See ćasás in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*śasás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śasás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śasás"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "शश",
"tr": "śaśá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: शश (śaśá)\nPali: sasa\nPrakrit:\nMagadhi Prakrit:\nAssamese: শহা (xoha)\nBengali: শশা (śośa)\nHelu Prakrit:\nSinhalese: සාවා (sāwā), සහාවා (sahāwā), ශශයා (śaśayā), සැසයා (sæsayā), හාවෝ (hāwō)?\nMaharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀲 (sasa)\nOld Marathi: ससा (sasā)\nMarathi: ससा (sasā)\nKonkani: सोंसो (souso)\nSauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀲 (sasa)\nGujarati: સસલું (saslũ)\nHindi: सस (sas)\nPunjabi: ਸਹਾ (sahā), ਸਹਿਆ (sahiā)\nRomani: śośoj\n→ Tamil: சசம் (cacam)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: शश (śaśá)\nPali: sasa\nPrakrit:\nMagadhi Prakrit:\nAssamese: শহা (xoha)\nBengali: শশা (śośa)\nHelu Prakrit:\nSinhalese: සාවා (sāwā), සහාවා (sahāwā), ශශයා (śaśayā), සැසයා (sæsayā), හාවෝ (hāwō)?\nMaharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀲 (sasa)\nOld Marathi: ससा (sasā)\nMarathi: ससा (sasā)\nKonkani: सोंसो (souso)\nSauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀲 (sasa)\nGujarati: સસલું (saslũ)\nHindi: सस (sas)\nPunjabi: ਸਹਾ (sahā), ਸਹਿਆ (sahiā)\nRomani: śośoj\n→ Tamil: சசம் (cacam)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*caháh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *caháh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *caháh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "سوی",
"tr": "soy"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: سوی (soy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: سوی (soy)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"2": "𑀲𑀳",
"tr": "saha"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: 𑀲𑀳 (saha)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: 𑀲𑀳 (saha)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbl",
"2": "sыy"
},
"expansion": "Wakhi: sыy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Wakhi: sыy"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "isk",
"tr": "si"
},
"expansion": "Ishkashimi: [script needed] (si)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ishkashimi: [script needed] (si)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgy",
"2": "sui"
},
"expansion": "Sanglechi: sui",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanglechi: sui"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱesós",
"4": "",
"5": "grey; hare"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱesós (“grey; hare”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cānus"
},
"expansion": "Latin cānus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hara"
},
"expansion": "Old English hara",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hare"
},
"expansion": "English hare",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "sasnis",
"3": "",
"4": "hare"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian sasnis (“hare”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ḱesós (“grey; hare”). Compare Latin cānus, Old English hara (English hare), Old Prussian sasnis (“hare”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "iir-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "masculine a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasás",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasā́(w)",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasā́s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasā́sas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćása",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćásā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćásāw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćásās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćásāsas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasā́(w)",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasā́ns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáybʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáybʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasā́yš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasā́t",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáybʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáybʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáybʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasā́y",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáybʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáybʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáybʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasásya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáyās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasā́naHam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáyaw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáyšu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*ćasás m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "iir-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ćasás",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "sasak",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śasakas",
"tags": [
"literary",
"uncommon"
],
"word": "Sanskrit: शशक→ Hindustani:Hindi: शशकUrdu: ششکMiddle Indo-Aryan:Pali: sasakaSauraseni Prakrit:Hindi: ससकRomani: śośoj"
},
{
"roman": "sahūγ",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *cahakah",
"word": "𐬯𐬀𐬵𐬏𐬖"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *cahakah",
"word": "sahȫk"
},
{
"alt": "s'k",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *cahakah",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *cahakah",
"word": "sīɣ"
},
{
"alt": "shwk' /sahōg/",
"sense": "Old Persian: *θahakaʰ",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Persian"
],
"word": "[script needed]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hare"
],
"id": "en-ćasás-iir-pro-noun-458c3p6c",
"links": [
[
"hare",
"hare"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ćasás"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "sasak",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śasakas",
"tags": [
