See tárunas in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"roman": "táruṇa",
"word": "तरुण"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"lang_code": "inc-pro",
"word": "*tárunas"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae",
"roman": "taᵘruna",
"sense": "young",
"word": "𐬙𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬥𐬀"
}
],
"lang": "Central Iranian",
"lang_code": "xme-ker"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Digor Ossetian",
"lang_code": "os",
"roman": "tærin",
"word": "тӕрин"
},
{
"lang": "Digor Ossetian",
"lang_code": "os",
"roman": "tærna",
"word": "тӕрна"
},
{
"lang": "Iron Ossetian",
"lang_code": "os",
"roman": "tyrýn",
"word": "тыры́н"
},
{
"lang": "Iron Ossetian",
"lang_code": "os",
"roman": "tyr",
"word": "тыр"
}
],
"lang": "Ossetian",
"lang_code": "os"
},
{
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "tar",
"sense": "wet",
"word": "تر"
},
{
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "tôla",
"sense": "whelp",
"word": "توله"
},
{
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "tarâna",
"sense": "a handsome youth",
"word": "ترانه"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Scythian",
"lang_code": "xsc-pro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sogdian",
"lang_code": "sog",
"sense": "tame, gentle",
"word": "trn"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Sogdic",
"lang_code": "ira-sgc-pro"
}
],
"lang": "Sogdo-Bactrian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Northeastern Iranian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"sense": "puppy",
"word": "tûle"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"sense": "fresh; new; young",
"word": "terr"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"word": "tol"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"word": "tolaz"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"sense": "vagabond, lady's man, rascal, straggler...",
"word": "torran"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"sense": "hussy, floozie, whore",
"word": "tole"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"sense": "revenge",
"word": "tol"
}
],
"lang": "Northwestern Iranian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle Persian",
"lang_code": "pal",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "tōrūk",
"sense": "young dog",
"word": "tarōk"
}
],
"lang": "Southwestern Iranian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"word": "*tárunah"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ter-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ter-",
"4": "",
"5": "soft, tender; young, small"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ter- (“soft, tender; young, small”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ter- (“soft, tender; young, small”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": ""
},
"expansion": "*tárunas",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/tárunas",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"young, tender"
],
"id": "en-tárunas-iir-pro-adj-jTeRreut",
"links": [
[
"young",
"young"
],
[
"tender",
"tender"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "tárunas"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"roman": "táruṇa",
"word": "तरुण"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"lang_code": "inc-pro",
"word": "*tárunas"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae",
"roman": "taᵘruna",
"sense": "young",
"word": "𐬙𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬥𐬀"
}
],
"lang": "Central Iranian",
"lang_code": "xme-ker"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Digor Ossetian",
"lang_code": "os",
"roman": "tærin",
"word": "тӕрин"
},
{
"lang": "Digor Ossetian",
"lang_code": "os",
"roman": "tærna",
"word": "тӕрна"
},
{
"lang": "Iron Ossetian",
"lang_code": "os",
"roman": "tyrýn",
"word": "тыры́н"
},
{
"lang": "Iron Ossetian",
"lang_code": "os",
"roman": "tyr",
"word": "тыр"
}
],
"lang": "Ossetian",
"lang_code": "os"
},
{
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "tar",
"sense": "wet",
"word": "تر"
},
{
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "tôla",
"sense": "whelp",
"word": "توله"
},
{
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "tarâna",
"sense": "a handsome youth",
"word": "ترانه"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Scythian",
"lang_code": "xsc-pro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sogdian",
"lang_code": "sog",
"sense": "tame, gentle",
"word": "trn"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Sogdic",
"lang_code": "ira-sgc-pro"
}
],
"lang": "Sogdo-Bactrian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Northeastern Iranian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"sense": "puppy",
"word": "tûle"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"sense": "fresh; new; young",
"word": "terr"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"word": "tol"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"word": "tolaz"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"sense": "vagabond, lady's man, rascal, straggler...",
"word": "torran"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"sense": "hussy, floozie, whore",
"word": "tole"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"sense": "revenge",
"word": "tol"
}
],
"lang": "Northwestern Iranian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle Persian",
"lang_code": "pal",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "tōrūk",
"sense": "young dog",
"word": "tarōk"
}
],
"lang": "Southwestern Iranian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"word": "*tárunah"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ter-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ter-",
"4": "",
"5": "soft, tender; young, small"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ter- (“soft, tender; young, small”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ter- (“soft, tender; young, small”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": ""
},
"expansion": "*tárunas",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/tárunas",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian adjectives",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ter-"
],
"glosses": [
"young, tender"
],
"links": [
[
"young",
"young"
],
[
"tender",
"tender"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "tárunas"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tárunas meaning in Proto-Indo-Iranian (3.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-Iranian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.