*wäräš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mari *wäräš",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "*warᴈ",
"3": "",
"4": "crow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *warᴈ (“crow”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*varis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *varis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*vuorëč"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *vuorëč",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Proto-Mari *wäräš.\nPerhaps somehow derived from Proto-Uralic *warᴈ (“crow”), in which case related to Proto-Finnic *varis and Proto-Samic *vuorëč.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "variš-",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-prm-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "variš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "variš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišäs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjasäs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjasän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varištäk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"caritive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjastäk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"caritive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjasla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišlän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjaslän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišliś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjasliś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjasli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjasin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišiś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjasiś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjasä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišśań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"egressive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjasśań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"egressive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišlań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjaslań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "varišäʒ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjasäʒ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "varišti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "varišjasti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "stem",
"4": "*variš-"
},
"expansion": "*variš (stem *variš-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "urj-prm-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Permic",
"lang_code": "urj-prm-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Permic/variš",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Permic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Permic lemmas",
"Proto-Permic nouns",
"urj-prm-pro:Birds of prey"
],
"glosses": [
"hawk"
],
"links": [
[
"hawk",
"hawk"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "variš"
}
Download raw JSONL data for variš meaning in Proto-Permic (4.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Permic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.