See bʰiš- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*biš",
"t": "healing"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *biš (“healing”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *biš (“healing”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Avestan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-old",
"2": "𐬠𐬌𐬱",
"t": "healing, remedy"
},
"expansion": "Old Avestan: 𐬠𐬌𐬱 (biš, “healing, remedy”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Avestan: 𐬠𐬌𐬱 (biš, “healing, remedy”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-yng",
"2": "𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 𐬠𐬌𐬱𐬌",
"3": "𐬠𐬌𐬱𐬌𐬱 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬨𐬁𐬙𐬋",
"t": "medicinal",
"t2": "skilled in medicine"
},
"expansion": "Younger Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 𐬠𐬌𐬱𐬌 (paⁱti biši, “medicinal”), 𐬠𐬌𐬱𐬌𐬱 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬨𐬁𐬙𐬋 (bišiš framātō, “skilled in medicine”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Younger Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 𐬠𐬌𐬱𐬌 (paⁱti biši, “medicinal”), 𐬠𐬌𐬱𐬌𐬱 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬨𐬁𐬙𐬋 (bišiš framātō, “skilled in medicine”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰišaȷ́- (“to heal”, root)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰiṣaȷ́-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰiṣaȷ́-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰiṣaȷ́-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भिषक्ति",
"tr": "bhiṣákti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: भिषक्ति (bhiṣákti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भिषक्ति (bhiṣákti), भिषज्यति (bhiṣajyáti)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*bišaj-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *bišaj-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *bišaj-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-yng",
"2": "𐬠𐬌𐬱𐬀𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬝"
},
"expansion": "Younger Avestan: 𐬠𐬌𐬱𐬀𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬝 (bišaziiāt̰)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Younger Avestan: 𐬠𐬌𐬱𐬀𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬝 (bišaziiāt̰), 𐬠𐬌𐬱𐬀𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬋𐬌𐬱 (bišaziiōiš, 2nd person optative singular), 𐬠𐬌𐬱𐬀𐬰𐬁𐬥𐬌 (bišazāni)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"t": "to heal, cure",
"ts": "bišāzēnīdan, bišāz-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/bišāzēnīdan, bišāz-/, “to heal, cure”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/bišāzēnīdan, bišāz-/, “to heal, cure”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫁𐫏𐫢𐫀𐫉𐫏𐫗𐫏𐫅𐫗",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫁𐫏𐫢𐫀𐫉𐫏𐫗𐫏𐫅𐫗 (byšʾzynydn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫁𐫏𐫢𐫀𐫉𐫏𐫗𐫏𐫅𐫗 (byšʾzynydn), 𐫁𐫏𐫢𐫀𐫉- (byšʾz-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "byšʾcynytn'"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (byšʾcynytn')",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (byšʾcynytn'), [Book Pahlavi needed] (byšʾc-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰišáȷ́",
"der": "1",
"t": "doctor, physician"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰišáȷ́ (“doctor, physician”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰišáȷ́ (“doctor, physician”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰiṣáȷ́"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰiṣáȷ́",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰiṣáȷ́"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भिषज्",
"t": "healer, physician",
"tr": "bhiṣáj"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: भिषज् (bhiṣáj, “healer, physician”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भिषज् (bhiṣáj, “healer, physician”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*bišáj"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *bišáj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *bišáj"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"t": "doctor, healer, physician",
"ts": "bišāz"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/bišāz/, “doctor, healer, physician”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/bišāz/, “doctor, healer, physician”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫁𐫏𐫢𐫀𐫉",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫁𐫏𐫢𐫀𐫉 (byšʾz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫁𐫏𐫢𐫀𐫉 (byšʾz), 𐫁𐫏𐫢𐫀𐫝 (byšʾc)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*bišajkah",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Iranian: *bišajkah",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Iranian: *bišajkah (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰayšaȷ́ás",
"der": "1",
"t": "curative, healing"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰayšaȷ́ás (“curative, healing”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰayšaȷ́ás (“curative, healing”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeh₂-",
"alt": "*bʰh₂-s",
"t": "to speak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂-s (“to speak”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of obscure origin. Mayrhofer tentatively connects this to Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂-s (“to speak”); however, Cheung leaves the origin open, and speculates a borrowing from an unidentified non-Indo-European substrate language.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "root"
},
"expansion": "*bʰiš-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/bʰiš-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "95 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to heal; to cure"
],
"id": "en-bʰiš--iir-pro-root-aGxKKMGM",
"links": [
[
"heal",
"heal"
],
[
"cure",
"cure"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"medicine, medicinal herb"
],
"id": "en-bʰiš--iir-pro-root-XO3~4b7-",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"medicinal",
"medicinal"
],
[
"herb",
"herb"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bʰiš-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian roots",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*biš",
