See pŕ̥ts in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"roman": "pṛt",
"word": "पृत्"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"lang_code": "inc-pro",
"word": "*pŕ̥ts"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Younger Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae",
"roman": "pər^ətasca",
"word": "𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬀𐬯𐬗𐬀"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "npert",
"word": "նպերտ"
},
{
"lang": "Parthian",
"lang_code": "xpr",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "nbrdg",
"sense": "warlike, contentious",
"word": "𐫗𐫁𐫡𐫅𐫃"
}
],
"lang": "Parthian",
"lang_code": "xpr",
"roman": "nbrd",
"word": "𐫗𐫁𐫡𐫅"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Manichaean script",
"lang_code": "pal",
"roman": "nbrd",
"word": "𐫗𐫁𐫡𐫅"
},
{
"lang": "Book Pahlavi script",
"lang_code": "pal-Latn",
"word": "nplt'"
},
{
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "nabard",
"word": "نبرد"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Persian",
"lang_code": "pal",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"sense": "tried, experienced",
"word": "npltk'"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Persian",
"lang_code": "pal",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"sense": "to fight, do battle",
"word": "npltytn'"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Persian",
"lang_code": "pal"
}
],
"lang": "Old Persian",
"lang_code": "peo",
"word": "*nipr̥tah"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*nipŕ̥ts"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"word": "*pŕ̥ts"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pér-t-s ~ *pr̥-t-és",
"t": "beating"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pér-t-s ~ *pr̥-t-és (“beating”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*per-",
"3": "*-ts",
"id1": "beat",
"nocat": "1",
"pos2": "t-stem action noun suffix",
"t1": "to beat"
},
"expansion": "*per- (“to beat”) + *-ts (t-stem action noun suffix)",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Leveled from Proto-Indo-European *pér-t-s ~ *pr̥-t-és (“beating”), from earlier acrostatic *pór-t-s ~ *pér-t-s, from *per- (“to beat”) + *-ts (t-stem action noun suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*pŕ̥ts f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/pŕ̥ts",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to fight",
"roman": "pṛtanyáti",
"translation": "to fight",
"word": "⇒ Sanskrit: पृतन्यति"
},
{
"english": "army",
"roman": "pṛtanyā",
"translation": "army",
"word": "⇒ Sanskrit: पृतन्या"
},
{
"english": "enemy",
"roman": "pṛtanyú",
"translation": "enemy",
"word": "⇒ Sanskrit: पृतन्यु"
},
{
"roman": "pṛ́tanā",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit",
"feminine"
],
"word": "पृतना"
},
{
"roman": "pṛ́tana",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit",
"masculine"
],
"word": "पृतन"
},
{
"english": "battle",
"translation": "battle",
"word": "pŕ̥tanaH"
},
{
"word": "pŕ̥tanaH"
},
{
"english": "battle, fight",
"translation": "battle, fight",
"word": "pŕ̥tanaH"
},
{
"roman": "pəṣ̌anā",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "𐬞𐬆𐬴𐬀𐬥𐬁"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fight, struggle, battle"
],
"id": "en-pŕ̥ts-iir-pro-noun-5GwB9Z05",
"links": [
[
"fight",
"fight"
],
[
"struggle",
"struggle"
],
[
"battle",
"battle"
]
],
"related": [
{
"alt": "parva",
"english": "fighters",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"translation": "fighters",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"word": "parwans"
},
{
"roman": "avurrda̮",
"word": "⇒ Khotanese: [script needed]"
},
{
"alt": "avaurrdä",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"alt": "avurde",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"alt": "avurda",
"english": "not overcome, unconquered",
"translation": "not overcome, unconquered",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"english": "army",
"roman": "purāma",
"translation": "army",
"word": "⇒ Khotanese: [script needed]"
},
{
"alt": "pūrrūṃ",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"alt": "pūrūṃ, 1sg.pres.act.",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"alt": "purrī, 2sg.pres.act.",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"alt": "purdai",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"alt": "purrda",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"alt": "pūrrda̮, pret.",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"alt": "parrde",
