kapyéti

kapyóm (first-person indicative past singular)
kapyési (indicative present second-person singular)
kapyés (indicative past second-person singular)
kapyé (imperative second-person singular)
kapyḗsi (second-person singular subjunctive)
kapyóys (optative second-person singular)
kapyéti (indicative present singular third-person)
kapyét (indicative past singular third-person)
kapyétu (imperative singular third-person)
kapyḗti (singular subjunctive third-person)
kapyóyt (optative singular third-person)
kapyówos (dual first-person indicative present)
kapyówe (dual first-person indicative past)
kapyṓwos (dual first-person subjunctive)
kapyóywe (dual first-person optative)
kapyétes (dual indicative present second-person)
kapyétom (dual indicative past second-person)
kapyétom (dual imperative second-person)
kapyḗtes (dual second-person subjunctive)
kapyóytom (dual optative second-person)
kapyétes (dual indicative present third-person)
kapyétām (dual indicative past third-person)
kapyétām (dual imperative third-person)
kapyḗtes (dual subjunctive third-person)
kapyóytām (dual optative third-person)
kapyómos (first-person indicative plural present)
kapyóme (first-person indicative past plural)
kapyṓmos (first-person plural subjunctive)
kapyóyme (first-person optative plural)
kapyéte (indicative plural present second-person)
kapyéte (indicative past plural second-person)
kapyéte (imperative plural second-person)
kapyḗte (plural second-person subjunctive)
kapyóyte (optative plural second-person)
kapyónti (indicative plural present third-person)
kapyónt (indicative past plural third-person)
kapyóntu (imperative plural third-person)
kapyṓnti (plural subjunctive third-person)
kapyónts (indicative participle present)
kapyéso (imperative second-person singular)
kapyétor (indicative present singular third-person)
kapyéto (indicative past singular third-person)
kapyḗtor (singular subjunctive third-person)
kapyóyto (optative singular third-person)
kapyóntor (indicative plural present third-person)
kapyónto (indicative past plural third-person)
kapyṓntor (plural subjunctive third-person)
kapyóyro (optative plural third-person)
kapyómnos (indicative participle present)

Proto-Albanian: *kapa

Albanian: kap (“to grab, catch, seize”)

Proto-Balto-Slavic:

>? Latvian: kàmpju, kàmpt

Proto-Germanic: *habjaną (“to lift”) (see there for further descendants)

desctree

Proto-Hellenic: *kapťō
Ancient Greek: κάπτω (káptō)
Greek: χάφτω (cháfto), χάβω (chávo)

Proto-Italic: *kapjō
Latin: capiō
Oscan: kahad (3rd person singular present active subjunctive)


ḱéleti

ḱéloh₂ (first-person indicative present singular)
ḱélom (first-person indicative past singular)
ḱélōh₂ (first-person singular subjunctive)
ḱélesi (indicative present second-person singular)
ḱéles (indicative past second-person singular)
ḱéle (imperative second-person singular)
ḱélēsi (second-person singular subjunctive)
ḱéloys (optative second-person singular)
ḱéleti (indicative present singular third-person)
ḱélet (indicative past singular third-person)
ḱéletu (imperative singular third-person)
ḱélēti (singular subjunctive third-person)
ḱéloyt (optative singular third-person)
ḱélowos (dual first-person indicative present)
ḱélowe (dual first-person indicative past)
ḱélōwos (dual first-person subjunctive)
ḱéloywe (dual first-person optative)
ḱéletes (dual indicative present second-person)
ḱéletom (dual indicative past second-person)
ḱéletom (dual imperative second-person)
ḱélētes (dual second-person subjunctive)
ḱéloytom (dual optative second-person)
ḱéletes (dual indicative present third-person)
ḱéletām (dual indicative past third-person)
ḱéletām (dual imperative third-person)
ḱélētes (dual subjunctive third-person)
ḱéloytām (dual optative third-person)
ḱélomos (first-person indicative plural present)
ḱélome (first-person indicative past plural)
ḱélōmos (first-person plural subjunctive)
ḱéloyme (first-person optative plural)
ḱélete (indicative plural present second-person)
ḱélete (indicative past plural second-person)
ḱélete (imperative plural second-person)
ḱélēte (plural second-person subjunctive)
ḱéloyte (optative plural second-person)
ḱélonti (indicative plural present third-person)
ḱélont (indicative past plural third-person)
ḱélontu (imperative plural third-person)
ḱélōnti (plural subjunctive third-person)
ḱélonts (indicative participle present)
ḱélōh₂er (first-person singular subjunctive)
ḱéleso (imperative second-person singular)
ḱéletor (indicative present singular third-person)
ḱéleto (indicative past singular third-person)
ḱélētor (singular subjunctive third-person)
ḱéloyto (optative singular third-person)
ḱélēdʰh₂we (plural second-person subjunctive)
ḱélontor (indicative plural present third-person)
ḱélonto (indicative past plural third-person)
ḱélōntor (plural subjunctive third-person)
ḱéloyro (optative plural third-person)
ḱélomnos (indicative participle present)

Proto-Celtic: *keleti (see there for further descendants)

desc

Proto-Germanic: *helaną (“to cover, to conceal”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Italic: *kelō

Latin: *celō (attested in occulō)

Thematic root verb of *ḱel- (“to cover”).


légʰyeti

légʰyom (first-person indicative past singular)
légʰyōh₂ (first-person singular subjunctive)
légʰyesi (indicative present second-person singular)
légʰyes (indicative past second-person singular)
légʰye (imperative second-person singular)
légʰyēsi (second-person singular subjunctive)
légʰyoys (optative second-person singular)
légʰyeti (indicative present singular third-person)
légʰyet (indicative past singular third-person)
légʰyetu (imperative singular third-person)
légʰyēti (singular subjunctive third-person)
légʰyoyt (optative singular third-person)
légʰyowos (dual first-person indicative present)
légʰyowe (dual first-person indicative past)
légʰyōwos (dual first-person subjunctive)
légʰyoywe (dual first-person optative)
légʰyetes (dual indicative present second-person)
légʰyetom (dual indicative past second-person)
légʰyetom (dual imperative second-person)
légʰyētes (dual second-person subjunctive)
légʰyoytom (dual optative second-person)
légʰyetes (dual indicative present third-person)
légʰyetām (dual indicative past third-person)
légʰyetām (dual imperative third-person)
légʰyētes (dual subjunctive third-person)
légʰyoytām (dual optative third-person)
légʰyomos (first-person indicative plural present)
légʰyome (first-person indicative past plural)
légʰyōmos (first-person plural subjunctive)
légʰyoyme (first-person optative plural)
légʰyete (indicative plural present second-person)
légʰyete (indicative past plural second-person)
légʰyete (imperative plural second-person)
légʰyēte (plural second-person subjunctive)
légʰyoyte (optative plural second-person)
légʰyonti (indicative plural present third-person)
légʰyont (indicative past plural third-person)
légʰyontu (imperative plural third-person)
légʰyōnti (plural subjunctive third-person)
légʰyonts (indicative participle present)

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *legḗˀtei

Proto-Slavic: *ležati (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Germanic: *ligjaną (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Hellenic:

Ancient Greek: λέκτο (lékto)

From *legʰ- (“to lie in resting position”) + *-yeti.


mléwHti

mléwHmi (first-person indicative present singular)
mléwHm̥ (first-person indicative past singular)
mléwHsi (indicative present second-person singular)
mléwHs (indicative past second-person singular)
mléwH (imperative second-person singular)
mluHdʰí (imperative second-person singular)
mléwHesi (second-person singular subjunctive)
mléwHti (indicative present singular third-person)
mléwHt (indicative past singular third-person)
mléwHtu (imperative singular third-person)
mléwHeti (singular subjunctive third-person)
mluHwós (dual first-person indicative present)
mluHwé (dual first-person indicative past)
mléwHowos (dual first-person subjunctive)
mluHtés (dual indicative present second-person)
mluHtóm (dual indicative past second-person)
mluHtóm (dual imperative second-person)
mléwHetes (dual second-person subjunctive)
mluHtés (dual indicative present third-person)
mluHtā́m (dual indicative past third-person)
mluHtā́m (dual imperative third-person)
mléwHetes (dual subjunctive third-person)
mluHmós (first-person indicative plural present)
mluHmé (first-person indicative past plural)
mléwHomos (first-person plural subjunctive)
mluHté (indicative plural present second-person)
mluHté (indicative past plural second-person)
mluHté (imperative plural second-person)
mléwHete (plural second-person subjunctive)
mluHénti (indicative plural present third-person)
mluHént (indicative past plural third-person)
mluHéntu (imperative plural third-person)
mléwHonti (plural subjunctive third-person)
mluHónts (indicative participle present)
mluHsó (imperative second-person singular)
mluHtór (indicative present singular third-person)
mluHór (indicative present singular third-person)
mluHtó (indicative past singular third-person)
mluHó (indicative past singular third-person)
mléwHetor (singular subjunctive third-person)
mluHn̥tór (indicative plural present third-person)
mluHrór (indicative plural present third-person)
mluHn̥tó (indicative past plural third-person)
mluHró (indicative past plural third-person)
mléwHontor (plural subjunctive third-person)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *mráwHti

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bráwHti

desc

Sanskrit: ब्रवीति (brávīti), ब्रूते (brūté)

Proto-Iranian: *mráwHti

Avestan: 𐬨𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬙𐬌 (mraoⁱti)

Proto-Tocharian:

Tocharian B: pälw-

Athematic root present of *mlewH- (“to say”).


píph₃ōh₂ (first-person singular subjunctive)

>? Proto-Albanian: *pīja

Old Albanian: pii

Albanian: pi

Proto-Armenian:

Old Armenian: ըմպեմ (əmpem)

Proto-Celtic: *ɸibeti (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *píbati (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Italic: *pibō (see there for further descendants)

Thematic i-reduplicated present of *peh₃- (“to drink”).

Helmut Rix
Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben


píbeti

píbom (first-person indicative past singular)
píbōh₂ (first-person singular subjunctive)
píbesi (indicative present second-person singular)
píbes (indicative past second-person singular)
píbe (imperative second-person singular)
píbēsi (second-person singular subjunctive)
píboys (optative second-person singular)
píbeti (indicative present singular third-person)
píbet (indicative past singular third-person)
píbetu (imperative singular third-person)
píbēti (singular subjunctive third-person)
píboyt (optative singular third-person)
píbowos (dual first-person indicative present)
píbowe (dual first-person indicative past)
píbōwos (dual first-person subjunctive)
píboywe (dual first-person optative)
píbetes (dual indicative present second-person)
píbetom (dual indicative past second-person)
píbetom (dual imperative second-person)
píbētes (dual second-person subjunctive)
píboytom (dual optative second-person)
píbetes (dual indicative present third-person)
píbetām (dual indicative past third-person)
píbetām (dual imperative third-person)
píbētes (dual subjunctive third-person)
píboytām (dual optative third-person)
píbomos (first-person indicative plural present)
píbome (first-person indicative past plural)
píbōmos (first-person plural subjunctive)
píboyme (first-person optative plural)
píbete (indicative plural present second-person)
píbete (indicative past plural second-person)
píbete (imperative plural second-person)
píbēte (plural second-person subjunctive)
píboyte (optative plural second-person)
píbonti (indicative plural present third-person)
píbont (indicative past plural third-person)
píbontu (imperative plural third-person)
píbōnti (plural subjunctive third-person)
píbonts (indicative participle present)
píbeso (imperative second-person singular)
píbetor (indicative present singular third-person)
píbeto (indicative past singular third-person)
píbētor (singular subjunctive third-person)
píboyto (optative singular third-person)
píbontor (indicative plural present third-person)
píbonto (indicative past plural third-person)
píbōntor (plural subjunctive third-person)
píboyro (optative plural third-person)
píbomnos (indicative participle present)


Anatolian:

Hittite: 𒊭𒀀𒆠𒄑𒍣 (ša-a-ki-ez-zi /šākizzi/, 3.sg.pres.act.)

