See wíćwas in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSONL data for wíćwas meaning in Proto-Indo-Iranian (7.4kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wíśwas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wíśwas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wíśwas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "विश्व",
"t": "all, every; universe",
"tr": "víśva"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: विश्व (víśva, “all, every; universe”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: विश्व (víśva, “all, every; universe”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wícwah",
"t": "all, every; whole"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wícwah (“all, every; whole”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wícwah (“all, every; whole”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬍𐬯𐬞𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬍𐬯𐬞𐬀 (vīspa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬍𐬯𐬞𐬀 (vīspa)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"tr": "biśśa"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: [script needed] (biśśa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: [script needed] (biśśa)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sogdo-Bactrian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbc",
"2": "οισπο",
"ts": "wīsp"
},
"expansion": "Bactrian: οισπο (oispo /wīsp/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bactrian: οισπο (oispo /wīsp/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "-",
"ts": "wisp"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: (/wisp/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: (/wisp/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫛",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫛 (wysp)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫛 (wysp)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "",
"sc": "Sogd",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wysp"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian script: [script needed] (wysp)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian script: [script needed] (wysp)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܘܝܣܦ",
"sc": "Syrc",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wysp"
},
"expansion": "Syriac script: ܘܝܣܦ (wysp)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Syriac script: ܘܝܣܦ (wysp)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps, c.f. گشت (gešt) in Persian"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps, c.f. گشت (gešt) in Persian)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Kurdish: (perhaps, c.f. گشت (gešt) in Persian)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "گشت",
"tr": "gišt"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: گشت (gišt)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: گشت (gišt)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "gişt",
"tr": "gišt"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: gişt (gišt)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: gişt (gišt), gîh (gīh)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-mpr-pro",
"2": "*wíspah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Medo-Parthian: *wíspah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Medo-Parthian: *wíspah"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzn",
"2": "گشت",
"t": "all, every; everywhere",
"tr": "gešt"
},
"expansion": "Mazanderani: گشت (gešt, “all, every; everywhere”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Mazanderani: گشت (gešt, “all, every; everywhere”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-old",
"2": "",
"ts": "*vispa"
},
"expansion": "Old Median: [Term?] (/*vispa/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Median: [Term?] (/*vispa/)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎻𐎿𐎱",
"bor": "1",
"ts": "vispa"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Persian: 𐎻𐎿𐎱 (vi-s-p /vispa/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Persian: 𐎻𐎿𐎱 (vi-s-p /vispa/)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"ts": "wisp"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/wisp/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/wisp/)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫛",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫛 (wysp)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫛 (wysp)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐭥𐭮𐭯",
"sc": "Phli",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wsp"
},
"expansion": "Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭥𐭮𐭯 (wsp)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭥𐭮𐭯 (wsp)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wsp"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (wsp)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (wsp), [Book Pahlavi needed] (wst')"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐮅𐮍𐮎𐮈",
"sc": "Phlp",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wspy"
},
"expansion": "Psalter Pahlavi script: 𐮅𐮍𐮎𐮈 (wspy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Psalter Pahlavi script: 𐮅𐮍𐮎𐮈 (wspy)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐬬𐬌𐬯𐬞",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Pazend script: 𐬬𐬌𐬯𐬞 (visp)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pazend script: 𐬬𐬌𐬯𐬞 (visp)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "-",
"ts": "wisp"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: (/wisp/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: (/wisp/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐭅𐭉𐭎𐭐",
"sc": "Prti",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭅𐭉𐭎𐭐 (wysp)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭅𐭉𐭎𐭐 (wysp)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫛",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫛 (wysp)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫛 (wysp)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎻𐎿",
"ts": "visa"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: 𐎻𐎿 (vi-s /visa/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: 𐎻𐎿 (vi-s /visa/)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weys-",
"4": "*wisos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wisos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*vьxъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *vьxъ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wisos, or from Proto-Indo-European *wi, then cognate with Proto-Slavic *vьxъ.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*wíćwas",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/wíćwas",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"all, every"
],
"id": "en-wíćwas-iir-pro-adj-toX0Xi35",
"links": [
[
"all",
"all"
],
[
"every",
