kʷekʷō

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*kʷekʷō first-singular present indicative

kʷekʷō (active first-person indicative present singular)
kʷekʷōr (first-person indicative passive present singular)
kʷekʷes (active indicative present second-person singular)
kʷekʷezo (indicative passive present second-person singular)
kʷekʷet (active indicative present singular third-person)
kʷekʷetor (indicative passive present singular third-person)
kʷekʷomos (active first-person indicative plural present)
kʷekʷomor (first-person indicative passive plural present)
kʷekʷetes (active indicative plural present second-person)
kʷekʷem(e?)n (indicative passive plural present second-person)
kʷekʷont (active indicative plural present third-person)
kʷekʷontor (indicative passive plural present third-person)
kʷekʷām (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
kʷekʷār (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
kʷekʷās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
kʷekʷāzo (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
kʷekʷād (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
kʷekʷātor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
kʷekʷāmos (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
kʷekʷāmor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
kʷekʷātes (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
kʷekʷām(e?)n (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
kʷekʷānd (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
kʷekʷāntor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
kʷeksai (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
kʷeksistai? (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
kʷeksei (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
kʷeksme? (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
kʷekse (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
kʷeksēri (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
kʷekʷe (active imperative present second-person singular)
kʷekʷezo (imperative passive present second-person singular)
kʷekʷete (active imperative plural present second-person)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
kʷekʷetōd (active future imperative)
kʷekʷents (present)
kʷoktos (past)
kʷoktum (tu-derivative)
kʷekʷezi (s-derivative)

Latin: coquō (see there for further descendants)

From earlier *pékʷoh₂ by *p-kʷ assimilation, from Proto-Indo-European *pékʷeti (“to cook, become ripe”).


augeō

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*augeō first-singular present indicative

augeō first-singular present indicative (canonical)
augeō (active first-person indicative present singular)
augeōr (first-person indicative passive present singular)
augēs (active indicative present second-person singular)
augēzo (indicative passive present second-person singular)
augēt (active indicative present singular third-person)
augētor (indicative passive present singular third-person)
augēmos (active first-person indicative plural present)
augēmor (first-person indicative passive plural present)
augētes (active indicative plural present second-person)
augēm(e?)n (indicative passive plural present second-person)
augeont (active indicative plural present third-person)
augeontor (indicative passive plural present third-person)
augeām (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
augeār (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
augeās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
augeāzo (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
augeād (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
augeātor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
augeāmos (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
augeāmor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
augeātes (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
augeām(e?)n (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
augeānd (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
augeāntor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
auksai (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
auksistai (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
aukse (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
auksed (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
auksomos (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
auksistes (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
auksēri (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
augē (active imperative present second-person singular)
augēzo (imperative passive present second-person singular)
augēte (active imperative plural present second-person)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
augētōd (active future imperative)
augēnts (present)
auktos (past)
auktum (tu-derivative)
augēzi (s-derivative)

Latin: augeō

From ealier *augejō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂owg-éye-, causative of *h₂ewg-, metathesis or re-analyzation from *h₂weg-.


jungō

*jungō first-singular present indicative

jungō first-singular present indicative (canonical)
jungō (active first-person indicative present singular)
jungōr (first-person indicative passive present singular)
junges (active indicative present second-person singular)
jungezo (indicative passive present second-person singular)
junget (active indicative present singular third-person)
jungetor (indicative passive present singular third-person)
jungomos (active first-person indicative plural present)
jungomor (first-person indicative passive plural present)
jungetes (active indicative plural present second-person)
jungem(e?)n (indicative passive plural present second-person)
jungont (active indicative plural present third-person)
jungontor (indicative passive plural present third-person)
jungām (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
jungār (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
jungās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
jungāzo (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
jungād (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
jungātor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
jungāmos (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
jungāmor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
jungātes (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
jungām(e?)n (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
jungānd (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
jungāntor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
juksai (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
juksistai? (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
juksei (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
juksme? (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
jukse (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
juksēri (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
junge (active imperative present second-person singular)
jungezo (imperative passive present second-person singular)
jungete (active imperative plural present second-person)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
jungetōd (active future imperative)
jungents (present)
juktos (past)
juktum (tu-derivative)
jungezi (s-derivative)

Proto-Italic: *jouksmənta

Latin: iungō

From Proto-Indo-European *yunégti ~ *yungénti, from the root *yewg-.


kneiɣʷēō

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*kneiɣʷēō first-singular present indicative

kneiɣʷēō (active first-person indicative present singular)
kneiɣʷēōr (first-person indicative passive present singular)
kneiɣʷēs (active indicative present second-person singular)
kneiɣʷēzo (indicative passive present second-person singular)
kneiɣʷēt (active indicative present singular third-person)
kneiɣʷētor (indicative passive present singular third-person)
kneiɣʷēmos (active first-person indicative plural present)
kneiɣʷēmor (first-person indicative passive plural present)
kneiɣʷētes (active indicative plural present second-person)
kneiɣʷēm(e?)n (indicative passive plural present second-person)
kneiɣʷēnt (active indicative plural present third-person)
kneiɣʷēntor (indicative passive plural present third-person)
kneiɣʷēām (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
kneiɣʷēār (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
kneiɣʷēās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
kneiɣʷēāzo (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
kneiɣʷēād (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
kneiɣʷēātor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
kneiɣʷēāmos (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
kneiɣʷēāmor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
kneiɣʷēātes (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
kneiɣʷēām(e?)n (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
kneiɣʷēānd (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
kneiɣʷēāntor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
kneiksai (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
kneiksistai (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
kneikse (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
kneiksed (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
kneiksomos (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
kneiksistes (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
kneiksēri (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
kneiɣʷē (active imperative present second-person singular)
kneiɣʷēzo (imperative passive present second-person singular)
kneiɣʷēte (active imperative plural present second-person)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
kneiɣʷētōd (active future imperative)
kneiɣʷēnts (present)
kniktum (tu-derivative)
kneiɣʷēzi (s-derivative)

Latin: *nīveō

Proto-Italic: *konkneiɣʷēō (prefixed form *kon- + *kneiɣʷēō)

Latin: cōnnīveō > cōnīveō (prefixed form con- + *nīveō), nictō (from the past participle)

From earlier *kneiɣʷējō, from Proto-Indo-European *kneygʷʰ-éh₁y-eti, from *kneygʷʰ- (“to bend, to droop”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *hnīwaną.


feigʷō

*feigʷō first-singular present indicative

feigʷō (active first-person indicative present singular)
feigʷōr (first-person indicative passive present singular)
feigʷes (active indicative present second-person singular)
feigʷezo (indicative passive present second-person singular)
feigʷet (active indicative present singular third-person)
feigʷetor (indicative passive present singular third-person)
feigʷomos (active first-person indicative plural present)
feigʷomor (first-person indicative passive plural present)
feigʷetes (active indicative plural present second-person)
feigʷem(e?)n (indicative passive plural present second-person)
feigʷont (active indicative plural present third-person)
feigʷontor (indicative passive plural present third-person)
feigʷām (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
feigʷār (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
feigʷās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
feigʷāzo (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
feigʷād (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
feigʷātor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
feigʷāmos (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
feigʷāmor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
feigʷātes (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
feigʷām(e?)n (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
feigʷānd (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
feigʷāntor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
feiksai (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
feiksistai? (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
feiksei (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
feiksme? (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
feikse (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
feiksēri (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
feigʷe (active imperative present second-person singular)
feigʷezo (imperative passive present second-person singular)
feigʷete (active imperative plural present second-person)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
feigʷetōd (active future imperative)
feigʷents (present)
fiktos (past)
fiktum (tu-derivative)
feigʷezi (s-derivative)

Latin: fīvō, later fīgō

Osco-Umbrian:

desc

Oscan: 𐌚𐌉𐌚𐌉𐌊𐌖𐌔 (fifikus, 2sg. fut. perf.)

Umbrian: 𐌚𐌉𐌊𐌕𐌖 (fiktu, 3sg. imperative)

From earlier *θeigʷō, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰéygʷeti, from *dʰeygʷ- (“to stick, set up”).


-eō

-eō (active first-person indicative present singular)
-eōr (first-person indicative passive present singular)
-ēs (active indicative present second-person singular)
-ēzo (indicative passive present second-person singular)
-ēt (active indicative present singular third-person)
-ētor (indicative passive present singular third-person)
-ēmos (active first-person indicative plural present)
-ēmor (first-person indicative passive plural present)
-ētes (active indicative plural present second-person)
-ēm(e?)n (indicative passive plural present second-person)
-eont (active indicative plural present third-person)
-eontor (indicative passive plural present third-person)
-eām (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
-eār (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
-eās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
-eāzo (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
-eād (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
-eātor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
-eāmos (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
-eāmor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
-eātes (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
-eām(e?)n (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
-eānd (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
-eāntor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
-sai (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
-sistai (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
-se (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
-sed (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
-somos (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
-sistes (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
-sēri (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
-ē (active imperative present second-person singular)
-ēzo (imperative passive present second-person singular)
-ēte (active imperative plural present second-person)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
-ētōd (active future imperative)
-ēnts (present)
-tos (past)
-tum (tu-derivative)
-ēzi (s-derivative)

Latin: -eō, -ēre (second conjugation)

From earlier *-ejō, from Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti (causative) in which the first person singular ended in *-éyoh₂. Cognate with Proto-Germanic *-janą, Proto-Balto-Slavic *-éiˀtei (whence Proto-Slavic *-iti).