Proto-Germanic: *sōkijaną (“to seek, to look for”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Italic: *sāgiō

Latin: sāgiō


skéydt

skéydm̥ (first-person indicative singular)
skéyds (indicative second-person singular)
skéyd (imperative second-person singular)
skiddʰí (imperative second-person singular)
skéydesi (second-person singular subjunctive)
skéydt (indicative singular third-person)
skéydtu (imperative singular third-person)
skéydeti (singular subjunctive third-person)
skidwé (dual first-person indicative)
skéydowos (dual first-person subjunctive)
skidtóm (dual indicative second-person)
skidtóm (dual imperative second-person)
skéydetes (dual second-person subjunctive)
skidtā́m (dual indicative third-person)
skidtā́m (dual imperative third-person)
skéydetes (dual subjunctive third-person)
skidmé (first-person indicative plural)
skéydomos (first-person plural subjunctive)
skidté (indicative plural second-person)
skidté (imperative plural second-person)
skéydete (plural second-person subjunctive)
skidént (indicative plural third-person)
skidéntu (imperative plural third-person)
skéydonti (plural subjunctive third-person)
skidónts (indicative participle)
skidsó (imperative second-person singular)
skidtó (indicative singular third-person)
skidó (indicative singular third-person)
skéydetor (singular subjunctive third-person)
skidn̥tó (indicative plural third-person)
skidró (indicative plural third-person)
skéydontor (plural subjunctive third-person)

Proto-Germanic: *skītaną (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hásčaydt

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Háśćaydt

Sanskrit: छेद्म (chedma, 1.pl.inj), अच्छेदि (ácchedi), छेदि (chédi); (later) अच्छिदत् (acchidat), अच्छैत्सीत् (acchaitsīt)

Athematic root aorist of *skeyd- (“to split, to divide”).


skinédti

skinédmi (first-person indicative present singular)
skinédm̥ (first-person indicative past singular)
skinédsi (indicative present second-person singular)
skinéds (indicative past second-person singular)
skinéd (imperative second-person singular)
skinddʰí (imperative second-person singular)
skinédesi (second-person singular subjunctive)
skinédti (indicative present singular third-person)
skinédt (indicative past singular third-person)
skinédtu (imperative singular third-person)
skinédeti (singular subjunctive third-person)
skindwós (dual first-person indicative present)
skindwé (dual first-person indicative past)
skinédowos (dual first-person subjunctive)
skindtés (dual indicative present second-person)
skindtóm (dual indicative past second-person)
skindtóm (dual imperative second-person)
skinédetes (dual second-person subjunctive)
skindtés (dual indicative present third-person)
skindtā́m (dual indicative past third-person)
skindtā́m (dual imperative third-person)
skinédetes (dual subjunctive third-person)
skindmós (first-person indicative plural present)
skindmé (first-person indicative past plural)
skinédomos (first-person plural subjunctive)
skindté (indicative plural present second-person)
skindté (indicative past plural second-person)
skindté (imperative plural second-person)
skinédete (plural second-person subjunctive)
skindénti (indicative plural present third-person)
skindént (indicative past plural third-person)
skindéntu (imperative plural third-person)
skinédonti (plural subjunctive third-person)
skindónts (indicative participle present)
skindsó (imperative second-person singular)
skindtór (indicative present singular third-person)
skindór (indicative present singular third-person)
skindtó (indicative past singular third-person)
skindó (indicative past singular third-person)
skinédetor (singular subjunctive third-person)
skindn̥tór (indicative plural present third-person)
skindrór (indicative plural present third-person)
skindn̥tó (indicative past plural third-person)
skindró (indicative past plural third-person)
skinédontor (plural subjunctive third-person)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *śćinátˢti (see there for further descendants)

desctree

Proto-Italic: *skindō
Latin: scindō (see there for further descendants)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *sek-?
Proto-Indo-European *-éyti?
Proto-Indo-European *skey-
Proto-Indo-European *skeyd-
Proto-Indo-European *-né-
Proto-Indo-European *skinédti
From *skeyd- (“to split, divide”) + *-né- (nasal infix).


stéygʰeti

stéygʰom (first-person indicative past singular)
stéygʰesi (indicative present second-person singular)
stéygʰes (indicative past second-person singular)
stéygʰe (imperative second-person singular)
stéygʰēsi (second-person singular subjunctive)
stéygʰoys (optative second-person singular)
stéygʰeti (indicative present singular third-person)
stéygʰet (indicative past singular third-person)
stéygʰetu (imperative singular third-person)
stéygʰēti (singular subjunctive third-person)
stéygʰoyt (optative singular third-person)
stéygʰowos (dual first-person indicative present)
stéygʰowe (dual first-person indicative past)
stéygʰōwos (dual first-person subjunctive)
stéygʰoywe (dual first-person optative)
stéygʰetes (dual indicative present second-person)
stéygʰetom (dual indicative past second-person)
stéygʰetom (dual imperative second-person)
stéygʰētes (dual second-person subjunctive)
stéygʰoytom (dual optative second-person)
stéygʰetes (dual indicative present third-person)
stéygʰetām (dual indicative past third-person)
stéygʰetām (dual imperative third-person)
stéygʰētes (dual subjunctive third-person)
stéygʰoytām (dual optative third-person)
stéygʰomos (first-person indicative plural present)
stéygʰome (first-person indicative past plural)
stéygʰōmos (first-person plural subjunctive)
stéygʰoyme (first-person optative plural)
stéygʰete (indicative plural present second-person)
stéygʰete (indicative past plural second-person)
stéygʰete (imperative plural second-person)
stéygʰēte (plural second-person subjunctive)
stéygʰoyte (optative plural second-person)
stéygʰonti (indicative plural present third-person)
stéygʰont (indicative past plural third-person)
stéygʰontu (imperative plural third-person)
stéygʰōnti (plural subjunctive third-person)
stéygʰonts (indicative participle present)

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *stéigtei (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Celtic: *teigeti (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Germanic: *stīganą (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Hellenic: *stéikʰō (see there for further descendants)

Thematic root present of *steygʰ- (“to go; to climb”).


tonéyeti

tonéyom (first-person indicative past singular)
tonéyesi (indicative present second-person singular)
tonéyes (indicative past second-person singular)
tonéye (imperative second-person singular)
tonéyēsi (second-person singular subjunctive)
tonéyoys (optative second-person singular)
tonéyeti (indicative present singular third-person)
tonéyet (indicative past singular third-person)
tonéyetu (imperative singular third-person)
tonéyēti (singular subjunctive third-person)
tonéyoyt (optative singular third-person)
tonéyowos (dual first-person indicative present)
tonéyowe (dual first-person indicative past)
tonéyōwos (dual first-person subjunctive)
tonéyoywe (dual first-person optative)
tonéyetes (dual indicative present second-person)
tonéyetom (dual indicative past second-person)
tonéyetom (dual imperative second-person)
tonéyētes (dual second-person subjunctive)
tonéyoytom (dual optative second-person)
tonéyetes (dual indicative present third-person)
tonéyetām (dual indicative past third-person)
tonéyetām (dual imperative third-person)
tonéyētes (dual subjunctive third-person)
tonéyoytām (dual optative third-person)
tonéyomos (first-person indicative plural present)
tonéyome (first-person indicative past plural)
tonéyōmos (first-person plural subjunctive)
tonéyoyme (first-person optative plural)
tonéyete (indicative plural present second-person)
tonéyete (indicative past plural second-person)
tonéyete (imperative plural second-person)
tonéyēte (plural second-person subjunctive)
tonéyoyte (optative plural second-person)
tonéyonti (indicative plural present third-person)
tonéyont (indicative past plural third-person)
tonéyontu (imperative plural third-person)
tonéyōnti (plural subjunctive third-person)
tonéyonts (indicative participle present)
tonéyeso (imperative second-person singular)
tonéyetor (indicative present singular third-person)
tonéyeto (indicative past singular third-person)
tonéyētor (singular subjunctive third-person)
tonéyoyto (optative singular third-person)
tonéyontor (indicative plural present third-person)
tonéyonto (indicative past plural third-person)
tonéyōntor (plural subjunctive third-person)
tonéyoyro (optative plural third-person)
tonéyomnos (indicative participle present)

Proto-Germanic: *þanjaną (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tānáyati

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tānáyati

Sanskrit: तानयति (tānáyati)

Proto-Iranian: *tānáyati

Ossetian:

Digor: тонун (tonun)

Iron: то́нын (tónyn)

Wakhi: tыnak

From *ten- (“to stretch, extend”) + *-éyeti (causative verbal suffix).


wortéyeti

wortéyom (first-person indicative past singular)
wortéyesi (indicative present second-person singular)
wortéyes (indicative past second-person singular)
wortéye (imperative second-person singular)
wortéyēsi (second-person singular subjunctive)
wortéyoys (optative second-person singular)
wortéyeti (indicative present singular third-person)
wortéyet (indicative past singular third-person)
wortéyetu (imperative singular third-person)
wortéyēti (singular subjunctive third-person)
wortéyoyt (optative singular third-person)
wortéyowos (dual first-person indicative present)
wortéyowe (dual first-person indicative past)
wortéyōwos (dual first-person subjunctive)
wortéyoywe (dual first-person optative)
wortéyetes (dual indicative present second-person)
wortéyetom (dual indicative past second-person)
wortéyetom (dual imperative second-person)
wortéyētes (dual second-person subjunctive)
wortéyoytom (dual optative second-person)
wortéyetes (dual indicative present third-person)
wortéyetām (dual indicative past third-person)
wortéyetām (dual imperative third-person)
wortéyētes (dual subjunctive third-person)
wortéyoytām (dual optative third-person)
wortéyomos (first-person indicative plural present)
wortéyome (first-person indicative past plural)
wortéyōmos (first-person plural subjunctive)
wortéyoyme (first-person optative plural)
wortéyete (indicative plural present second-person)
wortéyete (indicative past plural second-person)
wortéyete (imperative plural second-person)
wortéyēte (plural second-person subjunctive)
wortéyoyte (optative plural second-person)
wortéyonti (indicative plural present third-person)
wortéyont (indicative past plural third-person)
wortéyontu (imperative plural third-person)
wortéyōnti (plural subjunctive third-person)
wortéyonts (indicative participle present)
wortéyeso (imperative second-person singular)
wortéyetor (indicative present singular third-person)
wortéyeto (indicative past singular third-person)
wortéyētor (singular subjunctive third-person)
wortéyoyto (optative singular third-person)
wortéyontor (indicative plural present third-person)
wortéyonto (indicative past plural third-person)
wortéyōntor (plural subjunctive third-person)
wortéyoyro (optative plural third-person)
wortéyomnos (indicative participle present)

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wártīˀtei (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Celtic: *wortīti

⇒ Old Irish: do·fortai (see there for further descendants)

⇒ Proto-Germanic: *frawardijaną (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wartáyati

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wartáyati

Sanskrit: वर्तयति (vartáyati)

Ashokan Prakrit:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Bengali: বাটা (baṭa)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀝𑁆𑀝𑁂𑀇 (vaṭṭei)

Marathi: वाटणे (vāṭṇe)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: વાટવું (vāṭvũ)

Latin: *opvortet

Latin: oporteō

From *wert- (“to turn, rotate”) + *-éyeti (causative verbal suffix).


woséyeti

woséyom (first-person indicative past singular)
woséyesi (indicative present second-person singular)
woséyes (indicative past second-person singular)
woséye (imperative second-person singular)
woséyēsi (second-person singular subjunctive)
woséyoys (optative second-person singular)
woséyeti (indicative present singular third-person)
woséyet (indicative past singular third-person)
woséyetu (imperative singular third-person)
woséyēti (singular subjunctive third-person)
woséyoyt (optative singular third-person)
woséyowos (dual first-person indicative present)
woséyowe (dual first-person indicative past)
woséyōwos (dual first-person subjunctive)
woséyoywe (dual first-person optative)
woséyetes (dual indicative present second-person)
woséyetom (dual indicative past second-person)
woséyetom (dual imperative second-person)
woséyētes (dual second-person subjunctive)
woséyoytom (dual optative second-person)
woséyetes (dual indicative present third-person)
woséyetām (dual indicative past third-person)
woséyetām (dual imperative third-person)
woséyētes (dual subjunctive third-person)
woséyoytām (dual optative third-person)
woséyomos (first-person indicative plural present)
woséyome (first-person indicative past plural)
woséyōmos (first-person plural subjunctive)
woséyoyme (first-person optative plural)
woséyete (indicative plural present second-person)
woséyete (indicative past plural second-person)
woséyete (imperative plural second-person)
woséyēte (plural second-person subjunctive)
woséyoyte (optative plural second-person)
woséyonti (indicative plural present third-person)
woséyont (indicative past plural third-person)
woséyontu (imperative plural third-person)
woséyōnti (plural subjunctive third-person)
woséyonts (indicative participle present)
woséyeso (imperative second-person singular)
woséyetor (indicative present singular third-person)
woséyeto (indicative past singular third-person)
woséyētor (singular subjunctive third-person)
woséyoyto (optative singular third-person)
woséyontor (indicative plural present third-person)
woséyonto (indicative past plural third-person)
woséyōntor (plural subjunctive third-person)
woséyoyro (optative plural third-person)
woséyomnos (indicative participle present)

>? Proto-Albanian: *wesja

Albanian: vesh

Anatolian:

desc

Hittite: 𒉿𒀸𒊺𒄑𒍣 (wa-aš-š-še-ez-zi /waššezzi/)

Proto-Germanic: *wazjaną (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wāsáyati

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wāsáyati

Sanskrit: वासयति (vāsáyati), वासयते (vāsáyate)

From *wes- (“to dress, clothe”) + *-éyeti (causative verbal suffix).


Proto-Balto-Slavic: *dṓˀtei (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Celtic: *didāti (see there for further descendants)

Hellenic:

Ancient Greek: δίδωμι (dídōmi) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dádaHti (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Italic: *didō (see there for further descendants)

Athematic e-reduplicated present of *deh₃- (“to give”).


déh₃m̥ (first-person indicative singular)
déh₃ (imperative second-person singular)
dh₃dʰí (imperative second-person singular)
dh₃h₂é (first-person indicative singular)
dh₃ó (indicative singular third-person)

Proto-Armenian:

Old Armenian: ետ (et) (3sg.aor. of տամ (tam))

Proto-Celtic: *dāti (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Hellenic:

q

Ancient Greek: ἔδομεν (édomen) (defective aorist of δίδωμι (dídōmi)), ἔδωκᾰ (édōkă) (extended with -k-))

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HádaHt

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HádaHt

Sanskrit: अदात् (ádāt)

Proto-Iranian: *HádaHt

Avestan: 𐬛𐬁𐬝 (dāt̰, 3sg.aor.act.inj.)

