See tergʷ- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*térgʷ-e-ti (present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*tárǰati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tárǰati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tárǰati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*tárȷ́ati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tárȷ́ati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tárȷ́ati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तर्जति",
"tr": "tárjati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: तर्जति (tárjati)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: तर्जति (tárjati)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*torgʷ-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*tarǰáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tarǰáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tarǰáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*tarȷ́áyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tarȷ́áyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tarȷ́áyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तर्जयति",
"tr": "tarjáyati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: तर्जयति (tarjáyati)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: तर्जयति (tarjáyati)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tórgʷ-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*torgʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *torgʷos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *torgʷos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "torvus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: torvus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: torvus"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*tárgas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tárgas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tárgas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*tárgas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tárgas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tárgas"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-dar"
},
"expansion": "Dardic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dardic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "phl",
"2": "takṛá"
},
"expansion": "Phalura: takṛá",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Phalura: takṛá"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-cen",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Central Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Central Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-hnd"
},
"expansion": "Hindustani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindustani: तगड़ा / تگڑا (tagṛā)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-wes"
},
"expansion": "Western Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Western Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "ત્રાગું",
"g": "n",
"t": "compulsion"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati: ત્રાગું n (trāgũ, “compulsion”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gujarati: ત્રાગું n (trāgũ, “compulsion”)"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ταρβέω",
"3": "τάρβος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ταρβέω (tarbéō), τάρβος (tárbos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ταρβέω (tarbéō), τάρβος (tárbos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*targʷo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *targʷo-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *targʷo-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "tarfu"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: tarfu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: tarfu"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tergʷ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European CeRC-shaped roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to scare, fear, be fierce"
],
"id": "en-tergʷ--ine-pro-root-njvic98U",
"links": [
[
"scare",
"scare"
],
[
"fear",
"fear"
],
[
"fierce",
"fierce"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "tergʷ-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*térgʷ-e-ti (present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*tárǰati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tárǰati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tárǰati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*tárȷ́ati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tárȷ́ati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tárȷ́ati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तर्जति",
"tr": "tárjati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: तर्जति (tárjati)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: तर्जति (tárjati)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*torgʷ-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*tarǰáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tarǰáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tarǰáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*tarȷ́áyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tarȷ́áyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tarȷ́áyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तर्जयति",
"tr": "tarjáyati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: तर्जयति (tarjáyati)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: तर्जयति (tarjáyati)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tórgʷ-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*torgʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *torgʷos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *torgʷos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "torvus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: torvus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: torvus"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*tárgas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tárgas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tárgas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*tárgas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tárgas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tárgas"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-dar"
},
"expansion": "Dardic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dardic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "phl",
"2": "takṛá"
},
"expansion": "Phalura: takṛá",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Phalura: takṛá"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-cen",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Central Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Central Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-hnd"
},
"expansion": "Hindustani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindustani: तगड़ा / تگڑا (tagṛā)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-wes"
},
"expansion": "Western Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Western Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "ત્રાગું",
"g": "n",
"t": "compulsion"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati: ત્રાગું n (trāgũ, “compulsion”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gujarati: ત્રાગું n (trāgũ, “compulsion”)"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ταρβέω",
"3": "τάρβος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ταρβέω (tarbéō), τάρβος (tárbos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ταρβέω (tarbéō), τάρβος (tárbos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*targʷo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *targʷo-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *targʷo-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "tarfu"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: tarfu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: tarfu"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tergʷ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European CeRC-shaped roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"glosses": [
"to scare, fear, be fierce"
],
"links": [
[
"scare",
"scare"
],
[
"fear",
"fear"
],
[
"fierce",
"fierce"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "tergʷ-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tergʷ- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (4.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (9e2b7d3 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.