Forms causative verbs from basic (3rd conjugation) verbs.


flūō

flūō first-singular present indicative (canonical)
flūō (active first-person indicative present singular)
flūōr (first-person indicative passive present singular)
flūes (active indicative present second-person singular)
flūezo (indicative passive present second-person singular)
flūet (active indicative present singular third-person)
flūetor (indicative passive present singular third-person)
flūomos (active first-person indicative plural present)
flūomor (first-person indicative passive plural present)
flūetes (active indicative plural present second-person)
flūem(e?)n (indicative passive plural present second-person)
flūont (active indicative plural present third-person)
flūontor (indicative passive plural present third-person)
flūām (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
flūār (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
flūās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
flūāzo (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
flūād (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
flūātor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
flūāmos (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
flūāmor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
flūātes (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
flūām(e?)n (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
flūānd (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
flūāntor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
flūzai (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
flūzistai? (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
flūzei (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
flūzme? (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
flūze (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
flūzēri (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
flūe (active imperative present second-person singular)
flūezo (imperative passive present second-person singular)
flūete (active imperative plural present second-person)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
flūetōd (active future imperative)
flūents (present)
flūssos (past)
flūssum (tu-derivative)
flūezi (s-derivative)

Latin: fluō (see there for further descendants)

From earlier *flūjō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰluH-yé-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰlewH-.
Alternatively reconstructed as *fluwō, from earlier *flowō, from *bʰléwH-ti ~ *bʰluH-énti, from the same root. Not related to English flow, which is inherited from *plew-.


kʷettwōr

kʷettwores (masculine nominative plural)
kʷettwores (feminine nominative plural)
kʷettwōr (neuter nominative plural)
kʷettworəns (accusative masculine plural)
kʷettworəns (accusative feminine plural)
kʷettwōr (accusative neuter plural)
kʷaturom (genitive masculine plural)
kʷaturom (feminine genitive plural)
kʷaturom (genitive neuter plural)
kʷattworβos (dative masculine plural)
kʷattworβos (dative feminine plural)
kʷattworβos (dative neuter plural)
kʷattworβos (ablative masculine plural)
kʷattworβos (ablative feminine plural)
kʷattworβos (ablative neuter plural)
kʷattworβos (locative masculine plural)
kʷattworβos (feminine locative plural)
kʷattworβos (locative neuter plural)

Latin: quattuor (see there for further descendants)

Oscan: 𐌐𐌄𐌕𐌕𐌉𐌖𐌓 (pettiur)

Umbrian: 𐌐𐌄𐌕𐌖𐌓 (petur)

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwṓr, neuter plural of *kʷetwóres.


enratos

enratos (masculine nominative singular)
enratā (feminine nominative singular)
enratom (neuter nominative singular)
enrate (masculine singular vocative)
enrata (feminine singular vocative)
enratom (neuter singular vocative)
enratom (accusative masculine singular)
enratam (accusative feminine singular)
enratom (accusative neuter singular)
enratosjo (genitive masculine singular)
enratī (genitive masculine singular)
enratās (feminine genitive singular)
enratosjo (genitive neuter singular)
enratī (genitive neuter singular)
enratōi (dative masculine singular)
enratāi (dative feminine singular)
enratōi (dative neuter singular)
enratōd (ablative masculine singular)
enratād (ablative feminine singular)
enratōd (ablative neuter singular)
enratei (locative masculine singular)
enratāi (feminine locative singular)
enratei (locative neuter singular)
enratōs (masculine nominative plural)
enratoi (masculine nominative plural)
enratās (feminine nominative plural)
enratā (neuter nominative plural)
enratōs (masculine plural vocative)
enratoi (masculine plural vocative)
enratās (feminine plural vocative)
enratā (neuter plural vocative)
enratons (accusative masculine plural)
enratans (accusative feminine plural)
enratā (accusative neuter plural)
enratom (genitive masculine plural)
enratāzōm (feminine genitive plural)
enratom (genitive neuter plural)
enratois (dative masculine plural)
enratais (dative feminine plural)
enratois (dative neuter plural)
enratois (ablative masculine plural)
enratais (ablative feminine plural)
enratois (ablative neuter plural)
enratois (locative masculine plural)
enratais (feminine locative plural)
enratois (locative neuter plural)

Latin: irritus

From *en- + *ratos, past participle of *rēōr, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂reh₁- (“to think”).


rēōr

rēōr first-singular present indicative (canonical)
rēōr (active first-person indicative present singular)
rēzo (active indicative present second-person singular)
rētor (active indicative present singular third-person)
rēmor (active first-person indicative plural present)
rēm(e?)n (active indicative plural present second-person)
rēntor (active indicative plural present third-person)
rēār (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
rēāzo (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
rēātor (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
rēāmor (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
rēām(e?)n (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
rēāntor (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
rēzo (active imperative present second-person singular)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
rēnts (present)
ratum (tu-derivative)
rēzi (s-derivative)

Latin: reor

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂reh₁- (“to think”).


aimelos

aimelos (masculine nominative singular)
aimelā (feminine nominative singular)
aimelom (neuter nominative singular)
aimele (masculine singular vocative)
aimela (feminine singular vocative)
aimelom (neuter singular vocative)
aimelom (accusative masculine singular)
aimelam (accusative feminine singular)
aimelom (accusative neuter singular)
aimelosjo (genitive masculine singular)
aimelī (genitive masculine singular)
aimelās (feminine genitive singular)
aimelosjo (genitive neuter singular)
aimelī (genitive neuter singular)
aimelōi (dative masculine singular)
aimelāi (dative feminine singular)
aimelōi (dative neuter singular)
aimelōd (ablative masculine singular)
aimelād (ablative feminine singular)
aimelōd (ablative neuter singular)
aimelei (locative masculine singular)
aimelāi (feminine locative singular)
aimelei (locative neuter singular)
aimelōs (masculine nominative plural)
aimeloi (masculine nominative plural)
aimelās (feminine nominative plural)
aimelā (neuter nominative plural)
aimelōs (masculine plural vocative)
aimeloi (masculine plural vocative)
aimelās (feminine plural vocative)
aimelā (neuter plural vocative)
aimelons (accusative masculine plural)
aimelans (accusative feminine plural)
aimelā (accusative neuter plural)
aimelom (genitive masculine plural)
aimelāzōm (feminine genitive plural)
aimelom (genitive neuter plural)
aimelois (dative masculine plural)
aimelais (dative feminine plural)
aimelois (dative neuter plural)
aimelois (ablative masculine plural)
aimelais (ablative feminine plural)
aimelois (ablative neuter plural)
aimelois (locative masculine plural)
aimelais (feminine locative plural)
aimelois (locative neuter plural)

Latin: aemulus

From *aimos (“imitation”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eym- (“copy”). Related to *imā.


aimos

aimos (nominative singular)
aimōs (nominative plural)
aimoi (nominative plural)
aime (singular vocative)
aimōs (plural vocative)
aimoi (plural vocative)
aimom (accusative singular)
aimons (accusative plural)
aimosjo (genitive singular)
aimī (genitive singular)
aimom (genitive plural)
aimōi (dative singular)
aimois (dative plural)
aimōd (ablative singular)
aimois (ablative plural)
aimei (locative singular)
aimois (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eym- (“copy”). Related to *imā.


imā

imā (nominative singular)
imās (nominative plural)
ima (singular vocative)
imās (plural vocative)
imam (accusative singular)
imans (accusative plural)
imās (genitive singular)
imāzom (genitive plural)
imāi (dative singular)
imais (dative plural)
imād (ablative singular)
imais (ablative plural)
imāi (locative singular)
imais (locative plural)

Latin: imitor, imāgō

South Picene: imih

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eym- (“copy, image”). Cognate with *aimos.


aiwotāts

aiwotāts (nominative singular)
aiwotātes (nominative plural)
aiwotāts (singular vocative)
aiwotātes (plural vocative)
aiwotātem (accusative singular)
aiwotātens (accusative plural)
aiwotātes (genitive singular)
aiwotātos (genitive singular)
aiwotātom (genitive plural)
aiwotātei (dative singular)
aiwotātβos (dative plural)
aiwotāti? aiwotāte? (ablative singular)
aiwotātβos (ablative plural)
aiwotāti? aiwotāte? (locative singular)
aiwotātβos (locative plural)

Latin: aevitās (perhaps; or rather restored after Latin aevum)

Proto-Italic: *aiotāts

Latin: aetās (see there for further descendants)

Oscan: 𐌀𐌉𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌄𐌉𐌔 (aítateís) (gen. sg.), 𐌀𐌉𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌖𐌌 (aitatúm) (acc. sg.)

Paelignian: aetatu (acc. sg.?), aetate (abl. sg.)

From *aiwom (“age”) + *-tāts, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ey-u- (“vital energy”), from *h₂ey-.


-tāts

-tāts (nominative singular)
-tātes (nominative plural)
-tāts (singular vocative)
-tātes (plural vocative)
-tātem (accusative singular)
-tātens (accusative plural)
-tātes (genitive singular)
-tātos (genitive singular)
-tātom (genitive plural)
-tātei (dative singular)
-tātβos (dative plural)
-tāti? -tāte? (ablative singular)
-tātβos (ablative plural)
-tāti? -tāte? (locative singular)
-tātβos (locative plural)

Latin: -tās (see there for further descendants)

desc

⇒ *herent-tāts f (“Herentas, an Italic goddess”, noun)

Paelignian: (nom.sg.) herentas

Oscan:

(gen.sg.) 𐌇𐌄𐌓𐌄𐌍𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌄𐌉𐌔 (herentateis), 𐌇𐌄𐌓𐌄𐌕𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌄𐌔 (herettates)

(dat.sg.) 𐌇𐌄𐌓𐌄𐌍𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌄𐌝 (herentateí), 𐌇𐌄𐌓𐌄𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌄𐌉 (heretatei)

⇒ *louðor-tāts f (“liberty”, noun)

Latin: libertas

Faliscan: 𐌋𐌏𐌉𐌅𐌉𐌓𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌏 (loifirtato)

aiwom (“age”) > *aiwotāts (“age”)

juwenis (“young”) > *juwentāts (“youth”)

nogʷedos (“naked”) > *nogʷetāts (“nudity”)

seɣwēros (“severe”) > *seɣwērotāts (“severity”)

wēros (“true”) > *wērotāts (“truth”)

used to form nouns representing state of being


aiwom

aiwom (nominative singular)
aiwā (nominative plural)
aiwom (singular vocative)
aiwā (plural vocative)
aiwom (accusative singular)
aiwā (accusative plural)
aiwosjo (genitive singular)
aiwī (genitive singular)
aiwom (genitive plural)
aiwōi (dative singular)
aiwois (dative plural)
aiwōd (ablative singular)
aiwois (ablative plural)
aiwei (locative singular)
aiwois (locative plural)

Latin: aevum

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyu- (“vital energy”), from *h₂ey-.


haizēō

head

*haizēō first-singular present indicative

haizēō (active first-person indicative present singular)
haizēōr (first-person indicative passive present singular)
haizēs (active indicative present second-person singular)
haizēzo (indicative passive present second-person singular)
haizēt (active indicative present singular third-person)
haizētor (indicative passive present singular third-person)
haizēmos (active first-person indicative plural present)
haizēmor (first-person indicative passive plural present)
haizētes (active indicative plural present second-person)
haizēm(e?)n (indicative passive plural present second-person)
haizēnt (active indicative plural present third-person)
haizēntor (indicative passive plural present third-person)
haizēām (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
haizēār (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
haizēās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
haizēāzo (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
haizēād (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
haizēātor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
haizēāmos (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
haizēāmor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
haizēātes (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
haizēām(e?)n (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
haizēānd (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
haizēāntor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
haissai (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
haissistai (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
haisse (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
haissed (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
haissomos (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
haissistes (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
haissēri (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
haizē (active imperative present second-person singular)
haizēzo (imperative passive present second-person singular)
haizēte (active imperative plural present second-person)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
haizētōd (active future imperative)
haizēnts (present)
haistum (tu-derivative)
haizēzi (s-derivative)

