See nem- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ném-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*nemtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *nemtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *nemtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ņemt",
"t": "take"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: ņemt (“take”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: ņemt (“take”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*nemaną",
"t": "take"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *nemaną (“take”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *nemaną (“take”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*némō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *némō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *némō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "νέμω",
"t": "dispense, distribute"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: νέμω (némō, “dispense, distribute”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: νέμω (némō, “dispense, distribute”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*nom-éh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*nomā́"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *nomā́",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *nomā́"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "νομή",
"t": "pasture"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: νομή (nomḗ, “pasture”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: νομή (nomḗ, “pasture”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ném-es-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*nomezos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *nomezos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *nomezos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "numerus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: numerus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: numerus (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*nem-es-eh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*nemehā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *nemehā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *nemehā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "Νεμέα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: Νεμέα (Neméa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: Νεμέα (Neméa)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*nóm-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*nómos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *nómos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *nómos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "νόμος",
"t": "custom, law"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: νόμος (nómos, “custom, law”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: νόμος (nómos, “custom, law”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*nom-ó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*nomós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *nomós",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *nomós"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "νομός",
"t": "pasture, habitation, province"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: νομός (nomós, “pasture, habitation, province”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: νομός (nomós, “pasture, habitation, province”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*námas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *námas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *námas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*námas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *námas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *námas"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "नम",
"t": "pasture-ground",
"tr": "náma"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: नम (náma, “pasture-ground”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: नम (náma, “pasture-ground”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ném-tis ~ *nm̥-téys"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*numþiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *numþiz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *numþiz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Albanian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*namā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *namā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *namā"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "nëmë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: nëmë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: nëmë"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*nemska"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *nemska",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *nemska"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "njeh"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: njeh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: njeh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*neman",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Celtic: *neman",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Celtic: *neman (< *nem-mn̥ with degemination}}"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "neim",
"t": "poison"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: neim (“poison”)\nIrish: nimh\nManx: nieu\nScottish Gaelic: nimh",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: neim (“poison”)\nIrish: nimh\nManx: nieu\nScottish Gaelic: nimh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*nemetom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *nemetom",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *nemetom (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*nantos",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Celtic: *nantos",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Celtic: *nantos (< *nm̥-tos) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "Νέμεσις",
"t": "Nemesis, goddess of retribution"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: Νέμεσις (Némesis, “Nemesis, goddess of retribution”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: Νέμεσις (Némesis, “Nemesis, goddess of retribution”)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "Possibly related to *h₁em- (“to take, to distribute”).",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/nem-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "100 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European ReR-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European homonymic roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to distribute"
],
"id": "en-nem--ine-pro-root-jJvQ5DfV",
"links": [
[
"distribute",
"distribute"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to give, to take"
],
"id": "en-nem--ine-pro-root-Euxp4wz6",
"links": [
[
"give",
"give"
],
[
"take",
"take"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "nem-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ném-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*námati",
"t": "to bow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *námati (“to bow”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *námati (“to bow”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*nḗm-s-t ~ *ném-s-n̥t (s-aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa-ved",
"2": "अनान्"
},
"expansion": "Vedic Sanskrit: अनान् (anān)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vedic Sanskrit: अनान् (anān)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ne-nóm-e ~ *ne-nm-ḗr (reduplicated perfect)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa-ved",
"2": "नानाम"
},
"expansion": "Vedic Sanskrit: नानाम (nānāma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vedic Sanskrit: नानाम (nānāma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*nom-éye-ti (éye-causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*nāmáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *nāmáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *nāmáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "नमयति"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: नमयति (namayati)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with analogical shortening of root vowel"
},
"expansion": "(with analogical shortening of root vowel)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: नमयति (namayati) (with analogical shortening of root vowel)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬥𐬁𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬥𐬁𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (nāmaiieⁱti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬥𐬁𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (nāmaiieⁱti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "*ném-os ~ *ném-es-os (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "नम्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: नम् (nam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: नम् (nam)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "From Etymology 1, with semantic shift \"to distribute\" > \"to worship, sacrifice\" > \"to bend\".",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/nem-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to bend"
],
"id": "en-nem--ine-pro-root-ZsIWzAtu",
"links": [
[
"bend",
