See ksew- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for ksew- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (6.6kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kséw-ti ~ *ksu-énti (athematic present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*skutei",
"t": "to shave"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skutei (“to shave”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "metathesis"
},
"expansion": "(metathesis)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skutei (“to shave”) (metathesis)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "skũt"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: skũt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: skũt, skuvu (1sg.pret.)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "skutù"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: skutù",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: skutù, skùsti"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksu-yé-ti (*yé-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*ksuyō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ksuyō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ksuyō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ξύω",
"t": "to shave, smooth, scratch"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ξύω (xúō, “to shave, smooth, scratch”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ξύω (xúō, “to shave, smooth, scratch”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksḗw-s-t ~ *kséw-s-n̥t (*s-aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ξέσαι"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ξέσαι (xésai)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ξέσαι (xésai)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksow-éye-ti (“to scrape”, éye-causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*(k)sawejō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *(k)sawejō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *(k)sawejō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sauciō",
"t": "I wound; I trim"
},
"expansion": "Latin: sauciō (“I wound; I trim”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: sauciō (“I wound; I trim”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksów-no-m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*ksównon"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ksównon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ksównon"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ξόανον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ξόανον (xóanon)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ξόανον (xóanon)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksow-ó-s (“scraping”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*(k)sawos",
"t": "wound"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *(k)sawos (“wound”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *(k)sawos (“wound”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "saucius"
},
"expansion": "Latin: saucius",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< *sawVkio- < *ksow-Vk-"
},
"expansion": "(< *sawVkio- < *ksow-Vk-)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: saucius (< *sawVkio- < *ksow-Vk-) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksu-ró-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*ksurón"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ksurón",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ksurón"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ξυρόν"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ξυρόν (xurón)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ξυρόν (xurón)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšurás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšurás",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšurás (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksu-lo-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*ksúlon"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ksúlon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ksúlon"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ξύλον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ξύλον (xúlon)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ξύλον (xúlon)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksu-téh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*skutā",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Celtic: *skutā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with metathesis"
},
"expansion": "(with metathesis)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Celtic: *skutā (with metathesis)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "scoth#Etymology 2",
"t": "point, tip, edge"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: scoth (“point, tip, edge”)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: scoth (“point, tip, edge”)"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Extensions"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*k⁽ʷ⁾sewd-",
"alt": "*ksew-d-",
"nolb": "1",
"t": "to crush into pieces, disintegrate",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? *ksew-d- (“to crush into pieces, disintegrate”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? *ksew-d- (“to crush into pieces, disintegrate”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kes-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kes-",
"3": "*-us",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to scrape, comb"
},
"expansion": "*kes- (“to scrape, comb”) + *-us",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Reanalysed root of *kés-u-s ~ *ks-éw-s, from *kes- (“to scrape, comb”) + *-us.",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ksew-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European imperfective roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European irregular-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *kes-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to scrape, shave, sharpen"
],
"id": "en-ksew--ine-pro-root-lJjyihe2",
"links": [
[
"scrape",
"scrape"
],
[
"shave",
"shave"
],
[
"sharpen",
"sharpen"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"word": "ksew-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kséw-ti ~ *ksu-énti (athematic present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*skutei",
"t": "to shave"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skutei (“to shave”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "metathesis"
},
"expansion": "(metathesis)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skutei (“to shave”) (metathesis)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "skũt"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: skũt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: skũt, skuvu (1sg.pret.)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "skutù"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: skutù",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: skutù, skùsti"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksu-yé-ti (*yé-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*ksuyō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ksuyō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ksuyō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ξύω",
"t": "to shave, smooth, scratch"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ξύω (xúō, “to shave, smooth, scratch”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ξύω (xúō, “to shave, smooth, scratch”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksḗw-s-t ~ *kséw-s-n̥t (*s-aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ξέσαι"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ξέσαι (xésai)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ξέσαι (xésai)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksow-éye-ti (“to scrape”, éye-causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*(k)sawejō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *(k)sawejō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *(k)sawejō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sauciō",
"t": "I wound; I trim"
},
"expansion": "Latin: sauciō (“I wound; I trim”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: sauciō (“I wound; I trim”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksów-no-m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*ksównon"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ksównon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ksównon"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ξόανον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ξόανον (xóanon)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ξόανον (xóanon)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksow-ó-s (“scraping”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*(k)sawos",
"t": "wound"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *(k)sawos (“wound”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *(k)sawos (“wound”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "saucius"
},
"expansion": "Latin: saucius",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< *sawVkio- < *ksow-Vk-"
},
"expansion": "(< *sawVkio- < *ksow-Vk-)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: saucius (< *sawVkio- < *ksow-Vk-) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksu-ró-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*ksurón"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ksurón",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ksurón"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ξυρόν"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ξυρόν (xurón)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ξυρόν (xurón)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšurás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšurás",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšurás (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksu-lo-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*ksúlon"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ksúlon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ksúlon"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ξύλον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ξύλον (xúlon)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ξύλον (xúlon)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksu-téh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*skutā",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Celtic: *skutā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with metathesis"
},
"expansion": "(with metathesis)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Celtic: *skutā (with metathesis)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "scoth#Etymology 2",
"t": "point, tip, edge"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: scoth (“point, tip, edge”)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: scoth (“point, tip, edge”)"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Extensions"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*k⁽ʷ⁾sewd-",
"alt": "*ksew-d-",
"nolb": "1",
"t": "to crush into pieces, disintegrate",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? *ksew-d- (“to crush into pieces, disintegrate”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? *ksew-d- (“to crush into pieces, disintegrate”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kes-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kes-",
"3": "*-us",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to scrape, comb"
},
"expansion": "*kes- (“to scrape, comb”) + *-us",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Reanalysed root of *kés-u-s ~ *ks-éw-s, from *kes- (“to scrape, comb”) + *-us.",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ksew-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European imperfective roots",
"Proto-Indo-European irregular-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots",
"Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *kes-"
],
"glosses": [
"to scrape, shave, sharpen"
],
"links": [
[
"scrape",
"scrape"
],
[
"shave",
"shave"
],
[
"sharpen",
"sharpen"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"word": "ksew-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.