"english": "win, conquer, overcome",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"translation": "win, conquer, overcome",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"word": "pr̥náwti"
},
{
"word": "pr̥nátay"
},
{
"alt": "ʾprtk /ᵊpəʳtē/",
"english": "indebted",
"translation": "indebted",
"word": "⇒ Sogdian: 𐼰𐼾𐽀𐽂𐼸"
},
{
"alt": "nbrdʾd /nibardād/",
"roman": "pp.2",
"word": "⇒ Parthian: 𐫗𐫁𐫡𐫅𐫀𐫅"
},
{
"word": "pr̥tátay"
},
{
"word": "pāpr̥tátay"
},
{
"word": "⇒ *pāpr̥tátay"
},
{
"english": "fight, battle",
"roman": "gupar",
"translation": "fight, battle",
"word": "→? Old Armenian: գուպար"
},
{
"word": "wipārah"
},
{
"word": "wipāras"
},
{
"roman": "pərəne, 1sg.pres.ind.med.",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬈"
},
{
"roman": "pərəṇte, 3pl.pres.ind.med.",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬈"
},
{
"roman": "pərənāite, 3du.pres.ind.med.",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬁𐬌𐬙𐬈"
},
{
"roman": "pərənāi",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬁𐬌"
},
{
"roman": "pərənāne, 1sg.pres.subj.med.",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬁𐬥𐬈"
},
{
"english": "to fight, struggle",
"roman": "pərənəmna, ptc.pres.med.",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"translation": "to fight, struggle",
"word": "𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬆𐬨𐬥𐬀"
},
{
"roman": "pərətəṇte, 3pl.pres.ind.med.",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬈"
},
{
"roman": "pərətata, 3sg.pres.inj.med.",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬀𐬙𐬀"
},
{
"roman": "pərətəmna, ptc.pres.med.",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬥𐬀"
},
{
"roman": "pāpərətāna, ptc.pres.med.",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬞𐬁𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬁𐬥𐬀"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "pŕ̥ts"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "to fight",
"roman": "pṛtanyáti",
"translation": "to fight",
"word": "⇒ Sanskrit: पृतन्यति"
},
{
"english": "army",
"roman": "pṛtanyā",
"translation": "army",
"word": "⇒ Sanskrit: पृतन्या"
},
{
"english": "enemy",
"roman": "pṛtanyú",
"translation": "enemy",
"word": "⇒ Sanskrit: पृतन्यु"
},
{
"roman": "pṛ́tanā",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit",
"feminine"
],
"word": "पृतना"
},
{
"roman": "pṛ́tana",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit",
"masculine"
],
"word": "पृतन"
},
{
"english": "battle",
"translation": "battle",
"word": "pŕ̥tanaH"
},
{
"roman": "pəṣ̌anā",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "𐬞𐬆𐬴𐬀𐬥𐬁"
},
{
"word": "pŕ̥tanaH"
},
{
"english": "battle, fight",
"translation": "battle, fight",
"word": "pŕ̥tanaH"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"roman": "pṛt",
"word": "पृत्"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"lang_code": "inc-pro",
"word": "*pŕ̥ts"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Younger Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae",
"roman": "pər^ətasca",
"word": "𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬀𐬯𐬗𐬀"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "npert",
"word": "նպերտ"
},
{
"lang": "Parthian",
"lang_code": "xpr",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "nbrdg",
"sense": "warlike, contentious",
"word": "𐫗𐫁𐫡𐫅𐫃"
}
],
"lang": "Parthian",
"lang_code": "xpr",
"roman": "nbrd",
"word": "𐫗𐫁𐫡𐫅"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Manichaean script",
"lang_code": "pal",
"roman": "nbrd",
"word": "𐫗𐫁𐫡𐫅"
},
{
"lang": "Book Pahlavi script",
"lang_code": "pal-Latn",
"word": "nplt'"
},
{
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "nabard",
"word": "نبرد"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Persian",
"lang_code": "pal",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"sense": "tried, experienced",
"word": "npltk'"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Persian",
"lang_code": "pal",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"sense": "to fight, do battle",
"word": "npltytn'"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Persian",
"lang_code": "pal"
}
],
"lang": "Old Persian",
"lang_code": "peo",
"word": "*nipr̥tah"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*nipŕ̥ts"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"word": "*pŕ̥ts"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pér-t-s ~ *pr̥-t-és",