Proto-Italic: *dōai (possibly)

Venetic: 𐌃𐌏𐌕𐌏 (doto)

Athematic root aorist of *deh₃- (“to give”).


ḱléwt

ḱlḗm (first-person indicative singular)
ḱléws (indicative second-person singular)
ḱléw (imperative second-person singular)
ḱludʰí (imperative second-person singular)
ḱléwesi (second-person singular subjunctive)
ḱléwt (indicative singular third-person)
ḱléwtu (imperative singular third-person)
ḱléweti (singular subjunctive third-person)
ḱluwé (dual first-person indicative)
ḱléwowos (dual first-person subjunctive)
ḱlutóm (dual indicative second-person)
ḱlutóm (dual imperative second-person)
ḱléwetes (dual second-person subjunctive)
ḱlutā́m (dual indicative third-person)
ḱlutā́m (dual imperative third-person)
ḱléwetes (dual subjunctive third-person)
ḱlumé (first-person indicative plural)
ḱléwomos (first-person plural subjunctive)
ḱluté (indicative plural second-person)
ḱluté (imperative plural second-person)
ḱléwete (plural second-person subjunctive)
ḱl̥wént (indicative plural third-person)
ḱl̥wéntu (imperative plural third-person)
ḱléwonti (plural subjunctive third-person)
ḱl̥wónts (indicative participle)
ḱluh₂é (first-person indicative singular)
ḱl̥wih₁h₂é (first-person optative singular)
ḱlusó (imperative second-person singular)
ḱlutó (indicative singular third-person)
ḱl̥wó (indicative singular third-person)
ḱléwetor (singular subjunctive third-person)
ḱl̥wih₁ó (optative singular third-person)
ḱl̥wn̥tó (indicative plural third-person)
ḱluró (indicative plural third-person)
ḱléwontor (plural subjunctive third-person)

Armenian:

Old Armenian: լուաւ (luaw)

(perhaps) Balto-Slavic:

Proto-Slavic: *slùti (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Hellenic:

desc

Ancient Greek: κλῦτε (klûte, 2pl.aor.impv.)

⇒ Ancient Greek: ἔκλῠον (éklŭon, thematic aorist)

⇒ Ancient Greek: κλύω (klúō, present verb)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háćrawt

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Háśrawt

Sanskrit: अश्रोत् (áśrot)

Proto-Iranian: *cráwt

Avestan: 𐬯𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬙𐬏 (sraotū, 3sg.aor.act.impv.)

Athematic root aorist of *ḱlew- (“to hear”).

Helmut Rix
Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben
Rick Derksen


ḱl̥néwti

ḱl̥néwmi (first-person indicative present singular)
ḱl̥nḗm (first-person indicative past singular)
ḱl̥néwsi (indicative present second-person singular)
ḱl̥néws (indicative past second-person singular)
ḱl̥néw (imperative second-person singular)
ḱl̥nudʰí (imperative second-person singular)
ḱl̥néwesi (second-person singular subjunctive)
ḱl̥néwti (indicative present singular third-person)
ḱl̥néwt (indicative past singular third-person)
ḱl̥néwtu (imperative singular third-person)
ḱl̥néweti (singular subjunctive third-person)
ḱl̥nuwós (dual first-person indicative present)
ḱl̥nuwé (dual first-person indicative past)
ḱl̥néwowos (dual first-person subjunctive)
ḱl̥nutés (dual indicative present second-person)
ḱl̥nutóm (dual indicative past second-person)
ḱl̥nutóm (dual imperative second-person)
ḱl̥néwetes (dual second-person subjunctive)
ḱl̥nutés (dual indicative present third-person)
ḱl̥nutā́m (dual indicative past third-person)
ḱl̥nutā́m (dual imperative third-person)
ḱl̥néwetes (dual subjunctive third-person)
ḱl̥numós (first-person indicative plural present)
ḱl̥numé (first-person indicative past plural)
ḱl̥néwomos (first-person plural subjunctive)
ḱl̥nuté (indicative plural present second-person)
ḱl̥nuté (indicative past plural second-person)
ḱl̥nuté (imperative plural second-person)
ḱl̥néwete (plural second-person subjunctive)
ḱl̥nwénti (indicative plural present third-person)
ḱl̥nwént (indicative past plural third-person)
ḱl̥nwéntu (imperative plural third-person)
ḱl̥néwonti (plural subjunctive third-person)
ḱl̥nwónts (indicative participle present)
ḱl̥nuh₂é (first-person indicative past singular)
ḱl̥nusó (imperative second-person singular)
ḱl̥nutór (indicative present singular third-person)
ḱl̥nwór (indicative present singular third-person)
ḱl̥nutó (indicative past singular third-person)
ḱl̥nwó (indicative past singular third-person)
ḱl̥néwetor (singular subjunctive third-person)
ḱl̥nwn̥tór (indicative plural present third-person)
ḱl̥nurór (indicative plural present third-person)
ḱl̥nwn̥tó (indicative past plural third-person)
ḱl̥nuró (indicative past plural third-person)
ḱl̥néwontor (plural subjunctive third-person)

Proto-Celtic: *klinutor (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćr̥náwti (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Tocharian: *klän-

Tocharian A: käln-

Tocharian B: käln-

From *ḱlew- (“to hear”) + *-né- (nasal infix).

infix

Brill Publishers
Helmut Rix
Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben

hlunni

>? Proto-Germanic: *hlunniz; Proto-West Germanic


ḱeḱlówe

ḱeḱlów (imperative second-person singular)
ḱeḱludʰí (imperative second-person singular)
ḱeḱléwesi (second-person singular subjunctive)
ḱeḱlówe (indicative singular third-person)
ḱeḱlówtu (imperative singular third-person)
ḱeḱléweti (singular subjunctive third-person)
ḱeḱluwé (dual first-person indicative)
ḱeḱléwowos (dual first-person subjunctive)
ḱeḱlutóm (dual imperative second-person)
ḱeḱléwetes (dual second-person subjunctive)
ḱeḱlutā́m (dual imperative third-person)
ḱeḱléwetes (dual subjunctive third-person)
ḱeḱlumé (first-person indicative plural)
ḱeḱléwomos (first-person plural subjunctive)
ḱeḱl̥wé (indicative plural second-person)
ḱeḱluté (imperative plural second-person)
ḱeḱléwete (plural second-person subjunctive)
ḱeḱl̥wḗr (indicative plural third-person)
ḱeḱl̥wéntu (imperative plural third-person)
ḱeḱléwonti (plural subjunctive third-person)
ḱeḱluwṓs (indicative participle)

Celtic:

Proto-Brythonic: *kiglow (preterite of *klüwid)

Old Irish: ro·cúalae

Irish: chuala

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćućrā́wa

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śuśrā́wa

Sanskrit: शुश्राव (śuśrā́va)

Proto-Iranian: *cucrā́wa

Avestan: 𐬯𐬏𐬯𐬭𐬏𐬨𐬀 (sūsrūma, 1st pl.)

Reduplicated stative of the root *ḱlew- (“to hear”).


yunégti

yunégmi (first-person indicative present singular)
yunégm̥ (first-person indicative past singular)
yunégsi (indicative present second-person singular)
yunégs (indicative past second-person singular)
yunég (imperative second-person singular)
yungdʰí (imperative second-person singular)
yunégesi (second-person singular subjunctive)
yunégti (indicative present singular third-person)
yunégt (indicative past singular third-person)
yunégtu (imperative singular third-person)
yunégeti (singular subjunctive third-person)
yungwós (dual first-person indicative present)
yungwé (dual first-person indicative past)
yunégowos (dual first-person subjunctive)
yungtés (dual indicative present second-person)
yungtóm (dual indicative past second-person)
yungtóm (dual imperative second-person)
yunégetes (dual second-person subjunctive)
yungtés (dual indicative present third-person)
yungtā́m (dual indicative past third-person)
yungtā́m (dual imperative third-person)
yunégetes (dual subjunctive third-person)
yungmós (first-person indicative plural present)
yungmé (first-person indicative past plural)
yunégomos (first-person plural subjunctive)
yungté (indicative plural present second-person)
yungté (indicative past plural second-person)
yungté (imperative plural second-person)
yunégete (plural second-person subjunctive)
yungénti (indicative plural present third-person)
yungént (indicative past plural third-person)
yungéntu (imperative plural third-person)
yunégonti (plural subjunctive third-person)
yungónts (indicative participle present)
yungsó (imperative second-person singular)
yungtór (indicative present singular third-person)
yungór (indicative present singular third-person)
yungtó (indicative past singular third-person)
yungó (indicative past singular third-person)
yunégetor (singular subjunctive third-person)
yungn̥tór (indicative plural present third-person)
yungrór (indicative plural present third-person)
yungn̥tó (indicative past plural third-person)
yungró (indicative past plural third-person)
yunégontor (plural subjunctive third-person)

Balto-Slavic:

Latgalian: jiugt

Latvian: jûgt

Lithuanian: jùngti

Samogitian: jongtė

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *yunákti (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Italic: *jungō (see there for further descendants)

From *yewg- (“to join, tie together”) + *-né- (nasal infix).


h₂énh₁m̥ (first-person indicative past singular)
h₂n̥h₁yéh₁m̥ (first-person optative singular)
h₂énh₁ (imperative second-person singular)
h₂n̥h₁dʰí (imperative second-person singular)
h₂n̥h₁wé (dual first-person indicative past)
h₂n̥h₁tā́m (dual indicative past third-person)
h₂n̥h₁tā́m (dual imperative third-person)
h₂n̥h₁mé (first-person indicative past plural)
h₂n̥h₁té (indicative plural present second-person)
h₂n̥h₁té (indicative past plural second-person)
h₂n̥h₁té (imperative plural second-person)

Proto-Celtic: *anati (“to remain”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Germanic: *ananą (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HánHti

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HánHti

Sanskrit: अनिति (ániti)

⇒ Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wyaHnás (suffixed with *wi-)

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wyaHnás

desctree

Sanskrit: व्यान (vyāna)
→ Telugu: వ్యానము (vyānamu)

Proto-Iranian:

Central:

Avestan: 𐬬𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬥𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬁 (viiānaiiā)

Western:

Northwestern:

Kurdish:

Central Kurdish: گیان (gyan)

Northern Kurdish: giyan

Southern Kurdish: گیان (gyan)

Southwestern:

Old Persian:

Middle Persian:

desc

Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (gyān /HYA, yʾn'/)

Manichaean script: [Manichaean needed] (gyān /gyʾn/)

Athematic root present of *h₂enh₁- (“to breathe”).


h₃yébʰōh₂ (first-person singular subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *jebtei
Proto-Slavic: *jetì; *jebàti (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Hellenic: *oyépʰō

Ancient Greek: οἴφω (oíphō)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hyábʰati

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hyábʰati

Sanskrit: यभति (yábhati)
Dardic:
Kalasha: žạ́wik
Sauraseni Prakrit:
Punjabi: جَڈّھَنا (jaḍḍhanā) / ਜੱਢਣਾ (jaḍḍhaṇā)
Saraiki: یَہَݨ (yahaṇ), یَبَّھݨ (yabbahṇ)
Maharastri Prakrit:
Marathi: झवणे (jhavṇe)
Konkani: झव्चे (zhavce)

Thematic root present of *h₃yebʰ- (“to enter into, penetrate; to copulate”).


pérdetor

pérdeso (imperative second-person singular)
pérdetor (indicative present singular third-person)
pérdeto (indicative past singular third-person)
pérdētor (singular subjunctive third-person)
pérdoyto (optative singular third-person)
pérdontor (indicative plural present third-person)
pérdonto (indicative past plural third-person)
pérdōntor (plural subjunctive third-person)
pérdoyro (optative plural third-person)
pérdomnos (indicative participle present)

Proto-Albanian: *perda
Proto-Albanian: *pārdā
Albanian: pordhë
Albanian: pjerdh

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *perˀstei / *pirˀstei

Latvian: pir̂st

Lithuanian: pérsti

Proto-Germanic: *fertaną (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Hellenic: *pérdomai
Ancient Greek: πέρδομαι (pérdomai)
Greek: πέρδομαι (pérdomai)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *párdatay
Proto-Indo-Aryan: *párdatay
Sanskrit: पर्दते (párdate) (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Iranian: *párdatay
Avestan: 𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (pər^əδaⁱti)

Phrygian: περδομαι (perdomai)

Mediopassive root present of *perd- (“to fart”).


nā́m (first-person indicative past singular)
snā́m (first-person indicative past singular)
n̥h₂yéh₁m̥ (first-person optative singular)
néh₂ (imperative second-person singular)
n̥h₂dʰí (imperative second-person singular)
sn̥h₂dʰí (imperative second-person singular)
n̥h₂wé (dual first-person indicative past)
n̥h₂tā́m (dual indicative past third-person)
n̥h₂tā́m (dual imperative third-person)
n̥h₂mé (first-person indicative past plural)
n̥h₂té (indicative plural present second-person)
n̥h₂té (indicative past plural second-person)
n̥h₂té (imperative plural second-person)

