See pós in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "*pós-ti (with the ablative marker *-ti encountered also in *h₂énti) or *pós-dʰi",
"word": "Proto-Italic: *postiLatin: post"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "*pós-ti (with the ablative marker *-ti encountered also in *h₂énti) or *pós-dʰi",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "posteOscan: post"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "*pós-ti (with the ablative marker *-ti encountered also in *h₂énti) or *pós-dʰi",
"word": "púst"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "after, behind",
"sense": "*pós-ti (with the ablative marker *-ti encountered also in *h₂énti) or *pós-dʰi",
"word": "pustinUmbrian: posti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "*pós-ti (with the ablative marker *-ti encountered also in *h₂énti) or *pós-dʰi",
"word": "pustiApocopated forms: post"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "postin",
"sense": "*pós-ti (with the ablative marker *-ti encountered also in *h₂énti) or *pós-dʰi",
"word": "𐌐𐌖𐌔South Picene: 𐌐𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌉𐌍"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "on, according to, one after another",
"roman": "əst",
"sense": "*pós-ti (with the ablative marker *-ti encountered also in *h₂énti) or *pós-dʰi; Old Armenian",
"word": "ըստ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "behind",
"sense": "Proto-Italic: *pozni",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "pōne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "late",
"sense": "Proto-Slavic: *pozdě (“lately”)",
"word": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *pozdьnъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": ">? Proto-Albanian; Albanian",
"word": "pas"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "→? Proto-Finno-Permic: *pošja (“~ back”)",
"word": "pohja"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "→? Proto-Finno-Permic: *pošja (“~ back”)",
"word": "poaššō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "following; see there for further descendants",
"roman": "paścā́",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pasčáH",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "पश्चा"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "later",
"roman": "pasca",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *pasčaH",
"word": "𐬞𐬀𐬯𐬗𐬀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "fæstæ",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *pasčaH",
"word": "фӕстӕ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "then; pas",
"sense": "Middle Persian: 𐭯𐭮 (ps /pas/)",
"tags": [
"Persian"
],
"word": "پس"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*pás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *pás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *pás"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "pas",
"t": "to"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: pas (“to”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: pas (“to”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*pós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *pós",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *pós"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πός",
"t": "in accordance with?"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: πός (pós, “in accordance with?”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "attested in Arcadian and Pisidian"
},
"expansion": "(attested in Arcadian and Pisidian)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: πός (pós, “in accordance with?”) (attested in Arcadian and Pisidian)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁epi",
"3": "",
"4": "at the back, on"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at the back, on”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂pó",
"3": "",
"4": "away"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó (“away”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Thought to be related to Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at the back, on”) in meaning and to Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó (“away”) in form. However, dialectal Greek evidence points to the absence of laryngeals, at least in late PIE.\nDunkel gives the two meanings (\"afterwards\" vs. \"by, at\") as unrelated.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "adverb",
"head": "*(H)pós"
},
"expansion": "*(H)pós",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pós",
"pos": "adv",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "by, at",
"roman": "potí",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic: *poti",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "ποτί"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pati-",
"word": "pati-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "in addition to?",
"roman": "poí",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic: *pói",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "ποί"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "hindmost, last",
"roman": "púmatos",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πύματος"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"afterwards, post-"
],
"id": "en-pós-ine-pro-adv-dka9FThl",
"links": [
[
"afterwards",
"afterwards"
],
[
"post-",
"post-"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"by, at"
],
"id": "en-pós-ine-pro-adv-CErPlDGX",
"links": [
[
"by",
"by"
],
[
"at",
"at"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
],
"word": "pós"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European adverbs",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas"
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "*pós-ti (with the ablative marker *-ti encountered also in *h₂énti) or *pós-dʰi",
"word": "Proto-Italic: *postiLatin: post"
},
{
"sense": "*pós-ti (with the ablative marker *-ti encountered also in *h₂énti) or *pós-dʰi",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "posteOscan: post"
},
{
"sense": "*pós-ti (with the ablative marker *-ti encountered also in *h₂énti) or *pós-dʰi",
"word": "púst"
},
{
"english": "after, behind",
"sense": "*pós-ti (with the ablative marker *-ti encountered also in *h₂énti) or *pós-dʰi",
"word": "pustinUmbrian: posti"
},
{
"sense": "*pós-ti (with the ablative marker *-ti encountered also in *h₂énti) or *pós-dʰi",
"word": "pustiApocopated forms: post"
},
{
"roman": "postin",
"sense": "*pós-ti (with the ablative marker *-ti encountered also in *h₂énti) or *pós-dʰi",
"word": "𐌐𐌖𐌔South Picene: 𐌐𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌉𐌍"
},
{
"english": "on, according to, one after another",
"roman": "əst",
"sense": "*pós-ti (with the ablative marker *-ti encountered also in *h₂énti) or *pós-dʰi; Old Armenian",
"word": "ըստ"
},
{
"english": "behind",
"sense": "Proto-Italic: *pozni",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "pōne"
},
{
"english": "late",
"sense": "Proto-Slavic: *pozdě (“lately”)",
"word": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *pozdьnъ"
},
{
"sense": ">? Proto-Albanian; Albanian",
"word": "pas"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "→? Proto-Finno-Permic: *pošja (“~ back”)",
"word": "pohja"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "→? Proto-Finno-Permic: *pošja (“~ back”)",
"word": "poaššō"
},
{
"english": "following; see there for further descendants",
"roman": "paścā́",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pasčáH",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "पश्चा"
},
{
"english": "later",
"roman": "pasca",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *pasčaH",
"word": "𐬞𐬀𐬯𐬗𐬀"
},
{
"roman": "fæstæ",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *pasčaH",
"word": "фӕстӕ"
},
{
"english": "then; pas",
"sense": "Middle Persian: 𐭯𐭮 (ps /pas/)",
"tags": [
"Persian"
],
"word": "پس"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*pás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *pás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *pás"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "pas",
"t": "to"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: pas (“to”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: pas (“to”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*pós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *pós",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *pós"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πός",
"t": "in accordance with?"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: πός (pós, “in accordance with?”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "attested in Arcadian and Pisidian"
},
"expansion": "(attested in Arcadian and Pisidian)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: πός (pós, “in accordance with?”) (attested in Arcadian and Pisidian)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁epi",
"3": "",
"4": "at the back, on"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at the back, on”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂pó",
"3": "",
"4": "away"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó (“away”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Thought to be related to Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at the back, on”) in meaning and to Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó (“away”) in form. However, dialectal Greek evidence points to the absence of laryngeals, at least in late PIE.\nDunkel gives the two meanings (\"afterwards\" vs. \"by, at\") as unrelated.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "adverb",
"head": "*(H)pós"
},
"expansion": "*(H)pós",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pós",
"pos": "adv",
"related": [
{
"english": "by, at",
"roman": "potí",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic: *poti",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "ποτί"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pati-",
"word": "pati-"
},
{
"english": "in addition to?",
"roman": "poí",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic: *pói",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "ποί"
},
{
"english": "hindmost, last",
"roman": "púmatos",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πύματος"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"afterwards, post-"
],
"links": [
[
"afterwards",
"afterwards"
],
[
"post-",
"post-"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"by, at"
],
"links": [
[
"by",
"by"
],
[
"at",
"at"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
],
"word": "pós"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pós meaning in Proto-Indo-European (4.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (89ebc88 and e74c913). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.