Latin: haereō (see there for further descendants)

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʰays-éh₁-ye-ti, from a disputed root *gʰays- (“to adhere, follow”). Cognate with Latvian gaist.


pangō

*pangō first-singular present indicative

pangō first-singular present indicative (canonical)
pangō (active first-person indicative present singular)
pangōr (first-person indicative passive present singular)
panges (active indicative present second-person singular)
pangezo (indicative passive present second-person singular)
panget (active indicative present singular third-person)
pangetor (indicative passive present singular third-person)
pangomos (active first-person indicative plural present)
pangomor (first-person indicative passive plural present)
pangetes (active indicative plural present second-person)
pangem(e?)n (indicative passive plural present second-person)
pangont (active indicative plural present third-person)
pangontor (indicative passive plural present third-person)
pangām (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
pangār (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
pangās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
pangāzo (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
pangād (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
pangātor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
pangāmos (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
pangāmor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
pangātes (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
pangām(e?)n (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
pangānd (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
pangāntor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
pepagai (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
pepagistai? (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
pepagei (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
pepagme? (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
pepage (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
pepagēri (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
pange (active imperative present second-person singular)
pangezo (imperative passive present second-person singular)
pangete (active imperative plural present second-person)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
pangetōd (active future imperative)
pangents (present)
paktos (past)
paktum (tu-derivative)
pangezi (s-derivative)

Latin: pangō

desc

Oscan: prupukid (“ablative singular of an unattested *prō-pak-iom (“previous agreement”)”)

From Proto-Indo-European *ph₂-n-ǵ-, a nasal-infixed form of *peh₂ǵ- (“to attach, fasten”). Cognates include Ancient Greek πήγνυμι (pḗgnumi, “to attach, join”).


dweos

dweos (masculine nominative singular)
dweā (feminine nominative singular)
dweom (neuter nominative singular)
dwee (masculine singular vocative)
dwea (feminine singular vocative)
dweom (neuter singular vocative)
dweom (accusative masculine singular)
dweam (accusative feminine singular)
dweom (accusative neuter singular)
dweosjo (genitive masculine singular)
dweī (genitive masculine singular)
dweās (feminine genitive singular)
dweosjo (genitive neuter singular)
dweī (genitive neuter singular)
dweōi (dative masculine singular)
dweāi (dative feminine singular)
dweōi (dative neuter singular)
dweōd (ablative masculine singular)
dweād (ablative feminine singular)
dweōd (ablative neuter singular)
dweei (locative masculine singular)
dweāi (feminine locative singular)
dweei (locative neuter singular)
dweōs (masculine nominative plural)
dweoi (masculine nominative plural)
dweās (feminine nominative plural)
dweā (neuter nominative plural)
dweōs (masculine plural vocative)
dweoi (masculine plural vocative)
dweās (feminine plural vocative)
dweā (neuter plural vocative)
dweons (accusative masculine plural)
dweans (accusative feminine plural)
dweā (accusative neuter plural)
dweom (genitive masculine plural)
dweāzōm (feminine genitive plural)
dweom (genitive neuter plural)
dweois (dative masculine plural)
dweais (dative feminine plural)
dweois (dative neuter plural)
dweois (ablative masculine plural)
dweais (ablative feminine plural)
dweois (ablative neuter plural)
dweois (locative masculine plural)
dweais (feminine locative plural)
dweois (locative neuter plural)

Latin: beō (< *dweāō)


farβā

farβā (nominative singular)
farβās (nominative plural)
farβa (singular vocative)
farβās (plural vocative)
farβam (accusative singular)
farβans (accusative plural)
farβās (genitive singular)
farβāzom (genitive plural)
farβāi (dative singular)
farβais (dative plural)
farβād (ablative singular)
farβais (ablative plural)
farβāi (locative singular)
farβais (locative plural)

desc

Latin: barba (with the initial /b-/ from assimilation)

Osco-Umbrian:

→⇒? Italian: farfecchie (“moustaches”)

Probably from earlier *farðā, which is reconstructed in *farβātos, from earlier *farðātos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰéh₂ (“beard”).


wōks

wōks (nominative singular)
wokes (nominative plural)
wōks (singular vocative)
wokes (plural vocative)
wokem (accusative singular)
wokens (accusative plural)
wokes (genitive singular)
wokos (genitive singular)
wokom (genitive plural)
wokei (dative singular)
wokβos (dative plural)
woki? woke? (ablative singular)
wokβos (ablative plural)
woki? woke? (locative singular)
wokβos (locative plural)

Latin: vōx, vocō (either a denominative from the oblique stem *wokʷ- or from an intermediate derivative *wokʷ-ā < *wokʷ-eh₂)

Umbrian: 𐌔𐌖𐌁𐌏𐌂𐌏 (suboco, “invocation”) (< *sub-wok-(o-)); 𐌔𐌖𐌁𐌏𐌂𐌀𐌖𐌖 (subocauu), 𐌔𐌖𐌁𐌏𐌂𐌀𐌖 (subocau, “I invoke”) (< *sub-wok-ā-je-)

From Proto-Indo-European *wṓkʷs (“speech, voice”), an o-grade root noun of *wekʷ- (“to speak”). The change from /kʷ/ to /k/ is unexpected; the expected descendant of *wṓkʷs is *wokʷs or *wōkʷs, which would have yielded the Latin vox stem voqu- or vōqu-.


wegēō

head

*wegēō first-singular present indicative

wegēō first-singular present indicative (canonical)
wegēō (active first-person indicative present singular)
wegēōr (first-person indicative passive present singular)
wegēs (active indicative present second-person singular)
wegēzo (indicative passive present second-person singular)
wegēt (active indicative present singular third-person)
wegētor (indicative passive present singular third-person)
wegēmos (active first-person indicative plural present)
wegēmor (first-person indicative passive plural present)
wegētes (active indicative plural present second-person)
wegēm(e?)n (indicative passive plural present second-person)
wegēnt (active indicative plural present third-person)
wegēntor (indicative passive plural present third-person)
wegēām (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
wegēār (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
wegēās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
wegēāzo (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
wegēād (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
wegēātor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
wegēāmos (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
wegēāmor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
wegēātes (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
wegēām(e?)n (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
wegēānd (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
wegēāntor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
wegē (active imperative present second-person singular)
wegēzo (imperative passive present second-person singular)
wegēte (active imperative plural present second-person)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
wegētōd (active future imperative)
wegēnts (present)
wegatum (tu-derivative)
wegēzi (s-derivative)

Latin: vigeō (see there for further descendants)

From earlier *wegējō, from Proto-Indo-European *weǵ-eh₁-(ye)-, stative verb from *weǵ- (“to be lively”). Compare with the causative *wegeō.


wegeō

*wegeō first-singular present indicative

wegeō first-singular present indicative (canonical)
wegeō (active first-person indicative present singular)
wegeōr (first-person indicative passive present singular)
wegēs (active indicative present second-person singular)
wegēzo (indicative passive present second-person singular)
wegēt (active indicative present singular third-person)
wegētor (indicative passive present singular third-person)
wegēmos (active first-person indicative plural present)
wegēmor (first-person indicative passive plural present)
wegētes (active indicative plural present second-person)
wegēm(e?)n (indicative passive plural present second-person)
wegeont (active indicative plural present third-person)
wegeontor (indicative passive plural present third-person)
wegeām (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
wegeār (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
wegeās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
wegeāzo (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
wegeād (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
wegeātor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
wegeāmos (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
wegeāmor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
wegeātes (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
wegeām(e?)n (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
wegeānd (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
wegeāntor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
wegē (active imperative present second-person singular)
wegēzo (imperative passive present second-person singular)
wegēte (active imperative plural present second-person)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
wegētōd (active future imperative)
wegēnts (present)
wegetos (past)
wegetum (tu-derivative)
wegēzi (s-derivative)

Latin: vegeō

From earlier *wegejō, from Proto-Indo-European *woǵ-éye- with change to e-grade, causative verb from *weǵ- (“to be lively”). Compare with the stative *wegēō.


karkros

karkros (nominative singular)
karkrōs (nominative plural)
karkroi (nominative plural)
karkre (singular vocative)
karkrōs (plural vocative)
karkroi (plural vocative)
karkrom (accusative singular)
karkrons (accusative plural)
karkrosjo (genitive singular)
karkrī (genitive singular)
karkrom (genitive plural)
karkrōi (dative singular)
karkrois (dative plural)
karkrōd (ablative singular)
karkrois (ablative plural)
karkrei (locative singular)
karkrois (locative plural)

Latin: carcer (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-Indo-European *kr̥-kr̥- (“circular”), reduplication of *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”) in the sense of "enclosure".


kankros

kankros (nominative singular)
kankrōs (nominative plural)
kankroi (nominative plural)
kankre (singular vocative)
kankrōs (plural vocative)
kankroi (plural vocative)
kankrom (accusative singular)
kankrons (accusative plural)
kankrosjo (genitive singular)
kankrī (genitive singular)
kankrom (genitive plural)
kankrōi (dative singular)
kankrois (dative plural)
kankrōd (ablative singular)
kankrois (ablative plural)
kankrei (locative singular)
kankrois (locative plural)

Latin: cancer (see there for further descendants)

Dissimilation from *karkros, from Proto-Indo-European *kr̥-kr̥- (“circular”), reduplication of *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”) in the sense of "enclosure".
Semantic etymology: because the pincers of a crab form a circle.


faβros

faβros (nominative singular)
faβrōs (nominative plural)
faβroi (nominative plural)
faβre (singular vocative)
faβrōs (plural vocative)
faβroi (plural vocative)
faβrom (accusative singular)
faβrons (accusative plural)
faβrosjo (genitive singular)
faβrī (genitive singular)
faβrom (genitive plural)
faβrōi (dative singular)
faβrois (dative plural)
faβrōd (ablative singular)
faβrois (ablative plural)
faβrei (locative singular)
faβrois (locative plural)

Latin: faber

Paelignian: faber

From earlier *θaβros, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰh₂bʰ-ró-s, from *dʰh₂ebʰ- (“to fashion, fit”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *dobrъ (“good, fit”), Lithuanian dabà (“habit, character”), Armenian դարբին (darbin, “smith”), Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽 (gadaban, “to happen; to be suitable”), English daft, deft.