"literary",
"uncommon"
],
"word": "Sanskrit: शशक→ Hindustani:Hindi: शशकUrdu: ششکMiddle Indo-Aryan:Pali: sasakaSauraseni Prakrit:Hindi: ससकRomani: śośoj"
},
{
"roman": "sahūγ",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *cahakah",
"word": "𐬯𐬀𐬵𐬏𐬖"
},
{
"alt": "shwk' /sahōg/",
"sense": "Old Persian: *θahakaʰ",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Persian"
],
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *cahakah",
"word": "sahȫk"
},
{
"alt": "s'k",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *cahakah",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *cahakah",
"word": "sīɣ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*śasás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śasás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śasás"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "शश",
"tr": "śaśá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: शश (śaśá)\nPali: sasa\nPrakrit:\nMagadhi Prakrit:\nAssamese: শহা (xoha)\nBengali: শশা (śośa)\nHelu Prakrit:\nSinhalese: සාවා (sāwā), සහාවා (sahāwā), ශශයා (śaśayā), සැසයා (sæsayā), හාවෝ (hāwō)?\nMaharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀲 (sasa)\nOld Marathi: ससा (sasā)\nMarathi: ससा (sasā)\nKonkani: सोंसो (souso)\nSauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀲 (sasa)\nGujarati: સસલું (saslũ)\nHindi: सस (sas)\nPunjabi: ਸਹਾ (sahā), ਸਹਿਆ (sahiā)\nRomani: śośoj\n→ Tamil: சசம் (cacam)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: शश (śaśá)\nPali: sasa\nPrakrit:\nMagadhi Prakrit:\nAssamese: শহা (xoha)\nBengali: শশা (śośa)\nHelu Prakrit:\nSinhalese: සාවා (sāwā), සහාවා (sahāwā), ශශයා (śaśayā), සැසයා (sæsayā), හාවෝ (hāwō)?\nMaharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀲 (sasa)\nOld Marathi: ससा (sasā)\nMarathi: ससा (sasā)\nKonkani: सोंसो (souso)\nSauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀲 (sasa)\nGujarati: સસલું (saslũ)\nHindi: सस (sas)\nPunjabi: ਸਹਾ (sahā), ਸਹਿਆ (sahiā)\nRomani: śośoj\n→ Tamil: சசம் (cacam)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*caháh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *caháh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *caháh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "سوی",
"tr": "soy"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: سوی (soy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: سوی (soy)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"2": "𑀲𑀳",
"tr": "saha"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: 𑀲𑀳 (saha)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: 𑀲𑀳 (saha)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbl",
"2": "sыy"
},
"expansion": "Wakhi: sыy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Wakhi: sыy"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "isk",
"tr": "si"
},
"expansion": "Ishkashimi: [script needed] (si)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ishkashimi: [script needed] (si)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgy",
"2": "sui"
},
"expansion": "Sanglechi: sui",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanglechi: sui"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱesós",
"4": "",
"5": "grey; hare"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱesós (“grey; hare”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cānus"
},
"expansion": "Latin cānus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hara"
},
"expansion": "Old English hara",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hare"
},
"expansion": "English hare",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "sasnis",
"3": "",
"4": "hare"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian sasnis (“hare”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ḱesós (“grey; hare”). Compare Latin cānus, Old English hara (English hare), Old Prussian sasnis (“hare”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "iir-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "masculine a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasás",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasā́(w)",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasā́s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasā́sas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćása",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćásā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćásāw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćásās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćásāsas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasā́(w)",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasā́ns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáybʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáybʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasā́yš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasā́t",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáybʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáybʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáybʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasā́y",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáybʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáybʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáybʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasásya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáyās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasā́naHam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáyaw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćasáyšu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*ćasás m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "iir-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ćasás",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian masculine nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"hare"
],
"links": [
[
"hare",
"hare"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ćasás"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ćasás meaning in Proto-Indo-Iranian (7.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-Iranian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (58c391d and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.