See dʰrúǰʰyati in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"roman": "drúhyati",
"word": "द्रुह्यति"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"lang_code": "inc-pro",
"word": "*drúźʰyati"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Younger Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae",
"roman": "družaⁱti",
"word": "𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬲𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌"
}
],
"lang": "Old Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae",
"roman": "ādrujiiaṇt",
"word": "𐬁𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬧𐬙"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Manichaean script",
"lang_code": "xpr",
"roman": "drwzynd",
"word": "𐫅𐫡𐫇𐫉𐫏𐫗𐫅"
}
],
"lang": "Parthian",
"lang_code": "xpr"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Northern Luri",
"lang_code": "lrc",
"roman": "deruze",
"sense": "lier",
"word": "درۊزاْ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Manichaean script",
"lang_code": "pal",
"roman": "drwzyd",
"word": "𐫅𐫡𐫇𐫉𐫏𐫅"
},
{
"lang": "Book Pahlavi script",
"lang_code": "pal-Latn",
"word": "dlwcyt"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Persian",
"lang_code": "pal"
}
],
"lang": "Old Persian",
"lang_code": "peo",
"roman": "a-du-u-ru-u-ji-i-y",
"word": "𐎠𐎯𐎢𐎽𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹"
},
{
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "držem",
"word": "դրժեմ"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"word": "*drújyati"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰrewgʰ-",
"id": "deceive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*dʰrugʰ-yé-ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrugʰ-yé-ti",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dʰrugʰ-yé-ti, from *dʰrewgʰ- (“to deceive”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "verb",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": ""
},
"expansion": "*dʰrúǰʰyati",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/dʰrúǰʰyati",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian terms belonging to the root *dʰrawǰʰ-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to deceive"
],
"id": "en-dʰrúǰʰyati-iir-pro-verb-jNXvQJPd",
"links": [
[
"deceive",
"deceive"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "dʰrúǰʰyati"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"roman": "drúhyati",
"word": "द्रुह्यति"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"lang_code": "inc-pro",
"word": "*drúźʰyati"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Younger Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae",
"roman": "družaⁱti",
"word": "𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬲𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌"
}
],
"lang": "Old Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae",
"roman": "ādrujiiaṇt",
"word": "𐬁𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬧𐬙"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Manichaean script",
"lang_code": "xpr",
"roman": "drwzynd",
"word": "𐫅𐫡𐫇𐫉𐫏𐫗𐫅"
}
],
"lang": "Parthian",
"lang_code": "xpr"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Northern Luri",
"lang_code": "lrc",
"roman": "deruze",
"sense": "lier",
"word": "درۊزاْ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Manichaean script",
"lang_code": "pal",
"roman": "drwzyd",
"word": "𐫅𐫡𐫇𐫉𐫏𐫅"
},
{
"lang": "Book Pahlavi script",
"lang_code": "pal-Latn",
"word": "dlwcyt"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Persian",
"lang_code": "pal"
}
],
"lang": "Old Persian",
"lang_code": "peo",
"roman": "a-du-u-ru-u-ji-i-y",
"word": "𐎠𐎯𐎢𐎽𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹"
},
{
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "držem",
"word": "դրժեմ"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"word": "*drújyati"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰrewgʰ-",
"id": "deceive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*dʰrugʰ-yé-ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrugʰ-yé-ti",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dʰrugʰ-yé-ti, from *dʰrewgʰ- (“to deceive”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "verb",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": ""
},
"expansion": "*dʰrúǰʰyati",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/dʰrúǰʰyati",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms belonging to the root *dʰrawǰʰ-",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰrewgʰ- (deceive)",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to deceive"
],
"links": [
[
"deceive",
"deceive"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "dʰrúǰʰyati"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dʰrúǰʰyati meaning in Proto-Indo-Iranian (2.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-Iranian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.