See skel- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ske-skól-e (perfect)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skulaną",
"t": "shall, be obliged"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *skulaną (“shall, be obliged”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *skulaną (“shall, be obliged”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*skel-éh₁-ye-ti (stative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*skelḗˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skelḗˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skelḗˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "skelė́ti",
"t": "to owe"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: skelė́ti (“to owe”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: skelė́ti (“to owe”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*skél-ti-s ~ *skl̥-téy-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skuldiz",
"t": "obligation, debt, blame"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *skuldiz (“obligation, debt, blame”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *skuldiz (“obligation, debt, blame”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*skél-ont-s (present participle?)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*skelants"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skelants",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skelants"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "skellants",
"t": "guilty"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: skellants (“guilty”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: skellants (“guilty”)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/skel-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "75 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "88 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "88 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European sCeR-shaped roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be obligated, owe"
],
"id": "en-skel--ine-pro-root-Tc~j660v",
"links": [
[
"obligated",
"obligated"
],
[
"owe",
"owe"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be guilty"
],
"id": "en-skel--ine-pro-root-re1pBUlX",
"links": [
[
"guilty",
"guilty"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "skel-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots",
"Proto-Indo-European sCeR-shaped roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ske-skól-e (perfect)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skulaną",
"t": "shall, be obliged"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *skulaną (“shall, be obliged”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *skulaną (“shall, be obliged”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*skel-éh₁-ye-ti (stative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*skelḗˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skelḗˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skelḗˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "skelė́ti",
"t": "to owe"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: skelė́ti (“to owe”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: skelė́ti (“to owe”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*skél-ti-s ~ *skl̥-téy-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skuldiz",
"t": "obligation, debt, blame"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *skuldiz (“obligation, debt, blame”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *skuldiz (“obligation, debt, blame”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*skél-ont-s (present participle?)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*skelants"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skelants",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skelants"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "skellants",
"t": "guilty"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: skellants (“guilty”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: skellants (“guilty”)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/skel-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to be obligated, owe"
],
"links": [
[
"obligated",
"obligated"
],
[
"owe",
"owe"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be guilty"
],
"links": [
[
"guilty",
"guilty"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "skel-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for skel- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (2.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.