"bend"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "nem-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European ReR-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European homonymic roots",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ném-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*nemtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *nemtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *nemtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ņemt",
"t": "take"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: ņemt (“take”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: ņemt (“take”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*nemaną",
"t": "take"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *nemaną (“take”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *nemaną (“take”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*némō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *némō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *némō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "νέμω",
"t": "dispense, distribute"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: νέμω (némō, “dispense, distribute”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: νέμω (némō, “dispense, distribute”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*nom-éh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*nomā́"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *nomā́",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *nomā́"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "νομή",
"t": "pasture"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: νομή (nomḗ, “pasture”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: νομή (nomḗ, “pasture”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ném-es-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*nomezos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *nomezos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *nomezos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "numerus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: numerus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: numerus (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*nem-es-eh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*nemehā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *nemehā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *nemehā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "Νεμέα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: Νεμέα (Neméa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: Νεμέα (Neméa)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*nóm-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*nómos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *nómos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *nómos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "νόμος",
"t": "custom, law"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: νόμος (nómos, “custom, law”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: νόμος (nómos, “custom, law”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*nom-ó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*nomós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *nomós",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *nomós"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "νομός",
"t": "pasture, habitation, province"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: νομός (nomós, “pasture, habitation, province”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: νομός (nomós, “pasture, habitation, province”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*námas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *námas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *námas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*námas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *námas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *námas"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "नम",
"t": "pasture-ground",
"tr": "náma"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: नम (náma, “pasture-ground”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: नम (náma, “pasture-ground”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ném-tis ~ *nm̥-téys"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*numþiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *numþiz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *numþiz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Albanian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*namā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *namā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *namā"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "nëmë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: nëmë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: nëmë"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*nemska"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *nemska",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *nemska"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "njeh"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: njeh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: njeh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*neman",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Celtic: *neman",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Celtic: *neman (< *nem-mn̥ with degemination}}"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "neim",
"t": "poison"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: neim (“poison”)\nIrish: nimh\nManx: nieu\nScottish Gaelic: nimh",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: neim (“poison”)\nIrish: nimh\nManx: nieu\nScottish Gaelic: nimh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*nemetom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *nemetom",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *nemetom (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*nantos",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Celtic: *nantos",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Celtic: *nantos (< *nm̥-tos) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "Νέμεσις",
"t": "Nemesis, goddess of retribution"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: Νέμεσις (Némesis, “Nemesis, goddess of retribution”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: Νέμεσις (Némesis, “Nemesis, goddess of retribution”)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "Possibly related to *h₁em- (“to take, to distribute”).",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/nem-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to distribute"
],
"links": [
[
"distribute",
"distribute"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to give, to take"
],
"links": [
[
"give",
"give"
],
[
"take",
"take"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "nem-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European ReR-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European homonymic roots",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ném-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*námati",
"t": "to bow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *námati (“to bow”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *námati (“to bow”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*nḗm-s-t ~ *ném-s-n̥t (s-aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa-ved",
"2": "अनान्"
},
"expansion": "Vedic Sanskrit: अनान् (anān)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vedic Sanskrit: अनान् (anān)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ne-nóm-e ~ *ne-nm-ḗr (reduplicated perfect)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa-ved",
"2": "नानाम"
},
"expansion": "Vedic Sanskrit: नानाम (nānāma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vedic Sanskrit: नानाम (nānāma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*nom-éye-ti (éye-causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*nāmáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *nāmáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *nāmáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "नमयति"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: नमयति (namayati)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with analogical shortening of root vowel"
},
"expansion": "(with analogical shortening of root vowel)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: नमयति (namayati) (with analogical shortening of root vowel)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬥𐬁𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬥𐬁𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (nāmaiieⁱti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬥𐬁𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (nāmaiieⁱti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "*ném-os ~ *ném-es-os (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "नम्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: नम् (nam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: नम् (nam)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "From Etymology 1, with semantic shift \"to distribute\" > \"to worship, sacrifice\" > \"to bend\".",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/nem-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to bend"
],
"links": [
[
"bend",
"bend"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "nem-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for nem- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (11.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.