See kes- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kes- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (11.1kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ks-dʰh₁-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kés-dʰh₁-eh₂"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hezdǭ",
"t": "flax fibers"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *hezdǭ (“flax fibers”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *hezdǭ (“flax fibers”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*heʀdā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *heʀdā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *heʀdā (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kos-dʰh₁-ós"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hazdaz",
"t": "hair"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *hazdaz (“hair”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *hazdaz (“hair”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kés-ti ~ *ks-énti (athematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𒆠𒊭𒀭𒁕",
"pos": "3pl.pret.act.",
"tr": "ki-ša-an-da"
},
"expansion": "Luwian: 𒆠𒊭𒀭𒁕 (ki-ša-an-da, 3pl.pret.act.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luwian: 𒆠𒊭𒀭𒁕 (ki-ša-an-da, 3pl.pret.act.), 𒆠𒊭𒄠𒈠 (ki-ša-am-ma /kišama/, part.)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒆠𒅖𒍣",
"pos": "3sg.pres.act.",
"t": "to comb, card",
"tr": "ki-iš-zi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒆠𒅖𒍣 (ki-iš-zi, “to comb, card”, 3sg.pres.act.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒆠𒅖𒍣 (ki-iš-zi, “to comb, card”, 3sg.pres.act.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "*ks-néw-ti ~ *ks-nw-énti (*néw-present) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kes-/*kos-yé-ti (yé-fientive)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*késtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *késtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *késtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kàsti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: kàsti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: kàsti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*česàti",
"t": "to scratch, comb"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *česàti (“to scratch, comb”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *česàti (“to scratch, comb”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kos-éye-ti (*éye-causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*kasīˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kasīˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kasīˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kositi",
"t": "to mow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *kositi (“to mow”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *kositi (“to mow”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kés-r̥ ~ *ks-én-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksen- (reanalysed root)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*kasra",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Albanian: *kasra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Albanian: *kasra > *kāra"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "korr",
"t": "to harvest, reap"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: korr (“to harvest, reap”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: korr (“to harvest, reap”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*ke-ks-r-éh₂",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ *ke-ks-r-éh₂",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with reduplication of the root"
},
"expansion": "(with reduplication of the root)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ *ke-ks-r-éh₂ (with reduplication of the root)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*kīsrā",
"t": "comb",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Celtic: *kīsrā (“comb”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly < <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"cel-pro\">*kēsrā</i> < <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"cel-pro\">*kexsrā</i>"
},
"expansion": "(possibly < *kēsrā < *kexsrā)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Celtic: *kīsrā (“comb”) (possibly < *kēsrā < *kexsrā)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cír"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: cír",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: cír (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*kes-ró-m",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ *kes-ró-m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ *kes-ró-m"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hērą",
"t": "hair",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *hērą (“hair”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *hērą (“hair”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kés-s ~ *ks-és"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kses- (reanalysed root)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksés-ti (athematic present)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*kséhō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *kséhō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *kséhō"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ξέω",
"t": "to shave, carve, smooth, polish"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ξέω (xéō, “to shave, carve, smooth, polish”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ξέω (xéō, “to shave, carve, smooth, polish”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kses-tós (verbal adjective)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*ksestós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ksestós",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ksestós"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ξεστός",
"t": "smoothed, polished, wrought"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ξεστός (xestós, “smoothed, polished, wrought”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ξεστός (xestós, “smoothed, polished, wrought”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kés-u-s ~ *ks-éw-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksew- (reanalysed root)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kos-éh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*kaxā",
"t": "plaited hair"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *kaxā (“plaited hair”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *kaxā (“plaited hair”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "kezë",
"t": "woman’s head-dress, bonnet, hair-net"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: kezë (“woman’s head-dress, bonnet, hair-net”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: kezë (“woman’s head-dress, bonnet, hair-net”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*kasā́ˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kasā́ˀ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kasā́ˀ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "kasa",
"t": "braid"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: kasa (“braid”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: kasa (“braid”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kasà",
"t": "braid"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: kasà (“braid”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: kasà (“braid”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "kexti",
"t": "braided hair"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: kexti (“braided hair”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: kexti (“braided hair”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kosà",
"t": "hair, braided hair"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *kosà (“hair, braided hair”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *kosà (“hair, braided hair”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kos-eh₂-yé-ti ~ *kos-eh₂-yónti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*kasā́ˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kasā́ˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kasā́ˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "kàsît"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: kàsît",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: kàsît"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kasýti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: kasýti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: kasýti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kasati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *kasati",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *kasati (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kós-mo-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*kasmas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kasmas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kasmas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kosmъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *kosmъ",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *kosmъ (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "(possibly) *kos-ó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*kaxa",
"t": "ox"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *kaxa (“ox”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *kaxa (“ox”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ka"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: ka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: ka"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kes-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European CeC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to scrape, comb"
],
"id": "en-kes--ine-pro-root-XnKEed7T",
"links": [
[
"scrape",
"scrape"
],
[
"comb",
"comb"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Rick Derksen",