Proto-Celtic: *snāti

Old Irish: snaïd, -sná

Hellenic: (by analogy with πλέω (pléō, “sail”))

Ancient Greek: νέω (néō, “swim”)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *snáHti

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *snáHti

Sanskrit: स्नाति (snā́ti) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Italic: *snāō

Athematic root present of *(s)neh₂- (“to swim; to float”).


gʷʰénti

gʷʰénmi (first-person indicative present singular)
gʷʰénm̥ (first-person indicative past singular)
gʷʰénoh₂ (first-person singular subjunctive)
gʷʰn̥yéh₁m̥ (first-person optative singular)
gʷʰénsi (indicative present second-person singular)
gʷʰéns (indicative past second-person singular)
gʷʰén (imperative second-person singular)
gʷʰn̥dʰí (imperative second-person singular)
gʷʰénesi (second-person singular subjunctive)
gʷʰn̥yéh₁s (optative second-person singular)
gʷʰénti (indicative present singular third-person)
gʷʰént (indicative past singular third-person)
gʷʰéntu (imperative singular third-person)
gʷʰéneti (singular subjunctive third-person)
gʷʰn̥yéh₁t (optative singular third-person)
gʷʰn̥wós (dual first-person indicative present)
gʷʰn̥wé (dual first-person indicative past)
gʷʰénowos (dual first-person subjunctive)
gʷʰn̥tés (dual indicative present second-person)
gʷʰn̥tóm (dual indicative past second-person)
gʷʰn̥tóm (dual imperative second-person)
gʷʰénetes (dual second-person subjunctive)
gʷʰn̥tés (dual indicative present third-person)
gʷʰn̥tā́m (dual indicative past third-person)
gʷʰn̥tā́m (dual imperative third-person)
gʷʰénetes (dual subjunctive third-person)
gʷʰn̥mós (first-person indicative plural present)
gʷʰn̥mé (first-person indicative past plural)
gʷʰénomos (first-person plural subjunctive)
gʷʰn̥té (indicative plural present second-person)
gʷʰn̥té (indicative past plural second-person)
gʷʰn̥té (imperative plural second-person)
gʷʰénete (plural second-person subjunctive)
gʷʰnénti (indicative plural present third-person)
gʷʰnént (indicative past plural third-person)
gʷʰnéntu (imperative plural third-person)
gʷʰénonti (plural subjunctive third-person)
gʷʰnónts (indicative participle present)
gʷʰn̥h₂ér (first-person indicative present singular)
gʷʰn̥h₂é (first-person indicative past singular)
gʷʰnih₁h₂é (first-person optative singular)
gʷʰn̥th₂ér (indicative present second-person singular)
gʷʰn̥th₂é (indicative past second-person singular)
gʷʰn̥só (imperative second-person singular)
gʷʰn̥tór (indicative present singular third-person)
gʷʰnór (indicative present singular third-person)
gʷʰn̥tó (indicative past singular third-person)
gʷʰnó (indicative past singular third-person)
gʷʰénetor (singular subjunctive third-person)
gʷʰnih₁ó (optative singular third-person)
gʷʰn̥wósdʰh₂ (dual first-person indicative present)
gʷʰn̥wédʰh₂ (dual first-person indicative past)
gʷʰn̥mósdʰh₂ (first-person indicative plural present)
gʷʰn̥médʰh₂ (first-person indicative past plural)
gʷʰn̥dʰh₂wé (indicative plural present second-person)
gʷʰn̥dʰh₂wé (indicative past plural second-person)
gʷʰn̥dʰh₂wé (imperative plural second-person)
gʷʰnn̥tór (indicative plural present third-person)
gʷʰn̥rór (indicative plural present third-person)
gʷʰnn̥tó (indicative past plural third-person)
gʷʰn̥ró (indicative past plural third-person)
gʷʰénontor (plural subjunctive third-person)

Proto-Anatolian: *gʷénti

desc

Hittite: 𒆪𒂗𒍣 (ku-en-zi /kuenzi/, “to strike”)

Lycian: 𐊌𐊙𐊑𐊗𐊆 (qãñti, 3pl.pres.act.)

Armenian:

Old Armenian: ջնեմ (ǰnem)

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gúntei (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Celtic: *gʷaneti (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰʰánti (see there for further descendants)

Athematic root present of *gʷʰen- (“to strike, slay, kill”).


kʷrinā́m (first-person indicative past singular)

Proto-Balto-Slavic:

Proto-Slavic: *krьnǫti (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Celtic: *kʷrinati (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *krináHti

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *krináHti

desctree

Sanskrit: क्रीणाति (krīṇā́ti)
Assamese: কিন (kin)
Bengali: কিনা (kina), কেনা (kena)
Hindi: कीनना (kīnnā)
Magahi: 𑂍𑂱𑂢𑂪 (kinal)
Nepali: किन्नु (kinnu)
Phalura: krína
Romani: kinel

Proto-Iranian: *xrináHti

Khotanese: ggän-

Middle Persian:

Manichaean: 𐫟𐫡𐫏𐫗𐫏𐫅 (xrynyd)

Book Pahlavi: [script needed] (ZḆNN-tn' /xrīdan/)

Sogdian:

Buddhist: [script needed] (xr’yn)

Sogdian: [script needed] (xr’yn)

From *kʷreyh₂- (“to buy”) + *-né- (nasal infix).


Proto-Celtic: *linati (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Hellenic: *alínō

Ancient Greek: ἀλίνω (alínō)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HlináHti

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HlináHti

desc

Sanskrit: लिनाति (lināti, “sticks, stays, adheres; slips (into), disappears”)

Proto-Italic: *linō (see there for further descendants)

From *h₂leyH- (“to smear”) + *-né- (nasal infix).


h₁ḗm (first-person indicative past singular)
h₁éy (imperative second-person singular)
h₁idʰí (imperative second-person singular)

⇒ Proto-Albanian: *ai-tat-ja

Albanian: heci, eci — Tosk, ecëj

Proto-Anatolian:

Hittite: 𒄿𒀉 (i-it, 2sg.imp.act.)

Luwian: 𒄿𒋾 (i-ti /iti, idi/)

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *eitei (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Hellenic: *éimi (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háyti (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Italic: *eō (see there for further descendants)

Athematic root present of *h₁ey- (“to go”).


h₃réǵoh₂ (first-person indicative present singular)
h₃réǵōh₂ (first-person singular subjunctive)
h₃réǵe (imperative second-person singular)
h₃réǵēsi (second-person singular subjunctive)
h₃réǵēti (singular subjunctive third-person)
h₃réǵēte (plural second-person subjunctive)
h₃réǵōh₂er (first-person singular subjunctive)
h₃réǵēdʰh₂we (plural second-person subjunctive)

Proto-Celtic: *regeti (see there for further descendants)

desc

Proto-Germanic: *rekaną (“rake up, pile up, heap up”) (see there for further descendants)

Hellenic:

Ancient Greek: ὀρέγω (orégō)

Italic:

Latin: regō

Thematic root present of *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten; to righten”).

to be straightening, to be setting upright


(me)mógʰe

mógʰe (canonical)
m̥gʰyéh₁m̥ (first-person optative singular)
móg (imperative second-person singular)
memóg (imperative second-person singular)
m̥gʰdʰí (imperative second-person singular)
mem̥gʰdʰí (imperative second-person singular)
mégʰesi (second-person singular subjunctive)
memégʰesi (second-person singular subjunctive)
mógʰe (indicative singular third-person)
memógʰe (indicative singular third-person)
mógʰtu (imperative singular third-person)
memógʰtu (imperative singular third-person)
mégʰeti (singular subjunctive third-person)
memégʰeti (singular subjunctive third-person)
m̥gʰwé (dual first-person indicative)
mem̥gʰwé (dual first-person indicative)
mégʰowos (dual first-person subjunctive)
memégʰowos (dual first-person subjunctive)
m̥gʰtóm (dual imperative second-person)
mem̥gʰtóm (dual imperative second-person)
mégʰetes (dual second-person subjunctive)
memégʰetes (dual second-person subjunctive)
m̥gʰtā́m (dual imperative third-person)
mem̥gʰtā́m (dual imperative third-person)
mégʰetes (dual subjunctive third-person)
memégʰetes (dual subjunctive third-person)
m̥gʰmé (first-person indicative plural)
mem̥gʰmé (first-person indicative plural)
mégʰomos (first-person plural subjunctive)
memégʰomos (first-person plural subjunctive)
m̥gʰé (indicative plural second-person)
mem̥gʰé (indicative plural second-person)
m̥gʰté (imperative plural second-person)
mem̥gʰté (imperative plural second-person)
mégʰete (plural second-person subjunctive)
memégʰete (plural second-person subjunctive)
m̥gʰḗr (indicative plural third-person)
mem̥gʰḗr (indicative plural third-person)
m̥gʰéntu (imperative plural third-person)
mem̥gʰéntu (imperative plural third-person)
mégʰonti (plural subjunctive third-person)
memégʰonti (plural subjunctive third-person)
m̥gʰwṓs (indicative participle)
mem̥gʰwṓs (indicative participle)

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *mag-

Lithuanian: magė́ti

Old Prussian: massi

Proto-Slavic: *moťi (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Germanic: *maganą (see there for further descendants)

Root or reduplicated root perfect of *megʰ- (“to be able”).


tetóne

tetón (imperative second-person singular)
tetn̥dʰí (imperative second-person singular)
teténesi (second-person singular subjunctive)
tetóne (indicative singular third-person)
tetóntu (imperative singular third-person)
teténeti (singular subjunctive third-person)
tetn̥wé (dual first-person indicative)
teténowos (dual first-person subjunctive)
tetn̥tóm (dual imperative second-person)
teténetes (dual second-person subjunctive)
tetn̥tā́m (dual imperative third-person)
teténetes (dual subjunctive third-person)
tetn̥mé (first-person indicative plural)
teténomos (first-person plural subjunctive)
tetné (indicative plural second-person)
tetn̥té (imperative plural second-person)
teténete (plural second-person subjunctive)
tetnḗr (indicative plural third-person)
tetnéntu (imperative plural third-person)
teténonti (plural subjunctive third-person)
tetn̥wṓs (indicative participle)

Proto-Hellenic: *tétəmai

Ancient Greek: τέταμαι (tétamai) (or later formation)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tatā́na

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tatā́na

Sanskrit: ततान (tatā́na)

Proto-Italic: *tetonai

Old Latin: tetinī

Reduplicated stative of the root *ten- (“to stretch, extend”).


desctree

Balto-Slavic: *stā́ˀtei
Latvian: stât
Lithuanian: stóti
Proto-Slavic: *stàti (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Celtic: *(ad-)tāyeti

Brythonic:

Old Breton: to

Old Cornish: atta, otte

Old Welsh: tau

Welsh: taw

Old Irish: at·tá, ad·tá, a·tá, at·táa, a·táa
Middle Irish: at·tá
Classical Gaelic: a-tá
Irish: tá
Manx: ta
Scottish Gaelic: tha

Proto-Germanic: *stāną (see there for further descendants)

Brill Publishers
Helmut Rix
Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben
Rick Derksen


Proto-Balto-Slavic:

Proto-Slavic: *stajiti

desc

⇒ Proto-Slavic: *stajati (“to reside, to occupy a place”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Germanic: *stōjaną (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Indo-Iranian:

Proto-Indo-Aryan:

Sanskrit: स्थायति (sthāyati)

Proto-Iranian:

Avestan: -𐬯𐬙𐬁𐬌𐬌𐬁 (-stāiiā)

Old Persian: 𐎠𐎿𐎫𐎹𐎶 (-astāyam)

From *steh₂- (“to stand”) + *-éyeti (causative verbal suffix).


srobʰéyeti

Helmut Rix
Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben
Vladimir Orel

srobʰéyom (first-person indicative past singular)
srobʰéyesi (indicative present second-person singular)
srobʰéyes (indicative past second-person singular)
srobʰéye (imperative second-person singular)
srobʰéyēsi (second-person singular subjunctive)
srobʰéyoys (optative second-person singular)
srobʰéyeti (indicative present singular third-person)
srobʰéyet (indicative past singular third-person)
srobʰéyetu (imperative singular third-person)
srobʰéyēti (singular subjunctive third-person)
srobʰéyoyt (optative singular third-person)
srobʰéyowos (dual first-person indicative present)
srobʰéyowe (dual first-person indicative past)
srobʰéyōwos (dual first-person subjunctive)
srobʰéyoywe (dual first-person optative)
srobʰéyetes (dual indicative present second-person)
srobʰéyetom (dual indicative past second-person)
srobʰéyetom (dual imperative second-person)
srobʰéyētes (dual second-person subjunctive)
srobʰéyoytom (dual optative second-person)
srobʰéyetes (dual indicative present third-person)
srobʰéyetām (dual indicative past third-person)
srobʰéyetām (dual imperative third-person)
srobʰéyētes (dual subjunctive third-person)
srobʰéyoytām (dual optative third-person)
srobʰéyomos (first-person indicative plural present)
srobʰéyome (first-person indicative past plural)
srobʰéyōmos (first-person plural subjunctive)
srobʰéyoyme (first-person optative plural)
srobʰéyete (indicative plural present second-person)
srobʰéyete (indicative past plural second-person)
srobʰéyete (imperative plural second-person)
srobʰéyēte (plural second-person subjunctive)
srobʰéyoyte (optative plural second-person)
srobʰéyonti (indicative plural present third-person)
srobʰéyont (indicative past plural third-person)
srobʰéyontu (imperative plural third-person)
srobʰéyōnti (plural subjunctive third-person)
srobʰéyonts (indicative participle present)
srobʰéyeso (imperative second-person singular)
srobʰéyetor (indicative present singular third-person)
srobʰéyeto (indicative past singular third-person)
srobʰéyētor (singular subjunctive third-person)
srobʰéyoyto (optative singular third-person)
srobʰéyontor (indicative plural present third-person)
srobʰéyonto (indicative past plural third-person)
srobʰéyōntor (plural subjunctive third-person)
srobʰéyoyro (optative plural third-person)
srobʰéyomnos (indicative participle present)