"every"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*sárwas"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wíćwas"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wíśwas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wíśwas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wíśwas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "विश्व",
"t": "all, every; universe",
"tr": "víśva"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: विश्व (víśva, “all, every; universe”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: विश्व (víśva, “all, every; universe”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wícwah",
"t": "all, every; whole"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wícwah (“all, every; whole”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wícwah (“all, every; whole”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬍𐬯𐬞𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬍𐬯𐬞𐬀 (vīspa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬍𐬯𐬞𐬀 (vīspa)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"tr": "biśśa"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: [script needed] (biśśa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: [script needed] (biśśa)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sogdo-Bactrian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbc",
"2": "οισπο",
"ts": "wīsp"
},
"expansion": "Bactrian: οισπο (oispo /wīsp/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bactrian: οισπο (oispo /wīsp/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "-",
"ts": "wisp"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: (/wisp/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: (/wisp/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫛",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫛 (wysp)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫛 (wysp)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "",
"sc": "Sogd",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wysp"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian script: [script needed] (wysp)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian script: [script needed] (wysp)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܘܝܣܦ",
"sc": "Syrc",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wysp"
},
"expansion": "Syriac script: ܘܝܣܦ (wysp)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Syriac script: ܘܝܣܦ (wysp)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps, c.f. گشت (gešt) in Persian"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps, c.f. گشت (gešt) in Persian)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Kurdish: (perhaps, c.f. گشت (gešt) in Persian)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "گشت",
"tr": "gišt"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: گشت (gišt)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: گشت (gišt)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "gişt",
"tr": "gišt"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: gişt (gišt)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: gişt (gišt), gîh (gīh)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-mpr-pro",
"2": "*wíspah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Medo-Parthian: *wíspah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Medo-Parthian: *wíspah"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzn",
"2": "گشت",
"t": "all, every; everywhere",
"tr": "gešt"
},
"expansion": "Mazanderani: گشت (gešt, “all, every; everywhere”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Mazanderani: گشت (gešt, “all, every; everywhere”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-old",
"2": "",
"ts": "*vispa"
},
"expansion": "Old Median: [Term?] (/*vispa/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Median: [Term?] (/*vispa/)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎻𐎿𐎱",
"bor": "1",
"ts": "vispa"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Persian: 𐎻𐎿𐎱 (vi-s-p /vispa/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Persian: 𐎻𐎿𐎱 (vi-s-p /vispa/)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"ts": "wisp"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/wisp/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/wisp/)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫛",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫛 (wysp)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫛 (wysp)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐭥𐭮𐭯",
"sc": "Phli",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wsp"
},
"expansion": "Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭥𐭮𐭯 (wsp)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭥𐭮𐭯 (wsp)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wsp"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (wsp)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (wsp), [Book Pahlavi needed] (wst')"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐮅𐮍𐮎𐮈",
"sc": "Phlp",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wspy"
},
"expansion": "Psalter Pahlavi script: 𐮅𐮍𐮎𐮈 (wspy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Psalter Pahlavi script: 𐮅𐮍𐮎𐮈 (wspy)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐬬𐬌𐬯𐬞",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Pazend script: 𐬬𐬌𐬯𐬞 (visp)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pazend script: 𐬬𐬌𐬯𐬞 (visp)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "-",
"ts": "wisp"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: (/wisp/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: (/wisp/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐭅𐭉𐭎𐭐",
"sc": "Prti",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭅𐭉𐭎𐭐 (wysp)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭅𐭉𐭎𐭐 (wysp)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫛",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫛 (wysp)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫛 (wysp)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎻𐎿",
"ts": "visa"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: 𐎻𐎿 (vi-s /visa/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: 𐎻𐎿 (vi-s /visa/)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weys-",
"4": "*wisos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wisos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*vьxъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *vьxъ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wisos, or from Proto-Indo-European *wi, then cognate with Proto-Slavic *vьxъ.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*wíćwas",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/wíćwas",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-Iranian adjectives",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"all, every"
],
"links": [
[
"all",
"all"
],
[
"every",
"every"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*sárwas"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wíćwas"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-Iranian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (0f7b3ac and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.