"Vladimir Orel"
]
}
],
"word": "kes-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ks-dʰh₁-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kés-dʰh₁-eh₂"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hezdǭ",
"t": "flax fibers"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *hezdǭ (“flax fibers”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *hezdǭ (“flax fibers”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*heʀdā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *heʀdā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *heʀdā (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kos-dʰh₁-ós"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hazdaz",
"t": "hair"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *hazdaz (“hair”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *hazdaz (“hair”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kés-ti ~ *ks-énti (athematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𒆠𒊭𒀭𒁕",
"pos": "3pl.pret.act.",
"tr": "ki-ša-an-da"
},
"expansion": "Luwian: 𒆠𒊭𒀭𒁕 (ki-ša-an-da, 3pl.pret.act.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luwian: 𒆠𒊭𒀭𒁕 (ki-ša-an-da, 3pl.pret.act.), 𒆠𒊭𒄠𒈠 (ki-ša-am-ma /kišama/, part.)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒆠𒅖𒍣",
"pos": "3sg.pres.act.",
"t": "to comb, card",
"tr": "ki-iš-zi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒆠𒅖𒍣 (ki-iš-zi, “to comb, card”, 3sg.pres.act.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒆠𒅖𒍣 (ki-iš-zi, “to comb, card”, 3sg.pres.act.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "*ks-néw-ti ~ *ks-nw-énti (*néw-present) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kes-/*kos-yé-ti (yé-fientive)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*késtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *késtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *késtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kàsti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: kàsti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: kàsti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*česàti",
"t": "to scratch, comb"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *česàti (“to scratch, comb”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *česàti (“to scratch, comb”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kos-éye-ti (*éye-causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*kasīˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kasīˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kasīˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kositi",
"t": "to mow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *kositi (“to mow”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *kositi (“to mow”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kés-r̥ ~ *ks-én-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksen- (reanalysed root)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*kasra",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Albanian: *kasra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Albanian: *kasra > *kāra"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "korr",
"t": "to harvest, reap"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: korr (“to harvest, reap”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: korr (“to harvest, reap”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*ke-ks-r-éh₂",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ *ke-ks-r-éh₂",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with reduplication of the root"
},
"expansion": "(with reduplication of the root)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ *ke-ks-r-éh₂ (with reduplication of the root)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*kīsrā",
"t": "comb",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Celtic: *kīsrā (“comb”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly < <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"cel-pro\">*kēsrā</i> < <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"cel-pro\">*kexsrā</i>"
},
"expansion": "(possibly < *kēsrā < *kexsrā)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Celtic: *kīsrā (“comb”) (possibly < *kēsrā < *kexsrā)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cír"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: cír",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: cír (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*kes-ró-m",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ *kes-ró-m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ *kes-ró-m"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hērą",
"t": "hair",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *hērą (“hair”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *hērą (“hair”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kés-s ~ *ks-és"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kses- (reanalysed root)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksés-ti (athematic present)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*kséhō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *kséhō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *kséhō"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ξέω",
"t": "to shave, carve, smooth, polish"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ξέω (xéō, “to shave, carve, smooth, polish”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ξέω (xéō, “to shave, carve, smooth, polish”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kses-tós (verbal adjective)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*ksestós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ksestós",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ksestós"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ξεστός",
"t": "smoothed, polished, wrought"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ξεστός (xestós, “smoothed, polished, wrought”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ξεστός (xestós, “smoothed, polished, wrought”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kés-u-s ~ *ks-éw-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksew- (reanalysed root)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kos-éh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*kaxā",
"t": "plaited hair"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *kaxā (“plaited hair”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *kaxā (“plaited hair”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "kezë",
"t": "woman’s head-dress, bonnet, hair-net"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: kezë (“woman’s head-dress, bonnet, hair-net”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: kezë (“woman’s head-dress, bonnet, hair-net”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*kasā́ˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kasā́ˀ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kasā́ˀ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "kasa",
"t": "braid"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: kasa (“braid”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: kasa (“braid”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kasà",
"t": "braid"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: kasà (“braid”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: kasà (“braid”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "kexti",
"t": "braided hair"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: kexti (“braided hair”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: kexti (“braided hair”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kosà",
"t": "hair, braided hair"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *kosà (“hair, braided hair”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *kosà (“hair, braided hair”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kos-eh₂-yé-ti ~ *kos-eh₂-yónti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*kasā́ˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kasā́ˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kasā́ˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "kàsît"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: kàsît",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: kàsît"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kasýti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: kasýti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: kasýti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kasati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *kasati",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *kasati (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kós-mo-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*kasmas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kasmas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kasmas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kosmъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *kosmъ",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *kosmъ (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "(possibly) *kos-ó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*kaxa",
"t": "ox"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *kaxa (“ox”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *kaxa (“ox”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ka"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: ka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: ka"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kes-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European CeC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"glosses": [
"to scrape, comb"
],
"links": [
[
"scrape",
"scrape"
],
[
"comb",
"comb"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Rick Derksen",
"Vladimir Orel"
]
}
],
"word": "kes-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.