Proto-Albanian: *serba (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Hellenic: *hropʰéyō (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Italic: *sorβeō (see there for further descendants)

From *srebʰ- (“to sip, gulp, suck in”) + *-éyeti (causative verbal suffix).


tḱéyti

tḱéymi (first-person indicative present singular)
tḱḗm (first-person indicative past singular)
tḱéysi (indicative present second-person singular)
tḱéys (indicative past second-person singular)
tḱéy (imperative second-person singular)
tḱidʰí (imperative second-person singular)
tḱéyesi (second-person singular subjunctive)
tḱéyti (indicative present singular third-person)
tḱéyt (indicative past singular third-person)
tḱéytu (imperative singular third-person)
tḱéyeti (singular subjunctive third-person)
tḱiwós (dual first-person indicative present)
tḱiwé (dual first-person indicative past)
tḱéyowos (dual first-person subjunctive)
tḱités (dual indicative present second-person)
tḱitóm (dual indicative past second-person)
tḱitóm (dual imperative second-person)
tḱéyetes (dual second-person subjunctive)
tḱités (dual indicative present third-person)
tḱitā́m (dual indicative past third-person)
tḱitā́m (dual imperative third-person)
tḱéyetes (dual subjunctive third-person)
tḱimós (first-person indicative plural present)
tḱimé (first-person indicative past plural)
tḱéyomos (first-person plural subjunctive)
tḱité (indicative plural present second-person)
tḱité (indicative past plural second-person)
tḱité (imperative plural second-person)
tḱéyete (plural second-person subjunctive)
tḱyénti (indicative plural present third-person)
tḱyént (indicative past plural third-person)
tḱyéntu (imperative plural third-person)
tḱéyonti (plural subjunctive third-person)
tḱyónts (indicative participle present)
tḱih₂é (first-person indicative past singular)
tḱisó (imperative second-person singular)
tḱitór (indicative present singular third-person)
tḱyór (indicative present singular third-person)
tḱitó (indicative past singular third-person)
tḱyó (indicative past singular third-person)
tḱéyetor (singular subjunctive third-person)
tḱyn̥tór (indicative plural present third-person)
tḱirór (indicative plural present third-person)
tḱyn̥tó (indicative past plural third-person)
tḱiró (indicative past plural third-person)
tḱéyontor (plural subjunctive third-person)

Proto-Hellenic: *ktéimi

desc

Mycenaean Greek: 𐀑𐀴𐀋𐀯 (ki-ti-je-si, /ktijensi/)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćšáyti (see there for further descendants)

Athematic root present of *tḱey- (“to cultivate; to settle; to live”).


sékʷetor

sékʷeso (imperative second-person singular)
sékʷetor (indicative present singular third-person)
sékʷeto (indicative past singular third-person)
sékʷētor (singular subjunctive third-person)
sékʷoyto (optative singular third-person)
sékʷontor (indicative plural present third-person)
sékʷonto (indicative past plural third-person)
sékʷōntor (plural subjunctive third-person)
sékʷoyro (optative plural third-person)
sékʷomnos (indicative participle present)

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *sektei

Latvian: sekot, sekt (dated)

Lithuanian: sèkti

Proto-Celtic: *sekʷetor (see there for further descendants)

desctree

Proto-Hellenic: *hékʷomai
Ancient Greek: ἕπομαι (hépomai)
Mycenaean Greek: 𐀁𐀤𐀯𐀍 (e-qe-si-jo /hekʷesios/)
⇒ Proto-Hellenic: *hekʷétās
Ancient Greek: ἑπέτης (hepétēs)
Doric Greek: ἑπέτᾱς (hepétās)
Mycenaean Greek: 𐀁𐀤𐀲 (e-qe-ta /hekʷétās/)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *sáčatay (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Italic: *sekʷōr
Latin: sequor (see there for further descendants)

Thematic mediopassive root present of *sekʷ- (“follow”).


pékʷeti

pékʷom (first-person indicative past singular)
pékʷōh₂ (first-person singular subjunctive)
pékʷesi (indicative present second-person singular)
pékʷes (indicative past second-person singular)
pékʷe (imperative second-person singular)
pékʷēsi (second-person singular subjunctive)
pékʷoys (optative second-person singular)
pékʷeti (indicative present singular third-person)
pékʷet (indicative past singular third-person)
pékʷetu (imperative singular third-person)
pékʷēti (singular subjunctive third-person)
pékʷoyt (optative singular third-person)
pékʷowos (dual first-person indicative present)
pékʷowe (dual first-person indicative past)
pékʷōwos (dual first-person subjunctive)
pékʷoywe (dual first-person optative)
pékʷetes (dual indicative present second-person)
pékʷetom (dual indicative past second-person)
pékʷetom (dual imperative second-person)
pékʷētes (dual second-person subjunctive)
pékʷoytom (dual optative second-person)
pékʷetes (dual indicative present third-person)
pékʷetām (dual indicative past third-person)
pékʷetām (dual imperative third-person)
pékʷētes (dual subjunctive third-person)
pékʷoytām (dual optative third-person)
pékʷomos (first-person indicative plural present)
pékʷome (first-person indicative past plural)
pékʷōmos (first-person plural subjunctive)
pékʷoyme (first-person optative plural)
pékʷete (indicative plural present second-person)
pékʷete (indicative past plural second-person)
pékʷete (imperative plural second-person)
pékʷēte (plural second-person subjunctive)
pékʷoyte (optative plural second-person)
pékʷonti (indicative plural present third-person)
pékʷont (indicative past plural third-person)
pékʷontu (imperative plural third-person)
pékʷōnti (plural subjunctive third-person)
pékʷonts (indicative participle present)
pékʷeso (imperative second-person singular)
pékʷetor (indicative present singular third-person)
pékʷeto (indicative past singular third-person)
pékʷētor (singular subjunctive third-person)
pékʷoyto (optative singular third-person)
pékʷontor (indicative plural present third-person)
pékʷonto (indicative past plural third-person)
pékʷōntor (plural subjunctive third-person)
pékʷoyro (optative plural third-person)
pékʷomnos (indicative participle present)

Brill Publishers
Rick Derksen
Vladimir Orel

Proto-Albanian: *peka

Albanian: pjek

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *péktei (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Celtic: *kʷokʷeti

Proto-Brythonic: *pobɨd (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Hellenic: *péponts (present participle)

Ancient Greek: πέπων (pépōn) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *páčati (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Italic: *kʷekʷō (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Tocharian: *päk-

Tocharian A: päk-

Tocharian B: päk-

Thematic root present of *pekʷ- (“to cook; to ripen”).


léyǵʰti

léyǵʰmi (first-person indicative present singular)
léyǵʰm̥ (first-person indicative past singular)
léyǵʰoh₂ (first-person singular subjunctive)
liǵʰyéh₁m̥ (first-person optative singular)
léyǵʰsi (indicative present second-person singular)
léyǵʰs (indicative past second-person singular)
léyǵ (imperative second-person singular)
liǵʰdʰí (imperative second-person singular)
léyǵʰesi (second-person singular subjunctive)
léyǵʰti (indicative present singular third-person)
léyǵʰt (indicative past singular third-person)
léyǵʰtu (imperative singular third-person)
léyǵʰeti (singular subjunctive third-person)
liǵʰwós (dual first-person indicative present)
liǵʰwé (dual first-person indicative past)
léyǵʰowos (dual first-person subjunctive)
liǵʰtés (dual indicative present second-person)
liǵʰtóm (dual indicative past second-person)
liǵʰtóm (dual imperative second-person)
léyǵʰetes (dual second-person subjunctive)
liǵʰtés (dual indicative present third-person)
liǵʰtā́m (dual indicative past third-person)
liǵʰtā́m (dual imperative third-person)
léyǵʰetes (dual subjunctive third-person)
liǵʰmós (first-person indicative plural present)
liǵʰmé (first-person indicative past plural)
léyǵʰomos (first-person plural subjunctive)
liǵʰté (indicative plural present second-person)
liǵʰté (indicative past plural second-person)
liǵʰté (imperative plural second-person)
léyǵʰete (plural second-person subjunctive)
liǵʰénti (indicative plural present third-person)
liǵʰént (indicative past plural third-person)
liǵʰéntu (imperative plural third-person)
léyǵʰonti (plural subjunctive third-person)
liǵʰónts (indicative participle present)
liǵʰh₂ér (first-person indicative present singular)
liǵʰh₂é (first-person indicative past singular)
liǵʰih₁h₂é (first-person optative singular)
liǵʰth₂é (indicative past second-person singular)
liǵʰsó (imperative second-person singular)
liǵʰtór (indicative present singular third-person)
liǵʰór (indicative present singular third-person)
liǵʰtó (indicative past singular third-person)
liǵʰó (indicative past singular third-person)
léyǵʰetor (singular subjunctive third-person)
liǵʰih₁ó (optative singular third-person)
liǵʰwédʰh₂ (dual first-person indicative past)
liǵʰmédʰh₂ (first-person indicative past plural)
liǵʰdʰh₂wé (indicative plural present second-person)
liǵʰdʰh₂wé (indicative past plural second-person)
liǵʰdʰh₂wé (imperative plural second-person)
liǵʰn̥tór (indicative plural present third-person)
liǵʰrór (indicative plural present third-person)
liǵʰn̥tó (indicative past plural third-person)
liǵʰró (indicative past plural third-person)
léyǵʰontor (plural subjunctive third-person)

Armenian:

Old Armenian: լիզեմ (lizem), լիզանեմ (lizanem), լիզում (lizum), լեզում (lezum)
Armenian: լիզել (lizel)
→? Georgian: ლეზვი (lezvi)

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *léiźtei
Lithuanian: liẽžti
Proto-Slavic: *līzàti (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Celtic: *ligeti (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Hellenic: *léikʰō

Ancient Greek: λείχω (leíkhō)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *láyždʰi, *ráyždʰi ~ *liȷ́ʰánti, *riȷ́ʰánti

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *láyẓḍʰi, *ráyẓḍʰi ~ *liźʰánti, *riźʰánti

desc

Sanskrit: रेढि (réḍhi), रेळ्हि (réḷhi), लेढि (léḍhi)

Athematic root present of *leyǵʰ- (“to lick”).


bʰuHyéti

bʰuHyóm (first-person indicative past singular)
bʰuHyési (indicative present second-person singular)
bʰuHyés (indicative past second-person singular)
bʰuHyé (imperative second-person singular)
bʰuHyḗsi (second-person singular subjunctive)
bʰuHyóys (optative second-person singular)
bʰuHyéti (indicative present singular third-person)
bʰuHyét (indicative past singular third-person)
bʰuHyétu (imperative singular third-person)
bʰuHyḗti (singular subjunctive third-person)
bʰuHyóyt (optative singular third-person)
bʰuHyówos (dual first-person indicative present)
bʰuHyówe (dual first-person indicative past)
bʰuHyṓwos (dual first-person subjunctive)
bʰuHyóywe (dual first-person optative)
bʰuHyétes (dual indicative present second-person)
bʰuHyétom (dual indicative past second-person)
bʰuHyétom (dual imperative second-person)
bʰuHyḗtes (dual second-person subjunctive)
bʰuHyóytom (dual optative second-person)
bʰuHyétes (dual indicative present third-person)
bʰuHyétām (dual indicative past third-person)
bʰuHyétām (dual imperative third-person)
bʰuHyḗtes (dual subjunctive third-person)
bʰuHyóytām (dual optative third-person)
bʰuHyómos (first-person indicative plural present)
bʰuHyóme (first-person indicative past plural)
bʰuHyṓmos (first-person plural subjunctive)
bʰuHyóyme (first-person optative plural)
bʰuHyéte (indicative plural present second-person)
bʰuHyéte (indicative past plural second-person)
bʰuHyéte (imperative plural second-person)
bʰuHyḗte (plural second-person subjunctive)
bʰuHyóyte (optative plural second-person)
bʰuHyónti (indicative plural present third-person)
bʰuHyónt (indicative past plural third-person)
bʰuHyóntu (imperative plural third-person)
bʰuHyṓnti (plural subjunctive third-person)
bʰuHyónts (indicative participle present)
bʰuHyéso (imperative second-person singular)
bʰuHyétor (indicative present singular third-person)
bʰuHyéto (indicative past singular third-person)
bʰuHyḗtor (singular subjunctive third-person)
bʰuHyóyto (optative singular third-person)
bʰuHyóntor (indicative plural present third-person)
bʰuHyónto (indicative past plural third-person)
bʰuHyṓntor (plural subjunctive third-person)
bʰuHyóyro (optative plural third-person)
bʰuHyómnos (indicative participle present)