"t": "healing"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *biš (“healing”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *biš (“healing”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Avestan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-old",
"2": "𐬠𐬌𐬱",
"t": "healing, remedy"
},
"expansion": "Old Avestan: 𐬠𐬌𐬱 (biš, “healing, remedy”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Avestan: 𐬠𐬌𐬱 (biš, “healing, remedy”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-yng",
"2": "𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 𐬠𐬌𐬱𐬌",
"3": "𐬠𐬌𐬱𐬌𐬱 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬨𐬁𐬙𐬋",
"t": "medicinal",
"t2": "skilled in medicine"
},
"expansion": "Younger Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 𐬠𐬌𐬱𐬌 (paⁱti biši, “medicinal”), 𐬠𐬌𐬱𐬌𐬱 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬨𐬁𐬙𐬋 (bišiš framātō, “skilled in medicine”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Younger Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 𐬠𐬌𐬱𐬌 (paⁱti biši, “medicinal”), 𐬠𐬌𐬱𐬌𐬱 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬨𐬁𐬙𐬋 (bišiš framātō, “skilled in medicine”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰišaȷ́- (“to heal”, root)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰiṣaȷ́-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰiṣaȷ́-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰiṣaȷ́-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भिषक्ति",
"tr": "bhiṣákti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: भिषक्ति (bhiṣákti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भिषक्ति (bhiṣákti), भिषज्यति (bhiṣajyáti)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*bišaj-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *bišaj-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *bišaj-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-yng",
"2": "𐬠𐬌𐬱𐬀𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬝"
},
"expansion": "Younger Avestan: 𐬠𐬌𐬱𐬀𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬝 (bišaziiāt̰)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Younger Avestan: 𐬠𐬌𐬱𐬀𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬝 (bišaziiāt̰), 𐬠𐬌𐬱𐬀𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬋𐬌𐬱 (bišaziiōiš, 2nd person optative singular), 𐬠𐬌𐬱𐬀𐬰𐬁𐬥𐬌 (bišazāni)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"t": "to heal, cure",
"ts": "bišāzēnīdan, bišāz-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/bišāzēnīdan, bišāz-/, “to heal, cure”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/bišāzēnīdan, bišāz-/, “to heal, cure”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫁𐫏𐫢𐫀𐫉𐫏𐫗𐫏𐫅𐫗",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫁𐫏𐫢𐫀𐫉𐫏𐫗𐫏𐫅𐫗 (byšʾzynydn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫁𐫏𐫢𐫀𐫉𐫏𐫗𐫏𐫅𐫗 (byšʾzynydn), 𐫁𐫏𐫢𐫀𐫉- (byšʾz-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "byšʾcynytn'"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (byšʾcynytn')",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (byšʾcynytn'), [Book Pahlavi needed] (byšʾc-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰišáȷ́",
"der": "1",
"t": "doctor, physician"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰišáȷ́ (“doctor, physician”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰišáȷ́ (“doctor, physician”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰiṣáȷ́"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰiṣáȷ́",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰiṣáȷ́"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भिषज्",
"t": "healer, physician",
"tr": "bhiṣáj"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: भिषज् (bhiṣáj, “healer, physician”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भिषज् (bhiṣáj, “healer, physician”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*bišáj"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *bišáj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *bišáj"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"t": "doctor, healer, physician",
"ts": "bišāz"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/bišāz/, “doctor, healer, physician”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/bišāz/, “doctor, healer, physician”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫁𐫏𐫢𐫀𐫉",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫁𐫏𐫢𐫀𐫉 (byšʾz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫁𐫏𐫢𐫀𐫉 (byšʾz), 𐫁𐫏𐫢𐫀𐫝 (byšʾc)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*bišajkah",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Iranian: *bišajkah",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Iranian: *bišajkah (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰayšaȷ́ás",
"der": "1",
"t": "curative, healing"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰayšaȷ́ás (“curative, healing”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰayšaȷ́ás (“curative, healing”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeh₂-",
"alt": "*bʰh₂-s",
"t": "to speak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂-s (“to speak”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of obscure origin. Mayrhofer tentatively connects this to Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂-s (“to speak”); however, Cheung leaves the origin open, and speculates a borrowing from an unidentified non-Indo-European substrate language.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "root"
},
"expansion": "*bʰiš-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/bʰiš-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to heal; to cure"
],
"links": [
[
"heal",
"heal"
],
[
"cure",
"cure"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"medicine, medicinal herb"
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"medicinal",
"medicinal"
],
[
"herb",
"herb"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bʰiš-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bʰiš- meaning in Proto-Indo-Iranian (6.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-Iranian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.