See pós in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for pós meaning in Proto-Indo-European (4.7kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*pa ̊"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *pa ̊",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *pa ̊"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "pas"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: pas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: pas"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*pás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *pás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *pás"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "pas",
"t": "to"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: pas (“to”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: pas (“to”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*pós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *pós",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *pós"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πός",
"t": "in accordance with?"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: πός (pós, “in accordance with?”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "attested in Arcadian and Pisidian"
},
"expansion": "(attested in Arcadian and Pisidian)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: πός (pós, “in accordance with?”) (attested in Arcadian and Pisidian)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁epi",
"3": "",
"4": "at the back, on"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at the back, on”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂pó",
"3": "",
"4": "away"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó (“away”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Felt related to Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at the back, on”) in meaning and to Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó (“away”) only in form (given its opposite meaning), however from the evidence of dialectal Greek the presence of any laryngeals, at least in late PIE, can be disregarded.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "(H)pós",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "adverb",
"head": "*(H)pós"
},
"expansion": "*(H)pós",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pós",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"english": "afterwards, in the rear",
"sense": "Proto-Italic: *posti",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "post"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"roman": "apocopated form of posti, pusti",
"sense": "Umbrian: posti (“after, behind”), pusti, post",
"word": "𐌐𐌖𐌔"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"english": "on, according to, one after another",
"roman": "əst",
"sense": "*pós-ti (with the ablative marker *-ti encountered also in *h₂énti); Old Armenian",
"word": "ըստ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"english": "behind",
"sense": "Proto-Italic: *pozni",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "pōne"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"english": "late",
"sense": "Proto-Slavic: *pozdě (“lately”)",
"word": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *pozdьnъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "→? Proto-Finno-Permic: *pošja (“~ back”)",
"word": "pohja"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "→? Proto-Finno-Permic: *pošja (“~ back”)",
"word": "poaššō"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"english": "following; see there for further descendants",
"roman": "paścā",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pasčáH",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "पश्चा"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"english": "later",
"roman": "pasca",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *pasčaH",
"word": "𐬞𐬀𐬯𐬗𐬀"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"roman": "fæstæ",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *pasčaH",
"word": "фӕстӕ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"english": "then; pas",
"sense": "Middle Persian: 𐭯𐭮 (ps /pas/)",
"tags": [
"Persian"
],
"word": "پس"
}
],
"glosses": [
"afterwards, post"
],
"id": "en-pós-ine-pro-adv-9WO7g6rL",
"links": [
[
"afterwards",
"afterwards"
],
[
"post",
"post"
]
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"english": "by, at",
"roman": "potí",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic: *poti",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "ποτί"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pati-",
"word": "pati-"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"english": "in addition to?",
"roman": "poí",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic: *pói",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "ποί"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"english": "hindmost, last",
"roman": "púmatos",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πύματος"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"by, at"
],
"id": "en-pós-ine-pro-adv-CErPlDGX",
"links": [
[
"by",
"by"
],
[
"at",
"at"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "pós"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European adverbs",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "afterwards, in the rear",
"sense": "Proto-Italic: *posti",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "post"
},
{
"roman": "apocopated form of posti, pusti",
"sense": "Umbrian: posti (“after, behind”), pusti, post",
"word": "𐌐𐌖𐌔"
},
{
"english": "on, according to, one after another",
"roman": "əst",
"sense": "*pós-ti (with the ablative marker *-ti encountered also in *h₂énti); Old Armenian",
"word": "ըստ"
},
{
"english": "behind",
"sense": "Proto-Italic: *pozni",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "pōne"
},
{
"english": "late",
"sense": "Proto-Slavic: *pozdě (“lately”)",
"word": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *pozdьnъ"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "→? Proto-Finno-Permic: *pošja (“~ back”)",
"word": "pohja"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "→? Proto-Finno-Permic: *pošja (“~ back”)",
"word": "poaššō"
},
{
"english": "following; see there for further descendants",
"roman": "paścā",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pasčáH",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "पश्चा"
},
{
"english": "later",
"roman": "pasca",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *pasčaH",
"word": "𐬞𐬀𐬯𐬗𐬀"
},
{
"roman": "fæstæ",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *pasčaH",
"word": "фӕстӕ"
},
{
"english": "then; pas",
"sense": "Middle Persian: 𐭯𐭮 (ps /pas/)",
"tags": [
"Persian"
],
"word": "پس"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*pa ̊"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *pa ̊",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *pa ̊"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "pas"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: pas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: pas"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*pás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *pás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *pás"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "pas",
"t": "to"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: pas (“to”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: pas (“to”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*pós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *pós",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *pós"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πός",
"t": "in accordance with?"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: πός (pós, “in accordance with?”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "attested in Arcadian and Pisidian"
},
"expansion": "(attested in Arcadian and Pisidian)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: πός (pós, “in accordance with?”) (attested in Arcadian and Pisidian)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁epi",
"3": "",
"4": "at the back, on"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at the back, on”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂pó",
"3": "",
"4": "away"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó (“away”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Felt related to Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at the back, on”) in meaning and to Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó (“away”) only in form (given its opposite meaning), however from the evidence of dialectal Greek the presence of any laryngeals, at least in late PIE, can be disregarded.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "(H)pós",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "adverb",
"head": "*(H)pós"
},
"expansion": "*(H)pós",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pós",
"pos": "adv",
"related": [
{
"english": "by, at",
"roman": "potí",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic: *poti",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "ποτί"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pati-",
"word": "pati-"
},
{
"english": "in addition to?",
"roman": "poí",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic: *pói",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "ποί"
},
{
"english": "hindmost, last",
"roman": "púmatos",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πύματος"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"afterwards, post"
],
"links": [
[
"afterwards",
"afterwards"
],
[
"post",
"post"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"by, at"
],
"links": [
[
"by",
"by"
],
[
"at",
"at"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "pós"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.