Proto-Celtic: *bwiyeti (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Germanic: *būaną (possibly) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Hellenic: *pʰúyō

Ancient Greek: φυίω (phuíō), φύω (phúō)

Proto-Italic: *fuiō

Latin: fīō

From *bʰuH- (“to be, become, grow, appear”) + *-yéti.

suffix

to be becoming, to be growing, to be appearing


torséyeti

torséyom (first-person indicative past singular)
torséyesi (indicative present second-person singular)
torséyes (indicative past second-person singular)
torséye (imperative second-person singular)
torséyēsi (second-person singular subjunctive)
torséyoys (optative second-person singular)
torséyeti (indicative present singular third-person)
torséyet (indicative past singular third-person)
torséyetu (imperative singular third-person)
torséyēti (singular subjunctive third-person)
torséyoyt (optative singular third-person)
torséyowos (dual first-person indicative present)
torséyowe (dual first-person indicative past)
torséyōwos (dual first-person subjunctive)
torséyoywe (dual first-person optative)
torséyetes (dual indicative present second-person)
torséyetom (dual indicative past second-person)
torséyetom (dual imperative second-person)
torséyētes (dual second-person subjunctive)
torséyoytom (dual optative second-person)
torséyetes (dual indicative present third-person)
torséyetām (dual indicative past third-person)
torséyetām (dual imperative third-person)
torséyētes (dual subjunctive third-person)
torséyoytām (dual optative third-person)
torséyomos (first-person indicative plural present)
torséyome (first-person indicative past plural)
torséyōmos (first-person plural subjunctive)
torséyoyme (first-person optative plural)
torséyete (indicative plural present second-person)
torséyete (indicative past plural second-person)
torséyete (imperative plural second-person)
torséyēte (plural second-person subjunctive)
torséyoyte (optative plural second-person)
torséyonti (indicative plural present third-person)
torséyont (indicative past plural third-person)
torséyontu (imperative plural third-person)
torséyōnti (plural subjunctive third-person)
torséyonts (indicative participle present)
torséyeso (imperative second-person singular)
torséyetor (indicative present singular third-person)
torséyeto (indicative past singular third-person)
torséyētor (singular subjunctive third-person)
torséyoyto (optative singular third-person)
torséyontor (indicative plural present third-person)
torséyonto (indicative past plural third-person)
torséyōntor (plural subjunctive third-person)
torséyoyro (optative plural third-person)
torséyomnos (indicative participle present)

Proto-Anatolian:

Hittite: [script needed] (tars-ʰʰⁱ)

Proto-Albanian: *torseje

Albanian: ter

desctree

Proto-Germanic: *þarzijaną
Proto-West Germanic: *þarʀijan
Old High German: derren
Middle High German: derren
Cimbrian: dèrran
German: dörren
→ Old French: tarir
French: tarir
Old Norse: þerra
Icelandic: þerra
Norwegian: terra, terre

Proto-Indo-Iranian:

Proto-Indo-Aryan:

Sanskrit: वितर्षयति (vitarṣáyati)

Proto-Italic: *torzeō
Latin: torreō (see there for further descendants)

From *ters- (“dry”) + *-éyeti (causative verbal suffix).


ǵnéh₃t

ǵnéh₃m̥ (first-person indicative singular)
ǵnéh₃oh₂ (first-person singular subjunctive)
ǵn̥h₃yéh₁m̥ (first-person optative singular)
ǵnéh₃s (indicative second-person singular)
ǵnéh₃ (imperative second-person singular)
ǵn̥h₃dʰí (imperative second-person singular)
ǵn̥h₃yéh₁s (optative second-person singular)
ǵnéh₃t (indicative singular third-person)
ǵn̥h₃yéh₁t (optative singular third-person)
ǵn̥h₃wé (dual first-person indicative)
ǵn̥h₃ih₁wé (dual first-person optative)
ǵn̥h₃tóm (dual indicative second-person)
ǵn̥h₃tóm (dual imperative second-person)
ǵn̥h₃tā́m (dual indicative third-person)
ǵn̥h₃tā́m (dual imperative third-person)
ǵn̥h₃ih₁tā́m (dual optative third-person)
ǵn̥h₃mé (first-person indicative plural)
ǵn̥h₃ih₁mé (first-person optative plural)
ǵn̥h₃té (indicative plural second-person)
ǵn̥h₃té (imperative plural second-person)
ǵn̥h₃ih₁té (optative plural second-person)
ǵn̥h₃ént (indicative plural third-person)

Proto-Hellenic:

Ancient Greek: ἔγνων (égnōn)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háȷ́naHt

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Háȷ́naHt

Sanskrit: अज्ञात् (ájñāt)

Proto-Tocharian: *knā-

Tocharian A: kñā-

Athematic root aorist of *ǵneh₃- (“to recognise, to know”).


bʰéwdʰeti

bʰéwdʰom (first-person indicative past singular)
bʰéwdʰōh₂ (first-person singular subjunctive)
bʰéwdʰesi (indicative present second-person singular)
bʰéwdʰes (indicative past second-person singular)
bʰéwdʰe (imperative second-person singular)
bʰéwdʰēsi (second-person singular subjunctive)
bʰéwdʰoys (optative second-person singular)
bʰéwdʰeti (indicative present singular third-person)
bʰéwdʰet (indicative past singular third-person)
bʰéwdʰetu (imperative singular third-person)
bʰéwdʰēti (singular subjunctive third-person)
bʰéwdʰoyt (optative singular third-person)
bʰéwdʰowos (dual first-person indicative present)
bʰéwdʰowe (dual first-person indicative past)
bʰéwdʰōwos (dual first-person subjunctive)
bʰéwdʰoywe (dual first-person optative)
bʰéwdʰetes (dual indicative present second-person)
bʰéwdʰetom (dual indicative past second-person)
bʰéwdʰetom (dual imperative second-person)
bʰéwdʰētes (dual second-person subjunctive)
bʰéwdʰoytom (dual optative second-person)
bʰéwdʰetes (dual indicative present third-person)
bʰéwdʰetām (dual indicative past third-person)
bʰéwdʰetām (dual imperative third-person)
bʰéwdʰētes (dual subjunctive third-person)
bʰéwdʰoytām (dual optative third-person)
bʰéwdʰomos (first-person indicative plural present)
bʰéwdʰome (first-person indicative past plural)
bʰéwdʰōmos (first-person plural subjunctive)
bʰéwdʰoyme (first-person optative plural)
bʰéwdʰete (indicative plural present second-person)
bʰéwdʰete (indicative past plural second-person)
bʰéwdʰete (imperative plural second-person)
bʰéwdʰēte (plural second-person subjunctive)
bʰéwdʰoyte (optative plural second-person)
bʰéwdʰonti (indicative plural present third-person)
bʰéwdʰont (indicative past plural third-person)
bʰéwdʰontu (imperative plural third-person)
bʰéwdʰōnti (plural subjunctive third-person)
bʰéwdʰonts (indicative participle present)
bʰéwdʰeso (imperative second-person singular)
bʰéwdʰetor (indicative present singular third-person)
bʰéwdʰeto (indicative past singular third-person)
bʰéwdʰētor (singular subjunctive third-person)
bʰéwdʰoyto (optative singular third-person)
bʰéwdʰontor (indicative plural present third-person)
bʰéwdʰonto (indicative past plural third-person)
bʰéwdʰōntor (plural subjunctive third-person)
bʰéwdʰoyro (optative plural third-person)
bʰéwdʰomnos (indicative participle present)

desctree

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *bjaustei
Proto-Slavic: *bľustì (see there for further descendants)

desc

Proto-Germanic: *beudaną (“to offer, to bid”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Hellenic: *pʰéutʰomai

Ancient Greek: πεύθομαι (peúthomai)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰáwdʰati (see there for further descendants)

Thematic root present of *bʰewdʰ- (“to be awake, aware”).


bʰebʰówdʰe

bʰebʰówd (imperative second-person singular)
bʰebʰudʰdʰí (imperative second-person singular)
bʰebʰéwdʰesi (second-person singular subjunctive)
bʰebʰówdʰe (indicative singular third-person)
bʰebʰówdʰtu (imperative singular third-person)
bʰebʰéwdʰeti (singular subjunctive third-person)
bʰebʰudʰwé (dual first-person indicative)
bʰebʰéwdʰowos (dual first-person subjunctive)
bʰebʰudʰtóm (dual imperative second-person)
bʰebʰéwdʰetes (dual second-person subjunctive)
bʰebʰudʰtā́m (dual imperative third-person)
bʰebʰéwdʰetes (dual subjunctive third-person)
bʰebʰudʰmé (first-person indicative plural)
bʰebʰéwdʰomos (first-person plural subjunctive)
bʰebʰudʰé (indicative plural second-person)
bʰebʰudʰté (imperative plural second-person)
bʰebʰéwdʰete (plural second-person subjunctive)
bʰebʰudʰḗr (indicative plural third-person)
bʰebʰudʰéntu (imperative plural third-person)
bʰebʰéwdʰonti (plural subjunctive third-person)
bʰebʰudʰwṓs (indicative participle)

Proto-Celtic:

Old Irish: at·bobuid

Proto-Germanic: *baud ~ *budun

Proto-Hellenic:

Ancient Greek: πέπυσμαι (pépusmai)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰabʰáwdʰa

Proto-Indo-Aryan:

Sanskrit: बुबोध (bubodha)

⇒ Sanskrit: बुबोधति (búbodhati, perf.subj.), बुबुधान (bubudhāná, perf.med.ptc.)

Reduplicated perfect of *bʰewdʰ- (“to be awake, be aware”).


bʰowdʰéyeti

bʰowdʰéyom (first-person indicative past singular)
bʰowdʰéyesi (indicative present second-person singular)
bʰowdʰéyes (indicative past second-person singular)
bʰowdʰéye (imperative second-person singular)
bʰowdʰéyēsi (second-person singular subjunctive)
bʰowdʰéyoys (optative second-person singular)
bʰowdʰéyeti (indicative present singular third-person)
bʰowdʰéyet (indicative past singular third-person)
bʰowdʰéyetu (imperative singular third-person)
bʰowdʰéyēti (singular subjunctive third-person)
bʰowdʰéyoyt (optative singular third-person)
bʰowdʰéyowos (dual first-person indicative present)
bʰowdʰéyowe (dual first-person indicative past)
bʰowdʰéyōwos (dual first-person subjunctive)
bʰowdʰéyoywe (dual first-person optative)
bʰowdʰéyetes (dual indicative present second-person)
bʰowdʰéyetom (dual indicative past second-person)
bʰowdʰéyetom (dual imperative second-person)
bʰowdʰéyētes (dual second-person subjunctive)
bʰowdʰéyoytom (dual optative second-person)
bʰowdʰéyetes (dual indicative present third-person)
bʰowdʰéyetām (dual indicative past third-person)
bʰowdʰéyetām (dual imperative third-person)
bʰowdʰéyētes (dual subjunctive third-person)
bʰowdʰéyoytām (dual optative third-person)
bʰowdʰéyomos (first-person indicative plural present)
bʰowdʰéyome (first-person indicative past plural)
bʰowdʰéyōmos (first-person plural subjunctive)
bʰowdʰéyoyme (first-person optative plural)
bʰowdʰéyete (indicative plural present second-person)
bʰowdʰéyete (indicative past plural second-person)
bʰowdʰéyete (imperative plural second-person)
bʰowdʰéyēte (plural second-person subjunctive)
bʰowdʰéyoyte (optative plural second-person)
bʰowdʰéyonti (indicative plural present third-person)
bʰowdʰéyont (indicative past plural third-person)
bʰowdʰéyontu (imperative plural third-person)
bʰowdʰéyōnti (plural subjunctive third-person)
bʰowdʰéyonts (indicative participle present)
bʰowdʰéyeso (imperative second-person singular)
bʰowdʰéyetor (indicative present singular third-person)
bʰowdʰéyeto (indicative past singular third-person)
bʰowdʰéyētor (singular subjunctive third-person)
bʰowdʰéyoyto (optative singular third-person)
bʰowdʰéyontor (indicative plural present third-person)
bʰowdʰéyonto (indicative past plural third-person)
bʰowdʰéyōntor (plural subjunctive third-person)
bʰowdʰéyoyro (optative plural third-person)
bʰowdʰéyomnos (indicative participle present)

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *báudīˀtei (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰawdʰáyati

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bawdʰáyati

Sanskrit: बोधयति (bodháyati)

Proto-Iranian: *bawdáyati

Avestan: 𐬠𐬀𐬊𐬛𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (baodaiieⁱti)

From *bʰewdʰ- (“aware, alert”) + *-éyeti (causative verbal suffix).


déwkti

déwkmi (first-person indicative present singular)
déwkm̥ (first-person indicative past singular)
déwksi (indicative present second-person singular)
déwks (indicative past second-person singular)
déwk (imperative second-person singular)
dukdʰí (imperative second-person singular)
déwkesi (second-person singular subjunctive)
déwkti (indicative present singular third-person)
déwkt (indicative past singular third-person)
déwktu (imperative singular third-person)
déwketi (singular subjunctive third-person)
dukwós (dual first-person indicative present)
dukwé (dual first-person indicative past)
déwkowos (dual first-person subjunctive)
duktés (dual indicative present second-person)
duktóm (dual indicative past second-person)
duktóm (dual imperative second-person)
déwketes (dual second-person subjunctive)
duktés (dual indicative present third-person)
duktā́m (dual indicative past third-person)
duktā́m (dual imperative third-person)
déwketes (dual subjunctive third-person)
dukmós (first-person indicative plural present)
dukmé (first-person indicative past plural)
déwkomos (first-person plural subjunctive)
dukté (indicative plural present second-person)
dukté (indicative past plural second-person)
dukté (imperative plural second-person)
déwkete (plural second-person subjunctive)
dukénti (indicative plural present third-person)
duként (indicative past plural third-person)
dukéntu (imperative plural third-person)
déwkonti (plural subjunctive third-person)
dukónts (indicative participle present)

Proto-Albanian: *enduka

Albanian: nduk

Proto-Celtic: *duketi

Proto-Brythonic: *dugɨd (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Germanic: *teuhaną (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dáwkti ~ *dučánti (“to milk”)

Proto-Iranian: *dáwxti (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Italic: *doukō (see there for further descendants)

Athematic root present of *dewk- (“to pull, to draw; to lead”).