-foros

-feros (masculine nominative singular)
-ferā (feminine nominative singular)
-ferom (neuter nominative singular)
-fere (masculine singular vocative)
-fera (feminine singular vocative)
-ferom (neuter singular vocative)
-ferom (accusative masculine singular)
-feram (accusative feminine singular)
-ferom (accusative neuter singular)
-ferosjo (genitive masculine singular)
-ferī (genitive masculine singular)
-ferās (feminine genitive singular)
-ferosjo (genitive neuter singular)
-ferī (genitive neuter singular)
-ferōi (dative masculine singular)
-ferāi (dative feminine singular)
-ferōi (dative neuter singular)
-ferōd (ablative masculine singular)
-ferād (ablative feminine singular)
-ferōd (ablative neuter singular)
-ferei (locative masculine singular)
-ferāi (feminine locative singular)
-ferei (locative neuter singular)
-ferōs (masculine nominative plural)
-feroi (masculine nominative plural)
-ferās (feminine nominative plural)
-ferā (neuter nominative plural)
-ferōs (masculine plural vocative)
-feroi (masculine plural vocative)
-ferās (feminine plural vocative)
-ferā (neuter plural vocative)
-ferons (accusative masculine plural)
-ferans (accusative feminine plural)
-ferā (accusative neuter plural)
-ferom (genitive masculine plural)
-ferāzōm (feminine genitive plural)
-ferom (genitive neuter plural)
-ferois (dative masculine plural)
-ferais (dative feminine plural)
-ferois (dative neuter plural)
-ferois (ablative masculine plural)
-ferais (ablative feminine plural)
-ferois (ablative neuter plural)
-ferois (locative masculine plural)
-ferais (feminine locative plural)
-ferois (locative neuter plural)

Latin: -fer (-ifer)


rēks

rēks (nominative singular)
rēges (nominative plural)
rēks (singular vocative)
rēges (plural vocative)
rēgem (accusative singular)
rēgens (accusative plural)
rēges (genitive singular)
rēgos (genitive singular)
rēgom (genitive plural)
rēgei (dative singular)
rēgβos (dative plural)
rēgi? rēge? (ablative singular)
rēgβos (ablative plural)
rēgi? rēge? (locative singular)
rēgβos (locative plural)

Faliscan: 𐌓𐌄𐌗 (rex)

Latin: rēx


priōs

priōs (comparative masculine nominative singular)
priōs (comparative feminine nominative singular)
prīs (comparative neuter nominative singular)
priōs (comparative masculine singular vocative)
priōs (comparative feminine singular vocative)
prīs (comparative neuter singular vocative)
priōzem (accusative comparative masculine singular)
priōzem (accusative comparative feminine singular)
prīs (accusative comparative neuter singular)
priōzes (comparative genitive masculine singular)
priōzos (comparative genitive masculine singular)
priōzes (comparative feminine genitive singular)
priōzos (comparative feminine genitive singular)
prīzes (comparative genitive neuter singular)
prīzos (comparative genitive neuter singular)
priōzei (comparative dative masculine singular)
priōzei (comparative dative feminine singular)
prīzei (comparative dative neuter singular)
priōzi? priōze? (ablative comparative masculine singular)
priōzi? priōze? (ablative comparative feminine singular)
prīzi? prīze? (ablative comparative neuter singular)
priōzi? priōze? (comparative locative masculine singular)
priōzi? priōze? (comparative feminine locative singular)
prīzi? prīze? (comparative locative neuter singular)
priōzes (comparative masculine nominative plural)
priōzes (comparative feminine nominative plural)
priōzā (comparative neuter nominative plural)
priōzes (comparative masculine plural vocative)
priōzes (comparative feminine plural vocative)
priōzā (comparative neuter plural vocative)
priōzens (accusative comparative masculine plural)
priōzens (accusative comparative feminine plural)
priōzā (accusative comparative neuter plural)
priōzom (comparative genitive masculine plural)
priōzom (comparative feminine genitive plural)
priōzom (comparative genitive neuter plural)
priōzəβos (comparative dative masculine plural)
priōzəβos (comparative dative feminine plural)
priōzəβos (comparative dative neuter plural)
priōzəβos (ablative comparative masculine plural)
priōzəβos (ablative comparative feminine plural)
priōzəβos (ablative comparative neuter plural)
priōzəβos (comparative locative masculine plural)
priōzəβos (comparative feminine locative plural)
priōzəβos (comparative locative neuter plural)

Latin: prior (see there for further descendants)

From earlier *prijōs, from *pri (“before”) + *-jōs (forms comparative adjectives).


priismos

priisemos (masculine nominative singular)
priisemā (feminine nominative singular)
priisemom (neuter nominative singular)
priiseme (masculine singular vocative)
priisema (feminine singular vocative)
priisemom (neuter singular vocative)
priisemom (accusative masculine singular)
priisemam (accusative feminine singular)
priisemom (accusative neuter singular)
priisemosjo (genitive masculine singular)
priisemī (genitive masculine singular)
priisemās (feminine genitive singular)
priisemosjo (genitive neuter singular)
priisemī (genitive neuter singular)
priisemōi (dative masculine singular)
priisemāi (dative feminine singular)
priisemōi (dative neuter singular)
priisemōd (ablative masculine singular)
priisemād (ablative feminine singular)
priisemōd (ablative neuter singular)
priisemei (locative masculine singular)
priisemāi (feminine locative singular)
priisemei (locative neuter singular)
priisemōs (masculine nominative plural)
priisemoi (masculine nominative plural)
priisemās (feminine nominative plural)
priisemā (neuter nominative plural)
priisemōs (masculine plural vocative)
priisemoi (masculine plural vocative)
priisemās (feminine plural vocative)
priisemā (neuter plural vocative)
priisemons (accusative masculine plural)
priisemans (accusative feminine plural)
priisemā (accusative neuter plural)
priisemom (genitive masculine plural)
priisemāzōm (feminine genitive plural)
priisemom (genitive neuter plural)
priisemois (dative masculine plural)
priisemais (dative feminine plural)
priisemois (dative neuter plural)
priisemois (ablative masculine plural)
priisemais (ablative feminine plural)
priisemois (ablative neuter plural)
priisemois (locative masculine plural)
priisemais (feminine locative plural)
priisemois (locative neuter plural)

Latin: prīmus (see there for further descendants)

Paelignian: Prismu

From *pri (“before”) + *-isemos (forms superlative adjectives), corresponding to Proto-Indo-European *préh₂i + *-is- (zero-grade of *-yōs (“intensive/comparative suffix”)) + *-tm̥mós (“absolutive suffix”).


priisemokaps

priisemokaps (nominative singular)
priisemokapes (nominative plural)
priisemokaps (singular vocative)
priisemokapes (plural vocative)
priisemokapem (accusative singular)
priisemokapens (accusative plural)
priisemokapes (genitive singular)
priisemokapos (genitive singular)
priisemokapom (genitive plural)
priisemokapei (dative singular)
priisemokapβos (dative plural)
priisemokapi? priisemokape? (ablative singular)
priisemokapβos (ablative plural)
priisemokapi? priisemokape? (locative singular)
priisemokapβos (locative plural)

Latin: prīnceps

From *priisemos (“first”) + *-kaps (“catcher”).


priisemokaps

priisemokaps (masculine nominative singular)
priisemokaps (feminine nominative singular)
priisemokap (neuter nominative singular)
priisemokaps (masculine singular vocative)
priisemokaps (feminine singular vocative)
priisemokap (neuter singular vocative)
priisemokapem (accusative masculine singular)
priisemokapem (accusative feminine singular)
priisemokap (accusative neuter singular)
priisemokapes (genitive masculine singular)
priisemokapos (genitive masculine singular)
priisemokapes (feminine genitive singular)
priisemokapos (feminine genitive singular)
priisemokapes (genitive neuter singular)
priisemokapos (genitive neuter singular)
priisemokapei (dative masculine singular)
priisemokapei (dative feminine singular)
priisemokapei (dative neuter singular)
priisemokapi? priisemokape? (ablative masculine singular)
priisemokapi? priisemokape? (ablative feminine singular)
priisemokapi? priisemokape? (ablative neuter singular)
priisemokapi? priisemokape? (locative masculine singular)
priisemokapi? priisemokape? (feminine locative singular)
priisemokapi? priisemokape? (locative neuter singular)
priisemokapes (masculine nominative plural)
priisemokapes (feminine nominative plural)
priisemokapā (neuter nominative plural)
priisemokapes (masculine plural vocative)
priisemokapes (feminine plural vocative)
priisemokapā (neuter plural vocative)
priisemokapens (accusative masculine plural)
priisemokapens (accusative feminine plural)
priisemokapā (accusative neuter plural)
priisemokapom (genitive masculine plural)
priisemokapom (feminine genitive plural)
priisemokapom (genitive neuter plural)
priisemokapəβos (dative masculine plural)
priisemokapβos (dative feminine plural)
priisemokapβos (dative neuter plural)
priisemokapəβos (ablative masculine plural)
priisemokapβos (ablative feminine plural)
priisemokapβos (ablative neuter plural)
priisemokapəβos (locative masculine plural)
priisemokapβos (feminine locative plural)
priisemokapβos (locative neuter plural)

Latin: prīnceps


partikaps

partikaps (masculine nominative singular)
partikaps (feminine nominative singular)
partikap (neuter nominative singular)
partikaps (masculine singular vocative)
partikaps (feminine singular vocative)
partikap (neuter singular vocative)
partikapem (accusative masculine singular)
partikapem (accusative feminine singular)
partikap (accusative neuter singular)
partikapes (genitive masculine singular)
partikapos (genitive masculine singular)
partikapes (feminine genitive singular)
partikapos (feminine genitive singular)
partikapes (genitive neuter singular)
partikapos (genitive neuter singular)
partikapei (dative masculine singular)
partikapei (dative feminine singular)
partikapei (dative neuter singular)
partikapi? partikape? (ablative masculine singular)
partikapi? partikape? (ablative feminine singular)
partikapi? partikape? (ablative neuter singular)
partikapi? partikape? (locative masculine singular)
partikapi? partikape? (feminine locative singular)
partikapi? partikape? (locative neuter singular)
partikapes (masculine nominative plural)
partikapes (feminine nominative plural)
partikapā (neuter nominative plural)
partikapes (masculine plural vocative)
partikapes (feminine plural vocative)
partikapā (neuter plural vocative)
partikapens (accusative masculine plural)
partikapens (accusative feminine plural)
partikapā (accusative neuter plural)
partikapom (genitive masculine plural)
partikapom (feminine genitive plural)
partikapom (genitive neuter plural)
partikapəβos (dative masculine plural)
partikapβos (dative feminine plural)
partikapβos (dative neuter plural)
partikapəβos (ablative masculine plural)
partikapβos (ablative feminine plural)
partikapβos (ablative neuter plural)
partikapəβos (locative masculine plural)
partikapβos (feminine locative plural)
partikapβos (locative neuter plural)

Latin: particeps

From *partis (“part”) + *-kaps (“catcher”).


