See k⁽ʷ⁾sewd- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*k⁽ʷ⁾séwd-e-ti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšáwdati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšáwdati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšáwdati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*kṣáwdati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣáwdati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣáwdati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्षोदन्ति",
"pos": "3rd pers. pl act.",
"tr": "kṣódanti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: क्षोदन्ति (kṣódanti, 3rd pers. pl act.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: क्षोदन्ति (kṣódanti, 3rd pers. pl act.), क्षोदन्ते (kṣódante, 3rd pers. pl. med.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*k⁽ʷ⁾su-né-d-ti ~ *k⁽ʷ⁾su-n-d-énti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšunátˢti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšunátˢti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšunátˢti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*kṣunátti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣunátti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣunátti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्षुणत्ति"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: क्षुणत्ति (kṣuṇatti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: क्षुणत्ति (kṣuṇatti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*k⁽ʷ⁾sowd-éye-ti (éye-causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšawdáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšawdáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšawdáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kṣawdáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kṣawdáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kṣawdáyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अक्षोदयत्",
"pos": "3rd pers. sg. imperf. act.",
"tr": "ákṣodayat"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: अक्षोदयत् (ákṣodayat, 3rd pers. sg. imperf. act.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: अक्षोदयत् (ákṣodayat, 3rd pers. sg. imperf. act.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*k⁽ʷ⁾sowd-ó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*ksaudás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ksaudás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ksaudás"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xudъ",
"t": "small, thin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *xudъ (“small, thin”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *xudъ (“small, thin”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*k⁽ʷ⁾séwd-os ~ *k⁽ʷ⁾séwd-es-os"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšáwdas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšáwdas",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšáwdas (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*k⁽ʷ⁾sud-ró-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšudrás",
"t": "minute, tiny; dispersed"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšudrás (“minute, tiny; dispersed”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšudrás (“minute, tiny; dispersed”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*k⁽ʷ⁾sud-tó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšutˢtás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšutˢtás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšutˢtás"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*xšustáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *xšustáh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *xšustáh"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬑𐬱𐬎𐬯𐬙𐬀",
"t": "melted"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬱𐬎𐬯𐬙𐬀 (xšusta, “melted”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬱𐬎𐬯𐬙𐬀 (xšusta, “melted”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*k⁽ʷ⁾sud-nó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšudnás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšudnás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšudnás"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*kṣudnás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣudnás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣudnás"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्षुण्ण"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: क्षुण्ण (kṣuṇṇa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: क्षुण्ण (kṣuṇṇa)"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"ts": "šustan"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: [Term?] (/šustan/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: [Term?] (/šustan/), [script needed] (šwy /šōy/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "شستن",
"tr": "šostan"
},
"expansion": "Persian: شستن (šostan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: شستن (šostan)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "unc",
"3": "*ksew->scrape",
"id": "crush",
"pos": "root"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from *ksew- (“to scrape”).",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/k⁽ʷ⁾sewd-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European irregular-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *kes-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *ksew-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to crush, disperse"
],
"id": "en-k⁽ʷ⁾sewd--ine-pro-root-dqGO6JzN",
"links": [
[
"crush",
"crush"
],
[
"disperse",
"disperse"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European irregular-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *kes-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *ksew-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to disintegrate"
],
"id": "en-k⁽ʷ⁾sewd--ine-pro-root-aub~vHOj",
"links": [
[
"disintegrate",
"disintegrate"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "k⁽ʷ⁾sewd-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European irregular-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots",
"Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *kes-",
"Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *ksew-"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*k⁽ʷ⁾séwd-e-ti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšáwdati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšáwdati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšáwdati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*kṣáwdati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣáwdati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣáwdati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्षोदन्ति",
"pos": "3rd pers. pl act.",
"tr": "kṣódanti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: क्षोदन्ति (kṣódanti, 3rd pers. pl act.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: क्षोदन्ति (kṣódanti, 3rd pers. pl act.), क्षोदन्ते (kṣódante, 3rd pers. pl. med.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*k⁽ʷ⁾su-né-d-ti ~ *k⁽ʷ⁾su-n-d-énti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšunátˢti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšunátˢti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšunátˢti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*kṣunátti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣunátti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣunátti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्षुणत्ति"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: क्षुणत्ति (kṣuṇatti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: क्षुणत्ति (kṣuṇatti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*k⁽ʷ⁾sowd-éye-ti (éye-causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšawdáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšawdáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšawdáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kṣawdáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kṣawdáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kṣawdáyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अक्षोदयत्",
"pos": "3rd pers. sg. imperf. act.",
"tr": "ákṣodayat"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: अक्षोदयत् (ákṣodayat, 3rd pers. sg. imperf. act.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: अक्षोदयत् (ákṣodayat, 3rd pers. sg. imperf. act.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*k⁽ʷ⁾sowd-ó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*ksaudás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ksaudás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ksaudás"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xudъ",
"t": "small, thin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *xudъ (“small, thin”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *xudъ (“small, thin”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*k⁽ʷ⁾séwd-os ~ *k⁽ʷ⁾séwd-es-os"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšáwdas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšáwdas",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšáwdas (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*k⁽ʷ⁾sud-ró-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšudrás",
"t": "minute, tiny; dispersed"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšudrás (“minute, tiny; dispersed”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšudrás (“minute, tiny; dispersed”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*k⁽ʷ⁾sud-tó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšutˢtás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšutˢtás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšutˢtás"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*xšustáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *xšustáh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *xšustáh"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬑𐬱𐬎𐬯𐬙𐬀",
"t": "melted"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬱𐬎𐬯𐬙𐬀 (xšusta, “melted”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬱𐬎𐬯𐬙𐬀 (xšusta, “melted”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*k⁽ʷ⁾sud-nó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšudnás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšudnás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšudnás"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*kṣudnás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣudnás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣudnás"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्षुण्ण"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: क्षुण्ण (kṣuṇṇa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: क्षुण्ण (kṣuṇṇa)"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"ts": "šustan"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: [Term?] (/šustan/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: [Term?] (/šustan/), [script needed] (šwy /šōy/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "شستن",
"tr": "šostan"
},
"expansion": "Persian: شستن (šostan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: شستن (šostan)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "unc",
"3": "*ksew->scrape",
"id": "crush",
"pos": "root"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from *ksew- (“to scrape”).",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/k⁽ʷ⁾sewd-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to crush, disperse"
],
"links": [
[
"crush",
"crush"
],
[
"disperse",
"disperse"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to disintegrate"
],
"links": [
[
"disintegrate",
"disintegrate"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "k⁽ʷ⁾sewd-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for k⁽ʷ⁾sewd- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (6.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.