ǵn̥néh₃m̥ (first-person indicative past singular)
ǵn̥néh₃oh₂ (first-person singular subjunctive)
ǵn̥nh₃yéh₁m̥ (first-person optative singular)
ǵn̥néh₃s (indicative past second-person singular)
ǵn̥néh₃ (imperative second-person singular)
ǵn̥nh₃dʰí (imperative second-person singular)
ǵn̥néh₃t (indicative past singular third-person)
ǵn̥nh₃wé (dual first-person indicative past)
ǵn̥nh₃tā́m (dual indicative past third-person)
ǵn̥nh₃tā́m (dual imperative third-person)
ǵn̥nh₃mé (first-person indicative past plural)
ǵn̥nh₃té (indicative plural present second-person)
ǵn̥nh₃té (indicative past plural second-person)
ǵn̥nh₃té (imperative plural second-person)
ǵn̥nh₃h₂ér (first-person indicative present singular)
ǵn̥nh₃h₂é (first-person indicative past singular)
ǵn̥nh₃ih₁h₂é (first-person optative singular)
ǵn̥nh₃th₂é (indicative past second-person singular)
ǵn̥nh₃só (imperative second-person singular)
ǵn̥nh₃ór (indicative present singular third-person)
ǵn̥nh₃tó (indicative past singular third-person)
ǵn̥nh₃ó (indicative past singular third-person)
ǵn̥nh₃ih₁ó (optative singular third-person)
ǵn̥nh₃wédʰh₂ (dual first-person indicative past)
ǵn̥nh₃médʰh₂ (first-person indicative past plural)
ǵn̥nh₃dʰh₂wé (indicative plural present second-person)
ǵn̥nh₃dʰh₂wé (indicative past plural second-person)
ǵn̥nh₃dʰh₂wé (imperative plural second-person)
ǵn̥nh₃n̥tó (indicative past plural third-person)
ǵn̥nh₃ró (indicative past plural third-person)

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *źināˀtei (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Celtic: *gnināti (“to recognize”) (see there for further descendants)

q

innovated root <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">*ǵenn-</i>

Proto-Germanic: *kunnaną (“to know (how), be able to”) (innovated root *ǵenn-) (see there for further descendants)

desc

⇒ Proto-Germanic: *kannijaną (“to know, to recognise”) (causative of the above innovated root) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ānáHti (“to know, recognize”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Tocharian:

Tocharian A: knānat

From *ǵneh₃- (“to recognise, know”) + *-né- (nasal infix).


péteti (canonical)
péth₂ōh₂ (first-person singular subjunctive)

Proto-Celtic: *ɸeteti

Proto-Brythonic:

⇒ Middle Welsh: ehedec (< *exs-ɸet-atikā)

⇒ Welsh: ehedfan, hedfan

Old Irish: ette (< *ɸettiyā)

Proto-Hellenic:

Ancient Greek: πέτομαι (pétomai)

Koine Greek: ἵπταμαι (híptamai)

Greek: ίπταμαι (íptamai)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pátati

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pátati

Sanskrit: पतति (pátati) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Iranian: *pátatī

Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬙𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (pataⁱti)

Proto-Italic: *petō

Latin: petō (see there for further descendants)


h₂wésōh₂ (first-person singular subjunctive)

Proto-Germanic: *wesaną (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hwásati (see there for further descendants)

Thematic root present of *h₂wes- (“to dwell”).


ḱl̥néyti

ḱl̥néymi (first-person indicative present singular)
ḱl̥nḗm (first-person indicative past singular)
ḱl̥néysi (indicative present second-person singular)
ḱl̥néys (indicative past second-person singular)
ḱl̥néy (imperative second-person singular)
ḱl̥nidʰí (imperative second-person singular)
ḱl̥néyesi (second-person singular subjunctive)
ḱl̥néyti (indicative present singular third-person)
ḱl̥néyt (indicative past singular third-person)
ḱl̥néytu (imperative singular third-person)
ḱl̥néyeti (singular subjunctive third-person)
ḱl̥niwós (dual first-person indicative present)
ḱl̥niwé (dual first-person indicative past)
ḱl̥néyowos (dual first-person subjunctive)
ḱl̥nités (dual indicative present second-person)
ḱl̥nitóm (dual indicative past second-person)
ḱl̥nitóm (dual imperative second-person)
ḱl̥néyetes (dual second-person subjunctive)
ḱl̥nités (dual indicative present third-person)
ḱl̥nitā́m (dual indicative past third-person)
ḱl̥nitā́m (dual imperative third-person)
ḱl̥néyetes (dual subjunctive third-person)
ḱl̥nimós (first-person indicative plural present)
ḱl̥nimé (first-person indicative past plural)
ḱl̥néyomos (first-person plural subjunctive)
ḱl̥nité (indicative plural present second-person)
ḱl̥nité (indicative past plural second-person)
ḱl̥nité (imperative plural second-person)
ḱl̥néyete (plural second-person subjunctive)
ḱl̥nyénti (indicative plural present third-person)
ḱl̥nyént (indicative past plural third-person)
ḱl̥nyéntu (imperative plural third-person)
ḱl̥néyonti (plural subjunctive third-person)
ḱl̥nyónts (indicative participle present)
ḱl̥nih₂é (first-person indicative past singular)
ḱl̥nisó (imperative second-person singular)
ḱl̥nitór (indicative present singular third-person)
ḱl̥nyór (indicative present singular third-person)
ḱl̥nitó (indicative past singular third-person)
ḱl̥nyó (indicative past singular third-person)
ḱl̥néyetor (singular subjunctive third-person)
ḱl̥nyn̥tór (indicative plural present third-person)
ḱl̥nirór (indicative plural present third-person)
ḱl̥nyn̥tó (indicative past plural third-person)
ḱl̥niró (indicative past plural third-person)
ḱl̥néyontor (plural subjunctive third-person)

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ślíntei

Latvian: slìet

Lithuanian: šliñti

Proto-Germanic: *hlināną (rebuilt as nā-present) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Hellenic: *klíňňō (perhaps secondary from *klínō + *-yō)

desc

Ancient Greek: κλῑ́νω (klī́nō), κλίννω (klínnō) — Aeolic (see there for further descendants)

q

Proto-Italic: *kleinō (< secondary full-grade *ḱléyneti ~ *ḱlinénti)

Latin: clīnō (“slope, bend”) (see there for further descendants)

From *ḱley- (“to incline”) + *-né- (nasal infix).


ḱléyeti

ḱléyom (first-person indicative past singular)
ḱléyōh₂ (first-person singular subjunctive)
ḱléyesi (indicative present second-person singular)
ḱléyes (indicative past second-person singular)
ḱléye (imperative second-person singular)
ḱléyēsi (second-person singular subjunctive)
ḱléyoys (optative second-person singular)
ḱléyeti (indicative present singular third-person)
ḱléyet (indicative past singular third-person)
ḱléyetu (imperative singular third-person)
ḱléyēti (singular subjunctive third-person)
ḱléyoyt (optative singular third-person)
ḱléyowos (dual first-person indicative present)
ḱléyowe (dual first-person indicative past)
ḱléyōwos (dual first-person subjunctive)
ḱléyoywe (dual first-person optative)
ḱléyetes (dual indicative present second-person)
ḱléyetom (dual indicative past second-person)
ḱléyetom (dual imperative second-person)
ḱléyētes (dual second-person subjunctive)
ḱléyoytom (dual optative second-person)
ḱléyetes (dual indicative present third-person)
ḱléyetām (dual indicative past third-person)
ḱléyetām (dual imperative third-person)
ḱléyētes (dual subjunctive third-person)
ḱléyoytām (dual optative third-person)
ḱléyomos (first-person indicative plural present)
ḱléyome (first-person indicative past plural)
ḱléyōmos (first-person plural subjunctive)
ḱléyoyme (first-person optative plural)
ḱléyete (indicative plural present second-person)
ḱléyete (indicative past plural second-person)
ḱléyete (imperative plural second-person)
ḱléyēte (plural second-person subjunctive)
ḱléyoyte (optative plural second-person)
ḱléyonti (indicative plural present third-person)
ḱléyont (indicative past plural third-person)
ḱléyontu (imperative plural third-person)
ḱléyōnti (plural subjunctive third-person)
ḱléyonts (indicative participle present)
ḱléyeso (imperative second-person singular)
ḱléyetor (indicative present singular third-person)
ḱléyeto (indicative past singular third-person)
ḱléyētor (singular subjunctive third-person)
ḱléyoyto (optative singular third-person)
ḱléyontor (indicative plural present third-person)
ḱléyonto (indicative past plural third-person)
ḱléyōntor (plural subjunctive third-person)
ḱléyoyro (optative plural third-person)
ḱléyomnos (indicative participle present)

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *śleitei

Lithuanian: šlieti

Latvian: sliet

desc

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćráyati (“to lean”) (see there for further descendants)

Thematic root present of *ḱley- (“to lean”).


ǵéwseti

ǵéwsom (first-person indicative past singular)
ǵéwsōh₂ (first-person singular subjunctive)
ǵéwsesi (indicative present second-person singular)
ǵéwses (indicative past second-person singular)
ǵéwse (imperative second-person singular)
ǵéwsēsi (second-person singular subjunctive)
ǵéwsoys (optative second-person singular)
ǵéwseti (indicative present singular third-person)
ǵéwset (indicative past singular third-person)
ǵéwsetu (imperative singular third-person)
ǵéwsēti (singular subjunctive third-person)
ǵéwsoyt (optative singular third-person)
ǵéwsowos (dual first-person indicative present)
ǵéwsowe (dual first-person indicative past)
ǵéwsōwos (dual first-person subjunctive)
ǵéwsoywe (dual first-person optative)
ǵéwsetes (dual indicative present second-person)
ǵéwsetom (dual indicative past second-person)
ǵéwsetom (dual imperative second-person)
ǵéwsētes (dual second-person subjunctive)
ǵéwsoytom (dual optative second-person)
ǵéwsetes (dual indicative present third-person)
ǵéwsetām (dual indicative past third-person)
ǵéwsetām (dual imperative third-person)
ǵéwsētes (dual subjunctive third-person)
ǵéwsoytām (dual optative third-person)
ǵéwsomos (first-person indicative plural present)
ǵéwsome (first-person indicative past plural)
ǵéwsōmos (first-person plural subjunctive)
ǵéwsoyme (first-person optative plural)
ǵéwsete (indicative plural present second-person)
ǵéwsete (indicative past plural second-person)
ǵéwsete (imperative plural second-person)
ǵéwsēte (plural second-person subjunctive)
ǵéwsoyte (optative plural second-person)
ǵéwsonti (indicative plural present third-person)
ǵéwsont (indicative past plural third-person)
ǵéwsontu (imperative plural third-person)
ǵéwsōnti (plural subjunctive third-person)
ǵéwsonts (indicative participle present)
ǵéwseso (imperative second-person singular)
ǵéwsetor (indicative present singular third-person)
ǵéwseto (indicative past singular third-person)
ǵéwsētor (singular subjunctive third-person)
ǵéwsoyto (optative singular third-person)
ǵéwsontor (indicative plural present third-person)
ǵéwsonto (indicative past plural third-person)
ǵéwsōntor (plural subjunctive third-person)
ǵéwsoyro (optative plural third-person)
ǵéwsomnos (indicative participle present)

⇒ Proto-Celtic: *guseti (“to choose”)

Old Irish: do·goa; asa·gúsi; do·gega (3sg.fut.rel.); do·roigu (3sg.pret.rel.)

