See dušmánās in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*duẓmánās"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *duẓmánās",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *duẓmánās"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दुर्मनस्",
"t": "sad, melancholy"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: दुर्मनस् (durmanas, “sad, melancholy”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: दुर्मनस् (durmanas, “sad, melancholy”) दुर्मनास् (durmanās, m.nom.sg.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*dušmánāh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *dušmánāh",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *dušmánāh (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dus-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dusmenēs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dusmenēs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δυσμενής"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek δυσμενής (dusmenḗs)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dusmenēs. Cognate with Ancient Greek δυσμενής (dusmenḗs).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*dušmánās",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/dušmánās",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"ill-dispositioned"
],
"id": "en-dušmánās-iir-pro-adj-7LgQ~7tL",
"links": [
[
"ill",
"ill"
],
[
"dispositioned",
"dispositioned"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 82",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"perverse-minded"
],
"id": "en-dušmánās-iir-pro-adj-EbHOMAuz",
"links": [
[
"perverse",
"perverse"
],
[
"minded",
"minded"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Cornell University",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
],
"word": "dušmánās"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian adjectives",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dus-",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*duẓmánās"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *duẓmánās",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *duẓmánās"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दुर्मनस्",
"t": "sad, melancholy"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: दुर्मनस् (durmanas, “sad, melancholy”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: दुर्मनस् (durmanas, “sad, melancholy”) दुर्मनास् (durmanās, m.nom.sg.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*dušmánāh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *dušmánāh",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *dušmánāh (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dus-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dusmenēs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dusmenēs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δυσμενής"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek δυσμενής (dusmenḗs)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dusmenēs. Cognate with Ancient Greek δυσμενής (dusmenḗs).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*dušmánās",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/dušmánās",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"ill-dispositioned"
],
"links": [
[
"ill",
"ill"
],
[
"dispositioned",
"dispositioned"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"perverse-minded"
],
"links": [
[
"perverse",
"perverse"
],
[
"minded",
"minded"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Cornell University",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
],
"word": "dušmánās"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dušmánās meaning in Proto-Indo-Iranian (2.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-Iranian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.