formokaps

formokaps (nominative singular)
formokapes (nominative plural)
formokaps (singular vocative)
formokapes (plural vocative)
formokapem (accusative singular)
formokapens (accusative plural)
formokapes (genitive singular)
formokapos (genitive singular)
formokapom (genitive plural)
formokapei (dative singular)
formokapβos (dative plural)
formokapi? formokape? (ablative singular)
formokapβos (ablative plural)
formokapi? formokape? (locative singular)
formokapβos (locative plural)

Latin: forceps

From earlier *xʷormokaps. Equivalent to *formos (“warm”) + *-kaps (“catcher”), because forceps are used to catch warm objects.


manukaps

manukaps (nominative singular)
manukapes (nominative plural)
manukaps (singular vocative)
manukapes (plural vocative)
manukapem (accusative singular)
manukapens (accusative plural)
manukapes (genitive singular)
manukapos (genitive singular)
manukapom (genitive plural)
manukapei (dative singular)
manukapβos (dative plural)
manukapi? manukape? (ablative singular)
manukapβos (ablative plural)
manukapi? manukape? (locative singular)
manukapβos (locative plural)

Latin: manceps

From *manus (“hand”) + *-kaps (“catcher”).


moinos

moinos (nominative singular)
moinezā (nominative plural)
moinos (singular vocative)
moinezā (plural vocative)
moinos (accusative singular)
moinezā (accusative plural)
moinezes (genitive singular)
moinezos (genitive singular)
moinezom (genitive plural)
moinezei (dative singular)
moinezβos (dative plural)
moinezi? moineze? (ablative singular)
moinezβos (ablative plural)
moinezi? moineze? (locative singular)
moinezβos (locative plural)

Latin: moenus, mūnus

Oscan: muinikeí

From Proto-Indo-European *moy-nós, from *mey- (“to change, swap”).


moinokaps

moinokaps (nominative singular)
moinokapes (nominative plural)
moinokaps (singular vocative)
moinokapes (plural vocative)
moinokapem (accusative singular)
moinokapens (accusative plural)
moinokapes (genitive singular)
moinokapos (genitive singular)
moinokapom (genitive plural)
moinokapei (dative singular)
moinokapβos (dative plural)
moinokapi? moinokape? (ablative singular)
moinokapβos (ablative plural)
moinokapi? moinokape? (locative singular)
moinokapβos (locative plural)

Latin: mūniceps

From *moinos (“service”) + *-kaps (“taker”).


poomos

poomos (nominative singular)
poomōs (nominative plural)
poomoi (nominative plural)
poome (singular vocative)
poomōs (plural vocative)
poomoi (plural vocative)
poomom (accusative singular)
poomons (accusative plural)
poomosjo (genitive singular)
poomī (genitive singular)
poomom (genitive plural)
poomōi (dative singular)
poomois (dative plural)
poomōd (ablative singular)
poomois (ablative plural)
poomei (locative singular)
poomois (locative plural)

Latin: pōmus (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂po-h₁ém-os (“taken off”), from *h₂epo (“off”) (whence *po-) + *h₁em- (“to take”) (whence *emō).


fuiō

fuiō first-singular present indicative (canonical)
fuiō (active first-person indicative present singular)
fuies (active indicative present second-person singular)
fuiet (active indicative present singular third-person)
fuiomos (active first-person indicative plural present)
fuietes (active indicative plural present second-person)
fuiont (active indicative plural present third-person)
fuiām (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
fuiās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
fuiād (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
fuiāmos (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
fuiātes (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
fuiānd (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
fefuai (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
fefuistai? (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
fefuei (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
fefume? (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
fefue (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
fefuēri (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
fuie (active imperative present second-person singular)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
fuients (present)
fuiezi (s-derivative)

Latin:

present forms become active of fīō and passive of faciō

perfect forms become perfect of sum (fuī etc.)

periphrasally constructed future forms become -bō

desc

Oscan: 𐌚𐌉𐌉𐌄𐌕 (fiiet, 3.pl.pres.act.ind.)

Umbrian:

𐌚𐌖𐌉𐌀 (fuia, 3.sg.pres.act.subj.)

𐌚𐌖𐌉𐌄𐌔𐌕 (fuiest, 3.sg.fut.act.ind.)

𐌚𐌉𐌕𐌏𐌔 (fitos, perf.pass.ptc.)

From earlier *ɸūjō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuHyéti, from *bʰuH- (“to grow, become, come into being, appear”).


kaznos

kaznos (masculine nominative singular)
kaznā (feminine nominative singular)
kaznom (neuter nominative singular)
kazne (masculine singular vocative)
kazna (feminine singular vocative)
kaznom (neuter singular vocative)
kaznom (accusative masculine singular)
kaznam (accusative feminine singular)
kaznom (accusative neuter singular)
kaznosjo (genitive masculine singular)
kaznī (genitive masculine singular)
kaznās (feminine genitive singular)
kaznosjo (genitive neuter singular)
kaznī (genitive neuter singular)
kaznōi (dative masculine singular)
kaznāi (dative feminine singular)
kaznōi (dative neuter singular)
kaznōd (ablative masculine singular)
kaznād (ablative feminine singular)
kaznōd (ablative neuter singular)
kaznei (locative masculine singular)
kaznāi (feminine locative singular)
kaznei (locative neuter singular)
kaznōs (masculine nominative plural)
kaznoi (masculine nominative plural)
kaznās (feminine nominative plural)
kaznā (neuter nominative plural)
kaznōs (masculine plural vocative)
kaznoi (masculine plural vocative)
kaznās (feminine plural vocative)
kaznā (neuter plural vocative)
kaznons (accusative masculine plural)
kaznans (accusative feminine plural)
kaznā (accusative neuter plural)
kaznom (genitive masculine plural)
kaznāzōm (feminine genitive plural)
kaznom (genitive neuter plural)
kaznois (dative masculine plural)
kaznais (dative feminine plural)
kaznois (dative neuter plural)
kaznois (ablative masculine plural)
kaznais (ablative feminine plural)
kaznois (ablative neuter plural)
kaznois (locative masculine plural)
kaznais (feminine locative plural)
kaznois (locative neuter plural)

Latin: cānus

Paelignian: casnar

Sabine: casnar


dolaō

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*dolaō first-singular present indicative

dolaō first-singular present indicative (canonical)
dolaō (active first-person indicative present singular)
dolaōr (first-person indicative passive present singular)
dolās (active indicative present second-person singular)
dolāzo (indicative passive present second-person singular)
dolāt (active indicative present singular third-person)
dolātor (indicative passive present singular third-person)
dolāmos (active first-person indicative plural present)
dolāmor (first-person indicative passive plural present)
dolātes (active indicative plural present second-person)
dolām(e?)n (indicative passive plural present second-person)
dolaont (active indicative plural present third-person)
dolaontor (indicative passive plural present third-person)
dolaēm? (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
dolaēr? (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
dolaēs? (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
dolaēzo? (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
dolaēd? (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
dolaētor? (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
dolaēmos? (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
dolaēmor? (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
dolaētes? (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
dolaēm(e?)n(ai?)? (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
dolaēnd? (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
dolaēntor? (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
dolawai (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
dolawistai (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
dolawe (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
dolawed (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
dolawomos (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
dolawistes (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
dolawēri (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
dolā (active imperative present second-person singular)
dolāzo (imperative passive present second-person singular)
dolāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
dolātōd (active future imperative)
dolānts (present)
dolatos (past)
dolatum (tu-derivative)
dolazi (s-derivative)

Latin: dolō

From earlier *dolajō, from Proto-Indo-European *dl̥h₁-yé-ti, ye-present of *delh₁- (“to cut”).

to hew, chop into shape, fashion, devise


taksō

*taksō first-singular present indicative

taksō first-singular present indicative (canonical)
taksō (active first-person indicative present singular)
taksōr (first-person indicative passive present singular)
takses (active indicative present second-person singular)
taksezo (indicative passive present second-person singular)
takset (active indicative present singular third-person)
taksetor (indicative passive present singular third-person)
taksomos (active first-person indicative plural present)
taksomor (first-person indicative passive plural present)
taksetes (active indicative plural present second-person)
taksem(e?)n (indicative passive plural present second-person)
taksont (active indicative plural present third-person)
taksontor (indicative passive plural present third-person)
taksām (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
taksār (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
taksās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
taksāzo (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
taksād (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
taksātor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
taksāmos (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
taksāmor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
taksātes (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
taksām(e?)n (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
taksānd (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
taksāntor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
tetagai (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
tetagistai? (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
tetagei (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
tetagme? (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
tetage (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
tetagēri (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
takse (active imperative present second-person singular)
taksezo (imperative passive present second-person singular)
taksete (active imperative plural present second-person)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
taksetōd (active future imperative)
taksents (present)
taktos (past)
taktum (tu-derivative)
taksezi (s-derivative)

Latin: taxō (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *téh₂g-se-ti, from *teh₂g-.


foɣʷeō

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*foɣʷeō first-singular present indicative

foɣʷeō (active first-person indicative present singular)
foɣʷeōr (first-person indicative passive present singular)
foɣʷēs (active indicative present second-person singular)
foɣʷēzo (indicative passive present second-person singular)
foɣʷēt (active indicative present singular third-person)
foɣʷētor (indicative passive present singular third-person)
foɣʷēmos (active first-person indicative plural present)
foɣʷēmor (first-person indicative passive plural present)
foɣʷētes (active indicative plural present second-person)
foɣʷēm(e?)n (indicative passive plural present second-person)
foɣʷeont (active indicative plural present third-person)
foɣʷeontor (indicative passive plural present third-person)
foɣʷeām (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
foɣʷeār (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
foɣʷeās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
foɣʷeāzo (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
foɣʷeād (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
foɣʷeātor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
foɣʷeāmos (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
foɣʷeāmor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
foɣʷeātes (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
foɣʷeām(e?)n (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
foɣʷeānd (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
foɣʷeāntor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
foɣʷē (active imperative present second-person singular)
foɣʷēzo (imperative passive present second-person singular)
foɣʷēte (active imperative plural present second-person)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
foɣʷētōd (active future imperative)
foɣʷēnts (present)
foɣʷetos (past)
foɣʷetum (tu-derivative)
foɣʷēzi (s-derivative)

Latin: foveō

From earlier *θoɣʷejō, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰogʷʰéyeti, a causative verb from *dʰegʷʰ- (“to warm”).


westis

westis (nominative singular)
westēs (nominative plural)
westis (singular vocative)
westēs (plural vocative)
westim (accusative singular)
westins (accusative plural)
westeis (genitive singular)
westjom (genitive plural)
westei (dative singular)
westiβos (dative plural)
westīd (ablative singular)
westiβos (ablative plural)
westei (locative singular)
westiβos (locative plural)