Irish: togh

Scottish Gaelic: tagh

Proto-Germanic: *keusaną (“to trial, select”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Hellenic: *géuhō

Ancient Greek: γεύω (geúō)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́áwšati (see there for further descendants)

Thematic root present of *ǵews- (“to taste, try”).


ksnéwti

ksnéwmi (first-person indicative present singular)
ksnḗm (first-person indicative past singular)
ksnéwsi (indicative present second-person singular)
ksnéws (indicative past second-person singular)
ksnéw (imperative second-person singular)
ksnudʰí (imperative second-person singular)
ksnéwesi (second-person singular subjunctive)
ksnéwti (indicative present singular third-person)
ksnéwt (indicative past singular third-person)
ksnéwtu (imperative singular third-person)
ksnéweti (singular subjunctive third-person)
ksnuwós (dual first-person indicative present)
ksnuwé (dual first-person indicative past)
ksnéwowos (dual first-person subjunctive)
ksnutés (dual indicative present second-person)
ksnutóm (dual indicative past second-person)
ksnutóm (dual imperative second-person)
ksnéwetes (dual second-person subjunctive)
ksnutés (dual indicative present third-person)
ksnutā́m (dual indicative past third-person)
ksnutā́m (dual imperative third-person)
ksnéwetes (dual subjunctive third-person)
ksnumós (first-person indicative plural present)
ksnumé (first-person indicative past plural)
ksnéwomos (first-person plural subjunctive)
ksnuté (indicative plural present second-person)
ksnuté (indicative past plural second-person)
ksnuté (imperative plural second-person)
ksnéwete (plural second-person subjunctive)
ksn̥wénti (indicative plural present third-person)
ksn̥wént (indicative past plural third-person)
ksn̥wéntu (imperative plural third-person)
ksnéwonti (plural subjunctive third-person)
ksn̥wónts (indicative participle present)
ksnusó (imperative second-person singular)
ksnutór (indicative present singular third-person)
ksn̥wór (indicative present singular third-person)
ksnutó (indicative past singular third-person)
ksn̥wó (indicative past singular third-person)
ksnéwetor (singular subjunctive third-person)
ksn̥wn̥tór (indicative plural present third-person)
ksnurór (indicative plural present third-person)
ksn̥wn̥tó (indicative past plural third-person)
ksnuró (indicative past plural third-person)
ksnéwontor (plural subjunctive third-person)

Proto-Anatolian: *ksnū́di

Hittite: 𒆠𒅖𒉡𒊻𒍣 (ki-iš-nu-uz-zi, 3sg.pres.act.)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšnáwti (see there for further descendants)

From *kes- (“to scrape, comb”) + *-néwti.


Proto-Albanian: *sana

Albanian: gjë (“thing”)

Albanian: senë (“thing”)

Proto-Anatolian: *ʔsṓnts (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Balto-Slavic:

Lithuanian: sañt

Proto-Slavic: *sy (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Celtic: *sonts

desctree

Old Irish: os, as, es, is
Middle Irish: os

desc

Proto-Germanic: *sanþaz (“real, true”), *sundī (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Hellenic: *ehónts

Ancient Greek: ἐών (eṓn), ὤν (ṓn)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hsáns (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Italic: *sonts

Latin: sōns (“guilty, criminal”), (ab-sēns, prae-sēns)


Hittite: 𒉺𒄴𒊭𒊑 (pa-aḫ-ša-ri)

Balto-Slavic: *pāˀstéi

Proto-Slavic: *pastì (“pasture, herd, feed”) (see there for further descendants)

Athematic s-extended root present of *peh₂- (“to protect”).

pāzēō

*peh₂-s-éh₁ye-ti (eh₁-stative over s-present)

pāskō

*ph₂-sḱé-ti (*sḱé-present) (analogically enlarged into a sḱe-present)


ḱréddʰh₁ōh₂ (first-person singular subjunctive)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćradᶻdʰádʰaHti

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śraddádʰaHti

Sanskrit: श्रद्दधाति (śraddádhāti)

Proto-Celtic: *kreddīti (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Italic: *krezðō (see there for further descendants)

From *ḱḗr ~ *ḱr̥d-és (“heart”) + *-dʰh₁eti.


pléh₁dʰh₁ōh₂ (first-person singular subjunctive)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *práHdʰHati

Proto-Iranian: *fráHdHati (“to increase”)

Old Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬁𐬛𐬀𐬝 (frādat̰, “to further”, prs.subj.)

Younger Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬁𐬜𐬀𐬙𐬌 (frāδati, “to further”)

Khwarezmian: [script needed] (šʾzy-, “to increase”)

Proto-Iranian: *wifráHdHati (“furthered, promote”)

Parthian:

Manichaean script: [Manichaean needed] (wyfr’ynd, 3pl.pres.act.)

Middle Persian:

Manichaean script: [Manichaean needed] (wyprʾyd)

Proto-Hellenic: *plḗtʰō

Ancient Greek: πλήθω (plḗthō, “to become full, swell”)

From *pleh₁- (“to fill”) + *-dʰh₁eti (resultative verbal suffix).


kérdʰh₁ōh₂ (first-person singular subjunctive)

desc

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skerstei (“to cut, slaughter”)

Latvian: šķērst

Lithuanian: sker̃sti

Proto-Celtic: *skerdeti (“to scrape off”)

Old Irish: sceirtid

From *(s)ker- (“to cut off”) + *-dʰh₁eti (resultative verbal suffix).

suffix

⇒ Proto-Germanic: *skardą

Proto-Germanic: *skardaz (see there for further descendants)

kr̥dʰHúš

short, crooked, defective; see there for further descendants

scurdis

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skurd-; Old Prussian


widónts

widónts (nominative singular)
widóntes (nominative plural)
widónt (singular vocative)
widóntes (plural vocative)
widóntm̥ (accusative singular)
widóntm̥s (accusative plural)
widn̥tés (genitive singular)
widn̥tóHom (genitive plural)
widn̥tés (ablative singular)
widn̥tmós (ablative plural)
widn̥tbʰós (ablative plural)
widn̥téy (dative singular)
widn̥tmós (dative plural)
widn̥tbʰós (dative plural)
widént (locative singular)
widénti (locative singular)
widn̥tsú (locative plural)
widn̥tmís (instrumental plural)
widn̥tbʰís (instrumental plural)
widónt (nominative singular)
widónt (accusative singular)

Proto-Germanic: *witandz

Proto-Hellenic:

Ancient Greek: ἰδών (idṓn)

Proto-Italic: *widents, *prowidents

Latin: vidēns, prūdēns

Sanskrit: विदत् (vidat)


bʰéronts

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *berants

Proto-Slavic: *bery

Proto-Germanic: *berandz

Proto-Hellenic: *pʰéronts

Ancient Greek: φέρων (phérōn)

Proto-Italic: *ferents

Latin: ferēns


Proto-Anatolian: *ʔdónts

Hittite: 𒀀𒁕𒀭𒍝 (adanz)

Proto-Hellenic: *édonts

Ancient Greek: ἔδων (édōn)

Proto-Italic: *edents

Latin: edēns


strowéyeti

strowéyom (first-person indicative past singular)
strowéyesi (indicative present second-person singular)
strowéyes (indicative past second-person singular)
strowéye (imperative second-person singular)
strowéyēsi (second-person singular subjunctive)
strowéyoys (optative second-person singular)
strowéyeti (indicative present singular third-person)
strowéyet (indicative past singular third-person)
strowéyetu (imperative singular third-person)
strowéyēti (singular subjunctive third-person)
strowéyoyt (optative singular third-person)
strowéyowos (dual first-person indicative present)
strowéyowe (dual first-person indicative past)
strowéyōwos (dual first-person subjunctive)
strowéyoywe (dual first-person optative)
strowéyetes (dual indicative present second-person)
strowéyetom (dual indicative past second-person)
strowéyetom (dual imperative second-person)
strowéyētes (dual second-person subjunctive)
strowéyoytom (dual optative second-person)
strowéyetes (dual indicative present third-person)
strowéyetām (dual indicative past third-person)
strowéyetām (dual imperative third-person)
strowéyētes (dual subjunctive third-person)
strowéyoytām (dual optative third-person)
strowéyomos (first-person indicative plural present)
strowéyome (first-person indicative past plural)
strowéyōmos (first-person plural subjunctive)
strowéyoyme (first-person optative plural)
strowéyete (indicative plural present second-person)
strowéyete (indicative past plural second-person)
strowéyete (imperative plural second-person)
strowéyēte (plural second-person subjunctive)
strowéyoyte (optative plural second-person)
strowéyonti (indicative plural present third-person)
strowéyont (indicative past plural third-person)
strowéyontu (imperative plural third-person)
strowéyōnti (plural subjunctive third-person)
strowéyonts (indicative participle present)
strowéyeso (imperative second-person singular)
strowéyetor (indicative present singular third-person)
strowéyeto (indicative past singular third-person)
strowéyētor (singular subjunctive third-person)
strowéyoyto (optative singular third-person)
strowéyontor (indicative plural present third-person)
strowéyonto (indicative past plural third-person)
strowéyōntor (plural subjunctive third-person)
strowéyoyro (optative plural third-person)
strowéyomnos (indicative participle present)

Proto-Balto-Slavic:

Proto-Slavic: *strujiti (possibly)

Old Church Slavonic: строуити (struiti)

Proto-Celtic:

Proto-Brythonic:

Old Breton: strouis

Old Irish: a·sroíther

Proto-Germanic: *strawjaną

From *strew- (“to spread, strew”) + *-éyeti (causative verbal suffix).


dʰégʷʰeti

dʰégʷʰoh₂ (first-person indicative present singular)
dʰégʷʰom (first-person indicative past singular)
dʰégʷʰōh₂ (first-person singular subjunctive)
dʰégʷʰoyh₁m̥ (first-person optative singular)
dʰégʷʰesi (indicative present second-person singular)
dʰégʷʰes (indicative past second-person singular)
dʰégʷʰe (imperative second-person singular)
dʰégʷʰēsi (second-person singular subjunctive)
dʰégʷʰoys (optative second-person singular)
dʰégʷʰeti (indicative present singular third-person)
dʰégʷʰet (indicative past singular third-person)
dʰégʷʰetu (imperative singular third-person)
dʰégʷʰēti (singular subjunctive third-person)
dʰégʷʰoyt (optative singular third-person)
dʰégʷʰowos (dual first-person indicative present)
dʰégʷʰowe (dual first-person indicative past)
dʰégʷʰōwos (dual first-person subjunctive)
dʰégʷʰoywe (dual first-person optative)
dʰégʷʰetes (dual indicative present second-person)
dʰégʷʰetom (dual indicative past second-person)
dʰégʷʰetom (dual imperative second-person)
dʰégʷʰētes (dual second-person subjunctive)
dʰégʷʰoytom (dual optative second-person)
dʰégʷʰetes (dual indicative present third-person)
dʰégʷʰetām (dual indicative past third-person)
dʰégʷʰetām (dual imperative third-person)
dʰégʷʰētes (dual subjunctive third-person)
dʰégʷʰoytām (dual optative third-person)
dʰégʷʰomos (first-person indicative plural present)
dʰégʷʰome (first-person indicative past plural)
dʰégʷʰōmos (first-person plural subjunctive)
dʰégʷʰoyme (first-person optative plural)
dʰégʷʰete (indicative plural present second-person)
dʰégʷʰete (indicative past plural second-person)
dʰégʷʰete (imperative plural second-person)
dʰégʷʰēte (plural second-person subjunctive)
dʰégʷʰoyte (optative plural second-person)
dʰégʷʰonti (indicative plural present third-person)
dʰégʷʰont (indicative past plural third-person)
dʰégʷʰontu (imperative plural third-person)
dʰégʷʰōnti (plural subjunctive third-person)
dʰégʷʰonts (indicative participle present)
dʰégʷʰoh₂e (first-person indicative past singular)
dʰégʷʰōh₂er (first-person singular subjunctive)
dʰégʷʰeso (imperative second-person singular)
dʰégʷʰēth₂er (second-person singular subjunctive)
dʰégʷʰetor (indicative present singular third-person)
dʰégʷʰeto (indicative past singular third-person)
dʰégʷʰētor (singular subjunctive third-person)
dʰégʷʰoyto (optative singular third-person)
dʰégʷʰōwosdʰh₂ (dual first-person subjunctive)
dʰégʷʰōmosdʰh₂ (first-person plural subjunctive)
dʰégʷʰēdʰh₂we (plural second-person subjunctive)
dʰégʷʰontor (indicative plural present third-person)
dʰégʷʰonto (indicative past plural third-person)
dʰégʷʰōntor (plural subjunctive third-person)
dʰégʷʰoyro (optative plural third-person)
dʰégʷʰomnos (indicative participle present)

Proto-Albanian: *dega

Albanian: djeg

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *degtéi (see there for further descendants)

desc

⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *degut(j)as (“tar”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰáǰʰati (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Tocharian: *tsäk- (“to burn up”)

Tocharian B: tsäk-

Thematic root present of *dʰegʷʰ- (“to burn”).