See leys- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*le-lóys-e (reduplicated stative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*lizaną",
"t": "to know"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *lizaną (“to know”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *lizaną (“to know”) or *lisaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*loys-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*laizijaną",
"t": "to teach"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *laizijaną (“to teach”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *laizijaną (“to teach”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*lis-n̥h₂-tór ~ *lis-n̥h₂-rór (mediopassive causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*liʀnōn",
"alts": "1",
"t": "to learn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *liʀnōn (“to learn”), *liʀnēn (Elbe Germanic)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *liʀnōn (“to learn”), *liʀnēn (Elbe Germanic) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*lóys-eh₂ (“track, furrow”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*léys-ti-s ~ *lis-téy-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*listiz",
"t": "art, cunning"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *listiz (“art, cunning”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *listiz (“art, cunning”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*loys-tis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*laistiz",
"t": "track, trace"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *laistiz (“track, trace”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *laistiz (“track, trace”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*laisti",
"t": "footprint, mold for shoes"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *laisti (“footprint, mold for shoes”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *laisti (“footprint, mold for shoes”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "lǣst",
"3": "lāst",
"t2": "footprint"
},
"expansion": "Old English: lǣst, lāst (“footprint”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: lǣst, lāst (“footprint”)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "last",
"id": "tool",
"t": "mould for shoes"
},
"expansion": "English: last (“mould for shoes”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: last (“mould for shoes”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "lāst",
"3": "lēst",
"t2": "sole, footprint"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: lāst, lēst (“sole, footprint”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: lāst, lēst (“sole, footprint”)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "least"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: least",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: least"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*lēst"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *lēst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *lēst"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "lēst",
"t": "mould for shoes"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: lēst (“mould for shoes”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: lēst (“mould for shoes”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*lēst"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *lēst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *lēst"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "leest",
"t": "mould for shoes"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: leest (“mould for shoes”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: leest (“mould for shoes”)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "leest"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: leest",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: leest"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "leist",
"t": "mould for shoes"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: leist (“mould for shoes”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: leist (“mould for shoes”)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Leist"
},
"expansion": "German: Leist",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Leist, Leisten"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "leistr",
"t": "stocking-foot"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: leistr (“stocking-foot”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: leistr (“stocking-foot”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "leistur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: leistur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: leistur"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "leistur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: leistur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: leistur"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "leist"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: leist",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: leist"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "lest"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: lest",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: lest"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "läst"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: läst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: läst"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃",
"t": "track"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃 (laists, “track”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃 (laists, “track”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*loys-tos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*laistaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *laistaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *laistaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "λοῖσθος",
"t": "left behind",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Ancient Greek: λοῖσθος (loîsthos, “left behind”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Ancient Greek: λοῖσθος (loîsthos, “left behind”)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/leys-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European ReRC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to trace, to track"
],
"id": "en-leys--ine-pro-root-b1Ob4JgK",
"links": [
[
"trace",
"trace"
],
[
"track",
"track"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"word": "leys-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*le-lóys-e (reduplicated stative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*lizaną",
"t": "to know"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *lizaną (“to know”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *lizaną (“to know”) or *lisaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*loys-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*laizijaną",
"t": "to teach"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *laizijaną (“to teach”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *laizijaną (“to teach”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*lis-n̥h₂-tór ~ *lis-n̥h₂-rór (mediopassive causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*liʀnōn",
"alts": "1",
"t": "to learn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *liʀnōn (“to learn”), *liʀnēn (Elbe Germanic)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *liʀnōn (“to learn”), *liʀnēn (Elbe Germanic) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*lóys-eh₂ (“track, furrow”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*léys-ti-s ~ *lis-téy-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*listiz",
"t": "art, cunning"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *listiz (“art, cunning”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *listiz (“art, cunning”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*loys-tis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*laistiz",
"t": "track, trace"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *laistiz (“track, trace”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *laistiz (“track, trace”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*laisti",
"t": "footprint, mold for shoes"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *laisti (“footprint, mold for shoes”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *laisti (“footprint, mold for shoes”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "lǣst",
"3": "lāst",
"t2": "footprint"
},
"expansion": "Old English: lǣst, lāst (“footprint”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: lǣst, lāst (“footprint”)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "last",
"id": "tool",
"t": "mould for shoes"
},
"expansion": "English: last (“mould for shoes”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: last (“mould for shoes”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "lāst",
"3": "lēst",
"t2": "sole, footprint"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: lāst, lēst (“sole, footprint”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: lāst, lēst (“sole, footprint”)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "least"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: least",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: least"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*lēst"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *lēst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *lēst"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "lēst",
"t": "mould for shoes"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: lēst (“mould for shoes”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: lēst (“mould for shoes”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*lēst"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *lēst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *lēst"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "leest",
"t": "mould for shoes"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: leest (“mould for shoes”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: leest (“mould for shoes”)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "leest"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: leest",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: leest"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "leist",
"t": "mould for shoes"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: leist (“mould for shoes”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: leist (“mould for shoes”)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Leist"
},
"expansion": "German: Leist",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Leist, Leisten"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "leistr",
"t": "stocking-foot"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: leistr (“stocking-foot”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: leistr (“stocking-foot”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "leistur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: leistur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: leistur"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "leistur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: leistur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: leistur"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "leist"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: leist",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: leist"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "lest"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: lest",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: lest"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "läst"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: läst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: läst"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃",
"t": "track"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃 (laists, “track”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃 (laists, “track”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*loys-tos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*laistaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *laistaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *laistaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "λοῖσθος",
"t": "left behind",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Ancient Greek: λοῖσθος (loîsthos, “left behind”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Ancient Greek: λοῖσθος (loîsthos, “left behind”)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/leys-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European ReRC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"glosses": [
"to trace, to track"
],
"links": [
[
"trace",
"trace"
],
[
"track",
"track"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"word": "leys-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for leys- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (6.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.