Latin: vestis

From Proto-Indo-European *wéstis (“clothes”), from *wes- (“to dress, clothe”).


sorβeō

*sorβeō first-singular present indicative

sorβeō (active first-person indicative present singular)
sorβeōr (first-person indicative passive present singular)
sorβēs (active indicative present second-person singular)
sorβēzo (indicative passive present second-person singular)
sorβēt (active indicative present singular third-person)
sorβētor (indicative passive present singular third-person)
sorβēmos (active first-person indicative plural present)
sorβēmor (first-person indicative passive plural present)
sorβētes (active indicative plural present second-person)
sorβēm(e?)n (indicative passive plural present second-person)
sorβeont (active indicative plural present third-person)
sorβeontor (indicative passive plural present third-person)
sorβeām (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
sorβeār (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
sorβeās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
sorβeāzo (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
sorβeād (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
sorβeātor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
sorβeāmos (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
sorβeāmor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
sorβeātes (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
sorβeām(e?)n (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
sorβeānd (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
sorβeāntor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
sorβē (active imperative present second-person singular)
sorβēzo (imperative passive present second-person singular)
sorβēte (active imperative plural present second-person)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
sorβētōd (active future imperative)
sorβēnts (present)
sorβetos (past)
sorβetum (tu-derivative)
sorβēzi (s-derivative)

Latin: sorbeō (see there for further descendants)

From earlier *sorβejō, from Proto-Indo-European *srobʰéyeti, from Proto-Indo-European *srebʰ- (“to gulp, sip”). The -or- results from either derivation from a PIE zero-grade form starting in *sr̥bʰ-, analogy with the form of other iteratives such as *torkʷeō and *mordeō, or metathesis of *-ro- to *-or-.


louðeros

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*louðeros (comparative *louðerjōs, superlative *louðerisemos)

louðerjōs (comparative)
louðerisemos (superlative)
louðeros (masculine nominative singular)
louðerā (feminine nominative singular)
louðerom (neuter nominative singular)
louðere (masculine singular vocative)
louðera (feminine singular vocative)
louðerom (neuter singular vocative)
louðerom (accusative masculine singular)
louðeram (accusative feminine singular)
louðerom (accusative neuter singular)
louðerosjo (genitive masculine singular)
louðerī (genitive masculine singular)
louðerās (feminine genitive singular)
louðerosjo (genitive neuter singular)
louðerī (genitive neuter singular)
louðerōi (dative masculine singular)
louðerāi (dative feminine singular)
louðerōi (dative neuter singular)
louðerōd (ablative masculine singular)
louðerād (ablative feminine singular)
louðerōd (ablative neuter singular)
louðerei (locative masculine singular)
louðerāi (feminine locative singular)
louðerei (locative neuter singular)
louðerōs (masculine nominative plural)
louðeroi (masculine nominative plural)
louðerās (feminine nominative plural)
louðerā (neuter nominative plural)
louðerōs (masculine plural vocative)
louðeroi (masculine plural vocative)
louðerās (feminine plural vocative)
louðerā (neuter plural vocative)
louðerons (accusative masculine plural)
louðerans (accusative feminine plural)
louðerā (accusative neuter plural)
louðerom (genitive masculine plural)
louðerāzōm (feminine genitive plural)
louðerom (genitive neuter plural)
louðerois (dative masculine plural)
louðerais (dative feminine plural)
louðerois (dative neuter plural)
louðerois (ablative masculine plural)
louðerais (ablative feminine plural)
louðerois (ablative neuter plural)
louðerois (locative masculine plural)
louðerais (feminine locative plural)
louðerois (locative neuter plural)

Old Latin: loeber

Latin: līber (see there for further descendants)

desc

Faliscan: loifero (accusative singular masculine)

Oscan: 𐌋𐌞𐌅𐌚𐌓𐌄𐌝𐌔 (lúvfreís, genitive singular)

Venetic: 𐌋𐌏𐌖𐌆𐌄𐌓𐌏𐌘𐌏𐌔 (louderobos, dative plural masculine), 𐌋𐌏𐌖𐌆𐌄𐌓𐌀𐌉 (louderai, dative singular feminine)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁lewdʰ-er-os, from *h₁lewdʰ- (“people”).


gnātos

gnātos (masculine nominative singular)
gnātā (feminine nominative singular)
gnātom (neuter nominative singular)
gnāte (masculine singular vocative)
gnāta (feminine singular vocative)
gnātom (neuter singular vocative)
gnātom (accusative masculine singular)
gnātam (accusative feminine singular)
gnātom (accusative neuter singular)
gnātosjo (genitive masculine singular)
gnātī (genitive masculine singular)
gnātās (feminine genitive singular)
gnātosjo (genitive neuter singular)
gnātī (genitive neuter singular)
gnātōi (dative masculine singular)
gnātāi (dative feminine singular)
gnātōi (dative neuter singular)
gnātōd (ablative masculine singular)
gnātād (ablative feminine singular)
gnātōd (ablative neuter singular)
gnātei (locative masculine singular)
gnātāi (feminine locative singular)
gnātei (locative neuter singular)
gnātōs (masculine nominative plural)
gnātoi (masculine nominative plural)
gnātās (feminine nominative plural)
gnātā (neuter nominative plural)
gnātōs (masculine plural vocative)
gnātoi (masculine plural vocative)
gnātās (feminine plural vocative)
gnātā (neuter plural vocative)
gnātons (accusative masculine plural)
gnātans (accusative feminine plural)
gnātā (accusative neuter plural)
gnātom (genitive masculine plural)
gnātāzōm (feminine genitive plural)
gnātom (genitive neuter plural)
gnātois (dative masculine plural)
gnātais (dative feminine plural)
gnātois (dative neuter plural)
gnātois (ablative masculine plural)
gnātais (ablative feminine plural)
gnātois (ablative neuter plural)
gnātois (locative masculine plural)
gnātais (feminine locative plural)
gnātois (locative neuter plural)

Latin: nātus (see there for further descendants)

Paelignian: cnatois (dat. pl)

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₁tós (“begotten”).


ən-

Latin: in- (see there for further descendants)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ne
Proto-Indo-European *n̥-
Proto-Italic *ən-
From Proto-Indo-European *n̥- (“not”), zero-grade form of the negative particle *ne (“not”).


dōnom

dōnom (nominative singular)
dōnā (nominative plural)
dōnom (singular vocative)
dōnā (plural vocative)
dōnom (accusative singular)
dōnā (accusative plural)
dōnosjo (genitive singular)
dōnī (genitive singular)
dōnom (genitive plural)
dōnōi (dative singular)
dōnois (dative plural)
dōnōd (ablative singular)
dōnois (ablative plural)
dōnei (locative singular)
dōnois (locative plural)

Latin: dōnum

Faliscan: donom

Aequian: donum

Marsian: dunom, donom

desc

Oscan: 𐌃𐌖𐌍𐌞𐌌 (dunúm), 𐌃𐌞𐌍𐌞𐌌 (dúnúm), 𐌃𐌖𐌍𐌖𐌌 (dunum)

Paelignian: donom

Umbrian: 𐌃𐌖𐌍𐌖𐌌 (dunum), 𐌃𐌖𐌍𐌖 (dunu)

Venetic: 𐌃𐌏𐌍𐌏𐌌 (donom)

South Picene: dunoi

Vestinian: duno

Volscian: duno

From Proto-Indo-European *déh₃nom, from *deh₃-.


dōnāō

head

*dōnāō first-singular present indicative

dōnāō first-singular present indicative (canonical)
dōnāō (active first-person indicative present singular)
dōnāōr (first-person indicative passive present singular)
dōnās (active indicative present second-person singular)
dōnāzo (indicative passive present second-person singular)
dōnāt (active indicative present singular third-person)
dōnātor (indicative passive present singular third-person)
dōnāmos (active first-person indicative plural present)
dōnāmor (first-person indicative passive plural present)
dōnātes (active indicative plural present second-person)
dōnām(e?)n (indicative passive plural present second-person)
dōnānt (active indicative plural present third-person)
dōnāntor (indicative passive plural present third-person)
dōnāēm? (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
dōnāēr? (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
dōnāēs? (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
dōnāēzo? (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
dōnāēd? (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
dōnāētor? (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
dōnāēmos? (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
dōnāēmor? (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
dōnāētes? (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
dōnāēm(e?)n(ai?)? (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
dōnāēnd? (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
dōnāēntor? (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
dōnā (active imperative present second-person singular)
dōnāzo (imperative passive present second-person singular)
dōnāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
dōnātōd (active future imperative)
dōnānts (present)
dōnātos (past)
dōnātum (tu-derivative)
dōnāzi (s-derivative)

Latin: dōnō

desc

Oscan: 𐌃𐌖𐌍𐌀𐌕 (dunat), 𐌃𐌖𐌖𐌍𐌀𐌕𐌄𐌃 (duunated)

Venetic: donasto

From *dōnom + *-āō, which could point to a Proto-Indo-European verb *deh₃n-eh₂-yé-ti.


pezdō

head

*pezdō first-singular present indicative

pezdō first-singular present indicative (canonical)
pezdō (active first-person indicative present singular)
pezdōr (first-person indicative passive present singular)
pezdes (active indicative present second-person singular)
pezdezo (indicative passive present second-person singular)
pezdet (active indicative present singular third-person)
pezdetor (indicative passive present singular third-person)
pezdomos (active first-person indicative plural present)
pezdomor (first-person indicative passive plural present)
pezdetes (active indicative plural present second-person)
pezdem(e?)n (indicative passive plural present second-person)
pezdont (active indicative plural present third-person)
pezdontor (indicative passive plural present third-person)
pezdām (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
pezdār (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
pezdās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
pezdāzo (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
pezdād (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
pezdātor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
pezdāmos (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
pezdāmor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
pezdātes (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
pezdām(e?)n (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
pezdānd (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
pezdāntor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
pepezdai (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
pepezdistai? (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
pepezdei (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
pepezdme? (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
pepezde (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
pepezdēri (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
pezde (active imperative present second-person singular)
pezdezo (imperative passive present second-person singular)
pezdete (active imperative plural present second-person)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
pezdetōd (active future imperative)
pezdents (present)
pezdos (past)
pezdum (tu-derivative)
pezdezi (s-derivative)

Latin: pēdō

From Proto-Indo-European *pésdeti, from *pesd- (“to fart”).


