See pr̥Hwás in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pr̥h₂-wó-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-wó-s",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-wó-s, from *preh₂- (“before, in front of”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "*pr̥Hwás",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/pr̥Hwás",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "pūrvyá",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pr̥Hwyás",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "पूर्व्य"
},
{
"roman": "paouruuiiō",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *pr̥Hwyáh",
"word": "𐬞𐬀𐬊𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬌𐬌𐬋"
}
],
"glosses": [
"before, first, in front of"
],
"id": "en-pr̥Hwás-iir-pro-prep-80czjIb6",
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
],
[
"first",
"first"
],
[
"front",
"front"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "pr̥Hwás"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*pr̥Hwás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pr̥Hwás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pr̥Hwás"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पूर्व",
"tr": "pū́rva"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: पूर्व (pū́rva)\nDardic:\nKashmiri: پوٗر (pūr, “east”)\nNortheast Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)\nNorthwest Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)\nSoutheast Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)\nSouthwest Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)\nHelu Prakrit:\nSinhalese: පුව (puwa)\nMagadhi Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯 (puvva), 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸 (puvvā, “east”)\nBengali: পুব (pubo)\nBihari: पुर्वे (purve, “second ploughing”)\nMaithili: पूब (pūb, “east”), पूबा (pūbā, “easterner”)\nPali: pubba (in compounds)\n→ Burmese: ပုဗ္ဗ (pubba.)\nSauraseni Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯 (puvva), 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸 (puvvā, “east”)\nOld Hindi: पुब (puba, “former”)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: पूर्व (pū́rva)\nDardic:\nKashmiri: پوٗر (pūr, “east”)\nNortheast Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)\nNorthwest Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)\nSoutheast Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)\nSouthwest Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)\nHelu Prakrit:\nSinhalese: පුව (puwa)\nMagadhi Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯 (puvva), 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸 (puvvā, “east”)\nBengali: পুব (pubo)\nBihari: पुर्वे (purve, “second ploughing”)\nMaithili: पूब (pūb, “east”), पूबा (pūbā, “easterner”)\nPali: pubba (in compounds)\n→ Burmese: ပုဗ္ဗ (pubba.)\nSauraseni Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯 (puvva), 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸 (puvvā, “east”)\nOld Hindi: पुब (puba, “former”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*pr̥Hwáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *pr̥Hwáh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *pr̥Hwáh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀 (paᵘruua)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀 (paᵘruua)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-nur-pro",
"2": "*puwwá",
"t": "last year"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Nuristani: *puwwá (“last year”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Nuristani: *puwwá (“last year”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern Nuristani:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bsh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Kamkata-viri:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kamkata-viri:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xvi",
"2": "pū́"
},
"expansion": "Kamviri: pū́",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kamviri: pū́"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bsh-kat",
"2": "púve"
},
"expansion": "Kativiri: púve",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kativiri: púve"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southern Nuristani:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ask",
"2": "páu"
},
"expansion": "Ashkun: páu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ashkun: páu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbk",
"2": "pöv"
},
"expansion": "Waigali: pöv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Waigali: pöv"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pr̥h₂-wó-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-wó-s",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-wó-s, from *preh₂- (“before, in front of”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*pr̥Hwás",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/pr̥Hwás",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"ancient, old"
],
"id": "en-pr̥Hwás-iir-pro-adj-yrw-2QLa",
"links": [
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"old",
"old"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "pr̥Hwás"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian adjectives",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian prepositions",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "pūrvyá",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pr̥Hwyás",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "पूर्व्य"
},
{
"roman": "paouruuiiō",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *pr̥Hwyáh",
"word": "𐬞𐬀𐬊𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬌𐬌𐬋"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pr̥h₂-wó-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-wó-s",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-wó-s, from *preh₂- (“before, in front of”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "*pr̥Hwás",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/pr̥Hwás",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"before, first, in front of"
],
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
],
[
"first",
"first"
],
[
"front",
"front"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "pr̥Hwás"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian adjectives",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian prepositions",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*pr̥Hwás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pr̥Hwás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pr̥Hwás"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पूर्व",
"tr": "pū́rva"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: पूर्व (pū́rva)\nDardic:\nKashmiri: پوٗر (pūr, “east”)\nNortheast Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)\nNorthwest Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)\nSoutheast Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)\nSouthwest Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)\nHelu Prakrit:\nSinhalese: පුව (puwa)\nMagadhi Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯 (puvva), 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸 (puvvā, “east”)\nBengali: পুব (pubo)\nBihari: पुर्वे (purve, “second ploughing”)\nMaithili: पूब (pūb, “east”), पूबा (pūbā, “easterner”)\nPali: pubba (in compounds)\n→ Burmese: ပုဗ္ဗ (pubba.)\nSauraseni Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯 (puvva), 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸 (puvvā, “east”)\nOld Hindi: पुब (puba, “former”)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: पूर्व (pū́rva)\nDardic:\nKashmiri: پوٗر (pūr, “east”)\nNortheast Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)\nNorthwest Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)\nSoutheast Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)\nSouthwest Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)\nHelu Prakrit:\nSinhalese: පුව (puwa)\nMagadhi Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯 (puvva), 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸 (puvvā, “east”)\nBengali: পুব (pubo)\nBihari: पुर्वे (purve, “second ploughing”)\nMaithili: पूब (pūb, “east”), पूबा (pūbā, “easterner”)\nPali: pubba (in compounds)\n→ Burmese: ပုဗ္ဗ (pubba.)\nSauraseni Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯 (puvva), 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸 (puvvā, “east”)\nOld Hindi: पुब (puba, “former”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*pr̥Hwáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *pr̥Hwáh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *pr̥Hwáh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀 (paᵘruua)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀 (paᵘruua)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-nur-pro",
"2": "*puwwá",
"t": "last year"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Nuristani: *puwwá (“last year”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Nuristani: *puwwá (“last year”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern Nuristani:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bsh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Kamkata-viri:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kamkata-viri:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xvi",
"2": "pū́"
},
"expansion": "Kamviri: pū́",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kamviri: pū́"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bsh-kat",
"2": "púve"
},
"expansion": "Kativiri: púve",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kativiri: púve"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southern Nuristani:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ask",
"2": "páu"
},
"expansion": "Ashkun: páu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ashkun: páu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbk",
"2": "pöv"
},
"expansion": "Waigali: pöv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Waigali: pöv"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pr̥h₂-wó-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-wó-s",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-wó-s, from *preh₂- (“before, in front of”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*pr̥Hwás",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/pr̥Hwás",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"ancient, old"
],
"links": [
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"old",
"old"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "pr̥Hwás"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pr̥Hwás meaning in Proto-Indo-Iranian (5.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-Iranian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (887c61b and 3d4dee6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.