See h₁rudʰéh₁ti in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*rudḗˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *rudḗˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *rudḗˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*rъděti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *rъděti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *rъděti (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*rudāną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *rudāną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *rudāną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*ruðēō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *ruðēō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *ruðēō"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rubeō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: rubeō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: rubeō"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁rewdʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁rewdʰ-",
"3": "*-éh₁ti",
"pos2": "inchoative or fientive verbal suffix",
"t1": "red"
},
"expansion": "*h₁rewdʰ- (“red”) + *-éh₁ti (inchoative or fientive verbal suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”) + *-éh₁ti (inchoative or fientive verbal suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-conj-impf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁mi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁m̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁oh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁yeh₁m̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁si",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁dʰi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁esi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁yeh₁s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁ti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁tu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁eti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁yeh₁t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁wos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁we",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁owos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁ih₁we",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"optative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁tes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁tom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁tom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁etes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁ih₁tom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"optative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁tes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁tām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"past",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁tām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁etes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁ih₁tām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"optative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁mos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁me",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁omos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁ih₁me",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁te",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁te",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁te",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁ete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁ih₁te",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁n̥ti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁n̥t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁n̥tu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁onti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁ih₁n̥t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁n̥ts",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "verb",
"3": "imperfective",
"4": "",
"cat2": "imperfective verbs",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*h₁rudʰéh₁ti (imperfective)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "h₁rudʰéh₁",
"af": "eh1",
"v": "actv"
},
"name": "ine-conj-impf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁rudʰéh₁ti",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *h₁rewdʰ-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-éh₁ti",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be red"
],
"id": "en-h₁rudʰéh₁ti-ine-pro-verb-ZzSViBCq",
"links": [
[
"red",
"red"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "h₁rudʰéh₁ti"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*rudḗˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *rudḗˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *rudḗˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*rъděti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *rъděti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *rъděti (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*rudāną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *rudāną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *rudāną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*ruðēō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *ruðēō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *ruðēō"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rubeō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: rubeō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: rubeō"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁rewdʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁rewdʰ-",
"3": "*-éh₁ti",
"pos2": "inchoative or fientive verbal suffix",
"t1": "red"
},
"expansion": "*h₁rewdʰ- (“red”) + *-éh₁ti (inchoative or fientive verbal suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”) + *-éh₁ti (inchoative or fientive verbal suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-conj-impf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁mi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁m̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁oh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁yeh₁m̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁si",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁dʰi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁esi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁yeh₁s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁ti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁tu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁eti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁yeh₁t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁wos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁we",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁owos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁ih₁we",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"optative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁tes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁tom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁tom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁etes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁ih₁tom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"optative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁tes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁tām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"past",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁tām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁etes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁ih₁tām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"optative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁mos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁me",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁omos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁ih₁me",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁te",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁te",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁te",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁ete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁ih₁te",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁n̥ti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁n̥t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁n̥tu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁onti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁ih₁n̥t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h₁rudʰéh₁n̥ts",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "verb",
"3": "imperfective",
"4": "",
"cat2": "imperfective verbs",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*h₁rudʰéh₁ti (imperfective)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "h₁rudʰéh₁",
"af": "eh1",
"v": "actv"
},
"name": "ine-conj-impf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁rudʰéh₁ti",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European eh₁-stative verbs",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European imperfective verbs",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *h₁rewdʰ-",
"Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-éh₁ti",
"Proto-Indo-European verbs",
"ine-pro:Colors"
],
"glosses": [
"to be red"
],
"links": [
[
"red",
"red"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "h₁rudʰéh₁ti"
}
Download raw JSONL data for h₁rudʰéh₁ti meaning in Proto-Indo-European (7.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.