pāskō

*pāskō first-singular present indicative

pāskō first-singular present indicative (canonical)
pāskō (active first-person indicative present singular)
pāskōr (first-person indicative passive present singular)
pāskes (active indicative present second-person singular)
pāskezo (indicative passive present second-person singular)
pāsket (active indicative present singular third-person)
pāsketor (indicative passive present singular third-person)
pāskomos (active first-person indicative plural present)
pāskomor (first-person indicative passive plural present)
pāsketes (active indicative plural present second-person)
pāskem(e?)n (indicative passive plural present second-person)
pāskont (active indicative plural present third-person)
pāskontor (indicative passive plural present third-person)
pāskām (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
pāskār (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
pāskās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
pāskāzo (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
pāskād (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
pāskātor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
pāskāmos (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
pāskāmor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
pāskātes (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
pāskām(e?)n (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
pāskānd (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
pāskāntor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
pāsom (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
pāses (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
pāsed (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
pāsome (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
pāsete (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
pāsond (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
pāske (active imperative present second-person singular)
pāskezo (imperative passive present second-person singular)
pāskete (active imperative plural present second-person)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
pāsketōd (active future imperative)
pāskents (present)
pāstos (past)
pāstum (tu-derivative)
pāskezi (s-derivative)

Latin: pāscō

desc

⇒ Sicel: εποπασκα (epopaska) (< *ekwo-pāsk-ā)

Extended from an earlier s-present, Proto-Indo-European *péh₂sti, from the root *peh₂-.


jougos

jougos (nominative singular)
jougezā (nominative plural)
jougos (singular vocative)
jougezā (plural vocative)
jougos (accusative singular)
jougezā (accusative plural)
jougezes (genitive singular)
jougezos (genitive singular)
jougezom (genitive plural)
jougezei (dative singular)
jougezβos (dative plural)
jougezi? jougeze? (ablative singular)
jougezβos (ablative plural)
jougezi? jougeze? (locative singular)
jougezβos (locative plural)

Latin: iūgera pl

From Proto-Indo-European *yéwgos. Cognate with Proto-Indo-Iranian *yáwgas.


deksteros

deksteros (masculine nominative singular)
deksterā (feminine nominative singular)
deksterom (neuter nominative singular)
dekstere (masculine singular vocative)
dekstera (feminine singular vocative)
deksterom (neuter singular vocative)
deksterom (accusative masculine singular)
deksteram (accusative feminine singular)
deksterom (accusative neuter singular)
deksterosjo (genitive masculine singular)
deksterī (genitive masculine singular)
deksterās (feminine genitive singular)
deksterosjo (genitive neuter singular)
deksterī (genitive neuter singular)
deksterōi (dative masculine singular)
deksterāi (dative feminine singular)
deksterōi (dative neuter singular)
deksterōd (ablative masculine singular)
deksterād (ablative feminine singular)
deksterōd (ablative neuter singular)
deksterei (locative masculine singular)
deksterāi (feminine locative singular)
deksterei (locative neuter singular)
deksterōs (masculine nominative plural)
deksteroi (masculine nominative plural)
deksterās (feminine nominative plural)
deksterā (neuter nominative plural)
deksterōs (masculine plural vocative)
deksteroi (masculine plural vocative)
deksterās (feminine plural vocative)
deksterā (neuter plural vocative)
deksterons (accusative masculine plural)
deksterans (accusative feminine plural)
deksterā (accusative neuter plural)
deksterom (genitive masculine plural)
deksterāzōm (feminine genitive plural)
deksterom (genitive neuter plural)
deksterois (dative masculine plural)
deksterais (dative feminine plural)
deksterois (dative neuter plural)
deksterois (ablative masculine plural)
deksterais (ablative feminine plural)
deksterois (ablative neuter plural)
deksterois (locative masculine plural)
deksterais (feminine locative plural)
deksterois (locative neuter plural)

Latin: dexter (see there for further descendants)

Oscan: 𐌃𐌄𐌔𐌕𐌓𐌔𐌕 (destrst) (+ est)

Umbrian: destrame (acc.sg.f. + -en), 𐌕𐌄𐌔𐌕𐌓𐌖 (testru) (abl.sg.m/n.), 𐌕𐌄𐌔𐌕𐌓𐌖𐌊𐌖 (testruku), destruco (abl.sg.m + -kom), 𐌕𐌄𐌔𐌕𐌓𐌄 𐌄 (testre e), destre (loc.sg.m. + -en)

From Proto-Indo-European *deḱs-terós, from *déḱs (“right”). Compare Epic Greek δεξιτερός (dexiterós).


kom-

Latin: con-

Oscan: 𐌊𐌞𐌌- (kúm-), com-

Umbrian: 𐌊𐌖𐌌- (kum-), co-


glouβō

head

*glouβō first-singular present indicative

glouβō (active first-person indicative present singular)
glouβōr (first-person indicative passive present singular)
glouβes (active indicative present second-person singular)
glouβezo (indicative passive present second-person singular)
glouβet (active indicative present singular third-person)
glouβetor (indicative passive present singular third-person)
glouβomos (active first-person indicative plural present)
glouβomor (first-person indicative passive plural present)
glouβetes (active indicative plural present second-person)
glouβem(e?)n (indicative passive plural present second-person)
glouβont (active indicative plural present third-person)
glouβontor (indicative passive plural present third-person)
glouβām (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
glouβār (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
glouβās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
glouβāzo (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
glouβād (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
glouβātor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
glouβāmos (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
glouβāmor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
glouβātes (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
glouβām(e?)n (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
glouβānd (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
glouβāntor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
glouβe (active imperative present second-person singular)
glouβezo (imperative passive present second-person singular)
glouβete (active imperative plural present second-person)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
glouβetōd (active future imperative)
glouβents (present)
glouβezi (s-derivative)

Latin: glūbō


loukos

loukos (nominative singular)
loukōs (nominative plural)
loukoi (nominative plural)
louke (singular vocative)
loukōs (plural vocative)
loukoi (plural vocative)
loukom (accusative singular)
loukons (accusative plural)
loukosjo (genitive singular)
loukī (genitive singular)
loukom (genitive plural)
loukōi (dative singular)
loukois (dative plural)
loukōd (ablative singular)
loukois (ablative plural)
loukei (locative singular)
loukois (locative plural)

Old Latin: loucos

Latin: lūcus (see there for further descendants)

Oscan: 𐌋𐌞𐌅𐌊𐌄𐌝 (lúvkeí)

desc

Umbrian: 𐌅𐌖𐌊𐌖 (vuku, acc. sg.), 𐌅𐌖𐌊𐌄𐌔 (vukes, gen. sg.), 𐌅𐌖𐌊𐌄 (vuke, loc. sg.)

Generally derived from Proto-Indo-European *lowk-os (“place of light”), from the root *lewk- (“light”).


nepōts

nepōts (nominative singular)
nepōtes (nominative plural)
nepōts (singular vocative)
nepōtes (plural vocative)
nepōtem (accusative singular)
nepōtens (accusative plural)
nepōtes (genitive singular)
nepōtos (genitive singular)
nepōtom (genitive plural)
nepōtei (dative singular)
nepōtβos (dative plural)
nepōti? nepōte? (ablative singular)
nepōtβos (ablative plural)
nepōti? nepōte? (locative singular)
nepōtβos (locative plural)

Latin: nepōs (see there for further descendants)


kensēō

head

*kensēō first-singular present indicative

kensēō (active first-person indicative present singular)
kensēs (active indicative present second-person singular)
kensēt (active indicative present singular third-person)
kensēmos (active first-person indicative plural present)
kensētes (active indicative plural present second-person)
kensēnt (active indicative plural present third-person)
kensēām (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
kensēās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
kensēād (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
kensēāmos (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
kensēātes (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
kensēānd (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
kensē (active imperative present second-person singular)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
kensēnts (present)
kensēzi (s-derivative)

Latin: cēnseō

Oscan: censaum

From earlier *kensējō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱens-éh₁-ye-ti, from *ḱens- (“to announce”). Cognate with Sanskrit शंसति (śáṃsati, “to declare”), Proto-Iranian *cánhati (“idem”).


stērlā

stērlā (nominative singular)
stērlās (nominative plural)
stērla (singular vocative)
stērlās (plural vocative)
stērlam (accusative singular)
stērlans (accusative plural)
stērlās (genitive singular)
stērlāzom (genitive plural)
stērlāi (dative singular)
stērlais (dative plural)
stērlād (ablative singular)
stērlais (ablative plural)
stērlāi (locative singular)
stērlais (locative plural)

Latin: stēlla (see there for further descendants)

Diminutive of Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr.


dormjō

*dormjō first-singular present indicative

dormjō (active first-person indicative present singular)
dormjes (active indicative present second-person singular)
dormjet (active indicative present singular third-person)
dormjomos (active first-person indicative plural present)
dormjetes (active indicative plural present second-person)
dormjont (active indicative plural present third-person)
dormjām (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
dormjās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
dormjād (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
dormjāmos (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
dormjātes (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
dormjānd (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
dormjewai (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
dormjewistai? (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
dormjewei (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
dormjewme? (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
dormjewe (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
dormjewēri (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
dormje (active imperative present second-person singular)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
dormjents (present)
dormjezi (s-derivative)

Latin: dormiō (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-Indo-European *dr̥m-yé-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *drem- (“to run, sleep”).


ɣrondā

ɣrondā (nominative singular)
ɣrondās (nominative plural)
ɣronda (singular vocative)
ɣrondās (plural vocative)
ɣrondam (accusative singular)
ɣrondans (accusative plural)
ɣrondās (genitive singular)
ɣrondāzom (genitive plural)
ɣrondāi (dative singular)
ɣrondais (dative plural)
ɣrondād (ablative singular)
ɣrondais (ablative plural)
ɣrondāi (locative singular)
ɣrondais (locative plural)

Latin: grunda

For earlier *χrondā, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrondʰ-(e)h₂, from *gʰrendʰ- (“post, beam”).


wīnom

wīnom (nominative singular)
wīnā (nominative plural)
wīnom (singular vocative)
wīnā (plural vocative)
wīnom (accusative singular)
wīnā (accusative plural)
wīnosjo (genitive singular)
wīnī (genitive singular)
wīnom (genitive plural)
wīnōi (dative singular)
wīnois (dative plural)
wīnōd (ablative singular)
wīnois (ablative plural)
wīnei (locative singular)
wīnois (locative plural)

desc

Faliscan: 𐌖𐌉𐌍𐌏𐌌 (uinom), 𐌖𐌉𐌍𐌏 (uino, acc.sg.)

Latin: vīnum (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Celtic: *wīnom (see there for further descendants)

→ Etruscan: 𐌅𐌉𐌍𐌖𐌌 (vinum)

→ Proto-Germanic: *wīną (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Slavic: *vīnò (see there for further descendants)

Umbrian: 𐌅𐌉𐌍𐌖 (vinu), 𐌖𐌉𐌌𐌖 (uimu)

Volscian: 𐌖𐌉𐌍𐌖 (uinu)

From Proto-Indo-European *wóyh₁nom (“wine, vine”).


