See welh₁- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*welh₁-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*welō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *welō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *welō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wélh₁-ye-ti (ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "viltis",
"t": "to hope"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: viltis (“to hope”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: viltis (“to hope”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wiljaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wiljaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wiljaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wl̥h₁-yé-ti (ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "λῶ",
"t": "to wish"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: λῶ (lô, “to wish”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: λῶ (lô, “to wish”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wolh₁-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*walīˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *walīˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *walīˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*voliti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *voliti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *voliti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*waljaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *waljaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *waljaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wl̥nh₁-tóy"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wr̥nHtáy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wr̥nHtáy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wr̥nHtáy"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wr̥nHtáy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wr̥nHtáy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wr̥nHtáy"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वृणीते",
"t": "to choose",
"tr": "vṛṇīté"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वृणीते (vṛṇīté, “to choose”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वृणीते (vṛṇīté, “to choose”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wr̥nHtáy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wr̥nHtáy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wr̥nHtáy"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬉",
"t": "to choose"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬉 (vərəṇtē, “to choose”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬉 (vərəṇtē, “to choose”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wolh₁-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wáras"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wáras",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wáras"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wáras"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wáras",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wáras"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वर",
"tr": "vará"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वर (vará)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वर (vará)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*walō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *walō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< *wolh₁-eh₂"
},
"expansion": "(< *wolh₁-eh₂)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *walō (< *wolh₁-eh₂)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*walā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *walā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *walā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "vallë",
"tr": "maybe, wishfully"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: vallë (maybe, wishfully)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: vallë (maybe, wishfully)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wr̥náHti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wr̥náHti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wr̥náHti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wr̥náHti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wr̥náHti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wr̥náHti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वृणाति",
"tr": "vṛṇā́ti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वृणाति (vṛṇā́ti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वृणाति (vṛṇā́ti)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wr̥náwti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wr̥náwti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wr̥náwti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wr̥náwti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wr̥náwti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wr̥náwti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वृणोति"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वृणोति (vṛṇoti)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वृणोति (vṛṇoti) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "գեղձ",
"id": "want"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: գեղձ (gełj)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: գեղձ (gełj)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*velěti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *velěti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *velěti (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*wellos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *wellos",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *wellos (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*wlidā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *wlidā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *wlidā (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wela"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wela",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wela (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/welh₁-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European ReRH-shaped roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European imperfective roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to choose"
],
"id": "en-welh₁--ine-pro-root-icCivRd5",
"links": [
[
"choose",
"choose"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European ReRH-shaped roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European imperfective roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to want"
],
"id": "en-welh₁--ine-pro-root-lNUNkoH8",
"links": [
[
"want",
"want"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "welh₁-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European ReRH-shaped roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European imperfective roots",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*welh₁-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*welō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *welō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *welō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wélh₁-ye-ti (ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "viltis",
"t": "to hope"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: viltis (“to hope”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: viltis (“to hope”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wiljaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wiljaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wiljaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wl̥h₁-yé-ti (ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "λῶ",
"t": "to wish"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: λῶ (lô, “to wish”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: λῶ (lô, “to wish”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wolh₁-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*walīˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *walīˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *walīˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*voliti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *voliti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *voliti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*waljaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *waljaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *waljaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wl̥nh₁-tóy"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wr̥nHtáy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wr̥nHtáy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wr̥nHtáy"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wr̥nHtáy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wr̥nHtáy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wr̥nHtáy"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वृणीते",
"t": "to choose",
"tr": "vṛṇīté"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वृणीते (vṛṇīté, “to choose”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वृणीते (vṛṇīté, “to choose”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wr̥nHtáy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wr̥nHtáy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wr̥nHtáy"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬉",
"t": "to choose"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬉 (vərəṇtē, “to choose”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬉 (vərəṇtē, “to choose”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wolh₁-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wáras"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wáras",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wáras"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wáras"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wáras",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wáras"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वर",
"tr": "vará"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वर (vará)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वर (vará)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*walō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *walō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< *wolh₁-eh₂"
},
"expansion": "(< *wolh₁-eh₂)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *walō (< *wolh₁-eh₂)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*walā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *walā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *walā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "vallë",
"tr": "maybe, wishfully"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: vallë (maybe, wishfully)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: vallë (maybe, wishfully)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wr̥náHti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wr̥náHti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wr̥náHti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wr̥náHti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wr̥náHti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wr̥náHti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वृणाति",
"tr": "vṛṇā́ti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वृणाति (vṛṇā́ti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वृणाति (vṛṇā́ti)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wr̥náwti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wr̥náwti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wr̥náwti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wr̥náwti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wr̥náwti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wr̥náwti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वृणोति"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वृणोति (vṛṇoti)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वृणोति (vṛṇoti) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "գեղձ",
"id": "want"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: գեղձ (gełj)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: գեղձ (gełj)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*velěti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *velěti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *velěti (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*wellos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *wellos",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *wellos (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*wlidā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *wlidā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *wlidā (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wela"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wela",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wela (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/welh₁-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to choose"
],
"links": [
[
"choose",
"choose"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to want"
],
"links": [
[
"want",
"want"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "welh₁-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for welh₁- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (7.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.