See pratʰamás in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*pratʰamás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pratʰamás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pratʰamás"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "प्रथम",
"tr": "prathamá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: प्रथम (prathamá)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: प्रथम (prathamá) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*fratamáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *fratamáh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *fratamáh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬀 (fratəma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬀 (fratəma)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"tr": "prtmw"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: [script needed] (prtmw)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: [script needed] (prtmw)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎳𐎼𐎫𐎶𐎠",
"tr": "fratama"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: 𐎳𐎼𐎫𐎶𐎠 (fratama)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: 𐎳𐎼𐎫𐎶𐎠 (fratama)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"ts": "fradom"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/fradom/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/fradom/)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫛𐫡𐫤𐫇𐫖",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫡𐫤𐫇𐫖 (prtwm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫡𐫤𐫇𐫖 (prtwm)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "pltwm"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (pltwm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (pltwm)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "փարթամ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Armenian: փարթամ (pʻartʻam)\nArmenian: փարթամ (pʻartʻam)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: փարթամ (pʻartʻam)\nArmenian: փարթամ (pʻartʻam)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pro-tm̥mós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pro-tm̥mós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "primus"
},
"expansion": "Latin primus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πρῶτος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πρῶτος (prôtos)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From an earlier *pratamás, from Proto-Indo-European *pro-tm̥mós, from *pro- (“toward, forward”) + *-tm̥mos (absolute superlative suffix) and influenced by the /tʰ/ in *-ištʰas. Cognate with Latin primus, Ancient Greek πρῶτος (prôtos).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "numeral"
},
"expansion": "*pratʰamás",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/pratʰamás",
"pos": "num",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian ordinal numbers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first"
],
"id": "en-pratʰamás-iir-pro-num-p5N7ZLjK",
"links": [
[
"first",
"first"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "pratʰamás"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*pratʰamás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pratʰamás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pratʰamás"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "प्रथम",
"tr": "prathamá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: प्रथम (prathamá)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: प्रथम (prathamá) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*fratamáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *fratamáh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *fratamáh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬀 (fratəma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬀 (fratəma)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"tr": "prtmw"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: [script needed] (prtmw)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: [script needed] (prtmw)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎳𐎼𐎫𐎶𐎠",
"tr": "fratama"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: 𐎳𐎼𐎫𐎶𐎠 (fratama)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: 𐎳𐎼𐎫𐎶𐎠 (fratama)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"ts": "fradom"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/fradom/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/fradom/)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫛𐫡𐫤𐫇𐫖",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫡𐫤𐫇𐫖 (prtwm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫡𐫤𐫇𐫖 (prtwm)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "pltwm"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (pltwm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (pltwm)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "փարթամ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Armenian: փարթամ (pʻartʻam)\nArmenian: փարթամ (pʻartʻam)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: փարթամ (pʻartʻam)\nArmenian: փարթամ (pʻartʻam)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pro-tm̥mós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pro-tm̥mós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "primus"
},
"expansion": "Latin primus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πρῶτος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πρῶτος (prôtos)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From an earlier *pratamás, from Proto-Indo-European *pro-tm̥mós, from *pro- (“toward, forward”) + *-tm̥mos (absolute superlative suffix) and influenced by the /tʰ/ in *-ištʰas. Cognate with Latin primus, Ancient Greek πρῶτος (prôtos).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "numeral"
},
"expansion": "*pratʰamás",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/pratʰamás",
"pos": "num",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian numerals",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian ordinal numbers",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"first"
],
"links": [
[
"first",
"first"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "pratʰamás"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pratʰamás meaning in Proto-Indo-Iranian (3.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-Iranian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (9a214a4 and 1b6da77). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.