"t": "beating"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pér-t-s ~ *pr̥-t-és (“beating”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*per-",
"3": "*-ts",
"id1": "beat",
"nocat": "1",
"pos2": "t-stem action noun suffix",
"t1": "to beat"
},
"expansion": "*per- (“to beat”) + *-ts (t-stem action noun suffix)",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Leveled from Proto-Indo-European *pér-t-s ~ *pr̥-t-és (“beating”), from earlier acrostatic *pór-t-s ~ *pér-t-s, from *per- (“to beat”) + *-ts (t-stem action noun suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*pŕ̥ts f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/pŕ̥ts",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"alt": "parva",
"english": "fighters",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"translation": "fighters",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"word": "parwans"
},
{
"roman": "avurrda̮",
"word": "⇒ Khotanese: [script needed]"
},
{
"alt": "avaurrdä",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"alt": "avurde",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"alt": "avurda",
"english": "not overcome, unconquered",
"translation": "not overcome, unconquered",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"english": "army",
"roman": "purāma",
"translation": "army",
"word": "⇒ Khotanese: [script needed]"
},
{
"alt": "pūrrūṃ",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"alt": "pūrūṃ, 1sg.pres.act.",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"alt": "purrī, 2sg.pres.act.",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"alt": "purdai",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"alt": "purrda",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"alt": "pūrrda̮, pret.",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"alt": "parrde",
"english": "win, conquer, overcome",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"translation": "win, conquer, overcome",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"word": "pr̥náwti"
},
{
"roman": "pərəne, 1sg.pres.ind.med.",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬈"
},
{
"roman": "pərəṇte, 3pl.pres.ind.med.",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬈"
},
{
"roman": "pərənāite, 3du.pres.ind.med.",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬁𐬌𐬙𐬈"
},
{
"roman": "pərənāi",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬁𐬌"
},
{
"roman": "pərənāne, 1sg.pres.subj.med.",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬁𐬥𐬈"
},
{
"english": "to fight, struggle",
"roman": "pərənəmna, ptc.pres.med.",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"translation": "to fight, struggle",
"word": "𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬆𐬨𐬥𐬀"
},
{
"word": "pr̥nátay"
},
{
"roman": "pərətəṇte, 3pl.pres.ind.med.",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬈"
},
{
"roman": "pərətata, 3sg.pres.inj.med.",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬀𐬙𐬀"
},
{
"roman": "pərətəmna, ptc.pres.med.",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬥𐬀"
},
{
"alt": "ʾprtk /ᵊpəʳtē/",
"english": "indebted",
"translation": "indebted",
"word": "⇒ Sogdian: 𐼰𐼾𐽀𐽂𐼸"
},
{
"alt": "nbrdʾd /nibardād/",
"roman": "pp.2",
"word": "⇒ Parthian: 𐫗𐫁𐫡𐫅𐫀𐫅"
},
{
"word": "pr̥tátay"
},
{
"roman": "pāpərətāna, ptc.pres.med.",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬞𐬁𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬁𐬥𐬀"
},
{
"word": "pāpr̥tátay"
},
{
"word": "⇒ *pāpr̥tátay"
},
{
"english": "fight, battle",
"roman": "gupar",
"translation": "fight, battle",
"word": "→? Old Armenian: գուպար"
},
{
"word": "wipārah"
},
{
"word": "wipāras"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian feminine nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"fight, struggle, battle"
],
"links": [
[
"fight",
"fight"
],
[
"struggle",
"struggle"
],
[
"battle",
"battle"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "pŕ̥ts"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pŕ̥ts meaning in Proto-Indo-Iranian (6.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-Iranian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-11-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-11-20 using wiktextract (5887622 and c6a903f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.