-ikos

Latin: -icus


nowən

Latin: novem (see there for further descendants)

desc

if not related to <i class="Latn mention" lang="itc-pro">*nowos</i> (“new”)

>? Umbrian: 𐌍𐌖𐌅𐌉𐌌 (nuvim) (if not related to *nowos (“new”))


wenjā

wenjā (nominative singular)
wenjās (nominative plural)
wenja (singular vocative)
wenjās (plural vocative)
wenjam (accusative singular)
wenjans (accusative plural)
wenjās (genitive singular)
wenjāzom (genitive plural)
wenjāi (dative singular)
wenjais (dative plural)
wenjād (ablative singular)
wenjais (ablative plural)
wenjāi (locative singular)
wenjais (locative plural)

Latin: venia

From Proto-Indo-European *wn̥h₁yeh₂, from *wenh₁- (“to love”).


nogʷedos

head

*nogʷedos (comparative *nogʷedjōs, superlative *nogʷedisəmos)

nogʷedjōs (comparative)
nogʷedisəmos (superlative)
nogʷedos (masculine nominative singular)
nogʷedā (feminine nominative singular)
nogʷedom (neuter nominative singular)
nogʷede (masculine singular vocative)
nogʷeda (feminine singular vocative)
nogʷedom (neuter singular vocative)
nogʷedom (accusative masculine singular)
nogʷedam (accusative feminine singular)
nogʷedom (accusative neuter singular)
nogʷedosjo (genitive masculine singular)
nogʷedī (genitive masculine singular)
nogʷedās (feminine genitive singular)
nogʷedosjo (genitive neuter singular)
nogʷedī (genitive neuter singular)
nogʷedōi (dative masculine singular)
nogʷedāi (dative feminine singular)
nogʷedōi (dative neuter singular)
nogʷedōd (ablative masculine singular)
nogʷedād (ablative feminine singular)
nogʷedōd (ablative neuter singular)
nogʷedei (locative masculine singular)
nogʷedāi (feminine locative singular)
nogʷedei (locative neuter singular)
nogʷedōs (masculine nominative plural)
nogʷedoi (masculine nominative plural)
nogʷedās (feminine nominative plural)
nogʷedā (neuter nominative plural)
nogʷedōs (masculine plural vocative)
nogʷedoi (masculine plural vocative)
nogʷedās (feminine plural vocative)
nogʷedā (neuter plural vocative)
nogʷedons (accusative masculine plural)
nogʷedans (accusative feminine plural)
nogʷedā (accusative neuter plural)
nogʷedom (genitive masculine plural)
nogʷedāzōm (feminine genitive plural)
nogʷedom (genitive neuter plural)
nogʷedois (dative masculine plural)
nogʷedais (dative feminine plural)
nogʷedois (dative neuter plural)
nogʷedois (ablative masculine plural)
nogʷedais (ablative feminine plural)
nogʷedois (ablative neuter plural)
nogʷedois (locative masculine plural)
nogʷedais (feminine locative plural)
nogʷedois (locative neuter plural)

Old Latin: *novedos

Latin: nūdus (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-Indo-European *nogʷedʰos, from *negʷ- (“naked”).


iowaō

*iowaō first-singular present indicative

iowaō first-singular present indicative (canonical)
iowaō (active first-person indicative present singular)
iowaōr (first-person indicative passive present singular)
iowās (active indicative present second-person singular)
iowāzo (indicative passive present second-person singular)
iowāt (active indicative present singular third-person)
iowātor (indicative passive present singular third-person)
iowāmos (active first-person indicative plural present)
iowāmor (first-person indicative passive plural present)
iowātes (active indicative plural present second-person)
iowām(e?)n (indicative passive plural present second-person)
iowaont (active indicative plural present third-person)
iowaontor (indicative passive plural present third-person)
iowaēm? (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
iowaēr? (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
iowaēs? (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
iowaēzo? (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
iowaēd? (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
iowaētor? (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
iowaēmos? (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
iowaēmor? (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
iowaētes? (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
iowaēm(e?)n(ai?)? (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
iowaēnd? (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
iowaēntor? (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
iowā (active imperative present second-person singular)
iowāzo (imperative passive present second-person singular)
iowāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
iowātōd (active future imperative)
iowānts (present)
iowatos (past)
iowatum (tu-derivative)
iowazi (s-derivative)

Latin: iuvō (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁íh₁ewHeti, from *h₁ewH-.


kazēō

*kazēō first-singular present indicative

kazēō first-singular present indicative (canonical)
kazēō (active first-person indicative present singular)
kazēōr (first-person indicative passive present singular)
kazēs (active indicative present second-person singular)
kazēzo (indicative passive present second-person singular)
kazēt (active indicative present singular third-person)
kazētor (indicative passive present singular third-person)
kazēmos (active first-person indicative plural present)
kazēmor (first-person indicative passive plural present)
kazētes (active indicative plural present second-person)
kazēm(e?)n (indicative passive plural present second-person)
kazēnt (active indicative plural present third-person)
kazēntor (indicative passive plural present third-person)
kazēām (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
kazēār (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
kazēās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
kazēāzo (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
kazēād (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
kazēātor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
kazēāmos (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
kazēāmor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
kazēātes (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
kazēām(e?)n (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
kazēānd (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
kazēāntor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
kazē (active imperative present second-person singular)
kazēzo (imperative passive present second-person singular)
kazēte (active imperative plural present second-person)
2nd + 3rd sing. (future imperative plural second-person)
kazētōd (active future imperative)
kazēnts (present)
kastum (tu-derivative)
kazēzi (s-derivative)

Latin: careō

Faliscan: 𐌂𐌀𐌓𐌄𐌅𐌏 (carefo)

Oscan: 𐌊𐌀𐌔𐌉𐌕 (kasit) (3rd sg. act. pres. ind.)

Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *ḱes-éh₁-ye-ti, from *ḱes- (“to cut”). However, de Vaan is skeptical of this derivation, as well as other derivations linking the term to Proto-Indo-Iranian *káHmas (“desire”) and Sanskrit शास् (śās, “to instruct”), and leaves the origin open.


fīlios

fīlios (nominative singular)
fīliōs (nominative plural)
fīlioi (nominative plural)
fīlie (singular vocative)
fīliōs (plural vocative)
fīlioi (plural vocative)
fīliom (accusative singular)
fīlions (accusative plural)
fīliosjo (genitive singular)
fīliī (genitive singular)
fīliom (genitive plural)
fīliōi (dative singular)
fīliois (dative plural)
fīliōd (ablative singular)
fīliois (ablative plural)
fīliei (locative singular)
fīliois (locative plural)

Faliscan: 𐌅𐌉𐌋𐌄𐌏 (fileo), 𐌇𐌉𐌋𐌄𐌏 (hileo)

Latin: fīlius (see there for further descendants)

From earlier *θīlios, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰh₁i-l-yo-s (“sucker”), from *dʰeh₁(y)- (“to suckle, nurse”). Cognate with Ancient Greek θῆλυς (thêlus, “feminine”). Displaced *suHnús.


ruðros

ruðros (masculine nominative singular)
ruðrā (feminine nominative singular)
ruðrom (neuter nominative singular)
ruðre (masculine singular vocative)
ruðra (feminine singular vocative)
ruðrom (neuter singular vocative)
ruðrom (accusative masculine singular)
ruðram (accusative feminine singular)
ruðrom (accusative neuter singular)
ruðrosjo (genitive masculine singular)
ruðrī (genitive masculine singular)
ruðrās (feminine genitive singular)
ruðrosjo (genitive neuter singular)
ruðrī (genitive neuter singular)
ruðrōi (dative masculine singular)
ruðrāi (dative feminine singular)
ruðrōi (dative neuter singular)
ruðrōd (ablative masculine singular)
ruðrād (ablative feminine singular)
ruðrōd (ablative neuter singular)
ruðrei (locative masculine singular)
ruðrāi (feminine locative singular)
ruðrei (locative neuter singular)
ruðrōs (masculine nominative plural)
ruðroi (masculine nominative plural)
ruðrās (feminine nominative plural)
ruðrā (neuter nominative plural)
ruðrōs (masculine plural vocative)
ruðroi (masculine plural vocative)
ruðrās (feminine plural vocative)
ruðrā (neuter plural vocative)
ruðrons (accusative masculine plural)
ruðrans (accusative feminine plural)
ruðrā (accusative neuter plural)
ruðrom (genitive masculine plural)
ruðrāzōm (feminine genitive plural)
ruðrom (genitive neuter plural)
ruðrois (dative masculine plural)
ruðrais (dative feminine plural)
ruðrois (dative neuter plural)
ruðrois (ablative masculine plural)
ruðrais (ablative feminine plural)
ruðrois (ablative neuter plural)
ruðrois (locative masculine plural)
ruðrais (feminine locative plural)
ruðrois (locative neuter plural)

Latin: ruber (see there for further descendants)

Umbrian: 𐌓𐌖𐌚𐌓𐌖 (rufru)


heliwos

heliwos (masculine nominative singular)
heliwā (feminine nominative singular)
heliwom (neuter nominative singular)
heliwe (masculine singular vocative)
heliwa (feminine singular vocative)
heliwom (neuter singular vocative)
heliwom (accusative masculine singular)
heliwam (accusative feminine singular)
heliwom (accusative neuter singular)
heliwosjo (genitive masculine singular)
heliwī (genitive masculine singular)
heliwās (feminine genitive singular)
heliwosjo (genitive neuter singular)
heliwī (genitive neuter singular)
heliwōi (dative masculine singular)
heliwāi (dative feminine singular)
heliwōi (dative neuter singular)
heliwōd (ablative masculine singular)
heliwād (ablative feminine singular)
heliwōd (ablative neuter singular)
heliwei (locative masculine singular)
heliwāi (feminine locative singular)
heliwei (locative neuter singular)
heliwōs (masculine nominative plural)
heliwoi (masculine nominative plural)
heliwās (feminine nominative plural)
heliwā (neuter nominative plural)
heliwōs (masculine plural vocative)
heliwoi (masculine plural vocative)
heliwās (feminine plural vocative)
heliwā (neuter plural vocative)
heliwons (accusative masculine plural)
heliwans (accusative feminine plural)
heliwā (accusative neuter plural)
heliwom (genitive masculine plural)
heliwāzōm (feminine genitive plural)
heliwom (genitive neuter plural)
heliwois (dative masculine plural)
heliwais (dative feminine plural)
heliwois (dative neuter plural)
heliwois (ablative masculine plural)
heliwais (ablative feminine plural)
heliwois (ablative neuter plural)
heliwois (locative masculine plural)
heliwais (feminine locative plural)
heliwois (locative neuter plural)

Latin: helvus

From earlier *xeliwos, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃wos.