See keh₂d- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for keh₂d- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (4.0kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kéh₂d-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*kādos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *kādos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *kādos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*kọð"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *kọð",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *kọð"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "cuez"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: cuez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: cuez, queuz"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "keuz"
},
"expansion": "Breton: keuz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: keuz"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "kueth"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: kueth",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: kueth, cüth"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "cawdd"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: cawdd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: cawdd"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cawdd"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: cawdd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: cawdd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*kādos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *kādos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *kādos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osc",
"2": "cadeis"
},
"expansion": "Oscan: cadeis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oscan: cadeis"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kéh₂d-os ~ *kéh₂d-es-os (s-stem noun)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*kā́dos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *kā́dos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *kā́dos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κῆδος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: κῆδος (kêdos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: κῆδος (kêdos)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Doric Greek: κᾶδος (kâdos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kéh₂d-tis ~ *kh₂d-téy-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*kassis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *kassis",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *kassis (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kh₂d-os ~ *kh₂d-es-os (zero-grade s-stem noun)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hataz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *hataz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *hataz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬯𐬁𐬛𐬭𐬀",
"t": "misery, suffering"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬯𐬁𐬛𐬭𐬀 (sādra, “misery, suffering”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬯𐬁𐬛𐬭𐬀 (sādra, “misery, suffering”)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Speculative links have been made to *ḱh₂d- (“to fall”).",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/keh₂d-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European CeHC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hatred, angriness"
],
"id": "en-keh₂d--ine-pro-root-N9NQjcsq",
"links": [
[
"hatred",
"hatred"
],
[
"angriness",
"angriness"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "keh₂d-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kéh₂d-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*kādos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *kādos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *kādos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*kọð"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *kọð",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *kọð"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "cuez"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: cuez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: cuez, queuz"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "keuz"
},
"expansion": "Breton: keuz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: keuz"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "kueth"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: kueth",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: kueth, cüth"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "cawdd"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: cawdd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: cawdd"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cawdd"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: cawdd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: cawdd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*kādos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *kādos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *kādos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osc",
"2": "cadeis"
},
"expansion": "Oscan: cadeis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oscan: cadeis"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kéh₂d-os ~ *kéh₂d-es-os (s-stem noun)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*kā́dos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *kā́dos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *kā́dos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κῆδος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: κῆδος (kêdos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: κῆδος (kêdos)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Doric Greek: κᾶδος (kâdos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kéh₂d-tis ~ *kh₂d-téy-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*kassis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *kassis",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *kassis (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kh₂d-os ~ *kh₂d-es-os (zero-grade s-stem noun)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hataz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *hataz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *hataz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬯𐬁𐬛𐬭𐬀",
"t": "misery, suffering"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬯𐬁𐬛𐬭𐬀 (sādra, “misery, suffering”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬯𐬁𐬛𐬭𐬀 (sādra, “misery, suffering”)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Speculative links have been made to *ḱh₂d- (“to fall”).",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/keh₂d-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European CeHC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"glosses": [
"hatred, angriness"
],
"links": [
[
"hatred",
"hatred"
],
[
"angriness",
"angriness"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "keh₂d-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (372f256 and 664a3bc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.