See tengʰ- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for tengʰ- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (9.5kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*téngʰ-t ~ tn̥gʰ-ént (root aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*tengtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tengtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tengtei ~ *tingtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tęťi",
"g": "pf",
"t": "to pull"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *tęťi pf (“to pull”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *tęťi pf (“to pull”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tędzati",
"der": "1",
"g": "impf",
"t": "to pull, to extract"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tędzati impf (“to pull, to extract”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tędzati impf (“to pull, to extract”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tęgnǫti",
"der": "1",
"t": "to pull"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tęgnǫti (“to pull”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tęgnǫti (“to pull”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tęgъ",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tęgъ",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tęgъ, *tęga (“traction, weight”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tǫgъ",
"der": "1",
"t": "hard, strong"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tǫgъ (“hard, strong”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tǫgъ (“hard, strong”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tḗngʰ-ti ~ téngʰ-n̥ti (narten-type root athematic present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*täṅk-",
"t": "to check, stop, hinder"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *täṅk- (“to check, stop, hinder”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *täṅk- (“to check, stop, hinder”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "täṅk-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: täṅk-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: täṅk-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "täṅk-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: täṅk-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: täṅk-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tongʰ-éye-ti (éye-causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*tangīˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tangīˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tangīˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tǫžiti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *tǫžiti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *tǫžiti (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*tʰanǰʰáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tʰanǰʰáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tʰanǰʰáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*θanǰáyati",
"t": "to pull; to weigh (down)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *θanǰáyati (“to pull; to weigh (down)”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *θanǰáyati (“to pull; to weigh (down)”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tn̥gʰ-eh₁(yé)-ti (eh₁-stative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*tingēˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tingēˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tingēˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "tingė́ti",
"t": "to be lazy"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: tingė́ti (“to be lazy”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: tingė́ti (“to be lazy”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tęžati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *tęžati",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *tęžati (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tęžava",
"der": "1",
"t": "weight"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tęžava (“weight”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tęžava (“weight”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tn̥gʰ-sḱé-ti (*sḱe-fientive)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "tìngti",
"t": "to become slow"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: tìngti (“to become slow”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: tìngti (“to become slow”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tn̥gʰ-yé-ti (yé-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*tingtei",
"alt": "*ting(je)tei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ting(je)tei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ting(je)tei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tęžestь",
"der": "1",
"t": "weight"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tęžestь (“weight”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tęžestь (“weight”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*þungijaną",
"t": "to weigh down, make heavy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *þungijaną (“to weigh down, make heavy”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *þungijaną (“to weigh down, make heavy”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "þyngja"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: þyngja",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: þyngja (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tengʰ-sleh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*þinhslō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *þinhslō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *þinhslō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*téngʰ-u-s ~ *tn̥gʰ-éw-s (“heavy”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*tingús"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tingús",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tingús"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "tingùs"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: tingùs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: tingùs"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tęžьkъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *tęžьkъ",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with irregular *-ž- spread from the comparative *tęžьjь"
},
"expansion": "(with irregular *-ž- spread from the comparative *tęžьjь)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *tęžьkъ (with irregular *-ž- spread from the comparative *tęžьjь) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*þunguz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *þunguz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *þunguz"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "þungr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: þungr",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: þungr (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Extension of *ten- (“to stretch; to extend”).",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tengʰ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to pull (back)"
],
"id": "en-tengʰ--ine-pro-root-8vaclQ1M",
"links": [
[
"pull",
"pull"
],
[
"back",
"back"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European CeRC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be heavy, difficult"
],
"id": "en-tengʰ--ine-pro-root-4lF~pgSG",
"links": [
[
"heavy",
"heavy"
],
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "tengʰ-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European CeRC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*téngʰ-t ~ tn̥gʰ-ént (root aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*tengtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tengtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tengtei ~ *tingtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tęťi",
"g": "pf",
"t": "to pull"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *tęťi pf (“to pull”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *tęťi pf (“to pull”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tędzati",
"der": "1",
"g": "impf",
"t": "to pull, to extract"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tędzati impf (“to pull, to extract”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tędzati impf (“to pull, to extract”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tęgnǫti",
"der": "1",
"t": "to pull"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tęgnǫti (“to pull”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tęgnǫti (“to pull”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tęgъ",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tęgъ",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tęgъ, *tęga (“traction, weight”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tǫgъ",
"der": "1",
"t": "hard, strong"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tǫgъ (“hard, strong”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tǫgъ (“hard, strong”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tḗngʰ-ti ~ téngʰ-n̥ti (narten-type root athematic present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*täṅk-",
"t": "to check, stop, hinder"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *täṅk- (“to check, stop, hinder”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *täṅk- (“to check, stop, hinder”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "täṅk-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: täṅk-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: täṅk-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "täṅk-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: täṅk-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: täṅk-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tongʰ-éye-ti (éye-causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*tangīˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tangīˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tangīˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tǫžiti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *tǫžiti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *tǫžiti (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*tʰanǰʰáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tʰanǰʰáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tʰanǰʰáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*θanǰáyati",
"t": "to pull; to weigh (down)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *θanǰáyati (“to pull; to weigh (down)”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *θanǰáyati (“to pull; to weigh (down)”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tn̥gʰ-eh₁(yé)-ti (eh₁-stative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*tingēˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tingēˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tingēˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "tingė́ti",
"t": "to be lazy"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: tingė́ti (“to be lazy”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: tingė́ti (“to be lazy”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tęžati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *tęžati",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *tęžati (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tęžava",
"der": "1",
"t": "weight"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tęžava (“weight”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tęžava (“weight”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tn̥gʰ-sḱé-ti (*sḱe-fientive)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "tìngti",
"t": "to become slow"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: tìngti (“to become slow”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: tìngti (“to become slow”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tn̥gʰ-yé-ti (yé-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*tingtei",
"alt": "*ting(je)tei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ting(je)tei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ting(je)tei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tęžestь",
"der": "1",
"t": "weight"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tęžestь (“weight”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *tęžestь (“weight”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*þungijaną",
"t": "to weigh down, make heavy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *þungijaną (“to weigh down, make heavy”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *þungijaną (“to weigh down, make heavy”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "þyngja"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: þyngja",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: þyngja (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tengʰ-sleh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*þinhslō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *þinhslō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *þinhslō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*téngʰ-u-s ~ *tn̥gʰ-éw-s (“heavy”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*tingús"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tingús",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tingús"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "tingùs"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: tingùs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: tingùs"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tęžьkъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *tęžьkъ",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with irregular *-ž- spread from the comparative *tęžьjь"
},
"expansion": "(with irregular *-ž- spread from the comparative *tęžьjь)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *tęžьkъ (with irregular *-ž- spread from the comparative *tęžьjь) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*þunguz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *þunguz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *þunguz"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "þungr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: þungr",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: þungr (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Extension of *ten- (“to stretch; to extend”).",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tengʰ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to pull (back)"
],
"links": [
[
"pull",
"pull"
],
[
"back",
"back"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be heavy, difficult"
],
"links": [
[
"heavy",
"heavy"
],
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "tengʰ-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.